format-version: 1.2 ontology: uberon/subsets/nervous-minimal.obo owl-axioms: Prefix(owl:=)\nPrefix(rdf:=)\nPrefix(xml:=)\nPrefix(xsd:=)\nPrefix(rdfs:=)\n\n\nOntology(\nEquivalentClasses( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ))\nAnnotationAssertion(Annotation( \"Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_9\"^^xsd:string) \"\"^^xsd:string)\nAnnotationAssertion(Annotation( \"Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_18\"^^xsd:string) \"\"^^xsd:string)\n) [Term] id: CL:0000031 name: neuroblast namespace: cell xref: BTO:0000930 xref: FBbt:00005146 xref: FMA:70563 is_a: CL:0000047 ! neuronal stem cell [Term] id: CL:0000047 name: neuronal stem cell namespace: cell def: "Neural stem cell is characterized as an undifferentiated cell that originates from the neuroectoderm and has the capacity both to perpetually self-renew without differentiating and to generate multiple types of lineage-restricted progenitors." [GOC:tfm, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_stem_cell, MESH:D058953, PMID:15247488] synonym: "neural stem cell" EXACT [] synonym: "NSC" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0002881 xref: FMA:86684 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system [Term] id: CL:0000127 name: astrocyte namespace: cell def: "A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord. Astrocytes (from 'star' cells) are irregularly shaped with many long processes, including those with 'end feet' which form the glial (limiting) membrane and directly and indirectly contribute to the blood-brain barrier. They regulate the extracellular ionic and chemical environment, and 'reactive astrocytes' (along with microglia) respond to injury." [GOC:dsd, GOC:tfm, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrocyte, MESH:A08.637.200, MESH:D001253, PMID:11746784, PMID:12162730, PMID:12898703, PMID:20942978] comment: Astrocytes are reportedly CD68-negative, CD121a-positive, CD184-positive, CD192-positive, CRF-positive, EGFR-positive, GFAP-positive, GLUT1-positive, MBP-negative, and NGFR-positive. synonym: "astrocytic glia" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000099 xref: FMA:54537 is_a: CL:0000128 ! oligodendrocyte relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system [Term] id: CL:0000128 name: oligodendrocyte namespace: cell def: "A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system. Form the insulating myelin sheath of axons in the central nervous system." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligodendrocyte, MESH:A08.637.600, MESH:D009836] comment: Oligodendrocytes are reportedly MDP-positive and CD4-negative. synonym: "oligodendroglia" RELATED [] synonym: "OLs" EXACT [PMID:8734446] xref: BTO:0000962 xref: FMA:54540 relationship: develops_from CL:0002453 ! oligodendrocyte precursor cell relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system [Term] id: CL:0000129 name: microglial cell namespace: cell def: "A central nervous system macrophage found in the parenchyma of the central nervous system. Marker include CD11b-positive, F4/80-positive, and CD68-positive." [GOC:add, GOC:dsd, GOC:tfm, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microglia, ISBN:0721601464, MESH:D017628, PMID:11517395, PMID:12430718, PMID:14561199, PMID:14612429, PMID:16177057, PMID:19461673, PMID:2089275] comment: Markers: Mouse: CD11b+, F4/80+, CD68+. They represent ~12% of the cells in the CNS, but they are not uniformly distributed within the CNS. A normal adult mouse brain has approximately 3.5x10e6 microglia. Microglia are also reportedly CD3-negative, CD4-positive, CD8-negative, CD11b-positive, CD11c-high, CD14-negative, CD19-negative, CD45-low, CD56-negative, CD163-negative, CD200R-positive, CD281-positive, CD282-positive, CD283-positive, CD284-positive, CD285-positive, CD286-positive, CD287-positive, CD288-positive, CD289-positive, Gr1-negative, nestin-positive, and PU.1-positive. synonym: "brain macrophage" BROAD [] synonym: "brain-resident macrophage" EXACT [] synonym: "hortega cells" EXACT [http://www.copewithcytokines.de/] synonym: "MF.microglia.CNS" RELATED [] synonym: "microglia" EXACT [] synonym: "microgliocyte" EXACT [http://www.copewithcytokines.de/] xref: BTO:0000078 xref: BTO:0000962 xref: FMA:54539 xref: FMA:54540 is_a: CL:0000878 ! central nervous system macrophage relationship: develops_from CL:0002453 ! oligodendrocyte precursor cell relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system [Term] id: CL:0000218 name: myelinating Schwann cell namespace: cell def: "A neuroglial cell of the peripheral nervous system which forms the insulating myelin sheaths of peripheral axons." [GOC:cvs, GOC:tfm, MESH:A08.637.800] synonym: "neurilemmal cell" EXACT [] synonym: "peripheral neuroglial cell" BROAD [] synonym: "Schwann cell" BROAD [] xref: FMA:62121 is_a: CL:0002573 ! Schwann cell relationship: develops_from CL:0002377 ! immature Schwann cell [Term] id: CL:0000337 name: neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) namespace: cell def: "An embryonic cell that develops into a nerve cell or neuron." [FMA:70563] is_a: CL:0000031 ! neuroblast [Term] id: CL:0000338 name: neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) namespace: cell synonym: "neuroblast" BROAD [] is_a: CL:0000031 ! neuroblast [Term] id: CL:0000397 name: ganglion interneuron namespace: cell relationship: part_of UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion [Term] id: CL:0000402 name: CNS interneuron namespace: cell relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system [Term] id: CL:0000405 name: neuroepidermoblast namespace: cell xref: FBbt:00005148 is_a: CL:0000338 ! neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) [Term] id: CL:0000406 name: CNS short range interneuron namespace: cell is_a: CL:0000402 ! CNS interneuron [Term] id: CL:0000410 name: CNS long range interneuron namespace: cell is_a: CL:0000402 ! CNS interneuron [Term] id: CL:0000437 name: gonadtroph namespace: cell def: "A rounded cell that is usually situated next to sinusoids; secretes follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)." [GOC:tfm, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonadotroph, ISBN:0517223651] synonym: "delta basophil" EXACT [] synonym: "follicle stimulating hormone secreting cell" EXACT [] synonym: "gonadotrope" EXACT [] synonym: "gonadotrope cell" EXACT [] synonym: "gonadotroph" EXACT [] synonym: "gonadotropic cell" EXACT [] synonym: "pituitary delta cell" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0002482 xref: FMA:83100 is_a: CL:0000639 ! basophil cell of pars distalis of adenohypophysis [Term] id: CL:0000468 name: neuroglioblast namespace: cell xref: FBbt:00005147 is_a: CL:0000047 ! neuronal stem cell [Term] id: CL:0000469 name: ganglion mother cell namespace: cell xref: FBbt:00005149 is_a: CL:0000468 ! neuroglioblast [Term] id: CL:0000476 name: thyrotroph namespace: cell def: "A basophil cell of the anterior pituitary that produces thyroid stimulating hormone, thyrotrophin. This cell type is elongated, polygonal and lie in clusters towards the adenohypophyseal center." [ISBN:0517223651, SANBI:mhl] synonym: "beta-basophil" EXACT [] synonym: "thyroid stimulating hormone secreting cell" EXACT [] synonym: "thyrotrope" EXACT [] xref: FMA:83099 is_a: CL:0000639 ! basophil cell of pars distalis of adenohypophysis [Term] id: CL:0000636 name: Mueller cell namespace: cell xref: BTO:0003064 is_a: CL:0000127 ! astrocyte [Term] id: CL:0000637 name: chromophil cell of anterior pituitary gland namespace: cell def: "A cell that stains readily in the anterior pituitary gland." [GOC:tfm, ISBN:0618947256] xref: FMA:83089 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002196 ! adenohypophysis [Term] id: CL:0000638 name: acidophil cell of pars distalis of adenohypophysis namespace: cell def: "An acidophilic chromophil cell that of the anterior pituitary gland." [GOC:tfm] synonym: "acidophil cell of pars anterior of adenohypophysis" EXACT [] synonym: "acidophil of pars anterior of adenohypophysis" EXACT [] synonym: "acidophil of pars distalis of adenohypophysis" EXACT [] synonym: "pituitary alpha cell" EXACT [] xref: FMA:83093 is_a: CL:0000637 ! chromophil cell of anterior pituitary gland [Term] id: CL:0000639 name: basophil cell of pars distalis of adenohypophysis namespace: cell def: "A basophillic chromophil cell that of the anterior pituitary gland." [GOC:tfm] synonym: "basophil cell of anterior lobe of hypophysis" EXACT [] synonym: "beta cell" RELATED [] synonym: "pituitary beta cell" RELATED [] xref: FMA:83094 is_a: CL:0000637 ! chromophil cell of anterior pituitary gland [Term] id: CL:0000644 name: Bergmann glial cell namespace: cell def: "Type of radial astrocyte in the cerebellar cortex that have their cell bodies in the Purkinje cell layer and processes that extend into the molecular layer, terminating with bulbous endfeet at the pial surface. Bergmann glia express high densities of glutamate transporters that limit diffusion of the neurotransmitter glutamate during its release from synaptic terminals. Besides their role in early development of the cerebellum, Bergmann glia are also required for the pruning or addition of synapses." [GOC:tfm, http://www.neurolex.org/wiki/Category\:Bergmann_Glial_Cell] synonym: "Bergmann astrocyte" EXACT [] synonym: "Bergmann glial cell of cerebellum" EXACT [] xref: FMA:54559 is_a: CL:0000127 ! astrocyte [Term] id: CL:0000645 name: pituicyte namespace: cell def: "A cell with long processes running parallel to adjacent axons in the proximal infundibulum of the neurohypophysis. These processes form a three-dimensional network among the axons of the hypothalamic neurosecretory cells and are connected by gap junctions which provide for their metabolic coupling. This cell type constitutes most of the nonexcitable tissue in the neurohypophsis; function may include possibly acting as an intermediate in the modulation of oxytocin and vasopressin release. This cell type is highly variable in size and shape and commonly contain lipid droplets and deposits of lipochrome pigment." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pituicyte, ISBN:0412046911, ISBN:0517223651] xref: BTO:0003793 xref: FMA:83503 is_a: CL:0000127 ! astrocyte [Term] id: CL:0000662 name: neuroglioblast (sensu Nematoda) namespace: cell is_a: CL:0000468 ! neuroglioblast [Term] id: CL:0000683 name: ependymoglial cell namespace: cell def: "A cell that transports hormones from neurosecretory cells. This nerve cell is characterized by bipolar shape and endfeet that contact a basal lamina around blood vessels, and/or the pia mater or vitreous body of the eye and additionally contact the ventricular surface or sub-retinal space." [http://neurolex.org/wiki/Category\:Ependymoglial_Cell, JB:jb] synonym: "ependymal astrocyte" EXACT [] is_a: CL:0000127 ! astrocyte [Term] id: CL:0000692 name: terminal Schwann cell namespace: cell def: "A neuroglial cell of the peripheral nervous system inside the basal lamina of the neuromuscular junction providing chemical and physical support to the synapse." [JB:jb, PMID:16136171] synonym: "Schwann cell" BROAD [] is_a: CL:0002376 ! non-myelinating Schwann cell [Term] id: CL:0000706 name: choroid plexus epithelial cell namespace: cell alt_id: CL:1000430 def: "Specialized ependymal cell that produces the cerebrospinal fluid from the blood and secretes it into the lumen of the brain and spinal chord." [GOC:add, GOC:tfm, JB:jb, PMID:9550134] synonym: "epithelial cell of choroid plexus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:70549 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus [Term] id: CL:0000878 name: central nervous system macrophage namespace: cell def: "A tissue-resident macrophage found in the central nervous system." [GO_REF:0000031, PMID:16322748] synonym: "CNS macrophage" EXACT [] relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system [Term] id: CL:0000879 name: meningeal macrophage namespace: cell def: "A central nervous system macrophage found in the meninges (the three membranes that surround the brain). This macrophage types is highly phagocytic and expresses scavenger receptors." [GO_REF:0000031, GOC:ana, PMID:11591794] is_a: CL:0000878 ! central nervous system macrophage relationship: part_of UBERON:0002360 ! meninx [Term] id: CL:0000880 name: choroid-plexus macrophage namespace: cell def: "A central nervous system macrophage found at the interface between the blood and the cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. This cell expresses scavenger receptors." [GO_REF:0000031, GOC:ana, PMID:9550136] is_a: CL:0000878 ! central nervous system macrophage [Term] id: CL:0000881 name: perivascular macrophage namespace: cell def: "A central nervous system macrophage found in small blood vessels in the brain. Markers include CD14+CD16+CD163+." [GO_REF:0000031, GOC:tfm, PMID:16507898] comment: Markers: Human/monkey, mice: CD163. Human: CD14+CD16+CD163+. is_a: CL:0000878 ! central nervous system macrophage [Term] id: CL:0001031 name: cerebellar granule cell namespace: cell def: "Granule cell that is part of the cerebellum." [GOC:mah] xref: BTO:0004278 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: CL:0001032 name: cortical granule cell namespace: cell def: "Granule cell that is part of the cerebral cortex." [GOC:mah] is_a: CL:0002609 ! neuron of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: CL:0001033 name: hippocampal granule cell namespace: cell def: "Granule cell that is part of the hippocampus." [GOC:mah] is_a: CL:0001032 ! cortical granule cell is_a: CL:0002608 ! hippocampal neuron relationship: part_of UBERON:0001954 ! Ammon's horn [Term] id: CL:0002085 name: tanycyte namespace: cell alt_id: CL:0000643 def: "Specialized elongated ventricular ependymal cell that has processes that extend to the outer, or pial, surface of the CNS. Resemble spongioblasts seen in developing brain. Found in the adult brain in the third ventricle, cerebral aqueduct, spinal canal and floor of the fourth ventricle." [GOC:tfm, http://neurolex.org/wiki/Category\:Tanycyte] synonym: "stretch cell" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001953 xref: FMA:54560 is_a: CL:0000683 ! ependymoglial cell created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2010-07-15T11:21:11Z [Term] id: CL:0002169 name: basal cell of olfactory epithelium namespace: cell alt_id: CL:1000395 def: "An epithelial cell located on the basal lamina of the olfactory epithelium." [GOC:tfm, PMID:7143026] xref: FMA:62303 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001997 ! olfactory epithelium created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2010-08-26T01:58:54Z [Term] id: CL:0002171 name: globose cell of olfactory epithelium namespace: cell def: "A rounded or elliptical epithelial cell, with pale-staining open face nucleus and pale cytoplasm rich in free ribosomes and clusters of centrioles; form a distinct basal zone spaced slightly from the basal surface of the epithelium." [GOC:tfm, PMID:17468753] synonym: "blastema cell of olfactory epithelium" EXACT [] xref: FMA:67874 is_a: CL:0002169 ! basal cell of olfactory epithelium created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2010-08-26T01:59:18Z [Term] id: CL:0002177 name: folliculostellate cell of pars distalis of adenohypophysis namespace: cell def: "A supporting cell of the anterior pituitary gland involved in trophic and catabolic processes; expresses a broad spectrum of cytokeratins indicative of their epithelial nature." [GOC:tfm] synonym: "folliculostellate cell of pars anterior of adenohypophysis" EXACT [] xref: FMA:83102 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006964 ! pars distalis of adenohypophysis created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2010-08-25T03:10:10Z [Term] id: CL:0002184 name: basal proper cell of olfactory epithelium namespace: cell def: "A flat or angular epithelial cell with condensed nuclei and darkly staining cytoplasm containing numerous intermediate filaments inserted into desmosomes contacting surrounding supporting cells; lie in contact with the basal lamina of olfactory epithelium." [GOC:tfm, PMID:0517223651, PMID:11891623] synonym: "horizontal basal cells" EXACT [] xref: FMA:62304 is_a: CL:0002169 ! basal cell of olfactory epithelium created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2010-08-26T01:59:22Z [Term] id: CL:0002309 name: corticotroph namespace: cell def: "A basophil chromphil cell of the anterior pitiutary gland that produce adrenocorticotropic hormone, melanocyte-stimulating hormone and lipotropin. This cell type is irregular in shape and has short dendritic processes which are inserted among other neighboring cells;" [GOC:tfm, ISBN:0517223651] xref: BTO:0002509 xref: FMA:83098 is_a: CL:0000639 ! basophil cell of pars distalis of adenohypophysis created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2010-09-14T02:08:23Z [Term] id: CL:0002310 name: mammosomatotroph namespace: cell def: "An acidophil cell of the anterior pitiuatry gland that produces both prolactin and growth hormone." [GOC:tfm] xref: FMA:83097 is_a: CL:0000638 ! acidophil cell of pars distalis of adenohypophysis created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2010-09-14T02:25:34Z [Term] id: CL:0002311 name: mammotroph namespace: cell def: "An acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces prolactin." [SANBI:mhl] synonym: "epsilon-acidophil" EXACT [] synonym: "lactotrope" EXACT [] synonym: "lactotroph" EXACT [] synonym: "lactotropic cell" EXACT [] synonym: "mammotrope" EXACT [] synonym: "mammotrophic cell" EXACT [] synonym: "mammotropic cell" EXACT [] xref: FMA:83096 is_a: CL:0000638 ! acidophil cell of pars distalis of adenohypophysis created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2010-09-14T02:30:57Z [Term] id: CL:0002312 name: somatotroph namespace: cell def: "An acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces growth hormone, somatotropin." [SANBI:mhl] synonym: "somatotrope" EXACT [] synonym: "somatotropic cell" EXACT [] synonym: "somatrophic cell" EXACT [] xref: FMA:83095 is_a: CL:0000638 ! acidophil cell of pars distalis of adenohypophysis created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2010-09-14T02:33:09Z [Term] id: CL:0002362 name: granule cell precursor namespace: cell def: "A cell located in the outermost proliferative zone of the external germinal layer that can differentiate into astroglial cells and granule cells. This cell type is glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive and NK1-positive." [GOC:tfm, PMID:14745007] is_a: CL:0000337 ! neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2010-09-22T01:40:44Z [Term] id: CL:0002376 name: non-myelinating Schwann cell namespace: cell def: "A glial cell that ensheaths multiple small diameter axons in the peripheral nervous system. The non-myelinating Schwann cell is embedded among neurons (axons) with minimal extracellular spaces separating them from nerve cell membranes and has a basal lamina. Cells can survive without an axon present. These cells can de-differentiate into immature Schwann cells." [GOC:cvs, GOC:tfm, ISBN:0721662544] synonym: "Schwann cell" BROAD [] is_a: CL:0002573 ! Schwann cell relationship: develops_from CL:0002377 ! immature Schwann cell created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2010-09-24T02:10:26Z [Term] id: CL:0002377 name: immature Schwann cell namespace: cell def: "A glial cell that develops from a Schwann cell precursor. The immature Schwann cell is embedded among neurons (axons) with minimal extracellular spaces separating them from nerve cell membranes and has a basal lamina. Cells can survive without an axon present. Immature Schwann cell can be found communally ensheathing large groups of axons." [GOC:cvs, GOC:tfm, ISBN:0721662544] synonym: "Schwann cell" BROAD [] xref: ZFA:0001725 is_a: CL:0002573 ! Schwann cell created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2010-09-24T02:10:31Z [Term] id: CL:0002453 name: oligodendrocyte precursor cell namespace: cell def: "The cell type from which oligodendrocytes develop. This cell originates from multiple structures within the developing brain including the medial ganglion eminence and the lateral ganglionic eminence. These cells migrate throughout the central nervous system and persist into adulthood where they play an important role in remyelination of injured neurons." [GOC:tfm, PMID:20142420] relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2010-11-10T02:51:34Z [Term] id: CL:0002549 name: fibroblast of choroid plexus namespace: cell def: "A fibroblast that is part of the choroid plexus." [GOC:tfm] relationship: part_of UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2011-02-28T05:01:39Z [Term] id: CL:0002573 name: Schwann cell namespace: cell def: "A glial cell that ensheathes axons of neuron in the peripheral nervous system and are necessary for their maintainance and function." [GOC:tfm] xref: BTO:0001220 relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2011-03-02T01:19:27Z [Term] id: CL:0002575 name: central nervous system pericyte namespace: cell def: "A pericyte of the central nervous system." [GOC:tfm] relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2011-03-02T02:54:18Z [Term] id: CL:0002590 name: smooth muscle cell of the brain vasculature namespace: cell def: "A vascular associated smooth muscle cell of the brain vasculature." [GOC:tfm] relationship: part_of UBERON:0005284 ! brain vasculature created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2011-03-06T05:01:20Z [Term] id: CL:0002603 name: astrocyte of the cerebellum namespace: cell def: "An astrocyte of the cerebellum." [GOC:tfm] is_a: CL:0000127 ! astrocyte relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2011-03-06T06:57:27Z [Term] id: CL:0002604 name: astrocyte of the hippocampus namespace: cell is_a: CL:0002605 ! astrocyte of the cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001954 ! Ammon's horn created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2011-03-06T06:57:33Z [Term] id: CL:0002605 name: astrocyte of the cerebral cortex namespace: cell def: "An astrocyte of the cerebral cortex." [GOC:tfm] is_a: CL:0012000 ! astrocyte of the forebrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2011-03-06T06:57:36Z [Term] id: CL:0002606 name: astrocyte of the spinal cord namespace: cell def: "An astrocyte of the spinal cord." [GOC:tfm] is_a: CL:0000127 ! astrocyte relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2011-03-06T07:11:26Z [Term] id: CL:0002608 name: hippocampal neuron namespace: cell def: "A neuron of the hippocampus." [GOC:tfm] is_a: CL:0002609 ! neuron of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001954 ! Ammon's horn created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2011-03-06T07:31:49Z [Term] id: CL:0002609 name: neuron of cerebral cortex namespace: cell def: "A CNS neuron of the cerebral cortex." [GOC:tfm] synonym: "cortical neuron" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0004102 xref: FMA:84104 is_a: CL:0012001 ! neuron of the forebrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2011-03-06T07:37:08Z [Term] id: CL:0002610 name: raphe nuclei neuron namespace: cell def: "A neuron of the raphe nuclei." [GOC:tfm] relationship: part_of UBERON:0004684 ! raphe nuclei created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2011-03-06T07:42:06Z [Term] id: CL:0002611 name: neuron of the dorsal spinal cord namespace: cell def: "A CNS neuron of the dorsal spinal cord." [GOC:tfm] relationship: part_of UBERON:0002256 ! dorsal horn of spinal cord created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2011-03-06T07:43:34Z [Term] id: CL:0002612 name: neuron of the ventral spinal cord namespace: cell def: "A neuron of the ventral spinal cord." [GOC:tfm] relationship: part_of UBERON:0002257 ! ventral horn of spinal cord created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2011-03-06T07:46:03Z [Term] id: CL:0002613 name: striatum neuron namespace: cell def: "A neuron of the striatum." [GOC:tfm] is_a: CL:0012001 ! neuron of the forebrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002435 ! striatum created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2011-03-06T07:47:12Z [Term] id: CL:0002614 name: neuron of the substantia nigra namespace: cell def: "A neuron of the substantia nigra." [GOC:tfm] is_a: CL:0012001 ! neuron of the forebrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002038 ! substantia nigra created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2011-03-06T07:48:42Z [Term] id: CL:0002626 name: immature astrocyte namespace: cell def: "An immature astrocyte." [GOC:dsd] synonym: "immature astrocytic glia" EXACT [] is_a: CL:0000127 ! astrocyte [Term] id: CL:0002627 name: mature astrocyte namespace: cell def: "A mature astrocyte that is capable of producing cytokines." [GOC:dsd, PMID:12898703, PMID:8734446] comment: Mature astrocytes are reportedly able to produce aspartate, ATP, BDNF, BMP-2a, BMP-3, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL19, CCL20,CD40L, CNTF, CTGF, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL8, edn-1, aFGF, bFGF, G-CSF, glutamate, GM-CSF, IFN-alpha, IFN-beta, IFN-gamma, IGF-1, IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-2, Il-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, LIF, MIP-2, NGF, nitric oxide, NT3, taurine, TGF-beta, TNF-alpha, TNF-beta. synonym: "activated astrocyte" EXACT [] synonym: "mature astrocytic glia" EXACT [] is_a: CL:0000127 ! astrocyte [Term] id: CL:0002628 name: immature microglial cell namespace: cell def: "An immature microglial cell with a ramified morphology." [GOC:dsd, PMID:18396103, PMID:19461673] comment: Immature microglia are reportedly CD34-positive, CD163-negative, MHCI-negative, MHCII-negative. synonym: "immature microglia" EXACT [] synonym: "quiescent microglia" EXACT [PMID:18396103] synonym: "resting microglia" EXACT [PMID:18396103] is_a: CL:0000129 ! microglial cell [Term] id: CL:0002629 name: mature microglial cell namespace: cell def: "A mature microglial cell that has changed shape to an amoeboid morphology and is capable of cytokine production and antigen presentation." [GOC:dsd, PMID:11517395, PMID:14612429, PMID:15246020, PMID:16177057, PMID:18396103, PMID:20021364] comment: Mature microglia are reportedly CCR2-positive, CD4-positive, CD9-positive, CD11a-positive, CD11b-positive, CD11c-positive, CD13-positive, CD16-positive, CDw17-positive, CD18-positive, CD21-positive, CD26-negative, CD32-positive, CD35-positive, CD36-positive, CD40-positive, CD44-positive, CD45-positive, CD53-positive, CD54-positive, CD56-negative, CD58-positive, CD63-positive, CD64-positive, CD66-positive, CD80-positive, CD86-positive, CD87-positive, CD92-positive, CD106-positive, CD107a-positive, CD147-positive, CD155-positive, CD162-positive, CD163-positive, CD171-negative, CD200R-positive, CXCR3-positive, CX3CR1-positive, fibronectin-positive, GD3-positive, GLUT1-positive, GLUT3-negative, GLUT5-positive, MHCI-positive, MHCII-positive, P2X4-positive, RFD7-negative, RGS5-negative, alpha-SMA-negative, vimentin-positive, and vwf-negative. Mature microglia are capable of producing BDNF, CCL3, CCL5, CCL7, CCL8, CCL9, CCL19, CCL20,CD40L, CSF, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL4, CXCL5, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, glutamate, IL-1beta, IL-1ra, IL-3, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, LT, MMP-2, MMP-9, NGF, nitric oxide, ROS, TGF-beta, TNF-alpha. synonym: "activated microglia" EXACT [PMID:18396103] synonym: "mature microglia" EXACT [] synonym: "reactive microglia" EXACT [PMID:18396103] is_a: CL:0000129 ! microglial cell [Term] id: CL:0002676 name: neural crest derived neuroblast namespace: cell def: "A neuroblast derived from a neural crest cell." [GOC:tfm, PMID:17407019] is_a: CL:0000337 ! neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2011-08-22T09:24:15Z [Term] id: CL:0005000 name: spinal cord interneuron namespace: cell def: "A CNS interneuron located in the spinal cord." [CL:CVS] comment: Is_a interneuron, part_of UBERON:0002240. is_a: CL:0000402 ! CNS interneuron relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: CL:0005007 name: Kolmer-Agduhr neuron namespace: cell def: "Kolmer-Agduhr neurons are ciliated GABAergic neurons that contact the central canal of the spinal cord and have ipsilateral ascending axons." [PMID:18680739] synonym: "KA cell" EXACT [] synonym: "KA interneuron" EXACT [PMID:15539490] synonym: "KA neuron" EXACT [PMID:9634146] synonym: "Kolmer-Agduhr cell" EXACT [] is_a: CL:0005000 ! spinal cord interneuron [Term] id: CL:0007011 name: enteric neuron namespace: cell def: "Neuron that is part of the enteric nervous system." [CL:MAH] relationship: part_of UBERON:0002005 ! enteric nervous system created_by: haendel creation_date: 2012-06-28T08:20:31Z [Term] id: CL:0009000 name: sensory neuron of spinal nerve namespace: cl def: "A sensory neuron of the spinal nerve that senses body position and sends information about how much the muscle is stretched to the spinal cord." [GOC:nv, GOC:pr] synonym: "spinal sensory neuron" EXACT [] relationship: part_of UBERON:0001780 ! spinal nerve [Term] id: CL:0011000 name: dorsal horn interneuron namespace: cl def: "A CNS interneuron located in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord." [GOC:nv] synonym: "dorsal spinal cord interneuron" RELATED [] is_a: CL:0002611 ! neuron of the dorsal spinal cord is_a: CL:0005000 ! spinal cord interneuron relationship: part_of UBERON:0002256 ! dorsal horn of spinal cord [Term] id: CL:0011001 name: spinal cord motor neuron namespace: cl def: "A motor neuron that passes from the spinal cord toward or to a muscle and conducts an impulse that causes movement." [GOC:nv] relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: CL:0011002 name: lateral motor column neuron namespace: cl def: "A motor neuron that is generated only on limb levels and send axons into the limb mesenchyme." [GOC:nv] comment: Need to MIREOT in 'spinal cord lateral column' from Uberon is_a: CL:0011001 ! spinal cord motor neuron [Term] id: CL:0011003 name: magnocellular neurosecretory cell namespace: cl def: "A neurosecretory neuron residing mainly in the hypothalamic supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei and in a number of smaller accessory cell groups between these two nuclei, that secretes the hormones oxytocin and vasopressin." [GOC:nv, MP:0009467] synonym: "magnocellular neuron" EXACT [] relationship: part_of UBERON:0001930 ! paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0006568 ! hypothalamic nucleus [Term] id: CL:0012000 name: astrocyte of the forebrain namespace: cell def: "An astrocyte of the forebrain." [] synonym: "forebrain astrocyte" EXACT [] is_a: CL:0000127 ! astrocyte relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain created_by: tberardini [Term] id: CL:0012001 name: neuron of the forebrain namespace: cell def: "A CNS neuron of the forebrain." [] synonym: "forebrain neuron" EXACT [] relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain created_by: tberardini [Term] id: CL:1000298 name: mesothelial cell of dura mater namespace: cell def: "A mesothelial cell that is part of the dura mater." [GOC:tfm] synonym: "squamous mesothelial cell of dura mater" EXACT [FMA:256516] xref: FMA:256516 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater [Term] id: CL:1000378 name: type 1 vestibular sensory cell of stato-acoustic epithelium namespace: cell def: "A type I vestibular sensory cell that is part of the stato-acoustic epithelium." [GOC:tfm] xref: FMA:263186 relationship: part_of UBERON:0009969 ! stato-acoustic epithelium [Term] id: CL:1000379 name: type 1 vestibular sensory cell of epithelium of macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth namespace: cell def: "A type I vestibular sensory cell that is part of the epithelium of macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth." [GOC:tfm] xref: FMA:263188 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003241 ! epithelium of utricle [Term] id: CL:1000380 name: type 1 vestibular sensory cell of epithelium of macula of saccule of membranous labyrinth namespace: cell def: "A type I vestibular sensory cell that is part of the epithelium of macula of saccule of membranous labyrinth." [GOC:tfm] xref: FMA:263190 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003242 ! epithelium of saccule [Term] id: CL:1000381 name: type 1 vestibular sensory cell of epithelium of crista of ampulla of semicircular duct of membranous labyrinth namespace: cell def: "A type I vestibular sensory cell that is part of the epithelium of crista of ampulla of semicircular duct of membranous labyrinth." [GOC:tfm] xref: FMA:263192 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006935 ! crista ampullaris neuroepithelium [Term] id: CL:1000382 name: type 2 vestibular sensory cell of stato-acoustic epithelium namespace: cell def: "A type II vestibular sensory cell that is part of the stato-acoustic epithelium." [GOC:tfm] xref: FMA:263194 relationship: part_of UBERON:0009969 ! stato-acoustic epithelium [Term] id: CL:1000383 name: type 2 vestibular sensory cell of epithelium of macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth namespace: cell def: "A type II vestibular sensory cell that is part of the epithelium of macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth." [GOC:tfm] xref: FMA:263196 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003241 ! epithelium of utricle [Term] id: CL:1000384 name: type 2 vestibular sensory cell of epithelium of macula of saccule of membranous labyrinth namespace: cell def: "A type II vestibular sensory cell that is part of the epithelium of macula of saccule of membranous labyrinth." [GOC:tfm] xref: FMA:263198 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003242 ! epithelium of saccule [Term] id: CL:1000385 name: type 2 vestibular sensory cell of epithelium of crista of ampulla of semicircular duct of membranous labyrinth namespace: cell def: "A type II vestibular sensory cell that is part of the epithelium of crista of ampulla of semicircular duct of membranous labyrinth." [GOC:tfm] xref: FMA:263200 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006935 ! crista ampullaris neuroepithelium [Term] id: CL:1001434 name: olfactory bulb interneuron namespace: cl def: "A neuron residing in the olfactory bulb that serve to process and refine signals arising from olfactory sensory neurons" [PMID:18603310] is_a: CL:0000402 ! CNS interneuron is_a: CL:0012001 ! neuron of the forebrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002264 ! olfactory bulb [Term] id: CL:1001435 name: periglomerular cell namespace: cl def: "the small neuron in the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb whose dendrites arborize within a glomerulus, where it receives synaptic input from olfactory receptor cell axon terminals, and also engages in dendrodendritic interactions with mitral and tufted cell dendrites; uses both GABA and dopamine as a neurotransmitter" [MP:0009943] synonym: "glomerular layer cell" EXACT [NIF_Cell:nifext_122] synonym: "olfactory bulb (accessory) glomerular layer cell" EXACT [NIF_Cell:nifext_122] synonym: "olfactory bulb glomerular layer cell" EXACT [NIF_Cell:nifext_122] synonym: "olfactory bulb glomerularal cell" EXACT [MP:0009943] synonym: "periglomerular cell" EXACT [NIF_Cell:nifext_122] xref: BTO:0003796 xref: NIF_Cell:nifext_122 is_a: CL:1001434 ! olfactory bulb interneuron relationship: part_of UBERON:0005377 ! olfactory bulb glomerular layer [Term] id: CL:1001451 name: sensory neuron of dorsal root ganglion namespace: cl def: "A sensory neuron of the dorsal root ganglia that senses body position and sends information about how much the muscle is stretched to the spinal cord." [MP:0004297] synonym: "proprioceptive neuron" EXACT [MP:0004297] is_a: CL:0009000 ! sensory neuron of spinal nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0000044 ! dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: CL:1001474 name: medium spiny neuron namespace: cl def: "the inhibitory projection neurons located in the striatum that integrate glutamatergic signals arising from the cerebral cortex and thalamus" [MP:0008462] synonym: "medium-sized densely spiny neuron" RELATED [BTO:0004778] xref: BTO:0004778 relationship: part_of UBERON:0000369 ! corpus striatum [Term] id: CL:1001502 name: mitral cell namespace: cl def: "the large glutaminergic nerve cells whose dendrites synapse with axons of the olfactory receptor neurons in the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb, and whose axons pass centrally in the olfactory tract to the olfactory cortex" [MP:0009954] is_a: CL:1001434 ! olfactory bulb interneuron relationship: part_of UBERON:0004186 ! olfactory bulb mitral cell layer [Term] id: CL:1001503 name: olfactory bulb tufted cell namespace: cl def: "the principal glutaminergic neuron located in the outer third of the external plexiform layer of the olfactory bulb; a single short primary dendrite traverses the outer external plexiform layer and terminates within an olfactory glomerulus in a tuft of branches, where it receives the input from olfactory receptor neuron axon terminals; axons of the tufted cells transfer information to a number of areas in the brain, including the piriform cortex, entorhinal cortex, olfactory tubercle, and amygdala" [MP:0009955] relationship: part_of UBERON:0005376 ! olfactory bulb external plexiform layer [Term] id: CL:1001505 name: parvocellular neurosecretory cell namespace: cl def: "the secretory neurons of the paraventricular nucleus that synthesize and secrete vasopressin, corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) into blood vessels in the hypothalamo-pituitary portal system" [MP:0010125] relationship: part_of UBERON:0001930 ! paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus [Term] id: CL:1001569 name: hippocampal interneuron namespace: cl def: "An interneuron of the hippocampus." [GOC:pr] xref: FMA:84777 is_a: CL:0000402 ! CNS interneuron is_a: CL:0002608 ! hippocampal neuron relationship: part_of UBERON:0001954 ! Ammon's horn [Term] id: CL:1001571 name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron namespace: cl def: "A pyramidal cell of the hippocampus." [GOC:pr, PMID:19342486] synonym: "hippocampus (CA) pyramidal cell" EXACT [NIF_Cell:sao131261273] synonym: "hippocampus (CA) pyramidal neuron" EXACT [NIF_Cell:sao131261273] xref: NIF_Cell:sao131261273 xref: SAO:sao131261273 is_a: CL:0002608 ! hippocampal neuron relationship: part_of UBERON:0001954 ! Ammon's horn relationship: part_of UBERON:0002313 ! hippocampus pyramidal layer [Term] id: UBERON:0000005 name: chemosensory organ namespace: uberon subset: functional_classification subset: uberon_slim synonym: "chemosensory sensory organ" EXACT [FBbt:00005157] xref: FBbt:00005157 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0000007 name: pituitary gland namespace: uberon def: "The pituitary gland is an endocrine gland that secretes hormones that regulate many other glands [GO]. An endocrine gland located ventral to the diencephalon and derived from mixed neuroectodermal and non neuroectodermal origin [ZFIN]." [Wikipedia:Pituitary_gland, ZFIN:curator] comment: Taxon notes: The lamprey possesses a distinct pituitary organ and hormones, the ascidian does not show distinct evidence of them [Sower S, Freamat M, Kavanaugh S. The origins of the vertebrate hypothalamicpituitarygonadal (HPG) and hypothalamicpituitarythyroid (HPT) endocrine systems: new insights from lampreys. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2009;161:20-9] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "glandula pituitaria" RELATED [BTO:0001073] synonym: "hypophysis" RELATED [ZFA:0000118] synonym: "hypophysis cerebri" RELATED [MA:0000176] synonym: "hypophysis, glandula pituitaria" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pituitary_gland] synonym: "pituitary" EXACT [BTO:0001073] synonym: "pituitary body" EXACT [BTO:0001073] xref: AAO:0010536 xref: BM:Die-Hy-HY xref: BTO:0001073 xref: EFO:0000857 xref: EHDAA2:0001471 xref: EHDAA:2183 xref: EHDAA:4477 xref: EMAPA:16647 xref: EMAPA:16898 xref: EV:0100132 xref: FMA:13889 xref: GAID:457 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Gray1180.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Gray1180.png/200px-Gray1180.png xref: MA:0000176 xref: MAT:0000077 xref: MESH:A06.407.747 xref: MIAA:0000077 xref: ncithesaurus:Pituitary_Gland xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1353 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv6NQYJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181125003 xref: TAO:0000118 xref: UMLS:C0032005 xref: VHOG:0000143 xref: XAO:0000017 xref: ZFA:0000118 is_a: UBERON:0003296 {is_inferred="true"} ! gland of diencephalon is_a: UBERON:0010133 {is_inferred="true"} ! neuroendocrine gland relationship: has_part UBERON:0002196 ! adenohypophysis relationship: has_part UBERON:0002198 ! neurohypophysis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 {source="ZFA"} ! diencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "An endocrine gland derived from infundibulum of the floor of the diencephalon and an ectodermal dorsal protrusion from the buccal cavity which controls the secretion of many hormones influencing the function of various organs of the body.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010536", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "An endocrine gland located ventral to the diencephalon and derived from mixed neuroectodermal and non neuroectodermal origin.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000118", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000143", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.510", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000010 name: peripheral nervous system namespace: uberon def: "Nervous structures including ganglia outside of the central nervous system. Divided into somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system" [FB:gg, OMD:peripheral+nervous+system, Wikipedia:Peripheral_nervous_system, ZFIN:curator] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "pars peripherica; systema nervosum periphericum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Peripheral_nervous_system] synonym: "PNS" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000429 xref: BILA:0000081 xref: BTO:0001028 xref: EFO:0000891 xref: EHDAA2:0001445 xref: EHDAA:2893 xref: EMAPA:16665 xref: EMAPA:18370 xref: EV:0100335 xref: FBbt:00005098 xref: FMA:9903 xref: GAID:715 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Nervous_system_diagram.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Nervous_system_diagram.png/200px-Nervous_system_diagram.png xref: MA:0000218 xref: MAT:0000338 xref: MESH:A08.800 xref: MIAA:0000338 xref: ncithesaurus:Peripheral_Nervous_System xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1111 xref: SCTID:362292005 xref: TAO:0000142 xref: UMLS:C0206417 xref: VHOG:0000399 xref: XAO:0000178 xref: ZFA:0000142 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001017 property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Nervous structures including ganglia outside of the central nervous system. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000142", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Part of nervous system in which nerves extend throughout the body outside of the brain and spinal cord.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000429", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 " (...) specific vertebrate traits within the chordate phylum such as skeletal tissues, PNS, and spectacular head and brain development, are linked to the NC (neural crest) and its derivatives.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000399", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1007/978-0-387-46954-6_6 Dupin E, Creuzet S, Le Douarin NM, The contribution of the neural crest to the vertebrate body. Advances in experimental medicine and biology (2006)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000011 name: parasympathetic nervous system namespace: uberon def: "The parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) is a division of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), along with the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and enteric nervous system (ENS). The ANS is a subdivision of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). ANS sends fibers to three tissues: cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, or glandular tissue. This stimulation, sympathetic or parasympathetic, is to control smooth muscle contraction, regulate cardiac muscle, or stimulate or inhibit glandular secretion [Wikipedia]. The parasympathetic nervous system is one of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous system. Parasympathetic nerves emerge cranially as pre ganglionic fibers from oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus and from the sacral region of the spinal cord. Most neurons are cholinergic and responses are mediated by muscarinic receptors. The parasympathetic system innervates, for example: salivary glands, thoracic and abdominal viscera, bladder and genitalia [GO]." [Wikipedia:Parasympathetic_nervous_system] comment: Development notes: has developmental contribution from NC in verteberates (UBERONREF:0000002) subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "parasympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system" EXACT [] synonym: "pars parasympathica divisionis autonomici systematis nervosi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9907, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars parasympathica divisionis autonomici systematis nervosi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Parasympathetic_nervous_system] synonym: "PNS - parasympathetic" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010488 xref: BTO:0001833 xref: EFO:0000894 xref: EHDA:10096 xref: EHDAA2:0001402 xref: EHDAA:4655 xref: EMAPA:17270 xref: FMA:9907 xref: GAID:708 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Gray839.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Gray839.png/200px-Gray839.png xref: MA:0000223 xref: MAT:0000101 xref: MESH:A08.800.050.600 xref: MIAA:0000101 xref: ncithesaurus:Parasympathetic_Nervous_System xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2517 xref: SCTID:362496006 xref: TAO:0001575 xref: UMLS:C0030510 xref: VHOG:0000755 xref: ZFA:0001575 is_a: UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Part of the autonomic nervous system which has opposing physiological effects of the sympathetic nervous system. Examples include decreasing the heart rate or dilating the blood vessels.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010488", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In mammals, the autonomic nervous system is divided into two contrasting, antagonistic systems of control over visceral activity: the sympathetic system and the parasympathetic system (reference 1); In general, the teleosts may be considered phylogenetically the first class of vertebrates in which the heart is regulated by both sympathetic and parasympathetic neural pathways (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000755", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.634, DOI:10.1016/S0306-4530(98)00057-2 Porges SW, Love: an emergent property of the mammalian autonomic nervous system. Psychoneuroendocrinology (1998)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000012 name: somatic nervous system namespace: uberon def: "The part of the peripheral nervous system consisting of efferent nerves responsible for stimulating muscle contraction, including all the neurons connected with skeletal muscles, skin, and sense organs[WP, modified]." [Wikipedia:Somatic_nervous_system] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "PNS - somatic" EXACT [] synonym: "somatic nervous system, somatic division" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100301] synonym: "somatic peripheral nervous system" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100301] xref: EFO:0000892 xref: EFO:0000898 xref: FMA:9904 xref: MA:0002850 xref: MAT:0000099 xref: MAT:0000342 xref: MIAA:0000099 xref: MIAA:0000342 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100301 xref: WBbt:0005760 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0000013 name: sympathetic nervous system namespace: uberon def: "The Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) is a branch of the autonomic nervous system along with the enteric nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system. It is always active at a basal level (called sympathetic tone) and becomes more active during times of stress. Its actions during the stress response comprise the fight-or-flight response [Wikipedia]. The sympathetic nervous system is one of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous system (the other being the parasympathetic nervous system). The sympathetic preganglionic neurons have their cell bodies in the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord and connect to the paravertebral chain of sympathetic ganglia. Innervate heart and blood vessels, sweat glands, viscera and the adrenal medulla. Most sympathetic neurons, but not all, use noradrenaline as a post-ganglionic neurotransmitter [GO]." [Wikipedia:Sympathetic_nervous_system] comment: Development notes: has developmental contribution from NC in verteberates (UBERONREF:0000002) subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "pars sympathica divisionis autonomici systematis nervosi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9906, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars sympathica divisionis autonomici systematis nervosi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sympathetic_nervous_system] synonym: "sympathetic nervous system" EXACT [] synonym: "sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010487 xref: BTO:0001832 xref: EFO:0000893 xref: EHDAA2:0001971 xref: EHDAA:3769 xref: EMAPA:16985 xref: FMA:9906 xref: GAID:710 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray838.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray838.png/200px-Gray838.png xref: MA:0000225 xref: MESH:A08.800.050.800 xref: MIAA:0000100 xref: ncithesaurus:Sympathetic_Nervous_System xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2516 xref: SCTID:362484004 xref: TAO:0001576 xref: UMLS:C0039044 xref: VHOG:0000384 xref: ZFA:0001576 is_a: UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Part of the autonomic nervous system which has opposing physiological effects of the parasympathetic nervous system. Examples include increasing the heart rate or constricting the blood vessels.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010487", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The part of the autonomic nervous system which chiefly contains adrenergic fibres and tends to control and reduce secretions, decrease the contractility and hence the tone of smooth muscles and provoke the contraction of blood vessels. Essentially, it consists of preganglionic fibres from the thoracic and upper lumbar parts of the spinal cord. These fibres, by means of delicate rami communicantes, cross over to ganglia sited in a pair of ganglionated cords on each side of the vertebral column or to more peripheral ganglia. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000384", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The autonomic nervous system is composed of three divisions: the sympathetic division, the parasympathetic division, and the enteric division. (...) In ray-finned teleost fishes, a sympathetic chain is present, and dual innervation of additional organs can be observed. A similar pattern can be found in amphibians (...). The evolution of the autonomic nervous system has been quite conservative, especially in the tetrapod lineage.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000384", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB and Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.461-463", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000044 name: dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon def: "ganglion on the dorsal root of each spinal nerve that is one of a series of ganglia lodging cell bodies of sensory neurons[BTO]. Trunk ganglion which is located adjacent to the spine on a dorsal root and contains the cell bodies of afferent sensory nerves[..]. one on the posterior root of each spinal nerve, composed of unipolar nerve cell bodies of the sensory neurons of the nerve[TFD]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_root_ganglion] comment: Development notes: The sensory ganglia of spinal nerves arise only from the neural crest, whereas many sensory ganglia of the dorsal cranial nerves arise from epibranchial placodes as well as the neural crest[doi: 10.1093/icb/icn065]. Other ontology notes: FMA treats dorsal root ganglion and spinal ganglion as equivalent labels. MA is the only ontology to introduce two classes here (also EHDAA2) subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dorsal root ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [BTO:0001264] synonym: "DRG" RELATED [] synonym: "ganglion of dorsal root" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ganglion sensorium nervi spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsal_root_ganglion] synonym: "ganglion sensorium nervi spinalis" RELATED [BTO:0001264] synonym: "ganglion spinale" RELATED [BTO:0001264] synonym: "ganglion spinalis" EXACT [FMA:5888] synonym: "spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:5888] xref: AAO:0011032 xref: BTO:0001264 xref: EFO:0000900 xref: EHDAA2:0000418 xref: EHDAA2:0001897 xref: EHDAA:2899 xref: EMAPA:16668 xref: EMAPA:18372 xref: EV:0100373 xref: FMA:5888 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/DRG_Chicken_e7.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/DRG_Chicken_e7.jpg/200px-DRG_Chicken_e7.jpg xref: MA:0000231 xref: MA:0000232 xref: MAT:0000162 xref: MIAA:0000162 xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Root_Ganglion xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2596 xref: SCTID:244455004 xref: TAO:0000200 xref: UMLS:C0017070 xref: VHOG:0000222 xref: XAO:0000210 xref: ZFA:0000200 is_a: UBERON:0001800 {source="MA"} ! sensory ganglion is_a: UBERON:0003338 {is_inferred="true"} ! ganglion of peripheral nervous system intersection_of: UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002261 ! dorsal root of spinal cord property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Trunk ganglion which is located adjacent to the spine on a dorsal root and contains the cell bodies of afferent sensory nerves.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000200", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "From comparative analyses of craniate brains, a morphotype of the brain in the earliest craniate stock can be constructed. In marked contrast to cephalochordates, the ancestral craniate morphotype had a plethora of unique features, which included a telencephalon with pallial and subpallial parts, paired olfactory bulbs with substantial projections to most or all of the telencephalic pallium, paired lateral eyes and ears, a lateral line system for both electroreception and mechanoreception, spinal cord dorsal root ganglia, and an autonomic nervous system.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000222", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1002/1097-0185(20000615)261:3<111::AID-AR6>3.0.CO;2-F Butler AB, Chordate evolution and the origin of craniates: An old brain in a new head. AnaT Rec (New Anat) (2000)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000045 name: ganglion namespace: uberon def: "A biological tissue mass, most commonly a mass of nerve cell bodies." [Wikipedia:Ganglion] comment: TODO - check vert vs invert. Other species: Any of a number of aggregations of neurons, glial cells and their processes, surrounded by a glial cell and connective tissue sheath (plural: ganglia). // Subdivision of neural tree (organ) which primarily consists of cell bodies of neurons located outside the neuraxis (brain and spinal cord); together with a nucleus and its associated nerve, it constitutes a neural tree (organ). Examples: spinal ganglion, trigeminal ganglion, superior cervical ganglion, celiac ganglion, inferior hypogastric (pelvic) ganglion. // a cluster of nerve cells and associated glial cells (nuclear location) // Portion of tissue that contains cell bodies of neurons and is located outside the central nervous system. // Structures containing a collection of nerve cell bodies. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com). subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ganglia" RELATED [] synonym: "neural ganglion" RELATED [BTO:0000497] xref: AAO:0010426 xref: AEO:0000135 xref: BTO:0000497 xref: EFO:0000899 xref: EHDAA2:0003135 xref: EHDAA:2897 xref: EHDAA:4662 xref: EHDAA:5621 xref: EHDAA:918 xref: EV:0100372 xref: FBbt:00005137 xref: FMA:5884 xref: MA:0002406 xref: MAT:0000207 xref: MAT:0000343 xref: MESH:A08.340 xref: MIAA:0000207 xref: MIAA:0000343 xref: ncithesaurus:Ganglion xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100302 xref: TAO:0000190 xref: TGMA:0001016 xref: UMLS:C0017067 xref: VHOG:0000156 xref: WBbt:0005189 xref: XAO:0000209 xref: ZFA:0000190 is_a: UBERON:0003714 {source="EHDAA2"} ! neural tissue disjoint_from: UBERON:0002420 {inconsistent_with="BTO"} ! basal ganglion relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Portion of tissue that contains cell bodies of neurons and is located outside the central nervous system.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010426", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Structures containing a collection of nerve cell bodies. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000190", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "Cranial sensory placodes are focused areas of the head ectoderm of vertebrates that contribute to the development of the cranial sense organs and their associated ganglia. Placodes have long been considered a key character of vertebrates, and their evolution is proposed to have been essential for the evolution of an active predatory lifestyle by early vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000156", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.ydbio.2005.02.021 Mazet F, Hutt JA, Milloz J, Millard J, Graham A, Shimeld SM, Molecular evidence from Ciona intestinalis for the evolutionary origin of vertebrate sensory placodes. Developmental Biology (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "ganglionic" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0000052 name: fornix of brain namespace: uberon def: "The fornix (Latin, 'vault' or 'arch') is a C-shaped bundle of fibres in the brain, and carries signals from the hippocampus to the mammillary bodies and septal nuclei. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vaginal_fornix_of_brain_of_brain] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "brain fornix" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebral fornix" EXACT [] synonym: "fornix" BROAD [] synonym: "fornix of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:83865] synonym: "neuraxis fornix" EXACT [FMA:83865] xref: FMA:83865 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Gray747.png/200px-Gray747.png xref: MA:0002747 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Fornix xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_705 xref: SCTID:279302004 xref: UMLS:C0458370 is_a: UBERON:0002437 ! cerebral white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0000061 name: anatomical structure namespace: uberon def: "Material anatomical entity that has inherent 3D shape and is generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome." [CARO:0000003] subset: upper_level synonym: "biological structure" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010825 xref: AEO:0000003 xref: BILA:0000003 xref: CARO:0000003 xref: EHDAA2:0003003 xref: FBbt:00007001 xref: FMA:67135 xref: GAID:781 xref: HAO:0000003 xref: MA:0003000 xref: MESH:A13 xref: SCTID:362889002 xref: TAO:0000037 xref: TGMA:0001823 xref: VHOG:0001759 xref: XAO:0003000 xref: ZFA:0000037 is_a: UBERON:0000465 ! material anatomical entity [Term] id: UBERON:0000073 name: regional part of nervous system namespace: uberon def: "An anatomical structure that is part of a nervous system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative subset: upper_level synonym: "part of nervous system" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1157] xref: ncithesaurus:Nervous_System_Part xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1157 xref: SCTID:25087005 xref: UMLS:C1518256 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure created_by: Melissa Haendel creation_date: 2009-06-18T09:00:04Z [Term] id: UBERON:0000122 name: neuron projection bundle namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0005163 def: "A fasciculated bundle of neuron projections (GO:0043005), largely or completely lacking synapses." [CARO:0001001, FBbt:00005099, FBC:DOS] synonym: "funiculus" EXACT [] synonym: "nerve fiber bundle" EXACT [FBbt:00005099] synonym: "neural fiber bundle" EXACT [] xref: CARO:0001001 xref: FBbt:00005099 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0000125 name: neural nucleus namespace: uberon def: "Anatomical structure consisting of a discrete aggregate of neuronal soma[GO]." [GO:0048857, GO_REF:0000021, Wikipedia:Nucleus_(neuroanatomy)] comment: do not include NIF_Subcellular:sao1702920020 Nucleus. Proposed CUMBO def from MM: A subcortical part of the nervous system consisting of a relatively compact group of cells that is distinguishable histologically that share a commonality of cytoarchitecture, chemoarchitecturel and connectivity. (comments: I put in "subcortical" because I don't think we consider either the cerebellar cortex or cerebral cortex to be nuclei. Some people distinguish between a nucleus and a laminar structure (see Wikipedia definition). However, there are structures identified as nuclei that are laminar, e.g., lateral geniculate nucleus, although they are not laminated in all species. Also, I put in "relatively compact" and "distiguishable by histology" because we have groups of cells, e.g., cholinergic cell groups, doparminergic cell groups that are related on the 3 criteria but which we don't tend to consider nuclei because they don't occupy an easily defined territory. But all is open to debate. synonym: "neuraxis nucleus" EXACT [FMA:83686] synonym: "neuronal nucleus" EXACT [AEO:0000136] synonym: "nucleus" BROAD [] synonym: "nucleus of neuraxis" RELATED [] xref: AEO:0000136 xref: FMA:83686 is_a: UBERON:0000073 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0000126 name: cranial nerve nucleus namespace: uberon def: "collection of neurons (gray matter) in the brain stem that is associated with one or more cranial nerves." [Wikipedia:Cranial_nerve_nucleus] synonym: "cranial neural nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54501] synonym: "nucleus nervi cranialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cranial_nerve_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus of cranial nerve" EXACT [] xref: FMA:54501 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray696.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray696.png/200px-Gray696.png xref: SCTID:280160003 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0000127 name: facial nucleus namespace: uberon comment: FMA has 3 subclasses - left, right and motor nucleus of facial nerve, but no defs. It's not clear how facial nucleus is distinct from facial motor nucleus. synonym: "facial nerve nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "facial VII motor nucleus" RELATED [MA:0001014] synonym: "facial VII nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001014] synonym: "nucleus of facial nerve" EXACT [FMA:54572] xref: BM:Pons-VII xref: EHDAA2:0004638 xref: EV:0100267 xref: FMA:54572 xref: MA:0001014 xref: ncithesaurus:Facial_Nerve_Nucleus xref: SCTID:280166009 xref: UMLS:C0228740 xref: VHOG:0001412 is_a: UBERON:0000126 ! cranial nerve nucleus is_a: UBERON:0002680 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 {is_inferred="true"} ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010123 {evidence="definitional"} ! future facial nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons [Term] id: UBERON:0000128 name: olivary body namespace: uberon def: "prominent oval structure in the medulla oblongata, present in pairs, the lower portion of the brainstem. They contain the olivary nuclei" [Wikipedia:Olivary_body] synonym: "oliva" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Olivary_body] synonym: "olive" RELATED [] synonym: "olive body" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0002299 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Gray679.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Gray679.png/200px-Gray679.png xref: SCTID:279293003 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0000200 name: gyrus namespace: uberon def: "A ridge, generally surrounded by one or more sulci." [Wikipedia:Gyrus] synonym: "cerebral gyrus" EXACT [BTO:0002495] synonym: "gyri" RELATED PLURAL [BTO:0002495] synonym: "gyri of cerebrum" RELATED PLURAL [BTO:0002495] synonym: "gyrus of cerebrum" RELATED [BTO:0002495] synonym: "gyrus of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:83874] synonym: "neuraxis gyrus" EXACT [FMA:83874] xref: BTO:0002495 xref: FMA:83874 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Gyrus xref: SCTID:279165009 xref: UMLS:C0458308 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0000203 name: pallium namespace: uberon def: "Dorsal part (roof region) of the telencephalon[GO]." [GO:0021543, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3535324&group_id=76834&atid=994726, ISBN10:0471888893, Wikipedia:Pallium_(neuroanatomy)] comment: Taxon notes: In humans the cerebrum has three parts: the archipallium, the paleopallium and the neopallium. The developing telencephalon or forebrain is divided into pallium and subpallium. In amphibians, the cerebrum includes archipallium, paleopallium and some of the basal nuclei. Reptiles first developed a neopallium, which continued to develop in the brains of more recent species to become the neocortex of humans and Old World monkeys. In fish, the archipallium is the largest part of the cerebrum. Some researchers suggest the early archipallium gave rise to the human hippocampus[WP] subset: developmental_classification synonym: "area dorsalis telencephali" EXACT [ZFA:0000505] synonym: "dorsal part of telencephalon" EXACT [ISBN10:0471888893] synonym: "dorsal telencephalic area" EXACT [ZFA:0000505] synonym: "dorsal telencephalon" EXACT [ZFA:0000505] xref: EFO:0003534 xref: SCTID:369224000 xref: TAO:0000505 xref: TAO:0007007 xref: ZFA:0000505 is_a: UBERON:0002020 {source="ZFA"} ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0011300 {is_inferred="true"} ! gray matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The mantle of gray matter forming the cerebral cortex. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/pallium[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0007007", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} created_by: cjm creation_date: 2009-04-18T12:03:09Z [Term] id: UBERON:0000204 name: ventral part of telencephalon namespace: uberon def: "Dorsal part (base region) of the telencephalon." [GO:0021544, GO_REF:0000021, ISBN10:0471888893, PMID:12626695] comment: AO notes: BTO term refers specifically to the avian structure subset: developmental_classification synonym: "area ventralis telencephali" EXACT [ZFA:0000304] synonym: "subpallium" EXACT [GO:0021544, ZFA:0000304] synonym: "subpallium" NARROW [BTO:0003401] synonym: "ventral telencephalon" EXACT [ZFA:0000304] xref: BTO:0003401 xref: EFO:0003522 xref: TAO:0000304 xref: ZFA:0000304 is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000203 ! pallium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon created_by: cjm creation_date: 2009-04-18T12:12:27Z [Term] id: UBERON:0000322 name: cerebral lobe namespace: uberon comment: set/singular synonym: "Cerebral lobes" EXACT [FMA:77800] synonym: "Cerebral lobes set" EXACT [FMA:77800] synonym: "lobi cerebri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77800, FMA:TA] synonym: "set of cerebral lobes" RELATED [FMA:77800] xref: BTO:0000445 xref: FMA:77800 xref: SCTID:272632001 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0000348 name: ophthalmic nerve namespace: uberon def: "the sensory nerve subdivision of the trigeminal nerve that transmits sensory information from the orbit and its contents, the nasal cavity and the skin of the nose and forehead." [MP:0009798, Wikipedia:Wikipedia\:Ophthalmic_nerve] comment: Taxon notes. See: http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryPo.html synonym: "ciliary nerve" RELATED [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryPo.html] synonym: "ethmoidal nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ophthalmic_nerve] synonym: "first division of fifth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:52621] synonym: "first division of trigeminal nerve" EXACT [FMA:52621] synonym: "nervus ophthalmicus (V1)" EXACT [FMA:52621] synonym: "nervus ophthalmicus (Va)" EXACT [FMA:52621] synonym: "nervus ophthalmicus [v1]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52621, FMA:TA] synonym: "nervus ophthalmicus [va]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52621, FMA:TA] synonym: "ophthalmic division" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ophthalmic_nerve] synonym: "ophthalmic division" RELATED [BTO:0000926] synonym: "ophthalmic division [V1]" EXACT [FMA:52621] synonym: "ophthalmic division [Va]" EXACT [FMA:52621] synonym: "ophthalmic division of fifth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:52621] synonym: "ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve (V1)" EXACT [FMA:52621] synonym: "ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve (Va)" EXACT [FMA:52621] synonym: "ophthalmic nerve [V1]" EXACT [FMA:52621] synonym: "ophthalmic nerve [Va]" EXACT [FMA:52621] synonym: "opthalmic nerve" EXACT [Wikipedia:Ophthalmic_nerve] synonym: "profundus nerve" RELATED [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryPo.html] synonym: "ramus opthalmicus profundus (ramus V1)" EXACT [AAO:0010648] synonym: "trigeminal V nerve ophthalmic division" EXACT [MA:0001104] xref: AAO:0010648 xref: BTO:0000926 xref: EHDAA2:0002088 xref: EHDAA:3744 xref: EMAPA:17800 xref: FMA:52621 xref: GAID:837 xref: MA:0001104 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.760.650 xref: ncithesaurus:Ophthalmic_Nerve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwEs_K5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:280210000 xref: UMLS:C0029082 xref: VHOG:0001349 is_a: UBERON:0002003 {source="ncithesaurus"} ! peripheral nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001645 {source="FMA"} ! trigeminal nerve property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Sensory medial ramus of the trigeminal nerve.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010648", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The profundus nerve is a distinct nerve only in fishes. (...) In mammals, the profundus nerve is the same as the most rostral (ophthalmic) branch of the trigeminal nerve.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001349", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB and Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.177", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000349 name: limbic system namespace: uberon def: "A set of midline structures surrounding the brainstem of the mammalian brain, originally described anatomically, e.g., hippocampal formation, amygdala, hypothalamus, cingulate cortex. Although the original designation was anatomical, the limbic system has come to be associated with the system in the brain subserving emotional functions. As such, it is very poorly defined and doesn't correspond closely to the anatomical meaning any longer. [BirnLex]. including the hippocampus, amygdala, anterior thalamic nuclei, and limbic cortex, which support a variety of functions including emotion, behavior, long term memory, and olfaction [Wikipedia]." [BIRNLEX:Limbic_system, Wikipedia:Limbic_system] comment: obsoletion recommended. The current part_of children were chosen as the intersection of what is stated in wikipedia and in the FMA. NIF: We are including Limbic System because it is still used by neuroscientists and others, but as a data annotation term, it is very poor because it is not a clearly defined entity. xref: BTO:0000928 xref: FMA:242000 xref: GAID:615 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Brain_limbicsystem.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Brain_limbicsystem.jpg/200px-Brain_limbicsystem.jpg xref: MESH:A08.186.211.577 xref: ncithesaurus:Limbic_System xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwAeba5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361342009 xref: UMLS:C0023715 is_a: UBERON:0000467 {source="GO"} ! anatomical system is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain [Term] id: UBERON:0000369 name: corpus striatum namespace: uberon def: "The corpus striatum (striated body) is a compound structure consisting of the caudate nucleus and the lentiform nucleus, which consists of the putamen and the globus pallidus[WP]." [Wikipedia:Corpus_striatum] comment: The term has been used in a few different ways: * It is a pair of nuclear masses which form the basal ganglia, along with the subthalamic nucleus and the substantia nigra. * It may also refer to both the basal ganglia and internal capsule collectively.[2] * According to the 1917 version of Gray's Anatomy, it is the combination of the lentiform nucleus (also known as the lenticular nucleus) and the caudate nucleus * According to BrainInfo it is a part of the basal ganglia comprising the globus pallidus and striatum synonym: "striate body" RELATED [BTO:0001311] synonym: "striated body" RELATED [BTO:0001311] xref: BTO:0001311 xref: CALOHA:TS-0183 xref: EFO:0000381 xref: EMAPA:17549 xref: EV:0100184 xref: FMA:77616 xref: GAID:667 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Gray656.png/200px-Gray656.png xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.105.487 xref: ncithesaurus:Corpus_Striatum xref: SCTID:279318005 xref: UMLS:C0010097 xref: VHOG:0001175 is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002420 {source="MA"} ! basal ganglion property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "Thus, certain telencephalic characters - such as the presence of a pallium divided into lateral, dorsal, and medial formations and a subpallium divided into striatum and septum - appear to characterize all vertebrates. They are primitive characters and are homologous among all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001175", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1146/annurev.ne.04.030181.001505, ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.487 Figure 14-10", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000373 name: tapetum of corpus callosum namespace: uberon def: "On either side of the corpus collosum, the fibers radiate in the white substance and pass to the various parts of the cerebral cortex; those curving forward from the genu into the frontal lobe constitute the forceps anterior, and those curving backward into the occipital lobe, the forceps posterior. Between these two parts is the main body of the fibers which constitute the tapetum and extend laterally on either side into the temporal lobe, and cover in the central part of the lateral ventricle. [Wikipedia via Greys]" [Wikipedia:Tapetum_of_corpus_callosum] comment: not to be confused with BTO:0001350 or GO:0048655-tapetal layer morphogenesis synonym: "tapetum" BROAD INCONSISTENT [FMA:77208] synonym: "tapetum corporis callosi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tapetum_of_corpus_callosum] xref: FMA:77208 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Gray733.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Gray733.png/200px-Gray733.png xref: SCTID:279312006 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0000375 name: mandibular nerve namespace: uberon def: "the motor and sensory nerve subdivision of the trigeminal nerve that transmits sensory information from the auricle, the external acoustic meatus, tympanic membrane, temporal region, the cheek, the skin overlying the mandible, the anterior portion of the tongue, the floor of the mouth, lower teeth and gingiva and transmits motor information from the muscles of mastication, the mylohyoid muscle and digastric muscle and the muscles tensor tympani and tensor veli palatini." [MP:0009800, Wikipedia:Mandibular_nerve] synonym: "inferior maxillary nerve" EXACT [FMA:52996] synonym: "mandibular division [V3]" EXACT [FMA:52996] synonym: "mandibular division [Vc]" EXACT [FMA:52996] synonym: "mandibular division of fifth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:52996] synonym: "mandibular division of trigeminal nerve [Vc; V3]" EXACT [FMA:52996] synonym: "mandibular nerve [V3]" EXACT [FMA:52996] synonym: "mandibular nerve [Vc]" EXACT [FMA:52996] synonym: "n. mandibularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mandibular_nerve] synonym: "nervus mandibularis" RELATED [BTO:0001375] synonym: "nervus mandibularis [v3]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52996, FMA:TA] synonym: "nervus mandibularis [Vc; V3]" EXACT [FMA:52996] synonym: "nervus mandibularis [vc]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52996, FMA:TA] synonym: "ramus mandibularis (ramus V3)" EXACT [AAO:0010688] synonym: "third division of fifth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:52996] synonym: "third division of trigeminal nerve" EXACT [FMA:52996] synonym: "trigeminal V nerve mandibular division" EXACT [MA:0001101] xref: AAO:0010688 xref: AAO:0010703 xref: BTO:0001375 xref: EHDAA2:0002086 xref: FMA:52996 xref: GAID:834 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray781.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray781.png/200px-Gray781.png xref: MA:0001101 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.760.500 xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Maxillary_Nerve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvcQKSpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:280212008 xref: UMLS:C0024695 xref: VHOG:0001345 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve is_a: UBERON:0004732 {is_inferred="true"} ! segmental subdivision of nervous system relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001645 ! trigeminal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0000377 name: maxillary nerve namespace: uberon def: "the sensory nerve subdivision of the trigeminal nerve that transmits sensory information from the palate, upper teeth and gingiva, the skin between the palpebral fissure and the mouth, and from the nasal cavity and maxillary sinuses." [MP:0009799, Wikipedia:Maxillary_nerve] synonym: "maxillary division [V2]" EXACT [FMA:52724] synonym: "maxillary division [Vb]" EXACT [FMA:52724] synonym: "maxillary division of fifth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:52724] synonym: "maxillary division of trigeminal nerve (Vb; V2)" EXACT [FMA:52724] synonym: "maxillary nerve [V2]" EXACT [FMA:52724] synonym: "maxillary nerve [Vb]" EXACT [FMA:52724] synonym: "n. maxillaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Maxillary_nerve] synonym: "nervus maxillaris" RELATED [BTO:0001378] synonym: "nervus maxillaris (Vb; V2)" EXACT [FMA:52724] synonym: "nervus maxillaris [v2]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52724, FMA:TA] synonym: "nervus maxillaris [vb]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52724, FMA:TA] synonym: "ramus maxillaris (ramus V2)" EXACT [AAO:0010670] synonym: "second division of fifth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:52724] synonym: "second division of trigeminal nerve" EXACT [FMA:52724] synonym: "trigeminal V nerve maxillary division" EXACT [MA:0001103] xref: AAO:0010670 xref: BTO:0001378 xref: EHDAA2:0002087 xref: FMA:52724 xref: GAID:836 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Gray779.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Gray779.png/200px-Gray779.png xref: MA:0001103 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.760.550 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvWNU9JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:280211001 xref: VHOG:0001346 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001645 ! trigeminal nerve property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Medial ramus (sensory) of the trigeminal nerve.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010670", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: part_of trunk maxillary-mandibularis (AAO:0010669)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010670", ontology="AAO"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000391 name: leptomeninx namespace: uberon def: "pia mater or arachnoid mater." [Wikipedia:Leptomeninges] comment: AO notes: in FMA/NIF this is a superclass of PM/AM - in BTO it is the mereological sum. We go with superclass here, as we are naming the class in the singular. Editor notes: check relationship to secondary meninx subset: organ_slim synonym: "arachnoidea mater et pia mater" RELATED [BTO:0001634] synonym: "leptomeninges" EXACT PLURAL [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090207] synonym: "pia-arachnoid" RELATED [BTO:0001634] xref: BTO:0001634 xref: FMA:231515 xref: ncithesaurus:Leptomeninges xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090207 xref: SCTID:362303006 xref: UMLS:C0228126 is_a: UBERON:0002360 ! meninx [Term] id: UBERON:0000395 name: cochlear ganglion namespace: uberon def: "group of nerve cells that serve the sense of hearing by sending a representation of sound from the cochlea to the brain. The cell bodies of the spiral ganglion neurons are found in the spiral structure of the cochlea[WP]. the group of nerve cell bodies that conveys auditory sensation from the organ of Corti to the hindbrain and resides on the cochlear part of the vestibulocochlear nerve (eighth cranial nerve)[MP]." [MP:0002855, Wikipedia:Spiral_ganglion] comment: Editor notes: in BTO this is part of the cochlear modiolus, but this leads to the CG being in both the nervous and skeletal systems synonym: "Corti's ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53445] synonym: "ganglion cochlearis" RELATED [BTO:0001688] synonym: "ganglion of Corti" EXACT [FMA:53445] synonym: "ganglion spirale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Spiral_ganglion] synonym: "ganglion spirale cochleae" RELATED [BTO:0001688] synonym: "spiral ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53445] synonym: "spiral ganglion of cochlea" RELATED [BTO:0001688] synonym: "vestibulocochlear VIII ganglion cochlear component" EXACT [MA:0001085] xref: BTO:0001688 xref: EHDAA2:0002198 xref: FMA:53445 xref: GAID:722 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Gray903.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Gray903.png/200px-Gray903.png xref: MA:0001085 xref: MESH:A08.340.390.800 xref: SCTID:368955007 xref: VHOG:0001183 is_a: UBERON:0001714 {source="FMA"} ! cranial ganglion relationship: part_of UBERON:0002827 {source="MA"} ! auditory ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0000407 name: sympathetic trunk namespace: uberon def: "One of a a paired bundle of nerve fibers that run from the base of the skull to the coccyx." [Wikipedia:Sympathetic_trunk] synonym: "gangliated cord" EXACT [Wikipedia:Sympathetic_trunk] synonym: "sympathetic chain" EXACT [FMA:6258] synonym: "sympathetic ganglionic chain" EXACT [Wikipedia:Sympathetic_trunk] synonym: "truncus sympathicus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sympathetic_trunk] xref: AAO:0010791 xref: BTO:0001834 xref: EV:0100374 xref: FMA:6258 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray847.png xref: SCTID:181099004 xref: XAO:0000211 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0000013 {source="FMA-abduced-lr"} ! sympathetic nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0000408 name: vertebral ganglion namespace: uberon synonym: "Intermediate ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6572] xref: BTO:0001835 xref: FMA:6572 xref: SCTID:176596009 is_a: UBERON:0004732 {is_inferred="true"} ! segmental subdivision of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001991 ! cervical ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0000411 name: visual cortex namespace: uberon def: "Area of the occipital lobe concerned with vision." [MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.213.571.735] comment: Editor note: merge with primary visual cortex? FMA and BTO treat as distinct synonym: "striate cortex" RELATED [MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.213.571.735] synonym: "V1" RELATED [Wikipedia:Visual_cortex] xref: BTO:0001857 xref: EFO:0000916 xref: EV:0100171 xref: FMA:242644 xref: GAID:679 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Brodmann_areas_17_18_19.png/200px-Brodmann_areas_17_18_19.png xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.213.571.735 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002021 {source="BTO"} ! occipital lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0000429 name: enteric plexus namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0012372 def: "A plexus of autonomic nerve fibers within the wall of the digestive tube, and made up of the submucosal, myenteric, and subserosal plexuses; it contains visceral afferent fibers, sympathetic postganglionic fibers, parasympathetic preganglionic and postganglionic fibers, and parasympathetic postganglionic cell bodies." [BTO:0002437] synonym: "enteric nerve plexus" EXACT [FMA:77597] synonym: "intrinsic nerve plexus" EXACT [MA:0001147] synonym: "plexus entericus" EXACT [BTO:0002437] synonym: "plexus nervosus entericus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77597, FMA:TA] synonym: "sympathetic enteric nerve plexus" EXACT [FMA:77597] xref: BTO:0002437 xref: FMA:77597 xref: MA:0001147 is_a: UBERON:0001816 ! autonomic nerve plexus intersection_of: UBERON:0001810 ! nerve plexus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002005 ! enteric nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0000430 name: ventral intermediate nucleus of thalamus namespace: uberon def: "A nucleus medially located within the ventral nuclei of the thalamus." [BTO:0002469] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "intermediate thalamic nucleus" RELATED [TAO:0000370] synonym: "nucleus ventralis intermedius thalami" RELATED [BTO:0002469] xref: BTO:0002469 xref: EV:0100208 xref: FMA:84347 xref: TAO:0000370 xref: ZFA:0000370 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001900 {source="BTO-definition", source="ZFA"} ! subthalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0000431 name: ventral medial complex of thalamus namespace: uberon synonym: "nuclei ventrales mediales thalami" RELATED [BTO:0002470] synonym: "set of ventral medial nuclei of thalamus" RELATED [FMA:77795] synonym: "ventral medial complex of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:77795] synonym: "ventral medial nuclei of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:77795] xref: BTO:0002470 xref: FMA:77795 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0000432 name: endopeduncular nucleus namespace: uberon def: "A portion of the nucleus of ansa lenticularis located medial to the posterior limb of the internal capsule, along the course of the ansa lenticularis and the inferior thalamic peduncle or as a separate nucleus within the internal capsule adjacent to the medial GLOBUS PALLIDUS (NeuroNames, http://rprcsgi.rprc. washington.edu/neuronames/ (September 28, 1998)). In non-primates, the entopeduncular nucleus is analogous to both the medial globus pallidus and the entopeduncular nucleus of human." [MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.800.240] comment: The term entopeduncular nucleus in human neuroanatomy refers to a portion of the nucleus of the ansa lenticularis described variously as located medial to the posterior limb of the internal capsule ( Riley-1943 ), along the course of the ansa lenticularis and the inferior thalamic peduncle ( Crosby-1962 ), or as a separate nucleus within the internal capsule adjacent to the medial segment of the globus pallidus ( Nomina-1983 ).[NN] synonym: "entopeduncular nucleus" RELATED [] synonym: "nucleus endopeduncularis" RELATED [BTO:0002475] synonym: "nucleus entopeduncularis" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0002475 xref: FMA:77691 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.800.240 xref: SCTID:82705008 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0007692 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of thalamus is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0009641 {source="NN"} ! ansa lenticularis [Term] id: UBERON:0000433 name: posterior paraventricular nucleus of thalamus namespace: uberon synonym: "dorsal paraventricular nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:76961] synonym: "nucleus paraventricularis posterior thalami" RELATED [BTO:0002477] xref: BTO:0002477 xref: FMA:76961 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0000434 name: anterior paraventricular nucleus of thalamus namespace: uberon synonym: "nucleus paraventricularis anterior thalami" RELATED [BTO:0002478] synonym: "ventral paraventricular nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:76962] xref: BTO:0002478 xref: FMA:76962 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0000435 name: lateral tuberal nucleus namespace: uberon def: "Nerve cell nuclei situated ventrally in the intermediate hypothalamic region, mainly in the lateral hypothalamic area." [BTO:0002481] synonym: "Lateral tuberal hypothalamic nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62336] synonym: "lateral tuberal nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1206] synonym: "Lateral tuberal nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62336] synonym: "nuclei tuberales laterales" RELATED [BTO:0002481] xref: ABA:TU xref: BM:TU xref: BTO:0002481 xref: EV:0100240 xref: FMA:62336 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1206 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002785 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of lateral hypothalamic region is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0006568 {is_inferred="true"} ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002430 ! lateral hypothalamic area [Term] id: UBERON:0000437 name: arachnoid barrier layer namespace: uberon def: "The arachnoid barrier layer is a part of the arachnoid meningeal layer. It is formed by tight junctions between the endothelial cells of cerebral capillaries in the arachnoid mater." [BTO:0002498] xref: BTO:0002498 xref: FMA:231559 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002362 {source="FMA"} ! arachnoid mater [Term] id: UBERON:0000439 name: arachnoid trabecula namespace: uberon def: "a small, often microscopic, tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod, generally having a mechanical function, and usually but not necessarily composed of dense collagenous tissue." [GO:0060343] synonym: "trabecula arachnoideum" RELATED LATIN [] xref: BTO:0002500 xref: FMA:83979 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002362 ! arachnoid mater [Term] id: UBERON:0000445 name: habenular trigone namespace: uberon def: "The habenular trigone is a small depressed triangular area situated in front of the superior colliculus and on the lateral aspect of the posterior part of the taenia thalami. It contains a group of nerve cells termed the ganglion habenulC&. Fibers enter it from the stalk of the pineal body, and others, forming what is termed the habenular commissure, pass across the middle line to the corresponding ganglion of the opposite side. Most of its fibers are, however, directed downward and form a bundle, the fasciculus retroflexus of Meynert, which passes medial to the red nucleus, and, after decussating with the corresponding fasciculus of the opposite side, ends in the interpeduncular ganglion." [Wikipedia:Habenular_trigone] comment: superclass in BTO is thalamic nucleus, not present in most ontologies synonym: "trigone of habenulae" RELATED [BTO:0002700] synonym: "trigonum habenulae" RELATED [BTO:0002700] synonym: "trigonum habenulae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Habenular_trigone] xref: BTO:0002700 xref: FMA:74868 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001904 ! habenula [Term] id: UBERON:0000446 name: septum of telencephalon namespace: uberon def: "Subdivision of the telencephalon on the midline between the lateral ventricles which contains the septum pellucidum and the septal nuclei[FMA]." [FMA:61842] synonym: "area septalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61842, FMA:TA] synonym: "septal area" EXACT [FMA:61842] synonym: "septum" BROAD [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_963] synonym: "septum (NN)" EXACT [FMA:61842] synonym: "telencephalon septum" EXACT [FMA:61842] xref: BTO:0002705 xref: FMA:61842 xref: MA:0000924 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.577.750 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_963 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0000451 name: prefrontal cortex namespace: uberon def: "The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is the anterior part of the frontal lobes of the brain, lying in front of the motor and premotor areas. This brain region has been implicated in planning complex cognitive behaviors, personality expression, decision making and moderating correct social behavior. The basic activity of this brain region is considered to be orchestration of thoughts and actions in accordance with internal goals. The most typical psychological term for functions carried out by the pre-frontal cortex area is executive function. Executive function relates to abilities to differentiate among conflicting thoughts, determine good and bad, better and best, same and different, future consequences of current activities, working toward a defined goal, prediction of outcomes, expectation based on actions, and social 'control' (the ability to suppress urges that, if not suppressed, could lead to socially-unacceptable outcomes). Many authors have indicated an integral link between a person's personality and the functions of the prefrontal cortex. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Prefrontal_cortex] comment: TODO - check MA synonym: "frontal association cortex" RELATED ATTRIBUTION_REQUIRED [MA:0000906] synonym: "prefrontal association complex" RELATED [BTO:0002807] synonym: "prefrontal association cortex" EXACT [FMA:224850] xref: BTO:0002807 xref: EFO:0001384 xref: FMA:224850 xref: GAID:676 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Gray726-Brodman-prefrontal.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Gray726-Brodman-prefrontal.svg/200px-Gray726-Brodman-prefrontal.svg.png xref: MA:0000906 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.213.270.700 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090801 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001870 ! frontal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0000465 name: material anatomical entity namespace: uberon def: "Anatomical entity that has mass." [CARO:MAH] subset: upper_level xref: AAO:0010264 xref: AEO:0000006 xref: BILA:0000006 xref: CARO:0000006 xref: EHDAA2:0003006 xref: FBbt:00007016 xref: FMA:67165 xref: HAO:0000006 xref: TAO:0001836 xref: TGMA:0001826 xref: VHOG:0001721 is_a: UBERON:0001062 ! anatomical entity [Term] id: UBERON:0000467 name: anatomical system namespace: uberon def: "Anatomical group that is has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity[CARO]. A group of organs that work together to perform a certain task [Wikipedia]." [CARO:0000011, CARO:MAH, Wikipedia:Organ_system] subset: uberon_slim subset: upper_level synonym: "body system" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_14] synonym: "organ system" EXACT [] synonym: "system" BROAD [GO:0048731] xref: AAO:0000007 xref: AEO:0000011 xref: BILA:0000011 xref: CARO:0000011 xref: EHDAA2:0001330 xref: EHDAA2:0003011 xref: EHDAA:392 xref: EMAPA:16103 xref: EV:0100000 xref: FBbt:00004856 xref: FMA:7149 xref: galen:AnatomicalSystem xref: HAO:0000011 xref: MA:0000003 xref: ncithesaurus:Organ_System xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_14 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rCWM0QCtDEdyAAADggVbxzQ xref: SCTID:278195005 xref: TAO:0001439 xref: TGMA:0001831 xref: UMLS:C0460002 xref: VHOG:0001725 xref: WBbt:0005746 xref: XAO:0003002 xref: ZFA:0001439 is_a: UBERON:0000480 ! anatomical group property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Anatomical group that has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001439", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Anatomical group that is has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000007", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Anatomical group that is has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity.[CARO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="CARO:0000011", ontology="CARO", source="CARO:MAH", source="FMA:7149"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000480 name: anatomical group namespace: uberon def: "Anatomical structure consisting of at least two non-overlapping organs, multi-tissue aggregates or portion of tissues or cells of different types that does not constitute an organism, organ, multi-tissue aggregate, or portion of tissue." [CARO:0000054, CARO:MAH] subset: upper_level xref: AAO:0010008 xref: AEO:0000054 xref: BILA:0000054 xref: CARO:0000054 xref: EHDAA2:0003054 xref: HAO:0000054 xref: TAO:0001512 xref: TGMA:0001846 xref: VHOG:0001724 xref: XAO:0003001 xref: ZFA:0001512 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0000908 name: hippocampal commissure namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:Commissure-MA_0002723 def: "The lateral portions of the body of the fornix are joined by a thin triangular lamina, named the psalterium (lyra). This lamina contains some transverse fibers that connect the two hippocampi across the middle line and constitute the commissure of fornix (hippocampal commissure)." [Wikipedia:Commissure_of_fornix] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "commissura hippocampi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61970, FMA:TA] synonym: "commissure of fornix" RELATED [Wikipedia:Commissure_of_fornix] synonym: "commissure of fornix of forebrain" EXACT [FMA:61970] synonym: "delta fornicis" EXACT [MP:0008221] synonym: "dorsal hippocampal commissure" EXACT [FMA:61970] synonym: "fornical commissure" EXACT [FMA:61970] synonym: "fornix commissure" EXACT [FMA:61970] synonym: "hippocampus commissure" EXACT [MP:0008221] xref: FMA:61970 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Gray747.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Gray747.png/200px-Gray747.png xref: MA:0002723 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_746 xref: SCTID:369115003 is_a: UBERON:0005340 ! dorsal telencephalic commissure is_a: UBERON:0005970 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain commissure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002316 ! white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002437 ! cerebral white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0000929 name: pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve namespace: uberon def: "Motor nerve of the pharynx, arises from the upper part of the ganglion nodosum, and consists principally of filaments from the cranial portion of the accessory nerve." [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_branch_of_vagus_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pharyngeal branch" EXACT [] synonym: "pharyngeal branch of inferior vagal ganglion" EXACT [] synonym: "pharyngeal branch of vagus" EXACT [FMA:6234] synonym: "pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "ramus pharyngealis nervi vagalis" EXACT [] synonym: "ramus pharyngeus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6234, FMA:TA] synonym: "ramus pharyngeus nervi vagi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_branch_of_vagus_nerve] synonym: "tenth cranial nerve pharyngeal branch" EXACT [] synonym: "vagal pharyngeal branch" EXACT [] synonym: "vagus nerve pharyngeal branch" EXACT [] xref: FMA:6234 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Gray791.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Gray791.png/200px-Gray791.png xref: SCTID:280298006 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0000934 name: ventral nerve cord namespace: uberon def: "The pair of closely united ventral longitudinal nerves with their segmental ganglia that is characteristic of many elongate invertebrates (as earthworms)[BTO]. A large process bundle that runs along the vental mid-line extending from the ventral region of the nerve ring[WB]. The ventral cord is one of the distinguishing traits of the central nervous system of all arthropods (such as insects, crustaceans and arachnids) as well as many other invertebrates, such as the annelid worms[GO]." [BTO:0002328, GO:0007419, WB:Paper00000938, Wikipedia:Ventral_nerve_cord] comment: The ventral nerve cords make up the nervous system of some phyla of the invertebrates, particularly within the nematodes, annelids and the arthropods. It usually consists of cerebral ganglia anteriorly with the nerve cords running down the ventral ('belly', as opposed to back) plane of the organism. This characteristic is important in qualifying the difference compared to the chordates, which have a dorsal nerve cord. Ventral nerve cords from anterior to posterior (the thoracic and abdominal tagma in the arthropods) are made up of segmented ganglia that are connected by a tract of nerve fibers passing from one side to the other of the nerve cord called commissures. The complete system bears some likeness to a rope ladder. In some animals the bilateral ganglia are fused into a single large ganglion per segment. This characteristic is found mostly in the insects. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ventral cord" EXACT [GO:0007419] xref: BTO:0002328 xref: EFO:0000896 xref: FBbt:00001102 xref: MAT:0000339 xref: MIAA:0000339 xref: WBbt:0005829 is_a: UBERON:0005053 ! nerve cord property_value: RO:0002161 NCBITaxon:7711 [Term] id: UBERON:0000935 name: anterior commissure namespace: uberon def: "bundle of nerve fibers (white matter), connecting the two cerebral hemispheres across the midline, and placed in front of the columns of the fornix. The great majority of fibers connecting the two hemispheres travel through the corpus callosum, which is over 10 times larger than the anterior commissure, and other routes of communication pass through the hippocampal commissure or, indirectly, via subcortical connections. Nevertheless, the anterior commissure is a significant pathway that can be clearly distinguished in the brains of all mammals." [Wikipedia:Anterior_commissure] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "commissura anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_commissure] synonym: "commissura rostral" RELATED [] synonym: "commissura rostralis" EXACT [] synonym: "precommisure" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_commisure] synonym: "rostral commissure" RELATED [] xref: BM:Tel-AC xref: BTO:0002169 xref: EMAPA:19038 xref: FMA:61961 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Gray744.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gray744.png/200px-Gray744.png xref: MA:0002722 xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Commissure xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1557 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:Class_4 xref: SCTID:369119009 xref: TAO:0001108 xref: UMLS:C0152335 xref: VHOG:0001558 xref: ZFA:0001108 is_a: UBERON:0002473 {source="FMA", source="MA"} ! intercerebral commissure property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In all vertebrates the thin structure that connects the two halves of the telencephalon shows a ridge-like thickening at the basal side known as the anterior commissure.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001558", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1969.tb20432.x", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000936 name: posterior commissure namespace: uberon def: "Rounded band of white fibers crossing the middle line on the dorsal aspect of the upper end of the cerebral aqueduct. It is important in the bilateral pupillary light reflex. Its fibers acquire their medullary sheaths early, but their connections have not been definitely determined. Most of them have their origin in a nucleus, the nucleus of the posterior commissure (nucleus of Darkschewitsch), which lies in the central gray substance of the upper end of the cerebral aqueduct, in front of the nucleus of the oculomotor nerve. Some are probably derived from the posterior part of the thalamus and from the superior colliculus, whereas others are believed to be continued downward into the medial longitudinal fasciculus. The posterior commissure interconnects the pretectal nuclei, mediating the consensual pupillary light reflex[WP].Diencephalic tract which is located in the vicinity of the dorsal diencephalon and mesencephalon and connects the pretectal nuclei. From Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Posterior_commissure, ZFA:0000320] comment: AO notes: part_of brainstem in MA; midbrain tectum in NIF subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "caudal commissure" EXACT [FMA:62072, ZFA:0000320] synonym: "commissura posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_commissure] synonym: "epithalamic commissure" EXACT [FMA:62072] xref: BM:MB-Tec-PC xref: FMA:62072 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Gray715.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gray715.png/200px-Gray715.png xref: MA:0002743 xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Commissure xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1026 xref: TAO:0000320 xref: UMLS:C0152327 xref: ZFA:0000320 is_a: UBERON:0001020 ! commissure is_a: UBERON:0011590 {is_inferred="true"} ! commissure of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 {source="FMA"} ! diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0000941 name: cranial nerve II namespace: uberon def: "Cranial nerve which is comprised of retinal ganglion cell axons running posterior medially towards the optic chiasm, at which some of the axons cross the midline and after which the structure is termed the optic tract. Transmits visual information from the retina to the brain[ZFA]." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Optic_nerve, ZFA:0000435] comment: Editor notes: A sensory tract that develops as an outpocketing of the brain - we classify as a cranial nerve as is traditional, but not strictly a nerve. AO notes: (relaion to eye): MA, XAO, AAO and BTO consider this part of the eye. This is in contrast to GO, FMA, EHDAA2 (FMA has a class 'intra-ocular part of optic nerve' which represents the region of overlap). Relation to brain: part of diencephalon in EHDAA2, ZFA. In NIF, has the optic nerve root as part, which is a feature part of the diencphalon. Structure notes: We are consistent here with the FMA in considering CN-II continuous with the retina. Editor notes: - determine the precise relationship between CN II and the CNS subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "02 optic nerve" EXACT [AAO:0010345] synonym: "CN-II" RELATED [ZFA:0000435] synonym: "cranial II" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus opticus" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus opticus [II]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50863, FMA:TA] synonym: "optic" RELATED [TAO:0000435] synonym: "optic II" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001313] synonym: "optic II nerve" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001313] synonym: "optic nerve" BROAD SENSU [FMA:50863, ZFA:0000435] synonym: "optic nerve [II]" EXACT [] synonym: "second cranial nerve" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010345 xref: EFO:0004258 xref: EHDAA2:0001313 xref: EHDAA:6788 xref: EMAPA:17575 xref: EMAPA:17846 xref: FMA:50863 xref: GAID:831 xref: MA:0001097 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.680 xref: ncithesaurus:Optic_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1640 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjLm5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180938001 xref: TAO:0000435 xref: UMLS:C0029130 xref: VHOG:0000543 xref: XAO:0000188 xref: ZFA:0000435 is_a: UBERON:0002464 ! nerve trunk is_a: UBERON:0004904 {is_inferred="true"} ! nerve connecting eye with brain relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0003098 ! optic stalk property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "A collection of nerve cells that project visual information from the eyes to the brain. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000435", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Fibrous, somatic sensory element covered by a fibrous connective-tissue sheath and is continuous with the layer of nerve cells on the inner surface of the eye.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010345", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup (reference 1); The (optic) stalk persists as the optic nerve (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000543", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.429, http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/optic+stalk", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000942 name: frontal nerve (branch of ophthalmic) namespace: uberon def: "The frontal nerve is the largest branch of the ophthalmic, and may be regarded, both from its size and direction, as the continuation of the nerve. It enters the orbit through the supraorbital foramen, and runs forward between the Levator palpebr superioris and the periosteum. Midway between the apex and base of the orbit it divides into two branches, supratrochlear nerve and supraorbital nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Frontal_nerve] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "frontal nerve" EXACT [FMA:52638] synonym: "nervus frontalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Frontal_nerve] xref: FMA:52638 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/45/Gray787.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Gray787.png/200px-Gray787.png xref: ncithesaurus:Frontal_Nerve xref: SCTID:280219004 xref: UMLS:C0228712 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0000348 {source="FMA"} ! ophthalmic nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0000955 name: brain namespace: uberon def: "The brain is the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate, and most invertebrate, animals.[1] Some primitive animals such as jellyfish and starfish have a decentralized nervous system without a brain, while sponges lack any nervous system at all. In vertebrates, the brain is located in the head, protected by the skull and close to the primary sensory apparatus of vision, hearing, balance, taste, and smell[WP]." [Wikipedia:Brain] comment: include synganglion? subset: major_organ subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "encephalon" RELATED [BTO:0000142] synonym: "synganglion" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010478 xref: ABA:Brain xref: BILA:0000135 xref: BTO:0000142 xref: EFO:0000302 xref: EHDAA2:0000183 xref: EHDAA:2641 xref: EHDAA:6485 xref: EMAPA:16894 xref: EV:0100164 xref: FBbt:00005095 xref: FMA:50801 xref: GAID:571 xref: galen:Brain xref: MA:0000168 xref: MAT:0000098 xref: MESH:A08.186.211 xref: MIAA:0000098 xref: ncithesaurus:Brain xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_796 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjT65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:258335003 xref: TAO:0000008 xref: UMLS:C0006104 xref: VHOG:0000157 xref: XAO:0000010 xref: ZFA:0000008 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 {source="FMA"} ! central nervous system property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Cavitated compound organ which is comprised of gray and white matter and surrounds the cerebral ventricular system.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000008", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Part of the central nervous system situated within the cranium and composed of both nerve cell bodies and nerve fibers.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010478", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...) (reference 1); The neural tube is destined to differentiate into the brain and spinal cord (the central nervous system) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000157", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.28, ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.165", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000956 name: cerebral cortex namespace: uberon def: "The cerebral cortex is a structure within the brain that plays a key role in memory, attention, perceptual awareness, thought, language, and consciousness. It constitutes the outermost layer of the cerebrum. In preserved brains, it has a grey color, hence the name 'grey matter'. Grey matter is formed by neurons and their unmyelinated fibers, whereas the white matter below the grey matter of the cortex is formed predominantly by myelinated axons interconnecting different regions of the central nervous system. The human cerebral cortex is 24 mm (0.080.16 inches) thick. The surface of the cerebral cortex is folded in large mammals, such that more than two-thirds of the cortical surface is buried in the grooves, called 'sulci. ' The phylogenetically most recent part of the cerebral cortex, the neocortex, also called isocortex, is differentiated into six horizontal layers; the more ancient part of the cerebral cortex, the hippocampus (also called archicortex), has at most three cellular layers, and is divided into subfields. Relative variations in thickness or cell type (among other parameters) allow us to distinguish between different neocortical architectonic fields. The geometry of at least some of these fields seems to be related to the anatomy of the cortical folds, and, for example, layers in the upper part of the cortical ridges seem to be more clearly differentiated than in its deeper parts. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cerebral_cortex] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "brain cortex" RELATED [BTO:0000233] synonym: "cortex cerebri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cerebral_cortex] synonym: "cortex of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [] synonym: "pallium of the brain" RELATED [BTO:0000233] xref: ABA:CTX xref: BM:Tel-Cx xref: BTO:0000233 xref: EFO:0000328 xref: EHDAA2:0000234 xref: EHDAA:5464 xref: EMAPA:17544 xref: EV:0100166 xref: FMA:61830 xref: GAID:629 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Brainmaps-macaque-hippocampus.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Cerebral_Cortex_location.jpg/200px-Cerebral_Cortex_location.jpg xref: MA:0000185 xref: MAT:0000108 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.213 xref: MIAA:0000108 xref: ncithesaurus:Cortex xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1494 xref: SCTID:362880003 xref: UMLS:C0007776 xref: VHOG:0000722 is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0004035 ! subplate relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005343 ! cortical plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0000203 {source="ISBN10:0471888893", source="GO"} ! pallium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "Migration of neurons from the basal or striatal portions of the anterior part of the neural tube occurs to varying degrees in different vertebrate classes, but a true cerebral cortex is generally acknowledged to have made its first appearance in reptiles. The definition can be unambiguous, since 'cortex' simply implies the existence of a surface neuronal layer with an overlying 'zonal lamina' or 'molecular' layer containing dendrites and axons, which is separated from the underlying basal 'matrix' by white matter. Although reptilian cerebral cortex does indeed fulfill these conditions in certain locations, the separation from striatal structures is often indistinct, so that it may even be argued that some primitive dipnoans possess a pallium or cortex. Nevertheless, an extensive laminated layer separated by underlying white matter is well represented only in reptiles and mammals.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000722", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1969.tb20437.x Kruger L, Experimental analyses of the reptilian nervous system. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (1969)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000959 name: optic chiasma namespace: uberon def: "Nerve trunk which is continuous with right and left optic nerves and right and left optic tracts.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Optic_chiasm, ZFIN:curator] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "chiasma opticum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62045, FMA:TA] synonym: "chiasma opticum" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Optic_chiasm] synonym: "decussation of optic nerve fibers" EXACT [] synonym: "optic chiasm" EXACT [Wikipedia:Optic_chiasm] xref: AAO:0010622 xref: BM:Tel-OCX xref: EHDAA2:0001302 xref: EHDAA:10227 xref: EMAPA:17603 xref: FMA:62045 xref: GAID:832 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/1543%2CVisalius%27OpticChiasma.jpg/200px-1543%2CVisalius%27OpticChiasma.jpg xref: MA:0001098 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.680.600 xref: ncithesaurus:Optic_Chiasm xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1416 xref: SCTID:244453006 xref: TAO:0000556 xref: UMLS:C0029126 xref: VHOG:0000190 xref: XAO:0004071 xref: ZFA:0000556 is_a: UBERON:0002464 ! nerve trunk relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000941 ! cranial nerve II relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The point at which fibers of the optic nerves cross.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010622", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:DSM"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The chiasm has been studied in great detail in some animals, while in others relatively little or nothing is known. Although there are some gross architectural features that are conserved within some animals, such as birds and fish, the general picture is one of diversity. This review will attempt to consider the key features of such diversity of chiasmatic organisation in vertebrates and the mechanisms that sculpt them from the limited literature that is available. However, as so much research has been undertaken on the structure and development of the chiasm in laboratory animals, any review must consider the information that has been gleaned from them and hope that future studies will determine whether the features revealed in these animals, and the underlying mechanisms that generate them, have a common vertebrate plan.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000190", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.preteyeres.2005.04.005 Jeffery G, Erskine L, Variations in the architecture and development of the vertebrate optic chiasm. Progress in retinal and eye research (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000961 name: thoracic ganglion namespace: uberon def: "The thoracic ganglia are paravertebral ganglia. The thoracic portion of the sympathetic trunk typically has 12 thoracic ganglia. Emerging from the ganglia are thoracic splancic nerves (the cardiopulmonary, the greater, lesser, and least splanchic nerves) that help provide sympathetic innervation to abdominal structures. Also, the ganglia of the thoracic sympathetic trunk have both white and gray rami communicantes. The white rami carry sympathetic fibers arising in the spinal cord into the sympathetic trunk. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thoracic_ganglion] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ganglion of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ganglion thoracicum splanchnicum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6471, FMA:TA] synonym: "thoracic paravertebral ganglion" EXACT [] synonym: "thoracic splanchnic ganglion" EXACT [] synonym: "thoracic sympathetic ganglion" EXACT [] synonym: "thorax ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0001831 xref: EHDAA:4664 xref: EMAPA:17158 xref: FMA:6471 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Gray849.png/200px-Gray849.png xref: MA:0001159 xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracic_Ganglion xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002012 xref: SCTID:181102004 xref: UMLS:C0229010 xref: VHOG:0000515 is_a: UBERON:0001807 ! paravertebral ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0000962 name: nerve of cervical vertebra namespace: uberon def: "The cervical nerves are the spinal nerves from the cervical vertebrae. Although there are seven cervical vertebrae (C1-C7), there are eight cervical nerves (C1-C8). All nerves except C8 emerge above their corresponding vertebrae, while the C8 nerve emerges below the C7 vertebra. (In the other portions of the spine, the nerve emerges below the vertebra with the same name. Dorsal (posterior) distribution includes the greater occipital (C2) and third occipital (C3). Ventral (anterior) distribution includes the cervical plexus (C1-C4) and brachial plexus (C5-C8) [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cervical_nerves] comment: Innervates: sternohyoid muscle, sternothyroid muscle, omohyoid muscle[WP] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cervical nerve" EXACT [FMA:5859] synonym: "cervical nerve tree" EXACT [] synonym: "cervical spinal nerve" EXACT [] xref: FMA:5859 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Gray795.png/200px-Gray795.png xref: ncithesaurus:Cervical_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090207 xref: SCTID:360497008 xref: UMLS:C0228815 is_a: UBERON:0001780 ! spinal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0000963 name: head sensillum namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: FBbt:00004114 xref: MAT:0000204 xref: MIAA:0000204 is_a: UBERON:0002536 ! arthropod sensillum [Term] id: UBERON:0000971 name: ommatidium namespace: uberon def: "One of the small facets of the compound eye." [ISBN:3110148986, Wikipedia:Ommatidium] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "omatidium" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001922 xref: FBbt:00004510 xref: HAO:0000666 xref: MAT:0000143 xref: MIAA:0000143 is_a: UBERON:0002536 ! arthropod sensillum property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "ommatidial" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0000988 name: pons namespace: uberon def: "Brainstrem structure that has as its parts the pontine tegmentum and basal part of pons[FMA]." [FMA:67943, Wikipedia:Pons] comment: The pons is not present in zebrafish. In this ontology we currently have some structures which are applicable to zebrafish appearing as parts of the pons. Currently we only include the weaker dubious_for_taxon relationship ubtil this is resolved subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pons of Varolius" EXACT [] synonym: "pons Varolii" EXACT [ncithesaurus:Pons_Varolii] xref: ABA:P xref: BM:Pons xref: BTO:0001101 xref: EFO:0001394 xref: EHDAA2:0004394 xref: EMAPA:17563 xref: EV:0100253 xref: FMA:67943 xref: GAID:578 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Gray768.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Gray768.png/200px-Gray768.png xref: MA:0000204 xref: MAT:0000115 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.810.428.600 xref: MIAA:0000115 xref: ncithesaurus:Pons_Varolii xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_733 xref: SCTID:279103004 xref: UMLS:C0032639 xref: VHOG:0001176 is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002298 ! brainstem property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:7955 property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001896 {source="ABA"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The part of the central nervous system lying between the medulla oblongata and the midbrain, ventral to the cerebellum. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001176", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pons"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "During the embryonic development of birds and mammals, neuroblasts migrate from the cerebellum into the ventral part of the rhombencephalon and differentiate into pontine and other nuclei, which relay information from between the cerebrum and cerebellum, and a conspicuous band of transverse fibers. This region is known as the pons. A pons does not differentiate in reptiles and anamniotes (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001176", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.474", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001016 name: nervous system namespace: uberon def: "a network of specialized cells that communicate information about an organism's surroundings and itself[Wikipedia]." [ISBN:0-14-051288-8, ISBN:3110148986, NLM:nervous+system, WB:rynl, Wikipedia:Nervous_system, ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "nerve net" NARROW [Wikipedia:Nerve_net] synonym: "Nervensystem" RELATED [BTO:0001484] synonym: "systema nervosum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nervous_system] xref: AAO:0000324 xref: BILA:0000079 xref: BTO:0001484 xref: EFO:0000802 xref: EHDAA2:0001246 xref: EHDAA:826 xref: EMAPA:16469 xref: EV:0100162 xref: FBbt:00005093 xref: FMA:7157 xref: GAID:466 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/TE-Nervous_system_diagram.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Nervous_system_diagram.png/200px-Nervous_system_diagram.png xref: MA:0000016 xref: MAT:0000026 xref: MESH:A08 xref: MIAA:0000026 xref: ncithesaurus:Nervous_System xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_844 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViT_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:278196006 xref: TAO:0000396 xref: UMLS:C0027763 xref: VHOG:0000402 xref: WBbt:0005735 xref: XAO:0000177 xref: ZFA:0000396 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "A regulatory system of the body that consists of neurons and neuroglial cells. The nervous system is divided into two parts, the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000396", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Anatomical system consisting of nerve bodies and nerve fibers which regulate the response of the body to external and internal stimuli.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000324", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship type change: differentiates_from ectoderm (AAO:0000137) CHANGED TO: develops_from ectoderm (UBERON:0000924)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000324", ontology="AAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "Nervous systems evolved in the ancestor of Eumetazoa.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000402", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198566694 Schmidt-Rhaesa A, The evolution of organ systems (2007) p.117", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "nervous" xsd:string property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "neural" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001017 name: central nervous system namespace: uberon def: "The central nervous system is the core nervous system that serves an integrating and coordinating function. In vertebrates it consists of the brain, spinal cord and spinal nerves. In those invertebrates with a central nervous system it typically consists of a brain, cerebral ganglia and a nerve cord[GO]. The part of the nervous system which in vertebrates consists of the brain and spinal cord, to which sensory impulses are transmitted and from which motor impulses pass out, and which supervises and coordinates the activity of the entire nervous system[XAO]. Neuraxis plus retina[INCF]." [FB:gg, ISBN:3110148986, NLM:central+nervous+system, Wikipedia:Central_nervous_system, ZFIN:curator] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cerebrospinal axis" EXACT [FMA:55675] synonym: "CNS" EXACT [] synonym: "neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:55675] synonym: "systema nervosum centrale" EXACT LATIN [FMA:55675, FMA:TA] xref: AAO:0000090 xref: BILA:0000080 xref: BTO:0000227 xref: EFO:0000908 xref: EHDAA2:0000225 xref: EHDAA:828 xref: EMAPA:16470 xref: EMAPA:16754 xref: EV:0100163 xref: FBbt:00005094 xref: FMA:55675 xref: GAID:570 xref: MA:0000167 xref: MAT:0000457 xref: MESH:A08.186 xref: ncithesaurus:Central_Nervous_System xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1099 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvzYt3pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:278199004 xref: TAO:0000012 xref: UMLS:C0927232 xref: VHOG:0000293 xref: XAO:0000215 xref: ZFA:0000012 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system property_value: RO:0002161 NCBITaxon:147099 {source="Wikipedia:Acoelomorpha"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Part of the nervous system which includes the brain and spinal cord.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000090", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The brain and spinal cord. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000012", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...) (reference 1); The neural tube is destined to differentiate into the brain and spinal cord (the central nervous system) (reference 2); Taken together, our data make a very strong case that the complex molecular mediolateral architecture of the developing trunk CNS (central nervous system), as shared between Platynereis and vertebrates, was already present in their last common ancestor, Urbilateria. The concept of bilaterian nervous system centralization implies that neuron types concentrate on one side of the trunk, as is the case in vertebrates and many invertebrates including Platynereis, where they segregate and become spatially organized (as opposed to a diffuse nerve net). Our data reveal that a large part of the spatial organization of the annelid and vertebrate CNS was already present in their last common ancestor, which implies that Urbilateria had already possessed a CNS (reference 3).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000293", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.28 (reference 1), ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.165 (reference 2), DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2007.02.040 Denes AS, Jekely G, Steinmetz PRH, Raible F, Snyman H, Prud'homme B, Ferrier DEK, Balavoine G and Arendt D, Molecular architecture of annelid nerve cord supports common origin of nervous system centralization in Bilateria. Cell (2007) (reference 3)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001018 name: axon tract namespace: uberon def: "A group of axons linking two or more neuropils and having a common origin, termination[FBbt]." [http://flybrain.uni-freiburg.de/Flybrain/html/terms/terms.html] comment: WP says this is the analog of peripheral nerves in CNS synonym: "axonal tract" EXACT [] synonym: "neuraxis tract" EXACT [FMA:83847] synonym: "tract" RELATED [] synonym: "tract of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:83847] xref: EV:0100304 xref: FBbt:00005100 xref: FMA:83847 is_a: UBERON:0000122 ! neuron projection bundle is_a: UBERON:0011215 {is_inferred="true"} ! cell part cluster of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0001019 name: fascicle namespace: uberon def: "A slender neuron projection bundle[FBbt]." [Wikipedia:Nervous_system_fascicle] comment: TODO - invert specific? note FBbt class not disjoint from tract. Consider merging with 'neuron projection bundle' subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fasciculus" EXACT [] synonym: "nerve bundle" EXACT [FMA:12235] synonym: "nerve fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:12235] synonym: "neural fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:12235] xref: BTO:0004101 xref: FBbt:00005101 xref: FMA:12235 xref: ncithesaurus:Fascicle xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_872 xref: TGMA:0000088 xref: UMLS:C1185741 is_a: UBERON:0000122 ! neuron projection bundle [Term] id: UBERON:0001020 name: commissure namespace: uberon def: "White matter fiber bundle that crosses the midline of the brain or spinal cord[NIF]. In the context of Drosophila refers to a broad band of axons connecting the same neuropils each side of the brain[FBbt]." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090513, Wikipedia:Commissure] comment: *not* the same as FMA:76741 Commissure subset: uberon_slim synonym: "commissure of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:83906] synonym: "neuraxis commissure" EXACT [FMA:83906] xref: FBbt:00005103 xref: FMA:83906 xref: ncithesaurus:Commissure xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090513 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rdBrmE6gOEdudWQACs5b6Bw xref: TADS:0000201 xref: UMLS:C1185742 is_a: UBERON:0001018 ! axon tract property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "commissural" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001021 name: nerve namespace: uberon def: "an enclosed, cable-like bundle of peripheral axons [wikipedia]. A portion of tissue which is a fasiculated group of axons[ZFA]. Segment of neural tree organ which has as its parts a nerve trunk and its branches; together with other nerves of the same tree it constitutes a neural tree. Examples: chorda tympani, digastric branch of facial nerve, greater petrosal nerve, posterior cutaneous branch of posterior ramus of cervical nerve, superior lateral cutaneous nerve of arm[FMA]." [FMA:65132, Wikipedia:Nervous_system, ZFA:0007009, ZFIN:curator] comment: check nerve vs peripheral nerve vs tract. Check isa hierarchy - we include under neural tissue as well as neuron projection bundle for now. FMA also has this under organ segment subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "nerves" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0007009] synonym: "neural subtree" RELATED [FMA:65132] xref: AAO:0011070 xref: AEO:0000137 xref: BTO:0000925 xref: EHDAA2:0003137 xref: EHDAA:2851 xref: EHDAA:3776 xref: EHDAA:4657 xref: EV:0100162 xref: FBbt:00005105 xref: FMA:65132 xref: GAID:758 xref: galen:Nerve xref: MA:0000217 xref: ncithesaurus:Nerve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwP3lkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:256864008 xref: TAO:0007009 xref: UMLS:C0027740 xref: XAO:0003047 xref: ZFA:0007009 is_a: UBERON:0000122 {source="FBbt"} ! neuron projection bundle is_a: UBERON:0003714 {source="EHDAA2"} ! neural tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "A portion of tissue which is a fasiculated group of axons.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0007009", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "nervous" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001027 name: sensory nerve namespace: uberon def: "A group of neurons that provides a nervous response from a tissue[AEO]." [AEO:0000201, Wikipedia:Sensory_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "afferent nerve" RELATED [] synonym: "nervus sensorius" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus sensorius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sensory_nerve] xref: AEO:0000201 xref: EHDAA2:0003200 xref: FBbt:00005136 xref: FMA:5868 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv0GdXpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "General anatomical term applied to nerves in which somatic afferent nerve fibers predominate[FMA]. nerves that receive sensory stimuli made up of nerve fibers, called sensory fibers (mechanoreceptor fibers sense body movement and pressure placed against the body, and nociceptor fibers sense tissue injury)[WP][Wikipedia:Sensory_nerve]." xsd:string {source="Wikipedia:Sensory_nerve"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001029 name: neuromuscular junction namespace: uberon def: "." [Wikipedia:Neuromuscular_junction] comment: TODO - use GO subset: uberon_slim synonym: "myoneural junction" EXACT [] synonym: "synapsis neuromuscularis; junctio neuromuscularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Neuromuscular_junction] xref: FBbt:00005142 xref: FMA:61803 xref: GAID:809 xref: GO:0031594 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/NMJ.jpg xref: MESH:A08.800.550.550.550 xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao1124888485 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0001031 name: neurilemma namespace: uberon def: "thin membranous sheath around a nerve fiber[TFD]." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/neurolemma, Wikipedia:Neurilemma] comment: FMA def is 'Neural tissue which consists of Schwann cells' which does not fit, but we still use 'neural tissue' here. WP def specifically states Schwann cells, which would restrict it to PNS subset: uberon_slim synonym: "endoneural membrane" RELATED [BTO:0003048] synonym: "neurolemma" EXACT [] synonym: "Schwann's membrane" RELATED [BTO:0003048] synonym: "sheath of Schwann" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0003048 xref: FBbt:00005151 xref: FMA:62976 xref: GAID:730 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Gray631.png/200px-Gray631.png xref: MESH:A08.561.600 xref: ncithesaurus:Sheath_of_Schwann xref: UMLS:C0027807 is_a: UBERON:0003714 ! neural tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0001047 name: neural glomerulus namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:FBbt_00005386 def: "Large synaptic bouton found in areas like olfactory bulb, cerebellar cortex and thalamus, that contacts many post-synaptic targets[NIF]." [http://ccdb.ucsd.edu/SAO/images/glomerulus_sw_512x512.jpg, http://flybrain.uni-freiburg.de/Flybrain/html/terms/terms.html] comment: isa or partof neuropil? TODO. Add to GO-CC? subset: uberon_slim synonym: "glomerulus" BROAD [FBbt:00005386, NIF_Subcellular:sao587858733] xref: FBbt:00005386 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray1130.svg/200px-Gray1130.svg.png xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao587858733 is_a: UBERON:0002606 ! neuropil [Term] id: UBERON:0001049 name: neural tube namespace: uberon def: "In the developing vertebrate, the neural tube is the embryo's precursor to the central nervous system, which comprises the brain and spinal cord. The neural groove gradually deepens as the neural folds become elevated, and ultimately the folds meet and coalesce in the middle line and convert the groove into a closed tube, the neural tube or neural canal (which strictly speaking is the center of the neural tube), the ectodermal wall of which forms the rudiment of the nervous system. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Neural_tube] comment: The mature structure of the neural tube exists when the tube has been segmented into the forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain and spinal cord regions. In addition neural crest has budded away from the epithelium[GO:0021915] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "presumptive central nervous system" RELATED [] synonym: "tubus neuralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Neural_tube] xref: AAO:0010617 xref: BTO:0001057 xref: EHDAA2:0001254 xref: EHDAA:2869 xref: EHDAA:908 xref: EMAPA:16164 xref: EMAPA:16530 xref: EMAPA:16757 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png/200px-Gray19_with_color.png xref: MAT:0000069 xref: MIAA:0000069 xref: ncithesaurus:Neural_Tube xref: SCTID:362852000 xref: TAO:0001135 xref: UMLS:C0231024 xref: VHOG:0000307 xref: XAO:0003204 xref: ZFA:0001135 relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 {source="GO"} ! nervous system property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Hollow epithelial tube on dorsal side of the embryo that develops into the central nervous system.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010617", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:JOR"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The dorsal tubular structure in the vertebrate embryo that develops into the brain and spinal cord. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000307", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/neural+tube"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000307", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.28", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001053 name: neurohemal organ namespace: uberon def: "A system of neurons that has the specialized function to produce and secrete hormones, and that constitutes, in whole or in part, an endocrine organ or system." [BTO:0002106] subset: organ_slim synonym: "neurohaemal organ" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0002106 xref: EFO:0000864 xref: FBbt:00005757 xref: MAT:0000212 xref: MIAA:0000212 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 {source="BTO"} ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0001058 name: mushroom body namespace: uberon def: "Prominent lobed neuropils found in annelids and all arthropods except crustaceans. They are thought to be involved in olfactory associative learning and memory[MESH] Mushroom body neuropils are divided into calyces, pedunculus, and its subsequent lobes. In Drosophila these are the alpha, beta, and gamma lobes." [http://flybrain.uni-freiburg.de/Flybrain/html/terms/terms.html, MESH:A13.641, Wikipedia:Mushroom_body] comment: Taxon notes: Also in annelids. "Comparison to the verte- brate pallium reveals that the annelid mushroom bodies develop from similar molecular coordinates within a conserved overall molecular brain topology and that their development involves conserved patterning mechanisms and produces conserved neuron types that existed already in the proto- stome-deuterostome ancestors. These data indicate deep homology of pallium and mushroom bodies and date back the origin of higher brain centers to prebilaterian times" [PMID:20813265] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "corpora pedunculata" EXACT [FBbt:00005801] synonym: "mushroom bodies" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: BTO:0002675 xref: EFO:0000925 xref: FBbt:00005801 xref: GAID:1231 xref: MAT:0000336 xref: MESH:A13.641 xref: MIAA:0000336 is_a: UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion is_a: UBERON:0003339 {is_inferred="true"} ! ganglion of central nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:6340 property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:6656 property_value: RO:0002161 NCBITaxon:6217 [Term] id: UBERON:0001059 name: pars intercerebralis namespace: uberon def: "a neurosecretory center of the insect brain, located along the anterior midline[wiktionary]. A medial cleft or depression dividing the left and right protocerebrum and containing numerous large and small somata of neurosecretory and neuromodulatory neurons[FBbt]." [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pars_intercerebralis, http://flybrain.uni-freiburg.de/Flybrain/html/terms/terms.html] comment: will be ceded to arthropod anatomy ontology subset: uberon_slim xref: EFO:0000926 xref: FBbt:00005802 xref: MAT:0000337 xref: MIAA:0000337 is_a: UBERON:0011215 {is_inferred="true"} ! cell part cluster of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 {source="FBbt"} ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0001062 name: anatomical entity namespace: uberon def: "Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species." [CARO:MAH, FMA:62955] subset: upper_level xref: AAO:0010841 xref: AEO:0000000 xref: BILA:0000000 xref: CARO:0000000 xref: EHDAA2:0002229 xref: FBbt:10000000 xref: FBbt_root:00000000 xref: FMA:62955 xref: HAO:0000000 xref: MA:0000001 xref: ncithesaurus:Anatomic_Structure_System_or_Substance xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_6 xref: TAO:0100000 xref: TGMA:0001822 xref: UMLS:C1515976 xref: ZFA:0100000 [Term] id: UBERON:0001063 name: flocculus namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:Flocculus-MA_0000992 def: "a small lobe of the cerebellum at the posterior border of the middle cerebellar peduncle anterior to the biventer lobule[WP]." [Wikipedia:Flocculus_(cerebellar)] comment: AO Notes: flocculus is an exact label for two distinct classes in NIF. Function notes: At its base, the flocculus receives input from the middle ears vestibular system and regulates balance. Many floccular projections descend to the spinal cord and connect to the motor nuclei involved in control of eye movement.[WP]. Taxon notes: enlarged in pterosaurs[PMID:14586467] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "flocculus of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83881] synonym: "H X" RELATED [FMA:83881] synonym: "hemispheric lobule X" RELATED INCONSISTENT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081213] synonym: "lobule X" RELATED [FMA:83881] synonym: "neuraxis flocculus" EXACT [FMA:83881] xref: ABA:FL xref: FMA:83881 xref: MA:0000992 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1329 xref: SCTID:30711003 is_a: UBERON:0002749 ! regional part of cerebellar cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002245 ! hemisphere of cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0003012 {source="FMA-abduced-lr"} ! flocculonodular lobe property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005347 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005348 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005349 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005350 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005351 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001147 name: trunk of peripheral nerve namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: grouping_class subset: non_informative synonym: "peripheral nerve trunk" EXACT [] synonym: "peripheral neural trunk" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:16986 xref: FMA:14383 xref: MA:0000229 is_a: UBERON:0002464 ! nerve trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0001148 name: median nerve namespace: uberon def: "The median nerve is a nerve in humans and other animals. It is in the upper limb. It is one of the five main nerves originating from the brachial plexus. The median nerve is formed from parts of the medial and lateral cords of the brachial plexus, and continues down the arm to enter the forearm with the brachial artery. It originates from the brachial plexus with roots from C5, C6, C7, C8 & T1. The median nerve is the only nerve that passes through the carpal tunnel, where it may be compressed to cause carpal tunnel syndrome. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Median_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nervus medianus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Median_nerve] xref: EHDAA2:0001086 xref: EHDAA:5648 xref: EMAPA:17277 xref: FMA:14385 xref: GAID:843 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Nerves_of_the_left_upper_extremity.gif xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Nerves_of_the_left_upper_extremity.gif/200px-Nerves_of_the_left_upper_extremity.gif xref: MA:0001168 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.050.500 xref: ncithesaurus:Median_Nerve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwF4HF5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181010001 xref: UMLS:C0025058 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve is_a: UBERON:0003433 {is_inferred="true"} ! arm nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001814 ! brachial nerve plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0001267 name: femoral nerve namespace: uberon def: "The femoral nerve, the largest branch of the lumbar plexus, arises from the ventral divisions of the second, third, and fourth lumbar nerves. It descends through the fibers of the Psoas major, emerging from the muscle at the lower part of its lateral border, and passes down between it and the Iliacus, behind the iliac fascia; it then runs beneath the inguinal ligament, into the thigh, and splits into an anterior and a posterior division. Under the inguinal ligament, it is separated from the femoral artery by a portion of the Psoas major. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Femoral_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior crural nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus femoralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Femoral_nerve] xref: EHDAA2:0000507 xref: EHDAA:5655 xref: FMA:16486 xref: GAID:850 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Gray823.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Gray823.png/200px-Gray823.png xref: MA:0001167 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.450.250 xref: ncithesaurus:Femoral_Nerve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwGC03JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181051004 xref: UMLS:C0015808 xref: VHOG:0001411 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve is_a: UBERON:0003431 {is_inferred="true"} ! leg nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0001322 name: sciatic nerve namespace: uberon def: "The sciatic nerve (also known as the ischiatic nerve) is a large nerve in humans and other animals. It begins in the lower back and runs through the buttock and down the lower limb. It is the longest and widest single nerve in the human body. The sciatic supplies nearly the whole of the skin of the leg, the muscles of the back of the thigh, and those of the leg and foot. In humans, it is derived from spinal nerves L4 through S3. It contains fibres from both the anterior and posterior divisions of the lumbosacral plexus. [WP,edited]." [Wikipedia:Sciatic_nerve] comment: Taxon notes: mouse sciatic nerve origins predominantly from the third lumbar (L3) and L4 spinal nerves, unlike the L4 and L5 in rats - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2700063/ subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ischiadic nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sciatic_nerve] synonym: "ischiatic nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sciatic_nerve] synonym: "nervus ischiadicus" RELATED [BTO:0001221] synonym: "nervus ischiadicus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sciatic_nerve] synonym: "nervus sciaticus" RELATED [BTO:0001221] xref: BTO:0001221 xref: EFO:0001417 xref: EHDAA2:0001779 xref: EHDAA:5659 xref: EMAPA:18577 xref: FMA:19034 xref: GAID:852 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Gray1244.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Gray1244.png/200px-Gray1244.png xref: MA:0001172 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.450.760 xref: ncithesaurus:Sciatic_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1133 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv7MlDJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181050003 xref: UMLS:C0036394 xref: VHOG:0000894 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001815 ! lumbosacral nerve plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0001323 name: tibial nerve namespace: uberon def: "The tibial nerve is a branch of the sciatic nerve. The tibial nerve passes through the popliteal fossa to pass below the arch of soleus. In the popliteal fossa the nerve gives off branches to gastrocnemius, popliteus, soleus and plantaris muscles, an articular branch to the knee joint, and a cutaneous branch that will become the sural nerve. The sural nerve is joined by fibres from the common peroneal nerve and runs down the calf to supply the lateral side of the foot. Below the soleus muscle the nerve lies close to the tibia and supplies the tibialis posterior, the flexor digitorum longus and the flexor hallucis longus. The nerve passes into the foot running posterior to the medial malleolus. Here it is bound down by the flexor retinaculum in company with the posterior tibial artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Tibial_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "medial popliteal nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "n. tibialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tibial_nerve] xref: FMA:19035 xref: GAID:854 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/Gray828.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Gray828.png/200px-Gray828.png xref: MA:0001173 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.450.760.820 xref: ncithesaurus:Tibial_Nerve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwNya8JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181078002 xref: UMLS:C0040186 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve is_a: UBERON:0003431 {is_inferred="true"} ! leg nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0001324 name: common fibular nerve namespace: uberon def: "a nerve arising at the terminal division of the sciatic nerve at the popliteal fossa and extending to the neck of the fibula, ultimately innervating the Peroneus muscle[MP]. The common peroneal nerve (common fibular nerve; external popliteal nerve; peroneal nerve), about one-half the size of the tibial nerve, is derived from the dorsal branches of the fourth and fifth lumbar and the first and second sacral nerves. It descends obliquely along the lateral side of the popliteal fossa to the head of the fibula, close to the medial margin of the biceps femoris muscle. It lies between the tendon of the biceps femoris and lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle, winds around the neck of the fibula, between the peronus longus and the bone, and divides beneath the muscle into the superficial peroneal nerve (superficial fibular nerve) and deep peroneal nerve (deep fibular nerve). [WP,unvetted]." [MP:0011211, Wikipedia:Common_fibular_nerve] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "common peroneal nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "extrernal peroneal nerve" EXACT [MP:0011211] synonym: "lateral popliteal nerve" EXACT [MP:0011211] synonym: "n. fibularis communis, n. peroneus communis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Common_fibular_nerve] synonym: "nervus peroneus communis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19039, FMA:TA] synonym: "peroneal nerve" EXACT [] xref: EFO:0003062 xref: FMA:19039 xref: GAID:853 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Gray832.png xref: MA:0001169 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.450.760.640 xref: ncithesaurus:Peroneal_Nerve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvwKexZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181077007 xref: UMLS:C0031173 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve is_a: UBERON:0003431 {is_inferred="true"} ! leg nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0001384 name: primary motor cortex namespace: uberon def: "a brain region that in humans is located in the posterior portion of the frontal lobe. It works in association with pre-motor areas to plan and execute movements. M1 contains large neurons known as Betz cells which send long axons down the spinal cord to synapse onto alpha motor neurons which connect to the muscles. Pre-motor areas are involved in planning actions (in concert with the basal ganglia) and refining movements based upon sensory input (this requires the cerebellum). The human primary motor cortex is located in the dorsal part of the precentral gyrus and the anterior bank of the central sulcus. The precentral gyrus is in front of the postcentral gyrus from which it is separated by the central sulcus. Its anterior border is the precentral sulcus, while inferiorly it borders to the lateral fissure (Sylvian fissure). Medially, it is contiguous with the paracentral lobule." [Wikipedia:Primary_motor_cortex] comment: TODO: in MA this is asserted to be part_of BOTH frontal and parietal cortex. in ABA these are disjoint. FMA makes no commitment beyond cerebral cortex. Wikipedia says frontal lobe. Check if species difference or difference in definition. Removed relationship: part_of UBERON:0001872 {source="MA-modified"} subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus precentralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Primary_motor_cortex] synonym: "motor cortex" EXACT [FMA:224854] synonym: "prefrontal gyrus" RELATED [MP:0000798, Wikipedia:Primary_motor_cortex] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-M1 xref: BTO:0004348 xref: EFO:0002472 xref: FMA:224854 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/Ba4.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Ba4.png/200px-Ba4.png xref: MA:0000907 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.213.270.548 xref: ncithesaurus:Primary_Motor_Cortex xref: SCTID:11931008 xref: UMLS:C0026607 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001870 {source="MA", source="Wikipedia"} ! frontal cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "the area of the frontal lobe that is involved with integration of voluntary movements and with speech.[MP]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-31", external_class="MP:0000800", ontology="MP", source="MGI:csmith"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001393 name: auditory cortex namespace: uberon def: "The primary auditory cortex is the region of the brain that is responsible for processing of auditory information. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Auditory_cortex] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "A1 (primary auditory cortex)" RELATED [Wikipedia:Primary_auditory_cortex] synonym: "anterior transverse temporal area 41" RELATED [Wikipedia:Primary_auditory_cortex] synonym: "auditory cortex" RELATED [Wikipedia:Primary_auditory_cortex] synonym: "BA41" RELATED ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "BA42" RELATED ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "Brodmann area 41" RELATED [Wikipedia:Primary_auditory_cortex] synonym: "Brodmann area 41 & 42" RELATED [Wikipedia:Primary_auditory_cortex] synonym: "Brodmann area 42" RELATED [Wikipedia:Primary_auditory_cortex] synonym: "posterior transverse temporal area 42" RELATED [Wikipedia:Primary_auditory_cortex] synonym: "primary auditory cortex" RELATED [Wikipedia:Auditory_cortex] synonym: "temporal auditory neocortex" RELATED [GEO:GSE13344] xref: BTO:0004343 xref: FMA:226221 xref: GAID:682 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Brodmann_41_42.png/200px-Brodmann_41_42.png xref: MA:0000942 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.213.863.297 xref: ncithesaurus:Auditory_Cortex xref: UMLS:C0004302 is_a: UBERON:0002619 {source="FMA"} ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001871 {source="MA"} ! temporal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0001492 name: radial nerve namespace: uberon def: "The radial nerve is a nerve in the human body that supplies the upper limb. It supplies the triceps brachii muscle of the arm, as well as all 12 muscles in the posterior osteofascial compartment of the forearm, as well as the associated joints and overlying skin. It originates from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus with roots from C5, C6, C7, C8 & T1. The radial nerve and its branches supply the dorsal muscles, such as triceps brachii, the extrinsic extensors of the wrist and hands, and the cutaneous nerve supply to most of the back of the hand. (The ulnar nerve cutaneously innervates the back of the little finger and adjacent half of the ring finger). The radial nerve divides into a deep branch (which becomes the posterior interosseous nerve), and continues as the superficial branch which goes on to innervate the dorsum (back) of the hand. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Radial_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nervus radialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Radial_nerve] xref: EHDAA2:0001584 xref: EHDAA:5650 xref: EMAPA:17278 xref: FMA:37069 xref: GAID:845 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Gray818.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Gray818.png/200px-Gray818.png xref: MA:0001171 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.050.700 xref: ncithesaurus:Radial_Nerve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvfk7E5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181011002 xref: UMLS:C0034518 xref: VHOG:0000896 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve is_a: UBERON:0003433 {is_inferred="true"} ! arm nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001814 ! brachial nerve plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0001493 name: axillary nerve namespace: uberon def: "The axillary nerve is a nerve of the human body, that comes off the posterior cord of the brachial plexus at the level of the axilla (armpit) and carries nerve fibers from C5 and C6. The axillary nerve travels through the quadrangular space with the posterior circumflex humeral artery and vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Axillary_nerve] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "auxillery nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Axillary_nerve] synonym: "circumflex humeral nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "circumflex nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Axillary_nerve] synonym: "nervus axillaris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Axillary_nerve] synonym: "nervus axillaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Axillary_nerve] xref: EMAPA:18802 xref: FMA:37072 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Brachial_plexus_2.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Brachial_plexus.jpg/200px-Brachial_plexus.jpg xref: MA:0001166 xref: ncithesaurus:Axillary_Nerve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvgwMfpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181009006 xref: UMLS:C0228885 is_a: UBERON:0002003 {source="MA"} ! peripheral nerve is_a: UBERON:0003433 {is_inferred="true"} ! arm nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001814 {source="MA"} ! brachial nerve plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0001494 name: ulnar nerve namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0005668 def: "In human anatomy, the ulnar nerve is a nerve which runs near the ulna bone. The ulnar nerve is the largest unprotected nerve in the human body (meaning, unprotected by muscle or bone), and the only unprotected nerve that does not serve a purely sensory function (those nerves specifically meant to perceive changes in the environment, such as nerves in the skin). This nerve is directly connected to the little finger, and the adjacent half of the ring finger, supplying the palmar side of these fingers, including both front and back of the tips, perhaps as far back as the fingernail beds. One method of injuring the nerve is to strike the medial epicondyle of the humerus from posteriorly, or inferiorly with the elbow flexed. The ulnar nerve is trapped between the bone and the overlying skin at this point. This is commonly referred to as hitting one's 'funny bone. ' This name is thought to be a pun, based on the sound resemblance between the words 'humerus' and 'humourous' . [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ulnar_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nervus ulnaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ulnar_nerve] xref: EHDAA2:0002099 xref: EHDAA:5652 xref: EMAPA:17279 xref: FMA:37319 xref: GAID:846 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Brachial_plexus_2.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Brachial_plexus.jpg/200px-Brachial_plexus.jpg xref: MA:0001174 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.050.850 xref: ncithesaurus:Ulnar_Nerve xref: SCTID:181012009 xref: UMLS:C0041602 xref: VHOG:0000922 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve is_a: UBERON:0003433 {is_inferred="true"} ! arm nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001814 ! brachial nerve plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0001579 name: olfactory nerve namespace: uberon def: "Nerve that carries information from the olfactory epithelium to the olfactory bulb[Butler and Hodos]." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Olfactory_nerve] comment: Taxon notes: connects to main OB (in taxa where main/accessory distinction is important) subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "CN-I" RELATED [] synonym: "cranial nerve I" RELATED [] synonym: "fila olfactoria" RELATED [BTO:0003648] synonym: "first cranial nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "nerve of smell" RELATED [BTO:0003648] synonym: "nervus olfactorius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Olfactory_nerve] synonym: "nervus olfactorius" RELATED [BTO:0003648] synonym: "nervus olfactorius [i]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:46787, FMA:TA] synonym: "olfactory fila" RELATED [BTO:0003648] synonym: "olfactory I" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001293] synonym: "olfactory i nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "Olfactory nerve [I]" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010088 xref: BTO:0003648 xref: EHDAA2:0001293 xref: EHDAA:6672 xref: EMAPA:17797 xref: FMA:46787 xref: GAID:830 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Gray771.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gray771.png/200px-Gray771.png xref: MA:0001096 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.640 xref: ncithesaurus:Olfactory_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1319 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvZuXAJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180937006 xref: TAO:0000249 xref: UMLS:C0028938 xref: VHOG:0000703 xref: XAO:0000426 xref: ZFA:0000249 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001997 ! olfactory epithelium relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002264 ! olfactory bulb property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Nerve that carries information from the olfactory epithelium through the olfactory bulb to the olfactory cortex of the telencephalon.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010088", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:DSM"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Segment of neural tree organ which is continuous with the olfactory epithelium and an olfactory bulb[FMA:46787]." xsd:string {source="FMA:46787"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The 1st cranial nerve. The olfactory nerve conveys the sense of smell. It is formed by the axons of OLFACTORY RECEPTOR NEURONS which project from the olfactory epithelium (in the nasal epithelium) to the OLFACTORY BULB[MESH:A08.800.800.120.640]." xsd:string {source="MESH:A08.800.800.120.640"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000703", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43, ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.625", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001643 name: oculomotor nerve namespace: uberon def: "Cranial nerve which connects the midbrain to the extra-ocular and intra-ocular muscles. // Cranial nerve that runs to the eye muscles." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Oculomotor_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "CN-III" RELATED [] synonym: "cranial nerve III" RELATED [] synonym: "nervus oculomotorius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Oculomotor_nerve] synonym: "nervus oculomotorius [iii]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50864, FMA:TA] synonym: "occulomotor" RELATED [] synonym: "oculomotor III" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001284] synonym: "oculomotor III nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "Oculomotor nerve [III]" EXACT [] synonym: "oculomotor nerve tree" EXACT [] synonym: "third cranial nerve" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010468 xref: BM:MB-IIIN xref: EHDAA2:0001284 xref: EHDAA:3736 xref: EMAPA:17574 xref: FMA:50864 xref: GAID:829 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Gray776.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Gray776.png/200px-Gray776.png xref: MA:0001095 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.600 xref: ncithesaurus:Oculomotor_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1646 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvj7pZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362456009 xref: TAO:0000405 xref: UMLS:C0028864 xref: VHOG:0000692 xref: XAO:0003090 xref: ZFA:0000405 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010285 {source="Wikipedia"} ! midbrain basal plate relationship: develops_from_part_of UBERON:0005073 {source="GO"} ! preganglionic parasympathetic nervous system property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Somatic efferent fibers which innervate four eye muscles.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010468", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000692", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43, ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.625", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001644 name: trochlear nerve namespace: uberon def: "Cranial nerve that runs to the eye muscles." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Trochlear_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "CN-IV" RELATED [] synonym: "cranial nerve IV" RELATED [] synonym: "fourth cranial nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus trochlearis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trochlear_nerve] synonym: "nervus trochlearis [iv]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50865, FMA:TA] synonym: "pathetic nerve" RELATED [] synonym: "superior oblique nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "trochlear" RELATED [] synonym: "trochlear IV nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "Trochlear nerve [IV]" EXACT [] synonym: "trochlear nerve tree" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010469 xref: BM:IVN xref: EHDAA2:0002090 xref: EMAPA:18218 xref: FMA:50865 xref: GAID:838 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Trochlear_nerve.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Trochlear_nerve.png/200px-Trochlear_nerve.png xref: MA:0001105 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.800 xref: ncithesaurus:Trochlear_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1654 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvyeBQ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180939009 xref: TAO:0000600 xref: UMLS:C0041159 xref: VHOG:0000705 xref: XAO:0003091 xref: ZFA:0000600 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Somatic efferent nerve which supplies a single eye muscle, the m. obliquus superior.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010469", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000705", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43, ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.625", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001645 name: trigeminal nerve namespace: uberon def: "Cranial nerve that has three branches - the ophthalmic (supplying the skin of the nose and upper jaw), the maxillary and the mandibular (supplying the lower jaw)." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Trigeminal_nerve] comment: Taxon notes: the ophthalmic usually usually merges with the other two. In some vertebrates, the ophthalmic emerges from the brain separately[Kardong] The trigeminal nerve has 3 branches in mammals - similar branches are present in nonmammalian vertebrates, but in some a separate profundus nerve that corresponds to opthalmic branch in mammls[ISBN10:0471888893] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "CN-V" RELATED [] synonym: "cranial nerve V" RELATED [] synonym: "fifth cranial nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus trigeminus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_nerve] synonym: "nervus trigeminus" RELATED [BTO:0001072] synonym: "nervus trigeminus [v]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50866, FMA:TA] synonym: "trigeminal nerve [V]" EXACT [] synonym: "trigeminal nerve tree" EXACT [] synonym: "trigeminal V" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002084] synonym: "trigeminal v nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "trigeminus" RELATED [BTO:0001072] xref: AAO:0010470 xref: BM:VN xref: BTO:0001072 xref: EFO:0001402 xref: EHDAA2:0002084 xref: EHDAA:3738 xref: EMAPA:17576 xref: FMA:50866 xref: GAID:726 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Gray778_Trigeminal.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Gray778_Trigeminal.png/200px-Gray778_Trigeminal.png xref: MA:0001100 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.760 xref: ncithesaurus:Trigeminal_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_869 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwMF8CJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362459002 xref: TAO:0000697 xref: UMLS:C0040996 xref: VHOG:0000704 xref: XAO:0003092 xref: ZFA:0000697 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005239 {source="Wikipedia"} ! basal plate metencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Nerve consists of motor and sensory components. Ganglion cells of the sensory component form the proximal part of the trigeminal (Gasserian) ganglion. From the ganglion 3 major rami innervate jaws, snout, and buccal roof.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010470", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000704", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43, ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.625", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001646 name: abducens nerve namespace: uberon def: "Cranial nerve that runs to the eye muscles." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Abducens_nerve] comment: Taxon notes: Homologous abducens nerves are found in all vertebrates except lampreys and hagfishes.[WP] It controls the movement of a single muscle, the lateral rectus muscle of the eye, in humans. In most other mammals it also innervates the musculus retractor bulbi, which can retract the eye for protection[WP] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "abducens nerve [VI]" EXACT [] synonym: "abducens nerve tree" EXACT [] synonym: "abducens VI nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "abducent nerve" RELATED [] synonym: "abducent nerve [VI]" EXACT [] synonym: "CN-VI" RELATED [] synonym: "cranial nerve VI" RELATED [] synonym: "lateral rectus nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus abducens" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus abducens" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Abducens_nerve] synonym: "nervus abducens [VI]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50867, FMA:TA] synonym: "sixth cranial nerve" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010471 xref: BM:Pons-VIN xref: EHDAA2:0000103 xref: FMA:50867 xref: GAID:824 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Abducens_nerve1.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Abducens_nerve1.png/200px-Abducens_nerve1.png xref: MA:0001087 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.030 xref: ncithesaurus:Abducens_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_876 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvjl41ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180941005 xref: TAO:0000310 xref: UMLS:C0000741 xref: VHOG:0000697 xref: XAO:0003093 xref: ZFA:0000310 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005239 {source="Wikipedia"} ! basal plate metencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Somatic motor nerve which bifurcates innervating m. rectus lateralis and m. retractor bulbi (eye muscles).[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010471", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000697", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43, ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.625", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001647 name: facial nerve namespace: uberon def: "Cranial nerve that branches into the supraorbital (supplying the skin of the eye region and the lateral line organs here), the palatine (to the roof of the buccal cavity), and the hyomandibular (dividing into the jugular and mental branches)." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Facial_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "branchiomeric cranial nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "CN-VII" RELATED [] synonym: "cranial nerve VII" RELATED [] synonym: "face nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Facial nerve [VII]" EXACT [] synonym: "facial nerve tree" EXACT [] synonym: "facial VII" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000489] synonym: "facial VII nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "nerve of face" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nervus facialis" EXACT [ZFA:0000664] synonym: "nervus facialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Facial_nerve] synonym: "nervus facialis [vii]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50868, FMA:TA] synonym: "seventh cranial nerve" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010472 xref: BM:Pons-VIIN xref: EHDAA2:0000489 xref: EHDAA:3729 xref: EMAPA:17796 xref: FMA:50868 xref: GAID:719 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Cranial_nerve_VII.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Cranial_nerve_VII.svg/200px-Cranial_nerve_VII.svg.png xref: MA:0001091 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.250 xref: ncithesaurus:Facial_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_827 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvthgEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362460007 xref: TAO:0000664 xref: UMLS:C0015462 xref: VHOG:0000706 xref: XAO:0003094 xref: ZFA:0000664 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve is_a: UBERON:0011779 {is_inferred="true"} ! nerve of head region relationship: develops_from_part_of UBERON:0005073 {source="GO"} ! preganglionic parasympathetic nervous system relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005239 {source="Wikipedia"} ! basal plate metencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Slender nerve composed of branchiomotor and visceral efferent fibers innervating the mouth and various muscles within the jaw. Sensory components innervate the bucccal roof and somatomotor components innervate the depressor musculature and muscle interhyoideus.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010472", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:DSM"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000706", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43, ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.625", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001648 name: vestibulocochlear nerve namespace: uberon def: "Cranial nerve that runs to the ear." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Vestibulocochlear_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "acoustic nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "acoustic nerve (crosby)" EXACT [] synonym: "acoustic VIII nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "CN-VIII" EXACT [] synonym: "cochlear-vestibular nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "cochleovestibular nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "cranial nerve VIII" EXACT [] synonym: "eighth cranial nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus vestibulocochlearis" RELATED [BTO:0003490] synonym: "nervus vestibulocochlearis [viii]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50869, FMA:TA] synonym: "octaval nerve" RELATED [] synonym: "stato-acoustic nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "statoacoustic nerve" RELATED [] synonym: "Vestibulocochlear nerve [VIII]" EXACT [] synonym: "vestibulocochlear nerve tree" EXACT [] synonym: "vestibulocochlear VIII nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "VIII nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "VIIIth cranial nerve" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010473 xref: BTO:0003490 xref: EHDAA2:0002194 xref: EMAPA:17801 xref: FMA:50869 xref: GAID:839 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Gray789.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gray789.png/200px-Gray789.png xref: MA:0001109 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.910 xref: ncithesaurus:Vestibulocochlear_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_890 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjMFZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180945001 xref: TAO:0000247 xref: UMLS:C0001162 xref: VHOG:0000695 xref: XAO:0003095 xref: ZFA:0000247 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Nerve primarily composed of special somatic afferent fibers innervating the inner ear, and is involved in balance, position, and hearing.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010473", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:DSM"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000695", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43, ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.625", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001649 name: glossopharyngeal nerve namespace: uberon def: "Cranial nerve that branches into the ramus communicans (to the skin), the pretrematic (to the walls of the pharynx and mouth, viscero-sensory fibers), and the larval post-trematic branch (lost in the adult)." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Glossopharyngeal_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "CN-IX" RELATED [] synonym: "cranial nerve IX" RELATED [] synonym: "glossopharyngeal IX" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000709] synonym: "glossopharyngeal IX nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "Glossopharyngeal nerve [IX]" EXACT [] synonym: "glossopharyngeal nerve tree" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus glossopharyngeus" EXACT [ZFA:0000668] synonym: "nervus glossopharyngeus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Glossopharyngeal_nerve] synonym: "nervus glossopharyngeus [ix]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50870, FMA:TA] synonym: "ninth cranial nerve" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010474 xref: BTO:0004979 xref: EHDAA2:0000709 xref: EHDAA:3733 xref: EMAPA:17268 xref: FMA:50870 xref: GAID:827 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Gray791.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Gray791.png/200px-Gray791.png xref: MA:0001093 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.290 xref: ncithesaurus:Glossopharyngeal_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_899 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwIr5X5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362465002 xref: TAO:0000668 xref: UMLS:C0017679 xref: VHOG:0000701 xref: XAO:0003096 xref: ZFA:0000668 is_a: UBERON:0001785 {source="FMA"} ! cranial nerve relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005239 {notes="motor", source="Wikipedia"} ! basal plate metencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Small nerve consisting of branchiomotor and visceral efferent and afferent fibers which innervate the m. subarculais rectus I, dorsal buccal mucosa, and the tongue.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010474", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000701", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43, ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.625", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001650 name: hypoglossal nerve namespace: uberon def: "Nerve that innervates all the intrinsic and all but one of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue." [GO:0021566, Wikipedia:Hypoglossal_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "CN-XII" RELATED [VHOG:0000693] synonym: "cranial nerve XII" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_820] synonym: "Hypoglossal nerve [XII]" EXACT [] synonym: "hypoglossal nerve tree" EXACT [] synonym: "hypoglossal XII" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000798] synonym: "hypoglossal XII nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus hypoglossus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hypoglossal_nerve] synonym: "nervus hypoglossus [xii]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50871, FMA:TA] synonym: "twelfth cranial nerve" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010477 xref: BTO:0003386 xref: EHDAA2:0000798 xref: EHDAA:2859 xref: EMAPA:17269 xref: FMA:50871 xref: GAID:828 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Gray794.png xref: MA:0001094 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.330 xref: ncithesaurus:Hypoglossal_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_820 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv9eWA5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362471008 xref: UMLS:C0020614 xref: VHOG:0000693 xref: XAO:0004215 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Cranial nerve that innervates muscles in the tongue. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-14, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000693", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Nerve which innervates the muscles associated with the tongue including mm geniohyoideus, genioglossus, hyoglossus and rectus cervicis.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010477", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "Cranial nerves XI and XII evolved in the common ancestor to amniotes (non-amphibian tetrapods) thus totalling twelve pairs.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000693", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranial_nerves"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001675 name: trigeminal ganglion namespace: uberon def: "A prominent collection of touch-sensory neurons of the trigeminal or fifth cranial nerve, positioned beside the brain between the eye and the ear. Kimmel et al, 1995." [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_ganglion, ZFIN:curator] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "5th ganglion" EXACT [ZFA:0000295] synonym: "fifth ganglion" EXACT [ZFA:0000295] synonym: "ganglion of trigeminal nerve" RELATED [BTO:0001231] synonym: "ganglion trigeminale" RELATED [BTO:0001231] synonym: "ganglion trigeminale, ganglion semilunare" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_ganglion] synonym: "Gasser's ganglion" RELATED [BTO:0001231] synonym: "Gasserian ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_ganglion] synonym: "Gasserian ganglion" EXACT [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_ganglion] synonym: "gV" RELATED [] synonym: "semilunar ganglion" EXACT [ISBN10:0471888893] synonym: "trigeminal ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "trigeminal V ganglion" EXACT [MA:0001080] synonym: "trigeminus ganglion" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011107 xref: BTO:0001231 xref: EFO:0000903 xref: EHDAA2:0002085 xref: EHDAA:2113 xref: EMAPA:16797 xref: FMA:52618 xref: GAID:725 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Gray776.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Gray776.png/200px-Gray776.png xref: MA:0001080 xref: MAT:0000511 xref: MESH:A08.340.390.850 xref: ncithesaurus:Trigeminal_Ganglion xref: SCTID:244449009 xref: TAO:0000295 xref: UMLS:C0040995 xref: VHOG:0000694 xref: XAO:0000427 xref: XAO:0000428 xref: ZFA:0000295 is_a: UBERON:0001714 ! cranial ganglion is_a: UBERON:0001800 {source="ncithesaurus"} ! sensory ganglion property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "A prominent collection of touch-sensory neurons of the trigeminal or fifth cranial nerve, positioned beside the brain between the eye and the ear. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000295", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001699 name: sensory root of facial nerve namespace: uberon def: "The nervus intermedius, or intermediate nerve, is the part of the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) located between the motor component of the facial nerve and the vestibulocochlear nerve (cranial nerve VIII). It contains the sensory and parasympathetic fibers of the facial nerve. Upon reaching the facial canal, it joins with the motor root of the facial nerve at the geniculate ganglion. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Intermediate_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "intermediate nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus intermedius" EXACT LATIN [FMA:53410, FMA:TA] synonym: "Wrisberg's nerve" EXACT [] xref: FMA:53410 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Gray788.png/200px-Gray788.png xref: SCTID:279927001 xref: TAO:0000679 xref: ZFA:0000679 is_a: UBERON:0004674 ! facial nerve root relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0001700 name: geniculate ganglion namespace: uberon def: "The geniculate ganglion is an L-shaped collection of fibers and sensory neurons of the facial nerve located in the facial canal of the head. It receives fibers from the motor, sensory, and parasympathetic components of the facial nerve and sends fibers that will innervate the lacrimal glands, submandibular glands, sublingual glands, tongue, palate, pharynx, external auditory meatus, stapedius, posterior belly of the digastric muscle, stylohyoid muscle, and muscles of facial expression. Sensory and parasympathetic inputs are carried into the geniculate ganglion via the nervus intermedius. Motor fibers are carried via the facial nerve proper. The greater petrosal nerve, which carries sensory fibers as well as preganglionic parasympathetic fibers, emerges from the anterior aspect of the ganglion. The geniculate ganglion is one of several ganglia of the head and neck. Like the others, it is a bilaterally distributed structure, with each side of the face having a geniculate ganglion. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Geniculate_ganglion] comment: Editor notes: resolve facial VII vs geniculate (see EHDAA2) subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "facial ganglion" RELATED [ZFA:0001291] synonym: "facial VII ganglion" EXACT [MA:0001076] synonym: "ganglion genicularum" EXACT [FMA:53414] synonym: "ganglion geniculi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Geniculate_ganglion] synonym: "ganglion geniculi nervi facialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Geniculate_ganglion] synonym: "genicular ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53414] synonym: "genicular ganglion" EXACT [Wikipedia:Geniculate_ganglion] synonym: "geniculate" BROAD [Wikipedia:Geniculate_ganglion] synonym: "geniculate ganglion" RELATED [MA:0001076] synonym: "gVII" EXACT [ZFA:0001291] synonym: "internal genu" RELATED [Wikipedia:Geniculate_ganglion] xref: EFO:0003669 xref: EHDAA2:0000491 xref: EHDAA2:0004623 xref: EHDAA:5567 xref: EHDAA:6644 xref: EMAPA:16983 xref: EMAPA:17569 xref: FMA:53414 xref: GAID:718 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Gray789.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gray789.png/200px-Gray789.png xref: MA:0001076 xref: MESH:A08.340.390.380 xref: ncithesaurus:Geniculate_Ganglion xref: SCTID:279076005 xref: TAO:0001291 xref: UMLS:C0017406 xref: VHOG:0000707 xref: ZFA:0001291 is_a: UBERON:0001714 {source="MA"} ! cranial ganglion is_a: UBERON:0001800 {source="ncithesaurus"} ! sensory ganglion is_a: UBERON:0009127 {is_inferred="true"} ! epibranchial ganglion relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009124 {source="ZFA", source="EHDAA2:0004623"} ! geniculate placode relationship: develops_from UBERON:0012175 {source="EHDAA2:0000491"} ! acoustico-facial VII-VIII ganglion complex property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "These (the epibranchial placodes) are focal thickenings of the embryonic ectoderm that form immediately dorsal and caudal of the clefts between the pharyngeal arches in all vertebrates, and they produce the neuroblasts which migrate and condense to form the distal cranial ganglia: the geniculate, petrosal and nodose ganglia. (...) The one substantial difference between the vertebrate pharyngeal arches and those of the protochordates is the presence of the epibranchial placodes but the evolution of these structures was undoubtedly driven by the endoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000707", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19910133.x Graham A. The development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001701 name: glossopharyngeal ganglion namespace: uberon def: "the group of neuron cell bodies associated with the ninth cranial nerve." [MP:0001096] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ganglion of glosspharyngeal nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "gIX" RELATED [] synonym: "glossopharyngeal IX ganglion" EXACT [MA:0001077] synonym: "petrosal ganglion" NARROW [ZFA:0001301] xref: EHDAA2:0000710 xref: EHDAA:2838 xref: EMAPA:16795 xref: FMA:53471 xref: MA:0001077 xref: SCTID:244451008 xref: TAO:0001301 xref: VHOG:0000702 xref: ZFA:0001301 is_a: UBERON:0001714 {source="MA"} ! cranial ganglion is_a: UBERON:0001714 {source="FMA"} ! cranial ganglion is_a: UBERON:0009127 {source="ZFA"} ! epibranchial ganglion relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009125 {source="EHDAA2", source="ZFA"} ! petrosal placode property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "These (the epibranchial placodes) are focal thickenings of the embryonic ectoderm that form immediately dorsal and caudal of the clefts between the pharyngeal arches in all vertebrates, and they produce the neuroblasts which migrate and condense to form the distal cranial ganglia: the geniculate, petrosal and nodose ganglia. (...) The one substantial difference between the vertebrate pharyngeal arches and those of the protochordates is the presence of the epibranchial placodes but the evolution of these structures was undoubtedly driven by the endoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000702", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19910133.x Graham A. The development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001714 name: cranial ganglion namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0003213 def: "Ganglion of a cranial nerve[cjm]." [Wikipedia:Cranial_nerve_ganglion] comment: Editor note: split out MA ter,. Note the MA term is part of the CNS. This needs to be checked w.r.t relationship between ganglia and the PNS, as the PNS and CNS are spatially disjoint. also meaning of MA term is not clear (appears to be union of nerve and ganglion, but MA 'cranial nerve' is unconnected) subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cranial ganglia" RELATED [] synonym: "cranial ganglion" EXACT [] synonym: "cranial ganglion/nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "cranial nerve ganglion" EXACT [] synonym: "cranial neural ganglion" EXACT [] synonym: "cranial neural tree organ ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ganglion of cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:54502] synonym: "ganglion of cranial neural tree organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "head ganglion" RELATED [] synonym: "presumptive cranial ganglia" RELATED [ZFA:0000013] xref: BTO:0000106 xref: EFO:0000902 xref: EMAPA:16659 xref: FMA:54502 xref: MA:0000213 xref: MA:0000214 xref: MAT:0000200 xref: MIAA:0000200 xref: SCTID:244448001 xref: TAO:0000013 xref: VHOG:0000076 xref: XAO:0000027 xref: ZFA:0000013 is_a: UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion is_a: UBERON:0003338 {is_inferred="true"} ! ganglion of peripheral nervous system intersection_of: UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Ganglion which is located in the head.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000013", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001715 name: oculomotor nuclear complex namespace: uberon def: "The fibers of the oculomotor nerve arise from a nucleus in the midbrain, which lies in the gray substance of the floor of the cerebral aqueduct and extends in front of the aqueduct for a short distance into the floor of the third ventricle. From this nucleus the fibers pass forward through the tegmentum, the red nucleus, and the medial part of the substantia nigra, forming a series of curves with a lateral convexity, and emerge from the oculomotor sulcus on the medial side of the cerebral peduncle. The nucleus of the oculomotor nerve does not consist of a continuous column of cells, but is broken up into a number of smaller nuclei, which are arranged in two groups, anterior and posterior. Those of the posterior group are six in number, five of which are symmetrical on the two sides of the middle line, while the sixth is centrally placed and is common to the nerves of both sides. The anterior group consists of two nuclei, an antero-medial and an antero-lateral . The nucleus of the oculomotor nerve, considered from a physiological standpoint, can be subdivided into several smaller groups of cells, each group controlling a particular muscle. A nearby nucleus, the Edinger-Westphal nucleus, is responsible for the autonomic functions of the oculomotor nerve, including pupillary constriction and lens accommodation. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Nucleus_of_oculomotor_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "motor nucleus III" RELATED [] synonym: "nIII" RELATED [] synonym: "nucleus nervi oculomotorii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54510, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus of oculomotor nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus of third cranial nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "oculomotor III nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001073] synonym: "oculomotor nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "third cranial nerve nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:III xref: BM:MB-III xref: EFO:0002468 xref: EHDAA2:0004211 xref: EV:0100250 xref: FMA:54510 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png/200px-Cn3nucleus.png xref: MA:0001073 xref: ncithesaurus:Oculomotor_Nucleus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1240 xref: SCTID:362457000 xref: TAO:0000553 xref: UMLS:C0228686 xref: VHOG:0001389 xref: ZFA:0000553 is_a: UBERON:0000126 ! cranial nerve nucleus is_a: UBERON:0007414 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001717 name: spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve namespace: uberon def: "The spinal trigeminal nucleus is a nucleus in the medulla that receives information about deep/crude touch, pain, and temperature from the ipsilateral face. The facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus nerves also convey pain information from their areas to the spinal trigeminal nucleus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Spinal_trigeminal_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus spinalis nervi trigemini" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Spinal_trigeminal_nucleus] synonym: "spinal nucleus of cranial nerve v" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal trigeminal nucleus" EXACT [GO:0021741] synonym: "trigeminal nerve spinal tract nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "trigeminal spinal nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "trigeminal v spinal sensory nucleus" EXACT [] xref: BM:VSp xref: FMA:54565 xref: GAID:605 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray696.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray696.png/200px-Gray696.png xref: MA:0001053 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.931.920 xref: ncithesaurus:Nucleus_of_the_Spinal_Tract_of_the_Trigeminal_Nerve xref: SCTID:369033006 xref: UMLS:C0041000 xref: VHOG:0001357 is_a: UBERON:0004132 {source="MA"} ! trigeminal sensory nucleus is_a: UBERON:0007635 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="MA"} ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0001718 name: mesencephalic nucleus of trigeminal nerve namespace: uberon def: "The mesencephalic nucleus is involved with proprioception of the face, that is, the feeling of position of the muscles. Unlike many nuclei within the CNS, the mesencephalic nucleus contains no chemical synapses but are electrically coupled. Instead, neurons of this nucleus are pseudounipolar cells receiving proprioceptive information from the jaw, and sending projections to the motor trigeminal nucleus to mediate monosynaptic jaw reflexes. It is also the only structure in the CNS to contain the cell bodies of a primary afferent, which are usually contained within ganglia. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Mesencephalic_nucleus_of_trigeminal_nerve] comment: Development notes: develops from NC in some species[UBERONREF:0000002] Not of NC origin[doi:10.1002/dvdy.1197]. AO notes: part of midbrain tegmentum in NIF and MA. the neurons of the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus are the only centrally located primary sensory neurons in amniotes; all others are extramedullary[PMID:11747082] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "Me5" BROAD [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1010] synonym: "mesencephalic nucleus" BROAD [Wikipedia:Mesencephalic_nucleus_of_trigeminal_nerve] synonym: "mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus" EXACT [GO:0021739] synonym: "mesencephalic trigeminal V nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus mesencephalicus nervi trigemini" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mesencephalic_nucleus_of_trigeminal_nerve] synonym: "nucleus of mesencephalic root of v" EXACT [] synonym: "trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "trigeminal nerve mesencepahlic nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "trigeminal V mesencephalic nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001057] xref: BM:Pons-5ME xref: EV:0100252 xref: FMA:54568 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray696.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray696.png/200px-Gray696.png xref: MA:0001057 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1010 xref: SCTID:369032001 xref: TAO:0000312 xref: VHOG:0001354 xref: ZFA:0000312 is_a: UBERON:0004132 ! trigeminal sensory nucleus is_a: UBERON:0007414 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 {source="MA"} ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 {source="NIF"} ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0001719 name: nucleus ambiguus namespace: uberon def: "The nucleus ambiguus (literally 'ambiguous nucleus') is a region of histologically disparate cells located just dorsal to the inferior olivary nucleus in the lateral portion of the upper medulla. It receives upper motor neuron innervation directly via the corticobulbar tract This nucleus gives rise to the efferent motor fibers of the vagus nerve terminating in the laryngeal and pharyngeal muscles, as well as to the efferent motor fibers of the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) terminating in the stylopharyngeus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Nucleus_ambiguus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ambiguus nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:AMB xref: BM:Me-AMB xref: EHDAA2:0004305 xref: EV:0100292 xref: FMA:54588 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Gray695.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Gray695.png/200px-Gray695.png xref: MA:0001050 xref: ncithesaurus:Nucleus_Ambiguus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2650 xref: SCTID:280184006 xref: UMLS:C0152400 is_a: UBERON:0007635 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of medulla oblongata is_a: UBERON:0011775 {source="Wikipedia"} ! vagus nerve nucleus relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010126 {evidence="definitional"} ! future nucleus ambiguus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="MA"} ! medulla oblongata property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002154 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002559 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001720 name: cochlear nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The cochlear nuclei consist of: (a) the dorsal cochlear nucleus, corresponding to the tuberculum acusticum on the dorso-lateral surface of the inferior peduncle; and (b) the ventral or accessory cochlear nucleus, placed between the two divisions of the nerve, on the ventral aspect of the inferior peduncle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cochlear_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cochlear nucleus of acoustic nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "cochlear nucleus of eighth cranial nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "cochlear VIII nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001012] synonym: "nucleus of cochlear nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "statoacoustic (VIII) nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "vestibulocochlear nucleus" RELATED [] xref: FMA:54603 xref: GAID:601 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray691.png/200px-Gray691.png xref: MA:0001012 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.810.428.600.135 xref: ncithesaurus:Cochlear_Nucleus xref: SCTID:362463009 xref: TAO:0002243 xref: ZFA:0001638 is_a: UBERON:0000126 ! cranial nerve nucleus is_a: UBERON:0002680 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 {is_inferred="true"} ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons [Term] id: UBERON:0001721 name: inferior vestibular nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The inferior vestibular nucleus is the vestibular nucleus which lies near the fourth ventricle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_vestibular_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "descending vestibular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54608] synonym: "nucleus vestibularis inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_vestibular_nucleus] synonym: "spinal vestibular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54608] xref: ABA:SPIV xref: BM:Me-VS-VSI xref: BTO:0004369 xref: EV:0100258 xref: FMA:54608 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Gray700.png xref: MA:0001054 xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Vestibular_Nucleus xref: SCTID:280175006 xref: UMLS:C0175498 is_a: UBERON:0007228 ! vestibular nucleus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001722 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007227 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007230 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001722 name: medial vestibular nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The medial vestibular nucleus is one of the vestibular nuclei. It is located in the medulla oblongata. Lateral vestibulo-spinal tract (lateral vestibular nucleus Deiters)- via ventrolateral medulla and spinal cord to ventral funiculus (lumbo-sacral segments). Ipsilaterally for posture Medial vestibulo-spinal tract (medial, lateral, inferior, vestibular nuclei), bilateral projection via descending medial longitudinal fasciculus to cervical segments. DESCENDING MLF. Bilaterally for head/neck/eye movements [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_vestibular_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "chief vestibular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54611] synonym: "dorsal vestibular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54611] synonym: "medial nucleus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_vestibular_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus of schwalbe" EXACT [FMA:54611] synonym: "nucleus triangularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54611, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus vestibularis medialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_vestibular_nucleus] synonym: "principal vestibular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54611] synonym: "schwalbe's nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54611] synonym: "triangular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54611] xref: ABA:MV xref: BM:Me-VS-VSM xref: BTO:0004371 xref: FMA:54611 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Lower_pons_horizontal_KB.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Gray700.png/200px-Gray700.png xref: MA:0001048 xref: ncithesaurus:Medial_Vestibular_Nucleus xref: SCTID:280174005 xref: UMLS:C0036385 is_a: UBERON:0007228 ! vestibular nucleus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001721 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007227 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007230 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001727 name: taste bud namespace: uberon def: "Taste buds are small structures on the upper surface of the tongue, soft palate, upper esophagus and epiglottis that provide information about the taste of food being eaten. These structures are involved in detecting the five elements of taste perception: salty, sour, bitter, sweet, and umami (or savory). Via small openings in the tongue epithelium, called taste pores, parts of the food dissolved in saliva come into contact with the taste receptors. These are located on top of the taste receptor cells that constitute the taste buds. The taste receptor cells send information detected by clusters of various receptors and ion channels to the gustatory areas of the brain via the seventh, ninth and tenth cranial nerves. The human tongue has about 10,000 taste buds. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Taste_bud] comment: Editor notes: todo - account for non-tongue taste buds. Development notes: arise by inductive interactions between epithelial cells and invading gustatory cells from chorda tympani (facial), glossophrayngeal and vagues nerves ISBN10:1607950324 (todo - request cell terms from CL) Taste buds form in greatest concentration on the dorsal surface of the tongue subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "caliculus gustatorius" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Taste_bud] synonym: "caliculus gustatorius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Taste_bud] synonym: "taste buds" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Taste_bud] synonym: "taste-bud" RELATED [Wikipedia:Taste_bud] synonym: "tastebud" EXACT [Wikipedia:Taste_bud] synonym: "tastebuds" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Taste_bud] xref: AAO:0010573 xref: BTO:0000989 xref: FMA:54825 xref: GAID:815 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/Gray1018.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Gray1018.png/200px-Gray1018.png xref: MA:0001591 xref: MESH:A08.800.550.700.120.800 xref: ncithesaurus:Taste_Bud xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4101 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjan5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362099006 xref: TAO:0001074 xref: UMLS:C0039337 xref: VHOG:0000130 xref: XAO:0000445 xref: ZFA:0001074 is_a: UBERON:0000073 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002926 {source="NIF"} ! gustatory epithelium property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "A chemoreceptive organ.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010573", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "One of a number of receptor cell nests located in the epithelium of the papillae of the tongue and in the soft palate, epiglottis, and pharynx that mediate the sense of taste. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000130", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/taste+bud"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "Experients in amphibia have shown that an intrinsic feature of the pharyngeal endoderm is its ability to generate taste buds and this capacity must have been acquired by the endoderm at the origin of the vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000130", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19910133.x Graham A. The development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001759 name: vagus nerve namespace: uberon def: "Cranial nerve that branches into the lateral (to body sense organs) and the intestino-accessorial (to the skin, muscles of shoulder, hyoid, larynx, gut, lungs, and heart)." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Vagus_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "CN-X" RELATED [] synonym: "cranial nerve X" RELATED [] synonym: "nervus vagus" RELATED [BTO:0003472] synonym: "nervus vagus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vagus_nerve] synonym: "nervus vagus [x]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5731, FMA:TA] synonym: "pneuomgastric nerve" RELATED [BTO:0003472] synonym: "tenth cranial nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "vagal nerve" RELATED [] synonym: "vagus" EXACT [] synonym: "Vagus nerve [X]" EXACT [] synonym: "vagus nerve tree" EXACT [] synonym: "vagus X nerve" EXACT [MA:0001106] xref: AAO:0010475 xref: BTO:0003472 xref: EFO:0002549 xref: FMA:5731 xref: GAID:721 xref: galen:VagusNerve xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Gray791.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Gray791.png/200px-Gray791.png xref: MA:0001106 xref: MESH:A08.800.050.050.925 xref: ncithesaurus:Vagus_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_801 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rviHk2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362466001 xref: TAO:0000453 xref: UMLS:C0042276 xref: VHOG:0000737 xref: XAO:0003097 xref: ZFA:0000453 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve relationship: develops_from_part_of UBERON:0005073 {source="GO"} ! preganglionic parasympathetic nervous system relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005239 {notes="motor", source="Wikipedia"} ! basal plate metencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Nerve consisting of branchiomotor and visceral efferent fibers which branch and innervate the smooth muscles and glands of the heart, lungs, esophagus, and stomach as well as some throat muscles. Sensory fibers supply mucosa of the mouth and pharynx.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010475", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000737", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43, ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.625", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001780 name: spinal nerve namespace: uberon def: "Neural tree (organ) which is directly continuous with the spinal cord. Examples: Fifth cervical spinal nerve, third lumbar spinal nerve." [Wikipedia:Spinal_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "backbone nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of backbone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of spinal column" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of spine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of vertebral column" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nervi spinales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Spinal_nerve] synonym: "spinal column nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinal nerve tree" EXACT [] synonym: "spine nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vertebral column nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: AAO:0011101 xref: BTO:0000870 xref: EHDAA2:0001898 xref: EMAPA:16989 xref: FMA:5858 xref: GAID:841 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Spinal_nerve.svg xref: MA:0000233 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720 xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Nerve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwK_iFJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361099009 xref: UMLS:C0037941 xref: VHOG:0000824 xref: XAO:0003101 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Any of the paired nerves emerging from the spinal cord, each attached to the cord by two roots: ventral and dorsal, and passing out between the vertebrae. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000824", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/spinal+nerve"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001785 name: cranial nerve namespace: uberon def: "Cranial nerves are nerves that emerge directly from the brain, in contrast to spinal nerves, which emerge from segments of the spinal cord. In humans, there are traditionally twelve pairs of cranial nerves. Only the first and the second pair emerge from the cerebrum; the remaining ten pairs emerge from the brainstem[WP]." [Wikipedia:Cranial_nerve] comment: Editors note: classified as neural tree organ, not nerve in FMA. CN II poses a challenge here as it is not strictly a nerve, yet is expected to be classified under CN. Note EMAPA subdivides nerve into CNS nerve and PNS nerve, with *all* cranial nerves classified as CNS nerves. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cranial nerves" RELATED [] synonym: "cranial neural tree organ" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus cranialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cranial_nerve] xref: AAO:0000108 xref: BTO:0001104 xref: EHDAA2:0000323 xref: EMAPA:17263 xref: EMAPA:17264 xref: FMA:5865 xref: GAID:802 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Brain_human_normal_inferior_view_with_labels_en-2.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Brain_human_normal_inferior_view_with_labels_en.svg/200px-Brain_human_normal_inferior_view_with_labels_en.svg.png xref: MA:0000215 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120 xref: ncithesaurus:Cranial_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1623 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvWvJVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244447006 xref: TAO:0000641 xref: UMLS:C0010268 xref: VHOG:0000279 xref: XAO:0000429 xref: XAO:0003089 xref: ZFA:0000641 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Twelve pairs of cranial nerves exit/enter the cranium through openings in the skull. The nerves contain efferent axons with motor and glandular functions, as well as afferent axons from cranial ganglia with sensory functions. The nerves are numbered in a rostral to caudal sequence, with the exception of the lateral line nerves.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000641", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000279", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001800 name: sensory ganglion namespace: uberon def: "the clusters of neurons in the somatic peripheral nervous system which contain the cell bodies of sensory nerve axons, interneurons and non-neuronal supporting cells." [MP:0000960] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "ganglion sensorium" EXACT [] xref: AEO:0001000 xref: FMA:5885 xref: MA:0002566 xref: MESH:A08.340.390 xref: ncithesaurus:Sensory_Ganglion xref: UMLS:C0206429 is_a: UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0001805 name: autonomic ganglion namespace: uberon def: "ganglion that has dendrites that form a junction between autonomic nerves originating from the central nervous system and autonomic nerves innervating their target organs in the periphery. There are two subtypes, sympathetic ganglion and parasympathetic ganglion." [Wikipedia:Autonomic_ganglion] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "autonomic nervous system ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ganglion autonomicum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Autonomic_ganglion] synonym: "ganglion of autonomic nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ganglion of visceral nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "visceral nervous system ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: AEO:0001001 xref: EMAPA:17157 xref: EMAPA:18221 xref: FMA:5889 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Gray839.png xref: MA:0000220 xref: ncithesaurus:Autonomic_Ganglion xref: UMLS:C0017068 is_a: UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion is_a: UBERON:0003338 {is_inferred="true"} ! ganglion of peripheral nervous system intersection_of: UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0001806 name: sympathetic ganglion namespace: uberon def: "Sympathetic ganglia are the ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system. They deliver information to the body about stress and impending danger, and are responsible for the familiar fight-or-flight response. They contain approximately 20000–30000 nerve cell bodies and are located close to and on either side of the spinal cord in long chains. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sympathetic_ganglion] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ganglion of sympathetic nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ganglion of sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ganglion sympatheticum" EXACT [] synonym: "ganglion sympathicum" RELATED [BTO:0001333] synonym: "ganglion sympathicum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sympathetic_ganglion] synonym: "sympathetic nervous system ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: AAO:0010773 xref: BTO:0001333 xref: EHDAA2:0001969 xref: EMAPA:17157 xref: FMA:5890 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Gray839.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Gray839.png/200px-Gray839.png xref: MA:0000226 xref: ncithesaurus:Sympathetic_Ganglion xref: SCTID:362485003 xref: UMLS:C0017071 is_a: UBERON:0001805 ! autonomic ganglion intersection_of: UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0001807 name: paravertebral ganglion namespace: uberon def: "Trunk ganglion which is part of a bilaterally paired set of sympathetic ganglia located anterior and lateral to the spinal cord." [Wikipedia:Paravertebral_ganglion, ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ganglion of sympathetic trunk" EXACT [] synonym: "ganglion trunci sympathetici" EXACT [] synonym: "ganglion trunci sympathici" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5891, FMA:TA] synonym: "sympathetic chain ganglion" EXACT [] xref: FMA:5891 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Gray847.png/200px-Gray847.png xref: TAO:0001556 xref: ZFA:0001556 is_a: UBERON:0001806 {is_inferred="true"} ! sympathetic ganglion is_a: UBERON:0007134 {source="ZFA"} ! trunk ganglion relationship: part_of UBERON:0000013 {source="ZFA"} ! sympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0001808 name: parasympathetic ganglion namespace: uberon def: "Parasympathetic ganglia are the autonomic ganglia of the parasympathetic nervous system. Most are small terminal ganglia or intramural ganglia, so named because they lie near or within (respectively) the organs they innervate. The exceptions are the four paired parasympathetic ganglia of the head and neck. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Parasympathetic_ganglion] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ganglion parasympathicum" RELATED [BTO:0001256] synonym: "ganglion parasympathicum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Parasympathetic_ganglion] xref: BTO:0001256 xref: EHDAA2:0001400 xref: FMA:5894 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Gray839.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Gray839.png/200px-Gray839.png xref: MA:0002469 xref: ncithesaurus:Parasympathetic_Ganglion xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100303 xref: SCTID:279284004 xref: UMLS:C0017069 intersection_of: UBERON:0001805 ! autonomic ganglion intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000011 ! parasympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0001809 name: enteric ganglion namespace: uberon def: "." [Wikipedia:Enteric_ganglia] synonym: "intramural ganglion" EXACT [FMA:5896] xref: FMA:5896 xref: MA:0001144 xref: ncithesaurus:Enteric_Ganglion xref: UMLS:C0501399 is_a: UBERON:0001808 {source="FMA"} ! parasympathetic ganglion intersection_of: UBERON:0001808 ! parasympathetic ganglion intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002005 ! enteric nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0001810 name: nerve plexus namespace: uberon def: "Anatomical junction where subdivisions of two or more neural trees interconnect with one another to form a network through which nerve fibers of the constituent nerve trees become regrouped; together with other nerve plexuses, nerves and ganglia, it constitutes the peripheral nervous system. Examples: cervical nerve plexus, brachial nerve plexus, sacral nerve plexus[FMA]." [FMA:5901, Wikipedia:Nervous_system_plexus] comment: in FMA this is a subtype of junction rather than tissue subset: uberon_slim xref: AEO:0000138 xref: BTO:0000205 xref: EHDAA2:0003138 xref: EHDAA:3780 xref: FMA:5901 xref: MA:0002407 xref: ncithesaurus:Nerve_Plexus xref: SCTID:122455009 xref: UMLS:C0501403 is_a: UBERON:0003714 ! neural tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0001813 name: somatic nerve plexus namespace: uberon def: "A nerve plexus that is part of a somatic nervous system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: TODO - check synonym: "plexus nervorum spinalium" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5903, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus of spinal nerves" EXACT [FMA:5903] synonym: "spinal nerve plexus" EXACT [FMA:5903] xref: EHDAA2:0001899 xref: EMAPA:16987 xref: FMA:5903 xref: MA:0000235 xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Nerve_Plexus xref: SCTID:42280003 xref: UMLS:C0228603 xref: VHOG:0000925 intersection_of: UBERON:0001810 ! nerve plexus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000012 ! somatic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0001814 name: brachial nerve plexus namespace: uberon def: "The brachial plexus is an arrangement of nerve fibers, running from the spine, formed by the ventral rami of the lower cervical and upper thoracic nerve root, specifically from below the fifth cervical vertebra to above the first thoracic vertebra. It proceeds through the neck, the axilla (armpit region) and into the arm. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Brachial_plexus] comment: check superclass - nerve vs collection of fibers vs junction; note that FMA also has 'brachial autonomic nerve plexus' subset: uberon_slim synonym: "brachial plexus" EXACT [MA:0001180] synonym: "plexus brachialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Brachial_plexus] synonym: "plexus brachialis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brachial_plexus] xref: EHDAA2:0000180 xref: EHDAA:3782 xref: EMAPA:16988 xref: FMA:5906 xref: GAID:842 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Gray808.png/200px-Gray808.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Brachial_plexus_color.svg/750px-Brachial_plexus_color.svg.png xref: MA:0001180 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.050 xref: ncithesaurus:Brachial_Plexus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwNWmO5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181002002 xref: UMLS:C0006090 xref: VHOG:0000372 is_a: UBERON:0001813 {source="MA"} ! somatic nerve plexus property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "A nerve plexus originating from the anterior branches of the last four cervical and the first thoracic spinal nerves, giving off many of the principal nerves of the shoulder, chest, and arms. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000372", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/brachial+plexus"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "To reach the muscles, dermatomes, and other structures of the limbs, some of the neurons in the spinal nerves come together in the plexus at the base of the limb. Such plexuses occur in all gnathostomes, and they reach their highest complexity among mammals and birds in which the cervical plexus supplies many ventral neck muscles, the brachial plexus supplies the pectoral appendage, a lumbosacral plexus supplies the pelvic appendage, and a coccygeal plexus supplies some of the pelvic muscles.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000372", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.436", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001815 name: lumbosacral nerve plexus namespace: uberon def: "The anterior divisions of the lumbar nerve, sacral nerve, and coccygeal nerves form the lumbosacral plexus, the first lumbar nerve being frequently joined by a branch from the twelfth thoracic. For descriptive purposes this plexus is usually divided into three parts: lumbar plexus sacral plexus pudendal plexus [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lumbosacral_plexus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lumbosacral plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "plexus lumbosacralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5907, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus lumbosacralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lumbosacral_plexus] xref: EHDAA2:0001040 xref: EHDAA:4673 xref: EMAPA:17587 xref: FMA:5907 xref: GAID:849 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Gray822.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Gray822.png/200px-Gray822.png xref: MA:0001181 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.450 xref: ncithesaurus:Lumbosacral_Plexus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvzYo75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181049003 xref: UMLS:C0024093 xref: VHOG:0000926 is_a: UBERON:0001813 ! somatic nerve plexus property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "To reach the muscles, dermatomes, and other structures of the limbs, some of the neurons in the spinal nerves come together in the plexus at the base of the limb. Such plexuses occur in all gnathostomes, and they reach their highest complexity among mammals and birds in which the cervical plexus supplies many ventral neck muscles, the brachial plexus supplies the pectoral appendage, a lumbosacral plexus supplies the pelvic appendage, and a coccygeal plexus supplies some of the pelvic muscles.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000926", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.436", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001816 name: autonomic nerve plexus namespace: uberon def: "A nerve plexus that is part of an autonomic nervous system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "autonomic plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "plexus autonomicus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5910, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus nervosus visceralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5910, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus visceralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5910, FMA:TA] synonym: "visceral nerve plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "visceral plexus" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18224 xref: FMA:5910 xref: MA:0000221 xref: SCTID:362482000 intersection_of: UBERON:0001810 ! nerve plexus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0001869 name: cerebral hemisphere namespace: uberon def: "One of two bilateral, largely symmetrical organ subdivisions within the telencephalon which contain the cerebral cortex and cerebral white matter.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Cerebral_hemisphere] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "hemisphere" RELATED [VHOG:0001639] synonym: "hemispherium cerebri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cerebral_hemisphere] synonym: "telencephalic vesicle" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010480 xref: BTO:0000231 xref: EFO:0002521 xref: FMA:61817 xref: galen:CerebralHemisphere xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Hemispheres.png xref: MA:0000133 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Hemisphere xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1042 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvigx5ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:278251007 xref: UMLS:C0228174 xref: VHOG:0001639 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001893 {source="FMA-abduced-lr"} ! telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Part of the telencephalon consisting of either of the two smooth, elongated halves of the cerebrum.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010480", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The presence of paired evaginated hemispheres and olfactory bulbs in both agnathan and gnathostome radiations suggests that such hemispheres were also present in the common ancestor.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001639", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1146/annurev.ne.04.030181.001505 Northcutt RG, Evolution of the telencephalon in nonmammals. Ann. Rev. Neurosci. (1981)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001870 name: frontal cortex namespace: uberon def: "Frontal lobe is the anterior-most of five lobes of the cerebral hemisphere. It is bounded by the central sulcus on its posterior border and by the longitudinal cerebral fissure on its medial border." [Wikipedia:Frontal_lobe] comment: Editor note: Many species don't have lobes but they do have frontal cortex. Lobe isn't a really well defined term though [MM] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "frontal lobe" EXACT [FMA:61824] synonym: "frontal region" EXACT [] synonym: "lobus frontalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Frontal_lobe] synonym: "regio frontalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61824, FMA:TA] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-FR xref: BTO:0000484 xref: EFO:0000913 xref: EV:0100167 xref: FMA:61824 xref: GAID:674 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Gray729.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gray729.png/200px-Gray729.png xref: MA:0000905 xref: MAT:0000505 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.213.270 xref: ncithesaurus:Frontal_Lobe xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_928 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090601 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv3OJ8JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180920004 xref: UMLS:C0016733 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001872 ! parietal lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex [Term] id: UBERON:0001871 name: temporal lobe namespace: uberon def: "Temporal lobe is the ventrolateral lobe of five lobes comprising each cerebral hemisphere. It is bounded dorsally by the lateral fissure and posteriorly by an arbitrary border shared with the occipital lobe." [Wikipedia:Temporal_lobe] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lobus temporalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Temporal_lobe] synonym: "temporal cortex" EXACT [] synonym: "temporal neocortex" EXACT [DHB:TCx] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-Te xref: BTO:0001355 xref: EFO:0000917 xref: EMAPA:18797 xref: EV:0100169 xref: FMA:61825 xref: GAID:635 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Gray730.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Gray730.png/200px-Gray730.png xref: MA:0000941 xref: MAT:0000508 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.213.863 xref: ncithesaurus:Temporal_Lobe xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1160 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwQLi-ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180921000 xref: UMLS:C0039485 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex [Term] id: UBERON:0001872 name: parietal lobe namespace: uberon def: "Parietal lobe is the one of five lobes of the cerebral hemisphere which occupies the dorsal-posterior portion of the hemisphere. It is bounded by the central sulcus on its anterior border and and by the longitudinal cerebral fissure on its medial border. Posteriorly it shares an arbitrary border with the occipital lobe." [Wikipedia:Parietal_lobe] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lobus parietalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Parietal_lobe] synonym: "parietal cortex" EXACT [] synonym: "parietal neocortex" EXACT [DHB:PCx] synonym: "parietal region" EXACT [] synonym: "regio parietalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61826, FMA:TA] xref: BTO:0001001 xref: EFO:0000914 xref: EV:0100168 xref: FMA:61826 xref: GAID:680 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Gray726_parietal_lobe.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Gray726_parietal_lobe.png/200px-Gray726_parietal_lobe.png xref: MA:0000916 xref: MAT:0000506 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.213.670 xref: ncithesaurus:Parietal_Lobe_of_the_Brain xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1148 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvg-typwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180922007 xref: UMLS:C0030560 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex [Term] id: UBERON:0001873 name: caudate nucleus namespace: uberon def: "Nucleus of brain which is an elongated crescent-shaped mass lying parallel and adjacent to the lateral ventricle throughout its extent." [Wikipedia:Caudate_nucleus] comment: CHECK - rodents. The caudate nucleus and putamen are separated by a clear white matter bundle in most species but not in rodents (MM) subset: uberon_slim synonym: "caudatus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus caudatus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Caudate_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus caudatus" RELATED [BTO:0000211] xref: BM:Tel-CA xref: BTO:0000211 xref: EFO:0000907 xref: EMAPA:18207 xref: EV:0100185 xref: FMA:61833 xref: GAID:670 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg/200px-Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg xref: MA:0000894 xref: MAT:0000513 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.105.487.550.184 xref: ncithesaurus:Caudate_Nucleus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1373 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvvyAjJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:279297002 xref: UMLS:C0007461 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010122 {evidence="definitional"} ! future caudate nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0002435 ! striatum relationship: part_of UBERON:0005383 ! caudate-putamen [Term] id: UBERON:0001874 name: putamen namespace: uberon def: "Nucleus of brain which lies ventral to the caudate nucleus and internal capsule and medial to the external capsule. The putamen and caudate nucleus together form the dorsal striatum. It is also one of the structures that comprises the basal ganglia. Through various pathways, the putamen is connected to the substantia nigra and globus pallidus. The main function of the putamen is to regulate movements and influence various types of learning. It employs dopamine to perform its functions. The putamen also plays a role in degenerative neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease." [Wikipedia:Putamen] comment: CHECK - rodents. The caudate nucleus and putamen are separated by a clear white matter bundle in most species but not in rodents (MM) subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus putamen" EXACT [] xref: BM:Tel-Pu xref: EV:0100187 xref: FMA:61834 xref: GAID:671 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/BrainCaudatePutamen.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/BrainCaudatePutamen.svg/200px-BrainCaudatePutamen.svg.png xref: MA:0000895 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.105.487.550.784 xref: ncithesaurus:Putamen xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_809 xref: SCTID:281512002 xref: UMLS:C0034169 xref: VHOG:0001456 is_a: UBERON:0002308 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 {source="FMA"} ! cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0002435 ! striatum relationship: part_of UBERON:0005383 ! caudate-putamen property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "All nuclei of the mammalian basal ganglia are also present in the oldest vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001456", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.cub.2011.05.001 Stephenson-Jones M, Samuelsson E, Ericsson J, Robertson B, Grillner S, Evolutionary conservation of the basal ganglia as a common vertebrate mechanism for action selection. Current Biology (2011)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001875 name: globus pallidus namespace: uberon def: "Subcortical nucleus, functionally part of the basal ganglia, which consists of two segments the external (or lateral) and internal (or medial) separated by the medial medullary lamina in primates. In rodents, The globus pallidus lateral is separated from the medial segment by the fibers of the internal capsule/cerebral peduncle[NIF]. Nucleus of brain which is located medially to the putamen and laterally to the internal capsule[FMA]." [FMA:61835, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1234, Wikipedia:Globus_pallidus] comment: BTO and MA are inconsistent w.r.t striatum and pallidum being non-overlapping as in ABA. Note that we have pallidum as part_of basal gangion, so we can make the direct link to basal ganglion. ISBN10:1588900649 says: ... a derivative of the diencephalon, seperates as a result of growing fibers of theinternal capsule and is finally displaced into telencephalon. only a small medial remnannt remains, the entopeduncular nucleus. The globus pallidus should be regarded as part of the subthalamus subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pale body" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1234] synonym: "paleostriatum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Globus_pallidus] synonym: "pallidium" RELATED [Wikipedia:Globus_pallidus] synonym: "pallidum" RELATED [GO:0021759, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1234, Wikipedia:Globus_pallidus] xref: BTO:0002246 xref: EFO:0000905 xref: EV:0100188 xref: FMA:61835 xref: GAID:668 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Brain_structure.gif xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Brain_structure.gif/200px-Brain_structure.gif xref: MA:0000890 xref: MAT:0000510 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.105.487.397 xref: ncithesaurus:Globus_Pallidus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1234 xref: SCTID:362361005 xref: UMLS:C0017651 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: develops_from_part_of UBERON:0001894 {source="GO", source="ISBN10:1588900649"} ! diencephalon relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002263 {source="BTO-weakened"} ! lentiform nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0002420 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! basal ganglion relationship: part_of UBERON:0006514 {source="MA"} ! pallidum property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "pallidal" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001876 name: amygdala namespace: uberon def: "Subdivision of basal ganglion of telencephalon which is an almond-shaped gray mass in the dorsomedial part of the temporal lobe[FMA]" [FMA:61841, Wikipedia:Amygdala] comment: AO notes: MA and FMA differ on relationship to basal ganglion. The FMA text def suggests a subdivision, but it is classified as a subtype subset: uberon_slim synonym: "amygdaloid area" RELATED [] synonym: "amygdaloid body" EXACT [] synonym: "amygdaloid complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1241] synonym: "amygdaloid nuclear complex" EXACT [] synonym: "amygdaloid nuclear group" RELATED [BTO:0001042] synonym: "amygdaloid nuclear groups" EXACT [] synonym: "amygdaloid nucleus" RELATED [FMA:61841] synonym: "archistriatum" EXACT [] synonym: "corpus amygdaloideum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Amygdala] synonym: "corpus amygdaloideum" RELATED [BTO:0001042] synonym: "nucleus amygdalae" RELATED [BTO:0001042] xref: BM:Tel-Am xref: BTO:0001042 xref: EFO:0000252 xref: EV:0100189 xref: EV:0100190 xref: FMA:61841 xref: GAID:616 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Amyg.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Amyg.png/200px-Amyg.png xref: MA:0000887 xref: MAT:0000289 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.577.090 xref: MIAA:0000289 xref: ncithesaurus:Amygdala xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1241 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwJC_2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:279404004 xref: UMLS:C0002708 xref: VHOG:0001277 is_a: UBERON:0002420 {source="FMA"} ! basal ganglion is_a: UBERON:0005401 {is_inferred="true"} ! cerebral grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0000349 {source="FMA"} ! limbic system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0001871 {source="BTO"} ! temporal lobe property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "One part of the striatum is called the archistriatum. (...) The archistriatum of fishes consists of several indistinctly segregated nuclei called the amygdaloid (...) complex. Tetrapods retain the structure, and in mammals the corresponding amygdala is a globular mass that tends to be ventral to the other basal nuclei.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001277", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471090588 Hildebrand M, Analysis of vertebrate structure (1983) p.342", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "amygdalar" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001877 name: medial septal nucleus namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "medial parolfactory nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "medial septum" NARROW [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1668] xref: ABA:MS xref: BM:Tel-Spt-SMN xref: BTO:0002446 xref: FMA:61879 xref: MA:0000935 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1668 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0001878 name: septofimbrial nucleus namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "nucleus septofibrialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_730] synonym: "scattered nucleus of the septum" EXACT [] xref: ABA:SF xref: BM:SFN xref: FMA:61881 xref: MA:0000938 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_730 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002667 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007630 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001879 name: nucleus of diagonal band namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "diagonal band nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus of the diagonal band of broca" EXACT [] synonym: "olfactory area (roberts)" EXACT [] xref: ABA:NDB xref: EHDAA2:0004708 xref: FMA:61882 xref: MA:0000936 xref: ncithesaurus:Nucleus_of_Diagonal_Band xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_719 xref: UMLS:C0175227 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002663 {source="FMA"} ! septal nuclear complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0007629 {source="MA"} ! medial septal complex [Term] id: UBERON:0001880 name: bed nucleus of stria terminalis namespace: uberon def: "A brain structure in the forebrain wrapped around the stria terminalis. It's largest extent can be found around the crossing of the anterior commissure[INCF]." [INCF:Seattle_mtg_2010, Wikipedia:Stria_terminalis#Bed_nucleus_of_the_stria_terminalis] synonym: "bed nucleus of the stria terminalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_724] synonym: "bed nucleus stria terminalis (johnson)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_724] synonym: "BST" BROAD [INCF:Seattle_mtg_2010] synonym: "intercalate nucleus of stria terminalis" EXACT [] synonym: "interstitial nucleus of stria terminalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_724] synonym: "nuclei of stria terminalis" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus of stria terminalis" EXACT [FMA:61884] synonym: "nucleus striae terminalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61884, FMA:TA] synonym: "stria terminalis nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:BST xref: BM:BNST xref: BTO:0002698 xref: EFO:0001971 xref: FMA:61884 xref: MA:0000925 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_724 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002663 {source="FMA"} ! septal nuclear complex relationship: surrounds UBERON:0003029 ! stria terminalis [Term] id: UBERON:0001881 name: island of calleja namespace: uberon def: "The islands of Calleja (IC, ISC, or IClj) are a group of neural granule cells located within the ventral striatum in the brains of most animals. This region of the brain is part of the limbic system, where it aids in the reinforcing effects of reward-like activities. Within most species, the islands are specifically located within the olfactory tubercle; however, in primates these islands are located within the nucleus accumbens, the reward center of the brain, since the olfactory tubercle has practically disappeared in the brains of primates. Both of these structures have been implicated in the processing of incentives as well as addictions to drugs. Projections to and from the islands supplement this knowledge with their involvement in the reward pathways for both cocaine and amphetamines. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Islands_of_Calleja] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "calleja island" EXACT [] synonym: "insulae olfactoriae, insula callejae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Islands_of_Calleja] synonym: "islands of calleja" EXACT [] xref: ABA:isl xref: BM:Tel-ISC xref: FMA:61888 xref: GAID:632 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Islands_of_Calleja_Rat.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Islands_of_Calleja_Rat.jpg/200px-Islands_of_Calleja_Rat.jpg xref: MA:0000977 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.577.699.400 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1113 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus disjoint_from: UBERON:0010010 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! basal nucleus of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001883 ! olfactory tubercle [Term] id: UBERON:0001882 name: nucleus accumbens namespace: uberon def: "a collection of pleomorphic cells in the caudal part of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle, in the region of the olfactory tubercle, lying between the head of the caudate nucleus and the anterior perforated substance. It is part of the ventral striatum, a composite structure considered part of the basal ganglia[GO]." [GO:0021768, Wikipedia:Nucleus_accumbens] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "accumbens nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "colliculus of caudate nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus accumbens septi" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus accumbens septi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nucleus_accumbens] xref: ABA:ACB xref: BM:Ac xref: BTO:0001862 xref: EFO:0000906 xref: EHDAA2:0004707 xref: FMA:61889 xref: GAID:672 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Circuit_du_syst%C3%A8me_de_recompense.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Circuit_du_syst%C3%A8me_de_recompense.jpg/200px-Circuit_du_syst%C3%A8me_de_recompense.jpg xref: MA:0000892 xref: MAT:0000512 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.105.683 xref: ncithesaurus:Accumbens_Nucleus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_727 xref: SCTID:427667007 xref: UMLS:C0028633 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus disjoint_from: UBERON:0010010 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! basal nucleus of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0000349 {source="FMA", source="GO"} ! limbic system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0005403 {source="MA"} ! ventral striatum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001883 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001883 name: olfactory tubercle namespace: uberon def: "a multi-sensory processing center in the olfactory cortex that plays a role in reward behaviors. The OT is a composite structure that receives direct input from the olfactory bulb and contains the morphological and histochemical characteristics of the ventral pallidum and the striatum of the forebrain (Heimer & Wilson 1975)." [Wikipedia:Anterior_perforated_substance] comment: AO notes: NIF has separate classes for exact syns in FMA subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior perforated area" EXACT [FMA:61891] synonym: "anterior perforated space" EXACT [FMA:61891] synonym: "anterior perforated substance" EXACT [FMA:61891] synonym: "olfactory area (Mai)" EXACT [FMA:61891] synonym: "substantia perforata anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_perforated_substance] synonym: "tuberculum olfactorium" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61891, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:OT xref: BM:Tel-OLT xref: BTO:0001869 xref: EHDAA2:0004701 xref: EV:0100177 xref: FMA:61891 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray732.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray732.png/200px-Gray732.png xref: MA:0000976 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1096 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005037 xref: SCTID:369108006 xref: VHOG:0001625 is_a: UBERON:0002020 {source="EHDAA2"} ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0004732 {is_inferred="true"} ! segmental subdivision of nervous system is_a: UBERON:0005401 {is_inferred="true"} ! cerebral grey matter disjoint_from: UBERON:0010010 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! basal nucleus of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 {source="FMA"} ! cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0002894 {source="EHDAA2-inferred", source="MA", source="Wikipedia"} ! olfactory cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0005401 {source="BTO"} ! cerebral grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001882 {source="ABA"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Subdivision of telencephalon which is a region on the ventro-medial aspect of the telencephalon penetrated by numerous blood vessels. It is bounded by the optic tract posteriorly and the olfactory trigone anteriorly[FMA:61891, Wikipedia:Anterior_perforated_substance]." xsd:string {source="FMA:61891"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001884 name: phrenic nerve namespace: uberon def: "The phrenic nerve arises from the third, fourth, and fifth cervical spinal nerves (C3-C5) in humans. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Phrenic_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "diaphragmatic nerve" RELATED [BTO:0001063] synonym: "nervus phrenicus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Phrenic_nerve] synonym: "nervus phrenicus" RELATED [BTO:0001063] synonym: "phrenic" RELATED [BTO:0001063] xref: BTO:0001063 xref: EHDAA:4677 xref: EMAPA:17813 xref: FMA:6191 xref: GAID:848 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Gray806.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Gray806.png/200px-Gray806.png xref: MA:0001170 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.150.700 xref: ncithesaurus:Phrenic_Nerve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvtmdUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:280344009 xref: UMLS:C0031774 xref: VHOG:0000728 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve is_a: UBERON:0003443 {is_inferred="true"} ! thoracic cavity nerve property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "A nerve that arises from the caudal cervical nerves and is primarily the motor nerve of the diaphragm but also sends sensory fibers to the pericardium. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000728", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/phrenic+nerve"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001885 name: dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation namespace: uberon def: "The dentate gyrus is one of two interlocking gyri of the hippocampus. It contains granule cells, which project to the pyramidal cells and interneurons of the CA3 region of the ammon gyrus[GO]." [Wikipedia:Dentate_gyrus] comment: BTO says dentate gyrus = fascia dentata + hilus. Note that GO classifies dentate gyrus development under hippocampus development subset: uberon_slim synonym: "area dentata" EXACT [] synonym: "dentate gyrus" EXACT [] synonym: "fascia dentata" NARROW [] synonym: "gyrus dentatus" RELATED [BTO:0002496] synonym: "gyrus dentatus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dentate_gyrus] synonym: "hippocampal dentate gyrus" RELATED [BTO:0002496] xref: ABA:DG xref: BM:Tel-DG xref: BTO:0002496 xref: BTO:0002615 xref: EFO:0001366 xref: EMAPA:19037 xref: FMA:61922 xref: GAID:624 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/HippocampalRegions.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/HippocampalRegions.jpg/200px-HippocampalRegions.jpg xref: MA:0000190 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.577.405.200 xref: ncithesaurus:Dentate_Gyrus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1178 xref: SCTID:279211002 xref: UMLS:C0152314 is_a: UBERON:0000200 {source="FMA"} ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002421 {source="MA"} ! hippocampal formation property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001954 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002601 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001886 name: choroid plexus namespace: uberon def: "A network formed by blood vessels and the tela choroidea which secretes CSF into the ventricular spaces." [ISBN10:0471888893, Wikipedia:Choroid_plexus] comment: TODO - check relationship to ventricle. Check subclass - ZFA says vasculature. Note that FMA:61934 (choroid plexus of cerebral hemisphere) has exact synonym 'choroid plexus' but it is not clear that this belongs here, as the fourth ventricle is not in the cerebral hemisphere subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "chorioid plexus" EXACT [FMA:61934] synonym: "choroid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" RELATED [FMA:61934] synonym: "plexus choroideus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61934, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus choroideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Choroid_plexus] synonym: "ventricular choroid plexus" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0000258 xref: EFO:0001915 xref: FMA:61934 xref: GAID:607 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Gray708.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Gray708.svg/200px-Gray708.svg.png xref: MA:0000823 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.276.298 xref: ncithesaurus:Choroid_Plexus xref: SCTID:264450003 xref: TAO:0001443 xref: UMLS:C0008524 xref: VHOG:0001377 xref: ZFA:0001443 is_a: UBERON:0005284 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain vasculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0004086 ! brain ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0005283 ! tela choroidea property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "A tuft of capillaries that project into the ventricles of the brain and secretes cerebral spinal fluid. The choroid plexus is covered by a cuboidal epithelium which maintains the integrity of the blood-brain barrier.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001443", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Fringe of the tela choroidea of the brain ventricles[MP]" xsd:string {source="MP:0000820"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "choroidal" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001887 name: internal capsule namespace: uberon def: "Internal capsule is an organ subdivision of the telencephalon which is made up primarily of myelinated axonal neural tissue (white matter). The internal capsule is a major set of fiber bundles lateral to the thalamus and caudate nucleus and medial to the putamen and globus pallidus. It projects dorsally to the white matter underlying the cerebral cortex." [Wikipedia:Internal_capsule] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "capsula interna" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Internal_capsule] synonym: "internal capsule radiations" EXACT [] xref: BM:IC xref: EMAPA:18206 xref: FMA:61950 xref: GAID:685 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg/200px-Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg xref: MA:0002748 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.435 xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Capsule xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1659 xref: UMLS:C0152341 is_a: UBERON:0002437 ! cerebral white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0001888 name: lateral olfactory tract namespace: uberon def: "The lateral olfactory stria is directed across the lateral part of the anterior perforated substance and then bends abruptly medialward toward the uncus of the hippocampal gyrus." [Wikipedia:Lateral_olfactory_stria] comment: Editor notes: We follow neurolex and use 'tract' rather than 'stria' as the primary label. We make this a subtype of olfactory tract. Currently this groups teleost and mammalian structures by the same name, but this may be a false grouping. For example, in zebrafish, the difference between medial and lateral depends on the region of telencephalon (dorsal or ventral). Taxon notes: In mammals the fibers of the dorsal lateral olfactory tract either pass under the accessory olfactory formation, or they penetrate through it separating the internal granule cells from the output cells.[PMID:7437895] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lateral olfactory stria" RELATED [FMA:61971] synonym: "LOT" RELATED ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "stria olfactoria lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_olfactory_stria] synonym: "tractus olfactorius lateralis" EXACT LATIN [ZFA:0000229] xref: BM:Tel-LOT xref: EV:0100175 xref: FMA:61971 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray732.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray732.png/200px-Gray732.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1559 xref: SCTID:369107001 xref: TAO:0000229 xref: ZFA:0000229 is_a: UBERON:0002265 ! olfactory tract property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Telencephalic white matter which extends between the olfactory bulb and the ipsilateral dorsal telencephalon and carries secondary olfactory fibers. From Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain[ZFA:0000229]." xsd:string {source="ZFA:0000229"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001889 name: trunk of phrenic nerve namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "phrenic nerve trunk" EXACT [] synonym: "phrenic neural trunk" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0001463 xref: FMA:6198 xref: MA:0001177 is_a: UBERON:0001147 ! trunk of peripheral nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001884 ! phrenic nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0001890 name: forebrain namespace: uberon def: "The most anterior region the brain including both the telencephalon and diencephalon." [Wikipedia:Forebrain, ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "prosencephalon" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010147 xref: BTO:0000478 xref: EFO:0000909 xref: EHDAA2:0000556 xref: EHDAA:3470 xref: EMAPA:16895 xref: FMA:61992 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg/200px-EmbryonicBrain.svg.png xref: MA:0000170 xref: MAT:0000105 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730 xref: MIAA:0000105 xref: ncithesaurus:Fore-Brain xref: ncithesaurus:Prosencephalon xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1509 xref: SCTID:362291003 xref: TAO:0000109 xref: UMLS:C0085140 xref: VHOG:0000383 xref: XAO:0000011 xref: ZFA:0000109 is_a: UBERON:0002616 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of brain relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003080 ! anterior neural tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Most anterior of the three regions of the brain consisting of the telencephalon and diencephalon.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010147", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The most anterior region the brain including both the telencephalon and diencephalon. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000109", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: develops_from forebrain neural tube (TAO:0007041)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000109", ontology="TAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In craniate embryos, neural expression of Distal-less-related genes is exclusively in the forebrain (...). Because the major neural expression domain of amphioxus AmphiDll is in the anterior three-fourths of the cerebral vesicle, we suggest that this region of the neural tube is homologous to parts of the craniate forebrain. This conclusion is strongly supported by three-dimensional, computer-assisted reconstruction of the neural tube of amphioxus based on serial transmission electron microscopy. At the neuroanatomical level, a number of detailed homologies are indicated between the anterior three-fourths of the amphioxus cerebral vesicle and the diencephalic region of the craniate forebrain. If one assumes that the amphioxus condition fairly represents the nervous system of the proximate ancestor of the craniates, one can suggest that they evolved from a creature that had the beginnings of a forebrain.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000383", ontology="VHOG", source="PMID:8787764 Holland ND, Panganiban G, Henyey EL, Holland LZ, Sequence and developmental expression of AmphiDll, an amphioxus Distal-less gene transcribed in the ectoderm, epidermis and nervous system: insights into evolution of craniate forebrain and neural crest. Development (1996)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "prosencephalic" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001891 name: midbrain namespace: uberon def: "Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the tectum, cerebral peduncle, midbrain tegmentum and cerebral aqueduct[FMA]. The brain region between the forebrain anteriorly and the hindbrain posteriorly, including the tectum dorsally and the midbrain tegmentum ventrally[ZFA]. The midbrain is the middle division of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes a ventral part containing the cerebral peduncles and a dorsal tectum containing the corpora quadrigemina and that surrounds the aqueduct of Sylvius connecting the third and fourth ventricles)[GO]." [FMA:61993, GO:0030901, Wikipedia:Midbrain, ZFIN:curator] comment: Editors note: developmental relationships need revised. AO notes: part of brainstem in ABA - we reject this in favor of ISBN10:0471888893 which has an implicit overlaps relationships subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "mesencephalon" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Midbrain] xref: AAO:0010149 xref: ABA:MB xref: BM:MB xref: BTO:0000138 xref: EFO:0000919 xref: EHDAA2:0001162 xref: EHDAA:3694 xref: EMAPA:16974 xref: EV:0100242 xref: FMA:61993 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/Human_brain_inferior_view_description.JPG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Human_brain_inferior_view_description.JPG/200px-Human_brain_inferior_view_description.JPG xref: MA:0000207 xref: MAT:0000106 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.659 xref: MIAA:0000106 xref: ncithesaurus:Mesencephalon xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1667 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvsBUqpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001104 xref: SCTID:279099009 xref: TAO:0000128 xref: UMLS:C0025462 xref: VHOG:0000069 xref: XAO:0000014 xref: ZFA:0000128 is_a: UBERON:0002616 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001894 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002028 {source="ABA"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Middle part of the brain composed of the optic tectum and penducular region.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010149", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The brain region between the forebrain anteriorly and the hindbrain posteriorly, including the tectum dorsally and the midbrain tegmentum ventrally. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000128", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "Fine structural, computerized three-dimensional (3D) mapping of cell connectivity in the amphioxus nervous system and comparative molecular genetic studies of amphioxus and tunicates have provided recent insights into the phylogenetic origin of the vertebrate nervous system. The results suggest that several of the genetic mechanisms for establishing and patterning the vertebrate nervous system already operated in the ancestral chordate and that the nerve cord of the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates included a diencephalon, midbrain, hindbrain, and spinal cord.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000069", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/S0959-4388(99)00003-3 Holland LZ and Holland ND, Chordate origins of the vertebrate central nervous system. Current Opinion in Neurobiology (1999)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "mesencephalic" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001892 name: rhombomere namespace: uberon def: "A segment of the developing hindbrain[ZFA]. In the vertebrate embryo, a rhombomere is a transiently divided segment of the developing neural tube, within the hindbrain region (a neuromere) in the area that will eventually become the rhombencephalon. The rhombomeres appear as a series of slightly constricted swellings in the neural tube, caudal to the cephalic flexure. In human embryonic development, the rhombomeres are present by day 29[WP]." [Wikipedia:Rhombomere, ZFIN:curator] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "future rhombencephalon" RELATED [MIAA:0000272] synonym: "hindbrain segment" BROAD [ZFA:0001064] synonym: "rhombomere" EXACT [] synonym: "rhombomeres" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0000672] synonym: "segment of hindbrain" BROAD [ZFA:0001064] xref: EFO:0003617 xref: EMAPA:16148 xref: EMAPA:16478 xref: MAT:0000272 xref: MIAA:0000272 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000669 xref: TAO:0001064 xref: VHOG:0000672 xref: XAO:0004079 xref: ZFA:0001064 is_a: UBERON:0004733 {is_inferred="true"} ! segmental subdivision of hindbrain intersection_of: UBERON:0004731 ! neuromere intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "A segment of the developing hindbrain. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001064", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "Rhombomeric segmentation is found in all living vertebrates and is of fundamental importance to the development of the vertebrate head.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000672", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1006/dbio.2002.0831 Mazet F, Shimeld SM, The Evolution of Chordate Neural Segmentation. Developmental Biology (2002)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001893 name: telencephalon namespace: uberon def: "Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the cerebral cortex, cerebral white matter, basal ganglia, septum and fornix, as well as subcortical gray and white matter structures[FMA]." [FMA:62000, Wikipedia:Telencephalon] comment: The telencephalon is the name for a large region within the brain that is attributed many functions. Many people refer to it as the cerebrum; however, it is technically referred to as the telencephalon. As a more technical definition, the telencephalon refers to the cerebral hemispheres and other, smaller structures within the brain, although the telencephalon is one of the larger divisions (in terms of number). It is the anterior-most embryological division of the brain that develops from the prosencephalon. The telencephalon is composed of the following sub-regions; Limbic system; Cerebral cortex or cortices of the cerebral hemispheres, Basal ganglia, Olfactory bulb. The telencephalon comprises what most people think of as the 'brain' It lies on top of the brainstem and is the largest and most well-developed of the five major divisions of the brain. The telencephalon is the newest structure in the phylogenetic sense, with mammals having the largest and most well-developed among all species. It emerges from the prosencephalon, the first of three vesicles that form from the embryonic neural tube (Christine Fennema-Notestine, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1115). subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cerebrum" EXACT [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk\:Cerebrum] synonym: "endbrain" EXACT [Swanson:2004] xref: AAO:0010479 xref: ABA:CH xref: BM:Tel xref: BTO:0000239 xref: EFO:0000912 xref: EHDAA2:0001982 xref: EMAPA:16652 xref: EMAPA:16910 xref: EV:0100165 xref: FMA:62000 xref: GAID:621 xref: MA:0000183 xref: MAT:0000421 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885 xref: MIAA:0000421 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1115 xref: SCTID:263353005 xref: TAO:0000079 xref: VHOG:0000283 xref: XAO:0000012 xref: ZFA:0000079 is_a: UBERON:0002780 ! regional part of forebrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002037 {source="ABA"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Part of the forebrain consisting of paired olfactory bulbs and cerebral hemispheres.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010479", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The anterior and dorsal forebrain neuromere, includes the olfactory bulb. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000079", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: develops_from presumptive telencephalon (TAO:0000571)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000079", ontology="TAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "From an evolutionary standpoint, the telencephalon is the most recent brain structure: the amphioxus does not have this structure as a morphological entity. Overt telencephalon is present in the hagfish and lamprey to receive numerous input fibers from various parts of the CNS, similar to gnathostomes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000283", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.ydbio.2005.02.008 Murakami Y, Uchida K, Rijli FM and Kuratani S, Evolution of the brain developmental plan: Insights from agnathans. Developmental Biology (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "cerebral" xsd:string property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "telenencephalic" xsd:string property_value: UBPROP:0000008 "dolphins are the only species (other than humans) to have cerebra accounting for as much as 2 percent of their body weight." xsd:string {source="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telencephalon#Variation_among_species"} property_value: UBPROP:0000008 "In mammals the cortex covers almost the whole of the cerebral hemispheres." xsd:string {source="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telencephalon#Variation_among_species"} property_value: UBPROP:0000008 "In ray-finned fishes the inner surfaces of the lateral and ventral regions of the cerebrum bulge up into the ventricles." xsd:string {source="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telencephalon#Variation_among_species"} property_value: UBPROP:0000008 "In the amniotes, the cerebrum becomes increasingly large and complex. In reptiles, the paleopallium is much larger than in amphibians, and its growth has pushed the basal nuclei into the central regions of the cerebrum." xsd:string {source="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telencephalon#Variation_among_species"} property_value: UBPROP:0000008 "In the most primitive living vertebrates, the hagfishes and lampreys, the cerebrum is a relatively simple structure receiving nerve impulses from the olfactory bulb." xsd:string {source="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telencephalon#Variation_among_species"} property_value: UBPROP:0000008 "The cerebrum of birds has evolved along different lines to that of mammals, although they are similarly enlarged, by comparison with reptiles. However, this enlargement is largely due to the basal ganglia, with the other areas remaining relatively primitive in structure." xsd:string {source="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telencephalon#Variation_among_species"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001894 name: diencephalon namespace: uberon def: "Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the epithalamus, thalamus, hypothalamus, subthalamus[FMA]. The more posterior and ventral of two forebrain neuromeres, the other being the telencephalon; major derivatives are the eye cups, the brain pretectal region, the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus (including the habenula and epiphysis). Kimmel et al, 1995." [FMA:62001, Wikipedia:Diencephalon, ZFIN:curator] comment: Note that in ABA, this is part of the brain stem subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "between brain" EXACT [] synonym: "betweenbrain" RELATED [BTO:0000342] synonym: "diencephalon" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Diencephalon] synonym: "interbrain" EXACT [Swanson:2004] synonym: "mature diencephalon" EXACT [FMA:62001] xref: AAO:0010481 xref: ABA:IB xref: BM:Die xref: BTO:0000342 xref: EFO:0000911 xref: EHDAA2:0000385 xref: EHDAA:1969 xref: EHDAA:2645 xref: EHDAA:3472 xref: EMAPA:16641 xref: EMAPA:16896 xref: EV:0100194 xref: FMA:62001 xref: GAID:618 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg/200px-EmbryonicBrain.svg.png xref: MA:0000171 xref: MAT:0000420 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385 xref: MIAA:0000420 xref: ncithesaurus:Diencephalon xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1503 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwC-V0JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:279328001 xref: TAO:0000101 xref: UMLS:C0012144 xref: VHOG:0000318 xref: XAO:0000013 xref: ZFA:0000101 is_a: UBERON:0002780 ! regional part of forebrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001891 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002028 {source="ABA"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The more posterior and ventral of two forebrain neuromeres, the other being the telencephalon; major derivatives are the eye cups, the brain pretectal region, the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus (including the habenula and epiphysis). Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000101", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Unpaired part of the forebrain comprised of three major parts; the epithalamus, thalamus, and hypothalamus.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010481", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "Fine structural, computerized three-dimensional (3D) mapping of cell connectivity in the amphioxus nervous system and comparative molecular genetic studies of amphioxus and tunicates have provided recent insights into the phylogenetic origin of the vertebrate nervous system. The results suggest that several of the genetic mechanisms for establishing and patterning the vertebrate nervous system already operated in the ancestral chordate and that the nerve cord of the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates included a diencephalon, midbrain, hindbrain, and spinal cord.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000318", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/S0959-4388(99)00003-3 Holland LZ and Holland ND, Chordate origins of the vertebrate central nervous system. Current Opinion in Neurobiology (1999)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "diencephalic" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001895 name: metencephalon namespace: uberon def: "Rostral segment of the hindbrain that has as its parts the pons (where present) and the cerebellum." [Wikipedia:Metencephalon] comment: the terms metencephalon and myelencephalon are only meaningful in mammals and birds[Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain]. In zebrafish, with the exception of the cerebellum, the ventral remainder of the metencephalon can be separated only arbitrarily from the more caudal myelencephalic portion of the medulla oblongata and thus these are not distinguished in ZFA[ZFA]. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "epencephalon" EXACT [ncithesaurus:Epencephalon] synonym: "epencephalon-2" RELATED [FMA:62003] xref: BTO:0000673 xref: EHDAA2:0001149 xref: EHDAA:5498 xref: EMAPA:17071 xref: FMA:62003 xref: GAID:594 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg/200px-EmbryonicBrain.svg.png xref: MA:0000197 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.810.428 xref: ncithesaurus:Epencephalon xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_965 xref: UMLS:C1516904 xref: VHOG:0000741 is_a: UBERON:0004733 {is_inferred="true"} ! segmental subdivision of hindbrain relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010092 {evidence="definitional"} ! future metencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:7955 property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The anterior of two brain vesicles formed by specialization of the rhombencephalon in the developing embryo. It gives rise to cerebellum and pons. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000741", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/metencephalon"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000741", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0878932504 Gilbert SF, Developmental Biology (2006) p.381-382, ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.500", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001896 name: medulla oblongata namespace: uberon def: "Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the medullary reticular formation, inferior olivary complex and cochlear nuclear complex, among other structures[FMA]. The medulla oblongata lies directly above the spinal cord and controls vital autonomic functions such as digestion, breathing and the control of heart rate[GO]." [FMA:62004, GO:0021550, Wikipedia:Bone_marrow_of_ovary_oblongata] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "bulb" BROAD [] synonym: "bulbus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62004, FMA:TA] synonym: "medulla" BROAD [ABA:MY] synonym: "medulla oblonzata" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medulla_oblongata] synonym: "metepencephalon" RELATED [FMA:62004] xref: AAO:0010486 xref: ABA:MY xref: BTO:0000041 xref: EFO:0000924 xref: EHDAA2:0001088 xref: EHDAA:7588 xref: EMAPA:17550 xref: EV:0100275 xref: FMA:62004 xref: GAID:590 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Illu_pituitary_pineal_glands.jpg/200px-Illu_pituitary_pineal_glands.jpg xref: MA:0000206 xref: MAT:0000111 xref: MAT:0000367 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.810.406 xref: MIAA:0000111 xref: ncithesaurus:Medulla_Oblongata xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_957 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjxSJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwCqnXJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:279104005 xref: TAO:0000545 xref: UMLS:C0025148 xref: VHOG:0000181 xref: XAO:0003100 xref: ZFA:0000545 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002298 ! brainstem relationship: part_of UBERON:0005290 ! myelencephalon property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0000988 {source="ABA"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Posterior portion of the hindbrain which controls respiration, heartbeat, digestion, and swallowing as well as some locomotor responses.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010486", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The posterior region of the brain that is continuous with the spinal cord. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-17, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000181", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "Classical anatomical studies subdivided the vertebrate rhombencephalon into pons and medulla oblongata. (...) The medulla oblongata appears therefore as a tagma, that is, a group of segmental units (pseudorhombomeres, in this case) sharing some morphological and molecular characteristics, and in some aspects different from the segmental units present in adjoining brain regions, pons and spinal cord.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000181", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.ydbio.2008.08.017 Marin F, Aroca P, Puelles L, Hox gene colinear expression in the avian medulla oblongata is correlated with pseudorhombomeric domains. Developmental Biology (2008)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001897 name: thalamus namespace: uberon def: "A midline paired symmetrical structure within the brains of vertebrates, including humans. It is situated between the cerebral cortex and midbrain, both in terms of location and neurological connections. Its function includes relaying sensation, special sense and motor signals to the cerebral cortex, along with the regulation of consciousness, sleep and alertness. The thalamus surrounds the third ventricle. It is the main product of the embryonic diencephalon." [Wikipedia:Thalamus] comment: AO notes: MA and ZFA think there is a distinct dorsal thalamus, but FMA says its an exact synonym. FMA has a distinct class for thalamic complex. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dorsal thalamus" RELATED [FMA:62007] synonym: "dorsal thalamus (anthoney)" EXACT [FMA:62007] synonym: "thalami" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0000657] synonym: "thalamus dorsalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thalamus] synonym: "thalamus dorsalis" RELATED [BTO:0001365] xref: AAO:0010483 xref: ABA:TH xref: BTO:0001365 xref: EFO:0000910 xref: EMAPA:17540 xref: EV:0100195 xref: FMA:62007 xref: GAID:656 xref: galen:Thalamus xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Brain_chrischan_thalamus.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Brain_chrischan_thalamus.jpg/200px-Brain_chrischan_thalamus.jpg xref: MA:0000179 xref: MAT:0000109 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.826 xref: MIAA:0000109 xref: ncithesaurus:Thalamus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_954 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwMPQ65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244433007 xref: TAO:0001215 xref: UMLS:C0039729 xref: VHOG:0000657 xref: ZFA:0001215 is_a: UBERON:0002784 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of diencephalon relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0010225 {source="FMA-abduced-lr"} ! thalamic complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0010225 ! thalamic complex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001898 {source="ABA"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "One of a pair of large oval nervous structures made of gray matter and forming most of the lateral walls of the third ventricle of the brain and part of the diencephalon. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000657", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/thalamus"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Part of the diencephalon consisting of a mass of connecting fibers which relay sensory information to the cerebral cortex.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010483", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 " (...) the brain regions of tetrapods, the structures they contain, and their basic organizational features are the same as in fishes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000657", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.484", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "thalamic" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001898 name: hypothalamus namespace: uberon def: "A specialized brain region of the ventral diencephalon arising near the end of the segmentation period; the embryonic hypothalamic region will give rise to the posterior pituitary gland as well as a number of brain nuclei. [ZFA]. One of the most important functions of the hypothalamus is to link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland (hypophysis).[Wikipedia]." [Wikipedia:Hypothalamus, ZFIN:curator] comment: Taxon notes: all vertebrates contain a hypothalamus[WP]. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "hypothalamus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hypothalamus] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic area" EXACT [] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic region" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010484 xref: ABA:HY xref: BM:Die-Hy xref: BTO:0000614 xref: EFO:0000107 xref: EHDAA2:0000802 xref: EHDAA:5446 xref: EMAPA:17536 xref: EV:0100225 xref: FMA:62008 xref: GAID:460 xref: galen:Hypothalamus xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/LocationOfHypothalamus.jpg xref: MA:0000173 xref: MAT:0000112 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.577.482 xref: MIAA:0000112 xref: ncithesaurus:Hypothalamus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_734 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwEgr9JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:264483005 xref: TAO:0000032 xref: UMLS:C0020663 xref: VHOG:0000179 xref: XAO:0004070 xref: ZFA:0000032 is_a: UBERON:0002784 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0000349 ! limbic system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001897 {source="ABA"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "A specialized brain region of the ventral diencephalon arising near the end of the segmentation period; the embryonic hypothalamic region will give rise to the posterior pituitary gland as well as a number of brain nuclei. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000032", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Part of the diencephalon ventral to the thalamus consisting of connecting fibers and is a center for control of the autonomous nervous system.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010484", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "For instance, the vertebrate ventral diencephalon generates the hypothalamus which functions as a major endocrine center in cooperation with the hypophysis, the anterior part of the pituitary gland, located just ventral to the hypothalamus. In the amphioxus brain, the presence of a hypothalamus-like structure has been reported associated with the ventrally located Hatschek's pit, the hypothetical hypophysial homologue. It is thus conceivable that a hypothalamus-like structure originally involved in endocrine functions may have already been present before the establishment of vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000179", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.ydbio.2005.02.008 Murakami Y, Uchida K, Rijli FM and Kuratani S, Evolution of the brain developmental plan: Insights from agnathans. Developmental Biology (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "hypothalamic" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001899 name: epithalamus namespace: uberon def: "The epithalamus is the small dorsomedial area of the thalamus including the habenular nuclei and associated fiber bundles, the pineal body, and the epithelial roof of the third ventricle[GO]. a dorsal posterior segment of the diencephalon (a segment in the middle of the brain also containing the hypothalamus and the thalamus) which includes the habenula, the stria medullaris and the pineal body. Its function is the connection between the limbic system to other parts of the brain[WP] Some functions of its components include the secretion of melatonin by the pineal gland. " [Wikipedia:Epithalamus] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "epithalamus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Epithalamus] xref: AAO:0010482 xref: ABA:EPI xref: BM:Die-Epi xref: BTO:0000175 xref: EFO:0000918 xref: EHDAA2:0000448 xref: EHDAA:5433 xref: EMAPA:17532 xref: EV:0100220 xref: FMA:62009 xref: GAID:455 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Epithalamus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Epithalamus.png/200px-Epithalamus.png xref: MA:0000172 xref: MAT:0000422 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.577.200 xref: MIAA:0000422 xref: ncithesaurus:Epithalamus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1710 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvneLQpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:281487003 xref: TAO:0000509 xref: UMLS:C0152361 xref: VHOG:0000178 xref: ZFA:0000509 is_a: UBERON:0002784 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001903 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002733 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002736 {source="ABA"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Dorsal segment of the diencephalon containing the habenular ganglia, a choroid plexus, and the pineal organ.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010482", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The roof of the diencephalon lying above the thalamus. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-11, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000178", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The epithalamus has been historically conceived as a distinct neuroanatomical moiety within the diencephalon of all vertebrates. (...) The evolutionary origins of epithalamic structures are uncertain but asymmetry in this region is likely to have existed at the origin of the vertebrate, perhaps even the chordate, lineage.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000178", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19910063.x Concha ML and Wilson SW, Asymmetry in the epithalamus of vertebrates. J Anat (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "epithalamic" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001900 name: subthalamus namespace: uberon def: "Anterior part of the diencephalon that lies between the thalamus, hypothalamus, and tegmentum of the mesencephalon, including subthalamic nucleus, zona incerta, the fields of Forel, and the nucleus of ansa lenticularis[GO]." [GO:0021539, Wikipedia:Subthalamus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "prethalamus" EXACT DEVELOPMENTAL [] synonym: "subthalamic region" EXACT [] synonym: "thalamus ventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_708] synonym: "ventral thalamus" EXACT [] xref: BM:Die-VTh xref: EHDAA2:0004470 xref: EV:0100223 xref: FMA:62010 xref: GAID:653 xref: MA:0000181 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.800 xref: ncithesaurus:Ventral_Thalamus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_708 xref: SCTID:279332007 xref: TAO:0000458 xref: UMLS:C0152349 xref: ZFA:0000458 is_a: UBERON:0002730 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 {source="MA"} ! thalamus property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "subthalamic" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001903 name: thalamic reticular nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The thalamic reticular nucleus is part of the ventral thalamus that forms a capsule around the thalamus laterally. It is separated from the thalamus by the external medullary lamina. Reticular cells are GABAergic, and have discoid dendritic arbors in the plane of the nucleus. Thalamic Reticular Nucleus is variously abbreviated TRN, RTN, NRT, and RT. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thalamic_reticular_nucleus] comment: AO notes: only MA considers this part of a subthalamus; MA also considers a subthalamus part of a thalamus subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus reticularis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62026, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus reticularis thalami" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thalamic_reticular_nucleus] synonym: "reticular nuclear group" EXACT [] synonym: "reticular nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "reticular nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "reticular nucleus-2" EXACT [] synonym: "reticular thalamic nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:RT xref: BM:Die-VTh-R xref: EV:0100214 xref: FMA:62026 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Constudthal.gif xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Constudthal.gif/200px-Constudthal.gif xref: MA:0000876 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1721 xref: SCTID:279164008 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0007692 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001900 {source="MA"} ! subthalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001899 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002733 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002736 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001904 name: habenula namespace: uberon def: "Habenula is a segment of the epithalamus that has as its parts the lateral and medial habenular nuclei and the habenular commissure. // The habenula relays impulses from limbic areas of the telencephalon to an unpaired midbrain nucleus, the interpeduncular nucleus." [Wikipedia:Habenula, ZFIN:curator] comment: TODO - add separate term for nucleus (e.g. BTO:0003685 habenular nucleus) subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "habenulae" RELATED [] synonym: "habenular nuclei" RELATED [] synonym: "habenular nucleus" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0003684 xref: EV:0100222 xref: FMA:62032 xref: GAID:619 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Gray715.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gray715.png/200px-Gray715.png xref: MA:0000830 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.577.200.360 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1611 xref: SCTID:362389008 xref: TAO:0000213 xref: ZFA:0000213 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001899 ! epithalamus property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The habenula relays impulses from limbic areas of the telencephalon to an unpaired midbrain nucleus, the interpeduncular nucleus.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000213", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "habenular" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001905 name: pineal body namespace: uberon def: "The pineal body is an unpaired glandular organ subdivision shaped somewhat like a pine cone. It is attached on the midline near the posterior and habenular commissures of the epithalamus." [Wikipedia:Pineal_gland] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "corpus pineale" EXACT [] synonym: "epiphysis" RELATED INCONSISTENT [ZFA:0000019] synonym: "epiphysis cerebri" RELATED [Wikipedia:Epiphysis_cerebri] synonym: "frontal organ" RELATED [VHOG:0000051] synonym: "glandula pinealis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "glandula pinealis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62033, FMA:TA] synonym: "pineal" RELATED [VHOG:0000051] synonym: "pineal gland" EXACT [FMA:62033] synonym: "pineal organ" EXACT [ZFA:0000019] synonym: "stirnorgan" RELATED [VHOG:0000051] xref: AAO:0010549 xref: ABA:PIN xref: BM:P xref: BTO:0001067 xref: EFO:0000865 xref: EHDAA2:0001466 xref: EHDAA:7523 xref: EMAPA:18778 xref: EV:0100131 xref: EV:0100221 xref: FMA:62033 xref: GAID:453 xref: galen:PinealGland xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Illu_pituitary_pineal_glands.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Illu_pituitary_pineal_glands.jpg/200px-Illu_pituitary_pineal_glands.jpg xref: MA:0000175 xref: MAT:0000448 xref: MESH:A06.407.635 xref: ncithesaurus:Pineal_Gland xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1184 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1010009 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv2FMGpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181126002 xref: TAO:0000019 xref: UMLS:C0031939 xref: VHOG:0000051 xref: XAO:0000160 xref: ZFA:0000019 is_a: UBERON:0002757 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of epithalamus is_a: UBERON:0003296 {is_inferred="true"} ! gland of diencephalon is_a: UBERON:0010134 {source="MA"} ! secretory circumventricular organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001899 {source="multiple"} ! epithalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001941 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001942 {source="ABA"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "A circumscribed swelling, includes the pineal primordium that appears late in the segmentation period in the dorsal midline of the diencephalon. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000019", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Anatomical structure which is a medial outgrowth of the thalamus on the dorsal surface of the brain. This structure is light sensitive and secretes melatonin when exposed to prolonged darkness.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010549", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: part_of pineal complex (TAO:0001359)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000019", ontology="TAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The pineal gland has evolved from a part of the epiphyseal complex of anamniotes, which includes a median light-receptive pineal eye, parietal eye, or both.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000051", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.516", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "epiphyseal" xsd:string property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "epiphysial" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001906 name: subthalamic nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The subthalamic nucleus is the lens-shaped nucleus located in the ventral part of the subthalamus on the inner aspect of the internal capsule that is concerned with the integration of somatic motor function[GO]." [Wikipedia:Subthalamic_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "body of forel" EXACT [] synonym: "body of luys" EXACT [] synonym: "Luys' body" RELATED [BTO:0002252] synonym: "nucleus of corpus luysii" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus of luys" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus subthalamicus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Subthalamic_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus subthalamicus" RELATED [BTO:0002252] synonym: "subthalamic nucleus (of luys)" EXACT [] xref: ABA:STN xref: BM:Die-Sb xref: BTO:0002252 xref: EFO:0001392 xref: EV:0100224 xref: FMA:62035 xref: GAID:655 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Basal-ganglia-coronal-sections-large.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Basal-ganglia-coronal-sections-large.png/200px-Basal-ganglia-coronal-sections-large.png xref: MA:0000877 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.800.800 xref: ncithesaurus:Subthalamic_Nucleus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1010002 xref: UMLS:C0152355 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0007692 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001900 ! subthalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001907 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001931 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001933 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002430 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001907 name: zona incerta namespace: uberon def: "The zona incerta is a horizontally elongated region of gray matter cells in the subthalamus below the thalamus. Its connections project extensively over the brain from the cerebral cortex down into the spinal cord. Its function is unknown though several have been proposed related to limbicmotor integration such as controlling visceral activity and pain; gating sensory input and synchronizing cortical and subcortical brain rhythms. Its dysfunction may play a role in central pain syndrome. It is also been identified as a promising deep brain stimulation therapy target for treating Parkinsons Disease. Its existence was first described by Auguste Forel in 1877 as a region of which nothing certain can be said. A hundred and thirty years later in 2007, Nadia Urbain and Martin Deschnes of Universit Laval noted that the zona incerta is among the least studied regions of the brain; its name does not even appear in the index of many textbooks. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Zona_incerta] subset: uberon_slim xref: ABA:ZI xref: BM:Die-VTh-ZI xref: BTO:0003146 xref: FMA:62038 xref: MA:0000878 xref: SCTID:369186007 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0007692 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001900 ! subthalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001906 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001931 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001933 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002430 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001908 name: optic tract namespace: uberon def: "Diencephalic white matter (tract) which is comprised of retinal ganglion cell axons after which they have passed through the optic chiasm[ZFA]. Predominantly white matter structure found in diencephalon consisting of fibers originating in the retina. The optic tract is considered to extend from the point of the optic chiasm and terminates largely, although not exclusively, in the lateral geniculate complex. Other fibers end in the superior colliculus and other structures in the diencephalon, midbrain and brainstem (MM)[NIF]." [NIF_GrossAnatomy, Wikipedia:Optic_tract, ZFIN:curator] comment: editor note: relationships need checking by expert. NIF and ZFA both state part of diencepahalon; MA says part of optic nerve II. in uberon, CNS and PNS are spatially disjoint, and axon tracts are part of the CNS so we make the relationship to CNII 'continuous_with' subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "optic lemniscus" EXACT [] synonym: "tractus opticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Optic_tract] synonym: "visual pathway" RELATED [GAID:735] xref: BM:Tel-OT xref: FMA:62046 xref: GAID:735 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Gray773.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Gray773.png/200px-Gray773.png xref: MA:0001099 xref: MESH:A08.612.220.860 xref: ncithesaurus:Optic_Tract xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1684 xref: SCTID:280952003 xref: TAO:0000252 xref: UMLS:C0152405 xref: VHOG:0001164 xref: XAO:0004101 xref: ZFA:0000252 is_a: UBERON:0001018 ! axon tract is_a: UBERON:0011591 {is_inferred="true"} ! tract of diencephalon relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000941 ! cranial nerve II relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000959 ! optic chiasma relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0001909 name: habenular commissure namespace: uberon def: "The habenular commissure, is a brain commissure (a band of nerve fibers) situated in front of the pineal gland that connects the habenular nucleus on one side of the diencephalon with that on the other side. The habernular commissure is part of the trigonum habenul (a small depressed triangular area situated in front of the superior colliculus and on the lateral aspect of the posterior part of the tnia thalami). The trigonum habenul also contains groups of nerve cells termed the ganglion habenul. Fibers enter the trigonum habenul from the stalk of the pineal gland, and the habenular commissure. Most of the trigonum habenul's fibers are, however, directed downward and form a bundle, the fasciculus retroflexus of Meynert, which passes medial to the red nucleus, and, after decussating with the corresponding fasciculus of the opposite side, ends in the interpeduncular ganglion. Nerve cell fibers enter the trigonum habenul from the stalk of the pineal body, and the habernular commissure. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Habenular_commissure] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "commissura habenularum" EXACT [ZFA:0000359] synonym: "commissura habenularum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Habenular_commissure] synonym: "commissure habenularum" EXACT [MP:0008231] xref: BM:Die-Epi-HC xref: FMA:62048 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Gray715.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1609 xref: SCTID:279335009 xref: TAO:0000359 xref: ZFA:0000359 is_a: UBERON:0005341 ! ventral commissure is_a: UBERON:0011590 {is_inferred="true"} ! commissure of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001904 ! habenula [Term] id: UBERON:0001910 name: medial forebrain bundle namespace: uberon def: "The Medial forebrain bundle (MFB), is a complex bundle of axons coming from the basal olfactory regions, the periamygdaloid region, and the septal nuclei, and passing to the lateral hypothalamus, with some carrying on into the tegmentum. It contains both ascending and descending fibers. It also represents a part of the mesolimbic pathway, carrying information between the ventral tegmentum and the nucleus accumbens. It is commonly accepted that the MFB is a part of the reward system, involved in the integration of reward and pleasure. Electrical stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle is believed to cause sensations of pleasure. This hypothesis is based upon intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) studies. Animals will work for MFB ICSS, and humans report that MFB ICSS is intensely pleasurable. This is most likely because the medial forebrain bundle carries information from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the nucleus accumbens (nAcc or Acb). The nAcc is a recognized reward center, and activation of the pathway from the VTA to the nAcc is believed to be rewarding, which is why it is sometimes referred to as the hedonic highway. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_forebrain_bundle] comment: AO notes: a pathway in NCIT subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "fasciculus medialis telencephali" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_forebrain_bundle] synonym: "medial forebrain fasciculus" EXACT [] synonym: "telencephalic medial fasciculus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:62064 xref: GAID:736 xref: MESH:A08.612.492 xref: ncithesaurus:Medial_Forebrain_Bundle xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_908 xref: TAO:0005111 xref: UMLS:C0025055 xref: ZFA:0005111 is_a: UBERON:0005838 ! fasciculus of brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0001920 name: paraventricular nucleus of thalamus namespace: uberon def: "The nucleus paraventricularis anterior thalami and nuclues paraventricularis posterior thalami, two of the nuclei mediani thalami; they are situated on the dorsomedial wall of the thalamus, juxtaposed to the third ventricle." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nuclei paraventriculares thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62152, FMA:TA] synonym: "paraventricular gray" EXACT [] synonym: "paraventricular nuclei" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "paraventricular nuclei of thalamus" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "paraventricular thalamic nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:PVT xref: BM:Die-Th-Pa xref: BTO:0002460 xref: FMA:62152 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ef/PVNss.jpg/200px-PVNss.jpg xref: MA:0000866 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_764 xref: SCTID:369163000 is_a: UBERON:0002308 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0007692 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002705 {source="FMA"} ! midline nuclear group property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002992 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001921 name: reuniens nucleus namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "medioventral nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus reuniens" EXACT [] synonym: "reuniens thalamic nucleus" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0002459 xref: FMA:62153 xref: MA:0000865 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_770 xref: SCTID:369164006 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0001922 name: parafascicular nucleus namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "nuclei parafasciculares thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_952] synonym: "nucleus parafascicularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_952] synonym: "nucleus parafascicularis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_952] synonym: "nucleus parafascicularis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_952] synonym: "parafascicular nucleus (vogt)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_952] synonym: "parafascicular nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "parafascicular nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_952] synonym: "parafascicular thalamic nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:PF xref: BM:Die-Th-Pf xref: EV:0100202 xref: FMA:62166 xref: MA:0000874 xref: ncithesaurus:Parafascicular_Nucleus_of_the_Thalamus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_952 xref: SCTID:279150008 xref: UMLS:C0228352 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0007692 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002733 {source="FMA"} ! intralaminar nuclear group property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001923 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001924 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002955 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003036 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001923 name: central medial nucleus namespace: uberon def: "a small cell group in the interthalamic adhesion of the thalamus that occupy the midline region of the internal medullary lamina, between the left and right paracentral nuclei." [MP:0008929] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "central medial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "central medial nucleus thalamus (rioch 1928)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_971] synonym: "central medial thalamic nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus centralis medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_971] synonym: "nucleus centralis medialis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_971] xref: ABA:CM xref: BM:Die-CeM xref: BTO:0003753 xref: FMA:62171 xref: MA:0000872 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_971 xref: SCTID:279161000 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001922 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001924 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002955 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003036 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001924 name: paracentral nucleus namespace: uberon def: "one of the intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus, located medial to the central lateral nucleus." [MP:0008928] comment: todo - relationships synonym: "nucleus centralis lateralis superior (kusama)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_981] synonym: "nucleus paracentral" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_981] synonym: "nucleus paracentral thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_981] synonym: "nucleus paracentralis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62172, FMA:TA] synonym: "paracentral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "paracentral nucleus thalamus (gurdjian 1927)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_981] synonym: "paracentral thalamic nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:PCN xref: BM:Die-Th-Pc xref: EV:0100204 xref: FMA:62172 xref: MA:0000873 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_981 xref: SCTID:279152000 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0007692 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002733 {source="FMA"} ! intralaminar nuclear group property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001922 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001923 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002955 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003036 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001925 name: ventral lateral nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The ventral lateral nucleus (VL) is a nucleus of the thalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_lateral_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lateral ventral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "nuclei ventrales laterales thalami" RELATED [BTO:0002463] synonym: "nucleus ventralis intermedius" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1237] synonym: "nucleus ventralis lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1237] synonym: "nucleus ventralis lateralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1237] synonym: "nucleus ventralis thalami lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1237] synonym: "nucleus ventrolateralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1237] synonym: "ventral lateral complex of thalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral lateral nuclei of thalamus" RELATED [BTO:0002463] synonym: "ventral lateral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral lateral thalamic nuclei" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral lateral thalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1237] synonym: "ventrolateral nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "ventrolateral thalamic nucleus" EXACT [] xref: BM:Die-Th-VL xref: BTO:0002463 xref: FMA:62186 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png xref: ncithesaurus:Ventrolateral_Nucleus_of_the_Thalamus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1237 xref: SCTID:279146001 xref: TAO:0000306 xref: UMLS:C0228339 xref: ZFA:0000306 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0007692 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001900 ! subthalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0001926 name: lateral geniculate body namespace: uberon def: "The lateral geniculate nucleus is the primary processor of visual information received from the retina[GO]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_geniculate_body] comment: Note that BTO has distinct classes for body and nucleus, but other sources treat as identical subset: uberon_slim synonym: "corpus geniculatum externum" RELATED [BTO:0004367] synonym: "corpus geniculatum laterales" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1662] synonym: "external geniculate body" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_geniculate_nucleus] synonym: "lateral geniculate complex" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral geniculate nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus geniculatus lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1662] xref: BTO:0004366 xref: BTO:0004367 xref: EFO:0001988 xref: EV:0100219 xref: FMA:62209 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Gray719.png/200px-Gray719.png xref: MA:0000869 xref: ncithesaurus:External_Geniculate_Body xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1662 xref: SCTID:362377006 xref: UMLS:C0086526 is_a: UBERON:0007692 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002704 {source="FMA"} ! metathalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0001927 name: medial geniculate body namespace: uberon def: "The Medial Geniculate Nucleus (MGN) or Medial Geniculate Body (MGB) is part of the auditory thalamus and represents the thalamic relay between the inferior colliculus (IC) and the auditory cortex (AC). It is made up of a number of sub-nuclei that are distinguished by their neuronal morphology and density, by their afferent and efferent connections, and by the coding properties of their neurons. It is thought that the MGB influences the direction and maintenance of attention. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_geniculate_body] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "corpus geniculatum mediale" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1670] synonym: "internal geniculate body" RELATED [ncithesaurus:Internal_Geniculate_Body] synonym: "medial geniculate complex" EXACT [] synonym: "medial geniculate nuclei" EXACT [] synonym: "medial geniculate nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "MGB" RELATED [BTO:0002674] synonym: "nuclei corporis geniculati medialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62211, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:MG xref: BM:Die-Th-MG xref: BTO:0002674 xref: EFO:0001968 xref: EV:0100218 xref: FMA:62211 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png xref: MA:0000870 xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Geniculate_Body xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1670 xref: SCTID:362378001 xref: UMLS:C0086596 is_a: UBERON:0007692 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002704 {source="FMA"} ! metathalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002479 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001928 name: preoptic area namespace: uberon def: "Area of the forebrain anterior to the posterior tuberculum and the hypothalamus and ventral to the ventral thalamus[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Preoptic_area, ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "area hypothalamica rostralis" RELATED [BTO:0001796] synonym: "area praeoptica" RELATED [] synonym: "area preoptica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Preoptic_area] synonym: "preoptic hypothalamic area" RELATED [BTO:0001796] synonym: "preoptic hypothalamic region" RELATED [BTO:0001796] synonym: "preoptic nuclei" EXACT [] synonym: "preoptic region" RELATED [] synonym: "preoptic region of hypothalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "regio hypothalamica anterior" RELATED [BTO:0001796] xref: BM:Die-Hy-POA xref: BTO:0001796 xref: EFO:0002523 xref: FMA:62313 xref: GAID:644 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.357.342.450 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1706 xref: SCTID:362382004 xref: TAO:0000470 xref: ZFA:0000470 is_a: UBERON:0002784 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Area of the forebrain anterior to the posterior tuberculum and the hypothalamus and ventral to the ventral thalamus. See Figure 7, Atlas of Early Zebrafish Brain Development.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000470", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001929 name: supraoptic nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The supraoptic nucleus (SON) is a nucleus of magnocellular neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamus of the mammalian brain. The nucleus is situated at the base of the brain, adjacent to the optic chiasm. In humans, it contains about 3,000 neurons. [WP,unvetted]." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3474225&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, Wikipedia:Supraoptic_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus supraopticus" EXACT [BTO:0002697] synonym: "nucleus supraopticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Supraoptic_nucleus] synonym: "supra-optic nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "supraoptic nucleus of hypothalamus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:SO xref: BM:Die-Hy-SON xref: BTO:0002697 xref: EFO:0002476 xref: EV:0100227 xref: FMA:62317 xref: GAID:646 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/SONss.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d7/SONss.jpg/200px-SONss.jpg xref: MA:0000849 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.357.342.650 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1411 xref: SCTID:369130007 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0006568 {is_inferred="true"} ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002271 {source="MA", source="ABA"} ! periventricular zone of hypothalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002550 {source="FMA"} ! anterior hypothalamic region property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001930 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001932 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001930 name: paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus namespace: uberon def: "The paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is a neuronal nucleus in the hypothalamus. It contains multiple subpopulations of neurons that are activated by a variety of stressful and/or physiological changes. Many PVH neurons project directly to the posterior pituitary where they release oxytocin or vasopressin into the general circulation. Other PVN neurons control various anterior pituitary functions, while still others directly regulate appetite and autonomic functions in the brainstem and spinal cord. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Paraventricular_nucleus_of_hypothalamus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "filiform nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nuclei paraventricularis hypothalami" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Paraventricular_nucleus_of_hypothalamus] synonym: "nucleus paraventricularis hypothalami" RELATED [BTO:0002476] synonym: "paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "paraventricular nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:PVH xref: BM:Die-Hy-PAH xref: BTO:0002476 xref: EFO:0002469 xref: EV:0100229 xref: FMA:62320 xref: GAID:643 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/PVNss.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ef/PVNss.jpg/200px-PVNss.jpg xref: MA:0000848 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.357.342.400 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1407 xref: SCTID:369131006 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0006568 {is_inferred="true"} ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002271 ! periventricular zone of hypothalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001929 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001932 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001931 name: lateral preoptic nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The lateral preoptic nucleus is lateral to the medial preoptic nucleus. It also mediates non-REM sleep onset.[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Preoptic_area#Lateral_preoptic_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lateral preoptic area" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral preoptic hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:LPO xref: BM:Die-Hy-LPO xref: FMA:62326 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: MA:0000835 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1722 xref: SCTID:369129002 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0006568 {is_inferred="true"} ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002273 ! lateral zone of hypothalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001906 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001907 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001933 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002430 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001932 name: arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus namespace: uberon def: "The arcuate nucleus (or infundibular nucleus) is an aggregation of neurons in the mediobasal hypothalamus, adjacent to the third ventricle and the median eminence. The arcuate nucleus includes several important populations of neurons, including: Neuroendocrine neurons, Centrally-projecting neurons and Others. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Arcuate_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arcuate hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "arcuate nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "arcuate nucleus-2" EXACT [] synonym: "arcuate periventricular nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "infundibular hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "infundibular nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "infundibular periventricular nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus arcuatus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62329, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus arcuatus hypothalami" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Arcuate_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus arcuatus hypothalami" RELATED [BTO:0002473] synonym: "nucleus infundibularis" RELATED [BTO:0002473] synonym: "nucleus semilunaris" RELATED [BTO:0002473] xref: ABA:ARH xref: BM:HAr xref: BTO:0002473 xref: EV:0100230 xref: FMA:62329 xref: GAID:647 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: MA:0000847 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.357.352.081 xref: ncithesaurus:Arcuate_Nucleus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1638 xref: UMLS:C0003741 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0006568 {is_inferred="true"} ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002271 ! periventricular zone of hypothalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001929 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001930 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001933 name: retrochiasmatic area namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "retrochiasmatic region" EXACT [] xref: ABA:RCH xref: FMA:62330 xref: MA:0000841 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1569 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002272 ! medial zone of hypothalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001906 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001907 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001931 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002430 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001934 name: dorsomedial nucleus of hypothalamus namespace: uberon def: "The Dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus is a nucleus of the hypothalamus. It is involved in feeding, drinking, and body weight regulation. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsomedial_hypothalamic_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsomedial nucleus of dorsal hypothalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsomedial nucleus of intermediate hypothalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus dorsomedialis hypothalamicae intermediae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsomedial_hypothalamic_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus dorsomedialis hypothalamicae intermediae" RELATED [BTO:0002474] xref: ABA:DMH xref: BM:Die-Hy-DMH xref: BTO:0002474 xref: EV:0100232 xref: FMA:62331 xref: GAID:648 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: MA:0000838 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.357.352.270 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1558 xref: SCTID:369134003 is_a: UBERON:0002951 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of intermediate hypothalamic region is_a: UBERON:0006568 {source="FMA"} ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002272 {source="MA"} ! medial zone of hypothalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002555 {source="FMA"} ! intermediate hypothalamic region property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002034 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002219 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002625 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002689 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002690 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007626 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001935 name: ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus namespace: uberon def: "The ventromedial nucleus (sometimes referred to as the ventromedial hypothalamus) is a nucleus of the hypothalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventromedial_hypothalamic_nucleus] comment: part of tuberal area in MA subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus ventromedialis hypothalami" RELATED [BTO:0002472] synonym: "ventrolateral hypothalamic nucleus" RELATED [BTO:0002472] synonym: "ventrolateral nucleus of hypothalamus" RELATED [BTO:0002472] synonym: "ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus." RELATED [BTO:0002472] xref: ABA:VMH xref: BM:VMH xref: BTO:0002472 xref: EV:0100233 xref: FMA:62332 xref: GAID:650 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: MA:0000845 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.357.352.953 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1572 xref: SCTID:369124007 is_a: UBERON:0002951 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of intermediate hypothalamic region is_a: UBERON:0006568 {source="FMA"} ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002555 {source="FMA"} ! intermediate hypothalamic region property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002035 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002206 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002634 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002706 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001936 name: tuberomammillary nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The tuberomammillary nucleus is a subnucleus of the posterior third of the hypothalamus. It consists of, largely, histaminergic and is involved with the control of arousal, sleep and circadian rhythm. Axons of the tuberomammillary nucleus project primarily to the cerebral cortex, thalamus, basal ganglia, basal forebrain, and hypothalamus. The projections to the cerebral cortex directly increase cortical activation and arousal, and projections to acetylcholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain and dorsal pons do so indirectly, by increasing the release of acetylcholine in the cerebral cortex. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Tuberomammillary_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "caudal magnocellular nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1271] synonym: "mammilloinfundibular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62335] synonym: "mammiloinfundibular nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1271] synonym: "TM" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1271] synonym: "tuberomamillary nucleus" RELATED DUBIOUS [EV:0100237] synonym: "tuberomammillary hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1271] synonym: "tuberomammillary nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1271] xref: ABA:TM xref: EV:0100237 xref: FMA:62335 xref: MA:0000853 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1271 xref: SCTID:369122006 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002785 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of lateral hypothalamic region is_a: UBERON:0002789 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of posterior hypothalamic region is_a: UBERON:0006568 {is_inferred="true"} ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002206 {source="MA"} ! mammillary body relationship: part_of UBERON:0002430 {source="FMA"} ! lateral hypothalamic area property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001938 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001939 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001940 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001937 name: lateral hypothalamic nucleus namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core xref: EV:0100234 xref: FMA:62337 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1199 xref: SCTID:360452004 xref: TAO:0000227 xref: ZFA:0000227 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002785 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of lateral hypothalamic region is_a: UBERON:0006568 {is_inferred="true"} ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002430 ! lateral hypothalamic area [Term] id: UBERON:0001938 name: lateral mammillary nucleus namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "lateral mammillary hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral nucleus of mammillary body" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus mammillaris lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62341, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:LM xref: EV:0100239 xref: FMA:62341 xref: MA:0000850 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1460 xref: SCTID:369143007 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002789 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of posterior hypothalamic region is_a: UBERON:0006568 {is_inferred="true"} ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002206 ! mammillary body property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001936 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001939 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001940 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001939 name: medial mammillary nucleus namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "internal mammillary nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "medial nucleus of mammillary body" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus mammillaris medialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62342, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:MM xref: EV:0100238 xref: FMA:62342 xref: MA:0000851 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1299 xref: SCTID:369141009 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002789 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of posterior hypothalamic region is_a: UBERON:0006568 {is_inferred="true"} ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002206 ! mammillary body property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001936 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001938 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001940 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001940 name: supramammillary nucleus namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: ABA:SUM xref: FMA:62347 xref: MA:0000852 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1479 xref: SCTID:369144001 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002789 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of posterior hypothalamic region is_a: UBERON:0006568 {is_inferred="true"} ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002206 ! mammillary body property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001936 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001938 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001939 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001941 name: lateral habenular nucleus namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "lateral habenula" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus habenulae lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1438] synonym: "nucleus habenularis lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1438] synonym: "nucleus habenularis lateralis epithalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1438] xref: ABA:LH xref: BM:Die-Epi-Hl xref: BTO:0002699 xref: FMA:62372 xref: MA:0000831 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1438 xref: SCTID:361538005 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002757 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of epithalamus is_a: UBERON:0006569 {is_inferred="true"} ! diencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001904 ! habenula property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001905 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001942 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001942 name: medial habenular nucleus namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "medial habenula" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus habenulae medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1431] synonym: "nucleus habenularis medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1431] synonym: "nucleus habenularis medialis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1431] synonym: "nucleus habenularis medialis epithalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1431] xref: ABA:MH xref: BM:Die-Epi-HM xref: BTO:0003686 xref: FMA:62373 xref: MA:0000832 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1431 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002757 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of epithalamus is_a: UBERON:0006569 {is_inferred="true"} ! diencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001904 ! habenula property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001905 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001941 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001943 name: midbrain tegmentum namespace: uberon def: "Ventral part of the midbrain, separated from the hindbrain by the isthmus[ISBN10:0471888893]. Subdivision of the midbrain lying anterior to the tectum and posterior to the substantia nigra and cerebral peduncle[FMA] The part of the midbrain extending from the substantia nigra to the cerebral aqueduct in a horizontal section of the midbrain. It forms the floor of the midbrain that surrounds the cerebral aqueduct[WP]." [FMA:FMA, ISBN10:0471888893, Wikipedia:Midbrain_tegmentum] comment: 'tegmentum' is used generically for the ventral part of the brainstem (ISBN10:0471888893). We use the label 'midbrain tegmentum' to denote the midbrain structure. In NIFSTD tegmentum is a composite structure and there is a separate class for midbrain tegmentum and pontine tegmentum subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "mesencephalic tegmentum" RELATED [VHOG:0001367] synonym: "tegmentum" BROAD [ISBN10:0471888893] synonym: "tegmentum mesencephali" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Midbrain_tegmentum] synonym: "tegmentum of midbrain" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0003388 xref: EFO:0000921 xref: EHDAA2:0004475 xref: EMAPA:18215 xref: FMA:62393 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Gray712.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Gray712.png/200px-Gray712.png xref: MA:0000212 xref: MAT:0000452 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1200 xref: SCTID:362392007 xref: TAO:0000160 xref: VHOG:0001367 xref: ZFA:0000160 is_a: UBERON:0002950 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of midbrain relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010285 {source="ZFA"} ! midbrain basal plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002298 ! brainstem property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "Together, our results reveal a shared basic organization in the tegmental domains of the diencephalon and midbrain of developing lamprey, indicating early appearance of the domain in vertebrate phylogeny.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001367", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2005.05.001 Villar-Cheda B, Abalo XM, Anadon R, Rodicio MC, The tegmental proliferation region in the sea lamprey. Brain Research Bulletin (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001944 name: pretectal region namespace: uberon def: "Region between dorsal thalamus and optic tectum[pub]. It receives binocular sensory input from retinal ganglion cells of the eyes, and is the region responsible for maintaining the pupillary light reflex. [WP,unvetted]." [ISBN10:0471888893, Wikipedia:Pretectum] comment: part of diencephalon in ZFA - modify to adjacent here, supported by pub subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "area pretectalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62402, FMA:TA] synonym: "nuclei pretectales" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62402, FMA:TA] synonym: "pretectal area" EXACT [] synonym: "pretectal nuclei" EXACT [] synonym: "pretectum" EXACT [] xref: ABA:PRT xref: BM:MB-Tec-PT xref: FMA:62402 xref: MA:0001062 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_703 xref: SCTID:416333003 xref: TAO:0000418 xref: ZFA:0000418 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0011214 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of midbrain tectum relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004703 {source="ISBN10:0471888893"} ! dorsal thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002314 {source="FMA"} ! midbrain tectum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001945 name: superior colliculus namespace: uberon def: "Part of the midbrain tectum consisting of paired bodies that sit caudal to the thalamus and surround the pineal gland in the mesencephalon of vertebrate brains. It comprises the rostral aspect of the midbrain, posterior to the periaqueductal gray and adjacent superior the inferior colliculus. The inferior and superior colliculi are known collectively as the corpora quadrigemina (Latin, quadruplet bodies). It consists of several identified cellular layers and also comprises the brachium of the superior colliculus and commissure of superior colliculus [Wikipedia.org and Neuronames (MM)]." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1040, Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus] comment: The term SC is used when discussing mammals, and OT for other vertebrates[WP]. The tectum is a layered structure, with a number of layers that vary by species. The superficial layers are sensory-related, and receive input from the eyes as well as other sensory systems.[1] The optic tectum is one of the fundamental components of the vertebrate brain, existing across the full range of species from hagfish to human.[4] (See the brain article for background.) Some aspects of the structure are very consistent, including a structure composed of a number of layers, with a dense input from the optic nerve to the superficial layers and another strong input conveying somatosensory input to deeper layers. Other aspects are highly variable, such as the total number of layers (from 3 in the African lungfish to 15 in the goldfish[5]), and the number of different types of cells (from 2 in the lungfish to 27 in the house sparrow[5]). In hagfish, lamprey, and shark it is a relatively small structure, but in teleost fish it is greatly expanded, in some cases becoming the largest structure in the brain. (See the adjoining drawing of a codfish brain.) In amphibians, reptiles, and especially birds it is also a very significant component, but in mammals it is dwarfed by the massive expansion of the cerebral cortex. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior colliculus" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior corpus quadrigeminum" EXACT [] synonym: "corpora bigemina" RELATED [] synonym: "cranial colliculus" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal midbrain" RELATED [] synonym: "optic lobe" RELATED [] synonym: "optic tectum" EXACT SENSU [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus, ZFA:0000445] synonym: "optic tectum" RELATED [] synonym: "tectal lobe" RELATED [] synonym: "tectum" RELATED [] synonym: "tectum opticum" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010609 xref: BM:MB-Tec-SC xref: BTO:0000965 xref: EFO:0002474 xref: EV:0100245 xref: FMA:62403 xref: GAID:576 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png/200px-Cn3nucleus.png xref: MA:0001068 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.659.237.816 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1040 xref: TAO:0000445 xref: XAO:0003226 xref: ZFA:0000445 is_a: UBERON:0002966 ! regional part of midbrain tectum is_a: UBERON:0006794 ! visual processing part of nervous system relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0002314 {source="FMA-abduced-lr"} ! midbrain tectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002259 ! corpora quadrigemina property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The brain structure where the two separate inputs from the two eyes are combined into a single, integrated map.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010609", ontology="AAO", source="PMID:17952453"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The roof of the midbrain, morphologically visible by the end of the segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000445", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001946 name: inferior colliculus namespace: uberon def: "The inferior colliculi together with the superior colliculi form the eminences of the corpora quadrigemina, and also part of the tectal region of the midbrain. The inferior colliculus lies caudal to its counterpart - the superior colliculus - above the trochlear nerve, and at the base of the projection of the medial geniculate nucleus (MGN) and the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). The inferior colliculus is the principal midbrain nucleus of the auditory pathway and receives input from several more peripheral brainstem nuclei in the auditory pathway, as well as inputs from the auditory cortex. The inferior colliculus has three subnuclei. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_colliculus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "caudal colliculus" EXACT [] synonym: "colliculus inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_colliculus] synonym: "inferior colliculi" EXACT PLURAL [EV:0100246] synonym: "posterior colliculus" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior corpus quadrigeminum" EXACT [] xref: ABA:IC xref: EFO:0002465 xref: EV:0100246 xref: FMA:62404 xref: GAID:575 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Gray711.png xref: MA:0001067 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.659.237.364 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_806 is_a: UBERON:0002966 ! regional part of midbrain tectum relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0002314 {source="FMA-abduced-lr"} ! midbrain tectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002259 ! corpora quadrigemina [Term] id: UBERON:0001947 name: red nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The red nucleus is a structure in the rostral midbrain involved in motor coordination. It comprises a caudal magnocellular and a rostral parvocellular part. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Red_nucleus] comment: Function notes: in animals without a significant corticospinal tract, gait is mainly controlled by the red nucleus. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus ruber" EXACT [TAO:0000552] synonym: "nucleus ruber" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Red_nucleus] xref: ABA:RN xref: BM:MB-RN xref: EHDAA2:0004706 xref: EV:0100248 xref: FMA:62407 xref: GAID:586 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png/200px-Cn3nucleus.png xref: MA:0001063 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.659.822.642 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1478 xref: SCTID:279287006 xref: TAO:0000552 xref: ZFA:0000552 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0007414 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 {source="FMA"} ! midbrain tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001948 name: regional part of spinal cord namespace: uberon def: "A multi-tissue structure that is part of a spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "spinal cord part" RELATED [] xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Cord_Part xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1496 xref: SCTID:244437008 xref: UMLS:C1268166 is_a: UBERON:0000073 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0001950 name: neocortex namespace: uberon def: "The neocortex is a part of the brain of mammals. It is the outer layer of the cerebral hemispheres, and made up of six layers, labelled I to VI (with VI being the innermost and I being the outermost). The neocortex is part of the cerebral cortex (along with the archicortex and paleocortex, which are cortical parts of the limbic system). It is involved in higher functions such as sensory perception, generation of motor commands, spatial reasoning, conscious thought and, in humans, language. Other names for the neocortex include neopallium and isocortex ('equal rind'). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Neocortex] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cerebral neocortex" EXACT [] synonym: "homogenetic cortex" EXACT DEPRECATED [ISBN10:0471888893] synonym: "homotypical cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2547] synonym: "isocortex" EXACT [] synonym: "isocortex (sensu lato)" EXACT [FMA:62429] synonym: "neopallial cortex" EXACT [] synonym: "neopallium" EXACT [] synonym: "nonolfactory cortex" RELATED [BTO:0000920] xref: ABA:Isocortex xref: BTO:0000920 xref: EHDAA2:0004662 xref: FMA:62429 xref: GAID:677 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Neocortex.jpg xref: MA:0002754 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.213.420 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2547 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002264 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002421 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001953 name: presubiculum namespace: uberon def: "a modified six-layered cortex between the subiculum and the main part of the parahippocampal gyrus." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/presubiculum] comment: Consider merging with BA27 synonym: "area 27 of Brodmann" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:62486] synonym: "presubiculum (Cajal)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1108] xref: ABA:PRE xref: BM:Tel-Cx-PSB xref: FMA:62486 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Brodmann_Cytoarchitectonics_27.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Brodmann_Cytoarchitectonics_27.png/200px-Brodmann_Cytoarchitectonics_27.png xref: MA:0000923 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1108 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002973 {source="FMA"} ! parahippocampal gyrus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002191 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002728 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0004683 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001954 name: Ammon's horn namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0003940 alt_id: UBERON:0004165 def: "A paired structure, with mirror-image halves in the left and right sides of the brain. The hippocampus is closely associated with the cerebral cortex, and in primates is located in the medial temporal lobe, underneath the cortical surface. It is shaped like a curved tube[WP]." [Wikipedia:Hippocampus] comment: WP: Non-mammalian species do not have a brain structure that looks like the mammalian hippocampus, but they have one that is considered homologous to it. The hippocampus, as pointed out above, is essentially the medial edge of the cortex. Only mammals have a fully developed cortex, but the structure it evolved from, called the pallium, is present in all vertebrates, even the most primitive ones such as the lamprey or hagfish.[82] The pallium is usually divided into three zones: medial, lateral, and dorsal. The medial pallium forms the precursor of the hippocampus. It does not resemble the hippocampus visually, because the layers are not warped into an S shape or enwrapped by the dentate gyrus, but the homology is indicated by strong chemical and functional affinities. There is now evidence that these hippocampal-like structures are involved in spatial cognition in birds, reptiles, and fish. In birds, the correspondence is sufficiently well established that most anatomists refer to the medial pallial zone as the "avian hippocampus". The story for fish is more complex. In teleost fish (which make up the great majority of existing species), the forebrain is distorted in comparison to other types of vertebrates: most neuroanatomists believe that the teleost forebrain is essentially everted, like a sock turned inside-out, so that structures that lie in the interior, next to the ventricles, for most vertebrates, are found on the outside in teleost fish, and vice versa.[86] One of the consequences of this is that the medial pallium ("hippocampal" zone) of a typical vertebrate is thought to correspond to the lateral pallium of a typical fish. Several types of fish (particularly goldfish) have been shown experimentally to have strong spatial memory abilities, even forming "cognitive maps" of the areas they inhabit.[80] There is evidence that damage to the lateral pallium impairs spatial memory. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ammon gyrus" EXACT [GO:0021541] synonym: "ammon horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_721] synonym: "Ammon's horn" EXACT [GO:0021541] synonym: "cornu ammonis" RELATED [GO:0021541] synonym: "hippocampus" RELATED [MA:0000191] synonym: "hippocampus major" EXACT [] synonym: "hippocampus proper" EXACT [] synonym: "hippocampus proprius" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62493, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:CA xref: BM:Tel-CAM xref: BTO:0003705 xref: EFO:0000530 xref: EHDAA2:0004443 xref: EMAPA:19039 xref: EMAPA:19148 xref: EV:0100180 xref: FMA:62493 xref: GAID:623 xref: http://scalablebrainatlas.incf.org/services/thumbnail.php?template=ABA07&size=L&dim=2d3d&format=png®ion=CA xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Gray739-emphasizing-hippocampus.png xref: MA:0000191 xref: MAT:0000114 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.577.405 xref: MIAA:0000114 xref: ncithesaurus:Cornu_Ammonis xref: ncithesaurus:Hippocampus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_721 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv3piFJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361561007 xref: UMLS:C0019564 xref: VHOG:0001177 is_a: UBERON:0002619 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000349 {source="FMA"} ! limbic system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002421 {source="ABA"} ! hippocampal formation relationship: part_of UBERON:0002600 {source="FMA"} ! limbic lobe property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001885 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002601 {source="ABA"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "hippocampal" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001964 name: least splanchnic nerve namespace: uberon def: "Thoracic nerve that nerve travels into the abdomen, where its fibers synapse in the renal ganglia." [Wikipedia:Thoracic_splanchnic_nerves#cite_note-4] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "least thoracic splanchnic nerve" EXACT [FMA:6283] synonym: "lowest splanchnic nerve" EXACT [FMA:6283] synonym: "nervus splanchnicus imus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6283, FMA:TA] synonym: "ramus renalis nervus splanchnici minoris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6283, FMA:TA] synonym: "ramus renalis nervus splanchnici minoris" EXACT [FMA:TA] synonym: "renal branch of lesser splanchnic nerve" EXACT [FMA:6283] synonym: "renal nerve" EXACT [FMA:6283] synonym: "thoracic splanchnic nerve" RELATED [] xref: EMAPA:29691 xref: FMA:6283 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray838.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray838.png/200px-Gray838.png xref: MA:0002635 xref: SCTID:280506004 is_a: UBERON:0003429 {is_inferred="true"} ! abdomen nerve is_a: UBERON:0003715 ! splanchnic nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0001965 name: substantia nigra pars compacta namespace: uberon def: "Regional part of substantia nigra consisting of a densely packed region of cells, more or less dorsal to the pars reticulata, but extending into the pars reticulata in some species. The dominant neurotransmitter used by pars compacta neurons is dopamine. Pars compacta neurons are pigmented in many species (MM)[NIF]." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_990, Wikipedia:Substantia_nigra_pars_compacta] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "compact part of substantia nigra" EXACT [] synonym: "pars compacta" EXACT [] synonym: "pars compacta substantiae nigrae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62907, FMA:TA] synonym: "SNpc" EXACT [] synonym: "substantia nigra compact part" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_990] synonym: "substantia nigra compacta" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_990] synonym: "substantia nigra, compact part" EXACT [] xref: ABA:SNc xref: BM:MB-SNc xref: BTO:0003749 xref: FMA:62907 xref: MA:0001064 xref: ncithesaurus:Pars_Compacta xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_990 xref: UMLS:C0175412 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002038 ! substantia nigra property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002142 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007412 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001966 name: substantia nigra pars reticulata namespace: uberon def: "Regional part of substantia nigra consisting of loosely packed cells, generally located ventral and lateral to the pars compacta. Many cells in this region use GABA as a neurotransmitter (MM)[NLex]." [Neurolex:Substantia_nigra_pars_reticulata, Wikipedia:Pars_reticulata] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pars reticularis substantiae nigrae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62908, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars reticulata" EXACT [] synonym: "reticular part of substantia nigra" EXACT [] synonym: "substantia nigra, reticular part" EXACT [] xref: ABA:SNr xref: BM:MB-SNr xref: BTO:0003750 xref: FMA:62908 xref: MA:0001066 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_968 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002038 ! substantia nigra property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001989 name: superior cervical ganglion namespace: uberon def: "Trunk ganglion which is bilaterally paired and located at the anterior end of the sympathetic ganglion chain." [Wikipedia:Superior_cervical_ganglion, ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ganglion cervicale superius" RELATED [BTO:0001325] synonym: "ganglion cervicale superius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_cervical_ganglion] synonym: "superior cervical sympathetic ganglion" EXACT [] synonym: "superior sympathetic cervical ganglion" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0001325 xref: EFO:0001945 xref: EHDAA:8943 xref: EMAPA:18441 xref: FMA:6467 xref: GAID:712 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Gray844.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Gray844.png/200px-Gray844.png xref: MA:0001156 xref: MESH:A08.340.315.350.850 xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Cervical_Ganglion xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001946 xref: SCTID:279278002 xref: TAO:0001572 xref: UMLS:C0206257 xref: ZFA:0001572 is_a: UBERON:0001991 ! cervical ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0001990 name: middle cervical ganglion namespace: uberon def: "The middle cervical ganglion is the smallest of the three cervical ganglia, and is occasionally absent. It is placed opposite the sixth cervical vertebra, usually in front of, or close to, the inferior thyroid artery. It is probably formed by the coalescence of two ganglia corresponding to the fifth and sixth cervical nerves. It sends gray rami communicantes to the fifth and sixth cervical nerves, and gives off the middle cardiac nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Middle_cervical_ganglion] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ganglion cervicale medium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_cervical_ganglion] synonym: "ganglion cervicale medium" RELATED [BTO:0000359] synonym: "middle cervical sympathetic ganglion" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000359 xref: EHDAA:8941 xref: EMAPA:18440 xref: FMA:6468 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Gray844.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Gray844.png/200px-Gray844.png xref: MA:0001155 xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Cervical_Ganglion xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001180 xref: SCTID:279279005 xref: UMLS:C0228999 is_a: UBERON:0001991 ! cervical ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0001991 name: cervical ganglion namespace: uberon def: "The cervical ganglia are paravertebral ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system. They consist of three paravertebral ganglia: superior cervical ganglion middle cervical ganglion inferior cervical ganglion. The inferior ganglion may be fused with the first thoracic ganglion to form a single structure, the stellate ganglion. Nerves emerging from cervical sympathetic ganglia contribute to the cardiac plexus, among other things. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cervical_ganglion] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cervical sympathetic ganglion" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000113 xref: EMAPA:18438 xref: FMA:6470 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Gray844.png/200px-Gray844.png xref: MA:0001153 xref: SCTID:181100007 is_a: UBERON:0001807 ! paravertebral ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0001997 name: olfactory epithelium namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0004853 def: "Epithelium inside the nasal cavity that is responsible for detecting odors[WP]." [Wikipedia:Olfactory_epithelium, ZFIN:curator] comment: Genes: V1Rs, Trpc2 present in lamprey // See also: FMA:77199 subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "nasal cavity olfactory epithelium" EXACT [MA:0001325] synonym: "nasal epithelium" RELATED [] synonym: "nasal sensory epithelium" RELATED [] synonym: "olfactory membrane" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2703] synonym: "olfactory mucosa" RELATED [GAID:303] synonym: "olfactory sensory epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "sensory olfactory epithelium" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010158 xref: BTO:0000108 xref: EFO:0001972 xref: EHDAA2:0001228 xref: EHDAA:4774 xref: EMAPA:17606 xref: FMA:64803 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray857.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray857.png/200px-Gray857.png xref: MA:0001325 xref: MAT:0000445 xref: ncithesaurus:Olfactory_Epithelium xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2703 xref: SCTID:37623003 xref: TAO:0000554 xref: UMLS:C0599332 xref: VHOG:0000985 xref: ZFA:0000554 is_a: UBERON:0006934 ! sensory epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Sensory lining of the medial wall, roof and anterior aspects of the main olfactory cavity (cavum principale).[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010158", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:DSM"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: part_of principal cavity (AAO:0000992)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010158", ontology="AAO"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002003 name: peripheral nerve namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0003377 def: "Neural tree (organ) which is directly continuous with the neuraxis. Examples: phrenic nerve, radial nerve, ilioinguinal nerve, sciatic nerve[FMA]. The peripheral nerves include the 12 cranial nerves, the spinal nerves and roots, and what are called the autonomic nerves that are concerned specifically with the regulation of the heart muscle, the muscles in blood vessel walls, and glands[BTO]. The nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord, including the autonomic, cranial, and spinal nerves. Peripheral nerves contain non-neuronal cells and connective tissue as well as axons. The connective tissue layers include, from the outside to the inside, the epineurium, the perineurium, and the endoneurium[GAID]. A peripheral nerve, or simply nerve is an enclosed, cable-like bundle of peripheral axons (the long, slender projections of neurons). A nerve provides a common pathway for the electrochemical nerve impulses that are transmitted along each of the axons. Nerves are found only in the peripheral nervous system. In the central nervous system, the analogous structures are known as tracts[WP]." [Wikipedia:Peripheral_nerve] comment: TODO - check definition vs nerve. See notes for cranial nerve II (optic nerve) subset: major_organ subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nerve part of peripheral nervous system" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1615] synonym: "peripheral nerve tree" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001027 xref: EMAPA:25148 xref: EV:0100371 xref: FMA:65239 xref: GAID:747 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Nervous_system_diagram.png/200px-Nervous_system_diagram.png xref: MA:0000228 xref: MESH:A08.800.800 xref: ncithesaurus:Peripheral_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1615 xref: SCTID:244457007 xref: UMLS:C0031119 xref: VHOG:0000901 xref: XAO:0000204 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: has_part CL:0002573 ! Schwann cell relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0002004 name: trunk of sciatic nerve namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "sciatic nerve trunk" EXACT [] synonym: "sciatic neural trunk" EXACT [] xref: FMA:65507 xref: MA:0001178 is_a: UBERON:0001147 ! trunk of peripheral nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0002005 name: enteric nervous system namespace: uberon def: "The enteric nervous system is composed of two ganglionated neural plexuses in the gut wall which form one of the three major divisions of the autonomic nervous system. The enteric nervous system innervates the gastrointestinal tract, the pancreas, and the gall bladder. It contains sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons. Thus the circuitry can autonomously sense the tension and the chemical environment in the gut and regulate blood vessel tone, motility, secretions, and fluid transport. The system is itself governed by the central nervous system and receives both parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation[GO]." [Wikipedia:Enteric_nervous_system] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "PNS - enteric" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0002506 xref: EFO:0000895 xref: EHDAA2:0004202 xref: EMAPA:26922 xref: FMA:66070 xref: GAID:799 xref: MA:0000222 xref: MAT:0000102 xref: MESH:A08.800.050.150 xref: MIAA:0000102 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1166 xref: TAO:0001155 xref: ZFA:0001155 is_a: UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0002008 name: cardiac nerve plexus namespace: uberon def: "a plexus of nerves situated at the base of the heart that innervate the heart." [Wikipedia:Cardiac_plexus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "autonomic nerve plexus of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autonomic plexus of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "heart autonomic nerve plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart autonomic plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart visceral nerve plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart visceral plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "plexus cardiacus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6628, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus cardiacus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cardiac_plexus] synonym: "visceral nerve plexus of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "visceral plexus of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:6628 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray838.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray838.png/200px-Gray838.png xref: MA:0001138 xref: ncithesaurus:Cardiac_Nerve_Plexus xref: SCTID:280511002 xref: UMLS:C0459528 is_a: UBERON:0001816 ! autonomic nerve plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0002009 name: pulmonary nerve plexus namespace: uberon def: "The pulmonary plexus is an autonomic plexus formed from pulmonary branches of vagus nerve and the sympathetic trunk. It supplies the Bronchial tree. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pulmonary_plexus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "plexus pulmonalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6629, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus pulmonalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pulmonary_plexus] synonym: "pulmonary plexus" EXACT [FMA:6629] xref: FMA:6629 xref: MA:0001143 xref: SCTID:280512009 is_a: UBERON:0001816 {source="MA"} ! autonomic nerve plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0002010 name: celiac nerve plexus namespace: uberon def: "The celiac plexus, also known as the solar plexus, is a complex network of nerves located in the abdomen. The celiac plexus is located near where the celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, and renal arteries branch from the abdominal aorta. It is behind the stomach and the omental bursa and in front of the crura of the diaphragm, on the level of the first lumbar vertebra, L1. The plexus is formed (in part) by the greater and lesser splanchnic nerves of both sides, and also parts of the right vagus nerve. The celiac plexus proper consists of the celiac ganglia with a network of interconnecting fibers. The aorticorenal ganglia are often considered to be part of the celiac ganglia, and thus, part of the plexus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Celiac_plexus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "celiac plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "coeliac nerve plexus" RELATED [] synonym: "coeliac plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "plexus coeliacus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6630, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus coeliacus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Celiac_plexus] synonym: "plexus nervosus coeliacus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6630, FMA:TA] synonym: "solar plexus" RELATED [MESH:A08.800.050.050.150] xref: FMA:6630 xref: GAID:796 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray838.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray838.png/200px-Gray838.png xref: MA:0001139 xref: MESH:A08.800.050.050.150 xref: SCTID:362494009 is_a: UBERON:0001816 ! autonomic nerve plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0002013 name: superior hypogastric nerve plexus namespace: uberon def: "The superior hypogastric plexus (in older texts, hypogastric plexus or presacral nerve) is a plexus of nerves situated on the vertebral bodies below the bifurcation of the aorta. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_hypogastric_plexus] comment: Check relationship with generic hypogastric nerve/plexus subset: uberon_slim synonym: "hypogastric plexus" RELATED [] synonym: "nervus presacralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6642, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus hypogastricus inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_hypogastric_plexus] synonym: "plexus hypogastricus superior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6642, FMA:TA] synonym: "presacral nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "superior hypogastric plexus" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:19274 xref: FMA:6642 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray838.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray838.png/200px-Gray838.png xref: MA:0001142 xref: SCTID:244484008 is_a: UBERON:0001816 ! autonomic nerve plexus relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005303 ! hypogastric nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0002014 name: inferior hypogastric nerve plexus namespace: uberon def: "The inferior hypogastric plexus (pelvic plexus in some texts) is a plexus of nerves that supplies the viscera of the pelvic cavity. The inferior hypogastric plexus is a paired structure, with each situated on the side of the rectum in the male, and at the sides of the rectum and vagina in the female. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_hypogastric_plexus] comment: Check relationship with generic hypogastric nerve/plexus subset: uberon_slim synonym: "inferior hypogastric plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "pelvic nerve plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "pelvic plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "plexus hypogastricus inferior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6643, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus hypogastricus inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_hypogastric_plexus] synonym: "plexus nervosus pelvicus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6643, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus pelvicus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6643, FMA:TA] xref: EMAPA:19275 xref: FMA:6643 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray838.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray838.png/200px-Gray838.png xref: MA:0001141 xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Hypogastric_Nerve_Plexus xref: SCTID:192608000 xref: UMLS:C0205797 is_a: UBERON:0001816 ! autonomic nerve plexus relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005303 ! hypogastric nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0002019 name: accessory XI nerve namespace: uberon def: "a nerve that controls specific muscles of the shoulder and neck." [Wikipedia:Spinal_accessory_nerve] comment: Taxon notes: In mice, the spinal branch of this motor nerve innervates the trapezius and the sternocleidomastoid muscles. The cranial branch joins the vagus nerve and innervates the same targets as the vagus nerve[GO] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "accessory nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "accessory nerve [XI]" EXACT [] synonym: "accessory XI" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000106] synonym: "accessory XI nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "cervical accessory nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "CN-XI" RELATED [VHOG:0000699] synonym: "cranial nerve XI" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_812] synonym: "eleventh cranial nerve" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_812] synonym: "nervus accessorius [xi]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6720, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars spinalis nervus accessorius" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6720, FMA:TA] synonym: "spinal accessory nerve" EXACT [FMA:6720] synonym: "spinal accessory nerve tree" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal part of accessory nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "Willis' nerve" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010476 xref: EHDAA2:0000106 xref: EHDAA:2855 xref: EMAPA:17159 xref: EMAPA:17265 xref: FMA:6720 xref: GAID:825 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Gray791.png/200px-Gray791.png xref: MA:0001088 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.060 xref: ncithesaurus:Accessory_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_812 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwTEwI5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362469008 xref: UMLS:C0000905 xref: VHOG:0000699 xref: XAO:0004214 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Cranial nerve that innervates the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius complex of muscles. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-1, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000699", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Small motor nerve which innervates a single pectoral suspensory muscle, the m. cucullaris.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010476", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "Cranial nerves XI and XII evolved in the common ancestor to amniotes (non-amphibian tetrapods) thus totalling twelve pairs.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000699", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranial_nerves"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002020 name: gray matter of neuraxis namespace: uberon def: "Heterogeneous cluster of neural somas in the brain and the spinal cord." [Wikipedia:Gray_matter] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "gray mater" RELATED [ZFA:0001681] synonym: "gray matter" EXACT [] synonym: "grey matter" EXACT [] synonym: "grey substance" EXACT [] synonym: "neuronal grey matter" EXACT [AEO:0001012] synonym: "substantia grisea" EXACT LATIN [FMA:67242, FMA:TA] xref: AEO:0001012 xref: EHDAA2:0003136 xref: EHDAA2_RETIRED:0004658 xref: FMA:67242 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Spinal_nerve.svg/200px-Spinal_nerve.svg.png xref: MA:0001112 xref: ncithesaurus:Gray_Matter xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwDdKMpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: TAO:0002197 xref: UMLS:C0018220 xref: VHOG:0001768 xref: ZFA:0001681 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Multi-tissue comprised of neurons, dendrites, axon terminals, glial cells, and capillaries.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002197", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002021 name: occipital lobe namespace: uberon def: "Occipital lobe is the one of five lobes of the cerebral hemisphere which occupies the posterior-most portion of the hemisphere. Anteriorly, it shares an arbitrary border with the parietal lobe and temporal lobe. Medially, it is bounded by the longitudinal cerebral fissure." [Wikipedia:Occipital_lobe] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lobus occipitalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Occipital_lobe] synonym: "occipital cortex" EXACT [] synonym: "occipital neocortex" EXACT [DHB:Ocx] synonym: "regio occipitalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:67325, FMA:TA] xref: BTO:0000293 xref: EFO:0000915 xref: EV:0100170 xref: FMA:67325 xref: GAID:678 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Gray727_occipital_lobe.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gray727_occipital_lobe.png/200px-Gray727_occipital_lobe.png xref: MA:0000913 xref: MAT:0000507 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.213.571 xref: ncithesaurus:Occipital_Lobe xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1136 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv9OFy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180923002 xref: UMLS:C0028785 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001872 ! parietal lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002022 name: insula namespace: uberon def: "The insula is the one of five lobes of the cerebral hemisphere. It lies in the depths of the lateral fissure and is covered by portions of the frontal, parietal and temporal lobes." [Wikipedia:Insular_cortex] comment: AO notes: two classes in ncit, Central_Lobe is part of temporal lobe subset: uberon_slim synonym: "central lobe" EXACT [FMA:67329] synonym: "cortex of island" EXACT [FMA:67329] synonym: "insula lobule" EXACT [FMA:67329] synonym: "insular cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1117] synonym: "insular cortex" EXACT [FMA:67329] synonym: "insular lobe" EXACT [FMA:67329] synonym: "insular region" EXACT [FMA:67329] synonym: "insulary cortex" RELATED [BTO:0001105] synonym: "island of Reil" EXACT [FMA:67329] synonym: "lobus insularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:67329, FMA:TA] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-Ins xref: BTO:0001105 xref: EV:0100172 xref: FMA:67329 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/Gray731.png xref: MA:0000909 xref: ncithesaurus:Central_Lobe xref: ncithesaurus:Insula xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1117 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvpK5WZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:279201009 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 {source="NIF", source="BTO"} ! cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 {source="FMA"} ! cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002023 name: claustrum of brain namespace: uberon def: "one of the four basal ganglia in each cerebral hemisphere that consists of a thin lamina of gray matter between the lentiform nucleus and the insula[BTO]. The claustrum, which is suspected to be present in all mammals, is a fairly thin (fraction of 1 mm to multiple mms) vertical curved sheet of subcortical gray matter oriented sagittally between the white matter tracts of the external capsule and extreme capsule. The claustrum is lateral to the putamen and medial to the insular cortex and is considered by some sources to be part of the basal ganglia. There are lateral and medial tracts connecting to many cortices and perhaps to the hippocampus, the amygdala, and the caudate nucleus (connections with subcortical centers are a matter of debate)[WP]." [BTO:0004292, Wikipedia:Claustrum] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "claustrum" EXACT [MA:0000888] synonym: "dorsal claustrum" EXACT [FMA:67440] synonym: "dorsal portion of claustrum" EXACT [FMA:67440] xref: ABA:CLA xref: BM:Tel-Cl xref: BTO:0004292 xref: EV:0100183 xref: FMA:67440 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg xref: MA:0000888 xref: ncithesaurus:Claustrum xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1522 xref: SCTID:279410004 xref: UMLS:C0008910 is_a: UBERON:0002420 {source="FMA"} ! basal ganglion is_a: UBERON:0005401 {is_inferred="true"} ! cerebral grey matter disjoint_from: UBERON:0002729 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! claustral amygdaloid area relationship: part_of UBERON:0000203 {source="ISBN10:0471888893"} ! pallium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 {source="ISBN10:0471888893"} ! cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0006098 {source="NIF"} ! basal nuclear complex property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:40674 {source="Wikipedia"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002887 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006107 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002024 name: internal carotid nerve plexus namespace: uberon def: "The internal carotid plexus (carotid plexus) is situated on the lateral side of the internal carotid artery, and in the plexus there occasionally exists a small gangliform swelling, the carotid ganglion, on the under surface of the artery. Postganglionic sympathetic fibres ascend from the superior cervical ganglion, along the walls of the internal carotid artery, to enter the internal carotid plexus. These fibres then distribute to deep structures, which include the levator palpebrae superioris and pupillary dilator muscles. Some of the fibres from the internal carotid plexus converge to form the deep petrosal nerve. The internal carotid plexus communicates with the semilunar ganglion, the abducent nerve, and the sphenopalatine ganglion; it distributes filaments to the wall of the carotid artery, and also communicates with the tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Internal_carotid_nerve_plexus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "internal carotid plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "plexus caroticus internus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:67533, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:67533 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Gray840.png/200px-Gray840.png xref: MA:0001162 xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Carotid_Nerve_Plexus xref: SCTID:280509006 xref: UMLS:C0459526 is_a: UBERON:0001816 ! autonomic nerve plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0002028 name: hindbrain namespace: uberon def: "The most posterior of the three principal regions of the brain. In mammals and birds the hindbrain is divided into a rostral metencephalon and a caudal myelencephalon. In zebrafish, with the exception of the cerebellum, the ventral remainder of the metencephalon can be separated only arbitrarily from the more caudal myelencephalic portion of the medulla oblongata (From: Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain)[ZFA]. Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the pons, cerebellum and medulla oblongata[FMA]." [Wikipedia:Rhombencephalon, ZFA:0000029, ZFIN:curator] comment: in MA, brainstem and hindbrain and part-of siblings under brain, consistent with FMA and NIF. See also notes for cerebellum. We weaken the relation in ABA to overlaps subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "rhombencephalon" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010150 xref: ABA:HB xref: BTO:0000672 xref: EFO:0000923 xref: EHDAA2:0000746 xref: EHDAA:3514 xref: EHDAA:6487 xref: EMAPA:16916 xref: FMA:67687 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg/200px-EmbryonicBrain.svg.png xref: MA:0000195 xref: MAT:0000107 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.810 xref: MIAA:0000107 xref: ncithesaurus:Hind-Brain xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_942 xref: TAO:0000029 xref: UMLS:C0035507 xref: VHOG:0000070 xref: XAO:0000015 xref: ZFA:0000029 is_a: UBERON:0004732 ! segmental subdivision of nervous system relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003076 {source="XAO"} ! posterior neural tube relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002298 {source="ABA", notes="modified-source-relation"} ! brainstem relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 {source="ZFA"} ! brain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001891 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001894 {source="ABA"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Posterior part of the brain consisting of the cerebellum and medulla oblongata.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010150", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The most posterior of the three principal regions of the brain, forming the rhombencephalon and all or most of the metencephalon. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000029", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: develops_from hindbrain neural tube (TAO:0007043)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000029", ontology="TAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "Fine structural, computerized three-dimensional (3D) mapping of cell connectivity in the amphioxus nervous system and comparative molecular genetic studies of amphioxus and tunicates have provided recent insights into the phylogenetic origin of the vertebrate nervous system. The results suggest that several of the genetic mechanisms for establishing and patterning the vertebrate nervous system already operated in the ancestral chordate and that the nerve cord of the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates included a diencephalon, midbrain, hindbrain, and spinal cord.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000070", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/S0959-4388(99)00003-3 Holland LZ and Holland ND, Chordate origins of the vertebrate central nervous system. Current Opinion in Neurobiology (1999)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "rhombencephalic" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0002034 name: suprachiasmatic nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The suprachiasmatic nucleus, or nuclei, (SCN), a tiny region on the brain's midline in a shallow impression of the optic chiasm, is responsible for controlling endogenous circadian rhythms. The neuronal and hormonal activities it generates regulate many different body functions over a 24-hour period. The SCN, pine cone shaped and the size of a grain of rice, interacts with many other regions of the brain. It contains several cell types and several different peptides and neurotransmitters. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Suprachiasmatic_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "nucleus suprachiasmaticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Suprachiasmatic_nucleus] synonym: "SCN" RELATED [BTO:0001822] synonym: "suprachiasmatic nucleus of hypothalamus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:SCH xref: BM:Die-Hy-SCN xref: BTO:0001822 xref: EFO:0002475 xref: EV:0100228 xref: FMA:67883 xref: GAID:645 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: MA:0000843 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.357.342.625 xref: ncithesaurus:Suprachiasmatic_Nucleus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1325 xref: SCTID:369132004 xref: TAO:0000441 xref: UMLS:C0038866 xref: VHOG:0000036 xref: XAO:0004072 xref: ZFA:0000441 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0006568 {is_inferred="true"} ! hypothalamic nucleus is_a: UBERON:0007251 {is_inferred="true"} ! preoptic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001928 ! preoptic area relationship: part_of UBERON:0002272 ! medial zone of hypothalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001934 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002219 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002625 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002689 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002690 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007626 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002035 name: medial preoptic nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The medial preoptic nucleus is bounded laterally by the lateral preoptic nucleus, and medially by the preoptic periventricular nucleus. It releases gonadotropin-releasing hormone, controls copulation in males, and is larger in males than in females.[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_preoptic_nucleus#Medial_preoptic_nucleus, Wikipedia:Sexually_dimorphic_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "medial preoptic hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:MPN xref: FMA:67890 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: MA:0000840 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_706 xref: SCTID:369128005 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0006568 {is_inferred="true"} ! hypothalamic nucleus is_a: UBERON:0007251 {is_inferred="true"} ! preoptic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0007769 {source="MA"} ! medial preoptic region property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001935 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002206 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002625 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002634 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002706 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002037 name: cerebellum namespace: uberon def: "Part of the metencephalon that lies in the posterior cranial fossa behind the brain stem. It is concerned with the coordination of movement[MESH]. A large dorsally projecting part of the brain concerned especially with the coordination of muscles and the maintenance of bodily equilibrium, situated between the brain stem and the back of the cerebrum , and formed in humans of two lateral lobes and a median lobe[BTO]. Brain structure derived from the anterior hindbrain, and perhaps including posterior midbrain. The cerebellum plays a role in somatic motor function, the control of muscle tone, and balance[ZFA]." [BTO:0000232, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=3291162&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, ISBN:3764351209, MESH:A08.186.211.132.810.428.200, ZFA:0000100] comment: note that almost all AOs agree that the cerebellum is part of the hindbrain (sometimes specifically part of the metencephalon, which, when present, is part of the hindbrain). However, ABA has cerebellum and brain stem as partof siblings, with the hindbrain part of the brainstem subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "epencephalon-1" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010485 xref: ABA:CB xref: BM:CB xref: BTO:0000232 xref: EFO:0000327 xref: EHDAA2:0000232 xref: EMAPA:17787 xref: EV:0100293 xref: FMA:67944 xref: GAID:595 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Cerebellum_NIH.png/200px-Cerebellum_NIH.png xref: MA:0000198 xref: MAT:0000110 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.810.428.200 xref: MIAA:0000110 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebellum xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1489 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvl1eipwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180924008 xref: TAO:0000100 xref: UMLS:C0007765 xref: VHOG:0000024 xref: XAO:0003098 xref: ZFA:0000100 is_a: UBERON:0002680 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of metencephalon relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006215 {evidence="definitional"} ! rhombic lip relationship: part_of UBERON:0001895 {source="FMA", source="MA"} ! metencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 {source="NIF", source="ZFA"} ! hindbrain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001893 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002298 {source="ABA"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Dorsal part of the hindbrain that coordinates muscle movement, posture, and balance.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010485", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Specialized brain region derived from the dorsal metencephalon (anterior hindbrain, and perhaps including posterior midbrain) and becoming distinctive late in the segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000100", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "However, although the lamprey possesses a region comparable to the cerebellum and display expression of LjFgf8/17 at the MHB (midbrain hindbrain boundary), it does not have Purkinje cells and cerebellar nuclei, as well as components of the rhombic lip-derived cerebellar and pre-cerebellar systems. It is noteworthy that the latter structures require specific expression of Pax6 in the rhombic lip of the gnathostome hindbrain. Interestingly, the lamprey rhombic lip does not express Pax6. Thus, it is tempting to speculate that in vertebrate evolution the rostral hindbrain is incapable of differentiating into the cerebellum before the co-option of Pax6 in that region. In other words, cerebellum has been brought about as an evolutionary innovation in gnathostomes, based on exaptation of MHB, rhombic lip, and some regulatory gene expression already present in the vertebrate common ancestor.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000024", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.ydbio.2005.02.008 Murakami Y, Uchida K, Rijli FM and Kuratani S, Evolution of the brain developmental plan: Insights from agnathans. Developmental Biology (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "cerebellar" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0002038 name: substantia nigra namespace: uberon def: "Subdivision of the midbrain anterior to the midbrain tegmentum which contains darkly pigmented neurons[FMA]." [FMA:67947, Wikipedia:Substantia_nigra] comment: TODO: In BTO and NIF, part of basal ganglion which is part of telencephalon - but this is inconsistent with being part of midbrain, if these are spatially disjoint, as in ABA subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus of basis pedunculi" EXACT [] synonym: "Soemmering's substance" EXACT [] synonym: "substancia nigra" RELATED [Wikipedia:Substantia_nigra] xref: BTO:0000143 xref: EFO:0000922 xref: EHDAA2:0004711 xref: EV:0100247 xref: FMA:67947 xref: GAID:581 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Midbraincrosssection.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Midbraincrosssection.png/200px-Midbraincrosssection.png xref: MA:0000210 xref: MAT:0000504 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.659.687 xref: ncithesaurus:Substantia_Nigra xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_789 xref: SCTID:279286002 xref: UMLS:C0038590 xref: VHOG:0001573 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0009661 {is_inferred="true"} ! midbrain nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001891 {source="FMA-abduced-lr"} ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 {source="multiple"} ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002420 {source="NIF"} ! basal ganglion property_value: UBPROP:0000003 " (...) the substantia nigra first appears in reptiles and is best developed in primates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001573", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471090588 Hildebrand M, Analysis of vertebrate structure (1983) p.336", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002043 name: dorsal raphe nucleus namespace: uberon def: "A large raphe nucleus extending from the anterior part of the pons through the mesencephalon; its neurons are serotoninergic[NIF]. The dorsal raphe nucleus is a part of the raphe nucleus and consists of rostral and caudal subdivisions. The rostral aspect of the dorsal raphe is further divided into interfascicular, ventral, ventrolateral and dorsal subnuclei. The projections of the dorsal raphe have been found to vary topographically, and thus the subnuclei differ in their projections. An increased number of cells in the lateral aspects of the dorsal raphe is characteristic of humans and other primates. [WP,unvetted]." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=440764&aid=3248146&group_id=36855, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_982, Wikipedia:Dorsal_raphe_nucleus] comment: TODO check dorsal vs inferior. ZF has no pons. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cell group b7" EXACT [FMA:68462] synonym: "dorsal nucleus of the raphe" EXACT [BrainInfo:512, FMA:68462] synonym: "dorsal nucleus raphe" EXACT [FMA:68462] synonym: "dorsal raphe" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_982] synonym: "inferior raphe nucleus" EXACT [GO:0021724] synonym: "nucleus raphe posterior, nucleus raphe dorsalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsal_raphe_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus raphes dorsalis" EXACT [BrainInfo:512, BTO:0002434] synonym: "nucleus raphes posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus raphes posterior" RELATED [BTO:0002434] synonym: "posterior raphe nucleus" EXACT [FMA:68462] synonym: "posterior raphe nucleus" RELATED [GO:0021724] xref: ABA:DR xref: BM:MB-DR xref: BTO:0002434 xref: EFO:0001919 xref: FMA:68462 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Drn.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c6/Drn.png/200px-Drn.png xref: MA:0002980 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_982 xref: TAO:0000366 xref: ZFA:0000366 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0007415 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of midbrain reticular formation relationship: part_of UBERON:0002639 {source="Wikipedia"} ! midbrain reticular formation relationship: part_of UBERON:0004684 {source="Wikipedia"} ! raphe nuclei property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002145 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002044 name: ventral nucleus of posterior commissure namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "Darkshevich's nucleus" EXACT [FMA:68464] synonym: "nucleus of Darkschewitsch" EXACT [FMA:68464] xref: ABA:ND xref: BM:MB-D xref: FMA:68464 xref: MA:0001072 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_896 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0007414 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 {source="FMA"} ! midbrain tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002551 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002045 name: cuneate nucleus namespace: uberon def: "One of the dorsal column nuclei, the cuneate nucleus is a wedge-shaped nucleus in the closed part of the medulla oblongata. It contains cells that give rise to the cuneate tubercle, visible on the posterior aspect of the medulla. It lies laterally to the gracile nucleus and medial to the spinal trigeminal nucleus in the medulla. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cuneate_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Burdach's nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "burdachs nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2640] synonym: "cuneate" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2640] synonym: "nucleus cuneatus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cuneate_nucleus] xref: ABA:CU xref: BM:Me-Cu xref: FMA:68465 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Gray691.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray691.png/200px-Gray691.png xref: MA:0001035 xref: ncithesaurus:Cuneate_Nucleus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2640 xref: SCTID:369072005 xref: UMLS:C0228548 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0007635 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002161 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002047 name: pontine raphe nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The Pontine raphe nucleus is one of the raphe nuclei. It is located in the pontine tegmentum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pontine_raphe_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus raphes pontis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pontine_raphe_nucleus] synonym: "raphe of pons" EXACT [] synonym: "raphe pontis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:68875, FMA:TA] synonym: "raphe pontis nucleus" RELATED [] xref: ABA:RPO xref: FMA:68875 xref: MA:0001022 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1110 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002680 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 {is_inferred="true"} ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 ! pontine tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0004684 {source="Wikipedia"} ! raphe nuclei property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002148 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002267 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002587 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003004 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002058 name: ciliary ganglion namespace: uberon def: "The ciliary ganglion is a parasympathetic ganglion located in the posterior orbit. It measures 12 millimeters in diameter and contains approximately 2,500 neurons. Preganglionic axons from the Edinger-Westphal nucleus form synapses with these cells. The postganglionic axons run in the short ciliary nerves and innervate two eye muscles: the sphincter pupillae constricts the pupil, known as Miosis. The opposite, Mydriasis, is the dilation of the pupil. the ciliaris muscle contracts, releasing tension on the Zonular Fibers, making the lens more convex, also known as accommodation. Both of these muscles are involuntary they are controlled by the autonomic nervous system. It is one of four parasympathetic ganglia of the head and neck.. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ciliary_ganglion] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ganglion ciliare" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ciliary_ganglion] xref: EFO:0002559 xref: EHDAA2:0000251 xref: EHDAA:5623 xref: EMAPA:18222 xref: FMA:6964 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Augennerven.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Augennerven.jpg/200px-Augennerven.jpg xref: MA:0001136 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100304 xref: SCTID:279281007 xref: VHOG:0000805 is_a: UBERON:0001808 ! parasympathetic ganglion property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "Little is known about the development of parasympathetic neurons apart from the ciliary ganglion in chicks. Although there are considerable gaps in our knowledge, some of the mechanisms controlling sympathetic and enteric neuron development appear to be conserved between mammals, avians and zebrafish.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000805", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.autneu.2010.03.002 Young HM, Cane KN, Anderson CR, Development of the autonomic nervous system: A comparative view. Autonomic Neuroscience : basic and clinical (2010)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002059 name: submandibular ganglion namespace: uberon def: "The submandibular ganglion (or submaxillary ganglion in older texts) is part of the human autonomic nervous system. It is one of four parasympathetic ganglia of the head and neck.. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Submandibular_ganglion] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Blandin`s ganglion" RELATED [BTO:0001318] synonym: "ganglion submandibulare" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Submandibular_ganglion] synonym: "ganglion submandibulare" RELATED [BTO:0001318] synonym: "lingual ganglion" RELATED [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=2979467&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, MA:0002470] synonym: "maxillary ganglion" RELATED [MA:0002470] synonym: "submaxillary ganglion" RELATED [MA:0002470] xref: BTO:0001318 xref: EHDAA2:0001942 xref: EHDAA:6710 xref: FMA:6966 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Gray778.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/83/Gray778.png/200px-Gray778.png xref: MA:0002470 xref: ncithesaurus:Submandibular_Ganglion xref: SCTID:279282000 xref: UMLS:C0229063 is_a: UBERON:0001808 {source="MA"} ! parasympathetic ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002092 name: brain dura mater namespace: uberon def: "the fibrous membrane forming the outer of the three coverings that surrounds the brain within the cranial cavity; consists of two layers including the periosteal layer and the meningeal layer." [MP:0009025] synonym: "cranial dura mater" EXACT [FMA:71236] synonym: "dura mater encephali" EXACT [] synonym: "dura mater of brain" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:17766 xref: EMAPA:17785 xref: EMAPA:17793 xref: EV:0100313 xref: FMA:71236 xref: MA:0000815 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Dura_Mater xref: SCTID:309321003 xref: UMLS:C0459393 xref: VHOG:0000270 is_a: UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater is_a: UBERON:0003547 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain meninx intersection_of: UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The outermost and densest membrane of the three mammalian meninges covering the brain and spinal cord. [Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier, adapted_from_Dorian_AF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000270", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000270", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002093 name: spinal dura mater namespace: uberon def: "A dura mater that is part of a spinal cord [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: organ_slim synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal cord dura mater" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal cord dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17806 xref: FMA:71237 xref: MA:0001132 xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Cord_Dura_Mater xref: SCTID:362302001 xref: UMLS:C0228124 xref: VHOG:0000411 is_a: UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater is_a: UBERON:0003292 {is_inferred="true"} ! meninx of spinal cord intersection_of: UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The outermost and densest membrane of the three mammalian meninges covering the brain and spinal cord. [Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier, adapted_from_Dorian_AF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000411", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000411", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002126 name: solitary tract nuclear complex namespace: uberon def: "The solitary tract and nucleus are structures in the brainstem that carry and receive visceral sensation and taste from the facial (VII), glossopharyngeal (IX) and vagus (X) cranial nerves. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Nucleus_of_tractus_solitarius] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nuclei of solitary tract" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus tractus solitarii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72242, FMA:TA] synonym: "solitary nuclei" EXACT [] xref: FMA:72242 xref: SCTID:369080003 is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007245 ! nuclear complex of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="MA-abduced"} ! medulla oblongata property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002162 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002591 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002610 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002864 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002866 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002873 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007633 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002127 name: inferior olivary complex namespace: uberon def: "largest nucleus situated in the olivary body, part of the medulla oblongata. It is closely associated with the cerebellum, but its specific function is voluntary body movements." [Wikipedia:Inferior_olivary_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "caudal olivary nuclei" RELATED [BTO:0002298] synonym: "complexus olivaris inferior" RELATED [BTO:0002298] synonym: "complexus olivaris inferior; nuclei olivares inferiores" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_olivary_nucleus] synonym: "inferior olivary nuclear complex" EXACT [FMA:72243] synonym: "inferior olivary nuclei" RELATED [BTO:0002298] synonym: "inferior olivary nucleus" RELATED [FMA:72243] synonym: "inferior olive" EXACT [FMA:72243] synonym: "nuclei olivares caudales" RELATED [BTO:0002298] synonym: "nuclei olivares inferiores" RELATED [BTO:0002298] synonym: "oliva" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72243, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:IO xref: BM:Me-IO xref: BTO:0002298 xref: EV:0100277 xref: FMA:72243 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/CerebCircuit.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/CerebCircuit.png/200px-CerebCircuit.png xref: MA:0001040 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1164 xref: TAO:0000215 xref: VHOG:0001627 xref: ZFA:0000215 is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007245 ! nuclear complex of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000128 ! olivary body property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002154 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002559 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877 {source="ABA"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The inferior olive appears to be present in all vertebrate classes and is particularly well developed in species with a well-developed cerebellum.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001627", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB and Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.256", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002128 name: superior olivary complex namespace: uberon def: "The superior olivary nucleus is a small cylindrical mass on the dorsal surface of the lateral part of the trapezoid body of the pons, and it is situated immediately above the inferior olivary nucleus. It receives projections from the cochlear nucleus and thus is involved in the perception of sound[GO]." [Wikipedia:Superior_olivary_complex] comment: GO -- In mice, the superior olivary nucleus is a small cylindrical mass on the dorsal surface of the lateral part of the trapezoid body of the pons, and it is situated immediately above the inferior olivary nucleus. It receives projections from the cochlear nucleus and thus is involved in the perception of sound. -- TODO fix GO def to be the same throughout subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus olivaris superior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72247, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus olivaris superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_olivary_complex] synonym: "superior olivary nuclei" EXACT [FMA:72247] synonym: "superior olivary nucleus" RELATED [FMA:72247] synonym: "superior olive" EXACT [FMA:72247] xref: ABA:SOC xref: EV:0100263 xref: FMA:72247 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/Gray713.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Gray713.png/200px-Gray713.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1307 is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007245 ! nuclear complex of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002597 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006840 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007634 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002129 name: cerebellar cortex namespace: uberon def: "The cerebellar cortex is a thin mantle of gray matter that covers the surface of each cerebral hemisphere. It has a characteristic morphology with convolutions (gyri) and crevices (sulci) that have specific functions. Six layers of nerve cells and the nerve pathways that connect them comprise the cerebellar cortex. Together, these regions are responsible for the processes of conscious thought, perception, emotion and memory as well as advanced motor function[GO]." [Wikipedia:Cerebellar_cortex] comment: The circuits in the cerebellar cortex look similar across all classes of vertebrates, including fish, reptiles, birds, and mammals (e.g., Fig. 2). This has been taken as evidence that the cerebellum performs functions important to all vertebrate species. (Wikipedia) subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cortex cerebellaris" RELATED [BTO:0000043] xref: ABA:CBX xref: BM:CB-Cbx xref: BTO:0000043 xref: EV:0100294 xref: FMA:72248 xref: GAID:596 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Cerebellum_NIH.png/200px-Cerebellum_NIH.png xref: MA:0000199 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.810.428.200.212 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebellar_Cortex xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1566 xref: SCTID:361593004 xref: UMLS:C0007759 xref: VHOG:0001597 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002130 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002130 name: cerebellar nuclear complex namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0004007 def: "the gray matter nuclei located in the center of the cerebellum, embedded in the white matter, which receive inhibitory (GABAergic) inputs from Purkinje cells in the cerebellar cortex and excitatory (glutamatergic) inputs from mossy fiber pathways; all output fibers of the cerebellum originate from the these nuclei[MP]" [MP:0009979, Wikipedia:Deep_cerebellar_nuclei] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "central nuclei" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebellar nuclei" EXACT [] synonym: "deep cerebellar nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1568] synonym: "deep cerebellar nuclei" EXACT [] synonym: "intracerebellar nuclei" EXACT [] synonym: "intrinsic nuclei of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "nuclei cerebelli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72249, FMA:TA] synonym: "nuclei cerebelli" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Deep_cerebellar_nuclei] synonym: "roof nuclei-2" EXACT [] xref: ABA:CBN xref: EV:0100299 xref: FMA:72249 xref: GAID:599 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Gray707.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Gray707.png/200px-Gray707.png xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.810.428.200.337 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1568 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002129 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002131 name: anterior lobe of cerebellum namespace: uberon def: "The anterior lobe of cerebellum is the portion of the cerebellum responsible for mediating unconscious proprioception. In alcoholics, it can deteriorate. It is sometimes equated to the 'paleocerebellum'. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anterior_lobe_of_cerebellum] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior cerebellar lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior lobe of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior lobe of the cerebellum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1118] synonym: "cerebellum anterior lobe" EXACT [] xref: EV:0100295 xref: FMA:72251 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/CerebellumRegions.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/CerebellumRegions.jpg/200px-CerebellumRegions.jpg xref: MA:0000991 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1118 xref: SCTID:279359004 xref: VHOG:0001598 is_a: UBERON:0005293 ! cerebellum lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002132 name: dentate nucleus namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0008996 def: "The Dentate nucleus is located within the deep white matter of each cerebellar hemisphere. It is the largest of the four deep cerebellar nuclei, the others being the fastigial nucleus and the interposed nucleus (globose and emboliform nuclei combined). It is responsible for the planning, initiation and control of volitional movements. It therefore receives its afferents from the premotor cortex and the supplementary motor cortex. Its efferents project via the superior cerebellar peduncle through the red nucleus to the ventrolateral thalamus (crossing over at the pontomesencephalic junction). It consists of an irregularly folded, of a grayish-yellow color, containing white fibers, and presenting on its antero-medial aspect an opening, the hilus, from which most of the fibers of the superior peduncle emerge. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dentate_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dentate cerebellar nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1171] synonym: "dentate nucleus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dentate_nucleus] synonym: "dentatothalamocortical fibers" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dentate_nucleus] synonym: "lateral cerebellar nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral nucleus of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus dentatus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dentate_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus dentatus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dentate_nucleus] xref: ABA:DN xref: BM:CB-CBL xref: BTO:0003836 xref: EV:0100300 xref: FMA:72260 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Gray707.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Gray707.png/200px-Gray707.png xref: MA:0001008 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1171 xref: SCTID:279221005 xref: VHOG:0001700 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0008995 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of cerebellar nuclear complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002130 ! cerebellar nuclear complex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002153 {source="ABA"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "One or more deep cerebellar nuclei appear in agnathans, sharks, ropefishes, lungfishes, Latimeria, and amphibians. Reptiles have two nuclei (a medial and a lateral), and birds and mammals have three nuclei (a medial, a lateral, and an interposed nucleus). The medial nucleus of mammals is known as the fastigial nucleus, and the lateral nucleus is known as the dentate nucleus.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001700", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB, Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.260-261", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002136 name: hilus of dentate gyrus namespace: uberon comment: Merge with CA4? synonym: "CA4" RELATED [] synonym: "dentate gyrus hilus" EXACT [] synonym: "field CA4 of hippocampal formation" EXACT [] xref: FMA:72358 xref: MA:0000947 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1482 is_a: UBERON:0002437 {is_inferred="true"} ! cerebral white matter is_a: UBERON:0002744 ! hilum of dentate nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001885 ! dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation [Term] id: UBERON:0002138 name: habenulo-interpeduncular tract namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "fasciculus retroflexus" EXACT [] synonym: "fasciculus retroflexus (meynert)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1504] synonym: "habenulointerpeduncular fasciculus" EXACT [] synonym: "habenulointerpeduncular tract" RELATED [] synonym: "habenulopeduncular tract" EXACT [] synonym: "Meynert's retroflex bundle" EXACT [] synonym: "tractus habenulo-interpeduncularis" EXACT [ZFA:0000353] xref: BM:HPT xref: FMA:72400 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1504 xref: SCTID:369194000 xref: TAO:0000353 xref: ZFA:0000353 is_a: UBERON:0002784 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0002139 name: subcommissural organ namespace: uberon def: "The subcommissural organ is a circumventricular organ consisting of ependymal cells which secrete SCO-spondin[WP,partially vetted]." [PMID:9579598, Wikipedia:Subcommissural_organ] comment: Occurs throughout the vertebartes [PMID:9579598, doi:10.1002/ar.1091260210]. First appears in hagfish(Olsson). In many species, including the human, it reaches its full development during embryonic life[PMID:9579598]. During the course of phyletic evolution, one notes various changes. Indeed, in lower vertebrates, the SCO presents a greater degree of enzyme activity than the ependyma while in birds the ependyma demonstrates a more intense activity than the SCO[PMID:479574] Sometimes preceded by flexural organ[doi:10.1007/BF00303086] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dorsal subcommissural organ" RELATED [] synonym: "organum subcommissurale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Subcommissural_organ] synonym: "SCO" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0001820 xref: FMA:72414 xref: GAID:794 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Gray715.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gray715.png/200px-Gray715.png xref: MA:0002941 xref: MESH:A08.713.810 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1028 xref: SCTID:369193006 xref: TAO:0000683 xref: ZFA:0000683 is_a: UBERON:0002966 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of midbrain tectum is_a: UBERON:0010134 {source="MA"} ! secretory circumventricular organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002314 {source="MA"} ! midbrain tectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0011357 ! Reissner's fiber property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7742 {source="multiple"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002140 name: parabigeminal nucleus namespace: uberon def: "." [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Nucleus_Isthmii.2FParabigeminalis] comment: AO notes: in MA this is part of the tegmentum/brainstem synonym: "nucleus isthmi" RELATED [VHOG:0001701] synonym: "nucleus parabigeminalis" EXACT [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=482] xref: ABA:PBG xref: BM:PBG xref: FMA:72415 xref: MA:0001074 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1007 xref: VHOG:0001701 is_a: UBERON:0011214 {source="FMA", source="NIF"} ! nucleus of midbrain tectum property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "Nucleus isthmi is present in the isthmus in most vertebrates. It is called the parabigeminal nucleus in mammals (reference 1); In sum, our results show that the origin of neurons of some tegmental hindbrain nuclei, namely, nucleus isthmi/superior reticular nucleus and secondary gustatory/viscerosensory nucleus is in the URL (upper rhombic lip), and that the temporal order of cell types produced by the URL and their developmental program are conserved among vertebrate species (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001701", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB, Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.272, DOI:10.1002/cne.22364 Volkmann K, Chen YY, Harris MP, Wullimann MF, Kster RW, The zebrafish cerebellar upper rhombic lip generates tegmental hindbrain nuclei by long-distance migration in an evolutionary conserved manner. The Journal of Comparative Neurology (2010)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002141 name: parvocellular oculomotor nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The Edinger-Westphal nucleus (also known as the accessory oculomotor nucleus) is the accessory parasympathetic cranial nerve nucleus of the oculomotor nerve, supplying the constricting muscles of the iris. Alternatively, the Edinger-Westphal nucleus is a term often used to refer to the adjacent population of non-preganglionic neurons that do not project to the ciliary ganglion, but rather project to the spinal cord, dorsal raphe nucleus, and septal nuclei. Unlike the classical, preganglionic Edinger-Westphal neurons that contain choline acetyltransferase, neurons of the non-preganglionic Edinger-Westphal nucleus have been shown to contain various stress- and feeding-related neuropeptides, such as Urocortin and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript. Proper nomenclature for this distinct brain region has not yet been established. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Edinger-westphal_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "accessory oculomotor nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "edinger-westphal nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus Edinger-Westphal" EXACT [ZFA:0000244] synonym: "oculomotor nucleus, parvocellular part" EXACT [] xref: ABA:EW xref: BM:EW xref: FMA:72424 xref: MA:0001071 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_822 xref: SCTID:62088007 xref: TAO:0000244 xref: ZFA:0000244 is_a: UBERON:0000126 ! cranial nerve nucleus is_a: UBERON:0007414 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002142 name: pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) (or pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus, PPTN) is located in the brainstem, caudal to the substantia nigra and adjacent to the superior cerebellar peduncle. It is composed by a wide variety of neurochemical cell types, including cholinergic, glutamatergic and GABAergic cells. In the classical sense, the PPN is considered to be one of the main components of the reticular activating system. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pedunculopontine_tegmental_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "peduncular pontine nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "pedunculopontine nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:PPN xref: BM:Pons-PPT xref: FMA:72429 xref: MA:0001020 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1437 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002680 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 {is_inferred="true"} ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons relationship: part_of UBERON:0002275 ! reticular formation property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001965 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007412 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002143 name: dorsal tegmental nucleus namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dorsal tegmental nucleus (gudden)" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal tegmental nucleus of gudden" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_992] synonym: "gudden nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus tegmentalis dorsalis" EXACT [ZFA:0000346] synonym: "nucleus tegmentalis posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72434, FMA:TA] synonym: "posterior tegmental nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "von Gudden's nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:DTN xref: BM:TD xref: FMA:72434 xref: MA:0001013 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_992 xref: TAO:0000346 xref: VHOG:0001368 xref: ZFA:0000346 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0007414 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002151 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002968 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002144 name: peripeduncular nucleus namespace: uberon def: "a group of neuron cell bodies that form a thin, caplike configuration over the dorsolateral aspect of the crus cerebri; many of its cells are acetylcholinesterase positive." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=61630] comment: Note that FMA and NIF support this being part of midbrain tegmentum; MA places this in the thalamus and ABA supports thalamus. todo - check. for now we take a conservative position and assert overlaps for both rather than part of synonym: "peripeduncular nucleus of pons" EXACT [FMA:72437] xref: ABA:PP xref: BM:MB-PPN xref: FMA:72437 xref: MA:0000875 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1474 xref: SCTID:25949000 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001900 {source="MA"} ! subthalamus relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001943 {source="NIF"} ! midbrain tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002704 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002776 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002145 name: interpeduncular nucleus namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "interpedunclear nucleus" RELATED [MTB:379] synonym: "interpeduncular ganglion" EXACT [] synonym: "interpeduncular nucleus tegmentum" RELATED [TAO:0000903] xref: ABA:IPN xref: BM:MB-IP xref: FMA:72439 xref: MA:0001069 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1000 xref: TAO:0000903 xref: ZFA:0000903 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0007414 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 {source="NIF"} ! midbrain tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002043 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002147 name: reticulotegmental nucleus namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72471, FMA:TA] synonym: "reticular tegmental nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "reticulotegmental nucleus of pons" EXACT [] synonym: "tegmental reticular nucleus, pontine gray" EXACT [] xref: ABA:TRN xref: FMA:72471 xref: MA:0001025 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_882 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002680 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 {is_inferred="true"} ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons relationship: part_of UBERON:0002275 ! reticular formation property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002151 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002968 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002148 name: locus ceruleus namespace: uberon def: "The locus ceruleus is a dense cluster of neurons within the dorsorostral pons. This nucleus is the major location of neurons that release norepinephrine throughout the brain, and is responsible for physiological responses to stress and panic[GO]. Bluish region in the superior angle of the fourth ventricle floor, corresponding to melanin-like pigmented nerve cells which lie lateral to the ponto-mesencephalic central gray (griseum centrale). It is also known as nucleus pigmentosus pontis[GAID]." [GAID:577, GO:0021703, Wikipedia:Locus_ceruleus] comment: TODO - check ZFA/pons. also GO says part of dorsorostral pons subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "blue nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_905] synonym: "caerulean nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "locus caeruleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_905] synonym: "locus cinereus" RELATED [BTO:0001408] synonym: "locus coeruleu" EXACT [] synonym: "locus coeruleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus caeruleus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72478, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus of locus caeruleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus pigmentosus pontis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_905] synonym: "substantia ferruginea" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_905] xref: ABA:LC xref: BM:Pons-LC xref: BTO:0001408 xref: EFO:0001963 xref: FMA:72478 xref: GAID:577 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray709.png/200px-Gray709.png xref: MA:0001017 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.659.473 xref: ncithesaurus:Locus_Coeruleus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_905 xref: SCTID:369016004 xref: TAO:0000539 xref: UMLS:C0023951 xref: ZFA:0000539 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002680 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 {is_inferred="true"} ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002047 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002267 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002587 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003004 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002149 name: superior salivatory nucleus namespace: uberon def: "visceromotor cranial nerve nucleus located in the pontine tegmentum." [Wikipedia:Superior_salivatory_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "superior salivary nucleus" EXACT [GO:0021753] xref: ABA:SSN xref: EHDAA2:0004646 xref: FMA:72482 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Gray788.png/200px-Gray788.png xref: MA:0001027 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1131 xref: SCTID:369028007 is_a: UBERON:0000126 ! cranial nerve nucleus is_a: UBERON:0004133 ! salivatory nucleus relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010125 {evidence="definitional"} ! future superior salivatory nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 ! pontine tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002151 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002968 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002150 name: superior cerebellar peduncle namespace: uberon def: "The superior cerebellar peduncles (brachium conjunctivum), two in number, emerge from the upper and medial part of the white substance of the hemispheres and are placed under cover of the upper part of the cerebellum. They are joined to each other across the middle line by the anterior medullary velum, and can be followed upward as far as the inferior colliculi, under which they disappear. Below, they form the upper lateral boundaries of the fourth ventricle, but as they ascend they converge on the dorsal aspect of the ventricle and thus assist in roofing it in. All fibers (except vestibular fibers to the vestibular nuclei through the inferior cerebellar peduncle) carrying information from the cerebellum to the midbrain and pons pass through the superior cerebellar peduncle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_cerebellar_peduncle] comment: Editor notes: we follow NIF in dividing this into 3 parts. This allows for consistency with ABA. AO notes: we make the TAO class disjoint for now as it's not clear if this is the analagous structure subset: uberon_slim synonym: "brachium conjunctivum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1711] synonym: "pedunculus cerebellaris superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_cerebellar_peduncle] synonym: "superior peduncle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_cerebellar_peduncle] xref: BM:BC xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Gray704.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Gray704.png/200px-Gray704.png xref: MA:0002746 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1711 xref: SCTID:279218008 is_a: UBERON:0007416 ! cerebellar peduncle [Term] id: UBERON:0002151 name: pontine nuclear group namespace: uberon def: "The pontine nuclei are a part of the pons which store the memory of intention during motor activity. Corticopontine fibres carry information from the primary motor cortex to the ipsilateral pontine nucleus in the ventral pons, and the pontocerebellar projection then carries that information to the contralateral cerebellum via the middle cerebellar peduncle. They therefore allow modification of actions in the light of their outcome, or error correction, and are hence important in learning motor skills. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pontine_nuclei] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nuclei pontis" RELATED [BTO:0003396] synonym: "nuclei pontis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pontine_nuclei] synonym: "pontine gray" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1516] synonym: "pontine gray matter" RELATED [BTO:0003396] synonym: "pontine nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1516] synonym: "pontine nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:72512] synonym: "pontine nuclei" EXACT [] synonym: "pontine nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:PG xref: BM:Pons-PGr xref: BTO:0003396 xref: FMA:72512 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Lower_pons_horizontal_KB.svg xref: MA:0001021 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1516 xref: SCTID:304942009 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002680 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 {is_inferred="true"} ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002567 ! basal part of pons property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002968 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002152 name: middle cerebellar peduncle namespace: uberon def: "The middle cerebellar peduncles (brachia pontis) are composed entirely of centripetal fibers, which arise from the cells of the nuclei pontis of the opposite side and end in the cerebellar cortex; the fibers are arranged in three fasciculi, superior, inferior, and deep. The superior fasciculus, the most superficial, is derived from the upper transverse fibers of the pons; it is directed backward and lateralward superficial to the other two fasciculi, and is distributed mainly to the lobules on the inferior surface of the cerebellar hemisphere and to the parts of the superior surface adjoining the posterior and lateral margins. The inferior fasciculus is formed by the lowest transverse fibers of the pons; it passes under cover of the superior fasciculus and is continued downward and backward more or less parallel with it, to be distributed to the folia on the under surface close to the vermis. The deep fasciculus comprises most of the deep transverse fibers of the pons. It is at first covered by the superior and inferior fasciculi, but crosses obliquely and appears on the medial side of the superior, from which it receives a bundle; its fibers spread out and pass to the upper anterior cerebellar folia. The fibers of this fasciculus cover those of the restiform body. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Middle_cerebellar_peduncle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "brachium pontis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1529] synonym: "pedunculus cerebellaris medius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_cerebellar_peduncle] xref: BM:Pons-BP xref: FMA:72515 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/Gray705.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Gray705.png/200px-Gray705.png xref: MA:0002745 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1529 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1699 xref: SCTID:279219000 is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0007416 ! cerebellar peduncle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002298 ! brainstem relationship: part_of UBERON:0002567 {source="FMA"} ! basal part of pons [Term] id: UBERON:0002153 name: fastigial nucleus namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0008997 def: "The fastigial nucleus or nucleus fastigii refers specifically to the concentration of gray matter nearest to the middle line at the anterior end of the superior vermis, and immediately over the roof of the fourth ventricle, from which it is separated by a thin layer of white matter. It is smaller than the nucleus dentatus, but somewhat larger than the nucleus emboliformis and nucleus globosus, the other two independent centers of gray matter in the cerebellum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Fastigial_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "medial (fastigial) nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "medial cerebellar nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus fastigii" EXACT [BTO:0003839] synonym: "nucleus fastigii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fastigial_nucleus] synonym: "roof nucleus-1" EXACT [] xref: ABA:FN xref: BM:CB-CBM xref: BTO:0003839 xref: FMA:72537 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Gray707.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Gray707.png/200px-Gray707.png xref: MA:0001009 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1146 xref: SCTID:279224002 xref: VHOG:0001699 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0008995 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of cerebellar nuclear complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002130 ! cerebellar nuclear complex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002132 {source="ABA"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "One or more deep cerebellar nuclei appear in agnathans, sharks, ropefishes, lungfishes, Latimeria, and amphibians. Reptiles have two nuclei (a medial and a lateral), and birds and mammals have three nuclei (a medial, a lateral, and an interposed nucleus). The medial nucleus of mammals is known as the fastigial nucleus, and the lateral nucleus is known as the dentate nucleus.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001699", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB, Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.260-261", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002154 name: lateral reticular nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The lateral reticular nucleus, of the funiculus, can be divided into three subnuclei, the parvocellular, magnocellular and the subtrigeminal. As is typical of the reticular formation, none of these are very distinct subnuclei, but rather blurred distinctions between cell types and location. The lateral reticular nucleus sends all of its projections to the cerebellum. The parvocellular portion of the LRN and the immediately adjacent magnocellular portion send most their projections to the vermis of the cerebellum. The rest of the magnocellular subnucleus sends its projections to the hemisphere regions of the cerebellum. The subtrigeminal nucleus sends its projections to the flocculonodular lobe. All of these efferent pathways are projected in an ipsilateral manner to the cerebellum, the most abundant of which are those to the vermis. This nucleus is also involved in the mediation of inspiration (in-breathing) with a part of the ventral r. nucleus. The afferent pathways to the LRN come from the spinal cord and higher brain structures. Most of the afferents come from the ipsilateral dorsal horn of the spinal cord and project exclusively to the parts of the LRN that do not receive input from the cortex. The spinal cord projections terminate mostly in the parvocellular region along with the adjacent magnocellular cells. This implies that most input from the spinal cord is relayed into the vermis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_reticular_nucleus] comment: Comment: note in ABA this is disjoint from MDR, but we relax this here to accomodate FMA subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lateral reticular nucleus (medulla)" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus reticularis lateralis medullae oblongatae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_reticular_nucleus] xref: ABA:LRN xref: BM:LR xref: FMA:72574 xref: MA:0001047 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081246 xref: TAO:0000535 xref: ZFA:0000535 is_a: UBERON:0002579 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of medullary reticular formation is_a: UBERON:0007635 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of medulla oblongata intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009775 ! lateral medullary reticular complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0009775 {source="FMA"} ! lateral medullary reticular complex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002155 name: gigantocellular nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The gigantocellular nucleus, as the name indicates, is mainly composed of the so called giant neuronal cells. This nucleus has been known to innervate the caudal hypoglossal nucleus, and responds to glutamateric stimuli. The gigantocellular nucleus excites the hypoglossal nucleus, and can play a role in the actions of the said nerve . This nucleus receives connections from the periaqueductal gray, the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, central nucleus of the amygdala, lateral hypothalamic area, and parvocellular reticular nucleus. Retrograde studies have shown that the deep mesencephalic reticular formation and oral pontine reticular nucleus project to the nucleus gigantocellularis. The dorsal rostral section of the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis is also involved mediating in expiration (or out-breathing) along with the parvocellular nucleus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Gigantocellular_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gigantocellular reticular nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus gigantocellularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72576, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:GRN xref: FMA:72576 xref: MA:0001037 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005001 is_a: UBERON:0006331 ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0007635 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002154 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002559 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002156 name: nucleus raphe magnus namespace: uberon def: "The nucleus raphe magnus, located directly rostral to the raphe obscurus, is afferently stimulated from axons in the spinal cord and cerebellum. This makes the magnus a likely candidate for part of the motor system; however, it seems to participate in the endogenous analgesia system. The magnus receives descending afferents from the periaqueductal gray, the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, central nucleus of the amygdala, lateral hypothalamic area, parvocellular reticular nucleus and the prelimbic, infralimbic, medial and lateral precentral cortices . All of these brain areas influence the main function of the raphe magnus. The main function of the magnus is mostly pain mediation; in fact it sends projections to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord to directly inhibit pain. The periaquiductal gray, the epicenter of analgesia, sends efferent connections to the nucleus raphe magnus in when it is stimulated by opiates (endogenous or otherwise). Electrical stimulation of the PAG produces analgesia, as well as administration of morphine to the PAG or n.r. magnus. The antinociceptic effects of electrical stimulation of the PAG can be blocked by administering naloxone, an opiate antagonist, to the n.r. magnus. All of this seems to indicate that the magnus is part of the endogenous opiate system, and acts to inhibit pain in the spinal cord. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Nucleus_raphe_magnus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "magnus raphe nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus raphes magnus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72584, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus raphes magnus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nucleus_raphe_magnus] synonym: "raphe magnus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nucleus_raphe_magnus] synonym: "raphe magnus nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1363] xref: ABA:RM xref: EFO:0002518 xref: FMA:72584 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Gray694.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Gray694.png/200px-Gray694.png xref: MA:0001024 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1363 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002677 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of medullary raphe nuclear complex is_a: UBERON:0007635 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0002692 {source="FMA", source="NIF", source="Wikipedia"} ! medullary raphe nuclear complex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002157 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002684 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002157 name: nucleus raphe pallidus namespace: uberon def: "The nucleus raphe pallidus receives afferent connections from the periaqueductal gray, the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, central nucleus of the amygdala, lateral hypothalamic area, and parvocellular reticular nucleus. Also, the pallidus receives afferents from the medial preoptic area, median preoptic nucleus and lateral paragigantocellular reticular nuclei . The pallidus has recently been shown to be involved in the activation of a fever as an immunoreaction. It has been implied that the preoptic area is constantly inhibiting the raphe pallidus, especially the rostral portion, with GABA. When the preoptic area receives immune signals from the body, the inhibition stops and the rostral portion of the raphe pallidus excites the intermediolateral cell column, which induces a fever . The raphe pallidus has also been known to mediate the tachycardia response, an extremely high heart rate known to be incited by emotional or psychological stress. Microinjections of a GABA-a antagonist into the raphe pallidus, induces an increased heart rate. Conversely, microinjections of muscimol, a GABA-a agonist, inhibit tachycardia in rats under air-stress stimuli. In both of these cases, GABA is mediating two different sympathetic responses, so clearly the nucleus raphe pallidus is a far more a complex nucleus than previously thought. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Nucleus_raphe_pallidus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus raphes pallidus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72586, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus raphes pallidus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nucleus_raphe_pallidus] synonym: "pallidal raphe nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "raphe pallidus nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:RPA xref: FMA:72586 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Gray694.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Gray694.png/200px-Gray694.png xref: MA:0001051 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1375 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002677 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of medullary raphe nuclear complex is_a: UBERON:0007635 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0002692 {source="FMA"} ! medullary raphe nuclear complex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002156 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002684 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002158 name: principal inferior olivary nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The inferior olivary nucleus that consists of the major laminar structure." [Wikipedia:Olivary_body#Olivary_nuclei] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "chief inferior olivary nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "convoluted olive" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081248] synonym: "inferior olivary complex, principal olive" EXACT [] synonym: "inferior olive principal nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "inferior olive, principal nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "main olivary nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus olivaris principalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72592, FMA:TA] synonym: "principal nucleus of inferior olive" EXACT [] synonym: "principal olivary nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "principal olive" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081248] xref: FMA:72592 xref: MA:0001046 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081248 is_a: UBERON:0007244 ! inferior olivary nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002159 name: medial accessory inferior olivary nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The inferior olivary nucleus that lies between the primary olivary nucleus and the pyramid, and forms a curved lamina, the concavity of which is directed laterally" [Wikipedia:Olivary_body#Olivary_nuclei] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "inferior olivary complex, medial accessory olive" EXACT [] synonym: "inferior olive medial nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "inferior olive, medial nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "medial accessory olivary nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus olivaris accessorius medialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72594, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:72594 xref: MA:0001045 xref: SCTID:369069003 is_a: UBERON:0007244 ! inferior olivary nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002160 name: nucleus prepositus namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "nucleus praepositus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2652] synonym: "nucleus prepositus hypoglossus" RELATED [] synonym: "prepositus hypoglossal nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "prepositus nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:PRP xref: FMA:72596 xref: MA:0001023 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2652 xref: SCTID:369078009 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002680 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 {is_inferred="true"} ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002881 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002161 name: gracile nucleus namespace: uberon def: "Located in the medulla oblongata, the gracile nucleus is one of the dorsal column nuclei that participate in the sensation of fine touch and proprioception of the lower body (legs and trunk). It contains second-order neurons of the dorsal column-medial lemniscus system, which receive inputs from sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia and send axons that synapse in the thalamus. The neurons contained within the nucleus form a visible bump called the gracile tubercle on the posterior side of the closed medulla at the floor of the fourth ventricle. The gracile nucleus and fasciculus carry epicritic, kinesthetic, and conscious proprioceptive information from the lower part of the body (below the level of T6 in the spinal cord). The counterpart to the gracile nucleus and fasciculus is the cuneate nucleus and fasciculus, which carries the same type of information, but from the upper body (above T6, excepting the face and ear - the information from the face and ear is carried by the primary sensory trigeminal nucleus). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Gracile_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Goll's nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "golls nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2643] synonym: "nucleus gracilis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2643] synonym: "nucleus gracilis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gracile_nucleus] xref: ABA:GR xref: BM:Me-Gr xref: EV:0100280 xref: FMA:72602 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Gray688.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Gray688.png/200px-Gray688.png xref: MA:0001038 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2643 xref: SCTID:369071003 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0007635 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002045 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002162 name: area postrema namespace: uberon def: "A small, rounded eminence on each side of the FOURTH VENTRICLE, which receives nerve fibers from the SOLITARY NUCLEUS , SPINAL CORD, and adjacent areas of the MEDULLA. The area postrema lies outside the BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER and its functions include acting as an emetic chemoreceptor." [MESH:A08.186.211.132.810.406.286, Wikipedia:Area_postrema] comment: Function notes: vomiting center in humans[WP] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core xref: ABA:AP xref: BTO:0003425 xref: FMA:72607 xref: GAID:591 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray709.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray709.png/200px-Gray709.png xref: MA:0001034 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.810.406.286 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2636 xref: SCTID:369039005 xref: TAO:0005146 xref: ZFA:0005146 is_a: UBERON:0002678 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of medulla oblongata is_a: UBERON:0010135 {source="MA"} ! sensory circumventricular organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="MA", source="ZFA"} ! medulla oblongata property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002126 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002591 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002610 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002864 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002866 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002873 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007633 {source="ABA"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "An area of medulla oblongata, outside the blood-brain barrier. The apical terminals of the neurons are, in a strategic location either to monitor the chemical constitution of the plasma or to release neurogenic substances into the general circulation. Ma 1997.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005146", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002163 name: inferior cerebellar peduncle namespace: uberon def: "The upper part of the posterior district of the medulla oblongata is occupied by the inferior peduncle, a thick rope-like strand situated between the lower part of the fourth ventricle and the roots of the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves. Each cerebellar inferior peduncle connects the medulla spinalis and medulla oblongata with the cerebellum, and comprises the juxtarestiform body and restiform body. Important fibers running through the inferior cerebellar peduncle include the spinocerebellar tract and axons from the inferior olivary nucleus, among others. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_cerebellar_peduncle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "corpus restiforme" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72615, FMA:TA] synonym: "inferior peduncle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inferior_cerebellar_peduncle] synonym: "pedunculus cerebellaris inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_cerebellar_peduncle] synonym: "restiform body" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1691] xref: BM:RB xref: FMA:72615 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Gray677.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Gray677.png/200px-Gray677.png xref: MA:0002744 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1645 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1691 xref: SCTID:362418008 is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0007416 ! cerebellar peduncle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="FMA"} ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002164 name: tectobulbar tract namespace: uberon def: "a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in the optic tectum towards target cells in the premotor reticulospinal system in the hindbrain." [GO:0034429] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "tecto-bulbar tract" EXACT [] xref: FMA:72645 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_750 xref: SCTID:369265000 xref: TAO:0000446 xref: ZFA:0000446 is_a: UBERON:0002678 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002175 name: intermediolateral nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The intermediolateral nucleus is a region of gray matter found in Rexed lamina VII of the spinal column. Rexed Lamina VII contains several well defined nuclei including the nucleus dorsalis, the intermediolateral cell column (lateral gray horn), and the sacral autonomic nucleus. It extends from the first thoracic through the third lumbar segment, and contains the autonomic motor neurons that give rise to the preganglionic fibers of the sympathetic system. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Intermediolateral_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "intermediolateral nucleus of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus intermediolateralis medullae spinalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:73915, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus intermediolateralis medullae spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Intermediolateral_nucleus] synonym: "spinal cord intermediolateral nucleus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:73915 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Medulla_spinalis_-_Substantia_grisea_-_English.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Medulla_spinalis_-_Substantia_grisea_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_Substantia_grisea_-_English.svg.png xref: MA:0002753 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0002176 name: lateral cervical nucleus namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: FMA:73921 xref: MA:0002755 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002256 ! dorsal horn of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0002179 name: lateral funiculus namespace: uberon def: "The most lateral of the bundles of the anterior nerve roots is generally taken as a dividing line that separates the antero-lateral region into two parts, viz. , an anterior funiculus, between the anterior median fissure and the most lateral of the anterior nerve roots; and a lateral funiculus, between the exit of these roots and the postero-lateral sulcus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_funiculus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "funiculus lateralis medullae spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_funiculus] synonym: "lateral funiculus of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral white column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:74000] xref: FMA:74000 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg.png xref: SCTID:362434006 xref: TAO:0000533 xref: ZFA:0000533 is_a: UBERON:0006127 ! funiculus of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0002180 name: ventral funiculus namespace: uberon def: "The most lateral of the bundles of the anterior nerve roots is generally taken as a dividing line that separates the antero-lateral region into two parts, viz. , an anterior funiculus, between the anterior median fissure and the most lateral of the anterior nerve roots; and a lateral funiculus, between the exit of these roots and the postero-lateral sulcus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_funiculus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior funiculus" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior funiculus of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior white column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:74003] synonym: "funiculus anterior medullae spinalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74003, FMA:TA] synonym: "ventral funiculus of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral white column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:74003] xref: FMA:74003 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg.png xref: SCTID:362429007 xref: TAO:0000605 xref: ZFA:0000605 is_a: UBERON:0006127 ! funiculus of spinal cord relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0002318 {source="FMA-abduced-lr"} ! white matter of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0002181 name: substantia gelatinosa namespace: uberon def: "Gelatinous-appearing material in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, consisting chiefly of Golgi type II neurons and some larger nerve cells." [MESH:A08.186.854.610.800, Wikipedia:Central_gelatinous_substance_of_spinal_cord_of_Rolando] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "central gelatinous substance of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "gelatinous substance of dorsal horn of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "gelatinous substance of posterior horn of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "gelatinous substance of Rolando" EXACT [FMA:74019] synonym: "substantia gelatinosa cornu posterioris medullae spinalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74019, FMA:TA] xref: EV:0100318 xref: FMA:74019 xref: GAID:701 xref: MA:0001124 xref: MESH:A08.186.854.610.800 xref: ncithesaurus:Substantia_Gelatinosa xref: UMLS:C0038588 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002256 ! dorsal horn of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0002191 name: subiculum namespace: uberon def: "The subiculum is the most inferior component of the hippocampal formation. It lies between the entorhinal cortex and the CA1 subfield of the hippocampus proper. It receives input from CA1 and entorhinal cortical layer III pyramidal neurons and is the main output of the hippocampus. The pyramidal neurons send projections to the nucleus accumbens, septal nuclei, prefrontal cortex, lateral hypothalamus, nucleus reuniens, mammillary nuclei, entorhinal cortex and amygdala. The pyramidal neurons in the subiculum exhibit transitions between two modes of action potential output: bursting and single spiking. The transitions between these two modes is thought to be important for routing information out of the hippocampus. It is the site responsible for ictal activity in some cases of human epilepsy. It has also been implicated in working memory and drug addiction. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Subiculum] comment: ABA:SUB is part of the retrohippocampal region, along with the entorhinal area. this is in the hippocampal formation but not the hippocampal region subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus parahippocampalis" RELATED [BTO:0003087] synonym: "subicular cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1305] synonym: "subiculum cornu ammonis" RELATED [BTO:0003087] synonym: "subiculum hippocampi" EXACT [FMA:74414] xref: ABA:SUB xref: BM:Tel-Cx-SB xref: BTO:0003087 xref: FMA:74414 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Hippocampus_%28brain%29.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Hippocampus_%28brain%29.jpg/200px-Hippocampus_%28brain%29.jpg xref: MA:0000960 xref: ncithesaurus:Subiculum xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1305 xref: SCTID:369097009 xref: UMLS:C0152316 is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002421 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! hippocampal formation property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001953 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002728 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0004683 {source="ABA"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "subicular" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0002192 name: ventricular system choroidal fissure namespace: uberon def: "The narrow cleft along the medial wall of the lateral ventricle along the margins of which the choroid plexus is attached; it lies between the upper surface of the thalamus and lateral edge of the fornix in the central part of the ventricle and between the terminal stria and fimbria hippocampi in the inferior horn[ZFA]." [ISBN:0815318960, ZFA:0001075] comment: Usage notes: not to be confused with optic fissure. the choroidal fissure is a subarachnoid space (via subarachnoid fissure in FMA). AO notes: Most ontologies appear to have switched to using less confusing primary terms for optic and choroidal fissues. Still need to check FMA - two possible terms? CARO notes: is this a groove or a space or a line? Structure notes: relate to lateral ventricle? subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "chorioid fissure" RELATED [FMA:74512] synonym: "chorioidal fissure" RELATED [FMA:74512] synonym: "choroid fissure" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:74512, TAO:0001075] synonym: "choroid invagination" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000250] synonym: "choroidal fissure" RELATED [FMA:74512] synonym: "choroidal fissure of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:83715] synonym: "lateral ventricle choroid fissure" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000250] synonym: "ventricular system choroid fissure" EXACT [VHOG:0001756] xref: EHDAA2:0000250 xref: EHDAA:7567 xref: EMAPA:17548 xref: EMAPA:17768 xref: FMA:74512 xref: FMA:83715 xref: ncithesaurus:Choroidal_Fissure xref: TAO:0001075 xref: UMLS:C0262212 xref: VHOG:0001756 xref: ZFA:0001075 relationship: part_of UBERON:0005358 ! ventricle of nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0002196 name: adenohypophysis namespace: uberon def: "The glandular, anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. The anterior pituitary regulates several physiological processes including stress, growth, and reproduction[WP]. The anterior lobe of the hypophysis (pituitary gland). This lobe contains cells that produce prolactin, growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and proopiomelanocortin. In contrast to mammalian vertebrates, the adenohypophysis remains in a subepithelial position and there exists no equivalent of Rathke's pouch in zebrafish[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Adenohypophysis, ZFIN:curator] comment: note that BTO may contain an error here. Also note we may need to introduce taxon-specific developmental relationships: "While in most basal fish and tetrapods the adenohypophyseal anlagen invaginates to form Rathkes pouch, in teleost fish the adenohypophyseal placode does not invaginate but rather maintains its initial organization forming a solid structure in the head"[NBK53175] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior hypophysis" EXACT [ZFA:0001282] synonym: "anterior lobe (hypophysis)" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior lobe of hypophysis" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior lobe of pituitary" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior pituitary" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior pituitary gland" RELATED [BTO:0000040] synonym: "lobus anterior (glandula pituitaria)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74627, FMA:TA] synonym: "lobus anterior hypophysis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74627, FMA:TA] synonym: "pituitary gland, anterior lobe" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010540 xref: BM:AHy xref: BTO:0000040 xref: BTO:0000496 xref: EFO:0000230 xref: EHDAA2:0000109 xref: EMAPA:17514 xref: FMA:74627 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Gray1181.png/200px-Gray1181.png xref: MA:0000177 xref: MESH:A06.407.747.608 xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Lobe_of_the_Pituitary_Gland xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1581 xref: SCTID:245532007 xref: TAO:0001282 xref: UMLS:C0032008 xref: VHOG:0000141 xref: ZFA:0001282 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: has_part CL:0002312 ! somatotroph relationship: part_of UBERON:0000007 ! pituitary gland property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Region of the pituitary gland derived from the buccal protrusion consisting of three regions.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010540", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The anterior lobe of the hypophysis (pituitary gland). This lobe contains cells that produce prolactin, growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and proopiomelanocortin. In contrast to mamalian vertebrates, the adenohypophysis remains in a subepithelial position and there exists no equivalent of Rathke's pouch in zebrafish. Herzog et al, 2004.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001282", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. An infundibulum grows ventrally from the diencephalon of the brain, and Rathke's pouch extends dorsally from the roof of the developing mouth, or stomodaeum. The infundibulum remains connected to the floor of the diencephalon, which becomes the hypothalamus, and gives rise to the part of the gland known as the neurohypophysis. (...) Rathke's pouch loses its connection with the stomodaeum in most adult vertebrates and gives rise to the rest of the gland, the adenohypophysis. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000141", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.510 and Figure 15-5", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002197 name: median eminence of neurohypophysis namespace: uberon def: "The median eminence is part of the inferior boundary for the hypothalamus part of the human brain. A small swelling on the tuber cinereum posterior to the infundibulum - atop the pituitary stalk - the median eminence lies in the area roughly bounded on its posterolateral region by the cerebral peduncles, and on its anterolateral region by the optic chiasm. The median eminence is one of the seven areas of the brain devoid of a blood-brain barrier. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Median_eminence] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "eminentia mediana hypothalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74634, FMA:TA] synonym: "eminentia mediana hypothalami" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Median_eminence] synonym: "median eminence" EXACT [] synonym: "median eminence of hypothalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "median eminence of posterior lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT [] synonym: "median eminence of tuber cinereum" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010539 xref: BM:ME xref: BTO:0001954 xref: EHDAA2:0001080 xref: EHDAA:7540 xref: EMAPA:17521 xref: FMA:74634 xref: GAID:463 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: MA:0000859 xref: MESH:A06.407.747.734.500 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_925 xref: SCTID:369121004 xref: VHOG:0001179 is_a: UBERON:0002784 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of diencephalon is_a: UBERON:0005408 ! circumventricular organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002198 ! neurohypophysis property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Region of the neurohypophysis.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010539", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. An infundibulum grows ventrally from the diencephalon of the brain, and Rathke's pouch extends dorsally from the roof of the developing mouth, or stomodaeum. The infundibulum remains connected to the floor of the diencephalon, which becomes the hypothalamus, and gives rise to the part of the gland known as the neurohypophysis. (...) Rathke's pouch loses its connection with the stomodaeum in most adult vertebrates and gives rise to the rest of the gland, the adenohypophysis. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001179", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.510 and Figure 15-5", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002198 name: neurohypophysis namespace: uberon def: "comprises the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland and is part of the endocrine system[WP]." [Wikipedia:Neurohypophysis] comment: Editor note - request magnocellular cell from CL. Request oxytocin secretion from GO. Notes: "The hypophysis or pituitary gland is derived, in part from an ectodermal outpocketing of the stomodeum (Rathke's Pouch) and in part from the floor of the diencephalon" [http://syllabus.med.unc.edu/courseware/embryo_images/] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "infundibular process" EXACT [FMA:74628] synonym: "lobus nervosus neurohypophysis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74628, FMA:TA] synonym: "lobus posterior (glandula pituitaria)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74628, FMA:TA] synonym: "lobus posterior hypophysis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74628, FMA:TA] synonym: "neural lobe" EXACT [FMA:74628] synonym: "neural lobe of pituitary" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1586] synonym: "neural lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT [FMA:74628] synonym: "neurohypophysis" EXACT [] synonym: "pituitary gland, posterior lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior lobe of pituitary" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT [FMA:74628] synonym: "posterior pituitary" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior pituitary gland" RELATED [BTO:0000937] xref: AAO:0010537 xref: BM:NY xref: BTO:0000937 xref: EHDAA2:0001271 xref: EHDAA:7536 xref: EMAPA:17519 xref: FMA:74628 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Pituitary_gland_representation.PNG/200px-Pituitary_gland_representation.PNG xref: MA:0000178 xref: MESH:A06.407.747.734 xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Lobe_of_the_Pituitary_Gland xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1586 xref: SCTID:245527006 xref: TAO:0001271 xref: UMLS:C0032009 xref: VHOG:0000142 xref: ZFA:0001271 is_a: UBERON:0002784 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of diencephalon is_a: UBERON:0003296 {is_inferred="true"} ! gland of diencephalon is_a: UBERON:0010134 {source="MA"} ! secretory circumventricular organ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006250 {source="EHDAA2"} ! infundibular recess of 3rd ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000007 {source="ZFA"} ! pituitary gland property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The infundibular part of the pituitary gland consisting of two regions.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010537", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. An infundibulum grows ventrally from the diencephalon of the brain, and Rathke's pouch extends dorsally from the roof of the developing mouth, or stomodaeum. The infundibulum remains connected to the floor of the diencephalon, which becomes the hypothalamus, and gives rise to the part of the gland known as the neurohypophysis. (...) Rathke's pouch loses its connection with the stomodaeum in most adult vertebrates and gives rise to the rest of the gland, the adenohypophysis. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000142", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.510 and Figure 15-5", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002206 name: mammillary body namespace: uberon def: "The mammilary body is a protrusion at the posterior end of the hypothalamus that contains hypothalamic nuclei[GO]." [Wikipedia:Mammillary_body] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "corpus mamillare" EXACT [ZFA:0000334] synonym: "corpus mamillare" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mammillary_body] xref: ABA:MBO xref: FMA:74877 xref: GAID:652 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Gray1180.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Gray1180.png/200px-Gray1180.png xref: MA:0000174 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.357.362.500 xref: ncithesaurus:Mamillary_Body xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_865 xref: SCTID:279306001 xref: TAO:0000334 xref: UMLS:C0024670 xref: ZFA:0000334 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000349 {source="GO"} ! limbic system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002272 {source="ABA"} ! medial zone of hypothalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002770 {source="GO definition"} ! posterior hypothalamic region property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001935 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002035 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002634 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002706 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002219 name: subfornical organ namespace: uberon def: "Group of neurons situated on the ventral surface of the fornix at the level of the foramen of Monro in the third ventricle (adapted from Wikipedia via NIF)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100314, Wikipedia:Subfornical_organ] comment: Function notes: induces drinking behavior after stimulation with angiotensin II[MESH]. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "organum subfornicale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Subfornical_organ] xref: ABA:SFO xref: FMA:75260 xref: GAID:795 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Gray715.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gray715.png/200px-Gray715.png xref: MA:0000940 xref: MESH:A08.713.840 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100314 is_a: UBERON:0002663 {source="MA"} ! septal nuclear complex is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon is_a: UBERON:0010135 {source="MA"} ! sensory circumventricular organ property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001934 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002034 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002625 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002689 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002690 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007626 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002232 name: olfactory gland namespace: uberon def: "Bowman's glands (aka olfactory glands, glands of Bowman) are situated in the olfactory mucosa, beneath the olfactory epithelium, in the lamina propria, a connective tissue also containing fibroblasts, blood vessels, and bundles of fine axons from the olfactory neurons. The structure of the Bowman's glands consists of an acinus in the lamina propria and a secretory duct going out through the olfactory epithelium. Electron microscopy studies show that Bowman's glands contain cells with large secretory vesicles.[2] Bowman's glands might secrete proteins such as Lysozyme, amylase and IgA similarly to serous glands. The exact composition of the secretions from Bowman's glands is unclear, but there is evidence that Bowman's glands do not produce odorant binding protein[WP]." [Wikipedia:Olfactory_glands] subset: organ_slim synonym: "Bowman's gland" RELATED [] synonym: "glandulae olfactoriae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Olfactory_glands] synonym: "olfactory gland of Bowman" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010162 xref: BTO:0001697 xref: FMA:75801 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray857.png xref: MA:0000287 xref: SCTID:368891001 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001997 ! olfactory epithelium property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Multicellular mucous glands of the olfactory epithelium, present only in adults.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010162", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002240 name: spinal cord namespace: uberon def: "Elongated, approximately cylindrical part of the central nervous system that lies in the vertebral canal and from which the spinal nerves emerge." [OMD:spinal+cord, Wikipedia:Spinal_cord] comment: TODO: add superclass to unify with VNC? subset: major_organ subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "medulla spinalis" RELATED [BTO:0001279] synonym: "medulla spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Spinal_cord] synonym: "spinal cord structure" RELATED [ZFA:0000075] synonym: "spinal medulla" RELATED [BTO:0001279] xref: AAO:0010151 xref: BM:SpC xref: BTO:0001279 xref: EFO:0000110 xref: EHDAA2:0001255 xref: EHDAA:2863 xref: EMAPA:17577 xref: EMAPA:17700 xref: EV:0100316 xref: FMA:7647 xref: GAID:695 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Spinal_cord_direv.svg xref: MA:0000216 xref: MAT:0000183 xref: MESH:A08.186.854 xref: MIAA:0000183 xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Cord xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1709 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjjk5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180959008 xref: TAO:0000075 xref: UMLS:C0037925 xref: VHOG:0000601 xref: XAO:0000020 xref: ZFA:0000075 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003076 ! posterior neural tube relationship: has_part CL:0005000 {source="ZFA"} ! spinal cord interneuron relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0006241 {evidence="definitional"} ! future spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0000955 property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Part of the central nervous system which descends from the hindbrain within the vertebral column.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010151", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...) (reference 1); The neural tube is destined to differentiate into the brain and spinal cord (the central nervous system) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000601", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.28, ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.165", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002245 name: hemisphere of cerebellum namespace: uberon def: "A paired regions of the cerebellum that lie outside and lateral to the central vermis[MP]. The cerebellum consists of three parts, a median and two lateral, which are continuous with each other, and are substantially the same in structure. The median portion is constricted, and is called the vermis, from its annulated appearance which it owes to the transverse ridges and furrows upon it; the lateral expanded portions are named the hemispheres. The lateral hemisphere is considered the portion of the cerebellum to develop most recently. [WP,unvetted]." [MP:0009959, Wikipedia:Cerebellar_hemisphere] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cerebellar hemisphere" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebellar hemispheres" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "cerebellum hemisphere" EXACT [] synonym: "hemisphere of cerebellum [H II - H X]" EXACT [] synonym: "hemispherium cerebelli" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cerebellar_hemisphere] synonym: "hemispherium cerebelli [hII-hX]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:76925, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:HEM xref: FMA:76925 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/CerebellumDiv.png xref: MA:0000200 xref: ncithesaurus:Hemisphere_of_the_Cerebellum xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1575 xref: SCTID:362411002 xref: UMLS:C0228465 is_a: UBERON:0002749 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of cerebellar cortex is_a: UBERON:0002946 ! regional part of cerebellum relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002246 name: dorsal thoracic nucleus namespace: uberon def: "." [Wikipedia:Clarke's_column] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Clarke's column" EXACT [] synonym: "Clarke's nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus thoracicus posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77023, FMA:TA] synonym: "posterior thoracic nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal cord dorsal nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "Stilling-Clarke's column" EXACT [] synonym: "Stilling-Clarke's nucleus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:77023 xref: MA:0001121 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002256 ! dorsal horn of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0002256 name: dorsal horn of spinal cord namespace: uberon def: "the pronounced, dorsolaterally oriented ridge of grey matter in each lateral half of the spinal cord[MP]. the dorsal (more towards the back) grey matter of the spinal cord. It receives several types of sensory information from the body, including light touch, proprioception, and vibration. This information is sent from receptors of the skin, bones, and joints through sensory neurons whose cell bodies lie in the dorsal root ganglion[WP]. The dorsal region of the mature spinal cord contains neurons that process and relay sensory input[GO]." [GO:0021516, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=36855&atid=440764, MP:0006282, Wikipedia:Posterior_horn_of_spinal_cord] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cornu dorsale" EXACT [ZFA:0000649] synonym: "cornu posterius medullae spinalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_horn_of_spinal_cord] synonym: "dorsal gray column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256530] synonym: "dorsal gray horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2667] synonym: "dorsal gray matter of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256530] synonym: "dorsal grey column of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal grey horn" BROAD [EMAPA:18574] synonym: "dorsal horn" BROAD [ZFA:0000649] synonym: "dorsal horn spinal cord" EXACT [ZFA:0000649] synonym: "dorsal region of mature spinal cord" BROAD [] synonym: "dorsal region of spinal cord" BROAD [] synonym: "dorsal spinal cord" BROAD [] synonym: "posterior gray column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256530] synonym: "posterior gray horn of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256530] synonym: "posterior grey column of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior horn of spinal cord" EXACT [Wikipedia:Posterior_horn_of_spinal_cord] synonym: "spinal cord dorsal horn" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal cord dorsal horns" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "spinal cord posterior horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2667] xref: BM:SpC-DH xref: EMAPA:18574 xref: FMA:256530 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg.png xref: MA:0001119 xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Horn_of_the_Spinal_Cord xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2667 xref: SCTID:180961004 xref: TAO:0000649 xref: UMLS:C0228575 xref: VHOG:0001287 xref: ZFA:0000649 is_a: UBERON:0001948 ! regional part of spinal cord relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0002315 {source="FMA-abduced-lr"} ! gray matter of spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002315 ! gray matter of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0002257 name: ventral horn of spinal cord namespace: uberon def: "the ventral grey column of the spinal cord[MP]. The neurons of the ventral region of the mature spinal cord participate in motor output[GO]." [GO:0021517, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=36855&atid=440764, MP:0005112, Wikipedia:Anterior_horn_of_spinal_cord] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior column" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_horn_of_spinal_cord] synonym: "anterior column of the spinal cord" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_horn_of_spinal_cord] synonym: "anterior gray column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256541] synonym: "anterior gray horn of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256541] synonym: "anterior grey column of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2668] synonym: "anterior horn (spinal cord)" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_horn_of_spinal_cord] synonym: "cornu anterius medullae spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_horn_of_spinal_cord] synonym: "spinal cord anterior horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2668] synonym: "spinal cord ventral horn" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral gray column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256541] synonym: "ventral gray matter of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256541] synonym: "ventral grey column of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral grey horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2668] synonym: "ventral horn spinal cord" EXACT [ZFA:0000702] synonym: "ventral horns spinal cord" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0001288] synonym: "ventral region of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral spinal cord" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18575 xref: FMA:256541 xref: MA:0001134 xref: ncithesaurus:Ventral_Horn_of_the_Spinal_Cord xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2668 xref: SCTID:279443000 xref: TAO:0000702 xref: UMLS:C0228590 xref: VHOG:0001288 xref: ZFA:0000702 is_a: UBERON:0001948 ! regional part of spinal cord relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0002315 {source="FMA-abduced-lr"} ! gray matter of spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002315 ! gray matter of spinal cord property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The anterior horn of the spinal cord (or anterior cornu, or anterior column, or ventral horn) is the ventral (front) grey matter section of the spinal cord. The anterior horn contains motor neurons that affect the axial muscles while the posterior horn receives information regarding touch and sensation. The anterior horn is where the cell bodies of alpha motorneurons are located[Wikipedia:Anterior_horn_of_spinal_cord]." xsd:string {source="Wikipedia:Anterior_horn_of_spinal_cord"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002258 name: dorsal funiculus namespace: uberon def: "The portion of the medulla spinalis which lies between the posterolateral sulcus and the posterior median sulcus is named the posterior funiculus. This area includes the dorsal columns (also called the posterior columns) which contains the fasciculus gracilis and, higher in the body, the fasciculus cuneatus, which are separated by a partition of glial cells. Histologically, these two fasciculi are on other sides of the dorsal intermediate sulcus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_funiculus] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dorsal funiculus of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal white column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77461] synonym: "funiculus dorsalis" EXACT [ZFA:0000501] synonym: "funiculus posterior medullae spinalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77461, FMA:TA] synonym: "posterior funiculus" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior funiculus of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior white column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77461] xref: FMA:77461 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg.png xref: SCTID:362432005 xref: TAO:0000501 xref: ZFA:0000501 is_a: UBERON:0006127 ! funiculus of spinal cord relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0002318 {source="FMA-abduced-lr"} ! white matter of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0002259 name: corpora quadrigemina namespace: uberon def: "In the brain, the corpora quadrigemina (Latin for 'quadruplet bodies') are the four colliculitwo inferior, two superiorlocated on the tectum the dorsal aspect of the midbrain. The corpora quadrigemina are reflex centers involving vision and hearing. [WP,unvetted]. Two pairs of colliculi on the dorsal surface of the midbrain composed of white matter externally and gray matter within, the superior pair containing correlation centers for optic reflexes and the inferior pair containing correlation centers for auditory reflexes[BTO]." [BTO:0001710, Wikipedia:Corpora_quadrigemina] comment: editor note: this section needs worked on for pan-vertebrate consistency. for now we include a mammal specific definition, even though the child terms are applicable across vertebrates subset: uberon_slim synonym: "colliculi" EXACT [MP:0000899] synonym: "corpora quadrigemina" EXACT [] synonym: "set of colliculi" RELATED [FMA:242157] xref: BTO:0001710 xref: EV:0100244 xref: FMA:242157 xref: GAID:574 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray709.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray709.png/200px-Gray709.png xref: MA:0002567 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.659.237 xref: ncithesaurus:Corpora_Quadrigemina xref: SCTID:361579006 xref: UMLS:C0010087 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002314 ! midbrain tectum [Term] id: UBERON:0002260 name: ventral root of spinal cord namespace: uberon def: "The efferent motor root of a spinal nerve. At its distal end, the ventral root joins with the dorsal root to form a mixed spinal nerve." [Wikipedia:Anterior_root_of_spinal_nerve] comment: FMA:77516 xref is a 'general anatomical term'. We xref both to ensure equivalence. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior nerve root" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_root_of_spinal_nerve] synonym: "anterior root" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_root_of_spinal_nerve] synonym: "anterior root of spinal nerve" RELATED [FMA:5979] synonym: "anterior spinal root" EXACT [BTO:0000865] synonym: "motor root of spinal nerve" RELATED [FMA:5979] synonym: "radix anterior (nervus spinalis)" RELATED [FMA:5979] synonym: "radix anterior nervi spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_root_of_spinal_nerve] synonym: "radix motoria (nervus spinalis)" RELATED [FMA:5979] synonym: "ventral root" BROAD [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090209] synonym: "ventral root of spinal nerve" RELATED [FMA:5979] synonym: "ventral spinal nerve root" RELATED [FMA:5979] xref: BTO:0000865 xref: FMA:5979 xref: FMA:77516 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Spinal_nerve.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Spinal_nerve.svg/200px-Spinal_nerve.svg.png xref: ncithesaurus:Ventral_Nerve_Root xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090209 xref: TAO:0000705 xref: UMLS:C0205956 xref: ZFA:0000705 is_a: UBERON:0009623 {source="FMA", different_relation_from="ZFA"} ! spinal nerve root [Term] id: UBERON:0002261 name: dorsal root of spinal cord namespace: uberon def: "In anatomy and neurology, the dorsal root (or posterior root) is the afferent sensory root of a spinal nerve. At the distal end of the dorsal root is the dorsal root ganglion, which contains the neuron cell bodies of the nerve fibres conveyed by the root. If the dorsal root of a spinal nerve were severed it would lead to numbness in certain areas of the body. The lateral division of the dorsal root contains lightly myelinated and unmyelinated axons of small diameter. These transmit pain and temperature sensation from the body. These fibers cross through the anterior white commissure to form the Anterior lateral system in the lateral funiculus. The medial division of the dorsal root contains myelinated axons of larger diameter. These transmit information of discriminative touch, pressure, vibration, and conscious proprioception originating from spinal levels C2 through S5. These fibers are pushed in towards the posterior medial sulcus to form the fasciculus gracilis and the fasciculus cuneatus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Posterior_root_of_spinal_nerve] comment: FMA xref is 'general anatomical term'. We xref both to ensure equivalence. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dorsal root" EXACT [ZFA:0000652] synonym: "dorsal root of spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5980] synonym: "dorsal spinal nerve root" EXACT [FMA:5980] synonym: "posterior root of spinal nerve" EXACT [Wikipedia:Posterior_root_of_spinal_nerve] synonym: "radix dorsalis" EXACT [ZFA:0000652] synonym: "radix posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_root_of_spinal_nerve] synonym: "radix posterior (nervus spinalis)" EXACT [FMA:5980] synonym: "radix sensoria (nervus spinalis)" EXACT [FMA:5980] synonym: "sensory root of spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5980] xref: BTO:0000360 xref: FMA:5980 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Spinal_nerve.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Spinal_nerve.svg/200px-Spinal_nerve.svg.png xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Root_of_the_Spinal_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090208 xref: SCTID:362436008 xref: TAO:0000652 xref: UMLS:C0205955 xref: ZFA:0000652 is_a: UBERON:0009623 {source="FMA"} ! spinal nerve root [Term] id: UBERON:0002262 name: celiac ganglion namespace: uberon def: "The celiac ganglia are two large irregularly shaped masses of nerve tissue in the upper abdomen. Part of the sympathetic subdivision of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), the two celiac ganglia are the largest ganglia in the ANS, and they innervate most of the digestive tract. They have the appearance of lymph glands and are placed on either side of the midline in front of the crura of the diaphragm, close to the suprarenal glands (also called adrenal glands). The ganglion on the right side is placed behind the inferior vena cava. They are sometimes referred to as the semilunar ganglia or the solar ganglia. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Celiac_ganglia] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "coeliac ganglion" RELATED [] xref: EHDAA2:0000266 xref: EHDAA:8946 xref: EMAPA:19321 xref: FMA:77570 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Gray848.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Gray848.png/200px-Gray848.png xref: MA:0001158 xref: ncithesaurus:Coeliac_Ganglion xref: SCTID:362492008 xref: UMLS:C0007571 is_a: UBERON:0003964 ! prevertebral ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002263 name: lentiform nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The lentiform nucleus or lenticular nucleus comprises the putamen and the globus pallidus within the basal ganglia. It is a large, cone-shaped mass of gray matter just lateral to the internal capsule. [WP,unvetted]. The part of the corpus striatum somewhat resembling a biconvex lens, divided into an external, larger, lateral part (putamen) and an internal, smaller, lighter colored medial part (globus pallidus), which is in turn subdivided into a smaller, medial, and a larger, lateral part by the medial medullary lamina[BTO]." [BTO:0002250, Wikipedia:Lentiform_nucleus] comment: AO notes: the EMAPA class is unclear. Editor notes: TODO - add parts subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lenticular nucleus" RELATED [BTO:0002250] synonym: "nucleus lenticularis" EXACT [BTO:0002250] synonym: "nucleus lentiformis" EXACT [BTO:0002250] synonym: "nucleus lentiformis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lentiform_nucleus] xref: BTO:0002250 xref: EMAPA:18208 xref: EMAPA:19147 xref: EV:0100186 xref: FMA:77615 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Gray741.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Gray741.png/200px-Gray741.png xref: MA:0000896 xref: ncithesaurus:Lenticular_Nucleus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvvyH2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:279319002 xref: UMLS:C0162342 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: has_part UBERON:0001874 ! putamen relationship: has_part UBERON:0001875 ! globus pallidus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000369 ! corpus striatum relationship: part_of UBERON:0005403 ! ventral striatum [Term] id: UBERON:0002264 name: olfactory bulb namespace: uberon def: "A bulbous anterior projection of the olfactory lobe that is the place of termination of the olfactory nerves and is especially well developed in lower vertebrates (as fishes)[BTO]. Segment of neural tree organ which is continuous with a set of olfactory nerves and an olfactory tract. In most vertebrates, the olfactory bulb is the most rostral (forward) part of the brain. In humans, however, the olfactory bulb is on the inferior (bottom) side of the brain. The olfactory bulb is supported and protected by the cribriform plate which in mammals, separates it from the olfactory epithelium, and which is perforated by olfactory nerve axons. The bulb is divided into two distinct structures, the main olfactory bulb, and the accessory olfactory bulb[WP]." [BTO:0000961, Wikipedia:Olfactory_bulb] comment: Note that in uberon 'main olfactory bulb' is a separate class, but some ontologies may treat this as partially synonymous. The distinction may only make sense in tetrapods with a vomeronasal organ (olfactory nerves terminate in OB in fishes and in main OB in tetrapods - Butler and Hodos). Development notes: the olfactory bulbs develop as bilateral evaginations from a region of the prosencephalic neural plate intercalated between the septal and the cortical anlagen (Cobos et al. 2001b, Rubenstein et al. 1998). Comparing the structure of the olfactory bulb among vertebrate species, such as the leopard frog and the lab mouse, reveals that they all share the same fundamental layout(WP). subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "bulbus olfactorius" EXACT [Wikipedia:Olfactory_bulb] synonym: "bulbus olfactorius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Olfactory_bulb] synonym: "olfactory lobe" RELATED [ZFA:0000402] xref: AAO:0010165 xref: ABA:OLF xref: BM:Tel-OB xref: BTO:0000961 xref: EHDAA2:0004705 xref: EV:0100173 xref: FMA:77624 xref: GAID:633 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/1543\,Vesalius%27OlfactoryBulbs.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/1543%2CVesalius%27OlfactoryBulbs.jpg/200px-1543%2CVesalius%27OlfactoryBulbs.jpg xref: MA:0000194 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.577.699.573 xref: ncithesaurus:Olfactory_Bulb xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1137 xref: SCTID:279394006 xref: TAO:0000402 xref: UMLS:C0028936 xref: VHOG:0000033 xref: XAO:0004180 xref: ZFA:0000402 is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon disjoint_from: UBERON:0010010 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! basal nucleus of telencephalon relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001893 {source="ISBN10:0471888893"} ! telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0005366 ! olfactory lobe property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001950 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002421 {source="ABA"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Part of the rostral part of the cerebrum where axons of olfactory cells from the nasal mucosa terminate. Projects onto olfactory parts of pallium via olfactory tracts" xsd:string {source="ISBN10:0471888893"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Part of the telencephalon comprised of anterior outgrowths of either of the cerebral hemispheres in which the olfactory nerve exits.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010165", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Segment of neural tree organ which is continuous with a set of olfactory nerves and an olfactory tract[FMA:77624]." xsd:string {source="FMA:77624"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The part of the forebrain in which the olfactory nerves end and the olfactory tracts originate. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000033", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The presence of paired evaginated hemispheres and olfactory bulbs in both agnathan and gnathostome radiations suggests that such hemispheres were also present in the common ancestor.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000033", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1146/annurev.ne.04.030181.001505 Northcutt RG, Evolution of the telencephalon in nonmammals. Ann. Rev. Neurosci. (1981)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002265 name: olfactory tract namespace: uberon def: "White matter tract that contains projections from the olfactory bulb to the olfactory cortex (Maryann Martone)" [ISBN10:0471888893, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1663, Wikipedia:Olfactory_tract] comment: AO notes: sources differ as to whether this is part of the bulb (BTO), or cortex (MA). We represent this as the connection between the two, and is thus entirely part of neither, yet overlaps both. Note that the NIF class has been retired subset: uberon_slim synonym: "olfactory peduncle" RELATED [BTO:0003647] synonym: "tractus olfactorius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Olfactory_tract] synonym: "tractus olfactorius" RELATED [BTO:0003647] xref: BTO:0003647 xref: FMA:77626 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray732.png/200px-Gray732.png xref: MA:0000975 xref: ncithesaurus:Olfactory_Tract xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1663 xref: SCTID:362356008 xref: UMLS:C0162435 intersection_of: UBERON:0007702 ! tract of brain intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0002264 ! olfactory bulb intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0002894 ! olfactory cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "A nervelike, white band composed primarily of nerve fibres originating from the mitral cells and tufted cells of the olfactory bulb but also containing the scattered cells of the anterior olfactory nucleus[BTO:0003647]." xsd:string {source="BTO:0003647"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The olfactory tract is a bundle of axons connecting the mitral and tufted cells of the olfactory bulb to several target regions in the brain, including piriform cortex, amygdala, and entorhinal cortex. It is a narrow white band, triangular on coronal section, the apex being directed upward. It lies in the olfactory sulcus on the inferior surface of the frontal lobe, and divides posteriorly into two stri, a medial olfactory stria and a lateral olfactory stria.[Wikipedia]." xsd:string {source="Wikipedia:Olfactory_tract"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Tract of brain which is continuous with olfactory bulb and the cerebral cortex.[FMA]" xsd:string {source="FMA"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "White matter tract that contains projections from the olfactory bulb to the olfactory cortex (Maryann Martone)" xsd:string {notes="deprecated class", source="NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1663"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002266 name: anterior olfactory nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The anterior olfactory nucleus (AON; also called the anterior olfactory cortex) is a portion of the forebrain of vertebrates. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anterior_olfactory_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior olfactory cortex" RELATED [BTO:0003649] synonym: "AON" RELATED [BTO:0003649] synonym: "nucleus olfactorius anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_olfactory_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus retrobulbaris [a8]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77628, FMA:TA] synonym: "retrobulbar nucleus [a8]" EXACT [] xref: ABA:AON xref: BM:Tel-OAN xref: BTO:0003649 xref: EV:0100174 xref: FMA:77628 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG/200px-Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG xref: MA:0000968 xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Olfactory_Nucleus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1085 xref: UMLS:C0175225 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus disjoint_from: UBERON:0010010 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! basal nucleus of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002264 {source="ABA"} ! olfactory bulb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002894 ! olfactory cortex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002590 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002893 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0004069 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002267 name: laterodorsal tegmental nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (or lateroposterior tegmental nucleus) is a nucleus situated in the brainstem, spanning the midbrain tegmentum and the pontine tegmentum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Laterodorsal_tegmental_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lateroposterior tegmental nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus tegmentalis posterolateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77654, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus tegmentalis posterolateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Laterodorsal_tegmental_nucleus] xref: ABA:LDT xref: BTO:0004016 xref: FMA:77654 xref: MA:0001016 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002680 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 {is_inferred="true"} ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002047 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002148 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002587 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003004 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002270 name: hyaloid artery namespace: uberon def: "The hyaloid artery is a branch of the ophthalmic artery, which is itself a branch of the internal carotid artery. It is contained within the optic stalk of the eye and extends from the optic disc through the vitreous humor to the lens. Usually fully regressed before birth, its purpose is to supply nutrient to the developing lens in the growing fetus. During the tenth week of development in humans (time varies depending on species), the lens grows independent of a blood supply and the hyaloid artery usually regresses. Its proximal portion remains as the central artery of the retina. Regression of the hyaloid artery leaves a clear central zone through the vitreous called the hyaloid canal or Cloquet's canal. Cloquet's canal is named after the man who first described it, French physician Jules Germain Cloquet (1790b1883). Occasionally the artery may not fully regress, resulting in the condition persistent hyaloid artery. More commonly, small remnants of the artery may remain. Free remnants can sometimes be seen as \"floaters\". An anterior remnant of the hyaloid artery can be seen in some people as Mittendorf's dot, a small pinpoint-like scar on the posterior surface of the lens. A posterior remnant may be seen where the artery left the optic disc, and is known as Bergmeister's papilla." [Wikipedia:Hyaloid_artery] comment: ZFA def is: Artery that is internal to the eye; this is more general than the human-centric definition here.. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "arteria hyaloidea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hyaloid_artery] synonym: "central artery of retina" RELATED [EMAPA:19242] synonym: "Cloquet's canal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hyaloid_artery] synonym: "Cloquets canal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hyaloid_artery] xref: EHDAA2:0004072 xref: EMAPA:19242 xref: FMA:77670 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg/200px-Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg.png xref: SCTID:308790003 xref: TAO:0005045 xref: VHOG:0001478 xref: XAO:0004155 xref: ZFA:0005045 is_a: UBERON:0003499 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0003098 {source="Wikipedia"} ! optic stalk property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Artery that is internal to the eye. Isogai et al. 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005045", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002271 name: periventricular zone of hypothalamus namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "hypothalamus periventricular zone" EXACT [] xref: ABA:PVZ xref: FMA:77682 xref: MA:0000846 xref: VHOG:0000623 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0002272 name: medial zone of hypothalamus namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "hypothalamus medial zone" EXACT [] xref: ABA:MEZ xref: FMA:77683 xref: MA:0000837 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0002273 name: lateral zone of hypothalamus namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "hypothalamus lateral zone" EXACT [] xref: ABA:LZ xref: FMA:77684 xref: MA:0000833 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0002274 name: perifornical nucleus namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: FMA:77688 xref: MA:0000836 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0006568 {is_inferred="true"} ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002273 ! lateral zone of hypothalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0002275 name: reticular formation namespace: uberon comment: note that this class denotes the generic structure, and not a specific one such as medullary or pontine reticular formation. subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:77719 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Gray701.png/200px-Gray701.png xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.772 xref: SCTID:361552007 is_a: UBERON:0000073 ! regional part of nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0002285 name: telencephalic ventricle namespace: uberon def: "A brain ventricle that is part of a telencephalon. In mammals and species with an evaginated telencephalon, this is one of a pair of lateral structures, one in each hemisphere" [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Lateral_ventricle] comment: modeled as space in EHDAA2 subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "forebrain ventricle" RELATED [] synonym: "lateral ventricle" EXACT [MA:0000192] synonym: "lateral ventricle of brain" RELATED [BTO:0000879] synonym: "tectal ventricle" RELATED [] synonym: "telencephalic ventricle" EXACT [VHOG:0000643, ZFA:0000696] synonym: "telencephalic vesicle" RELATED [ZFA:0000696] synonym: "telencephalon lateral ventricle" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001984] xref: BM:Tel-LV xref: BTO:0000879 xref: EFO:0001961 xref: EHDAA2:0001984 xref: EHDAA:3502 xref: EHDAA:6576 xref: EV:0100307 xref: FMA:78448 xref: GAID:611 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gray734.png/200px-Gray734.png xref: MA:0000192 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.276.650 xref: ncithesaurus:Lateral_Ventricle xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1263 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvYsFdZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180930008 xref: TAO:0000696 xref: UMLS:C0152279 xref: VHOG:0000643 xref: ZFA:0000696 intersection_of: UBERON:0004086 ! brain ventricle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009676 {source="EHDAA2", notes="material to immaterial"} ! early telencephalic vesicle property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The lateral ventricles are part of the ventricular system of the brain. Classified as part of the telencephalon, they are the largest of the ventricles. The lateral ventricles connect to the central third ventricle through the interventricular foramina of Monro[WP]." xsd:string {source="Wikipedia:Lateral_ventricle"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The two lateral ventricles are a cavity in each of the cerebral hemispheres derived from the cavity of the embryonic neural tube. They are separated from each other by the septum pellucidum, and each communicates with the third ventricle by the foramen of Monro, through which also the choroid plexuses of the lateral ventricles become continuous with that of the third ventricle[GO]." xsd:string {source="GO:0021670"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000643", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0878932504 Gilbert SF, Developmental Biology (2006) p.381-382, ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.500", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002286 name: third ventricle namespace: uberon def: "Part of the ventricular system of the brain, forming a single large cavity in the midline of the diencephalon; it is continuous with the lateral ventricles through the interventricular foramen and the fourth ventricle through the cerebral aqueduct (Maryann Martone). A narrow cleft inferior to the corpus callosum, within the diencephalon, between the paired thalami. Its floor is formed by the HYPOTHALAMUS, its anterior wall by the lamina terminalis, and its roof by EPENDYMA. It communicates with the FOURTH VENTRICLE by the CEREBRAL AQUEDUCT, and with the LATERAL VENTRICLES by the interventricular foramina[GAID]." [GAID:614, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_714, Wikipedia:Third_ventricle] comment: Editor's note: consider adding class for secondary vesicle precursor subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "3rd ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "diencephalic ventricle" RELATED [] synonym: "diencephalic vesicle" NARROW [] synonym: "ventriculus diencephali" EXACT [ZFA:0000161] synonym: "ventriculus tertius cerebri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Third_ventricle] xref: BM:Die-3V xref: EHDAA2:0000084 xref: EMAPA:16900 xref: EV:0100308 xref: FMA:78454 xref: GAID:614 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Gray734.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gray734.png/200px-Gray734.png xref: MA:0000182 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.276.840 xref: ncithesaurus:Third_Ventricle_of_Brain xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_714 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvakhcJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180931007 xref: TAO:0000161 xref: UMLS:C0149555 xref: VHOG:0000007 xref: ZFA:0000161 is_a: UBERON:0004086 ! brain ventricle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006284 {source="EHDAA2"} ! early prosencephalic vesicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Fluid-filled brain cavity. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000161", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: develops_from forebrain ventricle (TAO:0001259)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000161", ontology="TAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000007", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0878932504 Gilbert SF, Developmental Biology (2006) p.381-382, ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.500", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002287 name: optic recess of third ventricle namespace: uberon def: "At the junction of the floor and anterior wall of the third ventricle, immediately above the optic chiasma, the ventricle presents a small angular recess or diverticulum, the optic recess (or supraoptic recess). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Optic_recess] comment: TODO - check taxonomic grouping subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "optic recess" EXACT [] synonym: "optic recesses" RELATED [VHOG:0000595] synonym: "preoptic recess" EXACT [] synonym: "recessus supraopticus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:78455, FMA:TA] synonym: "recessus supraopticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Optic_recess] synonym: "supraoptic recess" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0001317 xref: EHDAA:1343 xref: EHDAA:1973 xref: EHDAA:2649 xref: EHDAA:3478 xref: EMAPA:16644 xref: EMAPA:16902 xref: FMA:78455 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Gray721.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Gray721.png/200px-Gray721.png xref: SCTID:369279008 xref: TAO:0000049 xref: VHOG:0000595 xref: ZFA:0000049 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The optic recess of the third ventricle, i.e. the pouch of the ventricle penetrating into the interval between the initial optic tracts. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000595", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002288 name: choroid plexus of third ventricle namespace: uberon def: "A choroid plexus that is part of a third ventricle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "3rd ventricle choroid plexus" RELATED [] synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorioid plexus of third ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "choroid plexus third ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0001444] synonym: "diencephalic choroid plexus " EXACT [ZFA:0001444] synonym: "third ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third ventricle choroid plexus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:78462 xref: MA:0000879 xref: ncithesaurus:Choroid_Plexus_of_the_Third_Ventricle xref: SCTID:61576002 xref: TAO:0001444 xref: UMLS:C0152291 xref: VHOG:0001374 xref: ZFA:0001444 is_a: UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus intersection_of: UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0002289 name: midbrain cerebral aqueduct namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0005684 def: "The mesencephalic duct, also known as the aqueductus mesencephali, aqueduct of Sylvius or the cerebral aqueduct, contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), is within the mesencephalon (or midbrain) and connects the third ventricle in the diencephalon to the fourth ventricle, which is between the pons and cerebellum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cerebral_aqueduct] comment: AO notes: Two distinct classes in ncit. We classify this as a brain ventricle even though it is not classifically regarded as one (3rd = diencephalon, 4th = hindbrains) subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "aqueduct (Sylvius)" EXACT [] synonym: "aqueduct of midbrain" EXACT [] synonym: "aqueduct of Sylvius" EXACT [] synonym: "aqueductus mesencephali" EXACT LATIN [FMA:78467, FMA:TA] synonym: "aqueductus mesencephali" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cerebral_aqueduct] synonym: "cerebral aquaduct" EXACT [ZFA:0000159] synonym: "cerebral aqueduct" EXACT [MA:0000208] synonym: "cerebral aqueduct of Sylvius" EXACT [] synonym: "medial tectal ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0000159] synonym: "mesencephalic duct" EXACT [Wikipedia:Cerebral_aqueduct] synonym: "mesencephalic ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0000159] synonym: "mesencephalic vesicle" RELATED [ZFA:0000159] synonym: "midbrain cerebral aqueduct" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001163] synonym: "midbrain ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0000159] synonym: "Sylvian aqueduct" EXACT [Wikipedia:Cerebral_aqueduct] synonym: "tectal ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0000159] xref: BM:MB-AQ xref: EFO:0003501 xref: EHDAA2:0001163 xref: EHDAA:3696 xref: EMAPA:17795 xref: EV:0100309 xref: FMA:78467 xref: GAID:583 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png/200px-Cn3nucleus.png xref: MA:0000208 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.659.822.187 xref: ncithesaurus:Aqueduct_of_Sylvius xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Aqueduct xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1261 xref: SCTID:279249003 xref: TAO:0000159 xref: UMLS:C0007769 xref: VHOG:0000832 xref: ZFA:0000159 is_a: UBERON:0004086 ! brain ventricle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0013148 {source="EHDAA2"} ! early midbrain vesicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000832", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0878932504 Gilbert SF, Developmental Biology (2006) p.381-382, ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.500", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002290 name: choroid plexus of fourth ventricle namespace: uberon def: "A choroid plexus that is part of a fourth ventricle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "4th ventricle choroid plexus" RELATED [] synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorioid plexus of fourth ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "choroid plexus fourth ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0001446] synonym: "fourth ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth ventricle choroid plexus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:78492 xref: MA:0000983 xref: ncithesaurus:Choroid_Plexus_of_the_Fourth_Ventricle xref: SCTID:42214001 xref: TAO:0001446 xref: UMLS:C0152293 xref: VHOG:0001375 xref: ZFA:0001446 is_a: UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus is_a: UBERON:0006694 {is_inferred="true"} ! cerebellum vasculature intersection_of: UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0002291 name: central canal namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0002220 def: "Spinal cord structure that is part of the ventricular system and is filled with cerebral-spinal fluid and runs the length of the spinal cord." [ZFIN:curator] comment: previously mapped to FMA:75364. Note some ontologies (NIF, SNOMED) subdivide this into lumbar, thoracic, etc. Note we follow FMA in distinguishing between the canal and the lumen subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "canalis centralis" EXACT [ZFA:0000938] synonym: "central canal of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "neural lumen" RELATED [] synonym: "spinal cord central canal" EXACT [] synonym: "ventricle of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:78497] xref: EHDAA2:0004361 xref: FMA:78497 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg.png xref: MA:0001117 xref: ncithesaurus:Central_Canal xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1409 xref: SCTID:279447004 xref: TAO:0000938 xref: UMLS:C0459414 xref: ZFA:0000938 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 {source="MA"} ! spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0005281 {source="FMA"} ! ventricular system of central nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0002298 name: brainstem namespace: uberon def: "Multi-tissue structure that has as its parts the medulla oblongata of the hindbrain and the tegmentum of the midbrain[ZFA,adopted]." [ISBN10:0471888893, Wikipedia:Brainstem, ZFA:0001707] comment: 'brainstem' is a loose term that sometimes refers to the ventral parts o the brain except for any part of the telencephalon - sometimes it includes the diencephalon or subpallial telencephalon structures (ISBN10:0471888893). Here we use it in a more restriced sense, to include only the medulla oblongata, pons (when present) and the midbrain tegmentum (following the ZFA definitions). subset: loose_concept subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "brain stem" EXACT [ABA:BS] synonym: "truncus encephali" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Brainstem] synonym: "truncus encephalicus" RELATED [BTO:0000146] xref: ABA:BS xref: BTO:0000146 xref: EFO:0001962 xref: EV:0100241 xref: FMA:79876 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Gray719.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Gray719.png/200px-Gray719.png xref: MA:0000169 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132 xref: ncithesaurus:Brain_Stem xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1565 xref: SCTID:180925009 xref: TAO:0002156 xref: UMLS:C0006121 xref: VHOG:0001457 xref: ZFA:0001707 is_a: UBERON:0002616 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of brain relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord relationship: has_part UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata relationship: has_part UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001890 {notes="we apply a strict definition"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002037 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002314 {notes="we apply a strict definition"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Multi-tissue structure that has as its parts the medulla oblongata of the hindbrain and the tegmentum of the midbrain.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002156", ontology="TAO", source="ISBN:3764351209"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002301 name: layer of neocortex namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "cerebral cortex layer" RELATED [MA:0000186] synonym: "cortical layer" EXACT [] synonym: "neocortex layer" EXACT [] xref: ABA:CTX1-6b xref: FMA:83138 xref: MA:0000186 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002304 name: layer of dentate gyrus namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "dentate gyrus layer" EXACT [] xref: FMA:83678 xref: MA:0002429 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001885 ! dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation [Term] id: UBERON:0002305 name: layer of hippocampus namespace: uberon def: "the layers of the laminar structure of the hippocampus." [MP:0000813, Wikipedia:Hippocampus_anatomy#Hippocampal_Cells_and_Layers] comment: TODO - check NIF xref synonym: "cytoarchitectural fields of hippocampal formation" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1192] synonym: "hippocampus layer" EXACT [] xref: FMA:83679 xref: MA:0002427 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1192 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001954 ! Ammon's horn [Term] id: UBERON:0002307 name: choroid plexus of lateral ventricle namespace: uberon def: "A choroid plexus that is part of a lateral ventricle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorioid plexus of lateral ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "choroid plexus telencephalic ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0001447] synonym: "lateral ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lateral ventricle choroid plexus" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0004449 xref: FMA:83711 xref: MA:0000961 xref: ncithesaurus:Choroid_Plexus_of_the_Lateral_Ventricle xref: SCTID:70064002 xref: TAO:0001447 xref: UMLS:C0152289 xref: VHOG:0001376 xref: ZFA:0001447 is_a: UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus intersection_of: UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0002308 name: nucleus of brain namespace: uberon def: "Nucleus of neuraxis which is located within the brain. Example: pontobulbar nucleus, globose nucleus[FMA]. brain structure consisting of a relatively compact cluster of neurons. It is one of the two most common forms of nerve cell organization, the other being layered structures such as the cerebral cortex or cerebellar cortex. In anatomical sections, a nucleus shows up as a region of gray matter, often bordered by white matter. The vertebrate brain contains hundreds of distinguishable nuclei, varying widely in shape and size. A nucleus may itself have a complex internal structure, with multiple types of neurons arranged in clumps (subnuclei) or layers.[Wikipedia]" [FMA:83840, Wikipedia:Nucleus_(neuroanatomy)] comment: We considered merging with 'neural nucleus' synonym: "brain nucleus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:83840 xref: MA:0000811 xref: ncithesaurus:Brain_Nucleus xref: SCTID:426465002 xref: UMLS:C1706993 xref: ZFA:0005575 is_a: UBERON:0002616 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of brain intersection_of: UBERON:0000125 ! neural nucleus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002309 name: medial longitudinal fasciculus namespace: uberon def: "The medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) is a pair of crossed fiber tracts, one on each side of the brainstem. These bundles of axons are situated near the midline of the brainstem and are composed of both ascending and descending fibers that arise from a number of sources and terminate in different areas. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_longitudinal_fasciculus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "fasciculus longitudinalis medialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_longitudinal_fasciculus] synonym: "MLF" RELATED [ZFA:0000543] xref: BTO:0003951 xref: FMA:83846 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Gray711.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Gray711.png/200px-Gray711.png xref: SCTID:362397001 xref: TAO:0000543 xref: ZFA:0000543 is_a: UBERON:0005838 ! fasciculus of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002310 name: hippocampus fimbria namespace: uberon def: "A prominent band of white matter along the medial edge of the hippocampus[WP]." [Wikipedia:Fimbria_of_hippocampus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "fimbria" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1502] synonym: "fimbria hippocampi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fimbria_of_hippocampus] synonym: "fimbria hippocampus" EXACT [] synonym: "fimbria of hippocampus" EXACT [FMA:83866] synonym: "fimbria of the fornix" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1502] synonym: "fimbria-fornix" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1502] synonym: "hippocampal fimbria" EXACT [MP:0009324] synonym: "neuraxis fimbria" EXACT [] xref: BM:Tel-FI xref: FMA:83866 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Gray749.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Gray749.png/200px-Gray749.png xref: MA:0000949 xref: ncithesaurus:Fimbria xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1502 xref: SCTID:369096000 xref: UMLS:C0152315 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001954 {source="MA"} ! Ammon's horn [Term] id: UBERON:0002313 name: hippocampus pyramidal layer namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0005369 def: "A cytoarchitectural term denoting the layer of the hippocampus in which pyramidal cells are predominant. Its location is superficial to the Stratum oriens; it is deep to the Stratum radiatum in area CA1 and area CA2 and deep to the Stratum lucidum in area CA3 (Stephan-75) (NeuroNames)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1444] synonym: "hippocampus stratum pyramidale" RELATED [] synonym: "pyramidal cell layer of the hippocampus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1444] synonym: "pyramidal layer of hippocampus" EXACT [FMA:83895] synonym: "stratum pyramidale" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1444] synonym: "stratum pyramidale hippocampi" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1444] xref: BTO:0001066 xref: FMA:83895 xref: MA:0000956 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1444 is_a: UBERON:0002305 ! layer of hippocampus [Term] id: UBERON:0002314 name: midbrain tectum namespace: uberon def: "Dorsal part of the midbrain, consisting of the superior and inferior colliculi and the pretectal nuclei [MM, NIF]. The tectum is a region of the brain, specifically the dorsal part of the mesencephalon (midbrain). This is contrasted with the tegmentum, which refers to the region ventral to the ventricular system. It is derived in embryonic development from the alar plate of the neural tube. [WP,unvetted]." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1032, Wikipedia:Midbrain_tectum] comment: In adult humans it is present only in the mesencephalon as the inferior and the superior colliculi[WP]. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "mesencephalic tectum" EXACT [ZFA:0000445] synonym: "neuraxis tectum" EXACT [] synonym: "t. mesencephali" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Midbrain_tectum] synonym: "tectum" EXACT [] synonym: "tectum mesencephali" EXACT [BTO:0001793] xref: BM:MB-Tec xref: BTO:0001793 xref: EFO:0000920 xref: EHDAA2:0004474 xref: EMAPA:19051 xref: FMA:83902 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Gray685.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Gray685.png/200px-Gray685.png xref: MA:0000211 xref: MAT:0000451 xref: ncithesaurus:Tectum_Mesencephali xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1032 xref: SCTID:362394008 xref: TAO:0001353 xref: UMLS:C0039433 xref: VHOG:0001388 is_a: UBERON:0002950 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of midbrain relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005882 ! alar plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The tectum - a multisensory, topologically mapped structure in the roof of the midbrain presents a remarkable degree of conservation in all vertebrate radiations; although it varies in the extent of its development in different vertebrate classes, there is considerable evidence now to deem its layered structure, its cell types, and its hodological pattern as homologous in all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001388", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0003582 Maximino C, Evolutionary Changes in the Complexity of the Tectum of Nontetrapods: A Cladistic Approach. PLoS ONE (2008)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002315 name: gray matter of spinal cord namespace: uberon def: "the ridge-shaped grey matter of the spinal cord that extends longitudunally through the center of each half of the spinal cord, and are largely or entirely composed of nerve cell bodies and their dendrites and some supportive tissue." [MP:0008503] synonym: "gray matter of neuraxis of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gray substance of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256580] synonym: "grey matter of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "grey substance of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal cord gray matter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinal cord gray matter of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinal cord grey matter" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal cord grey substance" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:256580 xref: MA:0000002 xref: ncithesaurus:Gray_Matter_of_the_Spinal_Cord xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100204 xref: SCTID:279441003 xref: UMLS:C0475853 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis intersection_of: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0002316 name: white matter namespace: uberon def: "Neural tissue consisting of myelinated axons connecting grey matter areas of the central nervous system." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:White_matter] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "CNS tracts and commissures" RELATED [TAO:0000145] synonym: "CNS white matter" RELATED [TAO:0002143] synonym: "neuronal white matter" EXACT [AEO:0001011] synonym: "substantia alba" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:White_matter] synonym: "white mater" RELATED [VHOG:0001764] synonym: "white matter of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:83929] synonym: "white substance" EXACT [] xref: AEO:0000139 xref: AEO:0001011 xref: FMA:83929 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Grey_matter_and_white_matter_-_very_high_mag.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Spinal_nerve.svg/200px-Spinal_nerve.svg.png xref: MA:0001135 xref: ncithesaurus:White_Matter xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:Class_2 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwOAsDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: TAO:0000145 xref: TAO:0002142 xref: TAO:0002143 xref: UMLS:C0682708 xref: VHOG:0001764 xref: ZFA:0001682 is_a: UBERON:0003714 {source="AEO"} ! neural tissue is_a: UBERON:0011215 {source="FMA"} ! cell part cluster of neuraxis relationship: has_part UBERON:0006135 ! myelinated nerve fiber relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Cell part cluster consisting predominantly of neurites in the brain and the spinal cord[FMA:83929]." xsd:string {source="FMA:83929"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Multi-tissue structure comprised largely of myelinated axons.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002142", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The myelination of axons by glial cells was the last major step in the evolution of cells in the vertebrate nervous system, and white-matter tracts are key to the architecture of the mammalian brain.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001764", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1038/nature09614 Nave KA, Myelination and support of axonal integrity by glia. Nature (2010)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002317 name: white matter of cerebellum namespace: uberon comment: note that in NIF this is a composite structure; in MA and FMA it is explicitly part of cerebellum. This leads to consistency problems with strict parcellation schemes like ABA, see cerebellar peduncles. In NIF this is a composite structure, this is followed partially here in weakening the relationship to overlaps subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cerebellar white matter" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebellum white matter" EXACT [] xref: FMA:83943 xref: MA:0002430 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebellum_White_Matter xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1562 xref: SCTID:362412009 xref: TAO:0002183 xref: UMLS:C0152381 xref: ZFA:0001708 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002037 {source="FMA-weakened", source="MA-weakened"} ! cerebellum property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "CNS white matter that is part of the cerebellum.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002183", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002318 name: white matter of spinal cord namespace: uberon def: "the regions of the spinal cord that are largely or entirely composed of myelinated nerve cell axons and contain few or no neural cell bodies or dendrites." [MP:0008027] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "spinal cord white matter" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal cord white matter of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinal cord white substance" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "white matter of neuraxis of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "white substance of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:83945 xref: MA:0000910 xref: ncithesaurus:White_Matter_of_the_Spinal_Cord xref: SCTID:279436006 xref: UMLS:C0458457 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter intersection_of: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0002322 name: periventricular nucleus namespace: uberon def: "." [Wikipedia:Periventricular_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ventral zone of periventricular hypothalamus" EXACT [ZFA:0000260] xref: FMA:84354 xref: TAO:0000260 xref: ZFA:0000260 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002327 name: trunk of intercostal nerve namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "intercostal nerve trunk" EXACT [] synonym: "intercostal neural trunk" EXACT [] xref: FMA:85315 xref: MA:0001176 is_a: UBERON:0001147 ! trunk of peripheral nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0002336 name: corpus callosum namespace: uberon def: "The corpus callosum is a thick bundle of nerve fibers comprising a commissural plate connecting the two cerebral hemispheres. It consists of contralateral axon projections that provides communications between the right and left cerebral hemispheres[GO]." [Wikipedia:Corpus_callosum] subset: uberon_slim xref: BM:Tel-CC xref: BTO:0000615 xref: EFO:0001390 xref: EV:0100305 xref: FMA:86464 xref: GAID:683 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Gray733.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Gray733.png/200px-Gray733.png xref: MA:0000188 xref: MAT:0000286 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.362 xref: MIAA:0000286 xref: ncithesaurus:Corpus_Callosum xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1087 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvbNzdZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362354006 xref: UMLS:C0010090 xref: VHOG:0001608 is_a: UBERON:0002473 {source="FMA", source="MA"} ! intercerebral commissure is_a: UBERON:0005340 ! dorsal telencephalic commissure property_value: RO:0002161 NCBITaxon:9255 property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The largest commissure of the brain connecting the cerebral hemispheres. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001608", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/corpus+callosum"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In addition to the anterior commissure, placental mammals have a phylogenetically new forebrain commissure, the corpus callosum, which primarily interconnects the neocortex of the cerebral hemispheres.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001608", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1969.tb20447.x Ebner FF, A comparison of primitive forebrain organization in metatherian and eutherian mammals. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (1969)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000008 "The corpus callosum is found only in placental mammals. other groups do have other brain structures that allow for communication between the two hemispheres, such as the anterior commissure, which serves as the primary mode of interhemispheric communication in marsupials." xsd:string {source="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corpus_callosum#Species_Differences"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002360 name: meninx namespace: uberon def: "Membrane organ that surrounds the brain and the spinal cord." [FMA:9589, http://www.shsu.edu/~bio_mlt/Chap15.html, Wikipedia:Meninx] comment: Editor note: consider separate term for meninges aka collection of meninges. Note in EHDAA2 pia mater etc are part of the meninges. Also consider a new class for primary/primitive meninx. AO notes: Not consider part of the CNS/neuraxis in FMA. Taxon notes: Whereas cyclostomes and fishes only have a single envelope called the primitive meninx, amphibians have two layers, consisting of an outer dura mater which is extremely dense and protective, and a pia-arachnoid or secondary meninx which is more delicate and vascular. Mammals have three meninges: pia mater (which follows all the convolutions of the brain and is the most interior), the arachnoid layer (which is delicate and sends strands to the pia mater), and the dura mater (the outer, more protective meninx). subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "layer of meninges" EXACT [] synonym: "meningeal layer" EXACT [] synonym: "meninx primitiva" NARROW [VHOG:0001295] xref: BTO:0000144 xref: EFO:0000584 xref: EFO:0000867 xref: EV:0100312 xref: FMA:9589 xref: GAID:687 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Illu_meninges.jpg/200px-Illu_meninges.jpg xref: MA:0001113 xref: MAT:0000113 xref: MESH:A08.186.566 xref: ncithesaurus:Meninges xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090204 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwDOl8JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: TAO:0001355 xref: UMLS:C0025285 xref: VHOG:0001295 xref: ZFA:0001355 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0010743 ! meningeal cluster property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Membrane covering the brain and spinal cord. It is represented by a single layer in fishes, two in amphibians, reptiles and birds and three in mammals (named dura mater, arachnoid and pia mater). [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001295", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/meninges"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001295", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "meningeal" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0002361 name: pia mater namespace: uberon def: "delicate innermost layer of the meningesthe membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. The thin, mesh-like pia mater closely envelops the entire surface of the brain, running down into the fissures of the cortex. It joins with the ependyma which lines the ventricles to form choroid plexuses that produce cerebrospinal fluid. In the spinal cord, the pia mater attaches to the dura mater by the denticular ligaments through the arachnoid membrane. The pia mater is a neural crest derivative." [Wikipedia:Pia_mater] comment: Editor note: consider adding adjacency relationship to neuraxis (brain+spinal cord); however note that at this time the meninges may be considered part of the nervous system subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pia mater of neuraxis" EXACT [] synonym: "pial membrane" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090209] xref: BTO:0001635 xref: EHDAA2:0004318 xref: EHDAA:1367 xref: EHDAA:1961 xref: EHDAA:2001 xref: EHDAA:2099 xref: EHDAA:2685 xref: EHDAA:2833 xref: EHDAA:2867 xref: EHDAA:3692 xref: EHDAA:3710 xref: EHDAA:6566 xref: EHDAA:6583 xref: EV:0100315 xref: FMA:9590 xref: GAID:693 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Gray770-en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Gray770.png/200px-Gray770.png xref: MA:0001116 xref: MESH:A08.186.566.731 xref: ncithesaurus:Pia_Mater xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090209 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvtesBZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001464 xref: SCTID:362305004 xref: UMLS:C0031869 is_a: UBERON:0000391 ! leptomeninx [Term] id: UBERON:0002362 name: arachnoid mater namespace: uberon def: "A think avascular meningeal layer, between the pia mater and the dural mater. It is separated from the pia mater by the subarachnoid space." [ISBN10:0471888893, Wikipedia:Arachnoid_mater] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arachnoid" EXACT [] synonym: "arachnoid mater of neuraxis" EXACT [] synonym: "arachnoid membrane" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090208] synonym: "arachnoidea mater" RELATED [BTO:0001636] xref: BTO:0001636 xref: EV:0100314 xref: FMA:9591 xref: GAID:688 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/Gray767.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Gray767.png/200px-Gray767.png xref: MA:0001114 xref: MESH:A08.186.566.166 xref: ncithesaurus:Arachnoid_Membrane xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090208 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rve5HlJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362304000 xref: UMLS:C1510935 is_a: UBERON:0000391 ! leptomeninx property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002049 {source="ISBN10:0471888893"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002363 name: dura mater namespace: uberon def: "the outermost of the three layers of the meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord. The other two meningeal layers are the pia mater and the arachnoid mater. The dura surrounds the brain and the spinal cord and is responsible for keeping in the cerebrospinal fluid." [Wikipedia:Dura_mater] comment: Function notes: capable of inducing chondrogenesis - requires contact with an epithelium - PMID:16496288. AO notes: in ncit this is divided into periosteal layer and meningeal layer subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dura" RELATED [BTO:0001637] synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [] synonym: "pachymeninges" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090206] xref: BTO:0001637 xref: EMAPA:17776 xref: EV:0100313 xref: FMA:9592 xref: GAID:691 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Meninges-en.svg xref: MA:0001115 xref: MESH:A08.186.566.395 xref: ncithesaurus:Dura_Mater xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090206 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvvmzqZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362301008 xref: UMLS:C0013313 is_a: UBERON:0002360 ! meninx relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010115 {evidence="definitional"} ! future dura mater property_value: RO:0002161 NCBITaxon:32443 {source="ISBN10:0073040584"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002410 name: autonomic nervous system namespace: uberon def: "The autonomic nervous system is composed of neurons that are not under conscious control, and is comprised of two antagonistic components, the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The autonomic nervous system regulates key functions including the activity of the cardiac (heart) muscle, smooth muscles (e.g. of the gut), and glands[GO]." [Wikipedia:Autonomic_nervous_system] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ANS" RELATED [] synonym: "divisio autonomica systematis nervosi peripherici" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Autonomic_nervous_system] synonym: "visceral nervous system" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000033 xref: BTO:0002507 xref: EHDA:10095 xref: EHDAA:3767 xref: EMAPA:16984 xref: FMA:9905 xref: GAID:706 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Gray839.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Gray839.png/200px-Gray839.png xref: MA:0000219 xref: MESH:A08.800.050 xref: ncithesaurus:Autonomic_Nervous_System xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1123 xref: SCTID:362481007 xref: TAO:0001574 xref: UMLS:C0004388 xref: VHOG:0000396 xref: ZFA:0001574 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Nervous system including a portion of the central and peripheral systems and presiding over the control and coordination of the vegetative functions of the organism. It innervates smooth and cardiac muscles and glandular tissues and is responsible for many actions which are more or less automatic (e.g. secretion, vasoconstriction etc.). It consists of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000396", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Part of the peripheral nervous system which regulates involuntary functions of the body and consists of the sympathetic and parasympathetic system.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000033", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "From comparative analyses of craniate brains, a morphotype of the brain in the earliest craniate stock can be constructed. In marked contrast to cephalochordates, the ancestral craniate morphotype had a plethora of unique features, which included a telencephalon with pallial and subpallial parts, paired olfactory bulbs with substantial projections to most or all of the telencephalic pallium, paired lateral eyes and ears, a lateral line system for both electroreception and mechanoreception, spinal cord dorsal root ganglia, and an autonomic nervous system.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000396", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1002/1097-0185(20000615)261:3<111::AID-AR6>3.0.CO;2-F Butler AB, Chordate evolution and the origin of craniates: An old brain in a new head. AnaT Rec (New Anat) (2000)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002420 name: basal ganglion namespace: uberon def: "one of a group of nuclei in the brains of vertebrates, situated at the base of the forebrain and strongly connected with the cerebral cortex, thalamus and other areas.ganglion in the head. The main components of the basal ganglia are the striatum, pallidum, substantia nigra, and subthalamic nucleus[WP]. Subcortical masses of gray matter in the forebrain and midbrain that are richly interconnected and so viewed as a functional system. The nuclei usually included are the caudate nucleus (caudoputamen in rodents), putamen, globus pallidus, substantia nigra (pars compacta and pars reticulata) and the subthalamic nucleus. Some also include the nucleus accumbens and ventral pallidum[NIF]." [Wikipedia:Basal_ganglia] comment: Editor note: it is necessary to introduce two classes, one representing an individual basal ganglion, another representing the aggregate structure, in order to have consistent classification amongst AOs (e.g. in MA the aygdala is part of the BG, in FMA and BTO it is a subclass). Apart from achieving this consistency, the value of having two distinct classes is questionable, since the BG-plural is trivially the set of all BGs-singular. it would be better for all AOs to decide on one single way of doing this. Do not merge until this is done. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "basal ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "basal ganglion of telencephalon" EXACT [] synonym: "basal nucleus" RELATED [MA:0000184] synonym: "nuclei basales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Basal_ganglia] xref: BTO:0000235 xref: EFO:0000904 xref: FMA:62514 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Basal_Ganglia_and_Related_Structures.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Basal_Ganglia_and_Related_Structures.svg/200px-Basal_Ganglia_and_Related_Structures.svg.png xref: SCTID:244434001 is_a: UBERON:0007245 {source="FMA"} ! nuclear complex of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0011300 {is_inferred="true"} ! gray matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0010011 ! collection of basal ganglia [Term] id: UBERON:0002421 name: hippocampal formation namespace: uberon def: "Hippocampus (proper) plus dentate gyrus and subiculum[definition derived from NIF comments and ontology alignment]." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Usage notes: The term hippocampus is often used synonymously with hippocampal formation which consists of the hippocampus proper or Cornu Ammonis, the dentate gyrus and the subiculum[NIF]. BTO:0000601 is placed here since it includes the DG. GO also includes dentate gyrus development as part of hippocampus development, so we assume when GO says "hippocampus" it means "hippocampal formation". In ABA HPF = (.. subiculum) + HIP, HIP = DG + AH. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "archipallium" RELATED [MA:0000189] synonym: "hippocampus" NARROW [BTO:0000601, GO:0021766] synonym: "hippocampus (crosby)" EXACT [] synonym: "major hippocampus" RELATED [BTO:0000601] synonym: "primal cortex" RELATED [MA:0000189] xref: ABA:HPF xref: BM:Tel-HF xref: BTO:0000601 xref: FMA:74038 xref: MA:0000189 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_715 xref: SCTID:422867004 is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0000203 {source="ISBN10:0471888893", source="GO"} ! pallium property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001950 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002264 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002422 name: fourth ventricle namespace: uberon def: "The fourth ventricle is an irregularly shaped cavity in the rhombencephalon, between the medulla oblongata, the pons, and the isthmus in front, and the cerebellum behind. It is continuous with the central canal of the cord below and with the cerebral aqueduct above, and through its lateral and median apertures it communicates with the subarachnoid space[GO]." [Wikipedia:Fourth_ventricle] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "4th ventricle" RELATED [MA:0000196] synonym: "hindbrain ventricle" RELATED [VHOG:0000006] synonym: "IVth ventricle" RELATED [VHOG:0000006] synonym: "rhombencephalic ventricle" RELATED [VHOG:0000006] synonym: "rhombencephalic vesicle" NARROW [ZFA:0000110] synonym: "ventricle IV" EXACT [ZFA:0000110] synonym: "ventricle of hindbrain" RELATED [BTO:0003426] synonym: "ventricle of rhombencephalon" RELATED [BTO:0003426] synonym: "ventriculus quartus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fourth_ventricle] xref: AAO:0011043 xref: BM:Pons-4V xref: BTO:0003426 xref: EHDAA2:0000100 xref: EHDAA:896 xref: EMAPA:16479 xref: EMAPA:16917 xref: EV:0100310 xref: FMA:78469 xref: GAID:610 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Gray734.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gray734.png/200px-Gray734.png xref: MA:0000196 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.276.500 xref: ncithesaurus:Fourth_Ventricle_of_the_Brain xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1256 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv-7Q6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180932000 xref: TAO:0000110 xref: UMLS:C0149556 xref: VHOG:0000006 xref: XAO:0003099 xref: ZFA:0000110 intersection_of: UBERON:0004086 ! brain ventricle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain relationship: develops_from UBERON:0013149 {source="EHDAA2"} ! hindbrain vesicle property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Fluid-filled brain cavity. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000110", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Irregularly shaped cavity in the rhombencephalon, between the medulla oblongata, the pons, and the isthmus in front, and the cerebellum behind. It is continuous with the central canal of the cord below and with the cerebral aqueduct above, and through its lateral and median apertures it communicates with the subarachnoid space.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011043", ontology="AAO", source="UBERON:0002422"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000006", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0878932504 Gilbert SF, Developmental Biology (2006) p.381-382, ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.500", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002430 name: lateral hypothalamic area namespace: uberon def: "The lateral hypothalamus or lateral hypothalamic area is a part of the hypothalamus. It is concerned with hunger. Damage to this area can cause reduced food intake. Stimulating the lateral hypothalamus causes a desire to eat, while stimulating the ventromedial hypothalamus causes a desire to stop eating. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_hypothalamic_area] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "area hypothalamica lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62030, FMA:TA] synonym: "lateral division of hypothalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral group of hypothalamic nuclei" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral hypothalamic group" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral hypothalamic nucleus" RELATED [MA:0000834] synonym: "lateral hypothalamic region" EXACT [FMA:62030] synonym: "lateral hypothalamic zone (crosby)" EXACT [] xref: ABA:LHA xref: BM:Die-Hy-HLA xref: FMA:62030 xref: GAID:640 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: MA:0000834 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.357.300 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4037 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002273 ! lateral zone of hypothalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001906 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001907 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001931 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001933 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002432 name: pars intermedia of adenohypophysis namespace: uberon def: "boundary between the anterior and posterior lobes of the pituitary. It contains three types of cells: basophils, chromophobes, and colloid-filled cysts. The cysts are the remainder of Rathke's pouch. In human fetal life, this area produces melanocyte stimulating hormone or MSH which causes the release of melanin pigment in skin melanocytes (pigment cells). However, the pars intermedia is normally either very small or entirely absent in adulthood. In lower vertebrates (fish, amphibians) MSH from the pars intermedia is responsible for darkening of the skin, often in response to changes in background color. This color change is due to MSH stimulating the dispersion of melanin pigment in dermal (skin) melanophore cells." [Wikipedia:Pars_intermedia] comment: The intermediate part of adenohypophysis: an ill-defined region between the two lobes of the hypophysis; some systems of nomenclature consider it part of the neurohypophysis. In humans a defined structure develops during embryogenesis, but only scattered cells are retained when the gland matures[BTO]. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "intermediate lobe" RELATED [BTO:0001788] synonym: "intermediate lobe of adenohypophysis" EXACT [] synonym: "intermediate lobe of pituitary" EXACT [] synonym: "pars intermedia" EXACT [MA:0000855] synonym: "pars intermedia (glandula pituitaria)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74632, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars intermedia adenohypophyseos" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pars_intermedia] synonym: "pars intermedia adenohypophyseos" RELATED [BTO:0001788] synonym: "pars intermedia adenohypophysis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74632, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars intermedia lobi anterior hypophyseos" RELATED [BTO:0001788] synonym: "pars intermedia of anterior lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT [FMA:74632] xref: BTO:0001788 xref: EHDAA2:0001417 xref: EHDAA:8765 xref: EMAPA:17516 xref: FMA:74632 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Gray1181.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Gray1181.png/200px-Gray1181.png xref: MA:0000855 xref: SCTID:245534008 xref: TAO:0001197 xref: VHOG:0001178 xref: ZFA:0001197 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002198 ! neurohypophysis relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006377 ! remnant of Rathke's pouch relationship: part_of UBERON:0002196 {source="FMA", source="ZFA"} ! adenohypophysis property_value: RO:0002161 NCBITaxon:8782 {source="ISBN10:0471888893"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. An infundibulum grows ventrally from the diencephalon of the brain, and Rathke's pouch extends dorsally from the roof of the developing mouth, or stomodaeum. The infundibulum remains connected to the floor of the diencephalon, which becomes the hypothalamus, and gives rise to the part of the gland known as the neurohypophysis. (...) Rathke's pouch loses its connection with the stomodaeum in most adult vertebrates and gives rise to the rest of the gland, the adenohypophysis. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001178", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.510 and Figure 15-5", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002433 name: pars tuberalis of adenohypophysis namespace: uberon def: "The pars tuberalis is part of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, and wraps the pituitary stalk in a highly vascularized sheath. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pars_tuberalis] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "pars infundibularis of adenohypophysis" EXACT [FMA:74631] synonym: "pars tuberalis" EXACT [MA:0000856] synonym: "pars tuberalis (glandula pituitaria)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74631, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars tuberalis adenohypophyseos" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pars_tuberalis] synonym: "pars tuberalis adenohypophysis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74631, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars tuberalis of anterior lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT [FMA:74631] xref: BTO:0001739 xref: EHDAA2:0001419 xref: EHDAA:8767 xref: EMAPA:17517 xref: FMA:74631 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Pituitary_gland_representation.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Pituitary_gland_representation.PNG/200px-Pituitary_gland_representation.PNG xref: MA:0000856 xref: TAO:0001196 xref: VHOG:0001114 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002196 ! adenohypophysis property_value: RO:0002161 NCBITaxon:7955 {source="ZFA:0001196"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. An infundibulum grows ventrally from the diencephalon of the brain, and Rathke's pouch extends dorsally from the roof of the developing mouth, or stomodaeum. The infundibulum remains connected to the floor of the diencephalon, which becomes the hypothalamus, and gives rise to the part of the gland known as the neurohypophysis. (...) Rathke's pouch loses its connection with the stomodaeum in most adult vertebrates and gives rise to the rest of the gland, the adenohypophysis. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001114", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.510 and Figure 15-5", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002434 name: pituitary stalk namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0003014 def: "The pituitary stalk (also known as the infundibular stalk or simply the infundibulum) is the connection between the hypothalamus and the posterior pituitary. It carries axons from the magnocellular neurosecretory cells of the hypothalamus down to the posterior pituitary where they release their hormones into the blood. This connection is called the hypothalamohypophyseal tract, and is responsible for the release of oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone[WP]." [Wikipedia:Pituitary_stalk] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "hypophyseal stalk" EXACT [MP:0009463] synonym: "hypophysial stalk" RELATED [ZFA:0001199] synonym: "infundibular stem" BROAD [MP:0009463] synonym: "infundibular stem of neurohypophysis" EXACT [FMA:74635] synonym: "infundibulum" EXACT [ZFA:0001199] synonym: "infundibulum" EXACT [MA:0000858, ZFA:0001199] synonym: "infundibulum (lobus posterior) (glandula pituitaria)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74635, FMA:TA] synonym: "infundibulum hypophysis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74635, FMA:TA] synonym: "infundibulum neurohypophyseos" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pituitary_stalk] synonym: "infundibulum of hypothalamus" RELATED [ZFA:0001199] synonym: "infundibulum of neurohypophysis" EXACT [FMA:74635] synonym: "infundibulum of pituitary gland" EXACT [FMA:74635] synonym: "infundibulum of posterior lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT [FMA:74635] synonym: "neurohypophysis infundibulum" EXACT [FMA:74635] synonym: "tuberal part of hypophysis" EXACT [FMA:74635] xref: BTO:0000768 xref: EHDAA2:0000828 xref: EHDAA:7538 xref: EMAPA:17520 xref: FMA:74635 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Pituitary_gland_representation.PNG xref: MA:0000858 xref: ncithesaurus:Pituitary_Stalk xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_912 xref: SCTID:245529009 xref: TAO:0001199 xref: UMLS:C0751440 xref: VHOG:0000245 xref: XAO:0004210 xref: ZFA:0001199 is_a: UBERON:0002784 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002198 ! neurohypophysis property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "A short stalk connecting the pituitary with the brain. Axons of secretory cells in the floor of the diencephalon traverse the infundibulum and terminate in the neurohypophysis.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001199", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. An infundibulum grows ventrally from the diencephalon of the brain, and Rathke's pouch extends dorsally from the roof of the developing mouth, or stomodaeum. The infundibulum remains connected to the floor of the diencephalon, which becomes the hypothalamus, and gives rise to the part of the gland known as the neurohypophysis. (...) Rathke's pouch loses its connection with the stomodaeum in most adult vertebrates and gives rise to the rest of the gland, the adenohypophysis. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000245", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.510 and Figure 15-5", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002435 name: striatum namespace: uberon def: "A region of the forebrain consisting of the caudate nucleus, putamen and fundus striati.[GO]." [GOC:jl, Wikipedia:Striatum] comment: AO notes: FMA divides striatum of neuraxis into 4, neostriatum is seperate class. In NIF these are synonyms. TODO - check striatum vs corpus striatum see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Striatum#History. Check caudoputamen subset: uberon_slim synonym: "corpus striatum" RELATED [MA:0000891] synonym: "neostriatum" EXACT [GO:0021756, Wikipedia:Striatum] synonym: "neuraxis striatum" EXACT [FMA:83683] synonym: "striate nucleus" EXACT [GO:0021756, Wikipedia:Striatum] synonym: "striatum of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:83683] xref: ABA:STR xref: BM:N xref: BTO:0000418 xref: EFO:0000109 xref: FMA:77618 xref: FMA:83683 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/BrainCaudatePutamen.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/BrainCaudatePutamen.svg/200px-BrainCaudatePutamen.svg.png xref: MA:0000891 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.105.487.550 xref: ncithesaurus:Striatum xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1672 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0011300 {is_inferred="true"} ! gray matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0000204 {source="GO"} ! ventral part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0000369 {source="BTO"} ! corpus striatum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002420 {source="NIF"} ! basal ganglion property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006514 {source="ABA"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "striatal" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0002436 name: primary visual cortex namespace: uberon def: "The term area 17 of Brodmann (human) refers to a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined occipital region of cerebral cortex in the human. Defined by the band of Gennari, which gives it the name striate (furrowed) area, it occupies the banks of the calcarine sulcus which are located in the cuneus and the lingual gyrus of the occipital lobe. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded by the area 18 of Brodmann (human) which surrounds it ( Brodmann-1909 ). In the mouse ( Paxinos-2001 ) and the rat ( Swanson-1998 ) it is located on the dorsolateral surface of the cerebral hemisphere[BrainInfo]." [BrainInfo:2102, Wikipedia:Visual_cortex] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "area 17 of brodmann" RELATED [Wikipedia:Visual_cortex] synonym: "area 17 of brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1748] synonym: "area striata" RELATED [] synonym: "b09-17" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1748] synonym: "BA17" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "BA17" RELATED [Wikipedia:Visual_cortex] synonym: "BA17" RELATED ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 17" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1748] synonym: "Brodmann area 17" EXACT [Wikipedia:Visual_cortex] synonym: "Brodmann area 17" RELATED [Wikipedia:Visual_cortex] synonym: "Brodmann area 17, striate" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1748] synonym: "calcarine cortex" RELATED [BrainInfo:2102] synonym: "occipital visual neocortex" RELATED [GEO:GSM336648] synonym: "striate cortex" EXACT [FMA:236871] synonym: "V1" RELATED [] synonym: "visual association area" RELATED [Wikipedia:Visual_cortex] synonym: "visual association cortex" RELATED [Wikipedia:Visual_cortex] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-V1 xref: BTO:0004703 xref: FMA:236871 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Brodmann_areas_17_18_19.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Brodmann_areas_17_18_19.png/200px-Brodmann_areas_17_18_19.png xref: MA:0000914 xref: ncithesaurus:Primary_Visual_Cortex xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1748 xref: SCTID:384772005 xref: UMLS:C0038446 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002021 ! occipital lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002437 name: cerebral white matter namespace: uberon def: "White matter that is part of a cerebral hemisphere." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Usage notes: sometimes the term 'cerebral white matter' may be used generically but here is refers specifically to the white matter in a hemisphere. AO notes: The BTO class is inconsistent as it is part of the brain and spinal cord. synonym: "cerebral hemisphere white matter" EXACT [] synonym: "hemisphere white matter" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0000236 xref: FMA:241998 xref: MA:0000945 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_White_Matter xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_711 xref: SCTID:361691006 xref: UMLS:C0152295 is_a: UBERON:0011299 {is_inferred="true"} ! white matter of telencephalon intersection_of: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0002438 name: ventral tegmental nucleus namespace: uberon comment: AO notes: ventral and anterior tegmental nucleus are synonyms in FMA, but we split these into seperate classes. This is consistent with MA, ABA and neuronames, which treat these as distinct (NN suggest the anterior is a rodent specific structure). Location notes: this is part of pons and brainstem in MA, but this leads to an inconsistency with ABA. We err on the side of safety, and exclude the relationship to the pons here. subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior tegmental nuclei" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:72435] synonym: "anterior tegmental nucleus" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:72435, http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=61761] synonym: "deep tegmental nucleus of Gudden" EXACT [FMA:72435] synonym: "nucleus of Gudden" RELATED [MA:0001031] synonym: "nucleus tegmentales anteriores" RELATED [FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus tegmentalis anterior" RELATED [FMA:TA] synonym: "rostral tegmental nucleus" RELATED [TAO:0000275] synonym: "ventral raphe tegmental nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72435] synonym: "ventral tegmental nuclei" EXACT [FMA:72435] synonym: "ventral tegmental nucleus (gudden)" EXACT [FMA:72435] synonym: "ventral tegmental nucleus of gudden" EXACT [FMA:72435] xref: ABA:VTN xref: FMA:72435 xref: MA:0001031 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1421 xref: SCTID:369244006 xref: TAO:0000275 xref: ZFA:0000275 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007414 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum disjoint_from: UBERON:0010036 ! anterior tegmental nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 {source="NIF"} ! midbrain tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002439 name: myenteric nerve plexus namespace: uberon def: "plexus of unmyelinated nerve fibers and postganglionic autonomic cell bodies lying in the muscular coat of the esophagus, stomach and intestines that communicate with the submucosal, subserosal and enteric plexuses[MP]. Part of the enteric nervous system, Auerbach's plexus (or myenteric plexus) exists between the longitudinal and circular layers of muscularis externa in the gastrointestinal tract and provides motor innervation to both layers and secretomotor innervation to the mucosa, having both parasympathetic and sympathetic input, whereas Meissner's plexus has only parasympathetic fibers. It arises from cells in the Nucleus ala cinerea, the parasympathetic nucleus of origin for the tenth cranial nerve, located in the medulla oblongata. The fibers are carried by both the anterior and posterior vagal nerves. It is found in the muscles of the esophagus, stomach, and intestine. The myenteric plexus is the major nerve supply to the gastrointestinal tract and control GI tract motility[WP]." [MP:0010801, Wikipedia:Auerbach's_plexus] comment: AO notes: note that FMA uses Meissner's plexus as a synonym, rather than separate class subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Auberbach plexus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100306] synonym: "Auberbach's plexus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100306] synonym: "Auberbachs plexus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100306] synonym: "Auerbach's plexus" EXACT [FMA:63252, HP:0002251] synonym: "Meissner's plexus" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:63252] synonym: "myenteric plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "plexus myentericus" RELATED [BTO:0002436] synonym: "plexus nervosus submucosus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:63252, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus submucosus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:63252, FMA:TA] synonym: "Remak's plexus" EXACT [FMA:63252] synonym: "submucous plexus" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0002436 xref: FMA:63252 xref: GAID:798 xref: MA:0001148 xref: MESH:A08.800.050.050.500 xref: ncithesaurus:Myenteric_Nerve_Plexus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100306 xref: SCTID:267716001 xref: UMLS:C0027028 is_a: UBERON:0000429 ! enteric plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0002440 name: inferior cervical ganglion namespace: uberon def: "The inferior cervical ganglion is situated between the base of the transverse process of the last cervical vertebra and the neck of the first rib, on the medial side of the costocervical artery. Its form is irregular; it is larger in size than the middle cervical ganglion, and is frequently fused with the first thoracic ganglion. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_cervical_ganglion] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ganglion cervicale inferioris" RELATED [BTO:0000240] synonym: "ganglion cervicale inferius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_cervical_ganglion] synonym: "stellate ganglion" RELATED [MA:0001154] synonym: "variant cervical ganglion" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000240 xref: EHDAA:8939 xref: EMAPA:18439 xref: FMA:6961 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Gray844.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Gray844.png/200px-Gray844.png xref: MA:0001154 xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Cervical_Ganglion xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000815 xref: SCTID:279280008 xref: UMLS:C0229000 is_a: UBERON:0001991 ! cervical ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002441 name: cervicothoracic ganglion namespace: uberon def: "The stellate ganglion (or cervicothoracic ganglion) is a sympathetic ganglion formed by the fusion of the inferior cervical ganglion and the first thoracic ganglion. Stellate ganglion is located at the level of C7, anterior to the transverse process of C7, posterior to the neck of the first rib, and just below the subclavian artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cervicothoracic_ganglion] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cervicothoracic sympathetic ganglion" EXACT [] synonym: "ganglion stellatum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6469, FMA:TA] synonym: "stellate ganglion" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001815 xref: EMAPA:18226 xref: FMA:6469 xref: GAID:711 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Gray845.png/200px-Gray845.png xref: MA:0001157 xref: MESH:A08.340.315.350.800 xref: SCTID:181101006 is_a: UBERON:0001991 ! cervical ganglion relationship: part_of UBERON:0001991 ! cervical ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002442 name: axillary nerve trunk namespace: uberon synonym: "circumflex nerve trunk" RELATED [MA:0001175] synonym: "right axillary neural trunk" EXACT [] synonym: "trunk of right axillary nerve" EXACT [FMA:65265] xref: FMA:65265 xref: MA:0001175 is_a: UBERON:0001147 ! trunk of peripheral nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0002464 name: nerve trunk namespace: uberon subset: vessel_or_tree synonym: "trunk of nerve" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000927 xref: EHDAA:4675 xref: EMAPA:16986 xref: FMA:5913 xref: MA:0002408 xref: SCTID:281248001 is_a: UBERON:0004732 {is_inferred="true"} ! segmental subdivision of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0002473 name: intercerebral commissure namespace: uberon def: "Class of unpaired telencephalic white matter structures consisting of fiber pathways which project across the midsagittal plane and which serve to interconnect telencephalic structures lying within the contralateral cerebral hemisphere[FMA]." [FMA:67930] synonym: "brain commissure" NARROW [] synonym: "interhemispheric commissure" RELATED [MA:0002721] xref: FMA:67930 xref: MA:0002721 is_a: UBERON:0001020 ! commissure is_a: UBERON:0005970 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain commissure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002437 ! cerebral white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002474 name: cerebellar peduncular complex namespace: uberon def: "A composite structure of the brain stem, which in NeuroNames is subdivided into the superior cerebellar peduncle of pons, the decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle and the superior cerebellar peduncle of midbrain (MM)[NIF]." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_970, Wikipedia:Cerebellar_peduncle] comment: todo - this requires work for making consistent with ABA, which strictly separates cerebellum from brainstem. in MA, cerebellar peduncle is part of both brainstem and cerebellar white matter. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cerebellar peduncles" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebellar peduncles and decussations" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_970] synonym: "cerebellar peduncles set" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebellum peduncles" EXACT [] synonym: "pedunculi cerebellares" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77791, FMA:TA] synonym: "set of cerebellar peduncles" RELATED [FMA:77791] xref: FMA:77791 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebellar_Peduncle xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_970 xref: UMLS:C0228515 is_a: UBERON:0002317 {source="NIF"} ! white matter of cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0002475 name: saphenous nerve namespace: uberon def: "The saphenous nerve (long or internal saphenous nerve) is the largest cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Saphenous_nerve] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nervus saphenus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Saphenous_nerve] xref: FMA:45262 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/Gray827.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Gray827.png/200px-Gray827.png xref: MA:0002761 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvY0kgpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181079005 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve is_a: UBERON:0003431 {is_inferred="true"} ! leg nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001267 ! femoral nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0002476 name: lateral globus pallidus namespace: uberon def: "The lateral globus pallidus (or external, GPe) receives a strong glutamatergic projection from the subthalamic nucleus. The two form a particular system: a coupled pacemaker. The axons of the external globus pallidum go essentially to the subthalamic nucleus. They go also to other elements of the basal ganglia system, the striatum, the substantia nigra pars reticulata, and the internal globus pallidus, where they release the neurotransmitter GABA. GPe is particular in comparison to the other elements of the set by the fact that it does not work as an output base of the basal ganglia (not sending axons to the thalamus) but as the main regulator of the basal ganglia system. It is sometimes used as a target for deep brain stimulation as a treatment for Parkinson's disease. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_globus_pallidus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "external globus pallidus" EXACT [] synonym: "external pallidum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1610] synonym: "external part of globus pallidus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1610] synonym: "globus pallidus external segment" EXACT [FMA:61839, MA:0002767, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1610] synonym: "globus pallidus externus" EXACT [] synonym: "globus pallidus lateral segment" RELATED [MA:0002767] synonym: "globus pallidus lateralis" EXACT [BTO:0002247] synonym: "globus pallidus, lateral segment" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral pallidal segment" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral pallidum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1610] synonym: "lateral part of globus pallidus" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral segment of globus pallidus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1610] synonym: "pallidum I" RELATED [BTO:0002247] synonym: "pallidus II" EXACT [FMA:61839] synonym: "pars lateralis globi pallidi medialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61839, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:GPe xref: BTO:0002247 xref: EHDAA2:0004462 xref: FMA:61839 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Brain_structure.gif xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Brain_structure.gif/200px-Brain_structure.gif xref: MA:0002767 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1610 xref: SCTID:361560008 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0005401 {is_inferred="true"} ! cerebral grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001875 ! globus pallidus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002477 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002477 name: medial globus pallidus namespace: uberon def: "The medial globus pallidus (or internal, GPi) is one of the output nuclei of the basal ganglia. The GABA-containing neurons send their axons to specific nuclei of the dorsal thalamus (VA and VL), to the centromedian complex and to the pedunculopontine complex. The efferent bundle is constituted first of the ansa and fasciculus lenticularis, then crosses the internal capsule as the Edinger's comb system then arrives at the laterosuperior corner of the subthalamic nucleus and constitutes the Forel's field H2, then H, and suddenly changes its direction to form H1 that goes to the inferior part of the thalamus. The distribution of axonal islands is widespread in the lateral region of the thalamus. The innervation of the central region is done by collaterals. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_globus_pallidus] comment: See also: endopeduncular nucleus subset: uberon_slim synonym: "entopeduncular nucleus" RELATED [MA:0002768] synonym: "entopeduncular nucleus (monakow)" EXACT [FMA:61840] synonym: "globus pallidus inernal segment" RELATED [MA:0002768] synonym: "globus pallidus interna" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "globus pallidus internal segment" EXACT [FMA:61840] synonym: "globus pallidus internus" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "globus pallidus internus" EXACT [FMA:61840] synonym: "globus pallidus medial segment" EXACT [FMA:61840] synonym: "globus pallidus medial segment" RELATED [MA:0002768] synonym: "globus pallidus medialis" EXACT [FMA:TA] synonym: "globus pallidus medialis" EXACT [BTO:0002248] synonym: "globus pallidus medialis" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "globus pallidus, medial segment" EXACT [FMA:61840] synonym: "internal globus pallidus" EXACT [FMA:61840] synonym: "internal pallidum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1555] synonym: "internal part of globus pallidus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1555] synonym: "medial pallidal segment" EXACT [FMA:61840] synonym: "medial part of globus pallidus" EXACT [FMA:61840] synonym: "medial segment of globus pallidus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1555] synonym: "mesial pallidum" EXACT [FMA:61840] synonym: "pallidum I" RELATED [] synonym: "pallidus I" EXACT [FMA:61840] synonym: "pallidus I" RELATED [] synonym: "pars medialis globi pallidi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61840, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:GPi xref: BTO:0002248 xref: FMA:61840 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Brain_structure.gif xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Brain_structure.gif/200px-Brain_structure.gif xref: MA:0002768 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1555 xref: SCTID:361562000 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0005401 {is_inferred="true"} ! cerebral grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001875 {source="MA"} ! globus pallidus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002476 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002479 name: dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The main division of the lateral geniculate body; consists of two magnocellular layers [TA] (strata magnocellularia [TA]) and four parvocellular layers [TA] (strata parvocellularia [TA]) and serves as a processing station in the major pathway from the retina to the cerebral cortex, receiving fibers from the optic tract and giving rise to the geniculocalcarine radiation to the visual cortex in the occipital lobe." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=61422] synonym: "dorsal nucleus of lateral geniculate body" RELATED [MA:0002775] synonym: "lateral geniculate complex, dorsal part" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus dorsalis corporis geniculati lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62214, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus geniculatus lateralis pars dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1595] xref: ABA:LGd xref: BM:GLd xref: FMA:62214 xref: MA:0002775 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1595 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001926 ! lateral geniculate body property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001927 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002480 name: ventral lateral geniculate nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "corpus geniculatum externum, nucleus accessorius" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597] synonym: "corpus geniculatum laterale, pars oralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597] synonym: "dorsal_nucleus_of_lateral_geniculate_body" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597] synonym: "griseum praegeniculatum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597] synonym: "lateral geniculate complex, ventral part" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral geniculate complex, ventral part (kolliker)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597] synonym: "lateral geniculate nucleus, ventral part" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597] synonym: "nucleus corporis geniculati lateralis, pars ventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597] synonym: "nucleus praegeniculatus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597] synonym: "nucleus pregeniculatum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597] synonym: "nucleus pregeniculatus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62215, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus ventralis corporis geniculati lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62215, FMA:TA] synonym: "praegeniculatum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597] synonym: "pregeniculate nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral nucleus of lateral geniculate body" RELATED [MA:0002776] synonym: "ventral part of the lateral geniculate complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597] xref: ABA:LGv xref: BM:LGv xref: FMA:62215 xref: MA:0002776 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001926 ! lateral geniculate body [Term] id: UBERON:0002536 name: arthropod sensillum namespace: uberon def: "Sense organ embedded in the integument and consisting of one or a cluster of sensory neurons and associated sensory structures, support cells and glial cells forming a single organised unit with a largely bona-fide boundary.[FBbt]" [FBbt:00007152, Wikipedia:Sensillum] comment: Editor notes: this term should be ceded to the arthropod anatomy ontology subset: uberon_slim synonym: "sensillum" EXACT [FBbt:00007152, HAO:0000933] xref: BTO:0001237 xref: EFO:0000939 xref: FBbt:00007152 xref: HAO:0000933 xref: MAT:0000163 xref: MIAA:0000163 xref: TGMA:0000540 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0002540 name: lateral line system namespace: uberon def: "a line of neuroblasts along the sides of fish and amphibia that detect vibrations and pressure changes." [ISBN:0471209627, ISBN:0815318960, Wikipedia:Lateral_line_system] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lateral line organs" RELATED [VHOG:0001243] synonym: "lateral line stitches" RELATED [] synonym: "lateral-line organs" RELATED [] synonym: "ll" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000269 xref: AAO:0000975 xref: EFO:0000941 xref: MAT:0000249 xref: MIAA:0000249 xref: TAO:0000034 xref: VHOG:0001243 xref: XAO:0000095 xref: ZFA:0000034 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system property_value: RO:0002161 NCBITaxon:32524 {source="http://tolweb.org/Amniota"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000034", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Sensory system which develops from a specialized series of dorsolateral ectodermal placodes named lateral line placodes.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000975", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: is_formed_by lateral line receptor organ (AAO:0001001)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000975", ontology="AAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The mechanosensory lateral line system is widely distributed in aquatic anamniotes. It was apparently present in the earliest vertebrates, as it has been identified in agnathans, cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, lungfishes, the crossopterygian Latimeria, and aquatic amphibians.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001243", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB and Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.195", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002549 name: ventral trigeminal tract namespace: uberon def: "The ventral trigeminothalamic tract serves as pain, temperature, and light touch pathway from the face, head and neck. It receives input from trigeminal nerve, facial nerve, glossopharyngeal nerve and vagus nerve. It receives discriminative tactile and pressure input from the contralateral principal sensory nucleus of CN V, which terminates in the ventral posteromedial nucleus of the thalamus. It then ascends to the contralateral sensory cortex via three neurons . [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_trigeminal_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior trigeminothalamic tract" EXACT [FMA:72506] synonym: "tractus trigeminothalamicus anterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72506, FMA:TA] synonym: "trigeminal lemniscus-2" EXACT [FMA:72506] synonym: "ventral crossed tract" EXACT [FMA:72506] synonym: "ventral secondary ascending tract of v" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral trigeminal pathway" EXACT [FMA:72506] synonym: "ventral trigeminothalamic tract" EXACT [FMA:72506] xref: FMA:72506 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1001 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002550 name: anterior hypothalamic region namespace: uberon synonym: "chiasmal zone" EXACT [FMA:62027] xref: FMA:62027 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1005 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0002551 name: interstitial nucleus of cajal namespace: uberon synonym: "interstitial nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72432] synonym: "interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:72432] synonym: "interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus (crosby)" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus interstitialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72432, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:INC xref: BM:MB-ICA xref: FMA:72432 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1008 xref: SCTID:369251002 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007414 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002044 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002552 name: vestibulocerebellar tract namespace: uberon def: "The vestibulocerebellar tract is a tract in the pontine tegmentum which connects the vestibular nerve and the cerebellar cortex. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vestibulocerebellar_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "vestibulocerebellar fibers" EXACT [FMA:72508] xref: FMA:72508 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1009 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 ! pontine tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002554 name: regional part of superior colliculus namespace: uberon def: "A multi-tissue structure that is part of a superior colliculus." [OBOL:automatic] subset: inherited_grouping_class subset: non_informative synonym: "segment of superior colliculus" RELATED [FMA:85592] synonym: "superior colliculus segment" RELATED [FMA:85592] xref: FMA:85592 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1014 is_a: UBERON:0002966 ! regional part of midbrain tectum [Term] id: UBERON:0002555 name: intermediate hypothalamic region namespace: uberon def: "." [Wikipedia:Pituitary_gland#Intermediate_lobe] comment: See notes for pars intermedia of adenohypophysis synonym: "area hypothalamica intermedia" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62028, FMA:TA] synonym: "intermediate hypothalamic area" EXACT [FMA:62028] synonym: "intermediate hypothalamus" RELATED [TAO:0006000] xref: FMA:62028 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1015 xref: TAO:0006000 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Brain structure that lies perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the embryonic neural tube, is continuous with the rostral hypothalamic proliferation and whose most lateral extent is deflected dorsally within the inferior lobe.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0006000", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-001018-1", source="ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-020730-6", source="ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-081114-19"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002556 name: corticotectal tract namespace: uberon synonym: "corticotectal fibers" EXACT [FMA:72419] synonym: "corticotectal fibres" EXACT [FMA:72419] synonym: "fibrae corticotectales" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72419, FMA:TA] xref: BM:CTT xref: FMA:72419 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1016 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002557 name: linear nucleus namespace: uberon xref: FMA:72436 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1018 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007414 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002559 name: medullary reticular formation namespace: uberon def: "The reticular formation is a series of brain nuclei located in the medulla oblongata" [GO:0021723] comment: note that ZFA:0000421 is part of the the medulla oblongata, so it is placed here, rather than with the generic term subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "bulb reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulbar reticular formation" EXACT [FMA:72241] synonym: "medulla oblongata reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblonmgata reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medullary reticular nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001049] synonym: "metepencephalon reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation" BROAD [ZFA:0000421] synonym: "reticular formation of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla" EXACT [FMA:72241] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rhombencephalic reticular formation" EXACT [GO:0021723] xref: ABA:MDRN xref: BM:Me-MeRF xref: FMA:72241 xref: GAID:588 xref: MA:0001049 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1020 xref: SCTID:369059009 xref: TAO:0000421 xref: ZFA:0000421 is_a: UBERON:0002275 {source="FMA"} ! reticular formation is_a: UBERON:0002678 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of medulla oblongata intersection_of: UBERON:0002275 ! reticular formation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="FMA"} ! medulla oblongata property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002560 name: temporal operculum namespace: uberon synonym: "facies supratemporalis" EXACT [FMA:74891] synonym: "operculum temporale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Operculum_%28brain%29] xref: FMA:74891 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1025 xref: SCTID:369222001 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0010262 ! operculum of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002561 name: neuraxis cavity namespace: uberon def: "The cavity that is enclosed by the central nervous system. In vertebrates this is the cavity that includes as parts ventricular cavities and the central canal of the spinal cord that develops from the lumen of the neura tube" [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "cavity of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:75007] synonym: "cavity of ventricular system of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:75007] synonym: "neuraxis cavity" EXACT [FMA:75007] synonym: "neuraxis lumen" EXACT [] xref: FMA:75007 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1029 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0002563 name: central nucleus of inferior colliculus namespace: uberon synonym: "chief nucleus of inferior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72413] synonym: "inferior colliculus, central nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72413] synonym: "nucleus of inferior colliculus (crosby)" EXACT [] xref: ABA:ICc xref: BM:MB-Tec-ICC xref: FMA:72413 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1035 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002917 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of inferior colliculus is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0011214 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of midbrain tectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001946 ! inferior colliculus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002571 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002564 name: lateral orbital gyrus namespace: uberon xref: FMA:62418 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1036 xref: SCTID:279195001 is_a: UBERON:0007193 ! orbital gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0002565 name: olivary pretectal nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The pretectum, also known as the pretectal area, is a region of neurons found between the thalamus and midbrain. It receives binocular sensory input from retinal ganglion cells of the eyes, and is the region responsible for maintaining the pupillary light reflex. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Olivary_pretectal_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior pretectal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72405] synonym: "nucleus pretectalis anterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72405, FMA:TA] synonym: "olivary nucleus of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72405] synonym: "pretectal olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72405] xref: ABA:OP xref: BM:MB-Tec-OPT xref: FMA:72405 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1037 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003047 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of pretectal region is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0011214 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of midbrain tectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001944 ! pretectal region property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002711 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002996 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006848 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002567 name: basal part of pons namespace: uberon synonym: "basal portion of pons" EXACT [FMA:72244] synonym: "base of pons" EXACT [FMA:72244] synonym: "basilar part of pons" EXACT [FMA:72244] synonym: "pars basilaris pontis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72244, FMA:TA] synonym: "pons proper" EXACT [FMA:72244] synonym: "ventral portion of pons" EXACT [FMA:72244] xref: FMA:72244 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1043 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: has_part UBERON:0002152 ! middle cerebellar peduncle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons [Term] id: UBERON:0002568 name: amiculum of dentate nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "dentate nuclear amiculum" EXACT [FMA:72546] xref: FMA:72546 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1044 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002132 ! dentate nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002570 name: medial orbital gyrus namespace: uberon xref: FMA:62419 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1046 xref: SCTID:279194002 is_a: UBERON:0007193 ! orbital gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0002571 name: external nucleus of inferior colliculus namespace: uberon xref: ABA:ICe xref: BM:MB-Tec-ICX xref: FMA:72412 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1047 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002917 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of inferior colliculus is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0011214 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of midbrain tectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001946 ! inferior colliculus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002563 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002572 name: principal pretectal nucleus namespace: uberon xref: FMA:72402 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1048 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003047 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of pretectal region is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0011214 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of midbrain tectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001944 ! pretectal region [Term] id: UBERON:0002573 name: pontine reticular formation namespace: uberon def: "The reticular formation is a part of the brain that is involved in actions such as awaking/sleeping cycle, and filtering incoming stimuli to discriminate irrelevant background stimuli. It is essential for governing some of the basic functions of higher organisms, and is one of the phylogenetically oldest portions of the brain. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pontine_reticular_formation] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pons of varolius reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pons reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pontine reticular nucleus" EXACT [ABA:PRNr] synonym: "reticular formation of pons" EXACT [FMA:68876] synonym: "reticular formation of pons of varolius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: ABA:PRNr xref: BM:Pons-PRF xref: FMA:68876 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Gray701.png/200px-Gray701.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1050 xref: SCTID:362403007 is_a: UBERON:0002275 {source="FMA"} ! reticular formation is_a: UBERON:0002680 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of metencephalon intersection_of: UBERON:0002275 ! reticular formation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 {source="FMA"} ! pontine tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002574 name: regional part of inferior olivary complex namespace: uberon def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a inferior olivary complex [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "inferior olivary complex segment" EXACT [FMA:71259] synonym: "segment of inferior olivary complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1052] xref: FMA:71259 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1052 is_a: UBERON:0002678 ! regional part of medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002575 name: posterior orbital gyrus namespace: uberon xref: FMA:80184 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1054 xref: SCTID:279197009 is_a: UBERON:0007193 ! orbital gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0002576 name: temporal pole namespace: uberon def: "The anterior end of the hemisphere is named the frontal pole. The posterior end is named the occipital pole. The anterior end of the temporal lobe, the temporal pole. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Temporal_pole] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "polus temporalis" EXACT [NeuroNames:126] xref: FMA:74890 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Human_brain_lateral_view_description.JPG/200px-Human_brain_lateral_view_description.JPG xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1055 xref: SCTID:314155002 intersection_of: UBERON:0009899 ! pole of cerebral hemisphere intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002577 name: pericentral nucleus of inferior colliculus namespace: uberon synonym: "cortex of inferior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72411] xref: BM:MB-Tec-ICP xref: FMA:72411 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1056 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002917 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of inferior colliculus is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0011214 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of midbrain tectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001946 ! inferior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0002578 name: sublentiform nucleus namespace: uberon xref: FMA:72404 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1057 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003047 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of pretectal region is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0011214 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of midbrain tectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001944 ! pretectal region [Term] id: UBERON:0002579 name: regional part of medullary reticular formation namespace: uberon def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a medullary reticular formation [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "medullary reticular formation segment" EXACT [FMA:73730] synonym: "segment of medullary reticular formation" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1060] xref: FMA:73730 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1060 is_a: UBERON:0002678 ! regional part of medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002580 name: brachium of superior colliculus namespace: uberon def: "The brachium of superior colliculus (or superior brachium) extends lateralward from the superior colliculus, and, passing between the pulvinar and medial geniculate body, is partly continued into an eminence called the lateral geniculate body, and partly into the optic tract. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Brachium_of_superior_colliculus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "brachium colliculi superioris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Brachium_of_superior_colliculus] synonym: "superior brachium" EXACT [FMA:72417] synonym: "superior collicular brachium" EXACT [FMA:72417] synonym: "superior colliculus brachium" EXACT [FMA:72417] synonym: "superior quadrigeminal brachium" EXACT [FMA:72417] xref: BM:MB-BSC xref: FMA:72417 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Human_brainstem-thalamus_posterior_view_description.JPG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Human_brainstem-thalamus_posterior_view_description.JPG/200px-Human_brainstem-thalamus_posterior_view_description.JPG xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1065 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0006786 {is_inferred="true"} ! white matter of superior colliculus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0002581 name: postcentral gyrus namespace: uberon def: "The lateral postcentral gyrus is a prominent structure in the parietal lobe of the human brain and an important landmark. It was initially defined from surface stimulation studies of Penfield, and parallel surface potential studies of Bard, Woolsey, and Marshall. Although initially defined to be roughly the same as Brodmann areas 3, 1 and 2, more recent work by Kaas has suggested that for homogeny with other sensory fields only area 3 should be referred to as 'primary somatosensory cortex', as it received the bulk of the thalamocortical projection from the sensory input fields. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Postcentral_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "postcentral convolution" EXACT [FMA:61896] synonym: "posterior central gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61896] synonym: "postrolandic gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61896] xref: BTO:0004354 xref: EFO:0001383 xref: FMA:61896 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Postcentral_gyrus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Postcentral_gyrus.png/200px-Postcentral_gyrus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Postcentral_Gyrus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1070 xref: SCTID:279167001 xref: UMLS:C0152302 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001872 ! parietal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002583 name: commissure of superior colliculus namespace: uberon def: "A commissure that is part of a superior colliculus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior colliculus commissure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anterior corpus quadrigeminum commissure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "commissure of anterior colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "commissure of anterior corpus quadrigeminum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "commissure of cranial colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "commissure of optic tectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "commissure of superior colliculi" EXACT [FMA:72418] synonym: "cranial colliculus commissure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intertectal commissure" EXACT SENSU [ZFA:0000684] synonym: "optic tectum commissure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "superior colliculus commissure" EXACT [FMA:72418] xref: BM:MB-Tec-SC-SCX xref: FMA:72418 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1073 xref: SCTID:369258008 xref: TAO:0000684 xref: ZFA:0000684 is_a: UBERON:0001020 ! commissure is_a: UBERON:0005970 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain commissure intersection_of: UBERON:0001020 ! commissure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0002584 name: regional part of vestibular nuclear complex namespace: uberon def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a vestibular nuclear complex [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "segment of vestibular nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1080] synonym: "vestibular nuclear complex segment" EXACT [FMA:71267] xref: FMA:71267 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1080 is_a: UBERON:0002678 ! regional part of medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002585 name: central tegmental tract of midbrain namespace: uberon xref: FMA:72456 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1081 xref: SCTID:369243000 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002587 name: nucleus subceruleus namespace: uberon synonym: "nucleus subcaeruleus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72479, FMA:TA] synonym: "subcaerulean nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72479] synonym: "subceruleus nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "subcoeruleus nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:SLC xref: FMA:72479 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1088 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002047 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002148 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002267 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003004 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002588 name: decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0003032 def: "Regional part of superior cerebellar peduncle located in the caudal midbrain, at the level of the inferior colliculus, consisting of a large bundle of fibers crossing the midline. It contains fibers projecting from the deep cerebellar nucleus to the midbrain and thalamus through the superior cerebellar peduncle (MM). The decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle is the portion of the superior cerebellar peduncle which crosses into the midbrain. [WP,unvetted]." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1089, Wikipedia:Decussation_of_superior_cerebellar_peduncle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "decussatio pedunculorum cerebellarium superiorum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72455, FMA:TA] synonym: "decussation of brachium conjunctivum" EXACT [FMA:72455] synonym: "decussation of superior cerebellar peduncles" EXACT [FMA:72455] synonym: "superior cerebellar peduncle decussation" EXACT [FMA:72455] synonym: "Wernekink's decussation" EXACT [FMA:72455] xref: BM:BCX xref: FMA:72455 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Gray711.png/200px-Gray711.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1089 xref: SCTID:369252009 is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0007418 ! decussation of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 {source="FMA"} ! midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002150 ! superior cerebellar peduncle [Term] id: UBERON:0002589 name: lateral corticospinal tract namespace: uberon def: "The lateral corticospinal tract (also called the crossed pyramidal tract or lateral cerebrospinal fasciculus) is the largest part of the corticospinal tract. It extends throughout the entire length of the medulla spinalis, and on transverse section appears as an oval area in front of the posterior column and medial to the posterior spinocerebellar tract. Its fibres arise from cells in the motor area of the cerebral hemisphere of the opposite side. They pass downward in company with those of the anterior corticospinal tract through the same side of the brain as that from which they originate, but they cross to the opposite side in the medulla oblongata and descend in the lateral funiculus of the medulla spinalis. The lateral corticospinal tract controls movement of contralateral limbs. Control of more central axial and girdle muscles comes from the anterior corticospinal tract. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_corticospinal_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lateral pyramidal tract" EXACT [FMA:72635] synonym: "tractus corticospinalis lateralis, fasciculus cerebrospinalis lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_corticospinal_tract] xref: FMA:72635 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Spinal_cord_tracts_-_English.svg xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1095 xref: SCTID:369091005 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002591 name: oral part of spinal trigeminal nucleus namespace: uberon xref: ABA:SPVO xref: FMA:235322 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1100 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001717 ! spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002126 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002162 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002610 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002864 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002866 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002873 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007633 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002592 name: juxtarestiform body namespace: uberon def: "The juxtarestiform body is a subdivision of the inferior cerebellar peduncle, which comprises both the juxtarestiform and restiform bodies. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Juxtarestiform_body] subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:72613 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Gray677.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1101 xref: SCTID:110687007 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002593 name: orbital operculum namespace: uberon xref: FMA:74887 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1102 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0010262 ! operculum of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002594 name: dentatothalamic tract namespace: uberon def: "The dentatothalamic tract (or dentatorubrothalamic tract) is a tract which connects the dentate nucleus and the thalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dentatothalamic_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dentatothalamic fibers" EXACT [FMA:72462] synonym: "tractus dentatothalamicus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dentatothalamic_tract] xref: FMA:72462 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1104 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002596 name: ventral posterior nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The ventral posterior nucleus is the somato-sensory relay nucleus in thalamus of the brain. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_posterior_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus ventrales posteriores" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1116] synonym: "nucleus ventralis posterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1116] synonym: "ventral posterior thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62187] synonym: "ventrobasal complex" EXACT [FMA:62187] synonym: "ventrobasal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62187] xref: BM:Die-Th-VPI xref: BTO:0004373 xref: BTO:0004374 xref: EV:0100209 xref: FMA:62187 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1116 xref: SCTID:279147005 is_a: UBERON:0002308 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0007692 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002776 {source="FMA"} ! ventral nuclear group [Term] id: UBERON:0002597 name: principal sensory nucleus of trigeminal nerve namespace: uberon def: "The principal sensory nucleus (or chief sensory nucleus of V) is a group of second order neurons which have cell bodies in the dorsal Pons. It receives information about discriminative sensation and light touch of the face as well as conscious proprioception of the jaw via first order neurons of CN V. Most of the sensory information crosses the midline and travels to the contralateral ventral posteriomedial (VPM) of the thalamus via the Ventral Trigeminothalamic Tract, but information of the oral cavity travels to the ipsilateral Ventral Posteriomedial (VPM) of the thalamus via the Dorsal Trigeminothalamic Tract. [WP,unvetted]." [GO:0021730, Wikipedia:Chief_sensory_nucleus] comment: GO has pontine nucleus as a child of trigeminal sensory nucleus, WP says this is a synonym, but we have a separate class for this - UBERON:0002151 subset: uberon_slim synonym: "chief sensory nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54533] synonym: "main sensory nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54533] synonym: "main sensory nucleus of cranial nerve v" EXACT [] synonym: "pontine nucleus" RELATED INCONSISTENT [GO:0021740, Wikipedia:Trigeminal_nuclei] synonym: "principal sensory nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "principal sensory nucleus of trigeminal nerve" EXACT [FMA:54533] synonym: "principal sensory trigeminal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54533] synonym: "principal trigeminal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54533] synonym: "superior trigeminal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54533] synonym: "superior trigeminal sensory nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54533] synonym: "trigeminal nerve superior sensory nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54533] synonym: "trigeminal V chief sensory nucleus" EXACT [MA:0002740] synonym: "trigeminal V principal sensory nucleus" EXACT [MA:0002740] xref: ABA:PSV xref: BM:VP xref: EHDAA2:0004628 xref: EV:0100274 xref: FMA:54533 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray696.png/200px-Gray696.png xref: MA:0002740 xref: ncithesaurus:Principal_Sensory_Nucleus_of_the_Trigeminal_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1120 xref: SCTID:369031008 xref: UMLS:C0228701 is_a: UBERON:0002680 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0004132 {source="MA"} ! trigeminal sensory nucleus is_a: UBERON:0006331 {is_inferred="true"} ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 {source="NIF"} ! pontine tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002128 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006840 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007634 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002599 name: medial olfactory gyrus namespace: uberon xref: FMA:74509 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1127 xref: SCTID:369103002 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus disjoint_from: UBERON:0010010 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! basal nucleus of telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0002600 name: limbic lobe namespace: uberon def: "The limbic lobe (also known as the Cingulate) is a portion of the brain associated with functions such as olfaction and emotion. It contains parts of other lobes, including the frontal, parietal, and temporal. Its main components are the fornicate gyrus, the hippocampus, and the amygdala It is related to the term limbic system, but unlike that term, 'limbic lobe' is a part of the Terminologia Anatomica, and there is less disagreement over what is included in the 'limbic lobe' than there is over what is included in the 'limbic system'. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Limbic_lobe] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fornicate gyrus" EXACT [FMA:72719] synonym: "grande lobe limbique of broca" EXACT [] synonym: "limbic lobe (carpenter)" EXACT [] synonym: "lobus limbicus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Limbic_lobe] xref: FMA:72719 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Human_brain_inferior-medial_view_description.JPG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Human_brain_inferior-medial_view_description.JPG/200px-Human_brain_inferior-medial_view_description.JPG xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1128 xref: SCTID:279215006 is_a: UBERON:0003022 ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002601 name: fasciolar gyrus namespace: uberon def: "a small paired band that passes around the splenium of the corpus callosum from the lateral longitudinal stria to the dentate gyrus[Biology-Online]. A posterior and upward extension of the dentate gyrus, forming a transitional area between the dentate gyrus and the indusium griseum[BTO]." [BTO:0002497, http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Fasciolar_gyrus] comment: TODO - existing definitions, synonyms and relationships in existing AOs seem contradictory; to be resolved. We take the dentate gyrus relationship from BTO, and it is also implied by the FMA synonym. However, FMA says archiortex (embryonic archicortex corresponds to the cortex of the dentate gyrus and hippocampus) and NIF says limbic lobe (which is more general than hippocampus). ABA xref made on basis of BTO related synonym synonym: "fasciola cinerea" RELATED [BTO:0002497] synonym: "gyrus fasciolaris" RELATED [BTO:0002497] synonym: "retrosplenial gyrus of hippocampus" EXACT [FMA:61921] xref: ABA:FC xref: BTO:0002497 xref: FMA:61921 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1129 xref: SCTID:279210001 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001885 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001954 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002602 name: emboliform nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The emboliform nucleus lies immediately to the medial side of the nucleus dentatus, and partly covering its hilus. It is one among the four pairs of cerebellar nuclei, which are from lateral to medial: the dentate, interposed (emboliform and globose), and fastigial nuclei. These nuclei can be seen using the Weigert method staining. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Emboliform_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior interposed nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72538] synonym: "anterior interpositus nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72538] synonym: "nucleus emboliformis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Emboliform_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus interpositus anterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72538, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:72538 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Gray707.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1135 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0008995 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of cerebellar nuclear complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002130 ! cerebellar nuclear complex [Term] id: UBERON:0002603 name: paraterminal gyrus namespace: uberon def: "The paraterminal gyrus (subcallosal gyrus, peduncle of the corpus callosum) is a narrow lamina on the medial surface of the hemisphere in front of the lamina terminalis, behind the parolfactory area, and below the rostrum of the corpus callosum. It is continuous around the genu of the corpus callosum with the supracallosal gyrus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Paraterminal_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus paraterminalis, gyrus subcallosus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Paraterminal_gyrus] synonym: "precommissural hippocampus" EXACT [FMA:61919] synonym: "subcallosal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61919] xref: FMA:61919 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray732.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray732.png/200px-Gray732.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1138 is_a: UBERON:0002665 ! supracallosal gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0002604 name: ventral nucleus of lateral lemniscus namespace: uberon def: "The lateral lemniscus is a tract of axons in the brainstem that carries information about sound from the cochlear nucleus to various brainstem nuclei and ultimately the contralateral inferior colliculus of the midbrain. Three distinct, primarily inhibitory, cellular groups are located interspersed within these fibers, and are thus named the nuclei of the lateral lemniscus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_nucleus_of_the_lateral_lemniscus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior nucleus of lateral lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72484] synonym: "nucleus anterior lemnisci lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72484, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus of the lateral lemniscus, ventral part" EXACT [ABA:NLLv] synonym: "ventral nucleus of the lateral lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72484] xref: ABA:NLLv xref: BM:LLV xref: FMA:72484 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Lateral_lemniscus.PNG/200px-Lateral_lemniscus.PNG xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1140 is_a: UBERON:0002680 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 {is_inferred="true"} ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0006840 ! nucleus of lateral lemniscus is_a: UBERON:0009662 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 {source="FMA", source="NIF"} ! pontine tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002605 name: precentral operculum namespace: uberon xref: FMA:74888 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1141 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0010262 ! operculum of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002606 name: neuropil namespace: uberon def: "A dense intricate feltwork of interwoven fine glial processes, fibrils, synaptic terminals, axons, and dendrites interspersed among the nerve cells of the central nervous system[MESH]" [MESH:A08.637.500, Wikipedia:Neuropil] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "neuropilus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Neuropil] xref: FBbt:00005139 xref: FMA:261269 xref: GAID:740 xref: MESH:A08.637.500 xref: ncithesaurus:Neuropil xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1142 xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao205380252 xref: SCTID:67146008 xref: UMLS:C0228081 is_a: UBERON:0011215 {is_inferred="true"} ! cell part cluster of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 {source="FBbt"} ! central nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0002608 name: caudal part of ventral lateral nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "dorsal part of ventral lateral posterior nucleus (jones)" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus dorsooralis (van buren)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1144] synonym: "nucleus lateralis intermedius mediodorsalis situs dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1144] synonym: "nucleus ventralis lateralis, pars caudalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1144] synonym: "ventral lateral nucleus, caudal part" EXACT [FMA:62194] synonym: "ventral lateral thalamic nucleus, caudal part" EXACT [FMA:62194] xref: FMA:62194 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1144 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001925 ! ventral lateral nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002609 name: spinothalamic tract of midbrain namespace: uberon xref: FMA:72463 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1150 xref: SCTID:369090006 is_a: UBERON:0007702 {source="FMA"} ! tract of brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0007703 ! spinothalamic tract [Term] id: UBERON:0002610 name: cochlear nuclear complex namespace: uberon def: "The cochlear nuclei consist of: (a) the dorsal cochlear nucleus, corresponding to the tuberculum acusticum on the dorso-lateral surface of the inferior peduncle; and (b) the ventral or accessory cochlear nucleus, placed between the two divisions of the nerve, on the ventral aspect of the inferior peduncle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cochlear_nuclei] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cochlear nuclei" EXACT [FMA:72240] synonym: "nuclei cochleares" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cochlear_nuclei] xref: ABA:CN xref: BM:Me-Co xref: EV:0100260 xref: FMA:72240 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Gray691.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray691.png/200px-Gray691.png xref: ncithesaurus:Cochlear_Nuclei xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1151 xref: UMLS:C0152411 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002126 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002162 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002591 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002864 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002866 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002873 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007633 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002613 name: globose nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The globose nucleus is one of the deep cerebellar nuclei. It is located medial to the emboliform nucleus and lateral to the fastigial nucleus. This nucleus contains primarily large and small multipolar neurons. The globose nucleus and emboliform nucleus are occasionally referred to collectively as the interposed nucleus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Globose_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus globosus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Globose_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus interpositus posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72536, FMA:TA] synonym: "posterior interposed nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72536] synonym: "posterior interpositus nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72536] xref: FMA:72536 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Gray707.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1158 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0008995 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of cerebellar nuclear complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002130 ! cerebellar nuclear complex [Term] id: UBERON:0002614 name: medial part of ventral lateral nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "nucleus ventralis lateralis thalami, pars medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1159] synonym: "nucleus ventrooralis medialis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1159] synonym: "ventral lateral nucleus, medial part" EXACT [FMA:62195] synonym: "ventral medial nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62195] synonym: "ventral medial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1159] xref: ABA:VM xref: BM:Die-Th-VM xref: FMA:62195 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1159 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001925 ! ventral lateral nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002615 name: ventral tegmental decussation namespace: uberon synonym: "anterior tegmental decussation" EXACT [FMA:72452] synonym: "decussatio tegmentalis anterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72452, FMA:TA] synonym: "decussation of forel" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral tegmental decussation of forel" EXACT [] xref: FMA:72452 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1163 xref: SCTID:369249001 is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0007418 ! decussation of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002616 name: regional part of brain namespace: uberon def: "A multi-tissue structure that is part of a brain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain part" EXACT [] synonym: "neuraxis segment" EXACT [FMA:55676] synonym: "segment of brain" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1167] xref: FMA:55676 xref: ncithesaurus:Brain_Part xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1167 xref: SCTID:384763002 xref: UMLS:C0445620 is_a: UBERON:0000073 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0002617 name: pars postrema of ventral lateral nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "nucleus dorsointermedius externus magnocellularis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1170] synonym: "nucleus lateralis intermedius mediodorsalis situs postremus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1170] synonym: "nucleus ventralis lateralis thalami, pars postrema" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1170] synonym: "posterodorsal part of ventral lateral posterior nucleus (jones)" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral lateral nucleus (pars postrema)" EXACT [FMA:62196] xref: FMA:62196 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1170 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001925 ! ventral lateral nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002619 name: regional part of cerebral cortex namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0003208 def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a cerebral cortex [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: todo - check MA term subset: non_informative synonym: "cerebral cortex part" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebral cortex region" RELATED [MA:0000187] synonym: "neocortex region" EXACT [MA:0000187] synonym: "region of cerebral cortex" EXACT [FMA:242193] synonym: "segment of cerebral cortex" NARROW [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1173] xref: FMA:242193 xref: MA:0000187 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1173 xref: SCTID:119408004 is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0002621 name: regional part of cochlear nuclear complex namespace: uberon def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a cochlear nuclear complex [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "cochlear nuclear complex segment" EXACT [FMA:83952] synonym: "segment of cochlear nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1195] xref: FMA:83952 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1195 is_a: UBERON:0002678 ! regional part of medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002622 name: preoptic periventricular nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The preoptic periventricular nucleus is located along the midline and is medial to the medial preoptic nucleus.[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Preoptic_area#Preoptic_periventricular_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus preopticus periventricularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62324, FMA:TA] synonym: "periventricular preoptic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62324] synonym: "preoptic periventricular hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62324] xref: FMA:62324 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1201 xref: SCTID:369127000 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0007251 {is_inferred="true"} ! preoptic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001928 ! preoptic area [Term] id: UBERON:0002623 name: cerebral peduncle namespace: uberon def: "The cerebral peduncle, by most classifications, is everything in the mesencephalon except the tectum. The region includes the midbrain tegmentum, crus cerebri, substantia nigra and pretectum. By this definition, the cerebral peduncles are also known as the basis pedunculi, while the large ventral bundle of efferent fibers is referred to as the crus cerebri or the pes pedunculi There are numerous nerve tracts located within this section of the brainstem. Of note, in the cerebral peduncular loop fibers from motor areas of the brain project to the cerebral peduncle and then project to various thalamic nuclei. In as much as the peduncles are an anatomic landmark, for details regarding the function of this area interested readers are referred to the individual referenced articles. On a broad scale, though, this area contains many nerve tracts conveying motor information to and from the brain to the rest of the body. Important fibers running through the cerebral peduncles include the corticospinal tract and the corticobulbar tract, among others. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cerebral_peduncle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cerebral peduncle" EXACT [FMA:62394] synonym: "peduncle of midbrain" EXACT [FMA:62394] synonym: "pedunculus cerebri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62394, FMA:TA] synonym: "pedunculus cerebri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cerebral_peduncle] xref: BM:CP xref: BTO:0004676 xref: EFO:0001987 xref: FMA:62394 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Gray689.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gray689.png/200px-Gray689.png xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Peduncle xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1202 xref: SCTID:362391000 xref: UMLS:C0007793 is_a: UBERON:0007417 {source="FMA"} ! peduncle of neuraxis relationship: has_part UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum relationship: has_part UBERON:0002038 ! substantia nigra [Term] id: UBERON:0002625 name: median preoptic nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The median preoptic nucleus is located along the midline in a position significantly dorsal to the other 3 preoptic nuclei, at least in the macaca fascicularis brain. It wraps around the top (dorsal), front, and bottom (ventral) surfaces of the anterior commissure. The median preoptic nucleus generates thirst. Drinking decreases noradrenaline release in the median preoptic nucleus." [Wikipedia:Preoptic_area#Median_preoptic_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim xref: ABA:MEPO xref: BM:MPO xref: FMA:62323 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1208 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0007251 {is_inferred="true"} ! preoptic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001928 ! preoptic area property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001934 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002034 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002219 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002689 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002690 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007626 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002626 name: head of caudate nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "caput (caudatus)" EXACT [FMA:61852] synonym: "caudate nuclear head" EXACT [FMA:61852] xref: EMAPA:18547 xref: FMA:61852 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1212 xref: SCTID:279298007 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0005401 {is_inferred="true"} ! cerebral grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001873 ! caudate nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002627 name: capsule of medial geniculate body namespace: uberon synonym: "capsula corporis geniculati medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1214] synonym: "medial geniculate body capsule" EXACT [FMA:62049] xref: FMA:62049 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1214 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003931 {is_inferred="true"} ! diencephalic white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001927 ! medial geniculate body [Term] id: UBERON:0002628 name: tail of caudate nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "caudate nuclear tail" EXACT [FMA:61854] xref: EMAPA:18548 xref: FMA:61854 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1215 xref: SCTID:279299004 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0005401 {is_inferred="true"} ! cerebral grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001873 ! caudate nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002630 name: body of caudate nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "caudate nuclear body" EXACT [FMA:61853] synonym: "corpus (caudatus)" EXACT [FMA:61853] xref: FMA:61853 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1217 xref: SCTID:314175006 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0005401 {is_inferred="true"} ! cerebral grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001873 ! caudate nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002631 name: cerebral crus namespace: uberon def: "The cerebral crus is the anterior portion of the cerebral peduncle which contains the motor tracts, the plural of which is cerebral crura. In some older texts, it is used as a synonym for the entire cerebral peduncle, not just the anterior portion of it. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cerebral_crus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "base of cerebral peduncle" RELATED [BTO:0004677] synonym: "cerebral peduncle (clinical definition)" EXACT [FMA:72464] synonym: "crura cerebri" EXACT [MA:0001056] synonym: "crus cerebri" EXACT [EV:0100243] synonym: "crus cerebri" RELATED [BTO:0004677] synonym: "crus cerebri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cerebral_crus] xref: BTO:0004677 xref: EV:0100243 xref: FMA:72464 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png/200px-Cn3nucleus.png xref: MA:0001056 xref: ncithesaurus:Crus_Cerebri xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1218 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001891 {source="FMA-abduced-lr"} ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002623 {source="BTO"} ! cerebral peduncle [Term] id: UBERON:0002632 name: medial part of medial mammillary nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "medial mammillary nucleus (carpenter)" EXACT [] synonym: "medial mammillary nucleus, medial part" EXACT [FMA:62345] synonym: "medial mammillary nucleus, median part" EXACT [FMA:62345] synonym: "medial subdivision of medial mammillary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62345] xref: ABA:Mmme xref: FMA:62345 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1220 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis [Term] id: UBERON:0002633 name: motor nucleus of trigeminal nerve namespace: uberon def: "The trigeminal motor nucleus contains motor neurons that innervate muscles of the first branchial arch, namely the muscles of mastication, the tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini, mylohyoid, and anterior belly of the digastric." [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_motor_nucleus] comment: note this in ZFA this is part of the medulla; pons is a dubious structure for zebrafish subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "motor nucleus of cranial nerve v" EXACT [] synonym: "motor nucleus of trigeminal nerve" EXACT [FMA:54562] synonym: "motor nucleus V" EXACT [ZFA:0001365] synonym: "motor trigeminal nucleus" EXACT [BTO:0001075] synonym: "nucleus motorius nervi trigemini" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54562, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus motorius nervi trigemini" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_motor_nucleus] synonym: "nV" EXACT [ZFA:0001365] synonym: "trigeminal motor nuclei" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0001365] synonym: "trigeminal motor nucleus" EXACT [ZFA:0001365] synonym: "trigeminal V motor nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001029] xref: ABA:V xref: BM:Vm xref: BTO:0001075 xref: EV:0100273 xref: FMA:54562 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray696.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray696.png/200px-Gray696.png xref: MA:0001029 xref: ncithesaurus:Motor_Nucleus_of_the_Trigeminal_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1222 xref: SCTID:38390003 xref: TAO:0001365 xref: UMLS:C0228700 xref: VHOG:0001355 xref: ZFA:0001365 is_a: UBERON:0000126 {source="FMA"} ! cranial nerve nucleus is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002680 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0002925 {is_inferred="true"} ! trigeminal nucleus is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0006331 {is_inferred="true"} ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 {source="ABA"} ! pons relationship: part_of UBERON:0002925 {source="MA"} ! trigeminal nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 {source="NIF"} ! pontine tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002151 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002968 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002634 name: anterior nucleus of hypothalamus namespace: uberon def: "The Anterior hypothalamic nucleus is a nucleus of the hypothalamus. Its function is thermoregulation (the maintenance of body temperature between certain parameters) of the body. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anterior_hypothalamic_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior hypothalamic area" EXACT [FMA:62319] synonym: "anterior hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62319] synonym: "area hypothalamica rostralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62319, FMA:TA] synonym: "fundamental gray substance" EXACT [FMA:62319] synonym: "nucleus anterior hypothalami" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_hypothalamic_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus anterior hypothalami" RELATED [BTO:0002450] synonym: "parvocellular nucleus of hypothalamus" EXACT [FMA:62319] xref: ABA:AHN xref: BM:Die-Hy-HAA xref: BTO:0002450 xref: EV:0100231 xref: FMA:62319 xref: GAID:642 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.357.342.063 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1226 xref: SCTID:369133009 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007251 {is_inferred="true"} ! preoptic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001928 ! preoptic area property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001935 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002035 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002206 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002706 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002635 name: regional part of midbrain tegmentum namespace: uberon def: "A multi-tissue structure that is part of a midbrain tegmentum." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "midbrain tegmentum segment" EXACT [FMA:62399] synonym: "segment of midbrain tegmentum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1227] xref: FMA:62399 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1227 is_a: UBERON:0002950 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of midbrain [Term] id: UBERON:0002636 name: lateral pulvinar nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "lateral pulvinar nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62181] synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1228] synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris lateralis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1228] synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris lateralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1228] synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris thalami, pars lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1228] xref: BM:Die-Th-Pl-Pll xref: FMA:62181 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1228 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002637 name: ventral anterior nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The ventral anterior nucleus is a nucleus of the thalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_anterior_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus lateropolaris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1232] synonym: "nucleus ventralis anterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1232] synonym: "nucleus ventralis anterior thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1232] synonym: "nucleus ventralis anterior thalami" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ventral_anterior_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus ventralis thalami anterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1232] synonym: "ventral anterior nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62184] synonym: "ventral anterior thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62184] synonym: "ventroanterior nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "ventroanterior thalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1232] xref: BM:Die-Th-VA xref: BTO:0002468 xref: EV:0100199 xref: FMA:62184 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png xref: ncithesaurus:Ventroanterior_Nucleus_of_the_Thalamus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1232 xref: SCTID:279131008 xref: UMLS:C0175276 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002638 name: medial pulvinar nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1233] synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris medialis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1233] synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris thalami, pars medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1233] xref: BM:Die-Th-Pl-Plm xref: FMA:62182 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1233 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002639 name: midbrain reticular formation namespace: uberon def: "A reticular formation that is part of a midbrain." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of midbrain" EXACT [FMA:62406] synonym: "tegmental reticular formation" EXACT [FMA:62406] xref: BM:MB-MBRF xref: FMA:62406 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1235 xref: SCTID:369234009 is_a: UBERON:0002275 ! reticular formation is_a: UBERON:0002635 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of midbrain tegmentum intersection_of: UBERON:0002275 ! reticular formation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: has_part UBERON:0002142 ! pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002640 name: cuneocerebellar tract namespace: uberon def: "The posterior external arcuate fibers (dorsal external arcuate fibers) take origin in the gracile and cuneate nuclei; they pass to the inferior peduncle of the same side. It is uncertain whether fibers are continued directly from the gracile and cuneate fasciculi into the inferior peduncle. The term 'cuneocerebellar tract' is sometimes used to collectively refer to the posterior external arcuate fibers. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cuneocerebellar_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cuneocerebellar fibers" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1238] xref: FMA:72637 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Gray699.png/200px-Gray699.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1238 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002641 name: oral pulvinar nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "anterior pulvinar nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62180] synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris anterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62180, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris oralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1239] synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris oralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1239] synonym: "oral nuclear group of pulvinar" EXACT [FMA:62180] synonym: "oral part of pulvinar" EXACT [FMA:62180] synonym: "oral portion of pulvinar" EXACT [FMA:62180] xref: BM:Die-Th-Pl-Pla xref: FMA:62180 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1239 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002642 name: cuneate fasciculus of medulla namespace: uberon def: "A cuneate fasciculus that is part of a medulla oblongata." [OBOL:automatic] comment: TODO - change definition to be the *whole* of the CF in the MO. isa parentage to fasciculus of brain should be inferred xref: FMA:72623 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1242 is_a: UBERON:0005838 ! fasciculus of brain is_a: UBERON:0007702 {is_inferred="true"} ! tract of brain intersection_of: UBERON:0005832 ! cuneate fasciculus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002643 name: decussation of medial lemniscus namespace: uberon def: "The sensory decussation or decussation of the lemniscus is a decussation or cross over of axons from the gracile nucleus and cuneate nucleus. The fibres of this decussation are called the internal arcuate fibres and are found at the superior aspect of the closed medulla superior to the motor decussation. It is part of the second neuron in the Posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sensory_decussation] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "decussatio lemnisci medialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sensory_decussation] synonym: "decussation of lemnisci" EXACT [FMA:72622] synonym: "decussation of lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72622] synonym: "decussation of medial lemnisci" EXACT [FMA:72622] synonym: "medial lemniscus decussation" EXACT [FMA:72622] synonym: "medullary sensory decussation" EXACT [FMA:72622] synonym: "sensory decussation" EXACT [FMA:72622] xref: BM:Me-LMX xref: FMA:72622 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Gray759.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Gray759.png/200px-Gray759.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1245 is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0007418 ! decussation of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002644 name: intermediate orbital gyrus namespace: uberon xref: FMA:80183 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1247 is_a: UBERON:0007193 ! orbital gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0002645 name: densocellular part of medial dorsal nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis paralamellaris (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1255] synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis, pars densocellularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1255] xref: FMA:62163 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1255 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis [Term] id: UBERON:0002646 name: dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of medulla namespace: uberon def: "A dorsal longitudinal fasciculus that is part of a medulla [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bundle of Schutz of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fasciculus of Schutz of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla bundle of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla dorsal longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla fasciculus of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla posterior longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior longitudinal fasciculus of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72617 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1257 is_a: UBERON:0003045 ! dorsal longitudinal fasciculus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002647 name: magnocellular part of medial dorsal nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "dorsomedial thalamic nucleus, magnocellular part" EXACT [FMA:62161] synonym: "magnocellular mediodorsal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62161] synonym: "magnocellular nucleus of medial dorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62161] synonym: "magnocellular part of dorsomedial nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62161] synonym: "magnocellular part of mediodorsal nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1262] synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis, pars magnocellularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1262] synonym: "nucleus medialis fibrosus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1262] synonym: "nucleus medialis fibrosus (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1262] synonym: "pars magnocellularis nuclei mediodorsalis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62161, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:62161 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1262 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002739 {source="FMA"} ! medial dorsal nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002648 name: anterior median eminence namespace: uberon xref: FMA:74870 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1264 is_a: UBERON:0002784 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002197 ! median eminence of neurohypophysis [Term] id: UBERON:0002649 name: dorsolateral fasciculus of medulla namespace: uberon def: "." [Wikipedia:Lissauer's_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dorsolateral tract" EXACT [FMA:72616] synonym: "lissauer's tract" EXACT [FMA:72616] synonym: "posterolateral fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:72616] synonym: "posterolateral tract" EXACT [FMA:72616] synonym: "tract of lissauer" EXACT [] synonym: "tractus posterolateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72616, FMA:TA] synonym: "zone of lissauer" EXACT [] xref: FMA:72616 xref: ncithesaurus:Tract_of_Lissauer xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1267 xref: SCTID:369287009 xref: UMLS:C0228587 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002650 name: paralaminar part of medial dorsal nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "dorsomedial thalamic nucleus, paralaminar part" EXACT [FMA:62160] synonym: "mediodorsal thalamic nucleus, paralaminar part" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1276] synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis caudalis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1276] synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis thalami, pars multiformis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1276] synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis, pars multiformis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1276] synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis, pars paralaminaris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1276] synonym: "paralaminar part of dorsomedial nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62160] synonym: "paralaminar part of medial dorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62160] synonym: "pars paralaminaris nuclei mediodorsalis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62160, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars paralaminaris of medial dorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62160] synonym: "ventral mediodorsal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62160] xref: FMA:62160 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1276 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis [Term] id: UBERON:0002651 name: anterior horn of lateral ventricle namespace: uberon def: "The anterior cornu (frontal horn, anterior horn; precornu) of the lateral ventricle passes forward and lateralward, with a slight inclination downward, from the interventricular foramen into the frontal lobe, curving around the anterior end of the caudate nucleus. Its floor is formed by the upper surface of the reflected portion of the corpus callosum, the rostrum. It is bounded medially by the anterior portion of the septum pellucidum, and laterally by the head of the caudate nucleus. Its apex reaches the posterior surface of the genu of the corpus callosum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anterior_horn_of_lateral_ventricle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior horn of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:74520] synonym: "cornu anterius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_horn_of_lateral_ventricle] synonym: "cornu anterius ventriculi lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74520, FMA:TA] synonym: "frontal horn of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:74520] xref: FMA:74520 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Gray735.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Gray735.png/200px-Gray735.png xref: ncithesaurus:Frontal_Horn_of_the_Lateral_Ventricle xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1279 xref: SCTID:279247001 xref: UMLS:C0152281 is_a: UBERON:0002285 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic ventricle is_a: UBERON:0004086 ! brain ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0002652 name: posterior median eminence namespace: uberon xref: FMA:74875 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1280 is_a: UBERON:0002784 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002197 ! median eminence of neurohypophysis [Term] id: UBERON:0002653 name: gracile fasciculus of medulla namespace: uberon def: "A gracile fasciculus that is part of a medulla oblongata." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "column of goll" EXACT [] synonym: "fasciculus of goll" EXACT [] synonym: "goll's tract" EXACT [FMA:72624] synonym: "gracile fascicle (gall)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1282] synonym: "gracile fascicle of medulla" EXACT [FMA:72624] synonym: "medulla segment of fasciculus gracilis" EXACT [FMA:72624] synonym: "medulla segment of gracile fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:72624] synonym: "tract of gall" EXACT [] xref: FMA:72624 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1282 is_a: UBERON:0005838 {is_inferred="true"} ! fasciculus of brain is_a: UBERON:0007702 {is_inferred="true"} ! tract of brain intersection_of: UBERON:0005821 ! gracile fasciculus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002654 name: parvicellular part of medial dorsal nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "dorsomedial thalamic nucleus, parvicellular part" EXACT [FMA:62162] synonym: "lateral mediodorsal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62162] synonym: "lateral nucleus of medial dorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62162] synonym: "mediodorsal thalamic nucleus, pars fasciculosa" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1283] synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis fasciculosis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1283] synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis nucleus fasciculosis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1283] synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis, pars parvicellularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1283] synonym: "pars parvocellularis lateralis nuclei mediodorsalis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62162, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars principalis nuclei ventralis anterior thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62162, FMA:TA] synonym: "parvicellular part of dorsomedial nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62162] synonym: "parvocellular nucleus of medial dorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62162] synonym: "principal division of ventral anterior nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62162] xref: FMA:62162 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1283 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis [Term] id: UBERON:0002655 name: body of lateral ventricle namespace: uberon def: "The body of lateral ventricle (cella) extends from the interventricular foramen to the splenium of the corpus callosum. It is an irregularly curved cavity, triangular on transverse section, with a roof, a floor, and a medial wall. The roof is formed by the under surface of the corpus callosum; the floor by the following parts, enumerated in their order of position, from before backward: the caudate nucleus of the corpus striatum, the stria terminalis and the terminal vein, the lateral portion of the upper surface of the thalamus, the choroid plexus, and the lateral part of the fornix; the medial wall is the posterior part of the septum pellucidum, which separates it from the opposite ventricle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Body_of_lateral_ventricle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "central part of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:83703] synonym: "lateral ventricular body" EXACT [FMA:83703] synonym: "pars centralis ventriculi lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83703, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars centralis ventriculi lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Body_of_lateral_ventricle] xref: FMA:83703 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Gray735.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Gray735.png/200px-Gray735.png xref: ncithesaurus:Body_of_the_Lateral_Ventricle xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1287 xref: SCTID:279246005 xref: UMLS:C0152280 is_a: UBERON:0002285 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic ventricle is_a: UBERON:0004086 ! brain ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0002656 name: periamygdaloid area namespace: uberon synonym: "para-amygdaloid cortex" EXACT [FMA:62485] synonym: "periamygdaloid cortex" EXACT [FMA:62485] synonym: "periamygdaloid region" EXACT [FMA:62485] synonym: "semilunar gyrus" EXACT [FMA:62485] synonym: "ventral cortical nucleus of amygdala" EXACT [FMA:62485] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-PAM xref: FMA:62485 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1291 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis [Term] id: UBERON:0002657 name: posterior parahippocampal gyrus namespace: uberon synonym: "parahippocampal gyrus (amaral)" EXACT [] synonym: "parahippocampal gyrus (insausti)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1295] xref: FMA:67966 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1295 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0002658 name: medial lemniscus of midbrain namespace: uberon def: "A medial lemniscus that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain medial lemniscus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72461 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1296 is_a: UBERON:0002635 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of midbrain tegmentum is_a: UBERON:0003002 ! medial lemniscus intersection_of: UBERON:0003002 ! medial lemniscus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002659 name: superior medullary velum namespace: uberon def: "The superior medullary velum (anterior medullary velum, valve of Vieussens) is a thin, transparent of white substance, which stretches between the superior cerebellar peduncles; on the dorsal surface of its lower half the folia and lingula are prolonged. It forms, together with the superior cerebellar peduncle, the roof of the upper part of the fourth ventricle; it is narrow above, where it passes beneath the inferior colliculi, and broader below, where it is continuous with the white substance of the superior vermis. A slightly elevated ridge, the fraenulum veli, descends upon its upper part from between the inferior colliculi, and on either side of this the trochlear nerve emerges. Blood is supplied by branches from the superior cerebellar artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_medullary_velum] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior medullary velum" EXACT [FMA:74508] synonym: "velum medullare superius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_medullary_velum] xref: FMA:74508 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Gray701.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Gray701.png/200px-Gray701.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1300 xref: SCTID:369269006 is_a: UBERON:0003035 ! regional part of cerebellar white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002660 name: medial longitudinal fasciculus of midbrain namespace: uberon def: "A medial longitudinal fasciculus that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain medial longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72454 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1302 is_a: UBERON:0002309 ! medial longitudinal fasciculus intersection_of: UBERON:0002309 ! medial longitudinal fasciculus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002661 name: superior frontal gyrus namespace: uberon def: "The superior frontal gyrus makes up about one-third of the frontal lobe of the human brain. It is bounded laterally by the superior frontal sulcus. The superior frontal gyrus, like the inferior frontal gyrus and the middle frontal gyrus, is more of a region than a true gyrus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_frontal_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus frontalis superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_frontal_gyrus] synonym: "marginal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61857] synonym: "superior frontal convolution" EXACT [FMA:61857] xref: BTO:0004836 xref: EFO:0001991 xref: FMA:61857 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Superior_frontal_gyrus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Superior_frontal_gyrus.png/200px-Superior_frontal_gyrus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Frontal_Convolution xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1303 xref: SCTID:279166005 xref: UMLS:C0152296 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001870 ! frontal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002662 name: medial pes lemniscus namespace: uberon synonym: "superficial pes lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72460] xref: FMA:72460 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1310 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002663 name: septal nuclear complex namespace: uberon def: "The septal nuclei are structures in the middle anteroventral cerebrum that are composed of medium-size neurons grouped into medial, lateral, and posterior groups. The septal nuclei receive reciprocal connections from the olfactory bulb, hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus, midbrain, habenula, cingulate gyrus, and thalamus. The septal nuclei play a role in reward and reinforcement along with the nucleus accumbens. In the 1950s, Olds & Milner showed that rats with electrodes implanted in this area will self-stimulate repeatedly in order to experience a euphoric feeling (i.e. press a bar to receive electrical current that will stimulate the neurons). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Septal_nuclei] comment: TODO - nucleus vs nuclear complex subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nuclei septales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Septal_nuclei] synonym: "parolfactory nuclei" EXACT [FMA:61845] synonym: "septal nuclei" EXACT [FMA:61845] synonym: "septal nucleus" EXACT [MA:0002978] xref: EHDAA2:0004709 xref: FMA:61845 xref: GAID:637 xref: MA:0002978 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.577.750.800 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1313 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0005401 {is_inferred="true"} ! cerebral grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0000446 ! septum of telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0002664 name: lateral part of medial mammillary nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "intercalated mammillary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62346] synonym: "intermediate mammillary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62346] synonym: "lateral mammillary nucleus (gagel)" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral subdivision of medial mammillary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62346] synonym: "medial mammillary nucleus, lateral part" EXACT [FMA:62346] xref: FMA:62346 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1314 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis [Term] id: UBERON:0002665 name: supracallosal gyrus namespace: uberon def: "The supracallosal gyrus (indusium griseum; gyrus epicallosus) consists of a thin layer of grey matter in contact with the dorsal surface of the corpus callosum and continuous laterally with the grey matter of the cingulate gyrus. It contains two longitudinally directed strands of fibers termed respectively the medial and lateral longitudinal striae. The supracallosal gyrus is prolonged around the splenium of the corpus callosum as a delicate lamina, the fasciola cinerea, which is continuous below with the fascia dentata hippocampi. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Supracallosal_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "supracommissural hippocampal rudiment" EXACT [FMA:61920] synonym: "supracommissural hippocampus" EXACT [FMA:61920] xref: BTO:0003738 xref: FMA:61920 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1316 xref: SCTID:369231001 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0002666 name: mesencephalic tract of trigeminal nerve namespace: uberon synonym: "mesencephalic root of v" EXACT [] synonym: "mesencephalic trigeminal tract" EXACT [FMA:72489] xref: FMA:72489 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1318 xref: SCTID:369263007 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002667 name: lateral septal nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "lateral parolfactory nucleus" EXACT [FMA:61878] synonym: "lateral septal nucleus (cajal)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1321] synonym: "lateral septum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1321] synonym: "lateral septum nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1321] xref: ABA:LS xref: BM:Tel-Spt-SLN xref: FMA:61878 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1321 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001878 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007630 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002668 name: oculomotor nerve fibers namespace: uberon comment: todo - make subclass of root of cranial nerve synonym: "central part of oculomotor nerve" EXACT [FMA:72457] synonym: "oculomotor nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72457] synonym: "root of oculomotor nerve" EXACT [FMA:72457] xref: FMA:72457 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1323 is_a: UBERON:0004732 {is_inferred="true"} ! segmental subdivision of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002671 name: pallidotegmental fasciculus namespace: uberon synonym: "pallidotegmental tract" EXACT [FMA:72458] xref: FMA:72458 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1331 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002673 name: vestibular nuclear complex namespace: uberon def: "The vestibular nuclei are the cranial nuclei for the vestibular nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079612305510069, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=440764&aid=3413105&group_id=36855, Wikipedia:Vestibular_nuclei] comment: Editor notes: In TA they are grouped in both the pons and medulla; WP+MA says the SVN is in the pons, and GO includes VNC development under pons development, but this is not supported by ABA. Todo - check with NIF subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nuclei vestibulares" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vestibular_nuclei] synonym: "nuclei vestibulares in medulla oblongata" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72239, FMA:TA] synonym: "vestibular nuclei" EXACT [FMA:72239] synonym: "vestibular nuclei in medulla oblongata" EXACT [FMA:72239] synonym: "vestibular nucleus" RELATED [GO:0021750] xref: ABA:VNC xref: BM:Me-VS xref: BTO:0004368 xref: EV:0100254 xref: FMA:72239 xref: GAID:602 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray691.png/200px-Gray691.png xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.810.428.600.800 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1337 is_a: UBERON:0000125 ! neural nucleus is_a: UBERON:0007635 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="FMA", source="NIF", source="ABA"} ! medulla oblongata property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002154 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002559 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002676 name: ventral supraoptic decussation namespace: uberon def: "The ventral supraoptic decussation is the crossover point for signals from the left and right eye, en route respectively to the right and left sides of the visual cortex. Occupying the posterior part of the commissure of the optic chiasma is a strand of fibers, the Ventral supraoptic decussation (commissure of Gudden, Gudden's inferior commissure), which is not derived from the optic nerves; it forms a connecting link between the medial geniculate bodies. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_supraoptic_decussation] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "commissura supraoptica ventralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62052, FMA:TA] synonym: "commissura supraoptica ventralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ventral_supraoptic_decussation] synonym: "commissure of Gudden" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1347] synonym: "Gudden commissure" EXACT [FMA:62052] synonym: "Gudden's commissure" EXACT [FMA:62052] synonym: "supraoptic commissures, ventral" EXACT [FMA:62052] synonym: "ventral supra-optic commissure" EXACT [FMA:62052] synonym: "ventral supraoptic commissure (of Meynert)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1347] synonym: "ventral supraoptic decussation" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1347] synonym: "ventral supraoptic decussation of gudden" RELATED [FMA:62052] synonym: "von Gudden's commissure" EXACT [FMA:62052] synonym: "VSOX" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1347] xref: FMA:62052 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Gray722.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Gray722.png/200px-Gray722.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1347 is_a: UBERON:0001020 {source="FMA"} ! commissure is_a: UBERON:0011590 {is_inferred="true"} ! commissure of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002550 {source="FMA"} ! anterior hypothalamic region [Term] id: UBERON:0002677 name: regional part of medullary raphe nuclear complex namespace: uberon def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a medullary raphe nuclear complex [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "medullary raphe nuclear complex segment" EXACT [FMA:83951] synonym: "segment of medullary raphe nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1349] xref: FMA:83951 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1349 is_a: UBERON:0002678 ! regional part of medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002678 name: regional part of medulla oblongata namespace: uberon def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a medulla oblongata [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "medullary oblongata segment" EXACT [FMA:71011] synonym: "segment of medulla oblongata" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1355] xref: FMA:71011 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1355 xref: SCTID:119241003 is_a: UBERON:0002616 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002679 name: anterodorsal nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "anterodorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62141] synonym: "anterodorsal nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358] synonym: "anterodorsal thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62141] synonym: "nucleus anterior dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358] synonym: "nucleus anterior dorsalis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358] synonym: "nucleus anterior thalami dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358] synonym: "nucleus anterodorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358] synonym: "nucleus anterodorsalis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358] synonym: "nucleus anterodorsalis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358] synonym: "nucleus anterosuperior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358] synonym: "nucleus thalamicus anterodorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358] xref: ABA:AD xref: BM:Die-Th-AD xref: FMA:62141 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358 xref: SCTID:279127002 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002681 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002685 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002984 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002680 name: regional part of metencephalon namespace: uberon def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a metencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "metencephalon subdivision" EXACT [FMA:67942] synonym: "segment of metencephalon" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1361] xref: FMA:67942 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1361 is_a: UBERON:0002616 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002681 name: anteromedial nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "anteromedial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62142] synonym: "anteromedial nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365] synonym: "anteromedial thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62142] synonym: "nucleus anterior medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365] synonym: "nucleus anterior medialis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365] synonym: "nucleus anterior thalami medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365] synonym: "nucleus anteromedialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365] synonym: "nucleus anteromedialis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365] synonym: "nucleus anteromedialis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365] synonym: "nucleus thalamicus anteromedialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365] xref: ABA:AM xref: BM:Die-AM xref: FMA:62142 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365 xref: SCTID:279128007 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002679 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002685 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002984 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002682 name: abducens nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The abducens nucleus is the originating nucleus from which the abducens nerve emerges - a cranial nerve nucleus. This nucleus is located beneath the fourth ventricle in the caudal portion of the pons, medial to the sulcus limitans. The abducens nucleus along with the internal genu of the facial nerve make up the facial colliculus, a hump at the caudal end of the medial eminence on the dorsal aspect of the pons. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Abducens_nucleus] comment: part of medulla oblongata in ABA and ZFA; part of pons in MA and pontine tegmentum in NIF; note that pons/medulla are spatially disjoint in ABA. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "abducens motor nuclei" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000713] synonym: "abducens motor nucleus" EXACT [ZFA:0000713] synonym: "abducens nerve nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54504] synonym: "abducens VI nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001010] synonym: "abducent nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54504] synonym: "motor nucleus VI" EXACT [ZFA:0000713] synonym: "nucleus nervi abducentis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54504, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus nervi abducentis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Abducens_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus of abducens nerve" EXACT [FMA:54504] synonym: "nucleus of abducens nerve (VI)" EXACT [FMA:54504] synonym: "nVI" EXACT [ZFA:0000713] synonym: "sixth cranial nerve nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54504] xref: ABA:VI xref: BM:Pons-VI xref: EHDAA2:0004310 xref: EV:0100266 xref: FMA:54504 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray696.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray696.png/200px-Gray696.png xref: MA:0001010 xref: ncithesaurus:Abducens_Nucleus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1366 xref: SCTID:280165008 xref: TAO:0000713 xref: UMLS:C0152407 xref: ZFA:0000713 is_a: UBERON:0000126 {source="FMA"} ! cranial nerve nucleus is_a: UBERON:0002680 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 {is_inferred="true"} ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 {conflicts="ZFA", conflicts="ABA", source="GO", source="NIF", source="MA"} ! pons property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632 {source="ABA"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Hindbrain motor nucleus which is the origin of motor axons of cranial nerve VI. From Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000713", ontology="TAO", source="ISBN:3764351209"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002684 name: nucleus raphe obscurus namespace: uberon def: "The raphe obscurus projects to the cerebellar lobes VI and VII and to crus II along with the nucleus raphe pontis . This so called obscure nucleus has also been implicated in the modulation of the hypoglossal nerve. It has been observed that the ablation of this nucleus causes a change in the firing pattern in the XII nerve . In addition, the raphe obscurus mediates expiration via the inhibitory effect of serotonin and depresses periodic synaptic potentials . It has also been shown that this nucleus stimulates gastrointestinal motor function; microinjections of 5-HT into the n.r. obscurus increase gastric movement . [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Nucleus_raphe_obscurus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus raphes obscurus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72585, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus raphes obscurus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nucleus_raphe_obscurus] synonym: "obscurus raphe nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72585] synonym: "raphe obscurus nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72585] xref: ABA:RO xref: FMA:72585 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Gray694.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Gray694.png/200px-Gray694.png xref: MA:0002981 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1369 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002677 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of medullary raphe nuclear complex is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007635 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0002692 {source="FMA"} ! medullary raphe nuclear complex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002156 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002157 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002685 name: anteroventral nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "anterior ventral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62143] synonym: "anteroprincipal thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62143] synonym: "anteroventral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62143] synonym: "anteroventral nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372] synonym: "anteroventral thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62143] synonym: "nucleus anterior thalami ventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372] synonym: "nucleus anterior ventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372] synonym: "nucleus anteroinferior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372] synonym: "nucleus anteroventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372] synonym: "nucleus anteroventralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372] synonym: "nucleus thalamicus anteroprincipalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372] synonym: "nucleus thalamicus anteroventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372] xref: ABA:AV xref: BM:Die-AV xref: EV:0100199 xref: FMA:62143 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372 xref: SCTID:279130009 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002679 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002681 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002984 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002686 name: angular gyrus namespace: uberon def: "The angular gyrus is a region of the brain in the parietal lobe, that lies near the superior edge of the temporal lobe, and immediately posterior to the supramarginal gyrus; it is involved in a number of processes related to language, mathematics and cognition. It is Brodmann area 39 of the human brain. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Angular_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus angularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Angular_gyrus] synonym: "middle part of inferior parietal lobule" EXACT [FMA:61898] synonym: "preoccipital gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61898] xref: FMA:61898 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/Surfacegyri.JPG xref: ncithesaurus:Angular_Gyrus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1376 xref: SCTID:279186009 xref: UMLS:C0152305 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001872 ! parietal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002687 name: area X namespace: uberon synonym: "anteromedial part of ventral lateral posterior nucleus (jones)" EXACT [] synonym: "area x of olszewski" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1379] synonym: "nucleus lateralis intermedius mediodorsalis situs ventralis medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1379] synonym: "nucleus ventralis oralis, pars posterior (dewulf)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1379] synonym: "nucleus ventrooralis internus (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1379] synonym: "nucleus ventrooralis internus, superior part" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1379] xref: FMA:62198 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1379 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001925 ! ventral lateral nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002688 name: supramarginal gyrus namespace: uberon subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior part of inferior parietal lobule" EXACT [FMA:61897] synonym: "BA40" RELATED ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "Brodmann area 40" RELATED [Wikipedia:Supramarginal_gyrus] synonym: "inferior parietal lobule (krieg)" EXACT [] xref: FMA:61897 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/Gehirn\,_lateral_-_Hauptgyri_beschriftet.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Gehirn%2C_lateral_-_Hauptgyri_beschriftet.svg/200px-Gehirn%2C_lateral_-_Hauptgyri_beschriftet.svg.png xref: ncithesaurus:Supramarginal_Gyrus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1381 xref: SCTID:279185008 xref: UMLS:C0228214 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001872 ! parietal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002689 name: supraoptic crest namespace: uberon def: "one of the circumventricular organs of the brain. The OVLT is outside the blood brain barrier, and so neurons in this region can respond to factors that are present in the systemic circulation." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3474225&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, Wikipedia:Organum_vasculosum_of_the_lamina_terminalis] comment: AO notes: NIF has two classes here synonym: "organum vasculosum lamina terminalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100313] synonym: "organum vasculosum laminae terminalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62315, FMA:TA] synonym: "organum vasculosum laminae terminalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "prechiasmatic gland" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1400] synonym: "vascular organ of lamina terminalis" EXACT [FMA:62315] xref: ABA:OV xref: FMA:62315 xref: MA:0003018 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1400 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100313 is_a: UBERON:0003048 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of hypothalamus is_a: UBERON:0010135 {source="MA"} ! sensory circumventricular organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002550 {source="FMA"} ! anterior hypothalamic region property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001934 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002034 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002219 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002625 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002690 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007626 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002690 name: anteroventral periventricular nucleus namespace: uberon xref: ABA:AVPV xref: FMA:62314 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1401 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001934 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002034 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002219 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002625 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002689 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007626 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002691 name: ventral tegmental area namespace: uberon def: "The ventral tegmentum (tegmentum is Latin for covering), better known as the ventral tegmental area (VTA), is a group of neurons located close to the midline on the floor of the midbrain. The VTA, the origin of dopaminergic cell bodies that comprise the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system, is widely implicated in the drug and natural reward circuitry of the brain, cognition, motivation, drug addiction, and several psychiatric disorders. The VTA contains neurons that project to numerous areas of the brain, from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) to the caudal brainstem and everywhere in between. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_tegmental_area] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ventral tegmental area of tsai" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral tegmental nucleus (tsai)" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral tegmental nucleus of tsai" EXACT [] xref: ABA:VTA xref: BM:MB-VTA xref: EFO:0001935 xref: FMA:72438 xref: GAID:587 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Gray712.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Gray712.png/200px-Gray712.png xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.659.822.820 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1415 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007414 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002692 name: medullary raphe nuclear complex namespace: uberon synonym: "raphe medullae oblongatae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:68874, FMA:TA] synonym: "raphe nuclei of medulla" EXACT [FMA:68874] synonym: "raphe of medulla oblongata" EXACT [FMA:68874] xref: FMA:68874 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1420 xref: SCTID:362420006 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="FMA"} ! medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0004684 {source="Wikipedia"} ! raphe nuclei [Term] id: UBERON:0002694 name: anterior hypothalamic commissure namespace: uberon synonym: "anterior hypothalamic commissure (Ganser)" EXACT [FMA:62053] synonym: "anterior hypothalamic decussation of Ganser" EXACT [FMA:62053] xref: FMA:62053 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1424 is_a: UBERON:0001020 {source="FMA"} ! commissure is_a: UBERON:0011590 {is_inferred="true"} ! commissure of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0002696 name: cuneiform nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "parabigeminal area (mai)" EXACT [] xref: ABA:CUN xref: BM:MB-CNF xref: FMA:72427 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1430 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002697 name: dorsal supraoptic decussation namespace: uberon synonym: "commissura supraoptica dorsalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62051, FMA:TA] synonym: "commissure of Meynert" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal supra-optic commissure" EXACT [FMA:62051] synonym: "dorsal supraoptic commissure" EXACT [FMA:62051] synonym: "dorsal supraoptic commissure (of ganser)" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal supraoptic decussation (of ganser)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1433] synonym: "dorsal supraoptic decussation (of Meynert)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1433] synonym: "dorsal supraoptic decussation of Meynert" EXACT [] synonym: "ganser's commissure" EXACT [FMA:62051] synonym: "Meynert's commissure" EXACT [FMA:62051] synonym: "supraoptic commissure of Meynert" EXACT [] synonym: "supraoptic commissures, dorsal" EXACT [FMA:62051] xref: FMA:62051 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1433 is_a: UBERON:0001020 ! commissure [Term] id: UBERON:0002699 name: supraopticohypophysial tract namespace: uberon synonym: "supra-opticohypophysial tract" EXACT [FMA:62054] synonym: "supraopticohypophyseal tract" EXACT [FMA:62054] synonym: "tractus supraopticohypophysialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62054, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:62054 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1440 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002700 name: subcuneiform nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "subcuneiform area of midbrain" EXACT [FMA:72428] xref: FMA:72428 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1441 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002701 name: anterior median oculomotor nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "anterior median nucleus of oculomotor nerve" EXACT [FMA:72423] xref: FMA:72423 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1445 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002702 name: middle frontal gyrus namespace: uberon def: "The middle frontal gyrus makes up about one-third of the frontal lobe of the human brain. (A gyrus is one of the prominent 'bumps' or 'ridges' on the surface of the human brain. ) The middle frontal gyrus, like the inferior frontal gyrus and the superior frontal gyrus, is more of a region than a true gyrus. The borders of the middle frontal gyrus are the inferior frontal sulcus below; the superior frontal sulcus above; and the precentral sulcus behind. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Middle_frontal_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus frontalis medialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61859, FMA:TA] synonym: "gyrus frontalis medius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_frontal_gyrus] synonym: "intermediate frontal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61859] synonym: "medial frontal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61859] xref: BTO:0004834 xref: FMA:61859 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7f/Middle_frontal_gyrus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Middle_frontal_gyrus.png/200px-Middle_frontal_gyrus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Frontal_Gyrus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1451 xref: SCTID:362332009 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001870 ! frontal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002703 name: precentral gyrus namespace: uberon def: "The primary motor cortex (or M1) is a brain region that in humans is located in the posterior portion of the frontal lobe. It works in association with pre-motor areas to plan and execute movements. M1 contains large neurons known as Betz cells which send long axons down the spinal cord to synapse onto alpha motor neurons which connect to the muscles. Pre-motor areas are involved in planning actions (in concert with the basal ganglia) and refining movements based upon sensory input (this requires the cerebellum). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Precentral_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "precentral convolution" EXACT [FMA:61894] synonym: "prerolandic gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61894] xref: EFO:0001373 xref: FMA:61894 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Ba4.png/200px-Ba4.png xref: ncithesaurus:Precentral_Gyrus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1455 xref: UMLS:C0152299 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001870 ! frontal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002704 name: metathalamus namespace: uberon def: "The metathalamus is a composite structure of the thalamus, consisting of the medial geniculate nucleus and the lateral geniculate nucleus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Metathalamus] comment: note we follow FMA in making this a subtype of nucleus, but in fact it is a group containing two nuclei subset: uberon_slim synonym: "corpora geniculata" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Metathalamus] synonym: "geniculate group of the dorsal thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62023] synonym: "geniculate thalamic group" EXACT [MA:0000868] synonym: "nuclei metathalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1461] xref: ABA:GENd xref: EV:0100217 xref: FMA:62023 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png xref: MA:0000868 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1461 xref: SCTID:361550004 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004703 {source="MA"} ! dorsal thalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002144 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002776 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002705 name: midline nuclear group namespace: uberon def: "The midline nuclear group (or midline thalamic nuclei) a region of the thalamus consisting of the following nuclei: paraventricular nucleus of thalamus (nucleus paraventricularis thalami) - not to be confused with paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus paratenial nucleus (nucleus parataenialis) reuniens nucleus (nucleus reuniens) rhomboidal nucleus (nucleus commissuralis rhomboidalis) subfascicular nucleus (nucleus subfascicularis) [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Midline_nuclear_group] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "median nuclei of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62020] synonym: "midline nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62020] synonym: "midline nuclear group of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62020] synonym: "midline nuclei of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62020] synonym: "midline thalamic group" EXACT [MA:0000864] synonym: "nuclei mediani (thalami)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1462] synonym: "nuclei mediani thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62020, FMA:TA] synonym: "nuclei mediani thalami" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Midline_nuclear_group] synonym: "periventricular nuclei of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62020] xref: ABA:MTN xref: BTO:0002454 xref: FMA:62020 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png xref: MA:0000864 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1462 xref: SCTID:279163002 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 {source="FMA"} ! thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004703 {source="MA"} ! dorsal thalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0002706 name: posterior nucleus of hypothalamus namespace: uberon synonym: "area hypothalamica posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62350, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus posterior hypothalami" RELATED [BTO:0002461] synonym: "posterior hypothalamic area" EXACT [FMA:62350] synonym: "posterior hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62350] xref: ABA:PH xref: BM:Die-Hy-HPA xref: BTO:0002461 xref: EV:0100235 xref: FMA:62350 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1463 xref: SCTID:362385002 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001935 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002035 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002206 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002634 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002707 name: pyramidal tract namespace: uberon def: "The corticospinal or pyramidal tract is a collection of axons that travel between the cerebral cortex of the brain and the spinal cord. The corticospinal tract mostly contains motor axons. It actually consists of two separate tracts in the spinal cord: the lateral corticospinal tract and the medial corticospinal tract. An understanding of these tracts leads to an understanding of why for the most part, one side of the body is controlled by the opposite side of the brain. Also the corticobulbar tract is considered to be a pyramidal tract. The corticobulbar tract carries signals that control motor neurons located in cranial nerve brain nuclei rather than motor neurons located in the spinal cord. The neurons of the pyramidal tracts are pyramidal neurons, but that is not how the pyramidal tract got its name, as most of the pyramidal neurons send their axons elsewhere. Instead, it got its name from the shape of the corticospinal axon tracts: when the pyramidal tract passes the medulla, it forms a dense bundle of nerve fibres that is shaped somewhat like a pyramid. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pyramidal_tract] subset: uberon_slim xref: BM:Me-PyT xref: FMA:72634 xref: GAID:702 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Gray684.png/200px-Gray684.png xref: MESH:A08.186.854.633 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1464 xref: SCTID:362325000 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002708 name: posterior periventricular nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "nucleus periventricularis posterior" RELATED [BTO:0002479] synonym: "periventricular nucleus, posterior subdivision" EXACT [FMA:62349] synonym: "posterior periventricular hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1466] synonym: "posterior periventricular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62349] synonym: "posterior periventricular nucleus of hypothalamus" EXACT [FMA:62349] xref: BTO:0002479 xref: FMA:62349 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1466 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002709 name: posterior nuclear complex namespace: uberon subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "caudal thalamic nucleus" RELATED [TAO:0000325] synonym: "nuclei posteriores thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1467] synonym: "posterior complex of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62024] synonym: "posterior nuclear complex" EXACT [FMA:62024] synonym: "posterior nuclear complex of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62024] synonym: "posterior nuclear group of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62024] synonym: "posterior thalamic nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62024] synonym: "posterior thalamic nucleus" RELATED [BTO:0002462] xref: ABA:PO xref: BTO:0002462 xref: FMA:62024 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1467 xref: SCTID:424395006 xref: TAO:0000325 xref: ZFA:0000325 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002983 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003033 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002711 name: nucleus of posterior commissure namespace: uberon synonym: "posterior commissure nucleus" EXACT [FMA:68463] xref: ABA:NPC xref: BM:NPC xref: FMA:68463 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1470 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007414 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002565 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002996 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006848 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002712 name: premammillary nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "premammillary nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62348] xref: FMA:62348 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1473 is_a: UBERON:0002789 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of posterior hypothalamic region is_a: UBERON:0006568 {source="FMA"} ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002770 {source="FMA"} ! posterior hypothalamic region [Term] id: UBERON:0002713 name: circular sulcus of insula namespace: uberon def: "A marginal sulcus that is part of a insula [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "central lobe marginal branch of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "central lobe marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "central lobe marginal sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "circular fissure" EXACT [FMA:83753] synonym: "circular sulcus (of reil)" EXACT [] synonym: "circuminsular sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83753] synonym: "ciruclar insular sulcus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1475] synonym: "cortex of island marginal branch of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cortex of island marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cortex of island marginal sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insula lobule marginal branch of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insula lobule marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insula lobule marginal sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insula marginal branch of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insula marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insula marginal sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insular cortex marginal branch of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insular cortex marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insular cortex marginal sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insular lobe marginal branch of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insular lobe marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insular lobe marginal sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insular region marginal branch of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insular region marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insular region marginal sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "island of reil marginal branch of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "island of reil marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "island of reil marginal sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "limiting fissure" EXACT [FMA:83753] synonym: "marginal branch of cingulate sulcus of central lobe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal branch of cingulate sulcus of cortex of island" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal branch of cingulate sulcus of insula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal branch of cingulate sulcus of insula lobule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal branch of cingulate sulcus of insular cortex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal branch of cingulate sulcus of insular lobe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal branch of cingulate sulcus of insular region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal branch of cingulate sulcus of island of reil" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal insular sulcus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1475] synonym: "marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus of central lobe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus of cortex of island" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus of insula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus of insula lobule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus of insular cortex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus of insular lobe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus of insular region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus of island of reil" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal sulcus of central lobe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal sulcus of cortex of island" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal sulcus of insula" EXACT [FMA:83753] synonym: "marginal sulcus of insula lobule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal sulcus of insular cortex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal sulcus of insular lobe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal sulcus of insular region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal sulcus of island of reil" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sulcus circularis insulae" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1475] synonym: "sulcus marginalis insulae" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1475] xref: FMA:83753 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1475 is_a: UBERON:0013118 {is_inferred="true"} ! sulcus of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002714 name: rubrospinal tract namespace: uberon def: "long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in the red nucleus of the midbrain towards target cells in the spinal cord[GO]." [Wikipedia:Rubrospinal_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "monakow's tract" EXACT [FMA:72640] synonym: "rubrospinal tract (monakow)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1476] synonym: "tractus rubrospinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Rubrospinal_tract] xref: FMA:72640 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Spinal_cord_tracts_-_English.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1476 xref: SCTID:369264001 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002715 name: spinal trigeminal tract of medulla namespace: uberon xref: FMA:72625 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1477 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002717 name: rostral interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus namespace: uberon def: "The rostral interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus (riMLF) is a portion of the medial longitudinal fasciculus which controls vertical gaze. They project to the vestibular nuclei. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Rostral_interstitial_nucleus_of_medial_longitudinal_fasciculus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus interstitialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Rostral_interstitial_nucleus_of_medial_longitudinal_fasciculus] synonym: "rostral interstitial nucleus of mlf" EXACT [] xref: FMA:72433 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/Gray710.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Gray710.png/200px-Gray710.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1481 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0007414 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002718 name: solitary tract namespace: uberon def: "The solitary tract is a compact fiber bundle that extends longitudinally through the posterolateral region of the medulla. The solitary tract is surrounded by the nucleus of the solitary tract, and descends to the upper cervical segments of the spinal cord. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Solitary_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "respiratory bundle of Gierke" EXACT [] synonym: "tractus solitarius medullae oblongatae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Solitary_tract] xref: BM:Me-ST xref: FMA:72619 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Gray695.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Gray695.png/200px-Gray695.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1483 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002719 name: spino-olivary tract namespace: uberon def: "The spino-olivary tract is located in the ventral funiculus of the spinal cord. This tract carries proprioception information from muscles and tendons as well as cutaneous impulses to the olivary nucleus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Spino-olivary_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "helweg's tract" EXACT [FMA:72643] synonym: "tractus spinoolivaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Spino-olivary_tract] xref: FMA:72643 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1484 xref: SCTID:362607001 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002720 name: mammillary peduncle namespace: uberon synonym: "peduncle of mammillary body" EXACT [FMA:62061] xref: FMA:62061 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1486 xref: SCTID:369146004 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003931 {is_inferred="true"} ! diencephalic white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002770 {source="FMA"} ! posterior hypothalamic region [Term] id: UBERON:0002722 name: trochlear nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The nucleus of the trochlear nerve is located in the midbrain, at the level of the inferior colliculus. It is a motor nucleus, so located near the midline. Oddly, fibers from the trochlear nucleus cross over in the midbrain at the superior medullary velum and exit posteriorly, (this is the only cranial nerve to do so). The nerve then goes around the midbrain, and is visible coming out the sides. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Trochlear_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "fourth cranial nerve nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54518] synonym: "motor nucleus IV" EXACT [ZFA:0000450] synonym: "nIV" EXACT [ZFA:0000450] synonym: "nucleus nervi trochlearis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54518, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus nervi trochlearis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trochlear_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus of trochlear nerve" EXACT [FMA:54518] synonym: "trochlear IV nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001075] synonym: "trochlear motor nucleus" EXACT [ZFA:0000450] xref: ABA:IV xref: BM:MB-IV xref: EV:0100251 xref: FMA:54518 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Drn.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c6/Drn.png/200px-Drn.png xref: MA:0001075 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1488 xref: SCTID:280163001 xref: TAO:0000450 xref: ZFA:0000450 is_a: UBERON:0000126 ! cranial nerve nucleus is_a: UBERON:0007414 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001644 ! trochlear nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002723 name: mammillary princeps fasciculus namespace: uberon synonym: "principal mammillary fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:62057] synonym: "principal mammillary tract" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1492] synonym: "principle mamillary fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:62057] xref: FMA:62057 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1492 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002726 name: cervical spinal cord namespace: uberon def: "A spinal cord segment that adjacent_to a cervical region." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cervical segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:71166] synonym: "cervical segments of spinal cord [1-8]" EXACT [FMA:71166] synonym: "cervical spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:71166] synonym: "segmenta cervicalia medullae spinalis [1-8" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71166, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:71166 xref: ncithesaurus:Cervical_Spinal_Cord xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1499 xref: SCTID:180960003 xref: UMLS:C0581619 [Term] id: UBERON:0002727 name: medial medullary lamina namespace: uberon synonym: "inner medullary lamina" EXACT [FMA:62470] synonym: "internal medullary lamina of corpus striatum" EXACT [FMA:62470] synonym: "internal medullary lamina of globus pallidus" EXACT [FMA:62470] synonym: "internal medullary lamina of lentiform nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62470] synonym: "lamina medullaris interna corporis striati" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62470, FMA:TA] synonym: "lamina medullaris medialis corporis striati" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62470, FMA:TA] synonym: "medial medullary lamina" EXACT [FMA:62470] synonym: "medial medullary lamina of corpus striatum" EXACT [FMA:62470] synonym: "medial medullary lamina of globus pallidus" EXACT [FMA:62470] synonym: "medial medullary lamina of pallidum" EXACT [FMA:62470] synonym: "medial medullary stria" EXACT [FMA:62470] xref: BTO:0002251 xref: FMA:62470 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1501 xref: SCTID:369205003 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0002437 {is_inferred="true"} ! cerebral white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001875 ! globus pallidus [Term] id: UBERON:0002728 name: entorhinal area namespace: uberon def: "Component of the temporal lobe on the mesial surface. The rostral and caudal boundaries of the entorhinal cortex are the rostral end of the collateral sulcus and the caudal end of the amygdala respectively. The medial boundary is the medial aspect of the temporal lobe and the lateral boundary is the collateral sulcus. (DK)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1508, Wikipedia:Entorhinal_cortex] comment: todo - check area vs complex. ABA:ENT this is part of the hippocampal formation via retrohippocampal region subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Brodmann's area 28" RELATED [BTO:0002650] synonym: "entorhinal cortex" RELATED INCONSISTENT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1508] xref: ABA:ENT xref: BM:Tel-Cx-ENT xref: BTO:0002650 xref: EFO:0001920 xref: FMA:72356 xref: GAID:636 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Gray-Brodman-Entorhinal_Cortex_EC_.png xref: MESH:A08.186.211.577.710.225 xref: ncithesaurus:Entorhinal_Cortex xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1508 xref: SCTID:369099007 xref: UMLS:C0175196 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002973 {source="FMA"} ! parahippocampal gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004725 {source="BTO"} ! piriform cortex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001953 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002191 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0004683 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002729 name: claustral amygdaloid area namespace: uberon synonym: "claustrum diffusa" EXACT [FMA:61869] synonym: "claustrum parvum" EXACT [FMA:61869] synonym: "ventral claustrum" EXACT [FMA:61869] synonym: "ventral portion of claustrum" EXACT [FMA:61869] xref: FMA:61869 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1515 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0005401 {is_inferred="true"} ! cerebral grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001876 {source="FMA"} ! amygdala relationship: part_of UBERON:0006098 {source="NIF"} ! basal nuclear complex [Term] id: UBERON:0002730 name: regional part of thalamus namespace: uberon def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a thalamus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "segment of thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1517] synonym: "thalamus segment" EXACT [FMA:67705] xref: FMA:67705 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1517 xref: SCTID:119406000 is_a: UBERON:0002784 ! regional part of diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0002732 name: longitudinal pontine fibers namespace: uberon synonym: "fibrae pontis longitudinales" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72513, FMA:TA] synonym: "longitudinal fasciculus of the pons" EXACT [FMA:72513] synonym: "longitudinal pontine fibers" EXACT [FMA:72513] synonym: "longitudinal pontine fibres" EXACT [FMA:72513] synonym: "longitudinal pontine tract" EXACT [FMA:72513] xref: FMA:72513 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1523 xref: SCTID:361544009 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002733 name: intralaminar nuclear group namespace: uberon def: "The intralaminar nucleus is a nucleus of the thalamus that contains the following nuclei: central lateral centromedian (or 'central medial') paracentral parafascicular. Some sources also include a 'central dorsal' nucleus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Intralaminar_thalamic_nuclei] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "intralaminar nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62021] synonym: "intralaminar nuclear group of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62021] synonym: "intralaminar nuclei of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62021] synonym: "intralaminar thalamic nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62021] synonym: "nonspecific thalamic system" EXACT [FMA:62021] synonym: "nuclei intralaminares (thalami)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1530] synonym: "nuclei intralaminares thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62021, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:ILM xref: FMA:62021 xref: GAID:660 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Thalmus.png/200px-Thalmus.png xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.826.701.460 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1530 xref: SCTID:279159009 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001899 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001903 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002736 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002735 name: transverse pontine fibers namespace: uberon synonym: "fibrae pontis transversae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72514, FMA:TA] synonym: "superficial transverse fibers of pons" EXACT [FMA:72514] synonym: "transverse fibers of pons" EXACT [FMA:72514] synonym: "transverse pontine fibers" EXACT [FMA:72514] synonym: "transverse pontine fibres" EXACT [FMA:72514] synonym: "transverse pontine tract" EXACT [FMA:72514] xref: FMA:72514 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1535 xref: SCTID:79836003 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002736 name: lateral nuclear group namespace: uberon def: "The lateral nuclear group is a collection of nuclei on the lateral side of the thalamus. According to MeSH, it consists of the following: lateral dorsal nucleus lateral posterior nucleus pulvinar [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_nuclear_group] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lateral group of the dorsal thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1537] synonym: "lateral nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62174] synonym: "lateral nuclear group of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62174] synonym: "lateral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62174] synonym: "lateral thalamic group" EXACT [MA:0000862] synonym: "lateral thalamic nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62174] synonym: "lateral thalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1537] synonym: "nuclei laterales thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1537] synonym: "nucleus lateralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1537] xref: ABA:LAT xref: EV:0100210 xref: FMA:62174 xref: GAID:661 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png xref: MA:0000862 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.826.701.485 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1537 xref: SCTID:279126006 is_a: UBERON:0000125 {source="FMA"} ! neural nucleus is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004703 {source="MA"} ! dorsal thalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001899 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001903 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002733 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002738 name: isthmus of cingulate gyrus namespace: uberon synonym: "cingulate gyrus isthmus" EXACT [FMA:62502] synonym: "isthmus of fornicate gyrus" EXACT [FMA:62502] synonym: "isthmus of limbic lobe" EXACT [FMA:62502] xref: FMA:62502 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1541 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002967 ! cingulate gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0002739 name: medial dorsal nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The medial dorsal nucleus (or dorsomedial nucleus of thalamus) is a large nucleus in the thalamus. It receives inputs from the Pre-Frontal Cortex and the Limbic System and in turn relays them to the Pre-Frontal Association Cortex. As a result, it plays a crucial role in attention, planning, organization, abstract thinking, multi-tasking and active memory. The connections of the medial dorsal nucleus have even been used to delineate the prefrontal cortex of the Gttingen minipig brain. By stereology the number of brain cells in the region has been estimated to around 6.43 million neurons in the adult human brain and 36.3 million glial cells, and with the newborn having quite different numbers: around 11.2 million neurons and 10.6 million glial cells. Lesions of the medial dorsal nucleus have been associated with Wernicke's encephalopathy [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_dorsal_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dorsal medial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62156] synonym: "dorsomedial nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62156] synonym: "dorsomedial nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62156] synonym: "dorsomedial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62156] synonym: "medial dorsal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62156] synonym: "medial dorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62156] synonym: "medial dorsal thalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1543] synonym: "medial nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62156] synonym: "medial nuclear group of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62156] synonym: "medial thalamic nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62156] synonym: "medial thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62156] synonym: "mediodorsal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62156] synonym: "mediodorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [DHB:MD] synonym: "mediodorsal thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62156] synonym: "nucleus dorsomedialis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1543] synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1543] synonym: "nucleus mediodorsalis thalami" RELATED [BTO:0002453] synonym: "nucleus mediodorsalis thalami" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_dorsal_nucleus] xref: ABA:MD xref: BM:Die-Th-MD xref: BTO:0002453 xref: EV:0100200 xref: FMA:62156 xref: GAID:663 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.826.701.490 xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsomedial_Nucleus_of_the_Thalamus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1543 xref: SCTID:279149008 xref: UMLS:C0228329 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003031 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002740 name: posterior cingulate gyrus namespace: uberon def: "The posterior cingulate cortex is the backmost part of the cingulate cortex, lying behind the anterior cingulate cortex. This is the upper part of the 'limbic lobe'. The cingulate cortex is made up of an area around the midline of the brain. Surrounding areas include the retrosplenial cortex and the precuneus. Cytoarchitectonically posterior cingulate cortex is associated with Brodmann areas 23 and 31. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Posterior_cingulate_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:61924 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Gray727.svg/200px-Gray727.svg.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1546 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002967 ! cingulate gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0002741 name: diagonal band namespace: uberon def: "The diagonal band of Broca consists of fibers that are said to arise in the parolfactory area, the gyrus subcallosus and the anterior perforated substance, and course backward in the longitudinal striae to the dentate gyrus and the hippocampal region. This is a cholinergic bundle of nerve fibers posterior to the anterior perforated substance. It interconnects the paraterminal gyrus in the septal area with the hippocampus and lateral olfactory area. Along with the Septum Pellucidum the Diagonal Band of Broca is believed to be involved in the generation of theta waves in the hippocampus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Diagonal_band_of_Broca] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "band of Broca" RELATED [BTO:0002445] synonym: "bandaletta diagonalis (Broca)" RELATED [BTO:0002445] synonym: "broca's diagonal band" EXACT [FMA:61973] synonym: "broca's diagonal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61973] synonym: "diagonal band of broca" EXACT [] synonym: "diagonal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61973] synonym: "olfactory fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:61973] synonym: "olfactory radiations of zuckerkandl" EXACT [] synonym: "stria diagonalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Diagonal_band_of_Broca] synonym: "stria diagonalis" RELATED [BTO:0002445] synonym: "stria diagonalis (Broca)" RELATED [BTO:0002445] xref: BTO:0002445 xref: FMA:61973 xref: GAID:684 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Gray724.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gray724.png/200px-Gray724.png xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.380 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1551 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002742 name: lamina of septum pellucidum namespace: uberon def: "One of two layers of both white and gray matter of the septum pellucidum. During fetal development there is a space between the two laminae called the cavum septum pellucidum which, in ninety per cent of cases, disappears during infancy." [Wikipedia:Septum_pellucidum#Layers] comment: editor note synonym: "laminae septi pellucidi" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "septum pellucidum lamina" EXACT [FMA:62472] xref: FMA:62472 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1554 xref: SCTID:12164006 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0002437 {is_inferred="true"} ! cerebral white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0004714 {source="FMA"} ! septum pellucidum [Term] id: UBERON:0002743 name: basal forebrain namespace: uberon def: "The basal forebrain is a collection of structures located ventrally to the striatum. It is considered to be the major cholinergic output of the CNS. It includes a group of structures that lie near the bottom of the front of the brain, including the nucleus basalis, diagonal band of Broca, and medial septal nuclei. These structures are important in the production of acetylcholine, which is then distributed widely throughout the brain. Acetylcholine affects the ability of brain cells to transmit information to one another, and also encourages plasticity, or learning. Thus, damage to the basal forebrain can reduce the amount of acetylcholine in the brain and impair learning. This may be one reason why basal forebrain damage can result in memory impairments such as amnesia and confabulation. One common cause of basal forebrain damage is aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery. Research, conducted by investigators from Children's Hospital Boston and the University of Helsinki, ties together previous observations about sleep and finds that nitric oxide production in the basal forebrain is both necessary and sufficient to produce sleep. This structure is defined, in part, as the place where adenosine acts on A1 receptors of cholinergic neurons. This results in hyperpolarization of cholinergic neurons, which inhibits the release of acetylcholine. Acetylcholine is known to promote wakefulness in the basal forebrain. Inhibition of acetylcholine release in the basal forebrain by adenosine causes slow wave sleep. The basal forebrain and adjacent areas are a focus for sleep research. Stimulating the basal forebrain gives rise to EEG sychrony and sleep. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Basal_forebrain] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pars basalis telencephali" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Basal_forebrain] xref: BM:Tel-BF xref: BTO:0002444 xref: FMA:77700 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/Basal_Forebrain_Monakhos_2007.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Basal_Forebrain_Monakhos_2007.png/200px-Basal_Forebrain_Monakhos_2007.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1560 is_a: UBERON:0002780 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of forebrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 {source="BTO"} ! forebrain [Term] id: UBERON:0002744 name: hilum of dentate nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "dentate nuclear hilum" EXACT [FMA:72548] xref: FMA:72548 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1561 xref: SCTID:369055003 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002745 name: ventral amygdalofugal projection namespace: uberon synonym: "ventral amygdalofugal pathway" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1563] xref: FMA:61977 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1563 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002746 name: intermediate periventricular nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "intermediate periventricular nucleus of hypothalamus" EXACT [FMA:62328] synonym: "periventricular nucleus at the tuberal level" EXACT [FMA:62328] xref: FMA:62328 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1564 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002747 name: neodentate part of dentate nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "neodentate portion of dentate nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72539] xref: FMA:72539 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1567 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002132 ! dentate nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002748 name: medial lemniscus of medulla namespace: uberon def: "A medial lemniscus that is part of a medulla [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla medial lemniscus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72621 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1570 is_a: UBERON:0002678 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of medulla oblongata is_a: UBERON:0003002 ! medial lemniscus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002749 name: regional part of cerebellar cortex namespace: uberon def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a cerebellar cortex [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "cerebellar cortical segment" EXACT [FMA:76924] synonym: "segment of cerebellar cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1571] xref: FMA:76924 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1571 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002946 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of cerebellum is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002750 name: medial longitudinal fasciculus of medulla namespace: uberon def: "A medial longitudinal fasciculus that is part of a medulla [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla medial longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72618 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1574 is_a: UBERON:0002309 ! medial longitudinal fasciculus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002751 name: inferior temporal gyrus namespace: uberon def: "The inferior temporal gyrus is placed below the middle temporal sulcus, and is connected behind with the inferior occipital gyrus; it also extends around the infero-lateral border on to the inferior surface of the temporal lobe, where it is limited by the inferior sulcus. This region is one of the higher levels of the ventral stream of visual processing, associated with the representation of complex object features, such as global shape. It may also be involved in face perception. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_temporal_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus temporalis inferior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1577] synonym: "gyrus temporalis inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_temporal_gyrus] synonym: "lateral occipitotemporal gyrus (heimer-83)" EXACT [] xref: BM:Tel-ITG xref: FMA:61907 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Gray726.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Gray726.png/200px-Gray726.png xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Temporal_Gyrus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1577 xref: SCTID:279191005 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002752 name: olivocerebellar tract namespace: uberon def: "The olivocerebellar tract (olivocerebellar fibers) leaves the olivary nucleus and pass out through the hilum and decussate with those from the opposite olive in the raph, then as internal arcuate fibers they pass partly through and partly around the opposite olive and enter the inferior peduncle to be distributed to the cerebellar hemisphere of the opposite side from which they arise. They terminate directly on Purkinje cells as the climbing fiber input system. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Olivocerebellar_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "t. olivocerebellaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Olivocerebellar_tract] xref: FMA:72638 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Gray695.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Gray695.png/200px-Gray695.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1579 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002753 name: posterior spinocerebellar tract namespace: uberon def: "The dorsal spinocerebellar tract (posterior spinocerebellar tract, Flechsig's fasciculus, Flechsig's tract) conveys proprioceptive information from the body to the cerebellum. It is part of the somatosensory system and runs in parallel with the ventral spinocerebellar tract. Proprioceptive information is taken to the via central processes of dorsal root ganglia (first order neurons). These central processes travel through the dorsal horn where they synapse with second order neurons of Clarke's nucleus. Axon fibers from Clarke's Nucleus convey this proprioceptive information in the spinal cord in the peripheral region of the posteriolateral funiculus ipsilaterally until it reaches the cerebellum, where unconscious proprioceptive information is processed. This tract involves two neurons and ends up on the same side of the body. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_spinocerebellar_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dorsal spinocerebellar tract" EXACT [FMA:72641] synonym: "flechsig's tract" EXACT [FMA:72641] xref: BM:DSCT xref: FMA:72641 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Spinal_cord_tracts_-_English.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1585 xref: SCTID:369284002 is_a: UBERON:0001018 ! axon tract is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0005413 ! spinocerebellar tract [Term] id: UBERON:0002754 name: predorsal bundle namespace: uberon synonym: "predorsal bundle of edinger" EXACT [] synonym: "predorsal fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:72614] synonym: "tectospinal fibers" EXACT [FMA:72614] xref: FMA:72614 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1590 is_a: UBERON:0005838 ! fasciculus of brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002755 name: pyramidal decussation namespace: uberon def: "When these pyramidal fibers are traced downward, it is found that some three-fifths or more of them leave the pyramids in successive bundles, and decussate in the anterior median fissure of the medulla oblongata, forming what is termed the pyramidal decussation or motor decussation. Having crossed the middle line, they pass down in the posterior part of the lateral funiculus as the lateral cerebrospinal fasciculus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Decussation_of_pyramids] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "corticospinal decussation" EXACT [FMA:72633] synonym: "decussatio pyramidum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72633, FMA:TA] synonym: "decussatio pyramidum medullae oblongatae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72633, FMA:TA] synonym: "decussation of corticospinal tract" EXACT [FMA:72633] synonym: "decussation of pyramidal tract fibers" EXACT [FMA:72633] synonym: "decussation of pyramids" EXACT [FMA:72633] synonym: "decussation of pyramids of medulla" EXACT [FMA:72633] synonym: "decussation of the pyramidal tract" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1594] synonym: "motor decussation" EXACT [FMA:72633] synonym: "motor decussation of medulla" EXACT [FMA:72633] synonym: "pyramidal decussation (pourfour du petit)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1594] xref: BM:Me-PyX xref: FMA:72633 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/Gray684.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Gray684.png/200px-Gray684.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1594 xref: SCTID:369058001 is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0007418 ! decussation of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002756 name: anterior cingulate gyrus namespace: uberon subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:61916 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Gray727_anterior_cingulate_cortex.png/200px-Gray727_anterior_cingulate_cortex.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1603 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002967 ! cingulate gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0009835 ! anterior cingulate cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002757 name: regional part of epithalamus namespace: uberon def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a epithalamus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "epithalamus segment" EXACT [FMA:62013] synonym: "segment of epithalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1607] xref: FMA:62013 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1607 is_a: UBERON:0002784 ! regional part of diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0002758 name: dorsal nucleus of medial geniculate body namespace: uberon synonym: "dorsal nucleus of medial geniculate complex" EXACT [FMA:62216] synonym: "medial geniculate complex, dorsal part" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1608] synonym: "medial geniculate nucleus, dorsal part" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1608] synonym: "nucleus corporis geniculati medialis, pars dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1608] synonym: "nucleus dorsalis coporis geniculati medialis" RELATED [BTO:0002673] synonym: "nucleus geniculatus medialis fibrosus (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1608] synonym: "nucleus geniculatus medialis pars dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1608] xref: ABA:MGd xref: BTO:0002673 xref: FMA:62216 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1608 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001927 ! medial geniculate body property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002759 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002985 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002759 name: magnocellular nucleus of medial geniculate body namespace: uberon synonym: "corpus geniculatus mediale, pars magnocelluaris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1612] synonym: "magnocelluar nucleus of medial geniculate complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1612] synonym: "medial division of medial geniculate body" EXACT [FMA:62218] synonym: "medial geniculate complex, medial part" EXACT [FMA:62218] synonym: "medial geniculate nucleus, medial part" EXACT [FMA:62218] synonym: "medial magnocellular nucleus of medial geniculate body" EXACT [FMA:62218] synonym: "medial nucleus of medial geniculate body" EXACT [FMA:62218] synonym: "nucleus corporis geniculati medialis, pars magnocelluaris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1612] synonym: "nucleus geniculatus medialis magnocelluaris (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1612] synonym: "nucleus geniculatus medialis, pars magnocelluaris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1612] synonym: "nucleus medialis magnocellularis corporis geniculati medialis" RELATED [BTO:0002672] xref: ABA:MGm xref: BTO:0002672 xref: FMA:62218 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1612 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001927 ! medial geniculate body property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002758 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002985 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002760 name: ventral corticospinal tract namespace: uberon def: "The anterior corticospinal tract (also called the ventral corticospinal tract, medial corticospinal tract, direct pyramidal tract, or anterior cerebrospinal fasciculus) is a small bundle of descending fibers that connect the cerebral cortex to the spinal cord. It is usually small, varying inversely in size with the lateral corticospinal tract, which is the main part of the corticospinal tract. It lies close to the anterior median fissure, and is present only in the upper part of the medulla spinalis; gradually diminishing in size as it descends, it ends about the middle of the thoracic region. It consists of descending fibers which arise from cells in the motor area of the cerebral hemisphere of the same side, and which, as they run downward in the medulla spinalis, cross in succession through the anterior white commissure to the opposite side, where they end, either directly or indirectly, by arborizing around the motor neurons in the anterior column. A few of its fibers are said to pass to the lateral column of the same side and to the gray matter at the base of the posterior column. They conduct voluntary motor impulses from the precentral gyrus to the motor centers of the cord. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_corticospinal_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior corticospinal tract" EXACT [FMA:72636] synonym: "anterior pyramidal tract" EXACT [FMA:72636] synonym: "anterior tract of turck" EXACT [] synonym: "bundle of turck" EXACT [] synonym: "column of turck" EXACT [] xref: FMA:72636 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1618 xref: SCTID:369092003 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002762 name: internal medullary lamina of thalamus namespace: uberon synonym: "internal medullary lamina" EXACT [FMA:62079] synonym: "internal medullary lamina of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62079] synonym: "lamina medullaris medialis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62079, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:62079 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1621 xref: SCTID:369161003 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002763 name: accessory medullary lamina namespace: uberon synonym: "accessory medullar lamina of pallidum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1626] synonym: "accessory medullary lamina" EXACT [FMA:62471] synonym: "accessory medullary lamina of corpus striatum" EXACT [FMA:62471] synonym: "accessory medullary lamina of globus pallidus" EXACT [FMA:62471] synonym: "incomplete medullary lamina of globus pallidus" EXACT [FMA:62471] synonym: "lamina medullaris accessoria corporis striati" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62471, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:62471 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1626 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0002437 {is_inferred="true"} ! cerebral white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001875 ! globus pallidus [Term] id: UBERON:0002765 name: lateral medullary lamina namespace: uberon synonym: "external medulary lamina of globus pallidus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1634] synonym: "external medulary lamina of lentiform nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1634] synonym: "external medullary lamina of corpus striatum" EXACT [FMA:62469] synonym: "external medullary lamina of globus pallidus" EXACT [FMA:62469] synonym: "external medullary lamina of lentiform nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62469] synonym: "lamina medullaris externa corporis striati" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62469, FMA:TA] synonym: "lamina medullaris lateralis corporis striati" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62469, FMA:TA] synonym: "lateral medulary lamina of globus pallidus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1634] synonym: "lateral medulary stria" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1634] synonym: "lateral medullary lamina" EXACT [FMA:62469] synonym: "lateral medullary lamina of corpus striatum" EXACT [FMA:62469] synonym: "lateral medullary lamina of globus pallidus" EXACT [FMA:62469] synonym: "lateral medullary lamina of pallidum" EXACT [FMA:62469] synonym: "lateral medullary stria" EXACT [FMA:62469] synonym: "medulary lamina of pallidum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1634] synonym: "outer medulary lamina" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1634] synonym: "outer medullary lamina" EXACT [FMA:62469] xref: FMA:62469 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1634 xref: SCTID:369204004 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0002437 {is_inferred="true"} ! cerebral white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001875 ! globus pallidus [Term] id: UBERON:0002766 name: fusiform gyrus namespace: uberon def: "The fusiform gyrus is part of the temporal lobe. It is also known as the (discontinuous) occipitotemporal gyrus. Other sources have the fusiform gyrus above the occipitotemporal gyrus and underneath the parahippocampal gyrus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Fusiform_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus fusiformis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fusiform_gyrus] synonym: "gyrus occipitotemporalis lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61908, FMA:TA] synonym: "lateral occipitotemporal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61908] synonym: "medial occipitotemporal gyrus-1 (heimer)" EXACT [] synonym: "occipitotemporal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61908] xref: FMA:61908 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Gray727.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Gray727.svg/200px-Gray727.svg.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1641 xref: SCTID:110678003 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002768 name: vestibulospinal tract namespace: uberon def: "a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in the vestibular nucleus of the pons towards target cells in the spinal cord[GO]." [Wikipedia:Vestibulospinal_tract] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "tractus vestibulospinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vestibulospinal_tract] synonym: "vestibulo-spinal tract" EXACT [ZFA:0000709] xref: FMA:72646 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Spinal_cord_tracts_-_English.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1643 xref: SCTID:369289007 xref: TAO:0000709 xref: ZFA:0000709 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002769 name: superior temporal gyrus namespace: uberon def: "A gyrus (plural gyri) is a bump or ridge on the surface of the brain. The superior temporal gyrus is one of three (sometimes two) gyri in the temporal lobe of the human brain. The superior temporal gyrus is bounded by: the lateral sulcus above; the superior temporal sulcus (not always present or visible) below; an imaginary line drawn from the preoccipital notch to the lateral sulcus posteriorly. The superior temporal gyrus contains several important structures of the brain, including: Brodmann areas 41 and 42, marking the location of the primary auditory cortex, the cortical region responsible for the sensation of sound; Wernicke's area, Brodmann 22p, an important region for the processing of speech so that it can be understood as language. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_temporal_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus temporalis superior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1648] synonym: "gyrus temporalis superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_temporal_gyrus] xref: BM:Tel-STG xref: EFO:0001944 xref: FMA:61905 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/Superior_temporal_gyrus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Superior_temporal_gyrus.png/200px-Superior_temporal_gyrus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Temporal_Gyrus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1648 xref: SCTID:362345008 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002770 name: posterior hypothalamic region namespace: uberon def: "The part of the hypothalamus posterior to the middle region consisting of several nuclei including the medial mamillary nucleus, lateral mamillary nucleus, and posterior hypothalamic nucleus (posterior hypothalamic area). The posterior hypothalamic area is concerned with control of sympathetic responses and is sensitive to conditions of decreasing temperature and controls the mechanisms for the conservation and increased production of heat." [MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.357.362] synonym: "mammillary level of hypothalamus" EXACT [FMA:62029] synonym: "mammillary region" EXACT [FMA:62029] synonym: "posterior hypothalamus" EXACT [FMA:62029] xref: FMA:62029 xref: GAID:651 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.357.362 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1651 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0002771 name: middle temporal gyrus namespace: uberon def: "Middle temporal gyrus is a gyrus in the brain on the Temporal lobe. It is located between the superior temporal gyrus and inferior temporal gyrus. Its exact function is unknown, but it has been connected with processes as different as contemplating distance, recognition of known faces, and accessing word meaning while reading. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Middle_temporal_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus temporalis medius" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1653] synonym: "intermediate temporal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61906] synonym: "medial temporal gyrus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Middle_temporal_gyrus] xref: EFO:0002466 xref: FMA:61906 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/49/WOROI_60_loc.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/WOROI_60_loc.png/200px-WOROI_60_loc.png xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Temporal_Gyrus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1653 xref: SCTID:279190006 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002773 name: anterior transverse temporal gyrus namespace: uberon synonym: "anterior transverse convolution of heschl" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1657] synonym: "anterior transverse temporal convolution of heschl" EXACT [] synonym: "first transverse gyrus of heschl" EXACT [] synonym: "great transverse gyrus of heschl" EXACT [] xref: FMA:61909 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1657 xref: SCTID:279192003 is_a: UBERON:0003939 ! transverse gyrus of Heschl [Term] id: UBERON:0002774 name: posterior transverse temporal gyrus namespace: uberon synonym: "posterior transverse convolution of heschl" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1661] synonym: "posterior transverse temporal convolution of heschl" EXACT [] xref: FMA:61910 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1661 xref: SCTID:279193008 is_a: UBERON:0003939 ! transverse gyrus of Heschl [Term] id: UBERON:0002775 name: olivocochlear bundle namespace: uberon synonym: "bundle of rasmussen" EXACT [] synonym: "efferent cochlear bundle" EXACT [FMA:72485] synonym: "olivocochlear bundle of rasmussen" EXACT [] synonym: "olivocochlear tract" EXACT [FMA:72485] synonym: "tractus olivocochlearis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72485, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:72485 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1666 xref: SCTID:369030009 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002776 name: ventral nuclear group namespace: uberon def: "The ventral nuclear group is a collection of nuclei on the ventral side of the thalamus. According to MeSH, it consists of the following: ventral anterior nucleus ventral lateral nucleus ventral posterior nucleus [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_nuclear_group] comment: Editors note: consider splitting nucleus from nuclear group subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nuclei ventrales thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1669] synonym: "ventral group of dorsal thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1669] synonym: "ventral nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62022] synonym: "ventral nuclear group of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62022] synonym: "ventral nuclear mass" EXACT [FMA:62022] synonym: "ventral nuclei of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62022] synonym: "ventral tier thalamic nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62022] xref: ABA:VENT xref: BTO:0002467 xref: EV:0100206 xref: FMA:62022 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1669 xref: SCTID:279125005 xref: ZFA:0005576 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002144 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002704 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002778 name: ventral pallidum namespace: uberon def: "Part of the globus pallidus, consistingo of the more medial of the two segments. In some species, e.g., primates, it is separated from the lateral segment by the fibers of the medial medullary lamina (MM)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1674] synonym: "ventral globus pallidus" RELATED [BTO:0004375] synonym: "ventral pallidum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1674] xref: ABA:PALv xref: BM:Tel-VPa xref: BTO:0004375 xref: FMA:77613 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1674 is_a: UBERON:0005401 {is_inferred="true"} ! cerebral grey matter is_a: UBERON:0006514 {source="FMA"} ! pallidum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001875 {source="NIF-def", source="BTO"} ! globus pallidus [Term] id: UBERON:0002779 name: lateral superior olivary nucleus namespace: uberon def: "In anatomy, the olivary bodies or simply olives (Latin oliva and olivae, singular and plural, respectively) are a pair of prominent oval structures in the medulla oblongata, the lower portion of the brainstem. They contain the olivary nuclei. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Olivary_body] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "accessory olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72472] synonym: "accessory superior olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72472] synonym: "accessory superior olive" EXACT [FMA:72472] synonym: "lateral superior olive" EXACT [FMA:72472] synonym: "superior olivary nucleus, lateral part" EXACT [FMA:72472] xref: BM:Pons-SOL xref: FMA:72472 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Gray679.png/200px-Gray679.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1675 xref: SCTID:360477003 is_a: UBERON:0007247 ! superior olivary nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002780 name: regional part of forebrain namespace: uberon def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a forebrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "forebrain segment" EXACT [FMA:61996] synonym: "segment of forebrain" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1677] xref: FMA:61996 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1677 is_a: UBERON:0002616 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002781 name: caudal part of ventral posterolateral nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "ventral posterior lateral nucleus (ilinsky)" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral posterolateral nucleus, caudal part" EXACT [FMA:62206] synonym: "ventral posterolateral thalamic nucleus, caudal part" EXACT [FMA:62206] xref: FMA:62206 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1681 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis [Term] id: UBERON:0002782 name: medial superior olivary nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The superior olivary complex (or SOC or superior olive) is a small mass of gray substance situated on the dorsal surface of the lateral part of the trapezoid body. Small in humans, but well developed in certain animals, it exhibits similar structure as the inferior olivary nucleus, and is situated immediately above it. Some of the fibers of the trapezoid body end by arborizing around the cells of this nucleus, while others arise from these cells. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_olivary_complex] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "chief nucleus of superior olive" EXACT [FMA:72473] synonym: "chief superior olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72473] synonym: "main superior olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72473] synonym: "medial superior olive" EXACT [FMA:72473] synonym: "nucleus laminaris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1682] synonym: "principal superior olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72473] synonym: "superior olivary nucleus, medial part" EXACT [FMA:72473] xref: BM:Pons-SOM xref: FMA:72473 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Gray713.png/200px-Gray713.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1682 is_a: UBERON:0007247 ! superior olivary nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002783 name: central tegmental tract of pons namespace: uberon xref: FMA:72494 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1683 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002784 name: regional part of diencephalon namespace: uberon def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "diencephalon segment" EXACT [FMA:62005] xref: FMA:62005 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1685 xref: SCTID:119264001 is_a: UBERON:0002780 ! regional part of forebrain [Term] id: UBERON:0002785 name: regional part of lateral hypothalamic region namespace: uberon def: "A multi-tissue structure that is part of a lateral hypothalamic area." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "lateral hypothalamic region segment" EXACT [FMA:62312] synonym: "segment of lateral hypothalamic region" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1687] xref: FMA:62312 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1687 is_a: UBERON:0003048 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of hypothalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0002787 name: decussation of trochlear nerve namespace: uberon synonym: "decussation of trochlear nerve (IV)" EXACT [FMA:72488] synonym: "trochlear neural decussation" EXACT [FMA:72488] xref: FMA:72488 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1690 is_a: UBERON:0007418 ! decussation of neuraxis [Term] id: UBERON:0002788 name: anterior nuclear group namespace: uberon def: "The anterior nuclei of thalamus (or anterior nuclear group) are collection of nuclei at the rostral end of the dorsal thalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anterior_nuclear_group] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62019] synonym: "anterior nuclear group of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62019] synonym: "anterior nuclei of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62019] synonym: "anterior nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62019] synonym: "anterior thalamic group" EXACT [MA:0000861] synonym: "anterior thalamic nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62019] synonym: "anterior thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1692] synonym: "nuclei anterior thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1692] synonym: "nuclei anteriores (thalami)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1692] synonym: "nuclei anteriores thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1692] synonym: "nuclei thalamicus anterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1692] synonym: "rostral thalamic nucleus" RELATED [TAO:0000427] xref: ABA:ATN xref: EV:0100196 xref: FMA:62019 xref: GAID:658 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png xref: MA:0000861 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.826.701.080 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1692 xref: SCTID:279124009 xref: TAO:0000427 xref: ZFA:0000427 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004703 {source="MA"} ! dorsal thalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0002789 name: regional part of posterior hypothalamic region namespace: uberon def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a posterior hypothalamic region [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "posterior hypothalamic region segment" EXACT [FMA:62311] synonym: "segment of posterior hypothalamic region" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1697] xref: FMA:62311 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1697 is_a: UBERON:0003048 ! regional part of hypothalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0002790 name: dorsal acoustic stria namespace: uberon synonym: "posterior acoustic stria" EXACT [FMA:72496] synonym: "stria cochlearis posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72496, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:72496 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1698 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002791 name: regional part of telencephalon namespace: uberon def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a telencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "segment of telencephalon" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1700] synonym: "telencephalon segment" EXACT [FMA:62374] xref: FMA:62374 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1700 is_a: UBERON:0002780 ! regional part of forebrain [Term] id: UBERON:0002792 name: lumbar spinal cord namespace: uberon def: "." [Wikipedia:Lumbar_spinal_cord] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lumbar segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:71168] synonym: "lumbar segments of spinal cord [1-5]" EXACT [FMA:71168] synonym: "lumbar spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:71168] synonym: "segmenta lumbalia medullae spinalis [1-5]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71168, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:71168 xref: ncithesaurus:Lumbar_Spinal_Cord xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1704 xref: SCTID:180962006 xref: UMLS:C0581621 [Term] id: UBERON:0002793 name: dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of pons namespace: uberon def: "A dorsal longitudinal fasciculus that is part of a pons." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72492 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1707 is_a: UBERON:0003045 ! dorsal longitudinal fasciculus intersection_of: UBERON:0003045 ! dorsal longitudinal fasciculus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons [Term] id: UBERON:0002794 name: medial longitudinal fasciculus of pons namespace: uberon def: "A medial longitudinal fasciculus that is part of a pons [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medial longitudinal fasciculus of pons of varolius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pons medial longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pons of varolius medial longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72493 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1708 is_a: UBERON:0002309 ! medial longitudinal fasciculus intersection_of: UBERON:0002309 ! medial longitudinal fasciculus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons [Term] id: UBERON:0002795 name: frontal pole namespace: uberon def: "Component of the frontal lobe. The rostral and caudal boundaries of the frontal pole are the superior frontal gyrus and the rostral division of the middle frontal gyrus respectively (Christine Fennama-Notestine)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1716] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "polus frontalis" EXACT [NeuroNames:57] xref: FMA:74885 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Human_brain_lateral_view_description.JPG/200px-Human_brain_lateral_view_description.JPG xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1716 xref: SCTID:314144002 intersection_of: UBERON:0009899 ! pole of cerebral hemisphere intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001870 ! frontal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002796 name: motor root of trigeminal nerve namespace: uberon comment: todo - check ZFA synonym: "dorsal motor root of v" RELATED [TAO:0000650] synonym: "motor branch of trigeminal nerve" EXACT [FMA:52612] synonym: "motor root of nervus v" EXACT [] synonym: "radix motoria (Nervus trigeminus [V])" EXACT [FMA:52612] xref: FMA:52612 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1717 xref: SCTID:280189001 xref: TAO:0000650 xref: ZFA:0000650 is_a: UBERON:0004673 ! trigeminal nerve root relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005239 {source="Wikipedia"} ! basal plate metencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0002797 name: dorsal trigeminal tract namespace: uberon def: "The dorsal trigeminal tract (dorsal trigeminothalamic tract, or lemniscus) is a tract which receives signals from Meissner's corpuscles and Pacinian corpuscles. this tract arises from Principal trigeminal nucleus and terminates in the VPM nucleus of the thalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_trigeminal_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dorsal ascending trigeminal tract" EXACT [FMA:72500] synonym: "dorsal division of trigeminal lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72500] synonym: "dorsal secondary ascending tract of v" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal secondary tract of v" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal trigeminal lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72500] synonym: "dorsal trigeminal pathway" EXACT [FMA:72500] synonym: "dorsal trigeminothalamic tract" EXACT [FMA:72500] synonym: "posterior trigeminothalamic tract" EXACT [FMA:72500] synonym: "reticulothalamic tract" EXACT [FMA:72500] synonym: "tractus trigeminothalamicus posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72500, FMA:TA] synonym: "uncrossed dorsal trigeminothalamic tract" EXACT [FMA:72500] xref: FMA:72500 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1718 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002798 name: spinothalamic tract of pons namespace: uberon def: "Part of spinothalamic tract that is in the pontine tegmentum" [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1719] synonym: "pons of varolius spinothalamic tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pons of varolius spinothalamic tract of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pons spinothalamic tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pons spinothalamic tract of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinothalamic tract of medulla of pons" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinothalamic tract of medulla of pons of varolius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinothalamic tract of pons of varolius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72504 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1719 xref: SCTID:369026006 is_a: UBERON:0007702 {source="FMA"} ! tract of brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 {source="FMA"} ! pontine tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0007703 ! spinothalamic tract [Term] id: UBERON:0002799 name: fronto-orbital sulcus namespace: uberon synonym: "fronto-orbital dimple" EXACT [FMA:83768] synonym: "orbito-frontal sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83768] synonym: "orbitofrontal sulcus" EXACT [BM:Tel-Cx-OFS] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-OFS xref: FMA:83768 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1724 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004167 ! orbitofrontal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002800 name: spinal trigeminal tract of pons namespace: uberon xref: FMA:72507 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1725 xref: SCTID:369027002 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002801 name: stratum zonale of thalamus namespace: uberon synonym: "neuraxis stratum" EXACT [FMA:83905] synonym: "stratum zonale thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1727] xref: FMA:83905 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1727 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002802 name: left parietal lobe namespace: uberon def: "A parietal lobe that is part of a left cerebral hemisphere." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72974 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1728 xref: SCTID:314147009 intersection_of: UBERON:0001872 ! parietal lobe intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002812 ! left cerebral hemisphere property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002803 [Term] id: UBERON:0002803 name: right parietal lobe namespace: uberon def: "A parietal lobe that is part of a right cerebral hemisphere." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72973 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1729 xref: SCTID:314146000 intersection_of: UBERON:0001872 ! parietal lobe intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002813 ! right cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0002804 name: left limbic lobe namespace: uberon def: "A limbic lobe that is part of a left cerebral hemisphere." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72981 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1780 intersection_of: UBERON:0002600 ! limbic lobe intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002812 ! left cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0002805 name: right limbic lobe namespace: uberon def: "A limbic lobe that is part of a right cerebral hemisphere." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72980 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1781 intersection_of: UBERON:0002600 ! limbic lobe intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002813 ! right cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0002806 name: left occipital lobe namespace: uberon def: "An occipital lobe that is part of a left cerebral hemisphere." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72976 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1782 xref: SCTID:314150007 intersection_of: UBERON:0002021 ! occipital lobe intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002812 ! left cerebral hemisphere property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002807 [Term] id: UBERON:0002807 name: right occipital lobe namespace: uberon def: "An occipital lobe that is part of a right cerebral hemisphere." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72975 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1783 xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rv9OFy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:314149007 intersection_of: UBERON:0002021 ! occipital lobe intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002813 ! right cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0002808 name: left temporal lobe namespace: uberon def: "A temporal lobe that is part of a left cerebral hemisphere." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72972 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1784 xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgIFoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rwQLi-ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:314158000 intersection_of: UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002812 ! left cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0002809 name: right temporal lobe namespace: uberon def: "A temporal lobe that is part of a right cerebral hemisphere." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72971 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1785 xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rwQLi-ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:314157005 intersection_of: UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002813 ! right cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0002810 name: right frontal lobe namespace: uberon def: "A frontal cortex that is part of a right cerebral hemisphere." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72969 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1786 xref: SCTID:314141005 intersection_of: UBERON:0001870 ! frontal cortex intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002813 ! right cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0002811 name: left frontal lobe namespace: uberon def: "A frontal cortex that is part of a left cerebral hemisphere." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72970 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1787 xref: SCTID:314142003 intersection_of: UBERON:0001870 ! frontal cortex intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002812 ! left cerebral hemisphere property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002810 [Term] id: UBERON:0002812 name: left cerebral hemisphere namespace: uberon def: "A cerebral hemisphere that is in the left side of a brain." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left hemisphere" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1795] xref: FMA:61819 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Cerebral_Hemisphere xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1795 xref: SCTID:362323007 xref: UMLS:C0228176 intersection_of: UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002813 name: right cerebral hemisphere namespace: uberon def: "A cerebral hemisphere that is in the right side of a brain." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right hemisphere" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1797] xref: FMA:67292 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Cerebral_Hemisphere xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1797 xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvigx5ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362322002 xref: UMLS:C0228175 intersection_of: UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002814 name: posterior superior fissure namespace: uberon synonym: "fissura post clivalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83733, FMA:TA] synonym: "post-clival fissure" EXACT [FMA:83733] synonym: "postclival fissure" EXACT [FMA:83733] synonym: "posterior superior fissure of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83733] synonym: "postlunate fissure" EXACT [FMA:83733] xref: FMA:83733 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_20081254 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081254 xref: SCTID:314170001 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0002815 name: horizontal fissure namespace: uberon def: "The largest and deepest fissure in the cerebellum is named the horizontal sulcus (or horizontal fissure). It commences in front of the pons, and passes horizontally around the free margin of the hemisphere to the middle line behind, and divides the cerebellum into an upper and a lower portion. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Horizontal_fissure_of_cerebellum] synonym: "fissura horizontalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Horizontal_fissure_of_cerebellum] synonym: "fissura intercruralis cerebelli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75135, FMA:TA] synonym: "great horizontal fissure" EXACT [FMA:75135] synonym: "horizontal fissure of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "horizontal fissure of right lung(line)" EXACT [FMA:14697] synonym: "horizontal sulcus" EXACT [] synonym: "intercrural fissure of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:75135] xref: FMA:14697 xref: FMA:75135 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Gray702.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Gray702.png/200px-Gray702.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_20081255 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081255 xref: SCTID:314173004 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0002816 name: prepyramidal fissure namespace: uberon synonym: "fissura prebiventralis cerebelli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75138, FMA:TA] synonym: "prebiventral fissure of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:75138] synonym: "prepyramidal fissure of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:75138] synonym: "prepyramidal sulcus" EXACT [FMA:75138] xref: FMA:75138 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_20081257 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081257 xref: SCTID:314171002 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0002817 name: secondary fissure namespace: uberon synonym: "fissura postpyramidalis cerebelli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:84043, FMA:TA] synonym: "post-pyramidal fissure of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:84043] synonym: "postpyramidal fissure" EXACT [FMA:84043] synonym: "secondary fissure" EXACT [FMA:84043] synonym: "secondary fissure of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:84043] xref: FMA:84043 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_20081258 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081258 xref: SCTID:314169002 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0002818 name: posterolateral fissure namespace: uberon synonym: "dorsolateral fissure of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83730] synonym: "posterolateral fissure of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83730] synonym: "prenodular fissure" EXACT [FMA:83730] synonym: "prenodular sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83730] synonym: "uvulonodular fissure" EXACT [FMA:83730] xref: FMA:83730 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_20081259 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081259 xref: SCTID:314172009 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0002824 name: vestibular ganglion namespace: uberon def: "The vestibular nerve ganglion (also called Scarpa's ganglion) is the ganglion of the vestibular nerve. It contains the cell bodies of the bipolar primary afferent neurons whose peripheral processes form synaptic contact with hair cells of the vestibular sensory end organs[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Scarpa%27s_ganglion] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Scarpa's ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53435] synonym: "vestibulocochlear component" EXACT [] synonym: "vestibulocochlear VIII ganglion vestibular component" EXACT [MA:0001086] xref: EMAPA:17573 xref: FMA:53435 xref: MA:0001086 xref: ncithesaurus:Vestibular_Ganglion xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2549 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002199 xref: SCTID:244450009 xref: UMLS:C0036286 xref: VHOG:0000682 is_a: UBERON:0001714 {source="FMA"} ! cranial ganglion is_a: UBERON:0001800 {source="ncithesaurus"} ! sensory ganglion relationship: part_of UBERON:0002827 {source="MA"} ! auditory ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002825 name: superior part of vestibular ganglion namespace: uberon synonym: "pars superior vestibularis" RELATED [MA:0002778] synonym: "vestibular ganglion superior part" EXACT [MA:0002778] xref: FMA:77531 xref: MA:0002778 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2551 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002824 ! vestibular ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002826 name: inferior part of vestibular ganglion namespace: uberon synonym: "vestibular ganglion inferior part" EXACT [MA:0002779] xref: FMA:77532 xref: MA:0002779 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2552 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002824 ! vestibular ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002827 name: auditory ganglion namespace: uberon comment: Editor notes: Consider follow MA naming scheme. // The cell bodies of the cochlear nerve lie within the central aspect of the cochlea and are collectively known as the spiral ganglion. This name reflects the fact that the cell bodies, considered as a unit, have a spiral (or perhaps more accurately, a helical) shape, reflecting the shape of the cochlea. The terms "cochlear nerve fiber" and "spiral ganglion cell" are used, to some degree, interchangeably, although the former may be used to more specifically refer to the central axons of the cochlear nerve. These central axons exit the cochlea at its base, where it forms a nerve trunk. In humans, this aspect of the nerve is roughly one inch in length. It projects centrally to the brainstem, where its fibers synapse with the cell bodies of the cochlear nucleus[Wikipedia:Cochlear_nerve] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "acoustic ganglion" RELATED [VHOG:0000696] synonym: "acoustic ganglion VIII" EXACT [EMAPA:16982] synonym: "acoustico-vestibular VIII ganglion" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002196] synonym: "auditory ganglion" EXACT [ZFA:0000588] synonym: "ganglion VIII" EXACT [] synonym: "gVIII" EXACT [ZFA:0000588] synonym: "SAG" BROAD [ZFA:0000588] synonym: "statoacoustic (VIII) ganglion" EXACT [ZFA:0000588] synonym: "statoacoustic ganglia" EXACT [ZFA:0000588] synonym: "statoacoustic VIII ganglion" RELATED [VHOG:0000696] synonym: "vestibulocochlear VIII ganglion" EXACT [MA:0001084] xref: EFO:0003543 xref: EHDAA2:0002196 xref: EHDAA:5569 xref: EHDAA:6653 xref: EMAPA:16982 xref: EMAPA:17571 xref: MA:0001084 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2564 xref: TAO:0000588 xref: VHOG:0000696 xref: XAO:0004142 xref: ZFA:0000588 is_a: UBERON:0001714 {source="ZFA"} ! cranial ganglion relationship: develops_from UBERON:0012175 {source="EHDAA2"} ! acoustico-facial VII-VIII ganglion complex property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The sensory ganglion of the ear. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for statoacoustic ganglion by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000588", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 " (During the development of the inner ear in a vertebrate embryo) As the otic placode invaginates into a cup neuroblasts delaminate from the anterior ventral aspect of the otic epithelium to give rise to neurons of the vestibulocochlear (statoacoustic) ganglion of cranial nerve VIII.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000696", ontology="VHOG", source="PMID:21452441 Park BY, Saint-Jeannet JP, Induction and Segregation of the Vertebrate Cranial Placodes. Developmental Biology (2010)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002828 name: ventral cochlear nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The ventral cochlear nucleus (or anterior, or accessory), placed between the two divisions of the cochlear nerve, is on the ventral aspect of the inferior peduncle. Composed of several regions of distinct cell types, this nucleus serves primarily as a relay station for ascending auditory information. Bushy cells in the anterior ventral cochlear nucleus (AVCN), which receive end bulbs of held from auditory nerve fibers, project to the superior olivary complex through the trapezoid body and intermediate acoustic stria. Other cell types project to the lateral lemniscus and the inferior colliculus directly. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_cochlear_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior cochlear nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54621] synonym: "c1281209" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2567] synonym: "ventral cochlear nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54621] xref: ABA:VCO xref: BM:CV xref: FMA:54621 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Gray760.png/200px-Gray760.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2567 xref: SCTID:280178008 is_a: UBERON:0001720 ! cochlear nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002829 name: dorsal cochlear nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN, also known as the 'tuberculum acousticum'), is a cortex-like structure on the dorso-lateral surface of the brainstem. Along with the ventral cochlear nucleus, it forms the cochlear nucleus, where all auditory nerve fibers from the cochlea form their first synapses. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_cochlear_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dorsal cochlear nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54624] synonym: "dorsal division of cochlear nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54624] synonym: "nucleus cochlearis posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsal_cochlear_nucleus] synonym: "posterior cochlear nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54624] synonym: "tuberculum acousticum" EXACT [] xref: ABA:DCO xref: BM:Me-CD xref: FMA:54624 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Gray760.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Gray760.png/200px-Gray760.png xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Cochlear_Nucleus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2569 xref: SCTID:280179000 xref: UMLS:C0175499 is_a: UBERON:0001720 ! cochlear nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002830 name: anteroventral cochlear nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "anterior part of anterior cochlear nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2572] synonym: "anteroventral auditory nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72571] synonym: "nucleus magnocellularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2572] xref: FMA:72571 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2572 is_a: UBERON:0001720 ! cochlear nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002831 name: posteroventral cochlear nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "posterior part of anterior cochlear nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2573] xref: FMA:72572 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2573 is_a: UBERON:0001720 ! cochlear nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002832 name: ventral nucleus of trapezoid body namespace: uberon synonym: "anterior nucleus of trapezoid body" EXACT [FMA:72477] synonym: "nucleus anterior corporis trapezoidei" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72477, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:72477 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2576 xref: SCTID:369020000 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007247 {is_inferred="true"} ! superior olivary nucleus is_a: UBERON:0007633 ! nucleus of trapezoid body relationship: part_of UBERON:0002128 ! superior olivary complex [Term] id: UBERON:0002833 name: medial nucleus of trapezoid body namespace: uberon xref: FMA:75732 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2595 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007633 ! nucleus of trapezoid body [Term] id: UBERON:0002834 name: cervical dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon synonym: "cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6005] synonym: "cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6005] xref: FMA:6005 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2599 xref: SCTID:278325008 is_a: UBERON:0000044 ! dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002835 name: thoracic dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon def: "A dorsal root ganglion that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal root ganglion of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ganglion of dorsal root of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ganglion spinalis of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6006] synonym: "thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6006] synonym: "thorax dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thorax ganglion of dorsal root" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thorax ganglion spinalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:6006 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2600 xref: SCTID:278326009 is_a: UBERON:0000044 ! dorsal root ganglion is_a: UBERON:0000961 ! thoracic ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002836 name: lumbar dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon def: "the group of nerve cell bodies located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column at the level of the lumbar vertebrae." [MP:0006404] synonym: "lumbar dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6007] synonym: "lumbar spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6007] xref: FMA:6007 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2601 xref: SCTID:278327000 is_a: UBERON:0000044 ! dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002837 name: sacral dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon synonym: "sacral dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6008] synonym: "sacral spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6008] xref: FMA:6008 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2602 xref: SCTID:278328005 is_a: UBERON:0000044 ! dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002838 name: first cervical dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "first cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6010] synonym: "first cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6010] xref: EMAPA:25144 xref: FMA:6010 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2603 is_a: UBERON:0002834 ! cervical dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002839 name: second cervical dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "second cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6315] synonym: "second cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6315] xref: EMAPA:25155 xref: FMA:6315 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2604 is_a: UBERON:0002834 ! cervical dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002840 name: third cervical dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "third cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6316] synonym: "third cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6316] xref: EMAPA:25156 xref: FMA:6316 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2605 is_a: UBERON:0002834 ! cervical dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002841 name: fourth cervical dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "fourth cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6317] synonym: "fourth cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6317] xref: EMAPA:25157 xref: FMA:6317 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2606 is_a: UBERON:0002834 ! cervical dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002842 name: fifth cervical dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "fifth cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6318] synonym: "fifth cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6318] xref: EMAPA:25158 xref: FMA:6318 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2607 is_a: UBERON:0002834 ! cervical dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002843 name: seventh cervical dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "seventh cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6360] synonym: "seventh cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6360] xref: EMAPA:25160 xref: FMA:6360 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2609 is_a: UBERON:0002834 ! cervical dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002844 name: eighth cervical dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "eighth cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6361] synonym: "eighth cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6361] xref: FMA:6361 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2610 is_a: UBERON:0002834 ! cervical dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002845 name: first thoracic dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "first thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6321] synonym: "first thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6321] xref: EMAPA:25174 xref: FMA:6321 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2611 is_a: UBERON:0002835 ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002846 name: second thoracic dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "second thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6322] synonym: "second thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6322] xref: EMAPA:25175 xref: FMA:6322 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2612 is_a: UBERON:0002835 ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002847 name: third thoracic dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "third thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6323] synonym: "third thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6323] xref: EMAPA:25176 xref: FMA:6323 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2613 is_a: UBERON:0002835 ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002848 name: fifth thoracic dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "fifth thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6325] synonym: "fifth thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6325] xref: EMAPA:25179 xref: FMA:6325 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2615 is_a: UBERON:0002835 ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002849 name: sixth thoracic dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "sixth thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6326] synonym: "sixth thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6326] xref: EMAPA:25178 xref: FMA:6326 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2616 is_a: UBERON:0002835 ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002850 name: seventh thoracic dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "seventh thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6327] synonym: "seventh thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6327] xref: EMAPA:25180 xref: FMA:6327 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2617 is_a: UBERON:0002835 ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002851 name: eighth thoracic dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "eighth thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6328] synonym: "eighth thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6328] xref: EMAPA:25181 xref: FMA:6328 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2618 is_a: UBERON:0002835 ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002852 name: ninth thoracic dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "ninth thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6329] synonym: "ninth thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6329] xref: EMAPA:25182 xref: FMA:6329 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2619 is_a: UBERON:0002835 ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002853 name: tenth thoracic dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "tenth thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6330] synonym: "tenth thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6330] xref: EMAPA:25183 xref: FMA:6330 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2620 is_a: UBERON:0002835 ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002854 name: eleventh thoracic dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "eleventh thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6331] synonym: "eleventh thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6331] xref: EMAPA:25184 xref: FMA:6331 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2621 is_a: UBERON:0002835 ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002855 name: twelfth thoracic dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "twelfth thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6332] synonym: "twelfth thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6332] xref: EMAPA:25185 xref: FMA:6332 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2622 is_a: UBERON:0002835 ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002856 name: second lumbar dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "second lumbar dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6336] synonym: "second lumbar spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6336] xref: EMAPA:25165 xref: FMA:6336 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2623 is_a: UBERON:0002836 ! lumbar dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002857 name: first lumbar dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "first lumbar dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6335] synonym: "first lumbar spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6335] xref: EMAPA:25164 xref: FMA:6335 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2624 is_a: UBERON:0002836 ! lumbar dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002858 name: third lumbar dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "third lumbar dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6337] synonym: "third lumbar spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6337] xref: EMAPA:25166 xref: FMA:6337 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2625 is_a: UBERON:0002836 ! lumbar dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002859 name: fifth lumbar dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0003944 def: "the group of nerve cell bodies located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column at the level of the fifth lumbar vertebra" [MP:0001022] subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "fifth lumbar dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6339] synonym: "fifth lumbar spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6339] synonym: "L5 dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [MP:0001022] xref: EMAPA:25168 xref: FMA:6339 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2627 is_a: UBERON:0002836 ! lumbar dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002860 name: first sacral dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "first sacral dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6342] synonym: "first sacral spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6342] xref: EMAPA:25170 xref: FMA:6342 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2628 is_a: UBERON:0002837 ! sacral dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002861 name: second sacral dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "second sacral dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6343] synonym: "second sacral spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6343] xref: EMAPA:25171 xref: FMA:6343 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2629 is_a: UBERON:0002837 ! sacral dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002862 name: third sacral dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "third sacral dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6344] synonym: "third sacral spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6344] xref: EMAPA:25172 xref: FMA:6344 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2630 is_a: UBERON:0002837 ! sacral dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002863 name: fifth sacral dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "fifth sacral dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6346] synonym: "fifth sacral spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6346] xref: FMA:6346 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2632 is_a: UBERON:0002837 ! sacral dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002864 name: accessory cuneate nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The accessory cuneate nucleus is located lateral to the cuneate nucleus in the medulla oblongata at the level of the sensory decussation. It receives input from cervical spinal nerves and transmits that information to the cerebellum. These fibers are called cuneocerebellar (cuneate nucleus > cerebellum) fibers. In this function, the accessory cuneate nucleus is comparable to the upper extremity portion of the posterior spinocerebellar tract. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Accessory_cuneate_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "external cuneate nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72603] synonym: "lateral cuneate nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72603] synonym: "nucleus cuneatus accessorius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Accessory_cuneate_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus of corpus restiforme" EXACT [FMA:72603] xref: ABA:ECU xref: BM:Me-CX xref: EV:0100285 xref: FMA:72603 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Gray694.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Gray694.png/200px-Gray694.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2634 xref: SCTID:15575006 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002126 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002162 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002591 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002610 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002866 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002873 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007633 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002865 name: arcuate nucleus of medulla namespace: uberon def: "An arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus that is part of a medulla [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arcuate hypothalamic nucleus of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arcuate nucleus-1" EXACT [FMA:72609] synonym: "arcuate nucleus-2 of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arcuate periventricular nucleus of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "infundibular hypothalamic nucleus of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "infundibular nucleus of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "infundibular periventricular nucleus of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medial arcuate nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72609] synonym: "medulla arcuate hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla arcuate nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla arcuate nucleus-2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla arcuate periventricular nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla infundibular hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla infundibular nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla infundibular periventricular nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nucleus arciformis pyramidalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2635] xref: FMA:72609 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2635 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002866 name: caudal part of spinal trigeminal nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "caudal nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2637] synonym: "caudal nucleus (kandell)" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal trigeminal nucleus, caudal part" EXACT [FMA:72606] xref: ABA:SPVC xref: EV:0100235 xref: FMA:72606 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.931.920.927 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2637 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001717 ! spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002126 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002162 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002591 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002610 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002864 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002873 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007633 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002867 name: central gray substance of medulla namespace: uberon synonym: "central gray matter" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2638] synonym: "medullary central gray substance" EXACT [FMA:72595] xref: FMA:72595 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2638 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002868 name: commissural nucleus of vagus nerve namespace: uberon synonym: "commissural nucleus-1" EXACT [FMA:54597] synonym: "nucleus of inferior commissure" EXACT [FMA:54597] synonym: "nucleus of inferior commisure" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2639] xref: FMA:54597 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2639 is_a: UBERON:0011775 {source="FMA"} ! vagus nerve nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002869 name: diffuse reticular nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "kolloker-fuse nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2641] synonym: "nucleus of kolliker-fuse" EXACT [] xref: FMA:72598 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2641 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002870 name: dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve namespace: uberon def: "The dorsal nucleus of the vagus nerve (or posterior motor nucleus of vagus) is a cranial nerve nucleus for the vagus nerve that arises from the floor of the fourth ventricle. It mostly serves parasympathetic vagal functions in the heart, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, and other thoracic and abdominal vagal innervations. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dorsal efferent nucleus of vagus" EXACT [FMA:54592] synonym: "dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve] synonym: "dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve] synonym: "dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve] synonym: "dorsal motor nucleus of vagus X nerve" EXACT [MA:0001036] synonym: "dorsal motor vagal nucleus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve] synonym: "dorsal nucleus of the vagus nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve] synonym: "dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve] synonym: "dorsal vagal nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2642] synonym: "dorsal vagal nucleus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve] synonym: "nucleus alaris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2642] synonym: "nucleus posterior nervi vagi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve] synonym: "posterior nucleus of vagus nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve] synonym: "vagus nucleus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve] xref: ABA:DMX xref: BM:DX xref: EHDAA2:0004649 xref: EV:0100287 xref: FMA:54592 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Gray697.png/200px-Gray697.png xref: MA:0001036 xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Nucleus_of_the_Vagus_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2642 xref: SCTID:52884007 xref: UMLS:C0926535 is_a: UBERON:0007635 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of medulla oblongata is_a: UBERON:0011778 ! motor nucleus of vagal nerve relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010127 {evidence="definitional"} ! future dorsal motor nucleus of vagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="NIF", source="MA"} ! medulla oblongata property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002154 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002559 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002871 name: hypoglossal nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The hypoglossal nucleus is a cranial nerve nucleus, and it extends the length of the medulla, and being a motor nucleus, is close to the midline. In the open medulla, it is visible as what is known as the hypoglossal trigone, a raised area (medial to the vagal trigone) protruding slightly into the fourth ventricle. In the closed medulla, the gracile and cuneate nuclei lie posteriorly, which means the nucleus is not as close to the back of the medulla as in the open medulla. It is, however, still close to the midline. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Hypoglossal_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "hypoglossal nerve nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54505] synonym: "hypoglossal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54505] synonym: "hypoglossal XII nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001039] synonym: "nucleus nervi hypoglossi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54505, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus nervi hypoglossi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hypoglossal_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus of hypoglossal nerve" EXACT [FMA:54505] synonym: "twelfth cranial nerve nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54505] xref: ABA:XII xref: BM:XII xref: EHDAA2:0004635 xref: EV:0100286 xref: FMA:54505 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Gray694.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Gray694.png/200px-Gray694.png xref: MA:0001039 xref: ncithesaurus:Hypoglossal_Nucleus xref: ncithesaurus:Nucleus_of_the_Hypoglossal_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2644 xref: SCTID:47361005 xref: UMLS:C0228802 xref: VHOG:0001358 is_a: UBERON:0000126 ! cranial nerve nucleus is_a: UBERON:0007635 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002154 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002559 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002872 name: inferior salivatory nucleus namespace: uberon def: "In the brain, the inferior salivatory nucleus is a cluster of neurons controlling the parasympathetic input to the parotid gland. It is one of the components of the glossopharyngeal nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_salivatory_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "inferior salivary nucleus" EXACT [GO:0021752] synonym: "inferior salivatary nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus salivatorius inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_salivatory_nucleus] xref: ABA:ISN xref: EHDAA2:0004641 xref: FMA:72601 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/Gray843.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Gray843.png/200px-Gray843.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2645 is_a: UBERON:0004133 ! salivatory nucleus relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001649 ! glossopharyngeal nerve relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010124 {evidence="definitional"} ! future inferior salivatory nucleus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002154 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002559 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002873 name: interpolar part of spinal trigeminal nucleus namespace: uberon xref: ABA:SPVI xref: FMA:235324 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2646 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001717 ! spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002126 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002162 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002591 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002610 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002864 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002866 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007633 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002874 name: lateral pericuneate nucleus namespace: uberon xref: FMA:72604 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2647 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002875 name: medial pericuneate nucleus namespace: uberon xref: FMA:72605 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2648 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002876 name: nucleus intercalatus namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0002878 comment: two NIF classes with the same name synonym: "intercalated nucleus of medulla" EXACT [FMA:72597] synonym: "nucleus intercalatus of medulla" EXACT [FMA:72597] synonym: "nucleus of staderini" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus staderini" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2651] synonym: "nucleus staderini" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2654] xref: EV:0100291 xref: FMA:72597 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2651 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2654 xref: SCTID:369077004 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002877 name: parasolitary nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "nucleus fasciculus solitarius" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2653] synonym: "nucleus juxtasolitarius" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2653] xref: ABA:PAS xref: FMA:77091 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2653 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002154 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002559 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002879 name: peritrigeminal nucleus namespace: uberon xref: FMA:72600 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2655 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002880 name: pontobulbar nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "nucleus of circumolivary bundle" EXACT [FMA:72608] synonym: "pontobulbar body" EXACT [FMA:72608] xref: FMA:72608 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2656 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002881 name: sublingual nucleus namespace: uberon def: "In the substance of the formatio reticularis are two small nuclei of gray matter. The one near the dorsal aspect of the hilus of the inferior olivary nucleus is called the Sublingual nucleus (inferior central nucleus, nucleus of Roller.) [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sublingual_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "inferior central nucleus" RELATED INCONSISTENT [Wikipedia:Sublingual_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus of roller" EXACT [FMA:68574] synonym: "nucleus of roller" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sublingual_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus sublingualis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sublingual_nucleus] xref: ABA:NR xref: FMA:68574 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2657 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002160 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002882 name: supraspinal nucleus namespace: uberon xref: BM:SSp xref: EV:0100282 xref: FMA:74507 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2658 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002883 name: central amygdaloid nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "amygdala central nucleus" RELATED [BTO:0002686] synonym: "central nucleus of amygda" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2682] synonym: "central nucleus of amygdala" EXACT [FMA:74047] synonym: "nucleus amygdalae centralis" RELATED [BTO:0002686] xref: BM:Tel-Am-ACE xref: BTO:0002686 xref: EV:0100191 xref: FMA:74047 xref: MA:0002923 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2682 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002619 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of cerebral cortex is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001876 ! amygdala [Term] id: UBERON:0002884 name: intercalated amygdaloid nuclei namespace: uberon synonym: "intercalated amygdaloid nuclei" EXACT [FMA:61868] synonym: "intercalated amygdaloid nucleus" EXACT [FMA:61868] synonym: "intercalated masses of nucleus amygdaloideus" EXACT [FMA:61868] synonym: "intercalated nuclei of amygdala" EXACT [FMA:61868] synonym: "intercalated nucleus of the amygdala" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2683] synonym: "massa intercalata" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2683] synonym: "massa intercalata of amygdala" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2683] xref: FMA:61868 xref: MA:0002925 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2683 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002619 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of cerebral cortex is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001876 ! amygdala [Term] id: UBERON:0002885 name: accessory basal amygdaloid nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "accessory basal nucleus of amygdala" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2686] synonym: "basal amygdaloid nucleus, medial part" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2686] synonym: "basomedial nucleus (de olmos)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2686] xref: FMA:61867 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2686 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002619 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of cerebral cortex is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001876 ! amygdala [Term] id: UBERON:0002886 name: lateral amygdaloid nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "lateral nucleus of amygdala" EXACT [FMA:61866] synonym: "lateral principal nucleus of amygdala" EXACT [FMA:61866] synonym: "nucleus amygdalae lateralis" RELATED [BTO:0002704] xref: ABA:LA xref: BM:Tel-Am-ALA xref: BTO:0002704 xref: FMA:61866 xref: MA:0002926 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2687 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002619 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of cerebral cortex is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001876 ! amygdala [Term] id: UBERON:0002887 name: basal amygdaloid nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "basolateral amygaloid nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2692] synonym: "basolateral amygdalar nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2692] synonym: "basolateral amygdaloid nucleus" EXACT [FMA:68855] synonym: "basolateral nucleus (de olmos)" EXACT [] synonym: "intermediate principal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:68855] synonym: "nucleus amygdalae basalis lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:68855, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:BLA xref: FMA:68855 xref: MA:0002921 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2692 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002619 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of cerebral cortex is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001876 ! amygdala property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002023 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002888 name: lateral part of basal amygdaloid nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "lateral basal nucleus of amygdala" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2695] synonym: "lateral basal nucleus of the amygdala" EXACT [FMA:68857] synonym: "lateral division of basal nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2695] synonym: "lateral division of the basal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:68857] xref: FMA:68857 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2695 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0005401 {is_inferred="true"} ! cerebral grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002887 ! basal amygdaloid nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002889 name: medial part of basal amygdaloid nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "basomedial amygdalar nucleus" EXACT [ABA:BMA] synonym: "basomedial amygdaloid nucleus" EXACT [FMA:68858, MA:0002922] synonym: "medial basal nucleus of amygdala" EXACT [FMA:68858] synonym: "medial division of basal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:68858] synonym: "nucleus amygdalae basalis medialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:68858, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:BMA xref: FMA:68858 xref: MA:0002922 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2696 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0005401 {is_inferred="true"} ! cerebral grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002887 ! basal amygdaloid nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002890 name: anterior amygdaloid area namespace: uberon synonym: "anterior amygaloid area" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2698] synonym: "anterior amygdalar area" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2698] xref: ABA:AAA xref: BM:Tel-Am-AAA xref: FMA:61861 xref: MA:0002919 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2698 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0005401 {is_inferred="true"} ! cerebral grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001876 ! amygdala [Term] id: UBERON:0002891 name: cortical amygdaloid nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "nucleus amygdalae corticalis" RELATED [BTO:0002703] synonym: "posterior cortical amygdaloid nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2700] synonym: "posterior cortical nucleus of amygdala" EXACT [FMA:61862] xref: BTO:0002703 xref: EV:0100193 xref: FMA:61862 xref: MA:0002924 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2700 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002619 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of cerebral cortex is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001876 ! amygdala [Term] id: UBERON:0002892 name: medial amygdaloid nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "medial amygalar nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2701] synonym: "medial nucleus of amygdala" EXACT [FMA:74046] synonym: "nucleus amygdalae medialis" RELATED [BTO:0002702] xref: BM:Tel-Am-AME xref: BTO:0002702 xref: EV:0100192 xref: FMA:74046 xref: MA:0002927 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2701 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002619 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of cerebral cortex is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001876 ! amygdala [Term] id: UBERON:0002893 name: nucleus of lateral olfactory tract namespace: uberon comment: part of amygdala in FMA but this leads to inconsistency when combined with ABA partitions synonym: "lateral olfactory tract nucleus" EXACT [FMA:61865] synonym: "nucleus of the lateral olfactory tract (ganser)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2702] xref: ABA:NLOT xref: BM:Tel-NLOT xref: FMA:61865 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2702 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002264 {source="ABA"} ! olfactory bulb property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002266 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002590 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0004069 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002894 name: olfactory cortex namespace: uberon def: "The olfactory cortex is involved in the perception of smell. It receives input from the olfactory bulb and is responsible for the identification of odors[GO]." [Wikipedia:Olfactory_cortex] comment: Editor note - consider relationship: receives_input_from UBERON:0002264 {source="GO"} subset: uberon_slim synonym: "archaeocortex" RELATED [BTO:0001446] synonym: "archeocortex" RELATED [BTO:0001446] synonym: "olfactory lobe" RELATED [MA:0000193] xref: BTO:0001446 xref: EHDAA2:0001289 xref: EHDAA:5482 xref: EMAPA:17779 xref: MA:0000193 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2707 xref: VHOG:0000325 is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0005366 {source="MA"} ! olfactory lobe property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "That portion of the cerebral cortex that, with the palaeocortex, develops in association with the olfactory system, and which is phylogenetically older than the neocortex and lacks its layered structure. The embryonic archaeocortex corresponds to the cortex of the dentate gyrus and hippocampus in mature mammals[BTO:0001446]." xsd:string {source="BTO:0001446"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 " (In mammals) Odorant detection is mediated by millions of olfactory sensory neurons located in the olfactory epithelium lining the nasal cavity. These neurons transmit sensory signals to the olfactory bulb of the brain, which in turn sends signals to the olfactory cortex.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000325", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2004.tb00097.x Buck LB, Olfactory receptors and odor coding in mammals. Nutrition Reviews (2008)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002895 name: secondary olfactory cortex namespace: uberon def: "Brodmann's area 28; major gateway for neocortical input to the hippocampus; origin of the perforant pathway; a component of the medial temporal lobe memory system. (CSP) * The cytoarchitecturally well-defined area of multilaminate cerebral cortex on the medial aspect of the parahippocampal gyrus, immediately caudal to the olfactory cortex of the uncus. The entorhinal cortex is the origin of the major neural fiber system afferent to the hippocampus, the so-called PERFORANT PATHWAY. (Stedman, 25th ed)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2709] comment: FMA considers this a syn of entorhinal cortex. See also brodman definition subset: uberon_slim synonym: "entorhinal cortex" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:72356] synonym: "secondary olfactory areas" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2709] synonym: "secondary olfactory cortex" EXACT [FMA:72356] synonym: "secondary olfactory cortical area (carpenter)" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0004345 xref: EV:0100179 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2709 is_a: UBERON:0002619 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 {source="FMA"} ! cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002894 {source="NIF"} ! olfactory cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002897 name: cistern of lamina terminalis namespace: uberon synonym: "cisterna lamina terminalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4002] synonym: "lamina terminalis cistern" EXACT [FMA:74516] xref: FMA:74516 xref: ncithesaurus:Lamina_Terminalis_Cistern xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4002 xref: SCTID:12692002 xref: UMLS:C0228153 is_a: UBERON:0004050 ! subarachnoid cistern [Term] id: UBERON:0002898 name: chiasmatic cistern namespace: uberon def: "In front, the cisterna interpeduncularis extends forward across the optic chiasma, forming the cistern of chiasma or chiasmatic cistern, and on to the upper surface of the corpus callosum, for the arachnoid stretches across from one cerebral hemisphere to the other immediately beneath the free border of the falx cerebri, and thus leaves a space in which the anterior cerebral arteries are contained. The 'leaf' or extension of the chiasmatic cistern above the chiasma, which is separated from the optic recess of the third ventricle by the thin lamina terminalis, has been called the suprachiasmatic cistern. As spaces filled with freely circulating cerebrospinal fluid, cisterns receive little direct study, but are mentioned in pathological conditions. Cysts and tumors of the lamina terminalis extend into the suprachiasmatic cistern, as can pituitary tumors, or the cistern can be partially or completely effaced by injury and hematoma or by blockage of the cerebral aqueduct. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Chiasmatic_cistern] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cisterna chiasmatica" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4003] synonym: "cisterna chiasmatica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Chiasmatic_cistern] synonym: "cisterna chiasmatis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4003] xref: EMAPA:19057 xref: EMAPA:19150 xref: EMAPA:25081 xref: FMA:74515 xref: ncithesaurus:Chiasmatic_Cistern xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4003 xref: SCTID:47947006 xref: UMLS:C0228152 is_a: UBERON:0004050 ! subarachnoid cistern [Term] id: UBERON:0002902 name: occipital pole namespace: uberon def: "The anterior end of the hemisphere is named the frontal pole. The posterior end is named the occipital pole. The anterior end of the temporal lobe, the temporal pole. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Occipital_pole] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "polus occipitalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4016] synonym: "polus occipitalis cerebri" RELATED [BTO:0001868] xref: BTO:0001868 xref: FMA:74892 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Human_brain_lateral_view_description.JPG/200px-Human_brain_lateral_view_description.JPG xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4016 xref: SCTID:314160003 intersection_of: UBERON:0009899 ! pole of cerebral hemisphere intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002021 ! occipital lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0002021 {source="BTO"} ! occipital lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002911 name: parietal operculum namespace: uberon def: "The parietal operculum, forming the superior bank of the sylvian fissure, as studied in the cat, contains the secondary somatosensory representation, 'S-II', and a second somatotopic representation (parietal ventral, or PV). Anatomically, primate S-II receives inputs from area 3 and area 1, and projects to PV and area 7. PV has projections to area 5 and premotor areas. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Parietal_operculum] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "operculum parietale" EXACT LATIN [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4029] xref: FMA:74889 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Operculum.png/200px-Operculum.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4029 xref: SCTID:362353000 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0010262 ! operculum of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002917 name: regional part of inferior colliculus namespace: uberon def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a inferior colliculus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "inferior colliculus segment" EXACT [FMA:77871] synonym: "segment of inferior colliculus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4036] xref: FMA:77871 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4036 is_a: UBERON:0002966 ! regional part of midbrain tectum [Term] id: UBERON:0002918 name: medial parabrachial nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The Medial parabrachial nucleus is a nucleus of the pons which constitutes part of the pneumotaxic center. It gets its name from its location relative to the superior cerebellar peduncles, which is also known as the 'brachia conjunctiva'. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_parabrachial_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus parabrachialis medialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_parabrachial_nucleus] xref: FMA:72480 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4038 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002922 name: olfactory trigone namespace: uberon def: "The olfactory trigone is a small triangular area in front of the anterior perforated substance. Its apex, directed forward, occupies the posterior part of the olfactory sulcus, and is brought into view by throwing back the olfactory tract. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Olfactory_trigone] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "trigonum olfactorium" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4042] synonym: "trigonum olfactorium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Olfactory_trigone] xref: FMA:74883 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray732.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray732.png/200px-Gray732.png xref: ncithesaurus:Trigonum_Olfactorium xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4042 xref: SCTID:369102007 xref: UMLS:C0228279 is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0005366 {source="BTO-def"} ! olfactory lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002924 name: terminal nerve namespace: uberon def: "The terminal nerve, located anterior to cranial nerve I, is comprised of a group of cells with somata adjacent to the olfactory bulb and processes that extend anteriorly to the olfactory epithelium and posteriorly to the telencephalon. In teleost fish an additional group of axons extends along the optic tract and delivers putative neuromodulators to the retina. It is thought to develop from cranial neural crest." [PMID:15821344, Wikipedia:Terminal_nerve, ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-041202-1] comment: PMID:2286018 state: 'The presence of an additional cranial nerve (the nervus terminalis or cranial nerve zero) is well documented in many non-human vertebrate species. However, its existence in the adult human has been disputed. The present study focused on the structure and incidence of this nerve in the adult human brain. The nerve was examined post-mortem in 10 adult brains using dissection microscopy, light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry. In all specimens, the nervus terminalis was identified bilaterally as a microscopic plexus of unmyelinated peripheral nerve fascicles in the subarachnoid space covering the gyrus rectus of the orbital surface of the frontal lobes. The plexus appeared in the region of the cribriform plate of the ethmoid and coursed posteriorly to the vicinity of the olfactory trigone, medial olfactory gyrus, and lamina terminalis. We conclude that the terminal nerve is a common finding in the adult human brain, confirming early light microscopic reports.' subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cranial nerve 0" EXACT [Wikipedia:Terminal_nerve] synonym: "cranial nerve zero" EXACT [Wikipedia:Terminal_nerve] synonym: "nervus terminalis" EXACT [ZFA:0001356] xref: EFO:0003678 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4044 xref: TAO:0001356 xref: ZFA:0001356 is_a: UBERON:0001785 {source="ZFA"} ! cranial nerve property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The terminal nerve, located anterior to cranial nerve I, is comprised of a group of cells with somata adjacent to the olfactory bulb and processes that extend anteriorly to the olfactory epithelium and posteriorly to the telencephalon. In teleost fish an additional group of axons extends along the optic tract and delivers putative neuromodulators to the retina. It is thought to develop from cranial neural crest. Whitlock 2004. Also see Grens, Greenwood and Fernald, Brain Behav Evol 2005; 66(1):1-9.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001356", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002925 name: trigeminal nucleus namespace: uberon def: "A nucleus of brain that is part of a trigeminal nuclear complex." [OBOL:automatic] comment: note massive inconsistencies between GO, MA, wikipedia. Part of pons in MA, but this leads to inconsistencies with ABA. See https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3291162&group_id=76834&atid=1205376 subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus mesencephalicus nervi trigemini" RELATED [BTO:0001074] synonym: "nucleus mesencephalicus trigeminalis" RELATED [BTO:0001074] synonym: "nucleus of trigeminal nuclear complex" EXACT [FMA:71247] synonym: "nucleus tractus mesencephali nervi trigeminalis" RELATED [BTO:0001074] synonym: "trigeminal nuclear complex nucleus" EXACT [FMA:71247] synonym: "trigeminal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:71248] synonym: "trigeminal V nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001028] xref: BM:V xref: BTO:0001074 xref: EV:0100271 xref: FMA:71247 xref: GAID:604 xref: MA:0001028 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.931 xref: ncithesaurus:Trigeminal_Nucleus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nifext_11 xref: SCTID:280164007 xref: UMLS:C0040999 xref: VHOG:0001353 is_a: UBERON:0002308 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007641 ! trigeminal nuclear complex [Term] id: UBERON:0002926 name: gustatory epithelium namespace: uberon comment: editor note - see also epithelium of tongue and subclasses xref: FMA:62412 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4099 is_a: UBERON:0006934 {source="FMA"} ! sensory epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0002928 name: dentate gyrus polymorphic layer namespace: uberon xref: MA:0002864 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4128 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus is_a: UBERON:0002304 ! layer of dentate gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0002929 name: dentate gyrus pyramidal layer namespace: uberon xref: MA:0000948 is_a: UBERON:0002304 ! layer of dentate gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0002930 name: tectopontine tract namespace: uberon synonym: "fibrae tectopontinae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72505, FMA:TA] synonym: "tectopontine fibers" EXACT [FMA:72505] synonym: "tectopontine fibres" EXACT [FMA:72505] xref: FMA:72505 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_701 xref: SCTID:3301002 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002931 name: dorsal septal nucleus namespace: uberon xref: FMA:61877 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_704 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002932 name: trapezoid body namespace: uberon def: "The trapezoid body is part of the acoustic pathway. It is a bundle of fibers and cells in the pontine tegmentum. It consists of fibers arising from the ventral cochlear nucleus. A collection of nerve cells inside forms a trapezoid nucleus. The superior olivary nucleus is situated on the dorsal surface of the trapezoid body. Most nerve fibers pass directly from the superior olivary nuclei to the inferior colliculus. Axons leaving the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN) form a broad pathway that crosses under the brain stem in the trapezoid body. A thin pathway, the intermediate acoustic stria, also leaves the VCN, merging with the trapezoid body close to the superior olivary complex, where many of its axons synapse. Axons leaving the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) form the dorsal acoustic stria, which reaches primarily the contralateral dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus and the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Trapezoid_body] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "corpus trapezoideum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trapezoid_body] xref: BM:TB xref: FMA:72487 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Gray760.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Gray760.png/200px-Gray760.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_707 xref: SCTID:369019006 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002933 name: nucleus of anterior commissure namespace: uberon synonym: "anterior commissure nucleus" EXACT [FMA:61883] synonym: "bed nucleus of anterior commissure" EXACT [FMA:61883] synonym: "nucleus of commissura anterior" EXACT [FMA:61883] xref: ABA:BAC xref: BM:Tel-ACN xref: FMA:61883 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_712 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002663 ! septal nuclear complex [Term] id: UBERON:0002934 name: ventral oculomotor nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "ventral oculomotor cell column" EXACT [FMA:72422] xref: FMA:72422 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_713 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002935 name: magnocellular part of ventral anterior nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "magnocellular division of ventral anterior nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62192] synonym: "magnocellular ventral anterior nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_716] synonym: "nucleus lateropolaris (magnocellularis)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_716] synonym: "nucleus lateropolaris magnocellularis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_716] synonym: "nucleus rostralis lateralis situs perifascicularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_716] synonym: "nucleus thalamicus ventral anterior, pars magnocellularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_716] synonym: "nucleus ventralis anterior, pars magnocellularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_716] synonym: "pars magnocellularis nuclei ventralis anterior thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62192, FMA:TA] synonym: "ventral anterior nucleus, magnocellular part" EXACT [FMA:62192] synonym: "ventral anterior nucleus, pars magnocellularis" EXACT [FMA:62192] synonym: "ventral anterior thalamic nucleus, magnocellular part" EXACT [FMA:62192] synonym: "ventroanterior thalamic nucleus, magnocellular part" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_716] xref: BM:Die-Th-VA-VAmc xref: FMA:62192 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_716 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002637 {source="FMA"} ! ventral anterior nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002936 name: magnocellular part of red nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "paleoruber" EXACT [FMA:72431] synonym: "red nucleus, magnocellular part" EXACT [FMA:72431] xref: FMA:72431 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_720 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001947 ! red nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002937 name: parvicellular part of ventral anterior nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "nucleus ventralis anterior (dewulf)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_722] synonym: "nucleus ventralis anterior, pars parvicellularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_722] synonym: "ventral anterior nucleus, pars parvicellularis" EXACT [FMA:62191] synonym: "ventral anterior thalamic nucleus, parvicellular part" EXACT [FMA:62191] synonym: "ventralis anterior (jones)" EXACT [] xref: FMA:62191 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_722 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002637 {source="FMA"} ! ventral anterior nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002938 name: parvocellular part of red nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "neoruber" EXACT [FMA:72430] synonym: "red nucleus, parvocellular part" EXACT [FMA:72430] xref: FMA:72430 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_725 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001947 ! red nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002939 name: ventral posteroinferior nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "nucleus ventralis posterior inferior thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62199, FMA:TA] synonym: "ventral posterior inferior nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62199] synonym: "ventral posterior inferior nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62199] synonym: "ventral posterior inferior thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62199] xref: BM:Die-Th-VPI xref: BTO:0002464 xref: BTO:0004373 xref: BTO:0004374 xref: EV:0100209 xref: FMA:62199 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_728 xref: SCTID:369173003 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002940 name: anterior column of fornix namespace: uberon synonym: "anterior crus of fornix" EXACT [FMA:61966] synonym: "anterior pillar of fornix" EXACT [FMA:61966] xref: FMA:61966 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_731 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002941 name: capsule of red nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "red nuclear capsule" EXACT [FMA:72450] xref: FMA:72450 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_732 xref: SCTID:369245007 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001947 ! red nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002942 name: ventral posterolateral nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The ventral posterolateral nucleus (VPL) is a nucleus of the thalamus. Together with the ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPM) it constitutes the ventral posterior nucleus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_posterolateral_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus ventralis posterior lateralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_737] synonym: "nucleus ventralis posterolateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_737] synonym: "nucleus ventralis posterolateralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_737] synonym: "nucleus ventralis posterolateralis thalami" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ventral_posterolateral_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus ventralis thalami posterior lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_737] synonym: "posterolateral ventral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62200] synonym: "posterolateral ventral nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_737] synonym: "ventral posterolateral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62200] synonym: "ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_737] synonym: "ventral posterolateral thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62200] xref: ABA:VPL xref: FMA:62200 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_737 xref: SCTID:369171001 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002945 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002943 name: lingual gyrus namespace: uberon def: "The lingual gyrus of the occipital lobe lies between the calcarine sulcus and the posterior part of the collateral sulcus; behind, it reaches the occipital pole; in front, it is continued on to the tentorial surface of the temporal lobe, and joins the hippocampal gyrus. The lingual gyrus is so-named because it resembles the tongue in shape. This region is believed to play an important role in dreaming and vision, especially in recognizing words, regardless of size, font, etc. Shunt [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lingual_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus lingualis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lingual_gyrus] synonym: "gyrus occipitotemporalis medialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61904, FMA:TA] synonym: "lingula of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [FMA:61904] synonym: "medial occipitotemporal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61904] synonym: "medial occipitotemporal gyrus-2" EXACT [FMA:61904] xref: FMA:61904 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Gray727_lingual_gyrus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Gray727_lingual_gyrus.png/200px-Gray727_lingual_gyrus.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_740 xref: SCTID:279203007 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002021 ! occipital lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002944 name: spinothalamic tract of medulla namespace: uberon def: "Part of spinothalamic tract that is in the medulla" [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_741] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "spinothalamic tract" BROAD [FMA:72644, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_741] xref: FMA:72644 xref: GAID:703 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg.png xref: MESH:A08.186.854.761 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_741 xref: SCTID:360570003 is_a: UBERON:0007702 {source="FMA"} ! tract of brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="FMA"} ! medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0007703 ! spinothalamic tract [Term] id: UBERON:0002945 name: ventral posteromedial nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The ventral posteromedial nucleus is a nucleus of the thalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_posteromedial_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arcuate nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62202] synonym: "arcuate nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743] synonym: "arcuate nucleus-3" EXACT [FMA:62202] synonym: "nucleus arcuatus thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743] synonym: "nucleus semilunaris thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743] synonym: "nucleus ventralis posterior medialis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743] synonym: "nucleus ventralis posteromedialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743] synonym: "nucleus ventralis posteromedialis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743] synonym: "nucleus ventralis posteromedialis thalami" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ventral_posteromedial_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus ventrocaudalis anterior internus (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743] synonym: "posteromedial ventral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62202] synonym: "posteromedial ventral nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743] synonym: "semilunar nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62202] synonym: "thalamic gustatory nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62202] synonym: "ventral posterior medial nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62202] synonym: "ventral posterior medial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743] synonym: "ventral posteromedial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62202] synonym: "ventral posteromedial nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743] synonym: "ventral posteromedial thalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743] synonym: "ventroposteromedial nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743] xref: ABA:VPM xref: BM:Die-Th-VPM xref: FMA:62202 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743 xref: SCTID:369172008 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002596 {source="FMA"} ! ventral posterior nucleus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002942 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002946 name: regional part of cerebellum namespace: uberon def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a cerebellum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "segment of cerebellum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_748] xref: FMA:256150 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_748 xref: SCTID:119242005 is_a: UBERON:0002680 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of metencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0002947 name: frontal operculum namespace: uberon synonym: "operculum frontale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Operculum_%28brain%29] xref: FMA:74886 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_751 xref: SCTID:362352005 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0010262 ! operculum of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002948 name: superior occipital gyrus namespace: uberon synonym: "gyrus occipitalis primus" EXACT [FMA:61901] xref: FMA:61901 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_758 xref: SCTID:279182006 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002021 ! occipital lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002949 name: tectospinal tract namespace: uberon def: "a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in the superior colliculus of the midbrain towards target cells in the ventral spinal cord[GO]." [Wikipedia:Tectospinal_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "held's bundle" EXACT [FMA:72620] synonym: "tectospinal pathway" EXACT [FMA:72620] synonym: "tractus tectospinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tectospinal_tract] xref: BM:TSp xref: FMA:72620 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Gray670.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gray670.png/200px-Gray670.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_759 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002950 name: regional part of midbrain namespace: uberon def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "midbrain segment" EXACT [FMA:61997] synonym: "segment of midbrain" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_763] xref: FMA:61997 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_763 xref: SCTID:119239004 is_a: UBERON:0002616 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002951 name: regional part of intermediate hypothalamic region namespace: uberon def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a intermediate hypothalamic region [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "intermediate hypothalamic region segment" EXACT [FMA:62310] synonym: "segment of intermediate hypothalamic region" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_767] xref: FMA:62310 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_767 is_a: UBERON:0003048 ! regional part of hypothalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0002952 name: intermediate acoustic stria namespace: uberon synonym: "commissure of held" EXACT [] synonym: "intermediate acoustic stria (held)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_768] synonym: "intermediate acoustic stria of held" EXACT [] xref: FMA:72497 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_768 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002953 name: lateral lemniscus namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0003042 def: "The lateral lemniscus is a tract of axons in the brainstem that carries information about sound from the cochlear nucleus to various brainstem nuclei and ultimately the contralateral inferior colliculus of the midbrain. Three distinct, primarily inhibitory, cellular groups are located interspersed within these fibers, and are thus named the nuclei of the lateral lemniscus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_lemniscus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lateral fillet" EXACT [FMA:72502] synonym: "lemniscus lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_lemniscus] xref: BM:Pons-LL xref: FMA:72502 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/Lateral_lemniscus.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Lateral_lemniscus.PNG/200px-Lateral_lemniscus.PNG xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_976 xref: SCTID:362399003 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003001 ! lemniscus is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002955 name: rhomboidal nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "nucleus commissuralis rhomboidalis" RELATED [BTO:0002458] synonym: "nucleus rhomboidalis" RELATED [BTO:0002458] synonym: "rhomboid nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62154] synonym: "rhomboid thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62154] xref: ABA:RH xref: BTO:0002458 xref: FMA:62154 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_778 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001922 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001923 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001924 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003036 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002956 name: granular layer of cerebellar cortex namespace: uberon def: "The granular layer is the innermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. This layer contains densely packed small neurons, mostly granule cells. Some Golgi cells are found at the outer border. Granule neurons send parallel fibers to the upper molecular layer, where they synapse with Purkinje cell dendrites. Mossy fibers from the pontine nuclei in the white matter synapse with granule cell axons, Golgi cell axons and unipolar brush interneuron axons at cerebellar glomeruli in the granule cell layer." [GO:0021681] synonym: "cerebellar granular layer" EXACT [GO:0021681] synonym: "cerebellar granule cell layer" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebellar granule layer" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebellum granule cell layer" EXACT [MA:0000993] synonym: "cerebellum granule layer" EXACT [] synonym: "granule cell layer of cerebellar cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_779] xref: ABA:CBXgr xref: BTO:0004425 xref: FMA:83140 xref: MA:0000993 xref: ncithesaurus:Granular_Layer_of_the_Cerebellum xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_779 xref: UMLS:C1708253 is_a: UBERON:0004130 ! cerebellar layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002979 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002957 name: caudal central oculomotor nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "caudal central nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72426] synonym: "caudal central nucleus of oculomotor nerve" EXACT [FMA:72426] xref: FMA:72426 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_780 xref: SCTID:369239004 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002958 name: medial lemniscus of pons namespace: uberon def: "A medial lemniscus that is part of a pons [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medial lemniscus of pons of varolius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pons medial lemniscus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pons of varolius medial lemniscus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72503 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_781 is_a: UBERON:0002680 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0003002 ! medial lemniscus intersection_of: UBERON:0003002 ! medial lemniscus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons [Term] id: UBERON:0002959 name: subfascicular nucleus namespace: uberon xref: FMA:62155 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_783 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002960 name: central oculomotor nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "central nucleus of perlia" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus of perlia" EXACT [] synonym: "spitzka's nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72425] xref: FMA:72425 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_786 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002961 name: archicortex namespace: uberon def: "A portion of the cerebral cortex that, with the paleocortex, develops in association with the olfactory system, and which is phylogenetically older than the neocortex and lacks its layered structure. The embryonic archicortex corresponds to the cortex of the dentate gyrus and hippocampus in mature mammals. Being part of the limbic system, it has functions related to emotions and formation of memory. Signals being sent from the limbic lobe to the hippocampal formations can go via the archicortex as an intermediate." [Wikipedia:Archicortex] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "archipallium" EXACT [FMA:62424] xref: EHDAA2:0004496 xref: FMA:62424 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_787 xref: SCTID:423918008 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002963 name: caudal pontine reticular nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The caudal pontine reticular nucleus is composed of gigantocellular neurons. In rabbits and cats it is exclusively giant cells, however in humans there are normally sized cells as well. The pontis caudalis is rostral to the gigantocellular nucleus and is located in the caudal pons, as the name would indicate. The pontis caudalis has been known to mediate head movement, in concert with the nucleus gigantocellularis and the superior colliculus. The neurons in the dorsal half of this nuclei fire rhythmically during mastication, and in an anesthetized animal it is possible to induce mastication via electrical stimulation of the PC or adjacent areas of the gigantocellular nucleus. The pontis caudalis is also thought to play a role in the grinding of teeth during sleep. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Caudal_pontine_reticular_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus reticularis pontis caudalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Caudal_pontine_reticular_nucleus] synonym: "pontine reticular nucleus, caudal part" EXACT [FMA:72469] xref: ABA:PRNc xref: FMA:72469 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_792 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007413 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of pontine reticular formation property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002151 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002968 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002964 name: dorsal oculomotor nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "dorsal oculomotor cell column" EXACT [FMA:62442] xref: FMA:62442 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_793 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002965 name: rostral intralaminar nuclei namespace: uberon synonym: "nuclei intralaminares rostrales" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_794] synonym: "rostral intralaminar nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62164] synonym: "rostral intralaminar nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62164] xref: FMA:62164 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_794 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002966 name: regional part of midbrain tectum namespace: uberon def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a midbrain tectum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "midbrain tectum segment" EXACT [FMA:62398] synonym: "segment of midbrain tectum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_795] xref: FMA:62398 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_795 is_a: UBERON:0002950 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of midbrain [Term] id: UBERON:0002967 name: cingulate gyrus namespace: uberon def: "A gyrus in the medial part of the brain. It partially wraps around the corpus callosum and is limited above by the cingulate sulcus. The cortical part of the cingulate gyrus is referred to as cingulate cortex.[Wikipedia]. The cingulate gyrus receives inputs from the anterior nucleus of the thalamus and the neocortex, as well as from somatosensory areas of the cerebral cortex. It projects to the entorhinal cortex via the cingulum. It functions as an integral part of the limbic system, which is involved with emotion formation and processing, learning, and memory. Also, executive control needed to suppress inappropriate unconscious priming is known to involve the anterior cingulate gyrus. It is also involved in respiratory control." [Wikipedia:Cingulate_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cingulate area" EXACT [FMA:62434] synonym: "cingulate region" EXACT [FMA:62434] synonym: "falciform lobe" EXACT [FMA:62434] synonym: "upper limbic gyrus" EXACT [FMA:62434] xref: BM:Tel-CG xref: BTO:0003976 xref: FMA:62434 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Gray727_cingulate_gyrus.png/200px-Gray727_cingulate_gyrus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Cingulate_Gyrus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_798 xref: SCTID:279208003 xref: UMLS:C0018427 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000349 ! limbic system [Term] id: UBERON:0002968 name: central gray substance of pons namespace: uberon synonym: "central gray of pons" EXACT [FMA:72470] synonym: "pontine central gray" EXACT [FMA:72470] xref: ABA:PCG xref: FMA:72470 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_799 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002151 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002970 name: intermediate oculomotor nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "intermediate oculomotor cell column" EXACT [FMA:72420] xref: FMA:72420 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_803 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002971 name: periolivary nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "dorsal periolivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72475] synonym: "nuclei periolivares" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72475, FMA:TA] synonym: "peri-olivary nuclei" EXACT [FMA:72475] xref: FMA:72475 xref: MA:0002757 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_804 is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002128 ! superior olivary complex [Term] id: UBERON:0002972 name: centromedian nucleus namespace: uberon def: "In the anatomy of the brain, the centromedian nucleus, also known as the centrum medianum, (CM or Cm-Pf) is a part of the intralaminar nucleus (ILN) of the thalamus. There are two centromedian nuclei arranged bilaterally. It contains about 2000 neurons per cubic millimetre and has a volume of about 310 cubic millimetres with 664,000 neurons in total. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Centromedian_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "central magnocellular nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62165] synonym: "central nucleus-1" EXACT [FMA:62165] synonym: "centre median nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62165] synonym: "centromedian nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62165] synonym: "centromedian thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62165] synonym: "centrum medianum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805] synonym: "centrum medianum thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805] synonym: "noyau centre median of luys" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus centralis centralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805] synonym: "nucleus centralis thalami (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805] synonym: "nucleus centri mediani thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805] synonym: "nucleus centromedianus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805] synonym: "nucleus centromedianus thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805] synonym: "nucleus centromedianus thalami" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Centromedian_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus centrum medianum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805] xref: EV:0100215 xref: FMA:62165 xref: ncithesaurus:Centromedian_Nucleus_of_the_Thalamus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805 xref: SCTID:279162007 xref: UMLS:C0920328 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0007692 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002733 {source="FMA"} ! intralaminar nuclear group [Term] id: UBERON:0002973 name: parahippocampal gyrus namespace: uberon def: "a grey matter cortical region of the brain that surrounds the hippocampus. This region plays an important role in memory encoding and retrieval. The anterior part of the gyrus includes the perirhinal and entorhinal cortices. The term parahippocampal cortex is used to refer to an area that encompasses both the posterior portion of the parahippocampal gyrus and the medial portion of the fusiform gyrus.[Wikipedia]." [Wikipedia:Parahippocampal_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus parahippocampalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Parahippocampal_gyrus] synonym: "hippocampal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61918] xref: BTO:0004380 xref: EV:0100181 xref: FMA:61918 xref: GAID:634 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG/200px-Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG xref: MESH:A08.186.211.577.710 xref: ncithesaurus:Parahippocampal_Gyrus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_807 xref: SCTID:279205000 xref: UMLS:C0228249 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000349 ! limbic system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001954 {source="Wikipedia"} ! Ammon's horn [Term] id: UBERON:0002974 name: molecular layer of cerebellar cortex namespace: uberon def: "The molecular layer is the outermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the parallel fibers of the granule cells, interneurons such as stellate and basket cells, and the dendrites of the underlying Purkinje cells" [GO:0021679] comment: Taxon notes: Compare with ZFA:0000636 - cerebellar crest, which is also composed of parallel fibers but located in a more restricted nucleus within the cerebellum synonym: "cerebellar molecular layer" EXACT [GO:0021679] synonym: "cerebellum molecular cell layer" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebellum molecular layer" EXACT [] xref: FMA:83897 xref: MA:0000996 xref: ncithesaurus:Molecular_Layer_of_the_Cerebellum xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_810 xref: SCTID:369045002 xref: UMLS:C1709064 is_a: UBERON:0004130 ! cerebellar layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002975 name: medial oculomotor nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "medial oculomotor cell column" EXACT [FMA:72421] xref: FMA:72421 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_813 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002976 name: preolivary nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "preolivary nuclei" EXACT [FMA:72474] xref: FMA:72474 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_814 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007247 {is_inferred="true"} ! superior olivary nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002128 ! superior olivary complex [Term] id: UBERON:0002977 name: triangular septal nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "nucleus triangularis septi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61880, FMA:TA] synonym: "triangular nucleus of septum" EXACT [FMA:61880] synonym: "triangular nucleus septum (cajal)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_816] xref: ABA:TRS xref: BM:Tel-Spt-STN xref: FMA:61880 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_816 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007629 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002978 name: oral part of ventral lateral nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "nucleus lateralis oralis situs principalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_817] synonym: "nucleus ventralis lateralis, pars oralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_817] synonym: "nucleus ventrooralis externus, anterior part (van buren)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_817] synonym: "subnucleus rostralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_817] synonym: "ventral anterior nucleus, pars densicellularis" EXACT [FMA:62193] synonym: "ventral lateral anterior nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62193] synonym: "ventral lateral nucleus, oral part" EXACT [FMA:62193] synonym: "ventral lateral thalamic nucleus, oral part" EXACT [FMA:62193] xref: FMA:62193 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_817 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001925 ! ventral lateral nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002979 name: Purkinje cell layer of cerebellar cortex namespace: uberon def: "The Purkinje cell layer lies just underneath the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the neuronal cell bodies of the Purkinje cells that are arranged side by side in a single layer. Candelabrum interneurons are vertically oriented between the Purkinje cells. Purkinje neurons are inhibitory and provide the output of the cerebellar cortex through axons that project into the white matter. Extensive dendritic trees from the Purkinje cells extend upward in a single plane into the molecular layer where they synapse with parallel fibers of granule cells." [GO:0021680] synonym: "cerebellar Purkinje cell layer" EXACT [FMA:83896, GO:0021694] synonym: "cerebellum Purkinje cell layer" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebellum Purkinje layer" EXACT [] synonym: "Purkinje cell layer" EXACT [FMA:83896] xref: ABA:CBXpu xref: BTO:0004909 xref: FMA:83896 xref: MA:0000997 xref: ncithesaurus:Purkinje_Cell_Layer_of_the_Cerebellum xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_818 xref: SCTID:369046001 xref: UMLS:C1709776 is_a: UBERON:0004130 ! cerebellar layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002956 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002981 name: pulvinar nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The pulvinar is the caudal-most nucleus of the thalamus. The pulvinar is usually grouped as one of the lateral thalamic nuclei. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pulvinar_nuclei] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nuclei pulvinares" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62178, FMA:TA] synonym: "pulvinar" EXACT [FMA:62178] synonym: "pulvinar nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62178] synonym: "pulvinar thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_824] xref: BM:Die-Th-Pl xref: BTO:0004352 xref: EV:0100213 xref: FMA:62178 xref: GAID:662 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Gray719.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Gray719.png/200px-Gray719.png xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.826.701.485.600 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_824 xref: SCTID:279157006 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002982 name: inferior pulvinar nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris inferior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_830] synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris inferior thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_830] synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris thalami, pars inferior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_830] xref: BM:Die-Th-Pl-Pli xref: FMA:62183 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_830 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002983 name: lateral posterior nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "lateral posterior nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62177] synonym: "lateral posterior nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_835] synonym: "lateral posterior thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62177] synonym: "laterodorsal nucleus, caudal part" EXACT [FMA:62177] synonym: "nucleus dorso-caudalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_835] synonym: "nucleus dorsocaudalis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_835] synonym: "nucleus lateralis posterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_835] synonym: "nucleus lateralis posterior thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_835] synonym: "nucleus lateralis thalami posterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_835] synonym: "posterior lateral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62177] xref: ABA:LP xref: BM:Die-Th-LP xref: BTO:0004351 xref: EV:0100212 xref: FMA:62177 xref: ncithesaurus:Lateral_Posterior_Nucleus_of_the_Thalamus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_835 xref: SCTID:279155003 xref: UMLS:C0228341 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002709 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003033 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002984 name: lateral dorsal nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "lateral dorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62176] synonym: "lateral dorsal thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62176] synonym: "laterodorsal nucleus nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838] synonym: "laterodorsal nucleus thalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838] synonym: "laterodorsal nucleus, superficial part" EXACT [FMA:62176] synonym: "laterodorsal thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62176] synonym: "nucleus dorsalis lateralis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62176, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus dorsalis superficialis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838] synonym: "nucleus dorsolateralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838] synonym: "nucleus lateralis dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838] synonym: "nucleus lateralis dorsalis of thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838] synonym: "nucleus lateralis dorsalis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838] synonym: "nucleus lateralis thalami dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838] xref: ABA:LD xref: BM:Die-Th-LD xref: BTO:0004349 xref: BTO:0004350 xref: EV:0100211 xref: FMA:62176 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838 xref: SCTID:279154004 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002679 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002681 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002685 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002985 name: ventral nucleus of medial geniculate body namespace: uberon synonym: "medial geniculate complex, ventral part" EXACT [FMA:62217] synonym: "medial geniculate nucleus, ventral part" EXACT [FMA:62217] synonym: "medial nucleus of medial geniculate complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_845] synonym: "nucleus corporis geniculati medialis, pars ventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_845] synonym: "nucleus geniculatus medialis fasciculosus (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_845] synonym: "nucleus geniculatus medialis pars ventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_845] synonym: "nucleus ventralis corporis geniculati medialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62217, FMA:TA] synonym: "ventral nucleus of medial geniculate complex" EXACT [FMA:62217] synonym: "ventral principal nucleus of medial geniculate body" EXACT [FMA:62217] xref: ABA:MGv xref: BM:Die-Th-MG-MGv xref: BTO:0002671 xref: FMA:62217 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_845 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001927 ! medial geniculate body property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002758 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002759 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002987 name: anterior spinocerebellar tract namespace: uberon def: "The ventral spinocerebellar tract conveys proprioceptive information from the body to the cerebellum. It is part of the somatosensory system and runs in parallel with the dorsal spinocerebellar tract. Both these tracts involve two neurons and end up on the same side of the body. The ventral tract (under L2/L3) gets its proprioceptive/fine touch/vibration information from a first order neuron, with its cell body in a dorsal ganglion. The axon runs via the fila radicularia to the dorsal horn of the grey matter. There it makes a synapse with the dendrites of two neurons: they send their axons bilaterally to the ventral border of the lateral funiculi. The ventral spinocerebellar tract then enters the cerebellum via the superior cerebellar peduncle. This is in contrast with the dorsal spinocerebellar tract (C8 - L2/L3), which only has 1 unilateral axon that has its cell body in the Clarke's nuclei (only at the level of C8 - L2/L3). The fibers of the ventral spinocerebellar tract then eventually enter the cerebellum via the superior cerebellar peduncle. This is one of the few afferent tracts through the superior cerebellar peduncle. Originates from ventral horn at lumbosacral spinal levels. Axons first cross midline in the spinal cord and run in the ventral border of the lateral funiculi. These axons ascend up to the pons where they join the superior cerebellar peduncle to enter the cerebellum. Once in the deep white matter of the cerebellum, the axons recross the midline, give off collaterals to the globose and emboliform nuclei, and terminate in the cortex of the anterior lobe and vermis of the posterior lobe. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_spinocerebellar_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gower's tract" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_848] synonym: "gowers' tract" EXACT [FMA:72642] synonym: "ventral spinocerebellar tract" EXACT [FMA:72642] xref: FMA:72642 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Spinal_cord_tracts_-_English.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_848 xref: SCTID:369285001 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0005413 ! spinocerebellar tract [Term] id: UBERON:0002990 name: mammillothalamic tract of hypothalamus namespace: uberon xref: FMA:62059 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_855 xref: SCTID:369139008 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003931 {is_inferred="true"} ! diencephalic white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002770 {source="FMA"} ! posterior hypothalamic region relationship: part_of UBERON:0006695 ! mammillary axonal complex [Term] id: UBERON:0002991 name: supramammillary commissure namespace: uberon synonym: "commissure of forel" EXACT [] synonym: "commissure y" EXACT [FMA:62056] synonym: "postmammillary decussation" EXACT [FMA:62056] synonym: "supramammillary decussation" EXACT [FMA:62056] xref: FMA:62056 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_859 xref: SCTID:369148003 is_a: UBERON:0011590 {source="FMA"} ! commissure of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002770 {source="FMA"} ! posterior hypothalamic region [Term] id: UBERON:0002992 name: paratenial nucleus namespace: uberon def: "One of the median nuclei of the thalamus, situated ventral and medial to the stria medullaris." [BTO:0002457] synonym: "nucleus parataenialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62151, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus parataenialis" EXACT [BTO:0002457] synonym: "nucleus parataenialis thalami" RELATED [BTO:0002457] synonym: "parataenial nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62151] synonym: "paratenial nucleus of thalamus" RELATED [BTO:0002457] synonym: "paratenial thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62151] xref: ABA:PT xref: BTO:0002457 xref: FMA:62151 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_860 xref: SCTID:422800004 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0007692 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002705 {source="FMA", source="NIF", source="ABA"} ! midline nuclear group property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001920 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002993 name: inferior central nucleus namespace: uberon comment: todo - compare with UBERON:0002881 subset: uberon_slim synonym: "inferior central nucleus (of roller)" EXACT [FMA:72466] synonym: "inferior central nucleus of raphe" EXACT [FMA:72466] synonym: "inferior central tegmental nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72466] xref: FMA:72466 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_861 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007413 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of pontine reticular formation relationship: part_of UBERON:0002573 {source="FMA"} ! pontine reticular formation [Term] id: UBERON:0002994 name: nucleus of pretectal area namespace: uberon synonym: "pretectal area nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72401] xref: FMA:72401 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_864 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003047 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of pretectal region is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0011214 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of midbrain tectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001944 ! pretectal region [Term] id: UBERON:0002995 name: substantia nigra pars lateralis namespace: uberon def: "Regional part of substantia nigra consisting of loosely packed cells, generally located ventral and lateral to the pars compacta. Many cells in this region use GABA as a neurotransmitter (MM)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_866] comment: disjointness violation - relationship: part_of UBERON:0001966 {source="NIF"} synonym: "lateral part of substantia nigra" EXACT [FMA:76844] synonym: "pars lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_866] synonym: "Substantia nigra, lateral part" EXACT [ABA:SNI] xref: ABA:SNI xref: FMA:76844 xref: MA:0001065 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_866 is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon is_a: UBERON:0002950 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002038 {source="MA"} ! substantia nigra property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002996 name: nucleus of optic tract namespace: uberon synonym: "large-celled nucleus of optic tract" EXACT [FMA:72403] synonym: "lentiform nucleus of pretectal area" EXACT [FMA:72403] synonym: "nucleus of the optic tract" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_868] synonym: "optic tract nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72403] xref: ABA:NOT xref: FMA:72403 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_868 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003047 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of pretectal region is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0011214 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of midbrain tectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001944 ! pretectal region property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002565 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002711 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006848 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002997 name: nucleus of medial eminence namespace: uberon synonym: "medial eminence nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72467] synonym: "nucleus of eminentia teres" EXACT [FMA:72467] xref: FMA:72467 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_870 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002998 name: inferior frontal gyrus namespace: uberon def: "The inferior frontal gyrus is a gyrus of the frontal lobe of the human brain. Its superior border is the inferior frontal sulcus, its inferior border the lateral fissure, and its posterior border is the inferior precentral sulcus. Above it is the middle frontal gyrus, behind it the precentral gyrus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_frontal_gyrus] comment: ncit has two classes, but these are exact synonyms in FMA subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus frontalis inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_frontal_gyrus] synonym: "inferior frontal convolution" EXACT [FMA:61860] xref: BTO:0004835 xref: FMA:61860 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Inferior_frontal_gyrus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Frontal_Convolution xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Frontal_Gyrus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_873 xref: SCTID:362333004 xref: UMLS:C0152298 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001870 ! frontal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002999 name: oral pontine reticular nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The oral pontine reticular nucleus is delineated from its caudal brother, with which it shares its first three names. This nucleus tapers into the lower mesencephalic reticular formation and contains sporadic giant cells. Different populations of the pontis oralis have displayed discharge patterns which coordinate with phasic movements to and from paradoxical sleep. From this information it has been implied that the n.r. pontis oralis is involved in the mediation of changing to and from REM sleep. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Oral_pontine_reticular_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus reticularis pontis oralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Oral_pontine_reticular_nucleus] synonym: "pontine reticular nucleus, rostral part" EXACT [FMA:72468] xref: ABA:PRNv xref: FMA:72468 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_875 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007413 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of pontine reticular formation relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 {source="FMA"} ! pontine tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0003001 name: lemniscus namespace: uberon def: "A bundle or band of sensory nerve fibers. ribbon, from Greek lemniskos." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_881, Wikipedia:Lemniscus_(anatomy)] subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:76742 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_881 is_a: UBERON:0002616 ! regional part of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0003002 name: medial lemniscus namespace: uberon def: "The medial lemniscus, also known as Reil's band or Reil's ribbon, is a pathway in the brainstem that carries sensory information from the gracile and cuneate nuclei to the thalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_lemniscus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lemniscus medialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_lemniscus] xref: BM:LM xref: FMA:83675 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Gray759.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Gray759.png/200px-Gray759.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_887 xref: SCTID:362398006 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003001 ! lemniscus is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0003004 name: median raphe nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The median raphe nucleus (or superior central nucleus) is composed of polygonal, fusiform and pyriform neurons and exists rostral to the nucleus raphe pontis. One trait of the MRN is its inhibition by lysergic acid diethylamide and psilocin, two serotonin antagonist hallucinogens. The inactivation of the nucleus centralis superior via LSD produces a dose dependent inactivation in the MRN, but not in the raphe pallidus[WP,unvetted]." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=440764&aid=3248146&group_id=36855, Wikipedia:Median_raphe_nucleus] comment: TODO: The term medial raphe nucleus refers to a composite structure that consists of the superior central nucleus and the inferior central nucleus of the pontine reticular formation ( Carpenter-1983 )[http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?type=h&ID=1391] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cell group b8" EXACT [] synonym: "medial raphe nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "median nucleus of the raphe" EXACT [FMA:72465] synonym: "MRN" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus raphes medianus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72465, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus raphes medianus, nucleus centralis superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Median_raphe_nucleus] synonym: "superior central nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72465] synonym: "superior central nucleus raphe" EXACT [FMA:72465] synonym: "superior central tegmental nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72465] xref: ABA:CS xref: BM:MR xref: FMA:72465 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_889 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007415 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of midbrain reticular formation relationship: part_of UBERON:0002639 {source="Wikipedia"} ! midbrain reticular formation relationship: part_of UBERON:0004684 {source="Wikipedia"} ! raphe nuclei property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002047 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002148 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002267 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002587 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003005 name: dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of midbrain namespace: uberon def: "A dorsal longitudinal fasciculus that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bundle of Schutz of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fasciculus of Schutz of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain bundle of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain dorsal longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain fasciculus of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain posterior longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior longitudinal fasciculus of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72453 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_893 is_a: UBERON:0003045 ! dorsal longitudinal fasciculus intersection_of: UBERON:0003045 ! dorsal longitudinal fasciculus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0003006 name: dorsal nucleus of lateral lemniscus namespace: uberon synonym: "dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72483] synonym: "nucleus of the lateral lemniscus, dorsal part" EXACT [ABA:NLLd] synonym: "nucleus posterior lemnisci lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72483, FMA:TA] synonym: "posterior nucleus of lateral lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72483] xref: ABA:NLLd xref: BM:LLD xref: FMA:72483 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_894 is_a: UBERON:0006840 ! nucleus of lateral lemniscus [Term] id: UBERON:0003007 name: lateral parabrachial nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The lateral parabrachial nucleus induces thirst by stimulating the median preoptic nucleus. It gets its name from its location relative to the superior cerebellar peduncles, which is also known as the 'brachia conjunctiva'. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_parabrachial_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:72481 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_897 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0003008 name: dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of hypothalamus namespace: uberon def: "A dorsal longitudinal fasciculus that is part of a hypothalamus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bundle of Schutz of hypothalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bundle of Schutz of preoptico-hypothalamic area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bundle of Schutz of preoptico-hypothalamic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of preoptico-hypothalamic area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of preoptico-hypothalamic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fasciculus of Schutz of hypothalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fasciculus of Schutz of preoptico-hypothalamic area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fasciculus of Schutz of preoptico-hypothalamic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hypothalamus bundle of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hypothalamus dorsal longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hypothalamus fasciculus of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hypothalamus posterior longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior longitudinal fasciculus of hypothalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior longitudinal fasciculus of preoptico-hypothalamic area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior longitudinal fasciculus of preoptico-hypothalamic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic area bundle of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic area dorsal longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic area fasciculus of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic area posterior longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic region bundle of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic region dorsal longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic region fasciculus of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic region posterior longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:62063 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_898 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003045 ! dorsal longitudinal fasciculus is_a: UBERON:0003931 {is_inferred="true"} ! diencephalic white matter intersection_of: UBERON:0003045 ! dorsal longitudinal fasciculus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002430 ! lateral hypothalamic area [Term] id: UBERON:0003009 name: dorsal tegmental decussation namespace: uberon synonym: "decussatio tegmentalis posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72451, FMA:TA] synonym: "dorsal fountain decussation" EXACT [FMA:72451] synonym: "fountain decussation of Meynert" EXACT [] synonym: "Meynert's decussation" EXACT [FMA:72451] synonym: "posterior tegmental decussation" EXACT [FMA:72451] xref: FMA:72451 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_901 xref: SCTID:369248009 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0003010 name: lateral pes lemniscus namespace: uberon synonym: "deep pes lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72459] synonym: "lateral pontine bundle" EXACT [FMA:72459] synonym: "laterale haubenfussschleife" EXACT [] synonym: "laterale pontine buendel" EXACT [] xref: FMA:72459 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_902 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0003011 name: facial motor nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The facial motor nucleus is a collection of neurons in the brainstem that belong to the facial nerve. These lower motor neurons innervate the muscles of facial expression and the stapedius. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Facial_motor_nucleus] comment: see comments for facial nucleus. also check ZFA/pons subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "branchiomotor nucleus of facial nerve" EXACT [FMA:54582] synonym: "facial motor nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54582] synonym: "facial nerve motor nucleus" EXACT [ZFA:0000206] synonym: "facial nucleus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Facial_nucleus] synonym: "motor nucleus of facial nerve" EXACT [FMA:54582] synonym: "motor nucleus of VII" EXACT [FMA:54582] synonym: "motor nucleus VII" EXACT [ZFA:0000206] synonym: "n. nervi facialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Facial_motor_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus motorius nervi facialis" EXACT [ZFA:0000206] synonym: "nVII" EXACT [ZFA:0000206] xref: ABA:VII xref: FMA:54582 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Gray788.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Gray788.png/200px-Gray788.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_903 xref: TAO:0000206 xref: ZFA:0000206 is_a: UBERON:0000127 ! facial nucleus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002151 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002968 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003012 name: flocculonodular lobe namespace: uberon def: "The flocculonodular lobe is a lobe of the cerebellum consisting of the nodule and the flocculus. It is closely associated with the vestibulocerebellum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Flocculonodular_lobe] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cerebellum flocculonodular lobe" EXACT [MA:0002965] synonym: "flocculonodular lobe" EXACT [FMA:72253] synonym: "flocculonodular lobe of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72253] synonym: "lobus flocculonodularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72253, FMA:TA] synonym: "posterior lobe-2 of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72253] xref: EV:0100297 xref: FMA:72253 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/CerebellumDiv.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/CerebellumDiv.png/200px-CerebellumDiv.png xref: MA:0002965 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_904 xref: SCTID:279361008 is_a: UBERON:0005293 ! cerebellum lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0003013 name: alar central lobule namespace: uberon def: "The lobulus centralis is a small square lobule, situated in the anterior cerebellar notch. It overlaps the lingula, from which it is separated by the precentral fissure; laterally, it extends along the upper and anterior part of each hemisphere, where it forms a wing-like prolongation, the alar central lobule. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Alar_central_lobule] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ala lobuli centralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Alar_central_lobule] synonym: "alae of central lobule" EXACT [FMA:72517] synonym: "lobules II, III of vermis" EXACT [FMA:72517] xref: FMA:72517 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Gray702.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_907 is_a: UBERON:0004003 ! cerebellum hemisphere lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0003021 {source="FMA-abduced-lr"} ! central lobule [Term] id: UBERON:0003015 name: anterior quadrangular lobule namespace: uberon synonym: "anterior crescentic lobule of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72516] synonym: "anterior quadrangular lobule of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72516] synonym: "anterior quadrangular lobule of cerebellum [H IV et V]" EXACT [FMA:72516] synonym: "anterior semilunar lobule" EXACT [FMA:72516] synonym: "lobulus quadrangularis anterior cerebelli [h iv et v]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72516, FMA:TA] synonym: "semilunar lobule-1 (anterior)" EXACT [FMA:72516] xref: FMA:72516 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_913 xref: SCTID:369041006 is_a: UBERON:0004003 ! cerebellum hemisphere lobule is_a: UBERON:0004004 ! cerebellum lobule [Term] id: UBERON:0003016 name: postcommissural fornix namespace: uberon xref: FMA:62062 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_914 is_a: UBERON:0000052 ! fornix of brain is_a: UBERON:0003931 {is_inferred="true"} ! diencephalic white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002430 ! lateral hypothalamic area [Term] id: UBERON:0003017 name: substantia innominata namespace: uberon def: "The substantia innominata (literally 'unnamed substance') of Meynert is a stratum consisting partly of gray and partly of white substance, which lies below the anterior part of the thalamus and lentiform nucleus. The gross anatomical structure is called anterior perforated substance because to the naked eye looks perforated by many holes. Holes are due to many blood vessels that pass through this area. It is part of the basal forebrain. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Substantia_innominata] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "innominate substance" EXACT [FMA:61885] synonym: "nucleus of substantia innominata" EXACT [FMA:61885] synonym: "substantia innominata of Reichert" RELATED [BTO:0002447] synonym: "substantia innominata of Reil" RELATED [BTO:0002447] xref: ABA:SI xref: BM:Tel-SI xref: BTO:0002447 xref: FMA:61885 xref: GAID:638 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Substantia_innominata_MRI.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Substantia_innominata_MRI.PNG/200px-Substantia_innominata_MRI.PNG xref: MESH:A08.186.211.577.820 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_915 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus disjoint_from: UBERON:0010010 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! basal nucleus of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002743 {source="WP"} ! basal forebrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002778 {source="ABA"} ! ventral pallidum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007627 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003018 name: parvicellular part of ventral posteromedial nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "gustatory nucleus (thalamus)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_917] synonym: "gustatory thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62207] synonym: "nucleus ventralis posterior medialis thalami, pars parvicellularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_917] synonym: "pars parvicellularis nuclei ventralis posteromedialis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62207, FMA:TA] synonym: "parvicellular part of ventral posteromedial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62207] synonym: "ventral posteromedial nucleus of thalamus, parvicellular part" EXACT [FMA:62207] synonym: "ventral posteromedial nucleus, parvocellular part" EXACT [FMA:62207] synonym: "ventral posteromedial thalamic nucleus, parvicellular part" EXACT [FMA:62207] synonym: "ventroposteromedial nucleus of the thalamus, parvicellular part" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_917] xref: ABA:VPMpc xref: FMA:62207 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_917 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis [Term] id: UBERON:0003019 name: oral part of ventral posterolateral nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "nucleus lateralis intermedius lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_918] synonym: "nucleus posteroventralis oralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_918] synonym: "nucleus ventralis intermedius (dewulf)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_918] synonym: "nucleus ventralis intermedius (walker)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_918] synonym: "nucleus ventralis intermedius thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_918] synonym: "nucleus ventralis posterior lateralis, pars oralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_918] synonym: "nucleus ventrointermedius" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_918] synonym: "ventral part of ventral lateral posterior nucleus (jones)" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral posterolateral nucleus, oral part" EXACT [FMA:62205] synonym: "ventral posterolateral thalamic nucleus, oral part" EXACT [FMA:62205] xref: FMA:62205 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_918 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis [Term] id: UBERON:0003020 name: subcallosal area namespace: uberon def: "The subcallosal area (parolfactory area of Broca, area parolfactoria) is a small triangular field on the medial surface of the hemisphere in front of the subcallosal gyrus, from which it is separated by the posterior parolfactory sulcus; it is continuous below with the olfactory trigone, and above and in front with the cingulate gyrus; it is limited anteriorly by the anterior parolfactory sulcus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Subcallosal_area] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "adolfactory area" EXACT [FMA:61890] synonym: "area paraolfactoria" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61890, FMA:TA] synonym: "area subcallosa, area parolfactoria" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Subcallosal_area] synonym: "paraolfactory area" EXACT [FMA:61890] synonym: "parolfactory area" EXACT [FMA:61890] xref: FMA:61890 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray732.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray732.png/200px-Gray732.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_919 xref: SCTID:362357004 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis disjoint_from: UBERON:0010010 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! basal nucleus of telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0003021 name: central lobule namespace: uberon def: "The central lobule is a small square lobule, situated in the anterior cerebellar notch. It overlaps the lingula, from which it is separated by the precentral fissure; laterally, it extends along the upper and anterior part of each hemisphere, where it forms a wing-like prolongation, the ala lobuli centralis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Central_lobule] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "central lobule of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72519] synonym: "central lobule of cerebellum [II and III]" EXACT [FMA:72519] synonym: "lobulus centralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Central_lobule] synonym: "lobulus centralis cerebelli [ii et iii]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72519, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:CENT xref: FMA:72519 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Gray703.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Gray703.png/200px-Gray703.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_920 xref: SCTID:279383007 is_a: UBERON:0004003 ! cerebellum hemisphere lobule property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0004077 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003022 name: lobe parts of cerebral cortex namespace: uberon comment: check w.r.t regional part of cerebreal cortex synonym: "cerebral cortical segment" RELATED [FMA:68603] synonym: "regional organ part of cerebral cortex" RELATED [FMA:68603] synonym: "segment of cerebral cortex" RELATED [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_922] xref: FMA:68603 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_922 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0003023 name: pontine tegmentum namespace: uberon def: "The pontine tegmentum is a part of the pons of the brain involved in the initiation of REM sleep. It includes the pedunculopontine nucleus and the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus, among others, and is located near the raphe nucleus and the locus ceruleus. The trapezoid body is part of the pontine tegmentum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pontine_tegmentum] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dorsal portion of pons" EXACT [FMA:71108] synonym: "tegmental portion of pons" EXACT [FMA:71108] synonym: "tegmentum of pons" EXACT [FMA:71108] synonym: "tegmentum pontis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71108, FMA:TA] synonym: "tegmentum pontis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pontine_tegmentum] xref: FMA:71108 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Brainstem_Abducens.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Brainstem_Abducens.png/200px-Brainstem_Abducens.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_923 xref: SCTID:362401009 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: has_part UBERON:0002047 ! pontine raphe nucleus relationship: has_part UBERON:0002128 ! superior olivary complex relationship: has_part UBERON:0002148 ! locus ceruleus relationship: has_part UBERON:0002149 ! superior salivatory nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons [Term] id: UBERON:0003024 name: principal part of ventral posteromedial nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "nucleus ventralis posteromedialis, pars prinicipalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_927] xref: FMA:62208 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_927 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis [Term] id: UBERON:0003025 name: brachium of inferior colliculus namespace: uberon def: "The Brachium of inferior colliculus (or inferior brachium) carries auditory afferent fibers from the inferior colliculus of the mesencephalon to the medial geniculate nucleus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Brachium_of_inferior_colliculus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "brachium colliculi inferioris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Brachium_of_inferior_colliculus] synonym: "brachium of medial geniculate" EXACT [FMA:71114] synonym: "inferior brachium" EXACT [FMA:71114] synonym: "inferior collicular brachium" EXACT [FMA:71114] synonym: "inferior colliculus brachium" EXACT [FMA:71114] synonym: "inferior quadrigeminal brachium" EXACT [FMA:71114] synonym: "peduncle of inferior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:71114] xref: BM:MB-BSC xref: FMA:71114 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Human_brainstem-thalamus_posterior_view_description.JPG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Human_brainstem-thalamus_posterior_view_description.JPG/200px-Human_brainstem-thalamus_posterior_view_description.JPG xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_929 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001946 ! inferior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0003026 name: limitans nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "limitans thalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_931] synonym: "nucleus limitans" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_931] synonym: "nucleus limitans opticus (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_931] synonym: "nucleus limitans thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_931] xref: BM:Die-Th-L xref: FMA:62220 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_931 xref: SCTID:369181002 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0003027 name: cingulate cortex namespace: uberon def: "The cingulate cortex is a part of the brain situated in the medial aspect of the cortex. It is extended from the corpus callosum below to the cingulate sulcus above, at least anteriorly. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cingulate_cortex] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus cingulatus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cingulate_cortex] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-Cg xref: BTO:0003975 xref: EFO:0000343 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Gray727_cingulate_gyrus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Gray727_cingulate_gyrus.png/200px-Gray727_cingulate_gyrus.png xref: MA:0000904 xref: ncithesaurus:Cingulate_Cortex xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_934 xref: UMLS:C0598179 is_a: UBERON:0003022 ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0003028 name: commissure of inferior colliculus namespace: uberon def: "A commissure that is part of a inferior colliculus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "caudal colliculus commissure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "commissure of caudal colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "commissure of inferior colliculi" EXACT [FMA:71115] synonym: "commissure of posterior colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "commissure of posterior corpus quadrigeminum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior collicular commissure" EXACT [FMA:71115] synonym: "inferior colliculus commissure" EXACT [FMA:71115] synonym: "posterior colliculus commissure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior corpus quadrigeminum commissure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:71115 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_935 xref: SCTID:369260005 is_a: UBERON:0001020 ! commissure is_a: UBERON:0005970 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain commissure intersection_of: UBERON:0001020 ! commissure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001946 ! inferior colliculus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001946 ! inferior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0003029 name: stria terminalis namespace: uberon def: "The stria terminalis (terminal stria) is a structure in the brain consisting of a band of fibers running along the lateral margin of the ventricular surface of the thalamus. Serving as a major output pathway of the amygdala, the stria terminalis runs from its corticomedial division to the ventral medial nucleus of the hypothalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Stria_terminalis] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "semicircular stria" EXACT [FMA:61974] synonym: "stria terminalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Stria_terminalis] synonym: "terminal stria" EXACT [Wikipedia:Terminal_stria] xref: BM:ST xref: BM:STr xref: BTO:0004616 xref: FMA:61974 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Gray683.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Gray683.png/200px-Gray683.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_937 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0003030 name: posterior nucleus of thalamus namespace: uberon subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "caudal thalamic nucleus" RELATED [TAO:0000325] synonym: "nucleus posterior thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_939] xref: BM:Die-Th-Po xref: FMA:62221 xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Nucleus_of_the_Thalamus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_939 xref: SCTID:424901000 xref: TAO:0000325 xref: UMLS:C0262315 xref: ZFA:0000325 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0003031 name: submedial nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "gelatinosus thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62223] synonym: "nucleus submedialis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62223, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus submedius thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_946] synonym: "submedial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62223] synonym: "submedial nucleus thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_946] synonym: "submedial thalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_946] xref: ABA:SMT xref: EV:0100203 xref: FMA:62223 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_946 xref: SCTID:279151007 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002739 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003033 name: suprageniculate nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "nucleus suprageniculatus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_953] synonym: "suprageniculate thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62222] xref: ABA:SGN xref: BM:Die-Th-SG xref: FMA:62222 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_953 xref: SCTID:369180001 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002709 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002983 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003034 name: central dorsal nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "nucleus centralis dorsalis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_956] synonym: "nucleus centralis superior lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_956] synonym: "nucleus centralis superior lateralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_956] synonym: "nucleus circularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_956] xref: ABA:NC xref: FMA:62169 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_956 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0003035 name: regional part of cerebellar white matter namespace: uberon def: "A multi-tissue structure that is part of a white matter of cerebellum." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "segment of cerebellar white matter" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_959] xref: FMA:72547 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_959 is_a: UBERON:0000073 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0003036 name: central lateral nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "central lateral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62170] synonym: "central lateral thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62170] synonym: "centrolateral thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62170] synonym: "nucleus centralis lateralis of thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_961] synonym: "nucleus centralis lateralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_961] xref: ABA:CL xref: BM:Die-CL xref: EV:0100205 xref: FMA:62170 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_961 xref: SCTID:279153005 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001922 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001923 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001924 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002955 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003038 name: thoracic spinal cord namespace: uberon def: "The thoracic nerves are the spinal nerves emerging from the thoracic vertebrae. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thoracic_spinal_cord] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "segmenta thoracica medullae spinalis [1-12]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71167, FMA:TA] synonym: "thoracic region of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:71167] synonym: "thoracic segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:71167] synonym: "thoracic segments of spinal cord [1-12]" EXACT [FMA:71167] synonym: "thoracic spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:71167] xref: FMA:71167 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Gray820.png/200px-Gray820.png xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracic_Spinal_Cord xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_966 xref: SCTID:278750009 xref: UMLS:C0581620 [Term] id: UBERON:0003039 name: anterior commissure anterior part namespace: uberon def: "the horseshoe-shaped tract that connects the two olfactory bulbs." [MP:0010859] synonym: "anterior commissure pars anterior" EXACT [MP:0010859] synonym: "anterior commissure, anterior part" EXACT [FMA:61963] synonym: "anterior part of anterior commissure" EXACT [MP:0008230] synonym: "anterior part of anterior commissure" EXACT [FMA:61963] synonym: "olfactory limb of anterior commissure" EXACT [FMA:61963] synonym: "olfactory part of anterior commissure" EXACT [FMA:61963] synonym: "pars anterior" BROAD [MP:0008230] synonym: "pars anterior commissurae anterioris" EXACT [MP:0008230] xref: FMA:61963 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_969 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0002437 {is_inferred="true"} ! cerebral white matter disjoint_from: UBERON:0006964 ! pars distalis of adenohypophysis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000935 ! anterior commissure [Term] id: UBERON:0003040 name: central gray substance of midbrain namespace: uberon def: "Periaqueductal gray (PAG; also called the 'central gray') is the gray matter located around the cerebral aqueduct within the midbrain. It plays a role in the descending modulation of pain and in defensive behaviour. The ascending pain and temperature fibers of the spinothalamic tract also send information to the PAG via the spinomesencephalic tract. The spinomesencephalic tract is so-named because the fibers originate in the spine and terminate in the mesencephalon, another name for the midbrain, the part of the brain in which the PAG resides. [WP,unvetted]." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3209233&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, Wikipedia:Periaqueductal_gray] comment: TODO - resolve MA - see tracker subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anulus of cerebral aqueduct" EXACT [FMA:74510] synonym: "central (periaqueductal) gray" EXACT [FMA:74510] synonym: "central grey" RELATED [MA:0000209] synonym: "griseum centrale" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_973] synonym: "midbrain periaqueductal grey" EXACT [MA:0000209] synonym: "periaquectuctal grey" EXACT DUBIOUS [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3209233&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, MA:0002895] synonym: "periaqueductal gray" EXACT [FMA:74510] synonym: "periaqueductal gray matter" EXACT [FMA:74510] synonym: "periaqueductal gray of tegmentum" EXACT [FMA:74510] synonym: "periaqueductal grey" EXACT [MA:0002895] synonym: "periaqueductal grey matter" EXACT [EV:0100249] synonym: "periaqueductal grey substance" EXACT [FMA:74510] synonym: "s. grisea centralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Periaqueductal_gray] synonym: "substantia grisea centralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_973] xref: ABA:PAG xref: BM:MB-PAG xref: BTO:0002701 xref: EFO:0002470 xref: EV:0100249 xref: FMA:74510 xref: GAID:585 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png/200px-Cn3nucleus.png xref: MA:0000209 xref: MA:0002895 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.659.822.595 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_973 xref: SCTID:369233003 xref: TAO:0000518 xref: ZFA:0000518 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003043 name: posterior part of anterior commissure namespace: uberon def: "the major forebrain commissure that connects the two temporal lobes of the cortex." [MP:0010860] synonym: "anterior commissure pars posterior" EXACT [MP:0010860] synonym: "anterior commissure temporal limb" EXACT [MP:0008230] synonym: "anterior commissure, posterior part" EXACT [FMA:61964] synonym: "pars posterior" BROAD [MP:0008229] synonym: "temporal limb of anterior commissure" EXACT [FMA:61964] xref: FMA:61964 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_977 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0002437 {is_inferred="true"} ! cerebral white matter disjoint_from: UBERON:0003217 ! neural lobe of neurohypophysis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000935 ! anterior commissure [Term] id: UBERON:0003044 name: uncinate fasciculus namespace: uberon def: "The uncinate fasciculus is a white matter tract in the human brain that connects parts of the limbic system such as the hippocampus and amygdala in the temporal lobe with frontal ones such as the orbitofrontal cortex. Its function is unknown though it is affected in several psychiatric conditions. It is the last white matter tract to mature in the human brain. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Uncinate_fasciculus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cerebral uncinate fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:77636] xref: FMA:77636 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Gray751.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Gray751.png/200px-Gray751.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_983 xref: SCTID:369083001 is_a: UBERON:0001019 ! fascicle [Term] id: UBERON:0003045 name: dorsal longitudinal fasciculus namespace: uberon def: "The dorsal longitudinal fasciculus (DLF) (not to be confused with the medial longitudinal fasciculus) is a white matter fiber tract located within the brain stem, specifically in the dorsal brainstem tegmentum. The DLF travels through the periaqueductal gray matter. The tract is comprised of a diffuse brainstem pathway located in the periventricular gray matter comprising ascending visceral sensory axons and descending hypothalamic axons. As with all white matter tracts, the DLF consists of myelinated axons carrying information between neurons. The DLF, carries both ascending and descending fibers, conveys visceral motor and sensory signals. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_longitudinal_fasciculus] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "bundle of Schutz" EXACT [FMA:83845] synonym: "DLF" RELATED [ZFA:0005266] synonym: "fasciculus longitudinalis posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83845, FMA:TA] synonym: "fasciculus longitudinalis posterior; fasciculus longitudinalis dorsalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsal_longitudinal_fasciculus] synonym: "fasciculus of Schutz" EXACT [FMA:83845] synonym: "posterior longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:83845] xref: FMA:83845 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_986 xref: SCTID:369082006 xref: ZFA:0005266 is_a: UBERON:0001019 ! fascicle is_a: UBERON:0005838 ! fasciculus of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0003046 name: ventral acoustic stria namespace: uberon synonym: "anterior acoustic stria" EXACT [FMA:72498] synonym: "stria cochlearis anterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72498, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:72498 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_991 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0003047 name: regional part of pretectal region namespace: uberon def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a pretectal region [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "pretectal region segment" EXACT [FMA:74519] synonym: "segment of pretectal region" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_993] xref: FMA:74519 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_993 is_a: UBERON:0002966 ! regional part of midbrain tectum [Term] id: UBERON:0003048 name: regional part of hypothalamus namespace: uberon def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a hypothalamus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "hypothalamus segment" EXACT [FMA:67706] synonym: "segment of hypothalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_995] xref: FMA:67706 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_995 xref: SCTID:360454003 is_a: UBERON:0002784 ! regional part of diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0003052 name: midbrain-hindbrain boundary namespace: uberon def: "The part of the brain that is the morphological boundary between the midbrain and hindbrain and that is the location of an organizing center which patterns the midbrain and hindbrain primordia of the neural plate." [GO:0021555] comment: editor note: consider adding class for organizer. Consider adding separate class for isthmus as a structure subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "isthmo-cerebellar region" RELATED [VHOG:0000649] synonym: "isthmus" RELATED [] synonym: "isthmus/MHB" RELATED [Geisha:syn, NCBITaxon:8782] synonym: "MHB" EXACT [] synonym: "mid-hindbrain boundary" EXACT [] synonym: "mid-hindbrain junction" EXACT [] synonym: "midbrain hindbrain boundary" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011064 xref: EHDAA2:0004395 xref: EHDAA:5789 xref: TAO:0000042 xref: VHOG:0000649 xref: XAO:0000016 xref: ZFA:0000042 relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 {source="ZFA"} ! brain property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "Lampreys also have an MHB [midbrain hindbrain boundary], expressing a similar repertoire of regulatory gene cognates as in gnathostomes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000649", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.ydbio.2005.02.008 Murakami Y, Uchida K, Rijli FM and Kuratani S, Evolution of the brain developmental plan: Insights from agnathans. Developmental Biology (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003053 name: ventricular zone namespace: uberon def: "Proliferative region that is part of the ventricular system." [ZFA:0001083] comment: in BTO this is restricted to the 4th ventricle - however this class also represents the early ventricular zone as well as its post-natal remnants. The MA class is named 'ventricular zone of brain' and is presumably restricted to the post-natal zone subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "brain ventricular zone" EXACT [MA:0000819] synonym: "ventricular zone of brain" EXACT [] synonym: "VZ" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011112 xref: BTO:0003654 xref: EFO:0003624 xref: MA:0000819 xref: TAO:0001083 xref: VHOG:0001224 xref: XAO:0000021 xref: ZFA:0001083 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 {source="MA"} ! brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0005281 {source="ZFA"} ! ventricular system of central nervous system property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Proliferative zone in the region of the neural tube adjacent to the lumen." xsd:string {source="http://www.dartmouth.edu/~rswenson/NeuroSci/chapter_4.html"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "There are two primary regions that are thought to give rise to neurons that make up the cerebellum. The first region is the ventricular zone (the roof of the fourth ventricle). This area produces Purkinje cells and deep cerebellar nuclear neurons[BTO:0003654]." xsd:string {source="BTO:0003654"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003054 name: roof plate namespace: uberon def: "a single row of glia at the dorsal midline of the developing neural tube. This region provides inductive signals for the specification of neuronal cell types and of the specification of neural crest cells. The cells comprising the roof plate are the precursors to radial glial cells." [GO:0021509, PMID:15378040] comment: TODO - Note that although this is classically defined as being located on the neural tube, in many AOs the roof plate continues post-embryonically after the neural tube has ceased to exist. Consider 'roof plate of neural tube'. TODO - alar plate vs roof plate subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "alar plate" RELATED [Wikipedia:Roof_plate] synonym: "roofplate" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011097 xref: TAO:0007058 xref: ZFA:0007058 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Multi-tissue structure that is the dorsal-most aspect of the devleloping neural tube.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0007058", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003076 name: posterior neural tube namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: AAO:0011082 xref: TAO:0007037 xref: VHOG:0001383 xref: XAO:0000250 xref: ZFA:0007037 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube property_value: UBPROP:0000003 " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001383", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.28", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003078 name: epibranchial placode namespace: uberon def: "Focal thickenings of the embryonic ectoderm that form immediately dorsal and caudal of the clefts between the pharyngeal arches and that produce the neuroblasts that migrate and condense to form the distal cranial ganglia." [VHOG:0000117] comment: Epibranchial placodes-derived neurons innervate internal organs to transmit information such as heart rate, blood pressure, and visceral distension from the periphery to the central nervous system (Baker and Bronner-Fraser, 2001). From rostral to caudal the epibranchial placodes comprise the geniculate, petrosal, and nodose placodes, each associated in sequence with the first, second and third branchial clefts. Each placode contributes sensory neurons to cranial nerves VII (facial nerve), IX (glossopharyngeal nerve), and X (vagal nerve), respectively[NBK53175]. AO notes: in XAO this develops_from dorsolateral placode, but in NBK53175, this is a separate group synonym: "epibranchial placodes" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001294] synonym: "ventrolateral placode" RELATED [ISBN10:0471888893] xref: AAO:0011036 xref: EFO:0003455 xref: TAO:0001294 xref: VHOG:0000117 xref: XAO:0000284 xref: ZFA:0001294 relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 {source="ZFA"} ! peripheral nervous system property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Focal thickenings of the embryonic ectoderm that form immediately dorsal and caudal of the clefts between the pharyngeal arches and that produce the neuroblasts that migrate and condense to form the distal cranial ganglia. [Graham_A, The_development_and_evolution_of_the_pharyngeal_arches._J_Anat_(2001)_199:_133-141][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000117", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "These (the epibranchial placodes) are focal thickenings of the embryonic ectoderm that form immediately dorsal and caudal of the clefts between the pharyngeal arches in all vertebrates, and they produce the neuroblasts which migrate and condense to form the distal cranial ganglia: the geniculate, petrosal and nodose ganglia. (...) The one substantial difference between the vertebrate pharyngeal arches and those of the protochordates is the presence of the epibranchial placodes but the evolution of these structures was undoubtedly driven by the endoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000117", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19910133.x Graham A, The development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003079 name: floor plate namespace: uberon def: "A ventral region of glial cells in the neural tube that provides inductive signals for the specification of neuronal cell types. The floor plate is evident at the ventral midline by the neural fold stage[GO]. A structure integral to the developing nervous system of vertebrate organisms. Located on the ventral midline of the embryonic neural tube, the floor plate is a specialized glial structure that spans the anteroposterior axis from the midbrain to the tail regions. It has been shown that the floor plate is conserved among vertebrates with homologous structures in invertebrates such as the fruit fly Drosophila and the nematode C. elegans. Functionally, the structure serves as an organizer to ventralize tissues in the embryo as well as to guide neuronal positioning and differentiation along the dorsoventral axis of the neural tube[WP]." [GO:0021508, PMID:15738958, Wikipedia:Floor_plate] comment: Note that although this is classically defined as being located on the neural tube, in many AOs the floor plate continues post-embryonically after the neural tube has ceased to exist. Consider 'floor plate of neural tube'. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "bodenplatte" RELATED [BTO:0001720] synonym: "floorplate" EXACT [] synonym: "FP" RELATED [TAO:0000022] synonym: "ventral plate" RELATED [BTO:0001720] xref: AAO:0011041 xref: BTO:0001720 xref: EFO:0003473 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Gray642.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Gray642.png/200px-Gray642.png xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000545 xref: TAO:0000022 xref: ZFA:0000022 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Organizing center consisting of a small group of cells located at the ventral midline of the neural tube that influences the development of the nervous system, governing the specification of neuronal cell types and directing axonal trajectories.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011041", ontology="AAO", source="GO:0021508", source="PMID:15738958"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003080 name: anterior neural tube namespace: uberon comment: editor note: TODO - add grouping class for the anterior end of the neural tube at all stages xref: AAO:0011012 xref: TAO:0007038 xref: VHOG:0001384 xref: XAO:0000307 xref: ZFA:0007038 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube property_value: UBPROP:0000003 " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001384", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.28", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003090 name: supraorbital lateral line namespace: uberon def: "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "supraorbital line" EXACT [ZFA:0000443] xref: AAO:0011103 xref: TAO:0000443 xref: VHOG:0000128 xref: XAO:0000442 xref: ZFA:0000443 is_a: UBERON:0010202 ! lateral line property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000443", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The lateral line that is located above the eye. [Butler_AB_and_Hodos_W, Comparative_vertebrate_neuroanatomy:_Evolution_and_Adaptation_(1996)_New_York:_Wiley-Liss_Inc., p.27][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000128", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: part_of anterior lateral line (TAO:0001470)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000443", ontology="TAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The mechanosensory lateral line system is widely distributed in aquatic anamniotes. It was apparently present in the earliest vertebrates, as it has been identified in agnathans, cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, lungfishes, the crossopterygian Latimeria, and aquatic amphibians.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000128", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB and Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.195", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003093 name: occipital lateral line namespace: uberon def: "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "supratemporal lateral line" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011075 xref: TAO:0000400 xref: VHOG:0000131 xref: XAO:0000458 xref: ZFA:0000400 is_a: UBERON:0010202 ! lateral line property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000400", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: part_of anterior lateral line (TAO:0001470)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000400", ontology="TAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The mechanosensory lateral line system is widely distributed in aquatic anamniotes. It was apparently present in the earliest vertebrates, as it has been identified in agnathans, cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, lungfishes, the crossopterygian Latimeria, and aquatic amphibians.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000131", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB and Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.195", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003094 name: infraorbital lateral line namespace: uberon def: "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "infraorbital line" EXACT [ZFA:0000524] xref: AAO:0011053 xref: TAO:0000524 xref: VHOG:0000132 xref: XAO:0000459 xref: ZFA:0000524 is_a: UBERON:0010202 ! lateral line relationship: part_of UBERON:0002540 ! lateral line system property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000524", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The lateral line that is located below the eye. [Butler_AB_and_Hodos_W, Comparative_vertebrate_neuroanatomy:_Evolution_and_Adaptation_(1996)_New_York:_Wiley-Liss_Inc., p.27][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000132", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: part_of anterior lateral line (TAO:0001470)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000524", ontology="TAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The mechanosensory lateral line system is widely distributed in aquatic anamniotes. It was apparently present in the earliest vertebrates, as it has been identified in agnathans, cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, lungfishes, the crossopterygian Latimeria, and aquatic amphibians.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000132", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB and Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.195", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003095 name: dorsal lateral line namespace: uberon def: "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: AAO:0011030 xref: TAO:0005112 xref: VHOG:0001677 xref: XAO:0000462 xref: ZFA:0005112 is_a: UBERON:0010202 ! lateral line property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005112", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: part_of posterior lateral line system (TAO:0001471)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005112", ontology="TAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The mechanosensory lateral line system is widely distributed in aquatic anamniotes. It was apparently present in the earliest vertebrates, as it has been identified in agnathans, cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, lungfishes, the crossopterygian Latimeria, and aquatic amphibians.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001677", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB and Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.195", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003096 name: middle lateral line namespace: uberon def: "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: TAO:0000344 xref: VHOG:0000133 xref: XAO:0000463 xref: ZFA:0000344 is_a: UBERON:0010202 ! lateral line property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000344", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: develops_from middle lateral line primordium (TAO:0005118)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000344", ontology="TAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: part_of anterior lateral line (TAO:0001470)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000344", ontology="TAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: part_of middle lateral line system (TAO:0005114)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000344", ontology="TAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The mechanosensory lateral line system is widely distributed in aquatic anamniotes. It was apparently present in the earliest vertebrates, as it has been identified in agnathans, cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, lungfishes, the crossopterygian Latimeria, and aquatic amphibians.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000133", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB and Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.195", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003098 name: optic stalk namespace: uberon def: "The optic vesicles project toward the sides of the head, and the peripheral part of each expands to form a hollow bulb, while the proximal part remains narrow and constitutes the optic stalk. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Optic_stalk] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "pedunculus opticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Optic_stalk] xref: AAO:0011077 xref: EHDAA2:0001318 xref: EHDAA:3816 xref: EMAPA:16678 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Gray864.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Gray864.png/200px-Gray864.png xref: ncithesaurus:Optic_Stalk xref: SCTID:308788004 xref: TAO:0000137 xref: UMLS:C0231107 xref: VHOG:0000223 xref: XAO:0000475 xref: ZFA:0000137 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The evagination from the neural tube of the developing embryo which develops the optic cup at its extremity; the stalk persists as the optic nerve. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000223", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/optic+stalk"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000223", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.429", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003161 name: dorsal ocellus namespace: uberon def: "A simple visual organ of insects[GO]. Two ocelli appear on the vertical and one on the frontal plate[FBbt]. The multi-tissue structure that is located on the top of the head, composed of the corneal lens, pigment cell, rhabdoms and synaptic plexus[HAO]. Two evolutionary distinct ocellus types exist [2]: dorsal ocelli (or simply 'ocelli'), found in most insects, and lateral ocelli (or stemmata), which are found in the larvae of some insect orders. They are structurally and functionally very different. Simple eyes of other animals, e.g. cnidarians may also be referred to as 'ocelli', but again the structure and anatomy of these eyes is quite distinct from those of the dorsal ocelli of insects[Wikipedia]." [FBbt:00004505, GO:0008056, HAO:0000661, Wikipedia:Ocellus#Ocelli] synonym: "dorsal ocelli" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "ocelli" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "ocellus" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001758 xref: FBbt:00004505 xref: HAO:0000661 is_a: UBERON:0000963 ! head sensillum [Term] id: UBERON:0003162 name: lateral ocellus namespace: uberon def: "The ocellus that is paired[HAO]. The number, form, and function of the dorsal ocelli varies markedly throughout insect orders. They tend to be larger and more strongly expressed in flying insects (particularly bees, wasps, dragonflies and locusts), where they are typically found as a triplet. Two lateral ocelli are directed to the left and right of the head respectively, while a central (median) ocellus is directed frontally. In some terrestrial insects (e.g. some ants and cockroaches), only two lateral ocelli are present: the median ocellus is absent. Note that the unfortunately labelled 'lateral ocelli' here refers to the sideways facing position of the ocelli, which are of the dorsal type. They should not be confused with the lateral ocelli of some insect larvae (see stemmata)[Wikipedia]." [HAO:0000481, Wikipedia:Ocellus#Ocelli] xref: FBbt:00004506 xref: HAO:0000481 is_a: UBERON:0003161 ! dorsal ocellus [Term] id: UBERON:0003211 name: median ocellus namespace: uberon def: "The ocellus that is is located medially on the cranium[HAO]. The number, form, and function of the dorsal ocelli varies markedly throughout insect orders. They tend to be larger and more strongly expressed in flying insects (particularly bees, wasps, dragonflies and locusts), where they are typically found as a triplet. Two lateral ocelli are directed to the left and right of the head respectively, while a central (median) ocellus is directed frontally. In some terrestrial insects (e.g. some ants and cockroaches), only two lateral ocelli are present: the median ocellus is absent. Note that the unfortunately labelled 'lateral ocelli' here refers to the sideways facing position of the ocelli, which are of the dorsal type. They should not be confused with the lateral ocelli of some insect larvae (see stemmata)[Wikipedia]." [HAO:0000526, Wikipedia:Ocellus#Ocelli] xref: FBbt:00004507 xref: HAO:0000526 is_a: UBERON:0003161 ! dorsal ocellus [Term] id: UBERON:0003212 name: gustatory organ namespace: uberon def: "Any sense organ that functions in (some) detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of taste (GO:0050912)." [FBC:auto_generated_definition] synonym: "gustatory organ system organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gustatory system organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ of gustatory organ system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ of gustatory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ of taste system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "taste organ" EXACT [] synonym: "taste system organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FBbt:00005159 xref: FMA:77853 is_a: UBERON:0000005 ! chemosensory organ [Term] id: UBERON:0003217 name: neural lobe of neurohypophysis namespace: uberon def: "The posterior pituitary (or neurohypophysis) comprises the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland and is part of the endocrine system. Despite its name, the posterior pituitary gland is not a gland, per se; rather, it is largely a collection of axonal projections from the hypothalamus that terminate behind the anterior pituitary gland. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Neurohypophysis#cite_note-1] comment: TODO - compare with UBERON:0002198 subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pars nervosa" RELATED [MA:0000860] synonym: "pars nervosa (neurohypophysis)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74636, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars nervosa neurohypophysis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74636, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars nervosa of hypophysis" EXACT [] synonym: "pars nervosa of neurohypophysis" EXACT [] synonym: "pars nervosa of posterior lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT [] synonym: "pars nervosa pituitary gland" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_941] synonym: "pars posterior" EXACT [MA:0000860] synonym: "posterior lobe" BROAD [BTO:0000561] synonym: "posterior lobe of neurohypophysis" EXACT [FMA:74636] synonym: "posterior lobe-3" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000561 xref: EHDAA2:0001418 xref: EHDAA:7542 xref: FMA:74636 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Pituitary_gland_representation.PNG/200px-Pituitary_gland_representation.PNG xref: MA:0000860 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_941 xref: SCTID:424523008 xref: VHOG:0001180 is_a: UBERON:0002784 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002198 ! neurohypophysis property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. An infundibulum grows ventrally from the diencephalon of the brain, and Rathke's pouch extends dorsally from the roof of the developing mouth, or stomodaeum. The infundibulum remains connected to the floor of the diencephalon, which becomes the hypothalamus, and gives rise to the part of the gland known as the neurohypophysis. (...) Rathke's pouch loses its connection with the stomodaeum in most adult vertebrates and gives rise to the rest of the gland, the adenohypophysis. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001180", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.510 and Figure 15-5", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003241 name: epithelium of utricle namespace: uberon def: "An epithelium that is part of a utricle of membranous labyrinth [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: todo - check relationships w.r.t macula synonym: "epithelial tissue of membranous labyrinth utricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of utricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of utricle of membranous labyrinth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of utriculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth" NARROW [FMA:75604] synonym: "epithelium of membranous labyrinth utricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of utricle of membranous labyrinth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of utriculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "membranous labyrinth utricle epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "membranous labyrinth utricle epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "utricle epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "utricle epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "utricle of membranous labyrinth epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "utricle of membranous labyrinth epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "utriculus (labyrinthus vestibularis) epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "utriculus (labyrinthus vestibularis) epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA:4730 xref: EMAPA:17295 xref: EMAPA:17298 xref: EMAPA:17301 xref: EMAPA:17820 xref: EMAPA:17823 xref: FMA:75604 xref: MA:0001204 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002155 xref: VHOG:0000634 is_a: UBERON:0006932 {source="FMA"} ! vestibular epithelium is_a: UBERON:0006934 ! sensory epithelium relationship: has_part CL:1000379 {source="FMA"} ! type 1 vestibular sensory cell of epithelium of macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth relationship: has_part CL:1000383 {source="FMA"} ! type 2 vestibular sensory cell of epithelium of macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0003242 name: epithelium of saccule namespace: uberon def: "An epithelium that is part of a saccule of membranous labyrinth [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: todo - check relationships w.r.t macula synonym: "epithelial tissue of membranous labyrinth saccule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of saccule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of saccule of membranous labyrinth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of sacculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of macula of saccule of membranous labyrinth" RELATED [FMA:75605] synonym: "epithelium of membranous labyrinth saccule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of saccule of membranous labyrinth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of sacculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "membranous labyrinth saccule epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "membranous labyrinth saccule epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "saccule epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "saccule epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "saccule of membranous labyrinth epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "saccule of membranous labyrinth epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sacculus (labyrinthus vestibularis) epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sacculus (labyrinthus vestibularis) epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA:4724 xref: EMAPA:17292 xref: FMA:75605 xref: MA:0001202 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001771 xref: VHOG:0000633 is_a: UBERON:0006932 {is_inferred="true"} ! vestibular epithelium is_a: UBERON:0006934 ! sensory epithelium relationship: has_part CL:1000380 {source="FMA"} ! type 1 vestibular sensory cell of epithelium of macula of saccule of membranous labyrinth relationship: has_part CL:1000384 {source="FMA"} ! type 2 vestibular sensory cell of epithelium of macula of saccule of membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0003288 name: meninx of midbrain namespace: uberon def: "A meninx that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Editor notes: consider changing genus to subdivision of meninx synonym: "meninges of midbrain" EXACT PLURAL [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesencephalon meninges" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0000012] synonym: "midbrain meninges" EXACT PLURAL [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001174 xref: EHDAA:3708 xref: EMAPA:17791 xref: MA:0001058 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001109 xref: VHOG:0000012 is_a: UBERON:0003547 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain meninx intersection_of: UBERON:0002360 ! meninx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Meninges that are part of the midbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000012", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000012", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003289 name: meninx of telencephalon namespace: uberon def: "A meninx that is part of a telencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Editor notes: consider changing genus to subdivision of meninx synonym: "meninges of telencephalon" EXACT PLURAL [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "telencephalon meninges" EXACT PLURAL [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "telencephalon meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001990 xref: EHDAA:5476 xref: EMAPA:17774 xref: MA:0000979 xref: VHOG:0000010 is_a: UBERON:0003548 {is_inferred="true"} ! forebrain meninges intersection_of: UBERON:0002360 ! meninx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Meninges that are part of the telencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000010", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000010", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003290 name: meninx of diencephalon namespace: uberon def: "A meninx that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Editor notes: consider changing genus to subdivision of meninx synonym: "between brain meninges" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "between brain meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diencephalon meninges" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diencephalon meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain meninges" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon meninges" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meninges of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meninges of diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meninges of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meninges of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meninx of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meninx of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meninx of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000399 xref: EHDAA:5458 xref: EMAPA:17764 xref: MA:0000826 xref: VHOG:0000009 is_a: UBERON:0003548 {is_inferred="true"} ! forebrain meninges intersection_of: UBERON:0002360 ! meninx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Meninges that are part of the diencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000009", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000009", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003291 name: meninx of hindbrain namespace: uberon def: "A meninx that is part of a hindbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Editor notes: consider changing genus to subdivision of meninx synonym: "hindbrain meninges" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindbrain meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meninges of hindbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rhomencephalon meninges" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0000011] xref: EHDAA2:0000770 xref: EHDAA:3688 xref: EMAPA:17783 xref: MA:0000987 xref: VHOG:0000011 is_a: UBERON:0003547 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain meninx intersection_of: UBERON:0002360 ! meninx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010091 {evidence="definitional"} ! future hindbrain meninges property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Meninges that are part of the hindbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000011", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000011", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003292 name: meninx of spinal cord namespace: uberon def: "A meninx that is part of a spinal cord [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "menines of spinal cord" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "meninges of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinal cord meninges" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinal cord meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinal meninges" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "spinal meninx" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0001895 xref: EHDAA:2865 xref: EMAPA:17804 xref: MA:0001130 xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Meninges xref: SCTID:181097002 xref: UMLS:C0037938 xref: VHOG:0000443 intersection_of: UBERON:0002360 ! meninx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Meninges that are part of the spinal cord. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000443", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000443", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003296 name: gland of diencephalon namespace: uberon def: "A gland that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "between brain gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diencephalon gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000395 xref: EHDAA:4475 xref: EMAPA:16646 xref: EMAPA:16897 xref: VHOG:0000653 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure [Term] id: UBERON:0003298 name: roof plate of neural tube namespace: uberon def: "A roof plate that is part of a neural tube [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "neural tube roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neural tube roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roof plate neural tube" EXACT [VHOG:0000303] synonym: "roof plate neural tube region" EXACT [ZFA:0001436] synonym: "roofplate of neural tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001270 xref: EHDAA:2891 xref: EHDAA:916 xref: EMAPA:16168 xref: EMAPA:16535 xref: TAO:0001436 xref: VHOG:0000303 xref: ZFA:0001436 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure [Term] id: UBERON:0003299 name: roof plate of midbrain namespace: uberon def: "A roof plate that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "midbrain roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roof plate mesencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0000772] synonym: "roof plate midbrain" EXACT [VHOG:0000772] synonym: "roof plate midbrain region" EXACT [ZFA:0000355] synonym: "roofplate midbrain" RELATED [VHOG:0000772] synonym: "roofplate of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001177 xref: EHDAA:3712 xref: EMAPA:16981 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001111 xref: TAO:0000355 xref: VHOG:0000772 xref: ZFA:0000355 is_a: UBERON:0003298 {is_inferred="true"} ! roof plate of neural tube property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Roof plate that is part of the midbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000772", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003300 name: roof plate of telencephalon namespace: uberon def: "A roof plate that is part of a telencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roof plate telencephalon" EXACT [VHOG:0000774] synonym: "roofplate medulla telencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0000774] synonym: "roofplate of telencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "telencephalon roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "telencephalon roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001994 xref: EHDAA:3512 xref: EMAPA:16657 xref: VHOG:0000774 is_a: UBERON:0003298 {is_inferred="true"} ! roof plate of neural tube property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Roof plate that is part of the telencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000774", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003301 name: roof plate of diencephalon namespace: uberon def: "A roof plate that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "between brain roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "between brain roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diencephalon roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diencephalon roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roof plate diencephalic region" EXACT [ZFA:0001358] synonym: "roof plate diencephalon" EXACT [VHOG:0000771] synonym: "roof plate of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roof plate of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roof plate of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roofplate medulla diencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0000771] synonym: "roofplate of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roofplate of diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roofplate of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roofplate of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000402 xref: EHDAA:1979 xref: EHDAA:2657 xref: EHDAA:3494 xref: EMAPA:16651 xref: EMAPA:16909 xref: TAO:0001358 xref: VHOG:0000771 xref: ZFA:0001358 is_a: UBERON:0003298 {is_inferred="true"} ! roof plate of neural tube property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Roof plate that is part of the diencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000771", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003302 name: roof plate of metencephalon namespace: uberon def: "A roof plate that is part of a metencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epencephalon-2 roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epencephalon-2 roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metencephalon roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metencephalon roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roof plate metencephalon" EXACT [VHOG:0000770] synonym: "roof plate of epencephalon-2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roofplate medulla metencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0000770] synonym: "roofplate of epencephalon-2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roofplate of metencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001160 xref: EHDAA:5524 xref: EMAPA:17098 xref: EMAPA:17105 xref: VHOG:0000770 is_a: UBERON:0003298 {is_inferred="true"} ! roof plate of neural tube property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Roof plate that is part of the metencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000770", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003303 name: roof plate of medulla oblongata namespace: uberon def: "A roof plate that is part of a medulla oblongata [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulb roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulb roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblongata roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblongata roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblonmgata roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblonmgata roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metepencephalon roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metepencephalon roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roof plate medulla oblongata" EXACT [VHOG:0000776] synonym: "roof plate of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roof plate of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roof plate of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roofplate medulla oblongata" RELATED [VHOG:0000776] synonym: "roofplate of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roofplate of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roofplate of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roofplate of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001099 xref: EHDAA:7614 xref: VHOG:0000776 is_a: UBERON:0003298 {is_inferred="true"} ! roof plate of neural tube property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Roof plate that is part of the medulla oblongata. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000776", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003306 name: floor plate of neural tube namespace: uberon def: "A floor plate that is part of a neural tube [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Note that although 'floor plate' is classically defined as being located on the neural tube, in many AOs the floor plate continues post-embryonically after the neural tube has ceased to exist. We introduce this class for the neural tube specific structure subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "floor plate neural tube" EXACT [ZFA:0001434] synonym: "floorplate neural tube" RELATED [VHOG:0000300] synonym: "floorplate of neural tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neural tube floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neural tube floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EFO:0003688 xref: EHDAA2:0001256 xref: EHDAA:2871 xref: EHDAA:910 xref: EMAPA:16165 xref: EMAPA:16531 xref: TAO:0001434 xref: VHOG:0000300 xref: ZFA:0001434 is_a: UBERON:0000073 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of nervous system property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In summary, the available data for tunicates, amphioxus, and vertebrates indicate that a floorplate-like structure was already present in the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates and that the genetic mechanisms for DV patterning of the nerve cord were also largely in place.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000300", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/S0959-4388(99)00003-3 Holland LZ and Holland ND, Chordate origins of the vertebrate central nervous system. Current Opinion in Neurobiology (1999)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003307 name: floor plate of midbrain namespace: uberon def: "A floor plate that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "floor plate mesencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0000780] synonym: "floor plate midbrain" EXACT [VHOG:0000780] synonym: "floor plate midbrain region" EXACT [ZFA:0001677] synonym: "floorplate midbrain" RELATED [VHOG:0000780] synonym: "floorplate of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EFO:0003567 xref: EHDAA2:0001164 xref: EHDAA:3698 xref: EMAPA:16975 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001106 xref: TAO:0002196 xref: VHOG:0000780 xref: ZFA:0001677 is_a: UBERON:0002950 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of midbrain property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Floor plate that is part of the midbrain.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002196", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship type change: subclass multi-tissue structure (CARO:0000055) CHANGED TO: develops_from multi-tissue structure (UBERON:0000481)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002196", ontology="TAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship type change: subclass multi-tissue structure (CARO:0000055) CHANGED TO: part_of multi-tissue structure (UBERON:0000481)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002196", ontology="TAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In summary, the available data for tunicates, amphioxus, and vertebrates indicate that a floorplate-like structure was already present in the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates and that the genetic mechanisms for DV patterning of the nerve cord were also largely in place.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000780", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/S0959-4388(99)00003-3 Holland LZ and Holland ND, Chordate origins of the vertebrate central nervous system. Current Opinion in Neurobiology (1999)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003308 name: floor plate of telencephalon namespace: uberon def: "A floor plate that is part of a telencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "floor plate telencephalic region" EXACT [ZFA:0000914] synonym: "floor plate telencephalon" EXACT [VHOG:0000783] synonym: "floorplate of telencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floorplate telencephalon" EXACT [ZFA:0000914] synonym: "telencephalon floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "telencephalon floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001983 xref: EHDAA:3498 xref: EMAPA:16655 xref: TAO:0000914 xref: VHOG:0000783 xref: ZFA:0000914 is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In summary, the available data for tunicates, amphioxus, and vertebrates indicate that a floorplate-like structure was already present in the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates and that the genetic mechanisms for DV patterning of the nerve cord were also largely in place.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000783", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/S0959-4388(99)00003-3 Holland LZ and Holland ND, Chordate origins of the vertebrate central nervous system. Current Opinion in Neurobiology (1999)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003309 name: floor plate of diencephalon namespace: uberon def: "A floor plate that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "between brain floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "between brain floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diencephalon floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diencephalon floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floor plate diencephalic region" EXACT [ZFA:0000871] synonym: "floor plate diencephalon" EXACT [VHOG:0000782] synonym: "floor plate of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floor plate of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floor plate of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floorplate diencephalon" EXACT [ZFA:0000871] synonym: "floorplate of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floorplate of diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floorplate of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floorplate of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000388 xref: EHDAA:1975 xref: EHDAA:2651 xref: EHDAA:3480 xref: EMAPA:16645 xref: EMAPA:16903 xref: TAO:0000871 xref: VHOG:0000782 xref: ZFA:0000871 is_a: UBERON:0002784 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of diencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In summary, the available data for tunicates, amphioxus, and vertebrates indicate that a floorplate-like structure was already present in the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates and that the genetic mechanisms for DV patterning of the nerve cord were also largely in place.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000782", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/S0959-4388(99)00003-3 Holland LZ and Holland ND, Chordate origins of the vertebrate central nervous system. Current Opinion in Neurobiology (1999)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003310 name: floor plate of metencephalon namespace: uberon def: "A floor plate that is part of a metencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epencephalon-2 floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epencephalon-2 floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floor plate metencephalon" EXACT [VHOG:0000784] synonym: "floor plate of epencephalon-2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floorplate metencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0000784] synonym: "floorplate of epencephalon-2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floorplate of metencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metencephalon floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metencephalon floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001158 xref: EHDAA:5500 xref: EMAPA:17093 xref: EMAPA:17100 xref: EMAPA:17258 xref: VHOG:0000784 is_a: UBERON:0002680 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of metencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In summary, the available data for tunicates, amphioxus, and vertebrates indicate that a floorplate-like structure was already present in the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates and that the genetic mechanisms for DV patterning of the nerve cord were also largely in place.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000784", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/S0959-4388(99)00003-3 Holland LZ and Holland ND, Chordate origins of the vertebrate central nervous system. Current Opinion in Neurobiology (1999)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003311 name: floor plate of medulla oblongata namespace: uberon def: "A floor plate that is part of a medulla oblongata [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulb floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulb floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floor plate medulla oblongata" EXACT [VHOG:0000786] synonym: "floor plate of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floor plate of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floor plate of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floorplate medulla oblongata" RELATED [VHOG:0000786] synonym: "floorplate of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floorplate of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floorplate of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floorplate of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblongata floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblongata floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblonmgata floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblonmgata floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metepencephalon floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metepencephalon floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001097 xref: EHDAA:7590 xref: EMAPA:17551 xref: VHOG:0000786 is_a: UBERON:0002678 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of medulla oblongata property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In summary, the available data for tunicates, amphioxus, and vertebrates indicate that a floorplate-like structure was already present in the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates and that the genetic mechanisms for DV patterning of the nerve cord were also largely in place.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000786", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/S0959-4388(99)00003-3 Holland LZ and Holland ND, Chordate origins of the vertebrate central nervous system. Current Opinion in Neurobiology (1999)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003338 name: ganglion of peripheral nervous system namespace: uberon def: "A ganglion that is part of a peripheral nervous system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: We follow MA in including separate classes for ganglion and peripheral nervous system, even though for vertebrates gangia are always in the PNS synonym: "peripheral nervous system ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0001123 xref: EMAPA:18371 xref: MA:0001161 intersection_of: UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0003339 name: ganglion of central nervous system namespace: uberon def: "A ganglion that is part of a central nervous system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: this has no subclasses in FMA. In EHDAA2 it has only the cranial ganglia synonym: "central nervous system ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ganglion of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000227 xref: EMAPA:16658 xref: FMA:83843 intersection_of: UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0003363 name: epithelium of ductus reuniens namespace: uberon def: "An epithelium that is part of a ductus reuniens [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ductus reuniens epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ductus reuniens epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of ductus reuniens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17289 is_a: UBERON:0006932 {is_inferred="true"} ! vestibular epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0003429 name: abdomen nerve namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of an abdomen [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000521 is_a: UBERON:0003825 {is_inferred="true"} ! nerve of abdominal segment [Term] id: UBERON:0003430 name: neck nerve namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a neck [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck (volume) nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of neck (volume)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000588 [Term] id: UBERON:0003431 name: leg nerve namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a leg [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000673 is_a: UBERON:0003442 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003432 name: chest nerve namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a chest [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anterior thoracic region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anterolateral part of thorax nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "front of thorax nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of anterior thoracic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of anterolateral part of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of front of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000551 is_a: UBERON:0003824 {is_inferred="true"} ! nerve of thoracic segment [Term] id: UBERON:0003433 name: arm nerve namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of an arm [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000595 is_a: UBERON:0003441 {is_inferred="true"} ! forelimb nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003434 name: wrist nerve namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a wrist [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "carpal region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of carpal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of wrist" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000637 is_a: UBERON:0003448 {is_inferred="true"} ! manus nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003435 name: pedal digit nerve namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a toe [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of foot nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free lower limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digitus pedis nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit nerve" EXACT [MA:0000649] synonym: "foot digit nerve" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit nerve" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "nerve of digit of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of digitus pedis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of foot digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of terminal segment of free lower limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb digit nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "toe nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000649 xref: SCTID:300056004 is_a: UBERON:0003445 {is_inferred="true"} ! pes nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003436 name: shoulder nerve namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a shoulder [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of shoulder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000634 [Term] id: UBERON:0003437 name: eyelid nerve namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a eyelid [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blepharon nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of blepharon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001255 is_a: UBERON:0001647 {is_inferred="true"} ! facial nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003438 name: iris nerve namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a iris [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of iris" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001291 is_a: UBERON:0001647 {is_inferred="true"} ! facial nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003439 name: nerve of trunk region namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: todo - check EMAPA synonym: "nerve of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "torso nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trunk nerve" EXACT [MA:0000515] xref: EMAPA:16986 xref: MA:0000515 [Term] id: UBERON:0003440 name: limb nerve namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000693 xref: SCTID:359923002 [Term] id: UBERON:0003441 name: forelimb nerve namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anteriormost limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of anteriormost limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of fore limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of forelimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of superior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of upper extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "superior member nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper extremity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "wing nerve" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000616 is_a: UBERON:0003440 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003442 name: hindlimb nerve namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000664 is_a: UBERON:0003440 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003443 name: thoracic cavity nerve namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a thoracic cavity [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cavity of chest nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cavity of thorax nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chest cavity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of cavity of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of cavity of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of chest cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of pectoral cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of thoracic cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pectoral cavity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000556 [Term] id: UBERON:0003444 name: pelvis nerve namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a pelvis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000542 is_a: UBERON:0003825 {is_inferred="true"} ! nerve of abdominal segment [Term] id: UBERON:0003445 name: pes nerve namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a foot [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of hind limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of hindlimb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of inferior member nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of lower extremity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of hind limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of hindlimb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of inferior member nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of lower extremity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot nerve" EXACT [MA:0000653] synonym: "hind limb autopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb distal free limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb autopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb distal free limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member autopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member distal free limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity autopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity distal free limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of autopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of autopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of autopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of autopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of distal free limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of distal free limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of distal free limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of distal free limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of hind limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of hind limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of hindlimb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of hindlimb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of inferior member autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of inferior member distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of lower extremity autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of lower extremity distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000653 is_a: UBERON:0003442 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003446 name: ankle nerve namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of an ankle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: AO notes: FMA placement dubious synonym: "nerve of ankle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neural network of ankle" RELATED [FMA:86901] synonym: "tarsal region nerve" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: FMA:86901 xref: MA:0000640 is_a: UBERON:0003445 {is_inferred="true"} ! pes nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003447 name: digit nerve of manus namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of hand nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digitus manus nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit nerve" EXACT [MA:0000625] synonym: "nerve of digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of digit of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of digitus manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of hand digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of terminal segment of free upper limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb digit nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000625 xref: SCTID:181015006 is_a: UBERON:0003448 {is_inferred="true"} ! manus nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003448 name: manus nerve namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a manus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm autopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm distal free limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of arm nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of brachial region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of proximal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region autopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region distal free limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of arm nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of brachial region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand nerve" EXACT [MA:0000629] synonym: "nerve of arm autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of arm distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of autopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of autopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of autopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of brachial region autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of brachial region distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of distal free limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of distal free limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of distal free limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of proximal segment of free upper limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of proximal segment of free upper limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb autopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb distal free limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000629 is_a: UBERON:0003441 {is_inferred="true"} ! forelimb nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003499 name: brain blood vessel namespace: uberon def: "A blood vessel that is part of a brain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002769 [Term] id: UBERON:0003528 name: brain grey matter namespace: uberon def: "A gray matter of neuraxis that is part of a brain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain gray matter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain gray matter of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain grey substance" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gray matter of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gray matter of neuraxis of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "grey matter of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "grey substance of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000810 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Gray_Matter xref: UMLS:C1707348 intersection_of: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0003535 name: vagus X nerve trunk namespace: uberon def: "A nerve trunk that is part of a vagus nerve." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trunk of vagus nerve" EXACT [FMA:6221] synonym: "vagus neural trunk" EXACT [FMA:6221] xref: FMA:6221 xref: MA:0001150 xref: SCTID:280308004 intersection_of: UBERON:0002464 ! nerve trunk intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003544 name: brain white matter namespace: uberon def: "the regions of the brain that are largely or entirely composed of myelinated nerve cell axons and contain few or no neural cell bodies or dendrites." [MP:0008026] synonym: "brain white matter of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain white substance" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "white matter of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "white matter of neuraxis of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "white substance of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000820 xref: ncithesaurus:Brain_White_Matter xref: UMLS:C1706995 intersection_of: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0003547 name: brain meninx namespace: uberon def: "A meninx that is part of a brain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: organ_slim synonym: "brain meninges" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meninges of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meninx of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EV:0100312 xref: MA:0000813 xref: SCTID:180949007 xref: VHOG:0000013 intersection_of: UBERON:0002360 ! meninx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Meninges that are part of the brain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000013", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000013", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003548 name: forebrain meninges namespace: uberon def: "A meninx that is part of a forebrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "forebrain meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meninges of forebrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meninx of forebrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17764 xref: EMAPA:17774 xref: MA:0000883 is_a: UBERON:0003547 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain meninx intersection_of: UBERON:0002360 ! meninx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain [Term] id: UBERON:0003549 name: brain pia mater namespace: uberon def: "the fibrous membrane forming the innermost of the three coverings that surrounds the brain within the cranial cavity that is firmly attached to the glial capsule." [MP:0009026] synonym: "brain pia mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of neuraxis of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EV:0100315 xref: MA:0000816 xref: ncithesaurus:Brain_Pia_Mater xref: UMLS:C1706994 xref: VHOG:0000470 is_a: UBERON:0003547 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain meninx intersection_of: UBERON:0002361 ! pia mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The innermost of the three mammalian meninges covering the brain and spinal cord. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000470", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pia+mater"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000470", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003550 name: forebrain pia mater namespace: uberon def: "A pia mater that is part of a forebrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "forebrain pia mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of forebrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of neuraxis of forebrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17767 xref: EMAPA:17777 xref: MA:0000886 is_a: UBERON:0003548 {is_inferred="true"} ! forebrain meninges is_a: UBERON:0003549 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain pia mater intersection_of: UBERON:0002361 ! pia mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain [Term] id: UBERON:0003551 name: midbrain pia mater namespace: uberon def: "A pia mater that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesencephalon pia mater" RELATED [VHOG:0000467] synonym: "midbrain pia mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of neuraxis of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001175 xref: EMAPA:17794 xref: MA:0001061 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001110 xref: VHOG:0000467 is_a: UBERON:0003288 {is_inferred="true"} ! meninx of midbrain is_a: UBERON:0003549 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain pia mater intersection_of: UBERON:0002361 ! pia mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Pia mater that is part of the midbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000467", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000467", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003552 name: telencephalon pia mater namespace: uberon def: "A pia mater that is part of a telencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of neuraxis of telencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of telencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "telencephalon pia mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001992 xref: EMAPA:17777 xref: MA:0000982 xref: VHOG:0000476 is_a: UBERON:0003289 {is_inferred="true"} ! meninx of telencephalon is_a: UBERON:0003550 {is_inferred="true"} ! forebrain pia mater intersection_of: UBERON:0002361 ! pia mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Pia mater that is part of the telencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000476", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000476", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003553 name: diencephalon pia mater namespace: uberon def: "A pia mater that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "between brain pia mater" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "between brain pia mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diencephalon pia mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain pia mater" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain pia mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon pia mater" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon pia mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of neuraxis of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of neuraxis of diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of neuraxis of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of neuraxis of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000400 xref: EMAPA:17767 xref: MA:0000829 xref: VHOG:0000475 is_a: UBERON:0003290 {is_inferred="true"} ! meninx of diencephalon is_a: UBERON:0003550 {is_inferred="true"} ! forebrain pia mater intersection_of: UBERON:0002361 ! pia mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Pia mater that is part of the diencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000475", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000475", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003554 name: hindbrain pia mater namespace: uberon def: "A pia mater that is part of a hindbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindbrain pia mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of hindbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of neuraxis of hindbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rhombencephalon pia mater" RELATED [VHOG:0000466] xref: EHDAA2:0000772 xref: EMAPA:17786 xref: MA:0000990 xref: VHOG:0000466 is_a: UBERON:0003291 {is_inferred="true"} ! meninx of hindbrain is_a: UBERON:0003549 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain pia mater intersection_of: UBERON:0002361 ! pia mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Pia mater that is part of the hindbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000466", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000466", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003555 name: spinal cord pia mater namespace: uberon def: "A pia mater that is part of a spinal cord [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: organ_slim synonym: "pia mater of neuraxis of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinal cord pia mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001896 xref: EMAPA:17807 xref: MA:0001133 xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Cord_Pia_Mater xref: UMLS:C1710148 xref: VHOG:0000468 is_a: UBERON:0003292 {is_inferred="true"} ! meninx of spinal cord intersection_of: UBERON:0002361 ! pia mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The innermost of the three mammalian meninges covering the brain and spinal cord. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000468", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pia+mater"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000468", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003556 name: forebrain arachnoid mater namespace: uberon def: "An arachnoid mater that is part of a forebrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of forebrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of neuraxis of forebrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid of forebrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "forebrain arachnoid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "forebrain arachnoid mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17765 xref: EMAPA:17775 xref: MA:0000884 is_a: UBERON:0003548 {is_inferred="true"} ! forebrain meninges intersection_of: UBERON:0002362 ! arachnoid mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain [Term] id: UBERON:0003557 name: midbrain arachnoid mater namespace: uberon def: "An arachnoid mater that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of neuraxis of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesencephalon arachnoid mater" RELATED [VHOG:0000233] synonym: "midbrain arachnoid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain arachnoid mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17792 xref: MA:0001059 xref: VHOG:0000233 is_a: UBERON:0003288 {is_inferred="true"} ! meninx of midbrain intersection_of: UBERON:0002362 ! arachnoid mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Arachnoid mater that is part of the midbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000233", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000233", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003558 name: diencephalon arachnoid mater namespace: uberon def: "An arachnoid mater that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of neuraxis of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of neuraxis of diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of neuraxis of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of neuraxis of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid of diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "between brain arachnoid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "between brain arachnoid mater" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "between brain arachnoid mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diencephalon arachnoid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diencephalon arachnoid mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain arachnoid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain arachnoid mater" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain arachnoid mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon arachnoid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon arachnoid mater" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon arachnoid mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17765 xref: MA:0000827 xref: VHOG:0000231 is_a: UBERON:0003290 {is_inferred="true"} ! meninx of diencephalon is_a: UBERON:0003556 {is_inferred="true"} ! forebrain arachnoid mater intersection_of: UBERON:0002362 ! arachnoid mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Arachnoid mater that is part of the diencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000231", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000231", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003559 name: hindbrain arachnoid mater namespace: uberon def: "An arachnoid mater that is part of a hindbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of hindbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of neuraxis of hindbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid of hindbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindbrain arachnoid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindbrain arachnoid mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rhombencephalon arachnoid mater" RELATED [VHOG:0000236] xref: EMAPA:17784 xref: MA:0000988 xref: VHOG:0000236 is_a: UBERON:0003291 {is_inferred="true"} ! meninx of hindbrain intersection_of: UBERON:0002362 ! arachnoid mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Arachnoid mater that is part of the hindbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000236", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000236", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003560 name: spinal cord arachnoid mater namespace: uberon def: "An arachnoid mater that is part of a spinal cord [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: organ_slim synonym: "arachnoid mater of neuraxis of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinal cord arachnoid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinal cord arachnoid mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17805 xref: MA:0001131 xref: VHOG:0000234 is_a: UBERON:0003292 {is_inferred="true"} ! meninx of spinal cord intersection_of: UBERON:0002362 ! arachnoid mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The middle membrane of the three mammalian meninges covering the brain and spinal cord. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000234", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/arachnoid+mater"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000234", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003561 name: forebrain dura mater namespace: uberon def: "A dura mater that is part of a forebrain." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of forebrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of forebrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "forebrain dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17766 xref: MA:0000885 is_a: UBERON:0002092 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain dura mater is_a: UBERON:0003548 {is_inferred="true"} ! forebrain meninges intersection_of: UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain [Term] id: UBERON:0003562 name: midbrain dura mater namespace: uberon def: "A dura mater that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesencephalon dura mater" RELATED [VHOG:0000410] synonym: "midbrain dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17793 xref: MA:0001060 xref: VHOG:0000410 is_a: UBERON:0002092 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain dura mater is_a: UBERON:0003288 {is_inferred="true"} ! meninx of midbrain intersection_of: UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Dura mater that is part of the midbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000410", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000410", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003563 name: telencephalon dura mater namespace: uberon def: "A dura mater that is part of a telencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of telencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of telencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "telencephalon dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000981 is_a: UBERON:0003289 {is_inferred="true"} ! meninx of telencephalon is_a: UBERON:0003561 {is_inferred="true"} ! forebrain dura mater intersection_of: UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0003564 name: diencephalon dura mater namespace: uberon def: "A dura mater that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "between brain dura mater" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "between brain dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diencephalon dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain dura mater" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon dura mater" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17766 xref: MA:0000828 xref: VHOG:0000258 is_a: UBERON:0003290 {is_inferred="true"} ! meninx of diencephalon is_a: UBERON:0003561 {is_inferred="true"} ! forebrain dura mater intersection_of: UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Dura mater that is part of the diencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000258", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000258", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003565 name: hindbrain dura mater namespace: uberon def: "A dura mater that is part of a hindbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of hindbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of hindbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindbrain dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rhombencephalon dura mater" RELATED [VHOG:0000409] xref: EMAPA:17785 xref: MA:0000989 xref: VHOG:0000409 is_a: UBERON:0002092 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain dura mater is_a: UBERON:0003291 {is_inferred="true"} ! meninx of hindbrain intersection_of: UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Dura mater that is part of the hindbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000409", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000409", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003712 name: cavernous sinus namespace: uberon def: "The cavernous sinus (or lateral sellar compartment), within the human head, is a large collection of thin-walled veins creating a cavity bordered by the temporal bone of the skull and the sphenoid bone, lateral to the sella turcica." [Wikipedia:Cavernous_sinus] synonym: "cavernous" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cavernous_sinus] synonym: "cavernous sinus syndrome" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cavernous_sinus] synonym: "cavernous sinuses" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cavernous_sinus] synonym: "cavernus sinus vein" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cavernous_sinus] synonym: "parasellar syndrome" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cavernous_sinus] synonym: "sinus cavernosus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cavernous_sinus] xref: EMAPA:19059 xref: FMA:50772 xref: GAID:532 xref: MESH:A07.231.908.224.334 xref: ncithesaurus:Cavernous_Sinus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwKAVGJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244402005 xref: UMLS:C0007473 is_a: UBERON:0005486 ! venous dural sinus property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "An irregularly shaped venous space in the dura mater at either side of the sphenoid bone[MESH:A07.231.908.224.334]." xsd:string {source="MESH:A07.231.908.224.334"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003714 name: neural tissue namespace: uberon def: "Portion of tissue which consists of neurons, neuroglia and vasculature. Examples: Neural tissue of brain, neural tissue of peripheral ganglion, neural tissue of nerve[FMA]." [FMA:9642] comment: FMA definition includes vasculature synonym: "nerve tissue" EXACT [FMA:9642] synonym: "nervous tissue" EXACT [FMA:9642] synonym: "portion of neural tissue" EXACT [FMA:9642] xref: AAO:0000325 xref: AEO:0000123 xref: EHDAA2:0003123 xref: FMA:9642 xref: GAID:609 xref: MESH:A08.561 xref: ncithesaurus:Nervous_Tissue xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rVmfYCsQ_QdeM_bFAeS8NRQ xref: SCTID:91728009 xref: UMLS:C0027757 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "One of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications. Cells forming the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nervous system.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000325", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003715 name: splanchnic nerve namespace: uberon def: "the major nerves supplying sympathetic innervation to the abdomen, including the greater, lesser, and lowest (or smallest) splanchnic nerves that are formed by preganglionic fibers from the spinal cord which pass through the paravertebral ganglia and then to the celiac ganglia and plexuses and the lumbar splanchnic nerves carry fibers which pass through the lumbar paravertebral ganglia to the mesenteric and hypogastric ganglia." [MP:0008318] xref: FMA:5883 xref: GAID:800 xref: MESH:A08.800.050.050.800 xref: SCTID:264198001 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0003716 name: recurrent laryngeal nerve namespace: uberon def: "A branch of the vagus nerve that supplies motor function and sensation to the larynx (voice box). It travels within the endoneurium. It is the nerve of the 6th Branchial Arch." [Wikipedia:Recurrent_laryngeal_nerve] synonym: "inferior laryngeal nerve" RELATED [GAID:804] synonym: "nervus laryngeus recurrens" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Recurrent_laryngeal_nerve] synonym: "recurrent laryngeal nerve from vagus nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "recurrent nerve" BROAD [Wikipedia:Recurrent_laryngeal_nerve] synonym: "vagus X nerve recurrent laryngeal branch" EXACT [VHOG:0001347] xref: FMA:6246 xref: GAID:804 xref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File\:Gray793.png xref: MESH:A08.800.050.050.925.450.700 xref: SCTID:24227007 xref: VHOG:0001347 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003718 name: muscle spindle namespace: uberon def: "the sensory organs in muscle that are involved in the stretch reflex." [MP:0004069] synonym: "muscle stretch receptor" RELATED [GAID:819] synonym: "neuromuscular spindle" EXACT [FMA:83607] synonym: "neuromuscular spindle" RELATED [GAID:819] xref: FMA:83607 xref: GAID:819 xref: MESH:A08.800.550.700.500.500 xref: ncithesaurus:Muscle_Spindle xref: SCTID:12945004 xref: UMLS:C0027871 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0003719 name: Pacinian corpuscle namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0003717 def: "any of the rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors found in subcutaneous tissue beneath both hairy and glabrous skin, and which normally contain an afferent nerve fiber surrounded by a capsule with multiple concentric layers." [MP:0000988, Wikipedia:Lamellar_corpuscle] comment: AO notes: FMA treats pacinia and G-M as distinct synonym: "corpuscle of golgi-mazzoni" EXACT [FMA:83609] synonym: "corpusculum lamellosum" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Lamellar_corpuscle] synonym: "golgi mazzoni corpuscle" RELATED [GAID:817] synonym: "golgi-mazzoni" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle] synonym: "golgi-mazzoni corpuscle" EXACT [FMA:83609] synonym: "golgi-mazzoni corpuscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle] synonym: "lamellar corpuscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Lamellar_corpuscle] synonym: "lamellated corpuscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle] synonym: "pacinian body" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle] synonym: "Pacinian corpuscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Lamellar_corpuscle] synonym: "pacinian corpuscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle] synonym: "pacinian corpuscle end-organs" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle] synonym: "pacinian corpuscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle] synonym: "vater-pacini corpuscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle] synonym: "vater-pacini corpuscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle] xref: FMA:83604 xref: FMA:83609 xref: GAID:817 xref: GAID:820 xref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File\:Gray935.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray935.png/200px-Gray935.png xref: MESH:A08.800.550.700.500.300 xref: MESH:A08.800.550.700.500.700 xref: NIF_Subcellular:FMA_83604 xref: SCTID:37419002 is_a: UBERON:0012449 {source="Wikipedia"} ! mechanoreceptor [Term] id: UBERON:0003721 name: lingual nerve namespace: uberon xref: FMA:53218 xref: GAID:835 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.760.500.450 xref: SCTID:280260006 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0000375 ! mandibular nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003723 name: vestibular nerve namespace: uberon def: "The vestibular nerve is one of the two branches of the Vestibulocochlear nerve (the cochlear nerve being the other). It goes to the semicircular canals via the vestibular ganglion. It receives positional information. Axons of the vestibular nerve synapse in the vestibular nucleus on the lateral floor and wall of the fourth ventricle in the pons and medulla. It arises from bipolar cells in the vestibular ganglion, ganglion of Scarpa, which is situated in the upper part of the outer end of the internal auditory meatus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vestibular_nerve] synonym: "nervus vestibularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vestibular_nerve] synonym: "scarpa ganglion" RELATED [GAID:840] synonym: "scarpa's ganglion" RELATED [GAID:840] synonym: "scarpas ganglion" RELATED [GAID:840] synonym: "vestibular root of acoustic nerve" EXACT [FMA:53401] synonym: "vestibular root of eighth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:53401] synonym: "vestibulocochlear VIII nerve vestibular component" EXACT [MA:0001111] xref: EHDAA2:0002200 xref: EHDAA:3749 xref: EMAPA:17803 xref: FMA:53401 xref: GAID:840 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Vestibular_system%27s_semicircular_canal-_a_cross-section.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Vestibular_system%27s_semicircular_canal-_a_cross-section.jpg/200px-Vestibular_system%27s_semicircular_canal-_a_cross-section.jpg xref: MA:0001111 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.910.900 xref: ncithesaurus:Vestibular_Nerve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvxAWX5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362464003 xref: UMLS:C0042598 xref: VHOG:0001181 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001648 ! vestibulocochlear nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003724 name: musculocutaneous nerve namespace: uberon def: "The musculocutaneous nerve arises from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus, opposite the lower border of the Pectoralis minor, its fibers being derived from C5, C6, C7. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Musculocutaneous_nerve] synonym: "casserio's nerve" EXACT [FMA:37064] synonym: "nervus musculocutaneus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Musculocutaneous_nerve] xref: FMA:37064 xref: GAID:844 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Nerves_of_the_left_upper_extremity.gif xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Nerves_of_the_left_upper_extremity.gif/200px-Nerves_of_the_left_upper_extremity.gif xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.050.540 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvzp0l5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181019000 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003725 name: cervical plexus namespace: uberon def: "The cervical plexus is a plexus of the ventral rami of the first four cervical spinal nerves which are located from C1 to C5 cervical segment in the neck. They are located laterally to the transverse processes between prevertebral muscles from the medial side and vertebral from lateral side. Here there is anastomosis with accessory nerve, hypoglossal nerve and sympathetic trunk. It is located in the neck, deep to sternocleidomastoid. Nerves formed from the cervical plexus innervate the back of the head, as well as some neck muscles. The branches of the cervical plexus emerge from the posterior triangle at the nerve point, a point which lies midway on the posterior border of the Sternocleidomastoid[WP]." [Wikipedia:Cervical_plexus] synonym: "cervical nerve plexus" EXACT [FMA:5904] synonym: "cervical plexus" EXACT [FMA:5904] synonym: "plexus cervicalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5904, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus cervicalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cervical_plexus] xref: FMA:5904 xref: GAID:847 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Gray784.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Gray784.png/200px-Gray784.png xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.150 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvkEE3JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181107005 is_a: UBERON:0001813 ! somatic nerve plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0003726 name: thoracic nerve namespace: uberon def: "The twelve spinal nerves on each side of the thorax. They include eleven INTERCOSTAL NERVES and one subcostal nerve. Both sensory and motor, they supply the muscles and skin of the thoracic and abdominal walls." [MESH:A08.800.800.720.800] synonym: "pectoral nerve" RELATED [GAID:857] synonym: "thoracic spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5860] xref: FMA:5860 xref: GAID:857 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.800 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwSJp_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:360498003 is_a: UBERON:0001780 ! spinal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003727 name: intercostal nerve namespace: uberon def: "The intercostal nerves are the anterior divisions (rami anteriores; ventral divisions) of the thoracic spinal nerves from T1 to T11. Each nerve is connected with the adjoining ganglion of the sympathetic trunk by a gray and a white ramus communicans. The intercostal nerves are distributed chiefly to the thoracic pleura and abdominal peritoneum and differ from the anterior divisions of the other spinal nerves in that each pursues an independent course without plexus formation. The first two nerves supply fibers to the upper limb in addition to their thoracic branches; the next four are limited in their distribution to the parietes of the thorax; the lower five supply the parietes of the thorax and abdomen. The 7th intercostal nerve terminates at the xyphoid process, at the lower end of the sternum. The 10th intercostal nerve terminates at the umbilicus. The twelfth thoracic is distributed to the abdominal wall and groin. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Intercostal_nerves] synonym: "anterior ramus of thoracic nerve" EXACT [FMA:6028] synonym: "anterior ramus of thoracic spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:6028] synonym: "nervi intercostales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Intercostal_nerves] synonym: "ramus anterior, nervus thoracicus" EXACT [FMA:6028] synonym: "thoracic anterior ramus" EXACT [FMA:6028] synonym: "ventral ramus of thoracic spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:6028] xref: EMAPA:18227 xref: FMA:6028 xref: GAID:858 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Gray819.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Gray819.png/200px-Gray819.png xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.800.350 xref: ncithesaurus:Intercostal_Nerve xref: SCTID:279568001 xref: UMLS:C1285089 is_a: UBERON:0001780 ! spinal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003824 name: nerve of thoracic segment namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thoracic segment nerve" EXACT [MA:0000562] synonym: "thorax nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper body nerve" RELATED [MA:0000562] xref: MA:0000562 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.800 xref: SCTID:359876006 is_a: UBERON:0003439 {is_inferred="true"} ! nerve of trunk region [Term] id: UBERON:0003825 name: nerve of abdominal segment namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "abdominal segment nerve" EXACT [MA:0000528] xref: MA:0000528 is_a: UBERON:0003439 {is_inferred="true"} ! nerve of trunk region [Term] id: UBERON:0003876 name: subdivision of hippocampus namespace: uberon comment: do not include ABA:HIP subset: non_informative synonym: "hippocampus region" RELATED [MA:0002428] synonym: "hippocampus subdivision" EXACT [FMA:74041] synonym: "subdivision of hippocampus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:74041 xref: MA:0002428 xref: SCTID:361561007 is_a: UBERON:0002619 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001954 ! Ammon's horn [Term] id: UBERON:0003881 name: CA1 field of hippocampus namespace: uberon synonym: "CA1" EXACT [] synonym: "CA1 field" EXACT [] synonym: "CA1 field of Ammon's horn" EXACT [] synonym: "CA1 field of cornu ammonis" EXACT [] synonym: "CA1 field of hippocampus" EXACT [] synonym: "cornu ammonis 1" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1197] synonym: "hippocampus CA1" EXACT [] synonym: "prosubiculum = distal ca1" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1197] synonym: "regio i cornus ammonis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74042, FMA:TA] synonym: "regio i hippocampi proprii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74042, FMA:TA] synonym: "regio superior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1197] synonym: "regio superior of the hippocampus" EXACT [FMA:74042] synonym: "region 1 of Ammon's horn" EXACT [] synonym: "region i of ammon's horn" EXACT [FMA:74042] synonym: "region i of hippocampus proper" EXACT [FMA:74042] xref: ABA:CA1 xref: EFO:0002454 xref: FMA:74042 xref: MA:0000950 xref: ncithesaurus:CA1_Field_of_the_Cornu_Ammonis xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1197 xref: UMLS:C0694598 is_a: UBERON:0003876 ! subdivision of hippocampus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003882 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003883 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003882 name: CA2 field of hippocampus namespace: uberon synonym: "CA2" EXACT [] synonym: "CA2 field" EXACT [] synonym: "CA2 field of Ammon's horn" EXACT [] synonym: "CA2 field of cornu ammonis" EXACT [] synonym: "CA2 field of hippocampus" EXACT [] synonym: "hippocampus CA2" EXACT [] synonym: "regio ii cornus ammonis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74044, FMA:TA] synonym: "regio ii hippocampi proprii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74044, FMA:TA] synonym: "region 2 of Ammon's horn" EXACT [] synonym: "region ii of ammon's horn" EXACT [FMA:74044] synonym: "region ii of hippocampus proper" EXACT [FMA:74044] xref: ABA:CA2 xref: EFO:0002455 xref: FMA:74044 xref: MA:0000951 xref: ncithesaurus:CA2_Field_of_the_Cornu_Ammonis xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1362 xref: UMLS:C0694599 is_a: UBERON:0003876 ! subdivision of hippocampus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003881 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003883 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003883 name: CA3 field of hippocampus namespace: uberon def: "Region III of hippocampus proper is a portion of the hippocampal formation. Region CA3 receives input along the mossy fibers from granule cells in the dentate gyrus (DG) and from projection cells in entorhinal cortex along the perforant path. The mossy fiber pathway terminates in stratum lucidum while the perforant path passes through stratum lacunosum and terminates in stratum moleculare. The inputs from the medial septum and diagonal band of Broca terminate in stratum radiatum, along with commisural connections from the contralateral hippocampus. The pyramidal cells in CA3 (of which there are approximately 200,000 in each hemisphere in the rat) send some axons back to the hilus, but the majority project to regions CA2 and CA1 (a pathway called the Schaffer collaterals), in addition to a significant number of connections that terminate within CA3 (called recurrent connections). Both the recurrent connections and the Schaffer collaterals terminate preferentially in the septal or dorsal direction from the originating cells. CA3 also sends a small set of output fibers to the lateral septum. The region is conventionally divided into 3 divisions. CA3a is the part of the cell band which is most distal from the dentate (and closest to CA1). CA3b is the middle part of the band nearest to the fimbria/fornix connection. CA3c is the most proximal to the dentate, inserting into the hilus. The region overall has been considered to be the 'pacemaker' of the hippocampus. In CA3 much of the synchronous bursing activity associated with interictal epileptiform activity appears to be generated. The excitatory collateral interconnectivity appears to be the property of CA3 most responsible for this. CA3, unlike other regions, has pyramidal cell axon collaterals ramifying extensively with local region and making excitatory contacts with neighbors. CA3 has been implicated in a number of working theories on memory and learning hippocampal processes. Oscillatory rhythms (10-30Hz) are cholinergically driven patterns that depend on coupling of interneurons and pyramidal cell axons via gap junctions as well as glutaminergic (excitatory) and GABAergic (inhibitory) synapses. Sharp EEG waves seen here are also implicated in memory consolidation." [Wikipedia:Region_III_of_hippocampus_proper] synonym: "CA3" EXACT [] synonym: "CA3 field" EXACT [] synonym: "CA3 field of Ammon's horn" EXACT [] synonym: "CA3 field of cornu ammonis" EXACT [] synonym: "CA3 field of hippocampus" EXACT [] synonym: "hippocampus CA3" EXACT [] synonym: "regio hippocampi proprii III; regio III cornus ammonis; CA3" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Region_III_of_hippocampus_proper] synonym: "regio iii cornus ammonis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74045, FMA:TA] synonym: "regio iii hippocampi proprii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74045, FMA:TA] synonym: "regio inferior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1204] synonym: "region 3 of Ammon's horn" EXACT [] synonym: "region iii of ammon's horn" EXACT [FMA:74045] synonym: "region iii of hippocampus proper" EXACT [FMA:74045] xref: ABA:CA3 xref: EFO:0002456 xref: FMA:74045 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/HippocampalRegions.jpg xref: MA:0000952 xref: ncithesaurus:CA3_Field_of_the_Cornu_Ammonis xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1204 xref: UMLS:C0694600 is_a: UBERON:0003876 ! subdivision of hippocampus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003881 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003882 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003884 name: CA4 field of hippocampus namespace: uberon comment: consider obsoleting. consider - CA3c, hilus synonym: "CA4" EXACT [] synonym: "CA4 field" EXACT [] synonym: "CA4 field of Ammon's horn" EXACT [] synonym: "CA4 field of cornu ammonis" EXACT [] synonym: "hippocampus CA4" EXACT [] synonym: "regio iv cornus ammonis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75741, FMA:TA] synonym: "regio iv hippocampi proprii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75741, FMA:TA] synonym: "region 4 of Ammon's horn" EXACT [] synonym: "region iv of ammon's horn" EXACT [FMA:75741] synonym: "region iv of hippocampus proper" EXACT [FMA:75741] xref: EFO:0002457 xref: FMA:75741 xref: MA:0000953 xref: ncithesaurus:CA4_Field_of_the_Cornu_Ammonis xref: UMLS:C2328406 is_a: UBERON:0003876 ! subdivision of hippocampus [Term] id: UBERON:0003911 name: choroid plexus epithelium namespace: uberon def: "An epithelium that is part of a choroid plexus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "choroid plexus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of choroid plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of choroid plexus" EXACT [FMA:242811] xref: FMA:242811 xref: MA:0000824 xref: ncithesaurus:Choroid_Plexus_Epithelium xref: UMLS:C1516506 is_a: UBERON:0005357 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain ependyma [Term] id: UBERON:0003931 name: diencephalic white matter namespace: uberon def: "White matter that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "diencephalic tract/commissure" EXACT [ZFA:0000338] synonym: "diencephalic tracts and commissures" EXACT [TAO:0000338] synonym: "white matter of diencephalon" EXACT [FMA:83931] xref: FMA:83931 xref: TAO:0000338 xref: ZFA:0000338 is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter intersection_of: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0003936 name: postoptic commissure namespace: uberon synonym: "POC" EXACT [ZFA:0000059] synonym: "post optic commissure" EXACT [ZFA:0000059] synonym: "post-optic commissure" EXACT [ZFA:0000059] xref: EFO:0003478 xref: TAO:0000059 xref: ZFA:0000059 is_a: UBERON:0001020 ! commissure is_a: UBERON:0011590 {is_inferred="true"} ! commissure of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0003931 ! diencephalic white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0003938 name: sensory dissociation area namespace: uberon def: "the area of the parietal lobe that integrates tactile and visual stimuli" [MP:0000796] is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001872 ! parietal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0003939 name: transverse gyrus of Heschl namespace: uberon def: "the area of the temporal lobe concerned with hearing[MP]. The transverse temporal gyri (also called Heschl's gyri or Heschl's convolutions) are found in the area of primary auditory cortex in the superior temporal gyrus of the human brain, occupying Brodmann areas 41 and 42. It is the first cortical structure to process incoming auditory information. Anatomically, the transverse temporal gyri are distinct in that they run mediolaterally (towards the center of the brain) rather than dorsiventrally (front to back) as all other temporal lobe gyri run. The Heschl's gyri are named after Richard L. Heschl." [MP:0000803, Wikipedia:Transverse_temporal_gyrus] synonym: "gyri temporales transversi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Transverse_temporal_gyrus] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Gray730.png is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001393 ! auditory cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0003941 name: cerebellum anterior vermis namespace: uberon def: "the anterior portion of the narrow middle zone between the two hemispheres of the cerebellum that is located anterior to the primary fissure" [MP:0000867] synonym: "anterior cerebellum vermis" EXACT [MA:0002969] synonym: "anterior vermis of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72255] synonym: "part of vermal region" EXACT [FMA:72255] synonym: "vermis of anterior lobe" EXACT [FMA:72255] synonym: "vermis of anterior lobe of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72255] xref: FMA:72255 xref: MA:0002969 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1185 is_a: UBERON:0004720 ! cerebellar vermis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002131 ! anterior lobe of cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0003942 name: somatic sensory system namespace: uberon def: "the neural tissue involved in the transmission of sensory signals" [MP:0000959] comment: TODO - check is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure [Term] id: UBERON:0003943 name: fourth lumbar dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon def: "the group of nerve cell bodies located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra" [MP:0001019] subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "forth lumbar dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2626] synonym: "fourth lumbar dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "fourth lumbar spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6338] synonym: "L4 dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [MP:0001019] xref: EMAPA:25167 xref: FMA:6338 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2626 is_a: UBERON:0002836 {source="FMA"} ! lumbar dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0003945 name: somatic motor system namespace: uberon def: "the neural tissue involved in the transmission of motor signals" [MP:0001051] is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000012 ! somatic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0003947 name: brain ventricle/choroid plexus namespace: uberon def: "the brain ventricles or their associated choroid plexuses" [MP:0002200] comment: TODO - check relationship between CP and BV. If this is part of then this class should be obsoleted is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure union_of: UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus union_of: UBERON:0004086 ! brain ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0003961 name: cingulum of brain namespace: uberon def: "the white matter fiber bundle that projects from the cingulate gyrus to the entorhinal cortex in the brain" [MP:0008232] synonym: "cingulum" BROAD [] xref: SCTID:369084007 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0003962 name: pterygopalatine ganglion namespace: uberon def: "the small parasympathetic ganglion that supplies nerve fibers to the lacrimal, nasal, palatine and pharyngeal glands" [MP:0008314, Wikipedia:Pterygopalatine_ganglion] synonym: "g. pterygopalatinum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pterygopalatine_ganglion] synonym: "Meckel ganglion" EXACT [MP:0008314] synonym: "Meckel's ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6965] synonym: "nasal ganglion" EXACT [MP:0008314] synonym: "palatine ganglion" EXACT [MP:0008314] synonym: "pterygopalatine ganglia" EXACT [MP:0008314] synonym: "sphenopalatine ganglion" EXACT [MP:0008314] synonym: "sphenopalatine parasympathetic ganglion" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001889] xref: EHDAA2:0001889 xref: FMA:6965 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Gray779.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Gray779.png/200px-Gray779.png xref: SCTID:280364004 is_a: UBERON:0001808 ! parasympathetic ganglion relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010128 {evidence="definitional"} ! future pterygopalatine ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0003963 name: otic ganglion namespace: uberon def: "the ganglion that supplies nerve fibers to the parotid gland" [MP:0008315, Wikipedia:Otic_ganglion] synonym: "arnold's ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6967] synonym: "ganglion oticum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Otic_ganglion] xref: EHDAA2:0001335 xref: EHDAA:6706 xref: FMA:6967 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gray783.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gray783.png/200px-Gray783.png xref: SCTID:279283005 is_a: UBERON:0001808 ! parasympathetic ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0003964 name: prevertebral ganglion namespace: uberon def: "the sympathetic ganglia located in front of the vertebral column and are associated with the major branches of the abdominal aorta; these include the celiac, aorticorenal, superior and inferior mesenteric ganglia" [MP:0008316] synonym: "collateral ganglion" EXACT [FMA:5892] synonym: "previsceral ganglion" EXACT [FMA:5892] xref: FMA:5892 is_a: UBERON:0001806 ! sympathetic ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0003965 name: sympathetic afferent fiber namespace: uberon def: "the fibers that conduct sensory nerve impulses from the viscera through the posterior dorsal roots into the spinal cord" [MP:0008319] is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0003980 name: cerebellum fissure namespace: uberon def: "the deep furrows which divide the lobules of the cerebellum, including the postcentral, primary and secondary furrows" [MP:0009267] comment: we use the FMA set-of term in absence of a singular term synonym: "cerebellar fissures" RELATED [FMA:77789] synonym: "cerebellar fissures set" RELATED [FMA:77789] synonym: "fissurae cerebelli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77789, FMA:TA] synonym: "set of cerebellar fissures" RELATED [FMA:77789] xref: FMA:77789 xref: SCTID:314163001 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0003989 name: medulla oblongata anterior median fissure namespace: uberon def: "the longitudinal groove in the midline of the anterior aspect of the medulla oblongata" [MP:0009680] synonym: "anterior median fissure" EXACT [FMA:83734] synonym: "anterior median fissure of medulla" EXACT [FMA:83734] synonym: "anterior median fissure of medulla oblongata" EXACT [FMA:83734] synonym: "fissura mediana anterior medullae oblongatae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83734, FMA:TA] synonym: "ventral median fissure of medulla" EXACT [FMA:83734] synonym: "ventral median sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83734] xref: FMA:83734 xref: SCTID:279288001 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0003990 name: spinal cord motor column namespace: uberon def: "the subclasses of motor neurons which are organized into longitudinally oriented columns that occupy distinct and, in some cases, discontinuous domains along the rostrocaudal axis of the spinal cord; motor neurons within a single column send their axons to a common peripheral target" [MP:0009685] is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0003991 name: fourth ventricle median aperture namespace: uberon def: "the large midline opening of the posterior inferior part of the roof of the fourth ventricle that connects the fourth ventricle to the posterior cerebromedullary cistern and the spinal cord" [MP:0009802, Wikipedia:Median_aperture] synonym: "apertura mediana ventriculi quarti" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Median_aperture] synonym: "arachnoid forament" RELATED [MA:0002947] synonym: "foramen of Magendie" EXACT [FMA:75015] synonym: "foramen of Majendie" EXACT [FMA:75015] synonym: "fourth ventricle median aperture" EXACT [MA:0002947] synonym: "median aperture" BROAD [MP:0009802] synonym: "median aperture of fourth ventricle" EXACT [FMA:75015] xref: FMA:75015 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Gray708.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Gray708.svg/200px-Gray708.svg.png xref: MA:0002947 xref: ncithesaurus:Foramen_of_Magendie xref: SCTID:279449001 xref: UMLS:C0152288 is_a: UBERON:0004668 ! fourth ventricle aperture [Term] id: UBERON:0003992 name: fourth ventricle lateral aperture namespace: uberon def: "One of the two lateral openings of the fourth ventricle into the subarachnoid space at the cerebellopontine angle[MP]." [MP:0009803, Wikipedia:Lateral_aperture] synonym: "apertura lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:78473, FMA:TA] synonym: "apertura lateralis ventriculi quarti" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_aperture] synonym: "foramen of key and retzius" EXACT [FMA:78473] synonym: "foramen of Key-Retzius" EXACT [FMA:78473] synonym: "foramen of Luschka" EXACT [FMA:78473] synonym: "foramen of Retzius" EXACT [FMA:78473] synonym: "forament of Luschka" RELATED [MA:0002946] synonym: "lateral aperture" BROAD [MP:0009803] synonym: "lateral aperture of fourth ventricle" EXACT [FMA:78473] xref: FMA:78473 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/Lateral_ventricle.gif xref: MA:0002946 xref: ncithesaurus:Foramen_of_Luschka xref: SCTID:63426007 xref: UMLS:C0152287 is_a: UBERON:0004668 ! fourth ventricle aperture [Term] id: UBERON:0003993 name: interventricular foramen of CNS namespace: uberon def: "the paired channels that connect the lateral and third ventricles and allows cerebrospinal fluid produced in the lateral ventricles to flow into the third ventricles" [MP:0009804, Wikipedia:Interventricular_foramina_(neural_anatomy)] comment: AO notes: it is not clear if the FMA class refers to CNS or heart ventricles synonym: "foramen interventriculare" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Interventricular_foramina_(neural_anatomy)] synonym: "foramen Monroi" EXACT [Wikipedia:Interventricular_foramina_(neural_anatomy)] synonym: "interventricular foramen" EXACT [FMA:75351] synonym: "interventricular foramina" EXACT [Wikipedia:Interventricular_foramina_(neural_anatomy)] xref: FMA:75351 xref: ncithesaurus:Foramen_of_Monroe xref: SCTID:279248006 xref: UMLS:C0016520 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002286 {source="MP"} ! third ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0005281 ! ventricular system of central nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0004001 name: olfactory bulb layer namespace: uberon def: "." [MP:0009946] comment: TODO - check isa parentage synonym: "cytoarchitectural part of olfactory bulb" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090402] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090402 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002264 ! olfactory bulb [Term] id: UBERON:0004002 name: cerebellum posterior lobe namespace: uberon def: "the region of the cerebellum that is posterior to the primary fissure and anterior to the posteriolateral fissure" [MP:0009962] synonym: "cerebrocerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72252] synonym: "middle lobe-1 of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72252] synonym: "posterior cerebellar lobe" EXACT [FMA:72252] synonym: "posterior lobe of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior lobe of the cerebellum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_911] synonym: "posterior lobe-1 of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72252] xref: FMA:72252 xref: MA:0002964 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_911 xref: SCTID:279360009 is_a: UBERON:0005293 ! cerebellum lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0004003 name: cerebellum hemisphere lobule namespace: uberon def: "the region of a cerebellar lobule that resides in either of the lateral sections of the cerebellum outside the vermis; in mammals, the vermis portion of the cerebellum has a foliation pattern along the AP axis that is distinct from the lateral cerebellar hemispheres" [MP:0009963] comment: TODO - define as a region overlapping synonym: "cerebellar hemisphere lobule" EXACT [] synonym: "lobule of cerebellar hemisphere" EXACT [FMA:83880] synonym: "lobule of hemisphere of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83880] xref: FMA:83880 xref: MA:0002967 intersection_of: UBERON:0004004 ! cerebellum lobule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002245 ! hemisphere of cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0004004 name: cerebellum lobule namespace: uberon def: "one of the the ten gyri of the cerebellar cortex" [MP:0009964] synonym: "lobular parts of the cerebellar cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1084] xref: MA:0002966 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1084 is_a: UBERON:0002749 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of cerebellar cortex is_a: UBERON:0002946 ! regional part of cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0004005 name: cerebellum lateral hemisphere namespace: uberon def: "the most lateral paired regions of the cerebellum; the lateral zone receives input from the parietal cortex via pontocerebellar mossy fibers regarding the location and position of the body and integrates input signals with indications of muscle activity" [MP:0009965] is_a: UBERON:0002749 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of cerebellar cortex is_a: UBERON:0002946 ! regional part of cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002245 ! hemisphere of cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0004006 name: cerebellum intermediate hemisphere namespace: uberon def: "the paired regions of the cerebellar hemisphere that lie adjacent to the vermis and are between the vermis and lateral regions of the hemispheres; it receives input from the corticopontocerebellar fibers that originate from the motor cortex, and also receives sensory feedback from the muscles; these signals are integrated by this region, to coordinate muscle activity with motor inputs" [MP:0009966] is_a: UBERON:0002749 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of cerebellar cortex is_a: UBERON:0002946 ! regional part of cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002245 ! hemisphere of cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0004008 name: cerebellar plate namespace: uberon def: "the embryonic pseudostratified epithelium of the fourth cerebellar ventricle that eventually forms the vermis and ventral neuroepithelium" [MP:0000856] relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0004009 name: cerebellum posterior vermis namespace: uberon def: "the posterior portion of the narrow middle zone between the two hemispheres of the cerebellum that is located posterior to the primary fissure" [MP:0000869] synonym: "posterior cerebellum vermis" EXACT [] synonym: "vermis of posterior lobe" EXACT [FMA:72259] synonym: "vermis of posterior lobe of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "vermis of the posterior lobe of the cerebellum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081240] xref: FMA:72259 xref: MA:0002970 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081240 is_a: UBERON:0004720 ! cerebellar vermis relationship: part_of UBERON:0004002 ! cerebellum posterior lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0004010 name: primary muscle spindle namespace: uberon def: "the sensory organ in muscle; involved in the stretch reflex and sensitive to stretch velocity" [MP:0000991] is_a: UBERON:0003718 ! muscle spindle [Term] id: UBERON:0004011 name: secondary muscle spindle namespace: uberon def: "the sensory organ in muscle; involved in the stretch reflex and not sensitive to stretch velocity" [MP:0000994] is_a: UBERON:0003718 ! muscle spindle [Term] id: UBERON:0004022 name: embryonic neuroepithelium namespace: uberon def: "the epithelial cell layer that lines the neural tube and develops into the nervous system and into the neural crest cells" [MP:0004261] synonym: "neurepithelium" BROAD [BTO:0000314] synonym: "neuroepithelium" EXACT [AEO:0001008] xref: AEO:0001008 xref: BTO:0000314 xref: EHDAA2:0004654 disjoint_from: UBERON:0006934 ! sensory epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube [Term] id: UBERON:0004023 name: ganglionic eminence namespace: uberon def: "the transient proliferative population of neurons that expands exponentially during late prenatal development; it is a continuous germinal zone distinct from the ventricular zone that surrounds the brain ventricles[MP]. The eminences are found in the ventral part of the telencephalon, where they form bulges in the ventricles. These bulges develop into the basal ganglia.[1] They also contribute significantly in building up the GABAergic cortical cell population[WP]." [MP:0004274, Wikipedia:Ganglionic_eminence] synonym: "embryonic subventricular zone" EXACT [] synonym: "embryonic/fetal subventricular zone" EXACT [] synonym: "fetal subventricular zone" EXACT [] synonym: "GE" BROAD [] relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0004024 name: medial ganglionic eminence namespace: uberon def: "a distinct elevation of a transient proliferating cell mass of the fetal subventricular zone; this mass contributes most of its cells to the neocortex; however, hippocampal neurons, thalamus, septum and olfactory bulb neurons are also partly derived from the MGE." [MP:0004276] synonym: "MGE" BROAD [] is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004023 ! ganglionic eminence [Term] id: UBERON:0004025 name: lateral ganglionic eminence namespace: uberon def: "a distinct elevation of a transient proliferating cell mass of the fetal subventricular zone; this mass contributes most of its cells to the striatum; however, neocortex, thalamus, septum and olfactory bulb neurons are also partly derived from the LGE" [MP:0004277] synonym: "LGE" BROAD [] is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004023 ! ganglionic eminence [Term] id: UBERON:0004026 name: caudal ganglionic eminence namespace: uberon def: "the caudally located, distinct elevation of a transient proliferating cell mass of the fetal subventricular zone, located adjacent to the lateral ventricle" [MP:0004278] synonym: "CGE" BROAD [] xref: EFO:0001911 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004023 ! ganglionic eminence [Term] id: UBERON:0004035 name: subplate namespace: uberon def: "the transient outer neural tube region that contains the first generated post-mitotic neurons that receive synaptic input from thalamic axons and in turn project axons to the developing cortical plate" [MP:0008440, Wikipedia:Subplate] comment: The transient fetal subplate zone, together with the marginal zone and the cortical plate, represents the developmental anlage of the mammalian cerebral cortex. It serves as a waiting compartment for growing cortical afferents; its cells are involved in the establishment of pioneering cortical efferent projections and transient fetal circuitry, and apparently have a number of other developmental roles. The subplate zone is a phylogenetically recent structure and it is most developed in the human brain. Subplate neurons are among the first generated neurons in the mammalian cerebral cortex [1]. These neurons disappear during postnatal development and are important in establishing the correct wiring [2][3] and functional maturation [4] of the cerebral cortex. Subplate neurons appear to be selectively sensitive to injury (such as hypoxia) which in humans are associated with motor and cognitive defects[WP]. is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube [Term] id: UBERON:0004040 name: cortical intermediate zone namespace: uberon def: "the region of the developing mammalian cortex that extends between the ventricular zone and the cortical plate (CP); normally, the IZ is a region of tangential migration of cells, and at midgestation, the lower part of the IZ develops into the subventricular zone" [MP:0008457] is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0004047 name: basal cistern namespace: uberon def: "the enclosed space where the arachnoid membrane stretches between the two temporal lobes and encloses the cerebral peduncles including the structures contained in the interpeduncular fossa" [MP:0009029] xref: EMAPA:19056 xref: EMAPA:19149 is_a: UBERON:0004050 ! subarachnoid cistern [Term] id: UBERON:0004048 name: pontine cistern namespace: uberon def: "the space located on lateral aspects of the pons at the junction with the celebellum" [MP:0009030] xref: EMAPA:18212 xref: FMA:83719 is_a: UBERON:0004050 ! subarachnoid cistern is_a: UBERON:0005219 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindbrain subarachnoid space relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons [Term] id: UBERON:0004049 name: cerebellomedullary cistern namespace: uberon def: "the largest of the subarachnoid cisterns between the cerebellum and the medulla oblongata; it is divided into a posterior cerebellomedullary cistern [TA] located between the cerebellum and the posterior surface of the medulla (also called cisterna magna), and a lateral cerebellomedullary cistern [TA] located between the cerebellum and the lateral aspect of the medulla." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/cerebellomedullary-cistern.html] synonym: "great cistern" EXACT [FMA:74517] xref: FMA:74517 is_a: UBERON:0004050 ! subarachnoid cistern [Term] id: UBERON:0004050 name: subarachnoid cistern namespace: uberon def: "the widening portions of the subarachnoid space within the cranium where the arachnoid bridges over a depression on the surface of the brain" [MP:0009032, Wikipedia:Cistern_(neuroanatomy)] comment: AO notes: in FMA is a subdivision of arachnoid space synonym: "cistern" BROAD [Wikipedia:Cistern_(neuroanatomy)] synonym: "cisterna" BROAD LATIN [Wikipedia:Cistern_(neuroanatomy)] xref: FMA:83717 xref: ncithesaurus:Subarachnoid_Cistern xref: SCTID:314223007 xref: UMLS:C0228144 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0004051 name: lateral cerebellomedullary cistern namespace: uberon def: "the space between the cerebellum and the lateral aspect of the medulla" [MP:0009034] synonym: "cisterna cerebellomedullaris lateralis" EXACT [MP:0009034] xref: FMA:83722 is_a: UBERON:0004049 ! cerebellomedullary cistern relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0004052 name: quadrigeminal cistern namespace: uberon def: "the enclosed space extending forward between the corpus callosum and the thalamus that contains the internal cerebral veins" [MP:0009035] synonym: "ambient cistern" EXACT [FMA:74511] synonym: "cistern of great cerebral vein" EXACT [FMA:74511] synonym: "cisterna ambiens" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74511, FMA:TA] synonym: "cisterna quadrigeminalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74511, FMA:TA] synonym: "cisterna venae magnae cerebri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74511, FMA:TA] synonym: "superior cistern" EXACT [FMA:74511] xref: FMA:74511 xref: ncithesaurus:Quadrigeminal_Cistern xref: SCTID:56154003 xref: UMLS:C0228150 is_a: UBERON:0004050 ! subarachnoid cistern relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002336 ! corpus callosum [Term] id: UBERON:0004059 name: spinal cord medial motor column namespace: uberon def: "the subclasses of motor neurons which project their axons to axial muscles that lie close to the vertebral column; motor neurons in the lateral subdivision of the MMC project their axons to body wall muscles" [MP:0009686] is_a: UBERON:0003990 ! spinal cord motor column [Term] id: UBERON:0004060 name: neural tube ventricular layer namespace: uberon def: "the layer of undifferentiated, proliferating cells that line the neural tube lumen" [MP:0009689] comment: consider merging with 'ventricular zone' synonym: "neural tube ependymal zone" EXACT [MP:0009689] synonym: "neural tube ventricular zone" RELATED [MP:0009689] xref: EMAPA:16783 xref: EMAPA:17152 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube [Term] id: UBERON:0004061 name: neural tube mantle layer namespace: uberon def: "the layer of glia and differentiating neurons that will form the gray matter of the spinal cord; this lies between the ventricular and marginal layers and includes the basal and alar plates" [MP:0009690] synonym: "neural tube intermediate zone" EXACT [MP:0009690] xref: EMAPA:17148 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004060 ! neural tube ventricular layer relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004062 ! neural tube marginal layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube [Term] id: UBERON:0004062 name: neural tube marginal layer namespace: uberon def: "the outermost layer of the neural tube that contains nerve fibers and will form the white matter" [MP:0009691] synonym: "neural tube marginal zone" EXACT [MP:0009691] xref: EMAPA:17151 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube [Term] id: UBERON:0004063 name: spinal cord alar plate namespace: uberon def: "the region of the mantle layer of the neural tube that lies dorsal to the sulcus limitans and contains primarily sensory neurons and interneurons involved in communication of sensory impulses; the alar plate develops into the dorsal horn in the grey matter of the spinal cord" [MP:0009692] comment: TODO - merge with UBERON:0003054 roof plate? synonym: "alar column spinal cord" EXACT [VHOG:0000899] synonym: "spinal cord alar column" EXACT [MP:0009692] synonym: "spinal cord alar lamina" EXACT [MP:0009692] xref: EMAPA:17149 xref: EMAPA:17581 xref: VHOG:0000899 is_a: UBERON:0005882 ! alar plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0006241 ! future spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0004064 name: neural tube basal plate namespace: uberon def: "the region of the mantle layer of the neural tube that lies ventral to the sulcus limitans and contains primarily motor neurons and interneurons. the region of the neural tube ventral to the sulcus limitans. It extends from the rostral mesencephalon to the end of the spinal cord and contains primarily motor neurons, whereas neurons found in the alar plate are primarily associated with sensory functions. The cell types of the basal plate include lower motor neurons and four types of interneuron. Initially the left and right sides of the basal plate are continuous, but during neurulation they become separated by the floor plate, a derivative of the notochord[WP]." [MP:0009693, Wikipedia:Basal_plate_(neural_tube)] synonym: "basal plate" EXACT [] synonym: "basal plate of neural tube" EXACT [Wikipedia:Basal_plate_(neural_tube)] synonym: "spinal cord basal plate" NARROW [MP:0009693] synonym: "ventral part of neural tube" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010561 xref: EFO:0001904 xref: ncithesaurus:Basal_Plate xref: UMLS:C1511061 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004061 ! neural tube mantle layer relationship: ventral_to UBERON:0005478 ! sulcus limitans of neural tube [Term] id: UBERON:0004065 name: primordial meninx namespace: uberon def: "the outermost mesenchymal covering of the developing brain and spinal cord that is composed of tough fibrous connective tissue from which the arachnoid mater, pia mater and dura mater are formed" [MP:0009726] is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0004069 name: accessory olfactory bulb namespace: uberon def: "the forebrain region that coordinates sensory signaling arising from the vomeronasal organ; it is located on the dorsal-posterior portion of the main olfactory bulb, and the axons that leave the accessory olfactory bulb project to targets in the amygdala and hypothalamus" [MP:0009945, Wikipedia:Olfactory_bulb#Accessory_olfactory_bulb] comment: Site of termination of vomeronasal nerve; projects to: other parts of pallial amygdala, medial amygdala, subpallial nucleus (Butler and Hodos) synonym: "accessory olfactory formation" RELATED [MA:0000966] synonym: "olfactory bulb accessory nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090453] xref: ABA:AOB xref: BTO:0004797 xref: MA:0000966 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090453 is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: overlaps UBERON:0009121 {source="ISBN10:0471888893"} ! vomeronasal nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0002264 {source="cjm"} ! olfactory bulb property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002266 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002590 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002893 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004070 name: cerebellum vermis lobule namespace: uberon def: "the region of a cerebellar lobule that resides in the central section of the cerebellum between the two hemispheres; in humans, vermis lobule regions may be nearly continuous with the cerebellar hemisphere lobules dorsally but are separated by deeper longitudinal fissues in the ventral regions; in mammals, the vermis portion of the cerebellum has a foliation pattern along the AP axis that is distinct from the lateral cerebellar hemispheres" [MP:0009957] comment: TODO - define as a region overlapping xref: MA:0002968 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081223 intersection_of: UBERON:0004004 ! cerebellum lobule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004720 ! cerebellar vermis [Term] id: UBERON:0004071 name: cerebellum emboliform nucleus namespace: uberon def: "the small wedge shaped nucleus interposed between the dentate and fastigial nuclei; it receives axons from Purkinje cells of the intermediate area of the cerebral hemispheres and most of its efferent connections travel via the superior cerebellar peduncle" [MP:0009981] xref: SCTID:279222003 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0004072 name: cerebellum globose nucleus namespace: uberon def: "the two or three small masses of gray matter that is located medial to the emboliform nucleus and lateral to the fastigial nucleus; it receives axons from the intermediate area of the cerebellar hemispheres and its afferents exit through the superior cerebellar peduncle; it is recognized in human cerebellum but is not distinguishable in all mammalian species" [MP:0009982] xref: SCTID:279223008 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0004073 name: cerebellum interpositus nucleus namespace: uberon def: "the nucelus composed of the globose and emoliform nuclei of the cerebellum; in some mammalian species the globose nucleus is not distinguishable" [MP:0009984] is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0004074 name: cerebellum vermis lobule I namespace: uberon def: "." [MP:0009988] comment: TODO FMA:61904 lingual gyrus FMA:71032 lingula gyrus (lg) synonym: "lingula" RELATED [MA:0000998] synonym: "lingula (I)" EXACT [ABA:LING] synonym: "lingula of anterior cerebellum vermis" EXACT [] synonym: "lingula of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "lobule I of cerebellum vermis" EXACT [] synonym: "neuraxis lingula" EXACT [] xref: ABA:LING xref: FMA:83884 xref: MA:0000998 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_932 xref: SCTID:77232000 is_a: UBERON:0004070 {source="MA"} ! cerebellum vermis lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0003941 ! cerebellum anterior vermis [Term] id: UBERON:0004075 name: cerebellum vermis lobule II namespace: uberon def: "." [MP:0009989] comment: central vs alar central? II and III? part_of CENT in ABA synonym: "central lobule" BROAD [MA:0000999] synonym: "central lobule of cerebellum" BROAD [] synonym: "lobule II" EXACT [ABA:CENT2] synonym: "lobule II of cerebellum vermis" EXACT [] synonym: "vermic lobule II" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081225] xref: ABA:CENT2 xref: MA:0000999 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081225 is_a: UBERON:0004003 {is_inferred="true"} ! cerebellum hemisphere lobule is_a: UBERON:0004070 {source="MA"} ! cerebellum vermis lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0003021 {source="ABA"} ! central lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0003941 {source="MA"} ! cerebellum anterior vermis [Term] id: UBERON:0004076 name: cerebellum vermis lobule III namespace: uberon def: "." [MP:0009990] comment: II or III? synonym: "central lobule" BROAD [MA:0001000] synonym: "central lobule of cerebellum" BROAD [] synonym: "lobule III" EXACT [ABA:CENT3] synonym: "lobule III of cerebellum vermis" EXACT [] xref: ABA:CENT3 xref: MA:0001000 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081226 is_a: UBERON:0004003 {is_inferred="true"} ! cerebellum hemisphere lobule is_a: UBERON:0004070 {source="MA"} ! cerebellum vermis lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0003021 {source="ABA"} ! central lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0003941 ! cerebellum anterior vermis [Term] id: UBERON:0004077 name: cerebellum vermis lobule IV namespace: uberon def: "The culmen is the portion of the anterior vermis adjacent to the primary fissure of cerebellum. The culmen and the anterior parts of the quadrangular lobules form the lobus culminis[WP]." [MP:0009991, Wikipedia:Culmen_(cerebellum)] synonym: "culmen of cerebellum" BROAD [] synonym: "lobule IV of cerebellum vermis" EXACT [] synonym: "neuraxis culmen" BROAD [FMA:83886] xref: ABA:CUL4 xref: MA:0001001 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081227 is_a: UBERON:0004070 {source="MA"} ! cerebellum vermis lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0007763 {source="ABA"} ! cerebellum culmen property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003021 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004078 name: cerebellum vermis lobule IX namespace: uberon def: "." [MP:0009992] synonym: "cerebellar posterior vermis lobule IX" EXACT [PMID:2022820] synonym: "lobule IX of cerebellar posterior vermis" EXACT [PMID:2022820] synonym: "lobule IX of cerebellum vermis" EXACT [] synonym: "neuraxis uvula" EXACT [FMA:83883] synonym: "uvula (IX)" EXACT [ABA:UVU] synonym: "uvula [vermis]" EXACT [] synonym: "uvula of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83883] synonym: "uvula of vermis of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "vermic lobule IX" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081234] xref: ABA:UVU xref: FMA:83883 xref: MA:0001006 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081234 is_a: UBERON:0004070 {source="MA"} ! cerebellum vermis lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0004079 name: cerebellum vermis lobule V namespace: uberon def: "." [MP:0009993] synonym: "culmen" BROAD [MA:0001002] synonym: "culmen of cerebellum" BROAD [] synonym: "lobule V" EXACT [ABA:CUL5] synonym: "lobule V of cerebellum vermis" EXACT [] synonym: "neuraxis culmen" BROAD [FMA:83886] xref: ABA:CUL5 xref: MA:0001002 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081228 is_a: UBERON:0004070 {source="MA"} ! cerebellum vermis lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0007763 {source="ABA"} ! cerebellum culmen [Term] id: UBERON:0004080 name: cerebellum vermis lobule VI namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0000909 alt_id: UBERON:Declive-MA_0001003 def: "." [MP:0009994] synonym: "declive" BROAD [MA:0001003] synonym: "declive (VI)" EXACT [ABA:DEC] synonym: "declive of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "declive of vermis of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "lobule VI of cerebellum vermis" EXACT [] synonym: "neuraxis declive" EXACT [FMA:83887] synonym: "vermic lobule vi" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081229] xref: ABA:DEC xref: FMA:83887 xref: MA:0001003 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081229 xref: SCTID:279385000 is_a: UBERON:0004070 {source="MA"} ! cerebellum vermis lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0004009 ! cerebellum posterior vermis [Term] id: UBERON:0004081 name: cerebellum vermis lobule VII namespace: uberon def: "The folium vermis is a short, narrow, concealed band at the posterior extremity of the vermis, consisting apparently of a single folium, but in reality marked on its upper and under surfaces by secondary fissures. Laterally, it expands in either hemisphere into a considerable lobule, the superior semilunar lobule (lobulus semilunaris superior; postero-superior lobules), which occupies the posterior third of the upper surface of the hemisphere, and is bounded below by the horizontal sulcus. The superior semilunar lobules and the folium vermis form the lobus semilunaris." [MP:0009995, Wikipedia:Folium_(vermis)] comment: check MA, MP, FMA, folium? synonym: "folium" BROAD [MA:0001004] synonym: "folium lobule" NARROW [MP:0009995] synonym: "folium of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "folium of vermis of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "folium-tuber vermis (VII)" EXACT [ABA:FOTU] synonym: "lobule VII of cerebellum vermis" EXACT [] synonym: "neuraxis folium" EXACT [FMA:83889] synonym: "vermic lobule VII" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081230] xref: ABA:FOTU xref: FMA:83889 xref: MA:0001004 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081230 xref: SCTID:369044003 is_a: UBERON:0004070 {source="MA"} ! cerebellum vermis lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0004009 ! cerebellum posterior vermis [Term] id: UBERON:0004082 name: cerebellum vermis lobule VIII namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0002312 def: "." [MP:0009996] synonym: "cerebellum lobule VIII" EXACT [] synonym: "lobule VIII of cerebellum vermis" EXACT [] synonym: "neuraxis pyramis" EXACT [] synonym: "neuraxis pyramus" EXACT [] synonym: "pyramis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081233] synonym: "pyramis of vermis of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83888] synonym: "pyramus" BROAD [MA:0001005] synonym: "pyramus" RELATED [] synonym: "pyramus (VIII)" EXACT [ABA:PYR] synonym: "pyramus of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "pyramus of vermis of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83888] synonym: "vermic lobule VIII" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081233] xref: ABA:PYR xref: FMA:83888 xref: MA:0001005 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081233 is_a: UBERON:0004070 {source="MA"} ! cerebellum vermis lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0004009 ! cerebellum posterior vermis [Term] id: UBERON:0004083 name: cerebellum vermis lobule X namespace: uberon def: "." [MP:0009997] synonym: "lobule X of cerebellum vermis" EXACT [] synonym: "neuraxis nodulus" EXACT [] synonym: "nodulus" BROAD [MA:0001007] synonym: "nodulus (X)" EXACT [ABA:NOD] synonym: "nodulus of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "nodulus of vermis of cerebellum" EXACT [] xref: ABA:NOD xref: FMA:83882 xref: MA:0001007 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1165 is_a: UBERON:0004070 {source="MA"} ! cerebellum vermis lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0004086 name: brain ventricle namespace: uberon def: "one of the system of communicating cavities in the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord, that like it are derived from the medullary canal of the embryo, that are lined with an epithelial ependyma, and that contain a serous fluid" [] comment: Note that FMA draws the distinction between e.g. 'fourth ventricle' and 'cavity of fourth ventricle'. The latter is a cavity, and part of the former, which is a region. The superclass of 'fourth ventricle' is_a 'region of ventricular system of the brain'. We place this class here, although it is not equivalent to ventricles, as it includes ventricle bodies. synonym: "cerebral ventricle" EXACT [HP:0002118] synonym: "region of ventricular system of brain" EXACT [FMA:78447] xref: BTO:0001442 xref: EFO:0001914 xref: FMA:78447 xref: MA:0000818 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.276 xref: ncithesaurus:Ventricle_Brain xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1356 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvmTY65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180929003 xref: UMLS:C0007799 is_a: UBERON:0005358 ! ventricle of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0005282 ! ventricular system of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0004095 name: corticospinal tract namespace: uberon def: "The corticospinal or pyramidal tract is a collection of axons that travel between the cerebral cortex of the brain and the spinal cord. The corticospinal tract mostly contains motor axons. It actually consists of two separate tracts in the spinal cord: the lateral corticospinal tract and the medial corticospinal tract. An understanding of these tracts leads to an understanding of why for the most part, one side of the body is controlled by the opposite side of the brain. Also the corticobulbar tract is considered to be a pyramidal tract. The corticobulbar tract carries signals that control motor neurons located in cranial nerve brain nuclei rather than motor neurons located in the spinal cord. The neurons of the pyramidal tracts are pyramidal neurons, but that is not how the pyramidal tract got its name, as most of the pyramidal neurons send their axons elsewhere. Instead, it got its name from the shape of the corticospinal axon tracts: when the pyramidal tract passes the medulla, it forms a dense bundle of nerve fibres that is shaped somewhat like a pyramid. [WP,unvetted]." [HP:0002492, Wikipedia:Corticospinal_tract] synonym: "tractus corticospinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Corticospinal_tract] xref: BM:CST xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/Gray684.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Gray684.png/200px-Gray684.png is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002707 ! pyramidal tract [Term] id: UBERON:0004116 name: nerve of tympanic cavity namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a tympanic cavity [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical cavity of middle ear nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cavity of middle ear nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle ear anatomical cavity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle ear cavity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of anatomical cavity of middle ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of cavity of middle ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of middle ear anatomical cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of middle ear cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tympanic cavity nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "tympanic cavity nerves" EXACT [MA:0001222] xref: MA:0001222 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve is_a: UBERON:0011779 {is_inferred="true"} ! nerve of head region [Term] id: UBERON:0004121 name: ectoderm-derived structure namespace: uberon def: "An anatomical structure that develops (entirely or partially) from the ectoderm." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Grouping term for query purposes subset: grouping_class is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0004130 name: cerebellar layer namespace: uberon synonym: "cell layer of cerebellar cortex" EXACT [] synonym: "gray matter layer of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83141] synonym: "layer of cerebellar cortex" EXACT [] xref: FMA:83141 xref: MA:0000201 xref: ncithesaurus:Cortical_Cell_Layer_of_the_Cerebellum xref: SCTID:360478008 xref: UMLS:C1707522 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0004132 name: trigeminal sensory nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The sensory trigeminal nerve nuclei are the largest of the cranial nerve nuclei, and extend through the whole of the midbrain, pons and medulla. The nucleus is divided into three parts, from rostral to caudal (top to bottom in humans): * The mesencephalic nucleus * The chief sensory nucleus (or pontine nucleus or main sensory nucleus or primary nucleus) * The spinal trigeminal nucleus[WP]." [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_nuclei] comment: TODO: check ZFA link. note this is part of medulla in ZFA, but we do not include this link here as it leads to inconsistencies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "sensory trigeminal nuclei" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000433] synonym: "sensory trigeminal nucleus" EXACT [ZFA:0000433] synonym: "sensory trigeminal V nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "trigeminal sensory nucleus" EXACT [GO:0021730] synonym: "trigeminal V sensory nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001030] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray696.png/200px-Gray696.png xref: MA:0001030 xref: SCTID:280170001 xref: TAO:0000433 xref: VHOG:0001356 xref: ZFA:0000433 is_a: UBERON:0000126 {source="FMA"} ! cranial nerve nucleus is_a: UBERON:0002925 {is_inferred="true"} ! trigeminal nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002925 {source="MA"} ! trigeminal nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0004133 name: salivatory nucleus namespace: uberon def: "." [GO:0021751] synonym: "salivary nucleus" EXACT [GO:0021751] is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002680 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 {is_inferred="true"} ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons [Term] id: UBERON:0004166 name: superior reticular formation namespace: uberon def: "." [GO:0021729, GO_REF:0000021] comment: check ZFA structures superior reticular formation medial column & tegmentum is_a: UBERON:0002275 ! reticular formation is_a: UBERON:0002559 {is_inferred="true"} ! medullary reticular formation is_a: UBERON:0002579 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of medullary reticular formation relationship: part_of UBERON:0002559 {source="GO"} ! medullary reticular formation [Term] id: UBERON:0004167 name: orbitofrontal cortex namespace: uberon def: "the region of the cerebral cortex covering the basal surface of the frontal lobes; this region normally controls emotion and decision making" [GO:0021769, MGI:csmith, MP:0004170] comment: note that this is a gyrus in FMA synonym: "fronto-orbital cortex" EXACT [] synonym: "orbital frontal cortex" EXACT [DHB:OFC, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1049] synonym: "orbito-frontal cortex" EXACT [] xref: EFO:0001990 xref: FMA:242003 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1049 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000349 {source="MP"} ! limbic system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001870 {source="GO", source="MP"} ! frontal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0004170 name: spinal cord ventral commissure namespace: uberon def: "the band of nerve fibers which cross the midline of the spinal cord ventral to the central canal and posterior grey commissure[MP]. The anterior (or ventral) white commissure, also known as the alba anterior medullae spinalis, is a bundle of nerve fibers which cross the midline of the spinal cord just anterior to the gray commissure. A N4 fibers and C fibers carrying pain sensation in the spinothalamic tract contribute to this commissure, as do fibers of the anterior corticospinal tract, which carry motor signals from the primary motor cortex[WP]." [GO:0021965, MP:0009695, Wikipedia:Anterior_white_commissure] synonym: "anterior commissure" RELATED INCONSISTENT [MP:0009695] synonym: "anterior white commissure" EXACT [MP:0009695] synonym: "anterior white commissure of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77035] synonym: "commissura alba anterior medullae spinalis, alba anterior medullae spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_white_commissure] synonym: "spinal cord anterior commissure" EXACT [MP:0009695] synonym: "ventral spinal commissure" EXACT [MP:0009695] synonym: "ventral white column" EXACT [MP:0009695] synonym: "ventral white commissure of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77035] synonym: "white commissure" RELATED [MP:0009695] xref: FMA:77035 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Gray664.png xref: ncithesaurus:White_Commissure xref: SCTID:424149007 xref: UMLS:C1520137 is_a: UBERON:0007838 {source="FMA"} ! spinal cord white commissure [Term] id: UBERON:0004171 name: trigeminothalamic tract namespace: uberon def: "the trigeminothalamic tract is one of the major routes of nociceptive and temperature signaling from the face" [GO:0021974] xref: FMA:83852 is_a: UBERON:0001018 ! axon tract [Term] id: UBERON:0004172 name: pons reticulospinal tract namespace: uberon def: "axon tract that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in the pons towards target cells in the spinal cord." [GO:0021975] xref: SCTID:362404001 is_a: UBERON:0001018 ! axon tract relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000988 ! pons relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0004173 name: medulla reticulospinal tract namespace: uberon def: "axon tract that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in the medulla towards target cells in the spinal cord[GO]." [GO:0021976] synonym: "medullary reticulospinal tract" EXACT [FMA:73989] xref: FMA:73989 is_a: UBERON:0001018 ! axon tract relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0004186 name: olfactory bulb mitral cell layer namespace: uberon def: "The mitral cell layer is composed of pyramidal neurons whose cell bodies are located between the granule cell layer and the plexiform layer" [GO:0061034] comment: note that NIF divides this into main and accessory synonym: "mitral cell body layer" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100201] synonym: "mitral cell layer" EXACT [BTO:0001108] synonym: "olfactory bulb main mitral cell body layer" RELATED [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100201] xref: BTO:0001108 xref: MA:0000973 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100201 is_a: UBERON:0004001 ! olfactory bulb layer [Term] id: UBERON:0004214 name: upper leg nerve namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb stylopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb stylopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member stylopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity stylopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of hind limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of hindlimb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of inferior member stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of lower extremity stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of Proximal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of stylopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of stylopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of stylopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of stylopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of stylopod of lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of thigh" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of upper leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Proximal segment of free lower limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of hind limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of hindlimb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of inferior member nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of lower extremity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of lower limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thigh nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000685 is_a: UBERON:0003431 {is_inferred="true"} ! leg nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0004215 name: back nerve namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a back [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of back" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000497 [Term] id: UBERON:0004216 name: lower arm nerve namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a lower arm [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "antebrachial region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm middle limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm zeugopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region middle limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region zeugopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower segment of arm nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of arm nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of brachial region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of antebrachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of arm middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of arm zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of brachial region middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of brachial region zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of intermediate segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of lower arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of lower segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of middle limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of middle limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of zeugopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of zeugopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of arm nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of brachial region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000601 is_a: UBERON:0003433 {is_inferred="true"} ! arm nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0004217 name: upper arm nerve namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm stylopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region stylopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of arm stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of brachial region stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of Proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of stylopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of stylopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of upper arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Proximal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of arm nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of brachial region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000607 is_a: UBERON:0003433 {is_inferred="true"} ! arm nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0004218 name: lower leg nerve namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a lower leg [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb middle limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb zeugopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb middle limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb zeugopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member middle limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member zeugopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate segment of free lower limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity middle limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity zeugopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of hind limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of hindlimb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of inferior member nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of lower extremity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of hind limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of hind limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of hindlimb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of hindlimb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of inferior member middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of inferior member zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of intermediate segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of lower extremity middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of lower extremity zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of lower leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of middle limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of middle limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of middle limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of middle limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of zeugopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of zeugopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of zeugopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of zeugopod of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of zeugopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of hind limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of hindlimb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of inferior member nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of leg nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of lower extremity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000679 is_a: UBERON:0003431 {is_inferred="true"} ! leg nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0004274 name: lateral ventricle choroid plexus epithelium namespace: uberon def: "A choroid plexus epithelium that is part of a lateral ventricle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelial tissue of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelium of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "choroid plexus epithelial tissue of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "choroid plexus epithelium of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of choroid plexus of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of choroid plexus of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lateral ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lateral ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lateral ventricle choroid plexus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lateral ventricle epithelial tissue of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lateral ventricle epithelial tissue of choroid plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lateral ventricle epithelium of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lateral ventricle epithelium of choroid plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0004450 xref: FMA:242815 xref: MA:0000962 xref: ncithesaurus:Choroid_Plexus_Epithelium_of_the_Lateral_Ventricle xref: UMLS:C1711323 is_a: UBERON:0003911 {is_inferred="true"} ! choroid plexus epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004643 {is_inferred="true"} ! lateral ventricle ependyma [Term] id: UBERON:0004275 name: third ventricle choroid plexus epithelium namespace: uberon def: "A choroid plexus epithelium that is part of a third ventricle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelial tissue of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelium of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "choroid plexus epithelial tissue of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "choroid plexus epithelium of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of choroid plexus of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of choroid plexus of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third ventricle choroid plexus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third ventricle epithelial tissue of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third ventricle epithelial tissue of choroid plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third ventricle epithelium of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third ventricle epithelium of choroid plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:242821 xref: MA:0000880 is_a: UBERON:0004642 {is_inferred="true"} ! third ventricle ependyma intersection_of: UBERON:0003911 ! choroid plexus epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002288 ! choroid plexus of third ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0004276 name: fourth ventricle choroid plexus epithelium namespace: uberon def: "A choroid plexus epithelium that is part of a fourth ventricle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelial tissue of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelium of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "choroid plexus epithelial tissue of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "choroid plexus epithelium of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of choroid plexus of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of choroid plexus of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth ventricle choroid plexus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth ventricle epithelial tissue of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth ventricle epithelial tissue of choroid plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth ventricle epithelium of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth ventricle epithelium of choroid plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:242823 xref: MA:0000984 xref: ncithesaurus:Choroid_Plexus_Epithelium_of_the_Fourth_Ventricle xref: UMLS:C1707392 is_a: UBERON:0004644 {is_inferred="true"} ! fourth ventricle ependyma intersection_of: UBERON:0003911 ! choroid plexus epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002290 ! choroid plexus of fourth ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0004293 name: parasympathetic nerve namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a parasympathetic nervous system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of parasympathetic nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001401 xref: EMAPA:17271 xref: MA:0000224 xref: SCTID:276146002 xref: VHOG:0000641 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000011 ! parasympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0004295 name: sympathetic nerve trunk namespace: uberon def: "A nerve trunk that is part of a sympathetic nervous system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve trunk of sympathetic nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve trunk of sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sympathetic nervous system nerve trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001970 xref: EMAPA:16986 xref: MA:0000227 intersection_of: UBERON:0002464 ! nerve trunk intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0004545 name: external capsule namespace: uberon def: "External capsule is an organ subdivision of the telencephalon which is made up primarily of myelinated axonal neural tissue (white matter). The external capsule is a sheet-like fiber bundle located lateral to the to the putamen and globus pallidus which projects dorsally to the white matter underlying the cerebral cortex[FMA]." [FMA:61959, Wikipedia:External_capsule] synonym: "capsula externa" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:External_capsule] xref: FMA:61959 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg/200px-Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg xref: MA:0002896 xref: ncithesaurus:External_Capsule xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1010013 xref: SCTID:279300007 xref: UMLS:C0152345 is_a: UBERON:0002437 ! cerebral white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0004642 name: third ventricle ependyma namespace: uberon def: "An ependyma that is part of a third ventricle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3rd ventricle ependyma" EXACT [MA:0000882] synonym: "ependyma of third ventricle" EXACT [MA:0000882] xref: FMA:242833 xref: MA:0000882 xref: SCTID:362316006 is_a: UBERON:0005357 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain ependyma intersection_of: UBERON:0004670 ! ependyma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0004643 name: lateral ventricle ependyma namespace: uberon def: "An ependyma that is part of a lateral ventricle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ependyma of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:242825] xref: FMA:242825 xref: MA:0000964 xref: ncithesaurus:Lateral_Ventricle_Ependyma xref: SCTID:369275002 xref: UMLS:C0228162 is_a: UBERON:0005357 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain ependyma intersection_of: UBERON:0004670 ! ependyma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0004644 name: fourth ventricle ependyma namespace: uberon def: "An ependyma that is part of a fourth ventricle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4th ventricle ependyma" RELATED [MA:0000986] synonym: "ependyma of fourth ventricle" EXACT [FMA:242835] xref: FMA:242835 xref: MA:0000986 xref: ncithesaurus:Fourth_Ventricle_Ependyma xref: SCTID:369277005 xref: UMLS:C0228171 is_a: UBERON:0005357 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain ependyma intersection_of: UBERON:0004670 ! ependyma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0004668 name: fourth ventricle aperture namespace: uberon def: "One of: the 4th ventricle median or lateral apertures." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "aperture of 4th ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "aperture of fourth ventricle" EXACT [FMA:242766] xref: FMA:242766 xref: MA:0002945 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure [Term] id: UBERON:0004670 name: ependyma namespace: uberon def: "the thin epithelial membrane lining the ventricular system of the brain and the spinal cord. Ependyma is one of the four types of neuroglia in the central nervous system. It is involved in the production of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It is simple, columnar or cuboidal." [BTO:0000401, Wikipedia:Ependyma] comment: FMA breaks ependyma into epednyma proper (a subdivsion of epithelium) and epithelium of choroid plexus synonym: "ependyma of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:242791] synonym: "ependymal epithelium" EXACT [BTO:0000401] synonym: "lamina epithelialis" RELATED [FMA:242791] xref: BTO:0000401 xref: FMA:242791 xref: GAID:608 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Gray667.png xref: MESH:A08.186.211.276.460 xref: ncithesaurus:Ependyma xref: SCTID:12766003 xref: UMLS:C0014472 property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "ependymal" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0004671 name: gyrus rectus namespace: uberon synonym: "gyrus rectus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1103] synonym: "medial part of gyri orbitales" EXACT [FMA:61893] synonym: "rectal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61893] synonym: "rectus gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61893] synonym: "straight gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61893] xref: FMA:61893 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1103 xref: SCTID:279206004 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon is_a: UBERON:0003022 ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001870 ! frontal cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex [Term] id: UBERON:0004672 name: posterior horn lateral ventricle namespace: uberon synonym: "cornu posterius ventriculi lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83700, FMA:TA] synonym: "occipital horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1297] synonym: "occipital horn of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:83700] synonym: "posterior horn lateral ventricle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1297] synonym: "posterior horn of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:83700] synonym: "posterior horn of the lateral ventricle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1297] xref: FMA:83700 xref: ncithesaurus:Occipital_Horn_of_the_Lateral_Ventricle xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1297 xref: SCTID:362314009 xref: UMLS:C0152282 is_a: UBERON:0002285 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic ventricle is_a: UBERON:0004086 ! brain ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0004673 name: trigeminal nerve root namespace: uberon def: "A nerve root that continuous_with a trigeminal nerve." [OBOL:automatic] comment: TODO - check ZFA synonym: "descending trigeminal root" RELATED [TAO:0000192] synonym: "root of trigeminal nerve" EXACT [FMA:52610] synonym: "root of trigeminal V nerve" EXACT [Obol:cjm] synonym: "trigeminal nerve root" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1346] synonym: "trigeminal neural root" EXACT [FMA:52610] xref: FMA:52610 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1346 xref: SCTID:280185007 xref: TAO:0000192 xref: ZFA:0000192 is_a: UBERON:0004733 {is_inferred="true"} ! segmental subdivision of hindbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0004674 name: facial nerve root namespace: uberon def: "A nerve root that continuous_with a facial nerve." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "central part of facial nerve" EXACT [FMA:53418] synonym: "facial nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:53418] synonym: "facial nerve root" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1513] synonym: "facial neural root" EXACT [FMA:53418] synonym: "root of facial nerve" EXACT [FMA:53418] xref: FMA:53418 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1513 xref: SCTID:280186008 is_a: UBERON:0004733 {is_inferred="true"} ! segmental subdivision of hindbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0004675 name: hypoglossal nerve root namespace: uberon def: "A nerve root that continuous_with a hypoglossal nerve." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "central part of hypoglossal nerve" EXACT [FMA:72632] synonym: "hypoglossal nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72632] synonym: "hypoglossal nerve root" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1588] synonym: "hypoglossal nerve tract" EXACT [FMA:72632] synonym: "root of hypoglossal nerve" EXACT [FMA:72632] xref: FMA:72632 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1588 is_a: UBERON:0004733 {is_inferred="true"} ! segmental subdivision of hindbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0004676 name: spinal cord lateral horn namespace: uberon def: "a triangular field that is a lateralward projection of the postero-lateral part of the anterior column[WP, modified by cjm]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_horn_of_spinal_cord] comment: todo - check relationship to spinal cord lateral column. in FMA funiculus=white and horn=grep synonym: "cornu laterale medullae spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_horn_of_spinal_cord] synonym: "intermediate gray column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256536] synonym: "intermediate grey column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256536] synonym: "lateral gray column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256536] synonym: "lateral gray horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2666] synonym: "lateral gray matter of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256536] synonym: "lateral horn of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256536] synonym: "spinal cord intermediate horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2666] synonym: "spinal cord lateral horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2666] xref: FMA:256536 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Gray675.png xref: ncithesaurus:Lateral_Horn_of_the_Spinal_Cord xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2666 xref: UMLS:C0228582 is_a: UBERON:0002315 {source="FMA"} ! gray matter of spinal cord relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0002315 {source="FMA-abduced-lr"} ! gray matter of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0004677 name: spinal cord gray commissure namespace: uberon def: "The gray commissure is a thin strip of gray matter that surrounds the central canal of the spinal cord and, along with the anterior white commissure, connects the two halves of the cord. It comprises lamina X in the Rexed classification." [Wikipedia:Gray_commissure] synonym: "commissura grisea anaterior medullae spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gray_commissure] synonym: "commissura grisea posterior medulla spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gray_commissure] synonym: "gray commissure of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77036] synonym: "spinal cord gray commissure" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2669] synonym: "spinal cord grey commissure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:77036 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Medulla_spinalis_-_Substantia_grisea_-_English.svg xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2669 xref: SCTID:362427009 is_a: UBERON:0001020 {notes="check-me"} ! commissure is_a: UBERON:0002315 {source="FMA"} ! gray matter of spinal cord is_a: UBERON:0008882 {is_inferred="true"} ! spinal cord commissure [Term] id: UBERON:0004678 name: apex of spinal cord dorsal horn namespace: uberon synonym: "apex cornu posterioris medullae spinalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:256700, FMA:TA] synonym: "apex of dorsal gray column" EXACT [FMA:256700] synonym: "apex of dorsal gray column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256700] synonym: "apex of dorsal horn of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256700] synonym: "apex of posterior horn of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256700] synonym: "apex of spinal cord dorsal horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2670] synonym: "apex of spinal cord posterior horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2670] xref: FMA:256700 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2670 is_a: UBERON:0002315 ! gray matter of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0004679 name: dentate gyrus molecular layer namespace: uberon synonym: "dentate gyrus molecular layer" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4127] synonym: "molecular layer of dentate gyrus" EXACT [FMA:83677] xref: FMA:83677 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4127 is_a: UBERON:0002304 ! layer of dentate gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001885 ! dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation [Term] id: UBERON:0004680 name: body of fornix namespace: uberon def: "The columns (anterior pillars; fornicolumns) of the fornix arch downward in front of the interventricular foramen and behind the anterior commissure, and each descends through the gray substance in the lateral wall of the third ventricle to the base of the brain, where it ends in the corpus mammillare. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Columns_of_fornix] synonym: "body of fornix" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_739] synonym: "body of fornix of forebrain" EXACT [FMA:61968] synonym: "column of fornix" EXACT [FMA:61968] synonym: "columna fornicis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61968, FMA:TA] synonym: "columna fornicis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Columns_of_fornix] synonym: "columns of fornix" EXACT [Wikipedia:Columns_of_fornix] synonym: "fornix body" EXACT [FMA:61968] xref: FMA:61968 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Gray747.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Gray747.png/200px-Gray747.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_739 xref: SCTID:369117006 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0002780 ! regional part of forebrain is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0004682 name: corona radiata namespace: uberon def: "For the structure in embryology, see Corona radiata (embryology) In neuroanatomy, the corona radiata is a white matter sheet that continues caudally as the internal capsule and rostrally as the centrum semiovale. This sheet of axons contains both descending and ascending axons that carry nearly all of the neural traffic from and to the cerebral cortex. The corona radiata is associated with the corticospinal tract, the corticopontine tract, and the corticobulbar tract. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Corona_radiata] synonym: "corona radiata" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090903] xref: FMA:18661 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Gray745.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Gray745.png/200px-Gray745.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090903 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon is_a: UBERON:0011299 {is_inferred="true"} ! white matter of telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0004683 name: parasubiculum namespace: uberon synonym: "parasubicular area" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_091002] synonym: "parasubiculum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_091002] xref: ABA:PAR xref: BM:Tel-Cx-PASB xref: FMA:77604 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_091002 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001953 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002191 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002728 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004684 name: raphe nuclei namespace: uberon def: "Thin plates of cells in and immediately adjacent to the sagittal plane[NIF]. A moderate-size cluster of nuclei found in the brain stem. Their main function is to release serotonin to the rest of the brain. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants are believed to act in these nuclei, as well as at their targets. The raphe nuclei are traditionally considered to be the medial portion of the reticular formation, and they appear as a ridge of cells in the center and most medial portion of the brain stem." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3248146&group_id=36855&atid=440764, NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090205, Wikipedia:Raphe_nuclei] comment: we treat NR obscurus, NR magnus etc as parts of the raphe nuclei. This is consistent with treatment in FMA, where the class is 'set of raphe nuclei' subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "nuclei raphes" EXACT LATIN [FMA:84017, FMA:TA] synonym: "nuclei raphes" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Raphe_nuclei] synonym: "raphe cluster" RELATED [Wikipedia:Raphe_nuclei] synonym: "raphe nuclei" EXACT [FMA:84017] synonym: "raphe nuclei" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090205] synonym: "raphe nuclei set" EXACT [FMA:84017] synonym: "raphe nucleus" RELATED [ZFA:0001429] synonym: "set of raphe nuclei" RELATED [FMA:84017] xref: FMA:84017 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Gray694.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Gray694.png/200px-Gray694.png xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.659.632 xref: ncithesaurus:Raphe_Nuclei xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090205 xref: TAO:0001429 xref: UMLS:C0034671 xref: ZFA:0001429 is_a: UBERON:0000073 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002275 {source="GO", source="Wikipedia"} ! reticular formation [Term] id: UBERON:0004685 name: middle temporal area namespace: uberon synonym: "middle temporal area" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090308] synonym: "middle temporal area" EXACT [FMA:68618] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Brodmann_area_21.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Brodmann_area_21.png/200px-Brodmann_area_21.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090308 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0004703 name: dorsal thalamus namespace: uberon comment: MA and ZFA think there is a distinct dorsal thalamus, but FMA says its an exact synonym. TODO. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8167659 subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dorsal thalamus" RELATED [FMA:62007] synonym: "thalamus, pars dorsalis" EXACT [ZFA:0000653] xref: BM:Die-Th xref: EHDAA2:0000692 xref: MA:0000180 xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Thalamus xref: TAO:0000653 xref: ZFA:0000653 is_a: UBERON:0002730 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0004714 name: septum pellucidum namespace: uberon def: "The septum pellucidum is made up of two thin sheets of mostly glial-like elements that abut each other in the midline and have a potential space between them. Those sheets also separate the left and right lateral ventricles from each other. At the base of the sheets rostrally, however, are the septal nuclei, which are important components of the limbic system.a thin, triangular, vertical membrane separating the lateral ventricles of the brain. It separates the anterior horn of the left and right lateral ventricles. It runs as a sheet from the corpus callosum down to the fornix. When the hemispheres are cut apart, the septum remains on one hemisphere, usually the left. The septum pellucidum is implicated in pleasure, mood, rage, sexual gratification and more. Lesions of the septum lead to sham rage. Stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle (primary efferent of the septum) restores normal behavior." [BTO:0003448, Wikipedia:Septum_pellucidum] synonym: "pellucidum" RELATED [BTO:0003448] synonym: "septum lucidum" RELATED [BTO:0003448] synonym: "supracommissural septum" EXACT [FMA:61844] xref: BTO:0003448 xref: FMA:61844 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray732.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray732.png/200px-Gray732.png xref: MA:0002979 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.276.814 xref: ncithesaurus:Septum_Pellucidum xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1315 xref: SCTID:362313003 xref: UMLS:C0036700 xref: Wikipedia:Septum_pellucidum is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000446 ! septum of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0004717 name: Brodmann (1909) area 29 namespace: uberon def: "Brodmann area 29, also known as granular retrolimbic area 29 or granular retrosplenial cortex, is a cytoarchitecturally defined portion of the retrosplenial region of the cerebral cortex. In the human it is a narrow band located in the isthmus of cingulate gyrus. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded internally by the ectosplenial area 26 and externally by the agranular retrolimbic area 30 (Brodmann-1909)." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_29] synonym: "area 29 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68626] synonym: "area 29 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1763] synonym: "Area retrolimbica granularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1763] synonym: "B09-29" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1763] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 29" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1763] synonym: "Brodmann area 29" EXACT [FMA:68626] synonym: "Brodmann area 29, granular retrolimbic" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1763] synonym: "brodmann's area 29" EXACT [FMA:68626] synonym: "granular retrolimbic area 29" RELATED [BTO:0003978, Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_29] xref: BTO:0003978 xref: FMA:68626 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1763 xref: Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_29 is_a: UBERON:0013529 {source="FMA"} ! Brodmann area property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "A cytoarchitecturally defined portion of the retrosplenial region of the cerebral cortex. In the human it is a narrow band located in the isthmus of cingulate gyrus. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded internally by the ectosplenial area 26 and externally by the agranular retrolimbic area 30[BTO:0003978]." xsd:string {source="BTO:0003978"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004718 name: Brodmann (1909) area 26 namespace: uberon def: "." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_26] synonym: "area 26 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68623] synonym: "area 26 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1757] synonym: "Area ectosplenialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1757] synonym: "B09-26" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1757] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 26" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1757] synonym: "Brodmann area 26" EXACT [FMA:68623] synonym: "Brodmann area 26, ectosplenial" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1757] synonym: "ectosplenial area" EXACT [FMA:68623] synonym: "ectosplenial area 26" RELATED [BTO:0003979, Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_26] xref: BTO:0003979 xref: FMA:68623 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1757 xref: Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_26 is_a: UBERON:0013529 {source="FMA"} ! Brodmann area property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "In the human this area is called ectosplenial area 26. It is a cytoarchitecturally defined portion of the retrosplenial region of the cerebral cortex. It is a narrow band located in the isthmus of cingulate gyrus adjacent to the fasciolar gyrus internally. It is bounded externally by the granular retrolimbic area 29[BTO:0003979]." xsd:string {source="BTO:0003979"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004720 name: cerebellar vermis namespace: uberon def: "Part of the structure of animal brains, the cerebellar vermis is a narrow, wormlike structure between the hemispheres of the cerebellum." [Wikipedia:Cerebellar_vermis] synonym: "cerebellum vermis" EXACT [FMA:76928] synonym: "vermal parts of the cerebellum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1175] synonym: "vermal regions" EXACT [ABA:VERM] synonym: "vermis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cerebellar_vermis] synonym: "vermis cerebelli" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cerebellar_vermis] synonym: "vermis cerebelli [i-x]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:76928, FMA:TA] synonym: "vermis of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:76928] synonym: "vermis of cerebellum [i-x]" EXACT [FMA:76928] xref: ABA:VERM xref: EV:0100298 xref: FMA:76928 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/CerebellumDiv.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/CerebellumDiv.png/200px-CerebellumDiv.png xref: MA:0000202 xref: ncithesaurus:Vermis xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1175 xref: SCTID:279105006 xref: UMLS:C0228482 is_a: UBERON:0002749 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of cerebellar cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 {source="ABA"} ! cerebellar cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0004725 name: piriform cortex namespace: uberon def: "In anatomy of animals, the piriform cortex, or pyriform cortex is a region in the brain. The piriform cortex is part of the rhinencephalon situated in the telencephalon. The function of the piriform cortex relates to olfaction, which is the perception of smells. Sometimes called the olfactory cortex, olfactory lobe or paleopallium, piriform cortical regions are present in the brains of amphibians, reptiles and mammals. The piriform cortex is among three areas that emerge in the telencephalon of amphibians, situated caudally to a dorsal area, which is caudal to a hippocampal area. Farther along the phylogenic timeline, the telencephalic bulb of reptiles as viewed in a cross section of the transverse plane extends with the archipallial hippocampus folding toward the midline and down as the dorsal area begins to form a recognizable cortex. As mammalian cerebrums developed, volume of the dorsal cortex increased in slightly greater proportion, as compared proportionally with increased overall brain volume, until it enveloped the hippocampal regions. Recognized as neopallium or neocortex, enlarged dorsal areas envelop the paleopallial piriform cortex in humans and Old World monkeys. Among taxonomic groupings of mammals, the piriform cortex and the olfactory bulb become proportionally smaller in the brains of phylogenically younger species. The piriform cortex occupies a greater proportion of the overall brain and of the telencephalic brains of insectivores than in primates. The piriform cortex continues to occupy a consistent albeit small and declining proportion of the increasingly large telencephalon in the most recent primate species while the volume of the olfactory bulb becomes less in proportion. It is Brodmann area 27." [Wikipedia:Piriform_cortex] synonym: "cortex piriformis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Piriform_cortex] synonym: "piriform area" RELATED [BTO:0002651, MA:0000978] synonym: "piriform lobe" RELATED [BTO:0002651] synonym: "primary olfactory areas" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2706] synonym: "primary olfactory cortex" RELATED INCONSISTENT [Wikipedia:Piriform_cortex] synonym: "pyriform cortex" RELATED [Wikipedia:Piriform_cortex] synonym: "pyriform lobe" RELATED [Wikipedia:Piriform_cortex] xref: BTO:0002651 xref: EV:0100178 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG/200px-Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG xref: MA:0000978 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1097 xref: SCTID:369098004 xref: Wikipedia:Piriform_cortex is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002894 ! olfactory cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0004727 name: cochlear nerve namespace: uberon def: "a nerve in the head that carries signals from the cochlea of the inner ear to the brain. It is part of the vestibulocochlear nerve, the 8th cranial nerve which is found in higher vertebrates; the other portion of the 8th cranial nerve is the vestibular nerve which carries spatial orientation information from the semicircular canals. The cochlear nerve is a sensory nerve, one which conducts to the brain information about the environment, in this case acoustic energy impinging on the tympanic membrane. The cochlear nerve arises from within the cochlea and extends to the brainstem, where its fibers make contact with the cochlear nucleus, the next stage of neural processing in the auditory system[WP]." [ISBN:Wikipedia\:Cochlear_nerve] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "auditory nerve" EXACT [FMA:53431] synonym: "cochlear component" BROAD [] synonym: "cochlear root of acoustic nerve" EXACT [FMA:53431] synonym: "cochlear root of eighth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:53431] synonym: "nervus vestibulocochlearis" RELATED [BTO:0003490] synonym: "vestibulocochlear VIII nerve cochlear component" EXACT [MA:0001110] xref: BM:VIIIN xref: BTO:0003490 xref: EHDAA2:0002195 xref: FMA:53431 xref: GAID:723 xref: MA:0001110 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.910.120 xref: ncithesaurus:Cochlear_Nerve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwIhQfZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:280286001 xref: UMLS:C0009201 xref: VHOG:0001182 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001648 ! vestibulocochlear nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0004731 name: neuromere namespace: uberon def: "A segment of the developing neural tube[MP]. A metameric segment of the central nervous system[ZFA]. morphologically or molecularly defined transient segments of the early developing brain. Rhombomeres are such segments that make up the rhombencephalon or hindbrain. [WP]." [MP:0003208, Wikipedia:Neuromere] comment: WP says: "More controversially, some argue that there exist early developmental segments that give rise to structures of the midbrain (mesomeres) and forebrain (prosomeres).". Note that ZFA has spinal neuromere synonym: "neural segment" EXACT [] synonym: "neural tube segment" EXACT [] synonym: "neuromere" EXACT [] synonym: "neuromeres" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0001328] xref: TAO:0001328 xref: ZFA:0001328 intersection_of: UBERON:0004732 ! segmental subdivision of nervous system intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "A metameric segment of the central nervous system.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001328", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} created_by: Melissa Haendel creation_date: 2009-06-18T09:00:04Z [Term] id: UBERON:0004732 name: segmental subdivision of nervous system namespace: uberon def: "An organ segment that is part of a nervous system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Editor note: revisit this after CARO is revised and/or we have defined metameric segment synonym: "neuromere" RELATED [FBbt:00005140] xref: FBbt:00005140 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure [Term] id: UBERON:0004733 name: segmental subdivision of hindbrain namespace: uberon def: "An organ segment that is part of a hindbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindbrain segment" EXACT [FMA:61998] synonym: "segment of hindbrain" EXACT [FMA:61998] xref: FMA:61998 is_a: UBERON:0004732 {is_inferred="true"} ! segmental subdivision of nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0004863 name: thoracic sympathetic nerve trunk namespace: uberon def: "A sympathetic nerve trunk that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve trunk of sympathetic nervous system of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve trunk of sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sympathetic nerve trunk of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sympathetic nervous system nerve trunk of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thoracic part of sympathetic trunk" EXACT [FMA:6262] synonym: "thoracic sympathetic chain" EXACT [FMA:6262] synonym: "thoracic sympathetic trunk" RELATED [FMA:6262] synonym: "thorax nerve trunk of sympathetic nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thorax nerve trunk of sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thorax sympathetic nerve trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thorax sympathetic nervous system nerve trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:6262 xref: MA:0001165 xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracic_Sympathetic_Nerve_Trunk xref: UMLS:C1710393 [Term] id: UBERON:0004869 name: parietal organ namespace: uberon def: "A part of the epithalamus present in some animal species. The eye may be photoreceptive and is usually associated with the pineal gland, regulating circadian rhythmicity and hormone production for thermoregulation. The parietal eye is a part of the epithalamus, which can be divided into two major parts; the epiphysis (the pineal organ, or pineal gland if mostly endocrine) and the parietal organ (often called the parietal eye, or third eye if it is photoreceptive). It arises as an anterior evagination of the pineal organ or as a separate outgrowth of the roof of the diencephalon. In some species, it protrudes through the skull.[4] The parietal eye uses a different biochemical method of detecting light than rod cells or cone cells in a normal vertebrate eye[WP]." [Wikipedia:Parietal_eye] synonym: "parietal eye" EXACT [Wikipedia:Parietal_eye] synonym: "third eye" RELATED [Wikipedia:Parietal_eye] is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001899 ! epithalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0004904 name: nerve connecting eye with brain namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that connects the eye to the brain and carries the impulses formed by the retina to the visual cortex of the brain[BTO]." [BTO:0000966] comment: for the vertebrate-specific structure, see UBERON:0000941 (cranial nerve II) subset: grouping_class synonym: "optic nerve" BROAD [BTO:0000966] synonym: "optic nerve (generic)" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000966 xref: EV:0100351 xref: FBbt:00001956 xref: TADS:0000232 [Term] id: UBERON:0004922 name: postnatal subventricular zone namespace: uberon def: "A mitotically active layer of cells surrounding the brain ventricles in the adult that consists of migrating neuroblasts, astrocytes and transitory amplifying progenitor cells[MP]. a paired brain structure situated throughout the lateral walls of the lateral ventricles. It has been associated with having four distinct layers of variable thickness and cell density, as well as cellular composition[WP]." [Wikipedia:Subventricular_zone] comment: Structure notes: WP divides this into 4 layers. synonym: "adult subventricular zone" EXACT [MP:0004275] synonym: "brain subventricular zone" EXACT [MA:0000817] synonym: "postnatal subventricular zone" EXACT [MP:0004275] synonym: "subependymal layer" RELATED [MP:0004275] synonym: "subependymal plate" RELATED [MP:0004275] synonym: "subependymal zone" RELATED [MP:0004275] synonym: "subventricular zone" EXACT [MA:0000817] synonym: "subventricular zone of brain" EXACT [] synonym: "SVZ" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] xref: BTO:0003090 xref: MA:0000817 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004023 ! ganglionic eminence relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 {source="GO"} ! forebrain property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The subventricular zone (SVZ) is a paired brain structure situated throughout the lateral walls of the lateral ventricles. Along with the subgranular zone of dentate gyrus, subventricular zone serves as a source of neural stem cells in the process of adult neurogenesis. It harbors the largest population of proliferating cells in the adult brain of rodents, monkeys and humans. Neurons generated in SVZ travel to the olfactory bulb via the rostral migratory stream[BTO:0003090]." xsd:string {source="BTO:0003090"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005053 name: nerve cord namespace: uberon subset: dubious_grouping xref: BILA:0000136 xref: BTO:0001656 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0005054 name: dorsal nerve cord namespace: uberon def: "The dorsal tubular cord of nervous tissue above the notochord of a chordate that comprises or develops into the central nervous system[BTO]. The nerve cord of chordates develops dorsally in the body as a hollow tube above the notochord. In most species it differentiates in embryogeny into the brain anteriorly and spinal cord that runs through the trunk and tail. Together the brain and spinal cord are the central nervous system to which peripheral sensory and motor nerves connect[TOL]. The dorsal nerve cord is one of the embryonic features unique to chordates, along with a notochord, a post-anal tail and pharyngeal slits. The dorsal nerve cord is a hollow cord dorsal to the notochord. It is formed from a part of the ectoderm that rolls, forming the hollow tube, compared to other animal phyla, which have solid, ventral tubes. The dorsal nerve cord is later modified into the brain and spinal cord. Dorsal nerve cord is mainly found in phylum Vertebrata[WP]." [BTO:0002329, http://tolweb.org/Chordata/2499, Wikipedia:Dorsal_nerve_cord] xref: BTO:0002329 is_a: UBERON:0005053 ! nerve cord [Term] id: UBERON:0005069 name: neural fold hinge point namespace: uberon def: "The median hinge point extends for the entire length of the neural tube, and the lateral hinge points do not form in the spinal cord region of the neural tube[GO]." [GO:0021504] is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube [Term] id: UBERON:0005070 name: anterior neuropore namespace: uberon def: "The anterior neuropore appears before the process of neural tube closure is complete[GO]." [GO:0021506] comment: GO def of anterior neuropore closure is: The joining together of the neural folds of the rostral opening of the neural tube synonym: "cephalic neuropore" EXACT [SCTID:361478000] synonym: "cranial neuropore" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "rostral neuropore" EXACT [EMAPA:16523] xref: EHDAA2:0004203 xref: EMAPA:16523 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001768 xref: SCTID:361478000 xref: VHOG:0000768 is_a: UBERON:0005077 ! neuropore property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Anterior site of neural tube closure. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.378, see_Kardong_KV][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000768", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005071 name: posterior neuropore namespace: uberon def: "The posterior neuropore appears before the process of neural tube closure is complete[GO]." [GO:0021507] synonym: "caudal neuropore" EXACT [EMAPA:16526] xref: EHDAA2:0000676 xref: EHDAA:900 xref: EMAPA:16526 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000223 xref: SCTID:361479008 xref: VHOG:0000769 is_a: UBERON:0005077 ! neuropore property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Posterior site of neural tube closure. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.378, see_Kardong_KV][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000769", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005073 name: preganglionic parasympathetic nervous system namespace: uberon is_a: UBERON:0000011 ! parasympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0005074 name: postganglionic parasympathetic nervous system namespace: uberon is_a: UBERON:0000011 ! parasympathetic nervous system relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005073 ! preganglionic parasympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0005077 name: neuropore namespace: uberon def: "Joined neural folds at either end of the neural tube.[GO]." [GO:0021995] xref: SCTID:360408007 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube [Term] id: UBERON:0005158 name: parenchyma of central nervous system namespace: uberon def: "A parenchyma that is part of a central nervous system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "central nervous system parenchyma" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "CNS parenchyma" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "parenchyma of central nervous system" EXACT [] synonym: "parenchyma of CNS" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure [Term] id: UBERON:0005159 name: pyramid of medulla oblongata namespace: uberon def: "The anterior or ventral portion of the medulla oblongata is named the pyramid and lies between the anterior median fissure and the antero-lateral sulcus. Its upper end is slightly constricted, and between it and the pons the fibers of the abducent nerve emerge; a little below the pons it becomes enlarged and prominent, and finally tapers into the anterior funiculus of the medulla spinalis, with which, at first sight, it appears to be directly continuous[WP]." [Wikipedia:Pyramid_(brainstem)] synonym: "lobule VIII of Larsell" EXACT [FMA:75254] synonym: "medullary pyramid" EXACT [FMA:75254] synonym: "pyramid of medulla" EXACT [FMA:75254] synonym: "pyramid of medulla oblongata" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pyramid_(brainstem)] xref: BM:Me-Py xref: FMA:75254 xref: SCTID:9535007 is_a: UBERON:0002678 ! regional part of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0005197 name: segmental spinal nerve namespace: uberon comment: todo - check synonym: "cervical segmental spinal nerves C1-7" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001822] xref: EHDAA2:0001822 xref: EHDAA:3778 xref: EMAPA:16990 xref: EMAPA:25149 xref: MA:0000234 xref: VHOG:0000920 is_a: UBERON:0001780 {source="MA"} ! spinal nerve relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000044 {source="EHDAA2"} ! dorsal root ganglion relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001806 {source="EHDAA2"} ! sympathetic ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0005206 name: choroid plexus stroma namespace: uberon def: "A stroma that is part of a choroid plexus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000825 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure [Term] id: UBERON:0005217 name: midbrain subarachnoid space namespace: uberon def: "A subarachnoid space that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "subarachnoid space mesencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0001304] synonym: "subarachnoid space midbrain" EXACT [VHOG:0001304] xref: EMAPA:19055 xref: VHOG:0001304 property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Subarachnoid space that is part of the midbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001304", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005218 name: diencephalon subarachnoid space namespace: uberon def: "A subarachnoid space that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "subarachnoid space diencephalon" EXACT [VHOG:0001302] xref: EMAPA:25079 xref: VHOG:0001302 property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Subarachnoid space that is part of the diencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001302", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005219 name: hindbrain subarachnoid space namespace: uberon def: "A subarachnoid space that is part of a hindbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "subarachnoid space hindbrain" EXACT [VHOG:0001303] synonym: "subarachnoid space rhombencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0001303] xref: EMAPA:18211 xref: VHOG:0001303 property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Subarachnoid space that is part of the hindbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001303", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005239 name: basal plate metencephalon namespace: uberon synonym: "metencephalon basal plate" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001154] xref: EHDAA2:0001154 xref: EMAPA:17078 xref: VHOG:0000320 is_a: UBERON:0004064 ! neural tube basal plate property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The ventral half of the developing neural tube that is the metencephalon. [Chordate_evolution_and_the_origin_of_craniates:_An_old_brain_in_a_new_head._AnaT_Rec_(New_Anat)_(2000)_261(3):_111-125, See_Butler_AB][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000320", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005240 name: basal plate medulla oblongata namespace: uberon synonym: "medulla oblongata basal plate" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001093] xref: EHDAA2:0001093 xref: EMAPA:17557 xref: VHOG:0000324 is_a: UBERON:0004064 ! neural tube basal plate property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The ventral half of the developing neural tube that is the medulla oblongata. [Chordate_evolution_and_the_origin_of_craniates:_An_old_brain_in_a_new_head._AnaT_Rec_(New_Anat)_(2000)_261(3):_111-125, See_Butler_AB][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000324", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005281 name: ventricular system of central nervous system namespace: uberon def: "a set of structures containing cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. It is continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord[WP]." [Wikipedia:Ventricular_system] comment: todo - resolve space vs structure conflation. We follow FMA in making this and the various ventricles a structure - it follows from this that strutures such as the tela choroidea and choroid plexuses can be part of the ventricles and ventricular system. Note: see also the class 'neuraxis cavity' subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "CNS ventricular system" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004362] synonym: "ventricle system" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ventricular_system] synonym: "ventricular system" EXACT [ZFA:0001261] synonym: "ventricular system of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:242675] synonym: "ventriculi cerebri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ventricular_system] xref: EFO:0003650 xref: EHDAA2:0004362 xref: EV:0100306 xref: FMA:242675 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Gray734.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gray734.png/200px-Gray734.png xref: TAO:0001261 xref: ZFA:0001261 is_a: UBERON:0000467 {source="ZFA"} ! anatomical system is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0005282 name: ventricular system of brain namespace: uberon synonym: "brain ventricular system" EXACT [VHOG:0000005] xref: FMA:242787 xref: VHOG:0000005 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0005281 ! ventricular system of central nervous system property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000005", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0878932504 Gilbert SF, Developmental Biology (2006) p.381-382, ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.500", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005283 name: tela choroidea namespace: uberon def: "A structure found in the walls of the ventricles of the brain, consisting of part of the meninges (pia mater in mammals) plus ependyma[cjm]." [http://isc.temple.edu/neuroanatomy/lab/embryo_new/choroid/, ISBN10:0471888893, Wikipedia:Tela_chorioidea] comment: Vascularized tela choroidea is choroid plexus. AO notes: Note that the structure in ZFA may be different. subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "tela chorioidea" RELATED [FMA:242849] xref: FMA:242849 xref: TAO:0000447 xref: ZFA:0000447 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus relationship: overlaps UBERON:0010743 ! meningeal cluster relationship: part_of UBERON:0005358 {source="FMA"} ! ventricle of nervous system property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Portion of tissue that is part of the primitive meninx which forms a fold, roofing a ventricle of the brain and supporting the choroid plexus[ZFA:0000447]." xsd:string {source="ZFA:0000447"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005284 name: brain vasculature namespace: uberon def: "A vasculature that is part of a brain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "vasculature of brain" EXACT [FMA:242007] xref: EFO:0003491 xref: FMA:242007 xref: TAO:0000099 xref: ZFA:0000099 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure [Term] id: UBERON:0005286 name: tela choroidea of midbrain cerebral aqueduct namespace: uberon def: "Tela choroidea that lines the tectal ventricle." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "tela chorioidea tectal ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0005157] synonym: "tela choroidea of cerebral aqueduct" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "tela choroidea tectal ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0005157] xref: TAO:0005157 xref: ZFA:0005157 is_a: UBERON:0005283 ! tela choroidea intersection_of: UBERON:0005283 ! tela choroidea intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002289 ! midbrain cerebral aqueduct property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Tela chorioidea that lines the tectal ventricle.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005157", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005287 name: tela choroidea of fourth ventricle namespace: uberon def: "Tela chorioidea that lines the fourth ventricle[ZFA]. The tela chorioidea of the fourth ventricle is the name applied to the triangular fold of pia mater which is carried upward between the cerebellum and the medulla oblongata. It consists of two layers, which are continuous with each other in front, and are more or less adherent throughout: The posterior layer covers the antero-inferior surface of the cerebellum. The anterior layer is applied to the structures which form the lower part of the roof of the ventricle, and is continuous inferiorly with the pia mater on the inferior peduncles and closed part of the medulla[WP]." [Wikipedia:Tela_chorioidea_of_fourth_ventricle, ZFIN:curator] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "choroid membrane" EXACT [FMA:78493] synonym: "choroid membrane of fourth ventricle" EXACT [FMA:78493] synonym: "tela chorioidea fourth ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "tela choroidea" BROAD [FMA:78493, FMA:TA] synonym: "tela choroidea fourth ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "tela choroidea of fourth ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "tela choroidea ventriculi quarti" EXACT LATIN [FMA:78493, FMA:TA] synonym: "tela choroidea ventriculi quarti" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tela_chorioidea_of_fourth_ventricle] xref: FMA:78493 xref: SCTID:362321009 xref: TAO:0005158 xref: ZFA:0005158 is_a: UBERON:0005283 ! tela choroidea intersection_of: UBERON:0005283 ! tela choroidea intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Tela chorioidea that lines the fourth ventricle.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005158", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005288 name: tela choroidea of third ventricle namespace: uberon def: "Tela chorioidea that lines the third ventricle[ZFA]. The part of the choroid plexus in relation to the body of the ventricle forms the vascular fringed margin of a triangular process of pia mater, named the tela chorioidea of the third ventricle, and projects from under cover of the lateral edge of the fornix. Blood is supplied by branches from the superior cerebellar artery[WP]." [Wikipedia:Tela_chorioidea_of_third_ventricle, ZFIN:curator] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "choroid membrane of third ventricle" EXACT [FMA:78463] synonym: "tela chorioidea of third ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "tela chorioidea third ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0005159] synonym: "tela choroidea third ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "tela choroidea ventriculi tertii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:78463, FMA:TA] synonym: "tela choroidea ventriculi tertii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tela_chorioidea_of_third_ventricle] xref: FMA:78463 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Gray723.png xref: SCTID:362320005 xref: TAO:0005159 xref: ZFA:0005159 is_a: UBERON:0005283 ! tela choroidea intersection_of: UBERON:0005283 ! tela choroidea intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Tela chorioidea that lines the third ventricle.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005159", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005289 name: tela choroidea of telencephalic ventricle namespace: uberon def: "Tela chorioidea that lines the telencephalic ventricle." [ZFIN:curator] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "tela chorioidea of lateral ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "tela chorioidea of telencephalic ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "tela chorioidea telencephalic ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0005160] synonym: "tela choroidea of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:83712] synonym: "tela choroidea telencephalic ventricle" EXACT [] xref: FMA:83712 xref: SCTID:362319004 xref: TAO:0005160 xref: ZFA:0005160 is_a: UBERON:0005283 ! tela choroidea intersection_of: UBERON:0005283 ! tela choroidea intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0005290 name: myelencephalon namespace: uberon def: "The posterior part of the developing vertebrate hindbrain or the corresponding part of the adult brain composed of the medulla oblongata and a portion of the fourth ventricle; as well as the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX), vagus nerve (CN X), accessory nerve (CN XI), hypoglossal nerve (CN XII), and a portion of the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII).[BTO,WP]." [BTO:0000758, Wikipedia:Myelencephalon] comment: the terms metencephalon and myelencephalon are only meaningful in mammals and birds - Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain. Note that its not clear if this refers to the developing medulla oblongata - MA (adult) has two distinct classes subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0000758 xref: EHDAA2:0001207 xref: EHDAA:5526 xref: EMAPA:17082 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg/200px-EmbryonicBrain.svg.png xref: MA:0000205 xref: VHOG:0000456 is_a: UBERON:0004733 {is_inferred="true"} ! segmental subdivision of hindbrain relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010096 {evidence="definitional"} ! future myelencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:7955 property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The posterior of the two brain vesicles formed by specialization of the rhombencephalon in the developing embryo, it comprises the medulla oblongata. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000456", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/myelencephalon"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000456", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0878932504 Gilbert SF, Developmental Biology (2006) p.381-382, ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.500", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005293 name: cerebellum lobe namespace: uberon synonym: "cerebellar lobe" EXACT [FMA:242392] synonym: "lobe of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:242392] synonym: "lobe parts of the cerebellar cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1076] xref: FMA:242392 xref: MA:0002963 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1076 xref: SCTID:263971006 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0005303 name: hypogastric nerve namespace: uberon def: "the transition between the superior hypogastric plexus and the inferior hypogastric plexus." [Wikipedia:Hypogastric_nerve] comment: check plexus vs nerve. WP indicates it is a 'transition' synonym: "hypogastric nerve plexus" EXACT [MA:0001140] synonym: "hypogastric plexus" EXACT [EMAPA:18225] synonym: "nervus hypogastricus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hypogastric_nerve] xref: EMAPA:18225 xref: FMA:77596 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray847.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Gray847.png/200px-Gray847.png xref: MA:0001140 xref: MESH:A08.800.050.050.400 xref: ncithesaurus:Hypogastric_Nerve_Plexus xref: SCTID:181061006 xref: UMLS:C1711378 is_a: UBERON:0001816 ! autonomic nerve plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0005304 name: submucous nerve plexus namespace: uberon def: "The nerves of the small intestines are derived from the plexuses of parasympathetic nerves around the superior mesenteric artery. From this source they run to the myenteric plexus of nerves and ganglia situated between the circular muscular fibers and the mucosal cells. From this a secondary plexus, the plexus of the submucosa (Meissner's plexus, Submucous plexus, submucosal plexus) is derived, and it is formed by branches that have perforated the circular muscular fibers. This plexus lies in the submucous coat of the intestine; it also contains ganglia from which nerve fibers pass to the muscularis mucosae and to the mucous membrane. The nerve bundles of the submucous plexus are finer than those of the myenteric plexus. Its function is to innervate cells in the epithelial layer and the smooth muscle of the[WP]." [Wikipedia:Meissner's_plexus] comment: AO notes: in FMA this is part of the esophagus, duodenum and intestine; this violates part-disjointness axioms in uberon synonym: "Henle's plexus" RELATED [MA:0001149] synonym: "Meissner's plexus" RELATED [HP:0002251, MA:0001149] synonym: "meissner's plexus" RELATED [MA:0001149] synonym: "submucosal nerve plexus" EXACT [FMA:21542, Wikipedia:Meissner's_plexus] xref: FMA:21542 xref: GAID:801 xref: MA:0001149 xref: MESH:A08.800.050.050.850 xref: ncithesaurus:Submucous_Nerve_Plexus xref: SCTID:322349001 xref: UMLS:C0038564 is_a: UBERON:0000429 ! enteric plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0005340 name: dorsal telencephalic commissure namespace: uberon def: "the fiber tracts that connect the dorsal region of the two cerebral hemispheres and span the longitudinal fissure, including the corpus callosum and hippocampal commissure[MP]." [MP:0008219] synonym: "dorsal commissure" EXACT [MP:0008219] is_a: UBERON:0001020 ! commissure [Term] id: UBERON:0005341 name: ventral commissure namespace: uberon def: "the fiber tracts that connect the ventral region of the two cerebral hemispheres and span the longitudinal fissure, including the anterior and the habenular commissures[MP]." [MP:0008220] is_a: UBERON:0001020 ! commissure [Term] id: UBERON:0005343 name: cortical plate namespace: uberon def: "the outer neural tube region in which post-mitotic neuroblasts migrate along radial glia to form the adult cortical layers[MP]." [MP:0008439] xref: ABA:CTXpl is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube [Term] id: UBERON:0005345 name: cerebellum vermis lobule VIIa namespace: uberon def: "." [MP:0009998] synonym: "vermic lobule VIIA" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081231] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081231 is_a: UBERON:0004081 {source="NIF"} ! cerebellum vermis lobule VII [Term] id: UBERON:0005346 name: cerebellum vermis lobule VIIb namespace: uberon def: "." [MP:0009999] is_a: UBERON:0004081 {source="NIF"} ! cerebellum vermis lobule VII [Term] id: UBERON:0005347 name: copula pyramidis namespace: uberon def: ".[MP]." [MP:0010000] xref: ABA:COPY is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004003 ! cerebellum hemisphere lobule property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001063 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005348 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005349 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005350 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005351 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005348 name: ansiform lobule namespace: uberon def: ".[MP]." [MP:0010001] synonym: "ansiform lobule of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72257] synonym: "ansiform lobule of cerebellum [h vii a]" EXACT [FMA:72257] synonym: "lobuli semilunares cerebelli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72257, FMA:TA] synonym: "lobulus ansiformis cerebelli [h vii a]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72257, FMA:TA] synonym: "semilunar lobules of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72257] xref: ABA:AN xref: FMA:72257 is_a: UBERON:0004003 ! cerebellum hemisphere lobule property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001063 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005347 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005349 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005350 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005351 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005349 name: paramedian lobule namespace: uberon def: ".[MP]." [MP:0010004] synonym: "gracile lobule" EXACT [FMA:72523] synonym: "hemispheric lobule VIIBii" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081210] synonym: "lobulus gracilis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081210] synonym: "lobulus paramedianus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081210] synonym: "lobulus paramedianus [h vii b]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72523, FMA:TA] synonym: "paramedian 1 (hvii)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081210] synonym: "paramedian lobule [H VII B]" EXACT [FMA:72523] xref: ABA:PRM xref: FMA:72523 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081210 is_a: UBERON:0004003 ! cerebellum hemisphere lobule property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001063 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005347 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005348 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005350 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005351 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005350 name: lobule simplex namespace: uberon def: ".[MP]." [MP:0010005] synonym: "hemispheric lobule VI" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081206] synonym: "lobule h vi of larsell" EXACT [FMA:72522] synonym: "lobulus quadrangularis posterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081206] synonym: "lobulus simplex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081206] synonym: "lobulus simplex cerebelli [h vi et vi]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72522, FMA:TA] synonym: "posterior crescentic lobule of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72522] synonym: "semilunar lobule-1 (posterior)" EXACT [FMA:72522] synonym: "simple lobule" EXACT [MP:0010005] synonym: "simple lobule of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72522] synonym: "simple lobule of cerebellum [h vi and vi]" EXACT [FMA:72522] synonym: "simplex (hvi)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081206] synonym: "simplex lobule" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081206] xref: ABA:SIM xref: FMA:72522 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081206 is_a: UBERON:0004003 ! cerebellum hemisphere lobule property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001063 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005347 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005348 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005349 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005351 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005351 name: paraflocculus namespace: uberon def: ".[MP]." [MP:0010007] synonym: "cerebellar tonsil" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081212] synonym: "hemispheric lobule IX" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081212] synonym: "neuraxis paraflocculus" EXACT [FMA:83885] synonym: "paraflocculus of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83885] synonym: "paraflocculus of cerebellum " EXACT [FMA:83885] synonym: "tonsil (HXI)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081212] synonym: "tonsilla" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081212] xref: ABA:PFL xref: FMA:83885 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081212 xref: SCTID:314174005 xref: SCTID:51969002 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002245 ! hemisphere of cerebellum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001063 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005347 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005348 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005349 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005350 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005357 name: brain ependyma namespace: uberon def: "An ependyma that is part of a brain ventricle." [OBOL:automatic] comment: in FMA this is treated as part of the ependyma, but here we treat ependyma as a portion synonym: "ependyma of ventricular system of brain" EXACT [FMA:242837] xref: FMA:242837 xref: MA:0000809 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.276.460 intersection_of: UBERON:0004670 ! ependyma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004086 ! brain ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0005358 name: ventricle of nervous system namespace: uberon synonym: "region of wall of ventricular system of neuraxis" RELATED [FMA:242770] xref: FMA:242770 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0005359 name: spinal cord ependyma namespace: uberon def: "An ependyma that is part of a spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic] comment: in FMA this is treated as part of the ependyma, but here we treat ependyma as a portion synonym: "ependyma of central canal of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:242839] synonym: "spinal cord ependymal layer" EXACT [MA:0001125] synonym: "spinal cord ventricular layer" RELATED [] xref: EMAPA:17585 xref: FMA:242839 xref: MA:0001125 xref: SCTID:369278000 intersection_of: UBERON:0004670 ! ependyma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002291 ! central canal [Term] id: UBERON:0005360 name: inferior glossopharyngeal IX ganglion namespace: uberon def: "the lower group of sensory neuron cell bodies associated with the glossopharyngeal nerve[MP]. It is situated in a depression in the lower border of the petrous portion of the temporal bone[WP]." [MP:0001084, Wikipedia:Inferior_ganglion_of_glossopharyngeal_nerve] comment: We follow FMA and VHOG in making the relation subclass synonym: "extracraniale ganglion" EXACT [MP:0001084] synonym: "ganglion inferius (nervus glossopharygeus)" EXACT [FMA:53475] synonym: "ganglion inferius nervi glossopharyngei, ganglion petrosum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_ganglion_of_glossopharyngeal_nerve] synonym: "ganglion inferius nervus glossopharyngei" EXACT LATIN [FMA:53475, FMA:TA] synonym: "ganglion of andersch" EXACT [FMA:53475] synonym: "glossopharyngeal IX inferior ganglion" RELATED [VHOG:0000743] synonym: "glossopharyngeal nerve inferior ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53475] synonym: "glossopharyngeal nerve petrous ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53475] synonym: "inferior ganglion of glossopharyngeal nerve" EXACT [FMA:53475] synonym: "inferior glossopharyngeal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53475] synonym: "inferior glossopharyngeal ganglion of the glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve" EXACT [MP:0001084] synonym: "ninth cranial nerve inferior ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53475] synonym: "petrosal ganglion" RELATED [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/petrosal%20ganglion, MP:0001084] synonym: "petrosal ganglion" RELATED [MP:0001084] synonym: "petrous ganglion" RELATED [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File\:Gray791.png, http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/petrous%20ganglion, Wikipedia:Inferior_ganglion_of_glossopharyngeal_nerve] xref: EHDAA2:0000711 xref: FMA:53475 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Gray791.png xref: MA:0001078 xref: SCTID:66031007 xref: VHOG:0000743 is_a: UBERON:0001701 {source="FMA"} ! glossopharyngeal ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0005361 name: superior glossopharyngeal IX ganglion namespace: uberon def: "the upper ganglion of the glossopharyngeal nerve[MP]. is situated in the upper part of the groove in which the glossopharyngeal nerve is lodged during its passage through the jugular foramen. It is very small, and is usually regarded as a detached portion of the inferior ganglion" [MP:0001097, Wikipedia:Superior_ganglion_of_glossopharyngeal_nerve] comment: Synonym modified from WP original synonym: "Ehrenritter's ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53474] synonym: "ganglion superius (nervus glossopharyngeus)" EXACT [FMA:53474] synonym: "ganglion superius nervi glossopharyngei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_ganglion_of_glossopharyngeal_nerve] synonym: "ganglion superius nervus glossopharyngei" EXACT LATIN [FMA:53474, FMA:TA] synonym: "glossopharyngeal IX superior ganglion" RELATED [VHOG:0000744] synonym: "glossopharyngeal nerve jugular ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53474] synonym: "glossopharyngeal nerve superior ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53474] synonym: "intracranial ganglion" EXACT [MP:0001097] synonym: "jugular ganglion" RELATED [MP:0001097] synonym: "ninth cranial nerve superior ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53474] synonym: "superior ganglion of glossopharyngeal nerve" EXACT [FMA:53474] synonym: "superior glossopharyngeal ganglia" EXACT [MP:0001097] synonym: "superior glossopharyngeal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53474] synonym: "superior glossopharyngeal ganglion of the glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve" EXACT [MP:0001097] synonym: "superior petrosal ganglion" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_ganglion_of_glossopharyngeal_nerve] xref: EHDAA2:0000712 xref: EHDAA:2842 xref: FMA:53474 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Gray791.png xref: MA:0001079 xref: SCTID:280362000 xref: VHOG:0000744 is_a: UBERON:0001701 {source="FMA"} ! glossopharyngeal ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0005362 name: vagus X ganglion namespace: uberon def: "a small, elongated ganglion located between the esophagus and aorta, marking the terminus of the recurrent nerve[WP]" [Wikipedia:Vagus_ganglion] synonym: "ganglion of vagus nerve" EXACT [FMA:53472] synonym: "gX" BROAD [ZFA:0007067] synonym: "right glossopharyngeal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53472] synonym: "vagal ganglion" EXACT [ZFA:0007067] synonym: "vagus ganglion" EXACT [] synonym: "vagus neural ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53472] synonym: "vagus X" RELATED [EMAPA:16798] xref: EMAPA:16798 xref: FMA:53472 xref: MA:0001081 xref: SCTID:244452001 xref: TAO:0007067 xref: VHOG:0000684 xref: ZFA:0007067 is_a: UBERON:0009127 {source="ZFA"} ! epibranchial ganglion relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0005363 name: inferior vagus X ganglion namespace: uberon synonym: "ganglion inferius (nervus vagus)" EXACT [FMA:6230] synonym: "ganglion inferius nervus vagi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6230, FMA:TA] synonym: "inferior ganglion of vagus" EXACT [FMA:6230] synonym: "inferior ganglion of vagus nerve" EXACT [FMA:6230] synonym: "inferior vagus X" BROAD [EMAPA:17155] synonym: "nodose ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6230] synonym: "nodose ganglion" RELATED [EMAPA:17155] synonym: "tenth cranial nerve nodose ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6230] synonym: "vagus nerve inferior ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6230] synonym: "vagus nerve nodose ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6230] synonym: "vagus X inferior ganglion" RELATED [VHOG:0000685] xref: EFO:0002516 xref: EHDAA2:0004622 xref: EMAPA:17155 xref: FMA:6230 xref: MA:0001082 xref: MESH:A08.340.390.550 xref: SCTID:14420006 xref: VHOG:0000685 is_a: UBERON:0005362 ! vagus X ganglion relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009126 {source="EHDAA2"} ! nodosal placode property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "These (the epibranchial placodes) are focal thickenings of the embryonic ectoderm that form immediately dorsal and caudal of the clefts between the pharyngeal arches in all vertebrates, and they produce the neuroblasts which migrate and condense to form the distal cranial ganglia: the geniculate, petrosal and nodose ganglia. (...) The one substantial difference between the vertebrate pharyngeal arches and those of the protochordates is the presence of the epibranchial placodes but the evolution of these structures was undoubtedly driven by the endoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000685", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19910133.x Graham A. The development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005364 name: superior vagus X ganglion namespace: uberon synonym: "ganglion superius (nervus vagus)" EXACT [FMA:6229] synonym: "ganglion superius nervus vagi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6229, FMA:TA] synonym: "gasserian ganglion" RELATED [EMAPA:17156] synonym: "jugular ganglion" RELATED [FMA:6229] synonym: "superior ganglion of vagus" EXACT [FMA:6229] synonym: "superior ganglion of vagus nerve" EXACT [FMA:6229] synonym: "superior vagus X" BROAD [EMAPA:17156] synonym: "tenth cranial nerve jugular ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6229] synonym: "vagus nerve jugular ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6229] synonym: "vagus nerve superior ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6229] synonym: "vagus X superior ganglion" RELATED [VHOG:0000686] xref: EMAPA:17156 xref: FMA:6229 xref: MA:0001083 xref: SCTID:280197008 xref: VHOG:0000686 is_a: UBERON:0005362 ! vagus X ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0005366 name: olfactory lobe namespace: uberon def: "Olfactory apparatus on the lower surface of the frontal lobe of the brain. It consists of the olfactory bulb, tract, and trigone[BTO]." [BTO:0001362] xref: BTO:0001362 xref: EFO:0000108 xref: EHDAA2_RETIRED:0001294 xref: EHDAA:5480 xref: EMAPA:17778 xref: MA:0002413 xref: MIAA:0000116 xref: ncithesaurus:Olfactory_Lobe xref: UMLS:C0178780 xref: VHOG:0000833 is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Part of the telencephalon, comprised of paired anterior outgrowths of either of the cerebral hemispheres in which the olfactory nerve exits. In Xenopus,the olfactory bulbs begin to fuse at NF stage 50, fusion is complete around NF stage 58. The cerebral vein loops around the olfactory bulb by NF stage 43[XAO:0004180]." xsd:string {source="XAO:0004180"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 " (In mammals) Odorant detection is mediated by millions of olfactory sensory neurons located in the olfactory epithelium lining the nasal cavity. These neurons transmit sensory signals to the olfactory bulb of the brain, which in turn sends signals to the olfactory cortex.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000833", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2004.tb00097.x Buck LB, Olfactory receptors and odor coding in mammals. Nutrition Reviews (2008)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005367 name: hippocampus granule cell layer namespace: uberon comment: todo - check xref: MA:0000954 is_a: UBERON:0002305 ! layer of hippocampus [Term] id: UBERON:0005368 name: hippocampus molecular layer namespace: uberon def: "A cytoarchitectural region of the hippocampus consisting of a composite of the two outermost layers of the hippocampus, the Stratum lacunosum-moleculare and the Stratum radiatum (Carpenter-83)." [nif_annot:NeuroNames_defSource] synonym: "hippocampal molecular layer" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1211] synonym: "hippocampus stratum moleculare" RELATED [] synonym: "molecular layer of hippocampus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1211] xref: MA:0000955 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1211 is_a: UBERON:0002305 ! layer of hippocampus relationship: part_of UBERON:0007640 ! hippocampus stratum lacunosum moleculare [Term] id: UBERON:0005370 name: hippocampus stratum lacunosum namespace: uberon comment: Due to its small size, it is often grouped together with stratum moleculare into a single stratum called stratum lacunosum-moleculare[WP] synonym: "lacunar layer of hippocampus" EXACT [] xref: MA:0000957 is_a: UBERON:0002305 ! layer of hippocampus relationship: part_of UBERON:0007640 ! hippocampus stratum lacunosum moleculare [Term] id: UBERON:0005371 name: hippocampus stratum oriens namespace: uberon def: "The term Stratum oriens is a cytoarchitectural term denoting the layer of the hippocampus that is deep to the Stratum pyramidale hippocampi and superficial to the alveus (Stephan-75)." [nif_annot:NeuroNames_defSource] synonym: "oriens layer of hippocampus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4113] synonym: "oriens layer of the hippocampus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4113] synonym: "polymorphic layer of hippocampus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4113] synonym: "polymorphic layer of the hippocampus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4113] synonym: "stratum oriens" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4113] xref: FMA:83893 xref: MA:0000958 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4113 is_a: UBERON:0002305 ! layer of hippocampus [Term] id: UBERON:0005372 name: hippocampus stratum radiatum namespace: uberon def: "The layer located immediately above the pyramidal cell layer in CA2 and CA1 and superficial to the stratum lucidum in CA3. Suprapyramidal region in which CA3 to CA3 associational connections and CA3 to CA1 Schaffer collateral connections are located." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1298] synonym: "radiate layer of hippocampus" EXACT [FMA:83894] synonym: "stratum radiatum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1298] xref: FMA:83894 xref: MA:0000959 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1298 is_a: UBERON:0002305 ! layer of hippocampus [Term] id: UBERON:0005373 name: spinal cord dorsal column namespace: uberon def: "area of white matter in the dorsomedial side of the spinal cord. It is made up of the fasciculus gracilis and fasciculus cuneatus and itself is part of the dorsal funiculus. It is part of an ascending pathway that is important for well-localized fine touch and conscious proprioception called the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway[WP]. The dorsal portion of the gray substance of the spinal cord, in transverse section seen as a horn[TFD]. The dorsal column is a part of the spinal cord which is responsible for transporting sensory input from the body to the cerebral cortex. This part of the spinal cord is key in perceiving fine touch, such as that used to distinguish textures, along with vibration. The dorsal column also contributes to the body's system of proprioception, used to orient the body in space and to coordinate muscle movements, given information about the body's position." [Wikipedia:Posterior_column] comment: TODO - relationship with dorsal horn? synonym: "dorsal column" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal column of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior column" EXACT [Wikipedia:Posterior_column] synonym: "spinal cord posterior column" EXACT [] xref: EV:0100317 xref: MA:0002749 xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Column xref: UMLS:C0458459 xref: VHOG:0001623 is_a: UBERON:0002318 ! white matter of spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002258 ! dorsal funiculus property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The dorsolateral ridge of gray matter in each lateral half of the spinal cord. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001623", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/posterior+column+of+spinal+cord"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005374 name: spinal cord lateral column namespace: uberon comment: TODO - check relationship between column and funiculus. Also check white vs grey matter. See ventral column. Note also ZFA term 'lateral column' is part of reticular formation synonym: "lateral column" RELATED [] xref: EV:0100322 xref: MA:0002750 xref: TAO:0000531 xref: VHOG:0001621 xref: ZFA:0000531 is_a: UBERON:0002318 {source="MA"} ! white matter of spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002179 {notes="checkme"} ! lateral funiculus [Term] id: UBERON:0005375 name: spinal cord ventral column namespace: uberon comment: in MA, this is a subclass of white matter, but in WP/Gray's, the anterior column is a synonym of the grey matter section. is this the same as funiculus? See lateral column. synonym: "anterior column" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal cord anterior column" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral column" EXACT [] xref: EV:0100326 xref: MA:0002751 xref: VHOG:0001622 is_a: UBERON:0002318 ! white matter of spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002180 ! ventral funiculus property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The ventral ridge of gray matter in each half of the spinal cord. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001622", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/anterior+column+of+spinal+cord"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005376 name: olfactory bulb external plexiform layer namespace: uberon def: "Cytoarchitectural part of the olfactory bulb, lying superior to the mitral cell layer and inferior to the glomerular layer. The EPL is mostly neuropil composed almost entirely of mitral and tulfted cell dendrites and granule cell dendrites and their synaptic inputs." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090403] synonym: "external plexiform layer" BROAD [BTO:0001319] xref: BTO:0001319 xref: MA:0000969 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090403 is_a: UBERON:0009950 ! olfactory bulb plexiform layer [Term] id: UBERON:0005377 name: olfactory bulb glomerular layer namespace: uberon def: "The glomerular layer is the most superficial layer, consisting of mitral cell dendritic arborizations (glomeruli), olfactory nerve fibers, and periglomerular cells. Periglomerular cells contact multiple mitral cell dendrites within the glomeruli and provide lateral inhibition of neighboring glomeruli while allowing excitation of a specific mitral cell dendritic tree. Each mitral cell is contacted by at least 1000 olfactory nerve fibers[BTO]. Portion of tissue which is located in between the primary olfactory fiber layer and the external cellular layer of the olfactory bulb[ZFA]." [BTO:0001317] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "glomerular layer" BROAD [BTO:0001317, ZFA:0000357] synonym: "stratum glomerulosum bulbi olfactorii" EXACT [ZFA:0000357] xref: ABA:MOBgl xref: BTO:0001317 xref: MA:0000970 xref: TAO:0000357 xref: ZFA:0000357 is_a: UBERON:0004001 ! olfactory bulb layer [Term] id: UBERON:0005378 name: olfactory bulb granule cell layer namespace: uberon def: "The granule cell layer contains multiple small round neurons that lack axons. Long dendritic processes of the neurons reach the more superficial layers and inhibit mitral cells and tufted cells. Small distal processes make contacts with the exiting mitral cell axons." [BTO:0001327] synonym: "granule cell layer" BROAD [BTO:0001327] xref: BTO:0001327 xref: MA:0000971 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090404 is_a: UBERON:0004001 ! olfactory bulb layer [Term] id: UBERON:0005379 name: olfactory bulb internal plexiform layer namespace: uberon synonym: "internal plexiform layer" EXACT [BTO:0001320] xref: BTO:0001320 xref: MA:0000972 is_a: UBERON:0009950 ! olfactory bulb plexiform layer [Term] id: UBERON:0005380 name: olfactory bulb subependymal zone namespace: uberon xref: MA:0000974 is_a: UBERON:0004001 ! olfactory bulb layer [Term] id: UBERON:0005381 name: dentate gyrus granule cell layer namespace: uberon synonym: "DG granule cell layer" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4129] synonym: "granular layer of dentate gyrus" EXACT [FMA:83146] xref: ABA:DG-sg xref: FMA:83146 xref: MA:0000946 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4129 is_a: UBERON:0002304 ! layer of dentate gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0005382 name: dorsal striatum namespace: uberon def: "Those portions of the caudate nucleus and especially the putamen located generally superior to a plane representing the anterior commissure; also called the dorsal basal ganglia; may function in motor activities with cognitive origins." [BTO:0004701, Wikipedia:Dorsal_striatum] synonym: "caudoputamen" RELATED [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100312] synonym: "corpus striatum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_striatum] synonym: "dorsal basal ganglia" RELATED [BTO:0004701] synonym: "dorsal basal ganglion" RELATED [BTO:0004701] synonym: "striated body" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_striatum] synonym: "striatum dorsale" RELATED [BTO:0004701] xref: ABA:STRd xref: BTO:0004701 xref: FMA:77620 xref: MA:0002971 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1010001 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0011300 {is_inferred="true"} ! gray matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002435 ! striatum property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "According to BrainInfo it is a part of the basal ganglia comprising the globus pallidus and striatum" xsd:string {source="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsal_striatum"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "According to the 1917 version of Gray's Anatomy, it is the combination of the lentiform nucleus and the caudate nucleus" xsd:string {source="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsal_striatum"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "It may also refer to both the basal ganglia and the internal capsule collectively." xsd:string {source="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsal_striatum"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "It may also refer to the putamen and caudate collectively." xsd:string {source="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsal_striatum"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005383 name: caudate-putamen namespace: uberon def: "Regional part of telencephalon in some species, e.g., rodent, equivalent to the dorsal striatum (caudate nucleus and putamen). Unlike the dorsal striatum of primates, for example, the caudoputamen is not split into separate nuclei by the fibers of the internal capsule. Rather, the internal capsule splits into fiber bundles which course through the structure." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100312] comment: CHECK - rodents. The caudate nucleus and putamen are separated by a clear white matter bundle in most species but not in rodents (MM) synonym: "caudate putamen" EXACT [] synonym: "caudateputamen" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100312] synonym: "caudoputamen" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100312] xref: ABA:CP xref: BM:Tel-C-Pu xref: BTO:0000212 xref: EFO:0001912 xref: EMAPA:19095 xref: MA:0000893 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100312 is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0005382 ! dorsal striatum [Term] id: UBERON:0005387 name: olfactory glomerulus namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0011916 def: "One of the small globular masses of dense neuropil in the olfactory bulb, containing the first synapse in the olfactory pathway[BTO]. a spherical structure located in the olfactory bulb of the brain where the synapses form between the olfactory nerve terminals and dendrites of mitral, periglomerular and tufted cells. Each glomerulus is surrounded by periglomerular neurons and glial cells which gives it an oval shape.[1][2] All glomeruli are located near the surface of the olfactory bulb. In mammals, glomeruli typically range between 50-120 m in diameter and number between 1800 and 2400 depending on the species.[1][2] Each glomerulus is composed of two compartments, the olfactory nerve zone and the non-olfactory nerve zone. The olfactory nerve zone is composed of preterminals and terminals of the olfactory nerve and is where the olfactory receptor cells make synapses on their targets.[2] The non-olfactory nerve zone is composed of the dendritic processes of intrinsic neurons and is where dendrodendritic interactions between intrinsic neurons occur.[2] It is the first site for synaptic processing of odor information coming from the nose. It is made up of a globular tangle of axons from the olfactory receptor neurons in the olfactory epithelium, and dendrites from the mitral cell as well as from juxtaglomerular cells that include tufted cells, periglomerular cells, short axon cells, and astrocytes[WP]." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckMedicus, Wikipedia:Glomerulus_(olfaction)] comment: subcellular component, realm of GO? synonym: "glomerulus of olfactory bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "olfactory bulb glomerulus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "olfactory glomeruli" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: BTO:0003653 xref: NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_20090503 intersection_of: UBERON:0001047 ! neural glomerulus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002264 ! olfactory bulb [Term] id: UBERON:0005390 name: cortical layer I namespace: uberon def: "The most superficial layer of the neocortex characterized by a paucity of cell bodies." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090807] synonym: "cerebral cortex, layer 1" EXACT [ABA:CTX1] synonym: "lamina molecularis isocorticis [lamina i]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83900, FMA:TA] synonym: "layer 1 of neocortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090807] synonym: "layer I of neocortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090807] synonym: "molecular layer" RELATED [] synonym: "molecular layer of cerebral cortex" EXACT [ncithesaurus:Molecular_layer] synonym: "molecular layer of isocortex [layer i]" EXACT [FMA:83900] synonym: "molecular layer of neocortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090807] synonym: "molecular layer of neocortex" EXACT [FMA:83900] synonym: "neocortex layer 1" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090807] synonym: "neocortex layer I" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090807] synonym: "neocortex molecular layer" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090807] synonym: "neocortex plexiform layer" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090807] synonym: "plexiform layer" RELATED [] synonym: "plexiform layer of neocortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090807] xref: ABA:CTX1 xref: BTO:0004906 xref: FMA:83900 xref: MA:0000897 xref: ncithesaurus:Molecular_Layer xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090807 xref: UMLS:C1709063 is_a: UBERON:0002301 ! layer of neocortex [Term] id: UBERON:0005391 name: cortical layer II namespace: uberon def: "Layer of neocortex lying just deep to molecular layer characterized by numerous small cell bodies." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090808] synonym: "cerebral cortex, layer 2" EXACT [ABA:CTX2] synonym: "external granular layer" RELATED [] synonym: "external granular layer of cerebral cortex" RELATED [] synonym: "external granular layer of isocortex [layer ii]" EXACT [FMA:77804] synonym: "external granular layer of neocortex" EXACT [FMA:77804] synonym: "external granule cell layer of neocortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090808] synonym: "lamina granularis externa isocorticis [lamina ii]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77804, FMA:TA] synonym: "layer II of neocortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090808] synonym: "neocortex layer 2" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090808] synonym: "neocortex layer II" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090808] xref: ABA:CTX2 xref: FMA:77804 xref: MA:0000898 xref: ncithesaurus:External_Granular_Layer xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090808 xref: UMLS:C1517039 is_a: UBERON:0002301 ! layer of neocortex relationship: immediately_deep_to UBERON:0005390 ! cortical layer I [Term] id: UBERON:0005392 name: cortical layer III namespace: uberon def: "Layer of neocortex lying deep to the external granule cell layer defined cytoarchitecturally by numerous small pyramidal neurons." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090809] synonym: "cerebral cortex, layer 3" EXACT [ABA:CTX3] synonym: "external pyramidal cell layer" EXACT [FMA:77810] synonym: "external pyramidal cell layer of neocortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090809] synonym: "external pyramidal layer of cerebral cortex" RELATED [ncithesaurus:External_Pyramidal_Cell_Layer] synonym: "external pyramidal layer of isocortex [layer iii]" EXACT [FMA:77810] synonym: "external pyramidal layer of neocortex" EXACT [FMA:77810] synonym: "lamina pyramidalis externa isocorticis [lamina iii]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77810, FMA:TA] synonym: "layer 3 of neocortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090809] synonym: "layer III of neocortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090809] synonym: "neocortex external pyramidal cell layer" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090809] synonym: "neocortex layer 3" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090809] synonym: "neocortex layer III" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090809] synonym: "pyramidal layer" RELATED [] xref: ABA:CTX3 xref: FMA:77810 xref: MA:0000899 xref: ncithesaurus:External_Pyramidal_Cell_Layer xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090809 xref: UMLS:C1517046 is_a: UBERON:0002301 ! layer of neocortex relationship: immediately_deep_to UBERON:0005391 ! cortical layer II [Term] id: UBERON:0005393 name: cortical layer IV namespace: uberon def: "Layer of neocortex lying deep to the external pyramidal cell layer defined cytoarchitecturally by the presence of numerous small cells" [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090810] synonym: "cerebral cortex, layer 4" EXACT [ABA:CTX4] synonym: "internal granular layer" RELATED [] synonym: "internal granular layer of isocortex [layer iv]" EXACT [FMA:77811] synonym: "internal granular layer of neocortex" EXACT [FMA:77811] synonym: "internal granule cell layer of neocortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090810] synonym: "lamina granularis interna isocorticis [lamina iv]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77811, FMA:TA] synonym: "layer 4 of neocortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090810] synonym: "layer IV of neocortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090810] synonym: "neocortex internal granule cell layer" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090810] synonym: "neocortex layer 4" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090810] synonym: "neocortex layer IV" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090810] synonym: "neocortical internal granule cell layer" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090810] synonym: "neocortical layer IV" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090810] xref: ABA:CTX4 xref: FMA:77811 xref: MA:0000900 xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Granular_Layer xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090810 xref: UMLS:C1512872 is_a: UBERON:0002301 ! layer of neocortex relationship: immediately_deep_to UBERON:0005392 ! cortical layer III [Term] id: UBERON:0005394 name: cortical layer V namespace: uberon def: "Layer of neocortex lying deep to the internal granule cell layer (layer 4) defined cytoarchitecturally by the predominance of large pyramidal cell bodies" [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090811] synonym: "betz' cells" EXACT [FMA:77812] synonym: "cerebral cortex, layer 5" EXACT [ABA:CTX5] synonym: "ganglionic layer" RELATED [] synonym: "ganglionic layer of cerebral cortex" RELATED [] synonym: "internal pyramidal cell layer of neocortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090811] synonym: "internal pyramidal layer of isocortex [layer v]" EXACT [FMA:77812] synonym: "internal pyramidal layer of neocortex" EXACT [FMA:77812] synonym: "lamina pyramidalis interna isocorticis [lamina v]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77812, FMA:TA] synonym: "layer 5 of neocortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090811] synonym: "layer V of neocortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090811] synonym: "neocortex internal pyramidal cell layer" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090811] synonym: "neocortex layer 5" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090811] synonym: "neocortex layer V" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090811] synonym: "neocortical layer 5" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090811] synonym: "neocortical layer V" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090811] xref: ABA:CTX5 xref: FMA:77812 xref: MA:0000901 xref: ncithesaurus:Ganglionic_Layer xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090811 xref: UMLS:C1517447 is_a: UBERON:0002301 ! layer of neocortex relationship: immediately_deep_to UBERON:0005393 ! cortical layer IV [Term] id: UBERON:0005395 name: cortical layer VI namespace: uberon def: "Innermost layer of neocortex lying deep to the internal pyramidal cell layer defined cytoarchitecturally by cells of varying size." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090812] synonym: "cerebral cortex, layer 6 " EXACT [ABA:CTX6] synonym: "lamina multiformis isocorticis [lamina vi]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77805, FMA:TA] synonym: "layer VI of neocortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090812] synonym: "multiform layer" RELATED [] synonym: "multiform layer of isocortex [layer vi]" EXACT [FMA:77805] synonym: "multiform layer of neocortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090812] synonym: "multiform layer of neocortex" EXACT [FMA:77805] synonym: "neocortex layer 6" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090812] synonym: "neocortex layer VI" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090812] synonym: "neocortex multiform layer" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090812] synonym: "neocortical layer 6" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090812] synonym: "neocortical layer VI" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090812] synonym: "pleiomorphic layer of neocortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090812] xref: ABA:CTX6 xref: FMA:77805 xref: MA:0000902 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090812 is_a: UBERON:0002301 ! layer of neocortex relationship: immediately_deep_to UBERON:0005394 ! cortical layer V [Term] id: UBERON:0005397 name: brain arachnoid mater namespace: uberon def: "An arachnoid mater that surrounds a brain." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain arachnoid matter" EXACT [MA:0000814] synonym: "cranial arachnoid mater" EXACT [FMA:83981] xref: FMA:83981 xref: MA:0000814 xref: VHOG:0000230 is_a: UBERON:0003547 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain meninx intersection_of: UBERON:0002362 ! arachnoid mater intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0003547 ! brain meninx property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The middle membrane of the three mammalian meninges covering the brain and spinal cord. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000230", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/arachnoid+mater"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000230", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005400 name: telencephalon arachnoid mater namespace: uberon def: "An arachnoid mater that is part of a telencephalon." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "telencephalon arachnoid matter" EXACT [MA:0000980] xref: EMAPA:17775 xref: MA:0000980 is_a: UBERON:0003289 {is_inferred="true"} ! meninx of telencephalon is_a: UBERON:0003556 {is_inferred="true"} ! forebrain arachnoid mater intersection_of: UBERON:0002362 ! arachnoid mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0005401 name: cerebral grey matter namespace: uberon comment: AO notes: BTO may actually be a more generic structure; FMA may represent a more specific structure. Consider merging with gray matter of telencephalon synonym: "cerebral gray matter" EXACT [BTO:0000823] xref: BTO:0000823 xref: FMA:61821 xref: MA:0000944 is_a: UBERON:0011300 {is_inferred="true"} ! gray matter of telencephalon intersection_of: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0005403 name: ventral striatum namespace: uberon def: "The ventral striatum is a portion of the striatum. It consists of the nucleus accumbens and the olfactory tubercle. Some sources also include the ventromedial parts of the caudate nucleus and putamen. It is considered a reward center." [Wikipedia:Ventral_striatum] xref: ABA:STRv xref: BTO:0004702 xref: EFO:0001936 xref: FMA:77614 xref: MA:0002972 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0011300 {is_inferred="true"} ! gray matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002435 ! striatum [Term] id: UBERON:0005407 name: sublingual ganglion namespace: uberon xref: EHDAA2:0001938 xref: EHDAA:10101 xref: FMA:77591 xref: MA:0002982 is_a: UBERON:0001808 {source="MA"} ! parasympathetic ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0005408 name: circumventricular organ namespace: uberon def: "Brain region located around or in relation to the ventricular system that is highly vascularized and distinguished by the lack of a blood brain barrier." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090312, Wikipedia:Circumventricular_organs] comment: AO notes: MA subdivides into sensory and secretory synonym: "circumventricular organ" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090312] synonym: "circumventricular organ of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:84081] synonym: "CVO" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090312] xref: FMA:84081 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Gray734.png xref: MA:0002942 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090312 is_a: UBERON:0002616 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0005413 name: spinocerebellar tract namespace: uberon def: "The spinocerebellar tract is a set of axonal fibers originating in the spinal cord and terminating in the ipsilateral cerebellum. This tract conveys information to the cerebellum about limb and joint position." [Wikipedia:Spinocerebellar_tract] xref: GAID:733 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Spinal_cord_tracts_-_English.svg xref: MESH:A08.612.220.725 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005036 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0005430 name: ansa cervicalis namespace: uberon def: "The ansa cervicalis (or ansa hypoglossi in older literature) is a loop of nerves that are part of the cervical plexus. It lies superficial to the internal jugular vein in the carotid sheath. Branches from the ansa cervicalis innervate three of the four infrahyoid muscles, including the sternohyoid muscle, the sternothyroid muscle, and the omohyoid muscle." [Wikipedia:Ansa_cervicalis] synonym: "ansa hypoglossi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ansa_cervicalis] xref: EHDAA2:0000124 xref: EHDAA:6669 xref: FMA:55142 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Gray795.png xref: SCTID:362474000 is_a: UBERON:0001147 ! trunk of peripheral nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0005433 name: autonomic peripheral nervous system namespace: uberon comment: TODO - check ANS, PNS synonym: "autonomic division of peripheral nervous system" EXACT [FMA:65553] synonym: "autonomic part of peripheral nervous system" EXACT [FMA:65553] synonym: "divisio autonomica systematis nervosi peripherici" EXACT LATIN [FMA:65553, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars autonomica systematis nervosi peripherici" EXACT LATIN [FMA:65553, FMA:TA] synonym: "peripheral autonomic nervous system" EXACT [FMA:65553] synonym: "peripheral part of autonomic nervous system" EXACT [FMA:65553] xref: EHDAA2:0000158 xref: EHDAA:3767 xref: EMAPA:16984 xref: FMA:65553 xref: MESH:A08.800.050 xref: SCTID:429921001 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0005437 name: conus medullaris namespace: uberon def: "The conus medullaris is the terminal end of the spinal cord. It occurs near lumbar vertebral levels 1 (L1) and 2 (L2). After the spinal cord tapers out, the spinal nerves continue as dangling nerve roots called cauda equina. This terminal nerve root tail is referred to as the filum terminale. The upper end of the conus medullaris is usually not well defined." [Wikipedia:Conus_medullaris] synonym: "medullary cone" EXACT [] synonym: "termination of the spinal cord" RELATED [] xref: EHDAA2:0000315 xref: EHDAA:6684 xref: EMAPA:18219 xref: FMA:74897 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/Gray662.png xref: ncithesaurus:Conus_Medullaris xref: SCTID:315472009 xref: UMLS:C0149601 xref: VHOG:0000546 is_a: UBERON:0005844 ! spinal cord segment property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The conical end of the spinal cord, which continues with the filum terminale. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000546", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005443 name: filum terminale namespace: uberon def: "The filum terminale (\"terminal thread\"), is a delicate strand of fibrous tissue, about 20 cm. in length, proceeding downward from the apex of the conus medullaris. It gives longitudinal support to the spinal cord and consists of two parts: The upper part, or filum terminale internum, is about 15 cm. long and reaches as far as the lower border of the second sacral vertebra. It is continuous above with the pia mater and contained within a tubular sheath of the dura mater. In addition, it is surrounded by the nerves forming the cauda equina, from which it can be easily recognized by its bluish-white color. The lower part, or filum terminale externum, closely adheres to the dura mater. It extends downward from the apex of the tubular sheath and is attached to the back of the first segment of the coccyx in a structure sometimes referred to as the coccygeal ligament. The most inferior of the spinal nerves, the coccygeal nerve leaves the spinal cord at the level of the conus medullaris, superior to the filum terminale. However, adhering to the outer surface of the filum terminale are a few strands of nerve fibers which probably represent rudimentary second and third coccygeal nerves. Furthermore, the central canal of the spinal cord extends 5 to 6 cm. beyond the conus medullaris, downward into the filum terminale." [Wikipedia:Filum_terminale] synonym: "coccygeal ligament" RELATED [] synonym: "filum terminale segment of pia mater" EXACT [FMA:83977] synonym: "pars pialis fili terminalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83977, FMA:TA] synonym: "terminal filum" EXACT [FMA:83977] xref: EHDAA2:0000510 xref: EHDAA:6686 xref: EMAPA:18220 xref: FMA:83977 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/Gray662.png xref: SCTID:361344005 xref: VHOG:0000547 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The slender, thread-like continuation of the spinal cord below the origin of the lumbar nerves. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000547", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005453 name: inferior mesenteric ganglion namespace: uberon def: "a ganglion located near where the inferior mesenteric artery branches from the abdominal aorta[WP]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_mesenteric_ganglion] synonym: "ganglion mesentericum inferius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_mesenteric_ganglion] xref: EHDAA2:0000818 xref: EHDAA:8948 xref: FMA:77590 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Gray848.png xref: SCTID:279277007 is_a: UBERON:0003964 ! prevertebral ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0005465 name: obturator nerve namespace: uberon def: "The obturator nerve arises from the ventral divisions of the second, third, and fourth lumbar nerves; the branch from the third is the largest, while that from the second is often very small." [Wikipedia:Obturator_nerve] synonym: "nervus obturatorius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Obturator_nerve] xref: EHDAA2:0001282 xref: EHDAA:5657 xref: FMA:16487 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Gray344.png xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.450.600 xref: ncithesaurus:Obturator_Nerve xref: SCTID:181052006 xref: UMLS:C0028783 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001815 ! lumbosacral nerve plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0005466 name: paravertebral ganglia namespace: uberon def: "Along the length of the sympathetic trunk are ganglia known as ganglia of sympathetic trunk or paravertebral ganglia. The ganglia are distinguished as cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral and, except in the neck, they closely correspond in number to the vertebrae." [Wikipedia:Paravertebral_ganglia] synonym: "ganglia of sympathetic trunk" RELATED [Wikipedia:Paravertebral_ganglia] synonym: "ganglia trunci sympathici" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Paravertebral_ganglia] synonym: "paravertebral ganglia" EXACT [FMA:80128] synonym: "paravertebral ganglia set" EXACT [FMA:80128] synonym: "paravertebral ganglion" RELATED [Wikipedia:Paravertebral_ganglia] synonym: "set of paravertebral ganglia" EXACT [FMA:80128] synonym: "sympathetic chain ganglia" RELATED [Wikipedia:Paravertebral_ganglia] xref: EHDAA2:0001403 xref: EHDAA:5635 xref: FMA:80128 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray847.png xref: SCTID:324478000 is_a: UBERON:0001806 ! sympathetic ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0005475 name: sigmoid sinus namespace: uberon def: "a portion of the lateral venous sinus, bulging prominently into the mastoid cavity, that serves as a principal conduit by which blood leaves the cranium[EPIC]. The sigmoid is drained by the internal jugular vein" [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryS.html, Wikipedia:Sigmoid_sinus] synonym: "sulcus sigmoideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sigmoid_sinus] xref: EHDAA2:0001838 xref: EHDAA:9880 xref: EMAPA:19060 xref: FMA:50782 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Gray488_blue.gif xref: ncithesaurus:Sigmoid_Sinus xref: SCTID:279264003 xref: VHOG:0001337 is_a: UBERON:0005486 ! venous dural sinus property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The sigmoid sinuses, within a human head, are 2 areas beneath the brain, which allow blood veins to span the area, from the center of the head downward. They drain from the transverse sinuses (under the back of the brain) to the internal jugular vein. Each sigmoid sinus begins beneath the temporal bone and follows a tortuous course to the jugular foramen, at which point the sinus becomes continuous with the internal jugular vein[Wikipedia:Sigmoid_sinus]." xsd:string {source="Wikipedia:Sigmoid_sinus"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005476 name: spinal nerve trunk namespace: uberon def: "A nerve trunk that is part of a spinal nerve." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinal nerve (trunk)" EXACT [FMA:5929] synonym: "spinal neural trunk" EXACT [FMA:5929] synonym: "trunk of spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5929] xref: EHDAA2:0001900 xref: FMA:5929 intersection_of: UBERON:0002464 ! nerve trunk intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001780 ! spinal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0005478 name: sulcus limitans of neural tube namespace: uberon def: "A longitudinal groove in the neural tube wall of the embryo; stretches from the mesencephalon caudad[TMD]." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Sulcus+limitans] synonym: "neural tube lateral wall sulcus limitans" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001265] synonym: "sulcus limitans" BROAD [] disjoint_from: UBERON:0009573 ! sulcus limitans of fourth ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0005496 {source="EHDAA2"} ! neural tube lateral wall [Term] id: UBERON:0005479 name: superior mesenteric ganglion namespace: uberon def: "In the upper part of the superior mesenteric plexus close to the origin of the superior mesenteric artery is a ganglion, the superior mesenteric ganglion. The superior mesenteric ganglion is the synapsing point for one of the pre- and post-synaptic nerves of the sympathetic division of the autonomous nervous system. This nerve goes on to innervate part of the large intestine." [Wikipedia:Superior_mesenteric_ganglion] synonym: "ganglion mesentericum superius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_mesenteric_ganglion] synonym: "ganglion mesentericum superius" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_mesenteric_ganglion] synonym: "superior mesenteric ganglia" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_mesenteric_ganglion] xref: EHDAA2:0001950 xref: EHDAA:8950 xref: FMA:77589 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Gray839.png xref: SCTID:279276003 is_a: UBERON:0003964 ! prevertebral ganglion relationship: part_of UBERON:0005488 ! superior mesenteric plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0005486 name: venous dural sinus namespace: uberon def: "The dural venous sinuses (also called dural sinuses, cerebral sinuses, or cranial sinuses) are venous channels found between layers of dura mater in the brain.[1] They receive blood from internal and external veins of the brain, receive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the subarachnoid space, and ultimately empty into the internal jugular vein." [Wikipedia:Dural_venous_sinuses] comment: editor note: the MA placement should be checked synonym: "cranial dural venous sinus" EXACT [FMA:50762] synonym: "dural sinus" EXACT [FMA:50762] synonym: "dural vein" EXACT [MA:0002113] synonym: "dural venous sinus" EXACT [FMA:50762] synonym: "s. durae matris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dural_venous_sinuses] synonym: "venous dural" EXACT [EHDAA:6491] synonym: "venous dural sinus" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002169] xref: EHDAA2:0002169 xref: EHDAA:6491 xref: EMAPA:18634 xref: FMA:50762 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Gray488_blue.gif xref: MA:0002113 xref: SCTID:54944003 xref: VHOG:0001004 is_a: UBERON:0003499 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0005488 name: superior mesenteric plexus namespace: uberon def: "The superior mesenteric plexus is a continuation of the lower part of the celiac plexus, receiving a branch from the junction of the right vagus nerve with the plexus. It surrounds the superior mesenteric artery, accompanies it into the mesentery, and divides into a number of secondary plexuses, which are distributed to all the parts supplied by the artery, viz. , pancreatic branches to the pancreas; intestinal branches to the small intestine; and ileocolic, right colic, and middle colic branches, which supply the corresponding parts of the great intestine. The nerves composing this plexus are white in color and firm in texture; in the upper part of the plexus close to the origin of the superior mesenteric artery is the superior mesenteric ganglion." [Wikipedia:Superior_mesenteric_plexus] synonym: "plexus mesentericus superior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6639, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus mesentericus superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_mesenteric_plexus] synonym: "superior mesenteric nerve plexus" EXACT [FMA:6639] xref: FMA:6639 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Gray848.png xref: SCTID:362493003 is_a: UBERON:0001816 ! autonomic nerve plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0005495 name: midbrain lateral wall namespace: uberon synonym: "lateral wall mesencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0000455] synonym: "lateral wall midbrain" EXACT [ZFA:0000906] xref: EHDAA2:0001171 xref: EHDAA:3700 xref: EMAPA:16976 xref: TAO:0000906 xref: VHOG:0000455 xref: ZFA:0000906 is_a: UBERON:0005496 ! neural tube lateral wall relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain [Term] id: UBERON:0005496 name: neural tube lateral wall namespace: uberon def: "Portion of tissue on the side of the lumen of the neural tube." [ZFA:0001435] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lateral wall neural tube" EXACT [ZFA:0001435] xref: EHDAA2:0001257 xref: EHDAA:2873 xref: EHDAA:912 xref: TAO:0001435 xref: VHOG:0000513 xref: ZFA:0001435 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube [Term] id: UBERON:0005499 name: rhombomere 1 namespace: uberon def: "Hindbrain segment or neuromere 1." [ZFA:0001031] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "r1" EXACT [ZFA:0001031] xref: EFO:0003608 xref: EHDAA2:0001637 xref: EMAPA:16290 xref: EMAPA:16480 xref: EMAPA:16918 xref: EMAPA:17092 xref: TAO:0001031 xref: ZFA:0001031 is_a: UBERON:0001892 ! rhombomere property_value: rhombomere_number "1" xsd:nonNegativeInteger property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001031", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005500 name: rhombomere floor plate namespace: uberon synonym: "floor plate hindbrain" EXACT [VHOG:0001019] synonym: "floor plate rhombencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0001019] synonym: "floor plate rhombomere region" EXACT [ZFA:0001258] synonym: "floorplate hindbrain" RELATED [VHOG:0001019] synonym: "rhombencephalon floor plate" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004324] xref: EHDAA2:0004324 xref: TAO:0001258 xref: VHOG:0001019 xref: ZFA:0001258 is_a: UBERON:0002616 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001892 ! rhombomere property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In summary, the available data for tunicates, amphioxus, and vertebrates indicate that a floorplate-like structure was already present in the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates and that the genetic mechanisms for DV patterning of the nerve cord were also largely in place.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001019", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/S0959-4388(99)00003-3 Holland LZ and Holland ND, Chordate origins of the vertebrate central nervous system. Current Opinion in Neurobiology (1999)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005501 name: rhombomere lateral wall namespace: uberon def: "A neural tube lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere." [OBOL:automatic] intersection_of: UBERON:0005496 ! neural tube lateral wall intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001892 ! rhombomere [Term] id: UBERON:0005502 name: rhombomere roof plate namespace: uberon synonym: "roof plate rhombomere" EXACT [TAO:0001311] synonym: "roof plate rhombomere region" EXACT [ZFA:0001311] synonym: "roof plate rhombomeres" EXACT [VHOG:0001018] xref: TAO:0001311 xref: VHOG:0001018 xref: ZFA:0001311 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001892 ! rhombomere [Term] id: UBERON:0005507 name: rhombomere 3 namespace: uberon subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "r3" EXACT [ZFA:0000948] xref: EFO:0003596 xref: EHDAA2:0001657 xref: EMAPA:16297 xref: EMAPA:16488 xref: EMAPA:16932 xref: EMAPA:17106 xref: TAO:0000948 xref: XAO:0004081 xref: ZFA:0000948 is_a: UBERON:0001892 ! rhombomere property_value: rhombomere_number "3" xsd:nonNegativeInteger property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000948", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005511 name: rhombomere 4 namespace: uberon subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "r4" EXACT [ZFA:0001032] xref: EFO:0003609 xref: EHDAA2:0001667 xref: EMAPA:16301 xref: EMAPA:16492 xref: EMAPA:16939 xref: EMAPA:17113 xref: TAO:0001032 xref: XAO:0004082 xref: ZFA:0001032 is_a: UBERON:0001892 ! rhombomere property_value: rhombomere_number "4" xsd:nonNegativeInteger property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001032", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005515 name: rhombomere 5 namespace: uberon subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "r5" EXACT [ZFA:0000823] xref: EFO:0003580 xref: EHDAA2:0001677 xref: EMAPA:16305 xref: EMAPA:16496 xref: EMAPA:16946 xref: EMAPA:17120 xref: TAO:0000823 xref: XAO:0004083 xref: ZFA:0000823 is_a: UBERON:0001892 ! rhombomere property_value: rhombomere_number "5" xsd:nonNegativeInteger property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000823", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005519 name: rhombomere 6 namespace: uberon subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "r6" EXACT [ZFA:0000069] xref: EFO:0003480 xref: EHDAA2:0001687 xref: EMAPA:16500 xref: EMAPA:16953 xref: EMAPA:17127 xref: TAO:0000069 xref: XAO:0004084 xref: ZFA:0000069 is_a: UBERON:0001892 ! rhombomere property_value: rhombomere_number "6" xsd:nonNegativeInteger property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000069", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005523 name: rhombomere 7 namespace: uberon subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "r7" EXACT [ZFA:0000949] xref: EFO:0003597 xref: EHDAA2:0001697 xref: EMAPA:16504 xref: EMAPA:16960 xref: EMAPA:17134 xref: TAO:0000949 xref: ZFA:0000949 is_a: UBERON:0001892 ! rhombomere property_value: rhombomere_number "7" xsd:nonNegativeInteger property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000949", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005527 name: rhombomere 8 namespace: uberon subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "r8" EXACT [ZFA:0000153] xref: EFO:0003500 xref: EHDAA2:0001707 xref: EMAPA:16508 xref: EMAPA:16967 xref: EMAPA:17141 xref: TAO:0000153 xref: ZFA:0000153 is_a: UBERON:0001892 ! rhombomere property_value: rhombomere_number "8" xsd:nonNegativeInteger property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000153", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005561 name: telencephalon lateral wall namespace: uberon subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lateral wall telencephalon" EXACT [ZFA:0000785] xref: EHDAA2:0001985 xref: EHDAA:3504 xref: EMAPA:16656 xref: TAO:0000785 xref: VHOG:0000023 xref: ZFA:0000785 is_a: UBERON:0005496 ! neural tube lateral wall relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Lateral wall that is part of the telencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000023", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005566 name: rhombomere 1 floor plate namespace: uberon subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "floor plate r1" EXACT [ZFA:0000882] synonym: "floor plate rhombomere 1" EXACT [ZFA:0000882] xref: EFO:0003584 xref: EHDAA2:0001640 xref: EMAPA:16291 xref: EMAPA:16481 xref: EMAPA:16919 xref: EMAPA:17093 xref: TAO:0000882 xref: ZFA:0000882 is_a: UBERON:0005500 ! rhombomere floor plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0005499 ! rhombomere 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0005567 name: rhombomere 1 lateral wall namespace: uberon def: "A rhombomere lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere 1." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lateral wall rhombomere 1" EXACT [ZFA:0000781] xref: EHDAA2:0001641 xref: EMAPA:16482 xref: EMAPA:16920 xref: EMAPA:17094 xref: TAO:0000781 xref: ZFA:0000781 intersection_of: UBERON:0005501 ! rhombomere lateral wall intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005499 ! rhombomere 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0005568 name: rhombomere 1 roof plate namespace: uberon def: "A rhombomere roof plate that is part of a rhombomere 1." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "roof plate rhombomere 1" EXACT [ZFA:0001033] xref: EHDAA2:0001645 xref: EMAPA:16483 xref: EMAPA:16924 xref: EMAPA:17098 xref: TAO:0001033 xref: ZFA:0001033 intersection_of: UBERON:0005502 ! rhombomere roof plate intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005499 ! rhombomere 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0005569 name: rhombomere 2 namespace: uberon subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "r2" EXACT [ZFA:0000822] xref: EFO:0003579 xref: EHDAA2:0001647 xref: EMAPA:16293 xref: EMAPA:16484 xref: EMAPA:16925 xref: EMAPA:17099 xref: TAO:0000822 xref: XAO:0004080 xref: ZFA:0000822 is_a: UBERON:0001892 ! rhombomere property_value: rhombomere_number "3" xsd:nonNegativeInteger property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000822", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005570 name: rhombomere 2 floor plate namespace: uberon def: "A rhombomere floor plate that is part of a rhombomere 2." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "floor plate r2" EXACT [ZFA:0000763] synonym: "floor plate rhombomere 2" EXACT [ZFA:0000763] synonym: "floorplate r2" EXACT [ZFA:0000763] xref: EFO:0003568 xref: EHDAA2:0001650 xref: EMAPA:16294 xref: EMAPA:16485 xref: EMAPA:16926 xref: EMAPA:17100 xref: TAO:0000763 xref: ZFA:0000763 intersection_of: UBERON:0005500 ! rhombomere floor plate intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005569 ! rhombomere 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0005571 name: rhombomere 2 lateral wall namespace: uberon def: "A rhombomere lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere 2." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lateral wall rhombomere 2" EXACT [ZFA:0000907] xref: EHDAA2:0001651 xref: EMAPA:16486 xref: EMAPA:16927 xref: EMAPA:17101 xref: TAO:0000907 xref: ZFA:0000907 intersection_of: UBERON:0005501 ! rhombomere lateral wall intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005569 ! rhombomere 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0005572 name: rhombomere 2 roof plate namespace: uberon def: "A rhombomere roof plate that is part of a rhombomere 2." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "roof plate rhombomere 2" EXACT [ZFA:0000824] xref: EHDAA2:0001655 xref: EMAPA:16487 xref: EMAPA:16931 xref: EMAPA:17105 xref: TAO:0000824 xref: ZFA:0000824 intersection_of: UBERON:0005502 ! rhombomere roof plate intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005569 ! rhombomere 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0005573 name: rhombomere 3 floor plate namespace: uberon def: "A rhombomere floor plate that is part of a rhombomere 3." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "floor plate r3" EXACT [ZFA:0000888] synonym: "floor plate rhombomere 3" EXACT [ZFA:0000888] synonym: "floorplate r3" EXACT [ZFA:0000888] xref: EFO:0003586 xref: EHDAA2:0001660 xref: EMAPA:16298 xref: EMAPA:16489 xref: EMAPA:16933 xref: EMAPA:17107 xref: TAO:0000888 xref: ZFA:0000888 intersection_of: UBERON:0005500 ! rhombomere floor plate intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005507 ! rhombomere 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0005574 name: rhombomere 3 lateral wall namespace: uberon def: "A rhombomere lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere 3." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lateral wall rhombomere 3" EXACT [ZFA:0000994] xref: EHDAA2:0001661 xref: EMAPA:16490 xref: EMAPA:16934 xref: EMAPA:17108 xref: TAO:0000994 xref: ZFA:0000994 intersection_of: UBERON:0005501 ! rhombomere lateral wall intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005507 ! rhombomere 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0005575 name: rhombomere 3 roof plate namespace: uberon def: "A rhombomere roof plate that is part of a rhombomere 3." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "roof plate rhombomere 3" EXACT [ZFA:0000950] xref: EHDAA2:0001665 xref: EMAPA:16491 xref: EMAPA:16938 xref: EMAPA:17112 xref: TAO:0000950 xref: ZFA:0000950 intersection_of: UBERON:0005502 ! rhombomere roof plate intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005507 ! rhombomere 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0005576 name: rhombomere 4 floor plate namespace: uberon def: "A rhombomere floor plate that is part of a rhombomere 4." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "floor plate r4" EXACT [ZFA:0000893] synonym: "floor plate rhombomere 4" EXACT [ZFA:0000893] synonym: "floorplate r4" EXACT [ZFA:0000893] xref: EFO:0003588 xref: EHDAA2:0001670 xref: EMAPA:16302 xref: EMAPA:16493 xref: EMAPA:16940 xref: EMAPA:17114 xref: TAO:0000893 xref: ZFA:0000893 intersection_of: UBERON:0005500 ! rhombomere floor plate intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005511 ! rhombomere 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0005577 name: rhombomere 4 lateral wall namespace: uberon def: "A rhombomere lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere 4." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lateral wall rhombomere 4" EXACT [ZFA:0000782] xref: EHDAA2:0001671 xref: EMAPA:16494 xref: EMAPA:16941 xref: EMAPA:17115 xref: TAO:0000782 xref: ZFA:0000782 intersection_of: UBERON:0005501 ! rhombomere lateral wall intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005511 ! rhombomere 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0005578 name: rhombomere 4 roof plate namespace: uberon def: "A rhombomere roof plate that is part of a rhombomere 4." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "roof plate rhombomere 4" EXACT [ZFA:0001034] xref: EHDAA2:0001675 xref: EMAPA:16495 xref: EMAPA:16945 xref: EMAPA:17119 xref: TAO:0001034 xref: ZFA:0001034 intersection_of: UBERON:0005502 ! rhombomere roof plate intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005511 ! rhombomere 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0005579 name: rhombomere 5 floor plate namespace: uberon def: "A rhombomere floor plate that is part of a rhombomere 5." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "floor plate r5" EXACT [ZFA:0000764] synonym: "floor plate rhombomere 5" EXACT [ZFA:0000764] synonym: "floorplate r5" EXACT [ZFA:0000764] xref: EFO:0003569 xref: EHDAA2:0001680 xref: EMAPA:16306 xref: EMAPA:16497 xref: EMAPA:16947 xref: EMAPA:17121 xref: TAO:0000764 xref: ZFA:0000764 intersection_of: UBERON:0005500 ! rhombomere floor plate intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005515 ! rhombomere 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0005580 name: rhombomere 5 lateral wall namespace: uberon def: "A rhombomere lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere 5." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lateral wall rhombomere 5" EXACT [ZFA:0000908] xref: EHDAA2:0001681 xref: EMAPA:16498 xref: EMAPA:16948 xref: EMAPA:17122 xref: TAO:0000908 xref: ZFA:0000908 intersection_of: UBERON:0005501 ! rhombomere lateral wall intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005515 ! rhombomere 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0005581 name: rhombomere 5 roof plate namespace: uberon def: "A rhombomere roof plate that is part of a rhombomere 5." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "roof plate rhombomere 5" EXACT [ZFA:0000828] xref: EHDAA2:0001685 xref: EMAPA:16499 xref: EMAPA:16952 xref: EMAPA:17126 xref: TAO:0000828 xref: ZFA:0000828 intersection_of: UBERON:0005502 ! rhombomere roof plate intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005515 ! rhombomere 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0005582 name: rhombomere 6 floor plate namespace: uberon def: "A rhombomere floor plate that is part of a rhombomere 6." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "floor plate r6" EXACT [ZFA:0000889] synonym: "floor plate rhombomere 6" EXACT [ZFA:0000889] synonym: "floorplate r6" EXACT [ZFA:0000889] xref: EFO:0003587 xref: EHDAA2:0001690 xref: EMAPA:16501 xref: EMAPA:16954 xref: EMAPA:17128 xref: TAO:0000889 xref: ZFA:0000889 intersection_of: UBERON:0005500 ! rhombomere floor plate intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005519 ! rhombomere 6 [Term] id: UBERON:0005583 name: rhombomere 6 lateral wall namespace: uberon def: "A rhombomere lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere 6." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lateral wall rhombomere 6" EXACT [ZFA:0000995] xref: EHDAA2:0001691 xref: EMAPA:16502 xref: EMAPA:16955 xref: EMAPA:17129 xref: TAO:0000995 xref: ZFA:0000995 intersection_of: UBERON:0005501 ! rhombomere lateral wall intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005519 ! rhombomere 6 [Term] id: UBERON:0005584 name: rhombomere 6 roof plate namespace: uberon def: "A rhombomere roof plate that is part of a rhombomere 6." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "roof plate rhombomere 6" EXACT [ZFA:0000825] xref: EHDAA2:0001695 xref: EMAPA:16503 xref: EMAPA:16959 xref: EMAPA:17133 xref: TAO:0000825 xref: ZFA:0000825 intersection_of: UBERON:0005502 ! rhombomere roof plate intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005519 ! rhombomere 6 [Term] id: UBERON:0005585 name: rhombomere 7 floor plate namespace: uberon def: "A rhombomere floor plate that is part of a rhombomere 7." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "floor plate r7" EXACT [ZFA:0000904] synonym: "floor plate rhombomere 7" EXACT [ZFA:0000904] synonym: "floorplate r7" EXACT [ZFA:0000904] xref: EFO:0003589 xref: EHDAA2:0001700 xref: EMAPA:16505 xref: EMAPA:16961 xref: EMAPA:17135 xref: TAO:0000904 xref: ZFA:0000904 intersection_of: UBERON:0005500 ! rhombomere floor plate intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005523 ! rhombomere 7 [Term] id: UBERON:0005586 name: rhombomere 7 lateral wall namespace: uberon def: "A rhombomere lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere 7." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lateral wall rhombomere 7" EXACT [ZFA:0000783] xref: EHDAA2:0001701 xref: EMAPA:16506 xref: EMAPA:16962 xref: EMAPA:17136 xref: TAO:0000783 xref: ZFA:0000783 intersection_of: UBERON:0005501 ! rhombomere lateral wall intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005523 ! rhombomere 7 [Term] id: UBERON:0005587 name: rhombomere 7 roof plate namespace: uberon def: "A rhombomere roof plate that is part of a rhombomere 7." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "roof plate rhombomere 7" EXACT [ZFA:0000951] xref: EHDAA2:0001705 xref: EMAPA:16507 xref: EMAPA:16966 xref: EMAPA:17140 xref: TAO:0000951 xref: ZFA:0000951 intersection_of: UBERON:0005502 ! rhombomere roof plate intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005523 ! rhombomere 7 [Term] id: UBERON:0005588 name: rhombomere 8 floor plate namespace: uberon def: "A rhombomere floor plate that is part of a rhombomere 8." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "floor plate r8" EXACT [ZFA:0000765] synonym: "floor plate rhombomere 8" EXACT [ZFA:0000765] synonym: "floorplate r8" EXACT [ZFA:0000765] xref: EFO:0003570 xref: EHDAA2:0001709 xref: EMAPA:16509 xref: EMAPA:16968 xref: EMAPA:17142 xref: TAO:0000765 xref: ZFA:0000765 intersection_of: UBERON:0005500 ! rhombomere floor plate intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005527 ! rhombomere 8 [Term] id: UBERON:0005589 name: rhombomere 8 lateral wall namespace: uberon def: "A rhombomere lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere 8." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lateral wall rhombomere 8" EXACT [ZFA:0000909] xref: EHDAA2:0001710 xref: EMAPA:16510 xref: EMAPA:16969 xref: EMAPA:17143 xref: TAO:0000909 xref: ZFA:0000909 intersection_of: UBERON:0005501 ! rhombomere lateral wall intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005527 ! rhombomere 8 [Term] id: UBERON:0005590 name: rhombomere 8 roof plate namespace: uberon def: "A rhombomere roof plate that is part of a rhombomere 8." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "roof plate rhombomere 8" EXACT [ZFA:0001035] xref: EHDAA2:0001714 xref: EMAPA:16511 xref: EMAPA:16973 xref: EMAPA:17147 xref: TAO:0001035 xref: ZFA:0001035 intersection_of: UBERON:0005502 ! rhombomere roof plate intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005527 ! rhombomere 8 [Term] id: UBERON:0005591 name: diencephalon lateral wall namespace: uberon synonym: "lateral wall diencephalon" EXACT [ZFA:0000780] xref: EHDAA2:0000396 xref: EHDAA:1977 xref: EMAPA:16650 xref: EMAPA:16905 xref: TAO:0000780 xref: VHOG:0000596 xref: ZFA:0000780 is_a: UBERON:0005496 ! neural tube lateral wall relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0005657 name: crus commune epithelium namespace: uberon def: "An epithelium that is part of a crus commune." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17820 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000332 xref: VHOG:0000478 is_a: UBERON:0006932 {is_inferred="true"} ! vestibular epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0005720 name: hindbrain venous system namespace: uberon def: "A venous system that is part of a hindbrain." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rhombencephalon venous system" RELATED [VHOG:0001322] xref: EHDAA2:0000776 xref: EMAPA:18632 xref: VHOG:0001322 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure [Term] id: UBERON:0005723 name: floor plate spinal cord region namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0005247 def: "A multi-tissue structure that is part of a spinal cord and is part of a floor plate." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "floor plate spinal cord" EXACT [VHOG:0000787] synonym: "floorplate spinal cord" EXACT [ZFA:0000890] synonym: "spinal cord floor" RELATED [VHOG:0000787] xref: EMAPA:17578 xref: TAO:0000890 xref: VHOG:0000787 xref: XAO:0000306 xref: ZFA:0000890 is_a: UBERON:0001948 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of spinal cord relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003306 ! floor plate of neural tube property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In summary, the available data for tunicates, amphioxus, and vertebrates indicate that a floorplate-like structure was already present in the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates and that the genetic mechanisms for DV patterning of the nerve cord were also largely in place.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000787", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/S0959-4388(99)00003-3 Holland LZ and Holland ND, Chordate origins of the vertebrate central nervous system. Current Opinion in Neurobiology (1999)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005724 name: roof plate spinal cord region namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0005246 def: "A tissue that is part of a spinal cord and is part of a roof plate." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roof plate spinal cord" EXACT [VHOG:0000777] synonym: "roofplate spinal cord" RELATED [VHOG:0000777] synonym: "spinal cord roof" RELATED [VHOG:0000777] xref: TAO:0001177 xref: VHOG:0000777 xref: XAO:0000022 xref: ZFA:0001177 is_a: UBERON:0003298 {is_inferred="true"} ! roof plate of neural tube property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Roof plate that is part of the spinal cord. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000777", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005807 name: rostral ventrolateral medulla namespace: uberon def: "Control of blood pressure is crucially dependent on the integrity of a small region of the brainstem called the ventrolateral medulla. Within this part of the brain are the cells that control the heart, blood vessels, swallowing, breathing and many other functions of the body that are not noticed at a conscious level; such unconscious activities are known as 'Autonomic'. One of these regions is the Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla (RVLM) is also known as the pressor area of the medulla (medulla pressor). It receives inhibitory GABAergic input from the caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM). The RVLM is the primary regulator of the sympathetic nervous system, sending excitatory fibers (catecholaminergic) to the sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the spinal cord, via reticulospinal tract[WP]." [Wikipedia:Rostral_ventrolateral_medulla] synonym: "medulla pressor" EXACT [Wikipedia:Rostral_ventrolateral_medulla] synonym: "RVLM" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0002778 is_a: UBERON:0002678 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0005817 name: neuraxis flexure namespace: uberon def: "An anatomical structure that is regional part of the central nervous system where there is a significant bend of the axis." [ZFIN:Curator] xref: ZFA:0005593 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0005818 name: cephalic flexure namespace: uberon def: "the first flexure, or bend, of the embryonic brain; it appears in the region of the mid-brain. In human embryos it generally occurs at the end of the 3rd week/beginning of 4th. By means of it the fore-brain is bent in a ventral direction around the anterior end of the notochord and fore-gut, with the result that the floor of the fore-brain comes to lie almost parallel with that of the hind-brain. This flexure causes the mid-brain to become, for a time, the most prominent part of the brain, since its dorsal surface corresponds with the convexity of the curve. As a consequence, the cardiac plate, which was previously anterior to the forebrain, approximates its adult location in what will become the thoracic region[WP]. Ventral bend in the brain occurring caudal to the adenohypophyseal placode[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Cephalic_flexure, ZFIN:curator] comment: TODO - check synonym: "flexura mesencephalica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cephalic_flexure] synonym: "mesencephalic flexure" EXACT [http://www.dartmouth.edu/~rswenson/NeuroSci/chapter_4.html] synonym: "midbrain flexure" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral flexure" EXACT [ZFA:0001640] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Gray651.png xref: TAO:0002181 xref: ZFA:0001640 is_a: UBERON:0005817 ! neuraxis flexure relationship: connects UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain relationship: connects UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Ventral bend in the brain occurring caudal to the adenohypophyseal placode.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002181", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005819 name: cervical flexure namespace: uberon def: "ventrally concave flexure of the embryonic brain occurring at the junction of hindbrain and spinal cord[MP]. In humans develops by the 5th week of gestation[WP]." [MP:0000913] is_a: UBERON:0005817 ! neuraxis flexure relationship: connects UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: connects UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0005820 name: pontine flexure namespace: uberon def: "a bend in the axis of the embryological central nervous system (the neuraxis). This flexure marks the junction between the metencephalon and the myelencephalon. The division of the rhombencephalon (the early hindbrain) into the metencephalon and the myelencephalon occurs at the 7th week of development. In the mature brain, the metencephalon forms the pons and cerebellum, whilst the myelencephalon forms the medulla oblongata[WP]." [Wikipedia:Pontine_flexure] is_a: UBERON:0005817 ! neuraxis flexure relationship: connects UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon relationship: connects UBERON:0005290 ! myelencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0005821 name: gracile fasciculus namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0004168 def: "a group of axons that are from neurons involved in proprioception from the lower trunk and lower limb[GO]. The fasciculus gracilis (tract of Goll) is a bundle of axon fibres in the dorsomedial spinal cord that carries information about fine touch, vibrations, and conscious proprioception from the lower part of the body to the brain stem. It is part of the posterior column of the spinal cord, which also contains the fasciculus cuneatus, which carries the same information from the upper part of the body. This tract and its continuation in the brain stem is often referred to as the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The fasciculus gracilis is wedge-shaped on transverse section and lies next the posterior median septum, its base being at the surface of the medulla spinalis, and its apex directed toward the posterior gray commissure. It increases in size from below upward, and consists of long thin fibers that are derived from the posterior nerve roots, and ascend as far as the medulla oblongata, where they end in the nucleus gracilis. The tract of Goll was named after Swiss neuroanatomist Friedrich Goll[WP]." [GO:0021958, Wikipedia:Gracile_fasciculus] comment: distinction between axon tract and fasicule is unclear, we create is_a parentage to both synonym: "f. gracilis medullae spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gracile_fasciculus] synonym: "fasciculus gracilis" EXACT [FMA:258416] synonym: "gracile column" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gracile_fasciculus] synonym: "gracile fascicle" EXACT [FMA:258416] synonym: "gracile tract" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gracile_fasciculus] synonym: "gracilis tract" EXACT [GO:0021958] synonym: "tract of Goll" EXACT [GO:0021958] xref: BM:Me-GF xref: FMA:258416 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Spinal_cord_tracts_-_English.svg xref: ncithesaurus:Tract_of_Goll xref: SCTID:369079001 xref: UMLS:C0228522 is_a: UBERON:0001018 ! axon tract is_a: UBERON:0001019 ! fascicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0005826 name: gracile fasciculus of spinal cord namespace: uberon def: "A gracile fasciculus that is part of a spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic] comment: editor note: check ontology structure, isa parentage to fasciculus of spinal cord should be inferred synonym: "gracile fascicle of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:73938] synonym: "spinal cord segment of fasciculus gracilis" EXACT [FMA:73938] synonym: "spinal cord segment of gracile fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:73938] xref: FMA:73938 is_a: UBERON:0005837 ! fasciculus of spinal cord is_a: UBERON:0007699 {is_inferred="true"} ! tract of spinal cord intersection_of: UBERON:0005821 ! gracile fasciculus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002318 {source="reference_0000032", is_inferred="true"} ! white matter of spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0005373 ! spinal cord dorsal column [Term] id: UBERON:0005832 name: cuneate fasciculus namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0004169 comment: we assign the synonym 'Burdachs tract' to the subclass synonym: "cuneate column" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cuneate_fasciculus] synonym: "cuneate tract" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cuneate_fasciculus] synonym: "cuneatus tract" EXACT [GO:0021959] synonym: "fasciculus cuneatus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cuneate_fasciculus] synonym: "fasciculus cuneus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cuneate_fasciculus] xref: BM:Me-CF xref: Wikipedia:Cuneate_fasciculus is_a: UBERON:0001018 ! axon tract [Term] id: UBERON:0005835 name: cuneate fasciculus of spinal cord namespace: uberon def: "The fasciculus cuneatus (tract of Burdach, named for Karl Friedrich Burdach) is a bundle of nerves in the spinal cord which primarily transmits information from the arms. It is part of the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway." [GO:0021959, Wikipedia:Cuneate_fasciculus] comment: editor note: check ontology structure, isa parentage to fasciculus of spinal cord should be inferred. TODO - change definition to be the *whole* of the CF in the SC synonym: "burdach's tract" EXACT [FMA:73941] synonym: "cuneate fascicle of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:73941] synonym: "cuneate fasciculus" BROAD [FMA:73941] synonym: "fasciculus cuneatus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:73941, FMA:TA] synonym: "fasciculus cuneatus medullae spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cuneate_fasciculus] synonym: "tract of Burdach" EXACT [GO:0021959] xref: FMA:73941 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Spinal_cord_tracts_-_English.svg xref: ncithesaurus:Tract_of_Burdach xref: SCTID:314792006 xref: UMLS:C0228578 is_a: UBERON:0005837 ! fasciculus of spinal cord is_a: UBERON:0007699 {is_inferred="true"} ! tract of spinal cord intersection_of: UBERON:0005832 ! cuneate fasciculus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0005373 ! spinal cord dorsal column [Term] id: UBERON:0005837 name: fasciculus of spinal cord namespace: uberon def: "A fascicle that is part of a spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinal cord fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:75799] xref: FMA:75799 is_a: UBERON:0011215 {is_inferred="true"} ! cell part cluster of neuraxis intersection_of: UBERON:0001019 ! fascicle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0005838 name: fasciculus of brain namespace: uberon def: "A fascicle that is part of a brain." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:83844] xref: FMA:83844 is_a: UBERON:0011215 {is_inferred="true"} ! cell part cluster of neuraxis intersection_of: UBERON:0001019 ! fascicle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0005839 name: thoracic spinal cord dorsal column namespace: uberon def: "A subdivision of spinal cord dorsal column that is part of a thoracic spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal funiculus of thoracic segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:258178] synonym: "dorsal white column of thoracic segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:258178] synonym: "thoracic segment of dorsal funiculus of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:258178] synonym: "thoracic spinal cord posterior column" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1442] xref: FMA:258178 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1442 intersection_of: UBERON:0006079 ! subdivision of spinal cord dorsal column intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003038 ! thoracic spinal cord disjoint_from: UBERON:0007837 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! thoracic spinal cord ventral commissure [Term] id: UBERON:0005840 name: sacral spinal cord dorsal column namespace: uberon def: "A subdivision of spinal cord dorsal column that is part of a sacral spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sacral spinal cord posterior column" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1514] synonym: "sacral subsegment of dorsal funiculus of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:258198] xref: FMA:258198 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1514 intersection_of: UBERON:0006079 ! subdivision of spinal cord dorsal column intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005843 ! sacral spinal cord disjoint_from: UBERON:0007835 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! sacral spinal cord ventral commissure [Term] id: UBERON:0005841 name: cervical spinal cord dorsal column namespace: uberon def: "A subdivision of spinal cord dorsal column that is part of a cervical spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cervical segment of dorsal funiculus of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:258176] synonym: "cervical spinal cord posterior column" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_736] synonym: "dorsal funiculus of cervical segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:258176] synonym: "dorsal white column of cervical segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:258176] xref: FMA:258176 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_736 intersection_of: UBERON:0006079 ! subdivision of spinal cord dorsal column intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002726 ! cervical spinal cord disjoint_from: UBERON:0007836 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! cervical spinal cord ventral commissure [Term] id: UBERON:0005842 name: lumbar spinal cord dorsal column namespace: uberon def: "A subdivision of spinal cord dorsal column that is part of a lumbar spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal funiculus of lumbar segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:258180] synonym: "dorsal white column of lumbar segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:258180] synonym: "lumbar segment of dorsal funiculus of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:258180] synonym: "lumbar segment of gracile fasciculus of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:258180] synonym: "lumbar spinal cord posterior column" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_834] xref: FMA:258180 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_834 intersection_of: UBERON:0006079 ! subdivision of spinal cord dorsal column intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002792 ! lumbar spinal cord disjoint_from: UBERON:0007834 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! lumbar spinal cord ventral commissure [Term] id: UBERON:0005843 name: sacral spinal cord namespace: uberon def: "A spinal cord segment that adjacent_to a sacral region." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sacral segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256623] synonym: "sacral segments of spinal cord [1-5]" EXACT [FMA:256623] synonym: "segmenta sacralia medullae spinalis [1-5]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:256623, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:256623 xref: ncithesaurus:Sacral_Spinal_Cord xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1275 xref: SCTID:244438003 xref: UMLS:C0581669 [Term] id: UBERON:0005844 name: spinal cord segment namespace: uberon comment: Editor notes: This is currently used loosely to refer to cervical, lumbar, etc as well as the metamerically repeated segments, which may correspond more closely with the ZFA neuromere term synonym: "axial part of spinal cord" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2665] synonym: "axial regional part of spinal cord" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2665] synonym: "segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:62420] synonym: "spinal neuromere" RELATED [TAO:0001332] synonym: "spinal neuromeres" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0001332] xref: FMA:62420 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2665 xref: SCTID:278748001 xref: TAO:0001332 xref: ZFA:0001332 is_a: UBERON:0001948 ! regional part of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0005845 name: caudal segment of spinal cord namespace: uberon def: "A spinal cord segment that adjacent_to a caudal region." [OBOL:automatic] comment: for spinal cord segments, we treat coccygeal/caudal as synonyms - we only differentiate where bone is concerned synonym: "coccygeal segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256635] synonym: "coccygeal segments of spinal cord [1-3]" EXACT [FMA:256635] synonym: "segmenta coccygea medullae spinalis [1-3]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:256635, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:256635 xref: SCTID:278753006 [Term] id: UBERON:0005847 name: thoracic spinal cord lateral column namespace: uberon def: "A subdivision of spinal cord lateral column that is part of a thoracic spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1439 intersection_of: UBERON:0006078 ! subdivision of spinal cord lateral column intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003038 ! thoracic spinal cord disjoint_from: UBERON:0007837 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! thoracic spinal cord ventral commissure [Term] id: UBERON:0005848 name: sacral spinal cord lateral column namespace: uberon def: "A subdivision of spinal cord lateral column that is part of a sacral spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1587 intersection_of: UBERON:0006078 ! subdivision of spinal cord lateral column intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005843 ! sacral spinal cord disjoint_from: UBERON:0007835 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! sacral spinal cord ventral commissure [Term] id: UBERON:0005849 name: cervical spinal cord lateral column namespace: uberon def: "A subdivision of spinal cord lateral column that is part of a cervical spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_729 intersection_of: UBERON:0006078 ! subdivision of spinal cord lateral column intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002726 ! cervical spinal cord disjoint_from: UBERON:0007836 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! cervical spinal cord ventral commissure [Term] id: UBERON:0005850 name: lumbar spinal cord lateral column namespace: uberon def: "A subdivision of spinal cord lateral column that is part of a lumbar spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_828 intersection_of: UBERON:0006078 ! subdivision of spinal cord lateral column intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002792 ! lumbar spinal cord disjoint_from: UBERON:0007834 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! lumbar spinal cord ventral commissure [Term] id: UBERON:0005852 name: thoracic spinal cord ventral column namespace: uberon xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1448 is_a: UBERON:0002318 ! white matter of spinal cord disjoint_from: UBERON:0007837 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! thoracic spinal cord ventral commissure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003038 ! thoracic spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0005375 ! spinal cord ventral column [Term] id: UBERON:0005853 name: sacral spinal cord ventral column namespace: uberon xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1520 is_a: UBERON:0002318 ! white matter of spinal cord disjoint_from: UBERON:0007835 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! sacral spinal cord ventral commissure relationship: part_of UBERON:0005375 ! spinal cord ventral column relationship: part_of UBERON:0005843 ! sacral spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0005854 name: cervical spinal cord ventral column namespace: uberon synonym: "cervical spinal cord anterior column" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1660] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1660 is_a: UBERON:0002318 ! white matter of spinal cord disjoint_from: UBERON:0007836 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! cervical spinal cord ventral commissure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002726 ! cervical spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0005375 ! spinal cord ventral column [Term] id: UBERON:0005855 name: lumbar spinal cord ventral column namespace: uberon xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_840 is_a: UBERON:0002318 ! white matter of spinal cord disjoint_from: UBERON:0007834 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! lumbar spinal cord ventral commissure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002792 ! lumbar spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0005375 ! spinal cord ventral column [Term] id: UBERON:0005882 name: alar plate namespace: uberon def: "the mantle layer of the neural tube that lies dorsal to the sulcus limitans and contains primarily sensory neurons and interneurons involved in communication of sensory impulses." [MP:0009692, Wikipedia:Alar_plate] synonym: "alar lamina" RELATED [Wikipedia:Alar_lamina] synonym: "alar plate of neural tube" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal part of neural tube" RELATED [] synonym: "lamina alaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Alar_plate] synonym: "lamina dorsolateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Alar_plate] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Gray646.png relationship: dorsal_to UBERON:0005478 ! sulcus limitans of neural tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0004061 ! neural tube mantle layer [Term] id: UBERON:0005883 name: neural tube lateral wall mantle layer namespace: uberon comment: TODO - expand subtypes post EHDAA2-revision, check lateral wall xref: EHDAA2:0001261 is_a: UBERON:0004061 ! neural tube mantle layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0005496 ! neural tube lateral wall [Term] id: UBERON:0005970 name: brain commissure namespace: uberon def: "A commissure that is part of a brain." [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0007702 {is_inferred="true"} ! tract of brain intersection_of: UBERON:0001020 ! commissure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: in_median_plane_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "any of the nerve fiber tracts that span the longitudinal fissure between the cerebral and/or cerebellar hemispheres of the brain[MP]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-08", external_class="MP:0002199", ontology="MP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005974 name: posterior cerebellomedullary cistern namespace: uberon def: "A space between the cerebellum and the dorsal surface of the medulla[MP]. The cisterna magna (or cerebellomedullary cistern) is one of three principal openings in the subarachnoid space between the arachnoid and pia mater layers of the meninges surrounding the brain. The openings are collectively referred to as cisterns. The cisterna magna is located between the cerebellum and the dorsal surface of the medulla oblongata. Cerebrospinal fluid produced in the fourth ventricle drains into the cisterna magna via the lateral apertures and median aperture. The two other principal cisterns are the pontine cistern located between the pons and the medulla, and the interpeduncular cistern located between the cerebral peduncles. Cerebral spinal fluid can also be obtained by puncture of the cisterna magna (cistern puncture)." [MP:0009036, Wikipedia:Cisterna_magna] synonym: "cisterna cerebellomedullaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cisterna_magna] synonym: "cisterna cerebellomedullaris posterior" EXACT [MP:0009033] synonym: "cisterna magna" EXACT [MP:0009033] xref: FMA:83721 xref: GAID:690 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Gray768.png xref: MESH:A08.186.566.166.686.351 xref: ncithesaurus:Cisterna_Magna xref: SCTID:280391002 xref: UMLS:C0008841 is_a: UBERON:0004049 ! cerebellomedullary cistern [Term] id: UBERON:0005976 name: ansiform lobule crus I namespace: uberon def: "." [MP:0010002] comment: TODO - check synonym: "crus II of the ansiform lobule (HVII)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081209] synonym: "crus primum lobuli ansiformis cerebelli [h vii a]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72524, FMA:TA] synonym: "first crus of ansiform lobule of cerebellum [h vii a]" EXACT [FMA:72524] synonym: "hemispheric lobule viibi" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081209] synonym: "lobulus ansiform crus II" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081209] synonym: "lobulus semilunaris inferior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081209] synonym: "lobulus semilunaris superior cerebelli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72524, FMA:TA] synonym: "posterior superior lobule" EXACT [FMA:72524] synonym: "semilunar lobule-2 (superior)" EXACT [FMA:72524] synonym: "superior semilunar lobule" EXACT [FMA:72524] synonym: "superior semilunar lobule " EXACT [FMA:72524] synonym: "superior semilunar lobule of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72524] xref: ABA:ANcr1 xref: FMA:72524 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081209 is_a: UBERON:0005348 ! ansiform lobule [Term] id: UBERON:0005977 name: ansiform lobule crus II namespace: uberon def: "." [MP:0010003] comment: TODO - check synonym: "crus I of the ansiform lobule (HVII)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081208] synonym: "crus secundum lobuli ansiformis cerebelli [h vii a" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72525, FMA:TA] synonym: "hemispheric lobule viia" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081208] synonym: "inferior semilunar lobule" EXACT [FMA:72525] synonym: "inferior semilunar lobule of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72525] synonym: "lobulus ansiform crus I" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081208] synonym: "lobulus semilunaris inferior cerebelli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72525, FMA:TA] synonym: "lobulus semilunaris superior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081208] synonym: "posterior inferior lobule" EXACT [FMA:72525] synonym: "second crus of ansiform lobule of cerebellum [h vii a]" EXACT [FMA:72525] synonym: "semilunar lobule-2 (inferior)" EXACT [FMA:72525] xref: ABA:ANcr2 xref: FMA:72525 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081208 is_a: UBERON:0005348 ! ansiform lobule [Term] id: UBERON:0005978 name: olfactory bulb outer nerve layer namespace: uberon def: "the outermost layer of the olfactory bulb; consists primarily of olfactory afferent axons and ensheathing glia" [MP:0010057] is_a: UBERON:0004001 ! olfactory bulb layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0002264 ! olfactory bulb [Term] id: UBERON:0006007 name: pre-Botzinger complex namespace: uberon def: "the group of interneurons within the medulla oblongata's ventral respiratory group that are important for the generation of ventilatory (inspiratory) rhythmogenesis[MP]. The Pre-Btzinger Complex (preBtC) is a cluster of interneurons in the ventrolateral medulla of the brainstem, which is essential to the generation of respiratory rhythm in mammals[WP]." [MP:0010745, Wikipedia:Pre-botzinger_complex] comment: the MP class implies this is part of both the medulla oblongata and the PSNS, which violates the spatial disjointness constraint. We weaken this to continuous_with here. synonym: "pre-botzinger respiratory control center" RELATED [MA:0002577] synonym: "Pre-Btzinger Complex" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pre-botzinger_complex] synonym: "preBtC" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pre-botzinger_complex] xref: MA:0002577 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000011 ! parasympathetic nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0006059 name: falx cerebri namespace: uberon def: "The falx cerebri, also known as the cerebral falx, so named from its sickle-like form, is a strong, arched fold of dura mater which descends vertically in the longitudinal fissure between the cerebral hemispheres. It is narrow in front, where it is attached to the crista galli of the ethmoid; and broad behind, where it is connected with the upper surface of the tentorium cerebelli. Its upper margin is convex, and attached to the inner surface of the skull in the middle line, as far back as the internal occipital protuberance; it contains the superior sagittal sinus. Its lower margin is free and concave, and contains the inferior sagittal sinus. The falx cerebri is known to calcify with age." [Wikipedia:Falx_cerebri] synonym: "cerebral falx" EXACT [FMA:83967] xref: EMAPA:18551 xref: FMA:83967 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Falxcerebri.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Falx_Cerebri xref: SCTID:279275004 xref: UMLS:C0228120 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater [Term] id: UBERON:0006078 name: subdivision of spinal cord lateral column namespace: uberon subset: non_informative is_a: UBERON:0006080 ! segment of white matter of spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0005374 ! spinal cord lateral column [Term] id: UBERON:0006079 name: subdivision of spinal cord dorsal column namespace: uberon subset: non_informative synonym: "segment of dorsal funiculus of spinal cord" RELATED [FMA:258190] xref: FMA:258190 is_a: UBERON:0006080 ! segment of white matter of spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0005373 ! spinal cord dorsal column [Term] id: UBERON:0006080 name: segment of white matter of spinal cord namespace: uberon xref: FMA:258174 is_a: UBERON:0002318 ! white matter of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006083 name: Perirhinal cortex namespace: uberon synonym: "perirhinal area" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005006] synonym: "perirhinal cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005006] xref: ABA:PERI xref: BM:Tel-Cx-PRh xref: BTO:0004355 xref: EFO:0001978 xref: MA:0000912 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005006 is_a: UBERON:0002619 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of cerebral cortex is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002022 ! insula [Term] id: UBERON:0006086 name: stria medullaris namespace: uberon def: "The major afferent track to the habenula from the telencephalon (particularly in the septal side) in all vertebrates[Butler and Hodos]." [ISBN10:0471888893] synonym: "stria habenularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1066] synonym: "stria medullaris (wenzel - wenzel)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1066] synonym: "stria medullaris of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62080, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1066] synonym: "stria medullaris thalami" EXACT PLURAL [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1066] synonym: "stria medullaris thalamica" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1066] xref: BM:Die-SM xref: FMA:62080 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1066 xref: SCTID:362368004 is_a: UBERON:0011299 {is_inferred="true"} ! white matter of telencephalon is_a: UBERON:0013199 {source="FMA"} ! stria of neuraxis relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001904 ! habenula relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7742 {source="ISBN10:0471888893"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Stria medullaris of thalamus is a slender fiber bundle on the dorsal surface of the diencephalon which terminates posteriorly in the habenular nuclei[FMA:62080]." xsd:string {source="FMA:62080"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006087 name: internal arcuate fiber bundle namespace: uberon synonym: "arcuate fibers medial lemniscus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1091] synonym: "fibrae arcuatae internae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72629, FMA:TA] synonym: "internal arcuate fibers" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1091] synonym: "internal arcuate fibers" EXACT [FMA:72629] synonym: "internal arcuate fibres" EXACT [FMA:72629] synonym: "internal arcuate tract" EXACT [FMA:72629] xref: FMA:72629 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1091 is_a: UBERON:0000122 ! neuron projection bundle is_a: UBERON:0011215 {is_inferred="true"} ! cell part cluster of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0006088 name: inferior parietal cortex namespace: uberon def: "Component of the parietal lobe. The inferior parietal cortex label includes the inferior parietal gyrus and the angular gyrus and lies inferior to the superior parietal gyrus. The rostral and caudal boundaries were the supramarginal gyrus and the parieto-occipital incisure respectively. The medial and lateral boundaries were the superior parietal gyrus and the middle temporal gyrus respectively (Christine Fennema-Notestine)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1194] synonym: "inferior parietal cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1194] synonym: "inferior parietal lobule" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1194] synonym: "inferior parietal lobule" EXACT [FMA:77536] xref: EFO:0001951 xref: FMA:77536 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1194 xref: SCTID:362336007 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon is_a: UBERON:0003022 ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006089 name: dorsal external arcuate fiber bundle namespace: uberon synonym: "dorsal external arcuate fiber bundle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1250] synonym: "dorsal external arcuate fibers" EXACT [FMA:72630] synonym: "dorsal external arcuate fibers" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1250] synonym: "dorsal external arcuate tract" EXACT [FMA:72630] synonym: "dorsal superficial arcuate fibers" EXACT [FMA:72630] synonym: "dorsal superficial arcuate fibers" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1250] synonym: "external arcuate fibers" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1250] xref: FMA:72630 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1250 is_a: UBERON:0000122 ! neuron projection bundle is_a: UBERON:0011215 {is_inferred="true"} ! cell part cluster of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0006090 name: glossopharyngeal nerve fiber bundle namespace: uberon synonym: "central part of glossopharyngeal nerve" EXACT [FMA:72627] synonym: "central part of glossopharyngeal nerve" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1274] synonym: "glossopharyngeal nerve fiber bundle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1274] synonym: "glossopharyngeal nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72627] synonym: "glossopharyngeal nerve fibers" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1274] synonym: "glossopharyngeal nerve tract" EXACT [FMA:72627] synonym: "ninth cranial nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72627] synonym: "ninth cranial nerve fibers" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1274] xref: FMA:72627 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1274 is_a: UBERON:0002678 ! regional part of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0006091 name: inferior horn of the lateral ventricle namespace: uberon def: "The part of the lateral ventricle extending downward and anteriorly in the temporal lobe." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1292] synonym: "cornu inferius ventriculi lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83701, FMA:TA] synonym: "inferior horn of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:83701] synonym: "inferior horn of the lateral ventricle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1292] synonym: "temporal horn of lateral ventricle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1292] xref: FMA:83701 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1292 xref: SCTID:362315005 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0006092 name: cuneus cortex namespace: uberon def: "Component of the occipital lobe. The rostral boundary was the first coronal slice above the calcarine sulcus where the cuneus cortex becomes visible whereas the caudal boundary was the last slice where the calcarine sulcus was visualized. The medial boundary was the most medial portion of the occipital and parietal cortices. The superio-lateral boundary was the parieto-occipital fissure whereas the inferolateral boundary was the pericalcarine cortex (Christine Fennema-Notestine)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1396] synonym: "cuneate lobule" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1396] synonym: "cuneate lobule" EXACT [FMA:61903] synonym: "cuneus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1396] synonym: "cuneus cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1396] synonym: "cuneus gyrus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1396] synonym: "cuneus gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61903] synonym: "cuneus of hemisphere" EXACT [FMA:61903] synonym: "cuneus of hemisphere" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1396] xref: FMA:61903 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1396 xref: SCTID:279199007 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon is_a: UBERON:0003022 ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002021 ! occipital lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0006093 name: precuneus cortex namespace: uberon def: "Component of the pareital lobe. The rostral boundary was the posterior extent of the paracentral lobule whereas the caudal boundary was the lingual gyrus. The medial and lateral boundaries were the parieto-occipital fissure and the superior parietal gyrus respectively (Christine Fennema-Notestine)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1446] synonym: "precuneate lobule" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1446] synonym: "precuneate lobule" EXACT [FMA:61900] synonym: "precuneus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1446] synonym: "precuneus cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1446] synonym: "quadrate lobule" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1446] synonym: "quadrate lobule" EXACT [FMA:61900] xref: FMA:61900 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1446 xref: SCTID:279200005 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon is_a: UBERON:0003022 ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001872 ! parietal lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006094 name: superior parietal cortex namespace: uberon def: "Copmonent of the parietal lobe. The rostral and caudal boundaries of the superior parietal cortex were the precentral gyrus and lateral occipital cortex respectively. The medial and lateral boundaries were the precuneus and/or cuneus cortex and the infererior parietal cortex respectively (Christine Fennema-Notestine)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1450] synonym: "superior parietal cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1450] synonym: "superior parietal gyrus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1450] synonym: "superior parietal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61899] synonym: "superior parietal lobule" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1450] synonym: "superior portion of parietal gyrus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1450] synonym: "superior portion of parietal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61899] xref: FMA:61899 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1450 xref: SCTID:279168006 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon is_a: UBERON:0003022 ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001872 ! parietal lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006095 name: anterior transverse termporal area 41 namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0013574 synonym: "anterior transverse temporal area 41" EXACT [FMA:68638] synonym: "anterior transverse termporal area 41" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1582] synonym: "area 41 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68638] synonym: "area 41 of Brodmann" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1582] synonym: "area 41 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1774] synonym: "Area temporalis transversa anterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1774] synonym: "B09-41" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1774] synonym: "BA41" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 41" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1774] synonym: "Brodmann area 41" EXACT [FMA:68638] synonym: "Brodmann area 41, anterior transverse temporal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1774] synonym: "Brodmann's area 41" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1582] synonym: "principle auditory receptive areas" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1582] xref: FMA:68638 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1582 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1774 is_a: UBERON:0013529 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! Brodmann area [Term] id: UBERON:0006096 name: posterior transverse termporal area 42 namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0013575 synonym: "area 42 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68639] synonym: "area 42 of Brodmann" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1589] synonym: "area 42 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1775] synonym: "Area temporalis transversa posterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1775] synonym: "auditory association area" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1589] synonym: "B09-42" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1775] synonym: "BA42" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 42" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1775] synonym: "Brodmann area 42" EXACT [FMA:68639] synonym: "Brodmann area 42, posterior transverse temporal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1775] synonym: "Brodmann's area 42" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1589] synonym: "posterior transverse temporal area 42" EXACT [FMA:68639] synonym: "posterior transverse termporal area 42" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1589] xref: FMA:68639 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1589 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1775 is_a: UBERON:0013529 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! Brodmann area [Term] id: UBERON:0006097 name: ventral external arcuate fiber bundle namespace: uberon synonym: "ventral external arcuate fiber bundle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1628] synonym: "ventral external arcuate fibers" EXACT [FMA:72631] synonym: "ventral external arcuate fibers" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1628] synonym: "ventral external arcuate tract" EXACT [FMA:72631] xref: FMA:72631 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1628 is_a: UBERON:0000122 ! neuron projection bundle is_a: UBERON:0002678 ! regional part of medulla oblongata is_a: UBERON:0011215 {is_inferred="true"} ! cell part cluster of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0006098 name: basal nuclear complex namespace: uberon def: "The deep nuclei found in the basal forebrain." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1629] synonym: "basal ganglia" RELATED INCONSISTENT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1629] synonym: "basal nuclei" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1629] synonym: "basal nuclei of the forebrain" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1629] xref: EV:0100182 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1629 is_a: UBERON:0002780 ! regional part of forebrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002743 ! basal forebrain [Term] id: UBERON:0006099 name: Brodmann (1909) area 1 namespace: uberon def: "." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1732] synonym: "area 1 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68597] synonym: "area 1 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1732] synonym: "Area postcentralis intermedia" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1732] synonym: "B09-1" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1732] synonym: "BA1" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "Brodmann (1909) area 1" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1732] synonym: "Brodmann area 1" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1732] synonym: "Brodmann's area 1" EXACT [FMA:68597] synonym: "intermediate postcentral" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1732] synonym: "intermediate postcentral area" EXACT [FMA:68597] xref: FMA:68597 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1732 is_a: UBERON:0013529 {source="FMA"} ! Brodmann area relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006100 name: Brodmann (1909) area 3 namespace: uberon def: "." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1734] synonym: "area 3 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68599] synonym: "area 3 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1734] synonym: "Area postcentralis oralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1734] synonym: "B09-3" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1734] synonym: "BA3" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "Brodmann (1909) area 3" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1734] synonym: "Brodmann area 3" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1734] synonym: "Brodmann's area 3" EXACT [FMA:68599] synonym: "rostral postcentral" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1734] synonym: "rostral postcentral area" EXACT [FMA:68599] xref: FMA:68599 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1734 is_a: UBERON:0013529 {source="FMA"} ! Brodmann area relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006101 name: Brodmann (1909) area 24 namespace: uberon def: "." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1755] synonym: "area 24 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68621] synonym: "area 24 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1755] synonym: "area cingularis anterior ventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1755] synonym: "B09-24" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1755] synonym: "BA24" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "Brodmann (1909) area 24" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1755] synonym: "Brodmann area 24" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1755] synonym: "ventral anterior cingulate" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1755] xref: FMA:68621 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1755 is_a: UBERON:0013529 {source="FMA"} ! Brodmann area relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006102 name: Brodmann (1909) area 35 namespace: uberon synonym: "area 35 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68632] synonym: "area 35 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1768] synonym: "Area perirhinalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1768] synonym: "B09-35" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1768] synonym: "BA35" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "Brodmann (1909) area 35" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1768] synonym: "Brodmann area 35" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1768] synonym: "Brodmann area 35, perirhinal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1768] synonym: "Brodmann's area 35" EXACT [FMA:68632] synonym: "Brodmann.35" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1768] synonym: "perirhinal area 35" EXACT [FMA:68632] xref: BTO:0004356 xref: FMA:68632 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1768 xref: SCTID:384790006 is_a: UBERON:0013529 {source="FMA"} ! Brodmann area [Term] id: UBERON:0006104 name: Brodmann (1909) area 36 namespace: uberon synonym: "area 36 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68633] synonym: "area 36 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1769] synonym: "Area ectorhinalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1769] synonym: "B09-36" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1769] synonym: "BA36" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "Brodmann (1909) area 36" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1769] synonym: "Brodmann area 36" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1769] synonym: "Brodmann.36" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1769] synonym: "ectorhinal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1769] synonym: "ectorhinal area 36" EXACT [FMA:68633] xref: BTO:0004357 xref: FMA:68633 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1769 is_a: UBERON:0013529 {source="FMA"} ! Brodmann area [Term] id: UBERON:0006107 name: basolateral amygdaloid nuclear complex namespace: uberon synonym: "amygdalar basolateral nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679] synonym: "amygdaloid basolateral complex" EXACT [FMA:84016] synonym: "amygdaloid basolateral complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679] synonym: "basolateral amygdaloid nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679] synonym: "Basolateral nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679] synonym: "basolateral nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:84016] synonym: "basolateral nuclear group" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679] synonym: "basolateral nuclei of amygdala" EXACT [FMA:84016] synonym: "BL" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679] synonym: "pars basolateralis (Corpus amygdaloideum)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679] synonym: "set of basolateral nuclei of amygdala" RELATED [FMA:84016] synonym: "vicarious cortex" EXACT [FMA:84016] synonym: "vicarious cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679] xref: FMA:84016 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679 is_a: UBERON:0007245 ! nuclear complex of neuraxis property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002023 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006108 name: corticomedial nuclear complex namespace: uberon synonym: "amygdalar corticomedial nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2680] synonym: "CMA" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2680] synonym: "corticomedial nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2680] synonym: "corticomedial nuclear group" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2680] synonym: "corticomedial nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:84015] synonym: "corticomedial nuclei of amygdala" EXACT [FMA:84015] synonym: "pars corticomedialis (Corpus amygdaloideum)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2680] synonym: "set of corticomedial nuclei of amygdala" EXACT [FMA:84015] xref: FMA:84015 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2680 is_a: UBERON:0007245 ! nuclear complex of neuraxis [Term] id: UBERON:0006114 name: lateral occipital cortex namespace: uberon def: "Component of the occipital lobe. The rostral and caudal boundaries of the lateral occipital cortex were the superior parietal gyrus and as the last visible portion of occipital cortex respectively. The medial and lateral boundaries were the cuneus/pericalcarine cortex and the inferior temporal/inferior parietal gyri respectively (Christine Fennema-Notestine)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_735] synonym: "gyrus occipitalis medius (mai)" EXACT [FMA:61902] synonym: "gyrus occipitalis secundus" EXACT [FMA:61902] synonym: "lateral occipital cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_735] synonym: "lateral occipital gyrus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_735] xref: FMA:61902 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_735 xref: SCTID:369218006 is_a: UBERON:0003022 ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002021 ! occipital lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0006115 name: posterior column of fornix namespace: uberon synonym: "crus fornicis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61969, FMA:TA] synonym: "crus of fornix" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_754] synonym: "crus of fornix" EXACT [FMA:61969] synonym: "posterior column of fornix" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_754] synonym: "posterior column of fornix of forebrain" EXACT [FMA:61969] synonym: "posterior crus of fornix" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_754] synonym: "posterior crus of fornix" EXACT [FMA:61969] synonym: "posterior pillar of fornix" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_754] synonym: "posterior pillar of fornix" EXACT [FMA:61969] xref: FMA:61969 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_754 xref: SCTID:369116002 is_a: UBERON:0000122 ! neuron projection bundle is_a: UBERON:0002780 ! regional part of forebrain is_a: UBERON:0011215 {is_inferred="true"} ! cell part cluster of neuraxis [Term] id: UBERON:0006116 name: vagal nerve fiber bundle namespace: uberon synonym: "central part of vagus nerve" EXACT [FMA:72628] synonym: "central part of vagus nerve" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_765] synonym: "tenth cranial nerve fibers" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_765] synonym: "tenth cranial nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72628] synonym: "vagal nerve fiber bundle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_765] synonym: "vagal nerve fibers" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_765] synonym: "vagal nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72628] synonym: "vagal nerve tract" EXACT [FMA:72628] xref: FMA:72628 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_765 is_a: UBERON:0000122 ! neuron projection bundle is_a: UBERON:0011215 {is_inferred="true"} ! cell part cluster of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0006117 name: accessory nerve fiber bundle namespace: uberon synonym: "accessory nerve fiber bundle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_916] synonym: "accessory nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72626] synonym: "accessory nerve fibers" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_916] synonym: "accessory nerve tract" EXACT [FMA:72626] synonym: "eleventh cranial nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72626] xref: FMA:72626 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_916 is_a: UBERON:0000122 ! neuron projection bundle is_a: UBERON:0011215 {is_inferred="true"} ! cell part cluster of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0006118 name: lamina I of gray matter of spinal cord namespace: uberon synonym: "lamina i of gray matter of spinal cord" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100203] synonym: "lamina marginalis" EXACT [FMA:68862] synonym: "lamina marginalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100203] synonym: "lamina spinalis i" EXACT LATIN [FMA:68862, FMA:TA] synonym: "layer of Waldeyer" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100203] synonym: "layer of waldeyer" EXACT [FMA:68862] synonym: "rexed lamina I" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100203] synonym: "rexed lamina i" EXACT [FMA:68862] synonym: "rexed layer 1" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100203] synonym: "spinal lamina I" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100203] synonym: "spinal lamina i" EXACT [FMA:68862] xref: FMA:68862 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100203 is_a: UBERON:0001948 ! regional part of spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002256 ! dorsal horn of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006119 name: subbrachial nucleus namespace: uberon comment: Candidate definition (refers specifically to mouse): "A group of cells ventral to the nucleus of brachium of inferior colliculus in the mouse (Paxinos-2001)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005003] synonym: "subbrachial nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005003] synonym: "tegmental area of tsai" EXACT [FMA:77494] xref: FMA:77494 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005003 is_a: UBERON:0011214 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of midbrain tectum [Term] id: UBERON:0006120 name: superior colliculus superficial gray layer namespace: uberon synonym: "lamina colliculi superioris ii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72407, FMA:TA] synonym: "lamina II of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "layer II of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72407] synonym: "outer gray layer of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72407] synonym: "stratum griseum superficiale colliculi superioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72407, FMA:TA] synonym: "stratum griseum superficiale of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "superficial gray layer of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72407] synonym: "superficial grey layer of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72407] synonym: "superior colliculus superficial gray layer" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005034] xref: ABA:SCsg xref: FMA:72407 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005034 is_a: UBERON:0006785 ! gray matter of superior colliculus is_a: UBERON:0006791 ! superficial layer of superior colliculus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006779 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006780 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006121 name: hemispheric lobule VIII namespace: uberon synonym: "Biventer 1 (HVIII)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081211] synonym: "biventer lobule" EXACT [FMA:72526] synonym: "Biventral Lobule" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081211] synonym: "biventral lobule" EXACT [FMA:72526] synonym: "biventral lobule [h viii]" EXACT [FMA:72526] synonym: "cuneiform lobe" EXACT [FMA:72526] synonym: "dorsal parafloccularis [h viii b]" EXACT [FMA:72526] synonym: "dorsal paraflocculus" EXACT [FMA:72526] synonym: "hemispheric lobule viii" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081211] synonym: "Lobulus Biventer" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081211] synonym: "lobulus biventer [h viii]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72526, FMA:TA] synonym: "lobulus parafloccularis dorsalis [h viii b]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72526, FMA:TA] synonym: "Paraflocculus Dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081211] xref: FMA:72526 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081211 is_a: UBERON:0004003 ! cerebellum hemisphere lobule [Term] id: UBERON:0006123 name: horizontal limb of the diagonal band namespace: uberon synonym: "Diagonal band horizontal limb" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090303] synonym: "hDBB" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090303] synonym: "horizontal limb of diagonal band" EXACT [FMA:77611] synonym: "horizontal limb of the diagonal band" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090303] synonym: "Horizontal limb of the diagonal band of Broca" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090303] xref: FMA:77611 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090303 is_a: UBERON:0006125 ! subdivision of diagonal band [Term] id: UBERON:0006124 name: vertical limb of the diagonal band namespace: uberon synonym: "vertical limb of diagonal band" EXACT [FMA:77612] synonym: "vertical limb of the diagonal band" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090304] synonym: "Vertical limb of the diagonal band of Broca" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090304] xref: FMA:77612 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090304 is_a: UBERON:0006125 ! subdivision of diagonal band [Term] id: UBERON:0006125 name: subdivision of diagonal band namespace: uberon subset: non_informative synonym: "diagonal band subdivision" EXACT [FMA:77610] synonym: "regional part of diagonal band" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090302] xref: FMA:77610 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090302 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0006127 name: funiculus of spinal cord namespace: uberon synonym: "spinal cord funiculus" EXACT [FMA:77460] synonym: "white column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77460] xref: FMA:77460 is_a: UBERON:0006080 ! segment of white matter of spinal cord is_a: UBERON:0006133 ! funiculus of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006133 name: funiculus of neuraxis namespace: uberon def: "The cerebrospinal nerves consist of numerous nerve fibers collected together and enclosed in membranous sheaths. A small bundle of fibers, enclosed in a tubular sheath, is called a funiculus; if the nerve is of small size, it may consist only of a single funiculus; but if large, the funiculi are collected together into larger bundles or fasciculi, which are bound together in a common membranous investment. Examples include: Anterior funiculus of the spinal cord Lateral funiculus of the spinal cord Posterior funiculus of the spinal cord Funiculus solitarius of the medulla Funiculus separans" [Wikipedia:Funiculus_%28neurology%29] xref: FMA:76738 is_a: UBERON:0000122 ! neuron projection bundle [Term] id: UBERON:0006134 name: nerve fiber namespace: uberon def: "A threadlike extension of a nerve cell and consists of an axon and myelin sheath (if existence) in the nervous system. There are nerve fibers in the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. A nerve fiber may be myelinated and/or unmyelinated. In the central nervous system (CNS), myelin by oligodendroglia cells is formed. Schwann cells form myelin in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Schwann cells also make a thin covering in an axon without myelin (in the PNS). A peripheral nerve fiber contains an axon, myelin sheath, schwann cells and its endoneurium. There are no endoneurium and schwann cells in the central nervous system" [Wikipedia:Nervous_system_fiber] synonym: "nerve fibre" EXACT [FMA:5914] synonym: "neurofibra" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5914, FMA:TA] synonym: "neurofibra" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nerve_fiber] synonym: "neurofibrum" EXACT [FMA:5914] xref: FMA:5914 xref: MESH:A08.663.542 xref: SCTID:88545005 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001019 ! fascicle [Term] id: UBERON:0006135 name: myelinated nerve fiber namespace: uberon comment: consider adding link to UBERON:0002316 xref: FMA:5915 xref: GAID:745 xref: MESH:A08.663.542.512 xref: ncithesaurus:Myelinated_Nerve_Fiber xref: SCTID:362296008 xref: UMLS:C0027750 is_a: UBERON:0006134 ! nerve fiber [Term] id: UBERON:0006136 name: unmyelinated nerve fiber namespace: uberon synonym: "non-myelinated nerve fiber" EXACT [FMA:5916] xref: FMA:5916 xref: GAID:767 xref: MESH:A08.663.542.756 xref: ncithesaurus:Unmyelinated_Nerve_Fiber xref: SCTID:46920005 xref: UMLS:C0501409 is_a: UBERON:0006134 ! nerve fiber [Term] id: UBERON:0006215 name: rhombic lip namespace: uberon def: "Rhombic lips are a posterior section of the developing metencephalon within an embryo. They extend posteriorly from the roof of the fourth ventricle to dorsal neuroepithelial cells and contain cerebellar precursor cells, among others" [Wikipedia:Rhombic_lips] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cerebellum primordium" RELATED [EMAPA:17074] synonym: "dorsal part of alar plate of metencephalon" RELATED [EMAPA:17074] xref: TAO:0001440 xref: XAO:0004135 xref: ZFA:0001440 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 {source="ZFA"} ! hindbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0010092 {source="Wikipedia"} ! future metencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The interface between the dorsal neuroepithelium and the roofplate of the fourth ventricle. The source of a number of migratory neuron populations of the hindbrain.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001440", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006220 name: diencephalic part of interventricular foramen namespace: uberon xref: EHDAA2:0000384 xref: EHDAA:3476 xref: EMAPA:16643 xref: EMAPA:16901 xref: VHOG:0000808 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0003993 ! interventricular foramen of CNS [Term] id: UBERON:0006232 name: facio-acoustic VII-VIII preganglion complex namespace: uberon subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA:1477 xref: EMAPA:16660 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000496 xref: VHOG:0000715 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001714 {source="EHDAA2"} ! cranial ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0006241 name: future spinal cord namespace: uberon subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "presumptive spinal cord" EXACT [ZFA:0000417] synonym: "presumptive spinal cord neural keel" EXACT [TAO:0000417] synonym: "presumptive spinal cord neural plate" EXACT [TAO:0000417] synonym: "presumptive spinal cord neural rod" EXACT [TAO:0000417] xref: EFO:0003438 xref: EHDAA2:0000674 xref: EHDAA:898 xref: EMAPA:16092 xref: EMAPA:16525 xref: EMAPA:16755 xref: TAO:0000417 xref: ZFA:0000417 relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001049 {source="EHDAA2"} ! neural tube relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0006243 name: glossopharyngeal IX preganglion namespace: uberon subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA:1479 xref: EMAPA:16661 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000713 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001714 ! cranial ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0006250 name: infundibular recess of 3rd ventricle namespace: uberon def: "The floor of the third ventricle is prolonged downward as a funnel-shaped recess, the infundibular recess, into the infundibulum, and to the apex of the latter the hypophysis or pititary is attached" [Wikipedia:Infundibular_recess] comment: Editor note: in FMA this is a cavity, whereas in EHDAA2 it is an epithelial sac synonym: "infundibular recess" EXACT [FMA:78456] synonym: "infundibular recess of third ventricle" EXACT [FMA:78456] synonym: "recessus infundibularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "recessus infundibuli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "recessus infundibuli" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Infundibular_recess] xref: EHDAA2:0000827 xref: EHDAA:4479 xref: EMAPA:16648 xref: EMAPA:16899 xref: FMA:78456 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Gray654.png xref: SCTID:369280006 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003309 {source="EHDAA2"} ! floor plate of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0000007 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pituitary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0006284 name: early prosencephalic vesicle namespace: uberon def: "future brain vesicle that gives rise to telencephalic ventricle/lateral ventricles and 3rd ventricle" [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "forebrain ventricle" RELATED [VHOG:0000644] synonym: "forebrain vesicle" RELATED [VHOG:0000644] synonym: "prosencephalic ventricle" RELATED [VHOG:0000644] synonym: "prosencephalic vesicle" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001571] xref: EHDAA2:0001571 xref: EHDAA:1356 xref: EMAPA:16521 xref: SCTID:361480006 xref: TAO:0001259 xref: VHOG:0000644 xref: ZFA:0001259 is_a: UBERON:0013150 ! future brain vesicle property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000644", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0878932504 Gilbert SF, Developmental Biology (2006) p.381-382, ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.500", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006301 name: telencephalic part of interventricular foramen namespace: uberon xref: EHDAA2:0001980 xref: EHDAA:5474 xref: EMAPA:16654 xref: EMAPA:16915 xref: VHOG:0000809 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0003993 ! interventricular foramen of CNS [Term] id: UBERON:0006304 name: trigeminal V preganglion namespace: uberon subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA:924 xref: EMAPA:16663 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002089 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001714 ! cranial ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0006308 name: vagal X nerve trunk namespace: uberon subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0002160 xref: EHDAA:4659 xref: EMAPA:17272 xref: VHOG:0000736 is_a: UBERON:0002464 ! nerve trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0004293 ! parasympathetic nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0006319 name: spinal cord reticular nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "spinal reticular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:73909] xref: FMA:73909 xref: MA:0001123 is_a: UBERON:0000125 ! neural nucleus is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002315 {is_inferred="true"} ! gray matter of spinal cord is_a: UBERON:0011777 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002256 ! dorsal horn of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006331 name: brainstem nucleus namespace: uberon def: "A nucleus of brain that is part of a brainstem." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000821 intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002298 ! brainstem [Term] id: UBERON:0006334 name: posterior lateral line namespace: uberon def: "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFA:0000944] comment: check XAO/AAO subset: dubious_grouping synonym: "pll" EXACT [ZFA:0000944] xref: AAO:0011024 xref: EFO:0003595 xref: TAO:0000944 xref: XAO:0000465 xref: ZFA:0000944 is_a: UBERON:0010202 ! lateral line property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000944", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: develops_from posterior lateral line primordium (TAO:0001157)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000944", ontology="TAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: part_of posterior lateral line system (TAO:0001471)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000944", ontology="TAO"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006338 name: lateral ventricle choroid plexus stroma namespace: uberon def: "A choroid plexus stroma that is part of a lateral ventricle." [OBOL:automatic] comment: editors note: definitions should be fixed to use generic stroma class xref: MA:0000963 intersection_of: UBERON:0005206 ! choroid plexus stroma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002307 ! choroid plexus of lateral ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0006339 name: third ventricle choroid plexus stroma namespace: uberon def: "A choroid plexus stroma that is part of a third ventricle." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000881 intersection_of: UBERON:0005206 ! choroid plexus stroma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002288 ! choroid plexus of third ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0006340 name: fourth ventricle choroid plexus stroma namespace: uberon def: "A choroid plexus stroma that is part of a fourth ventricle." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000985 intersection_of: UBERON:0005206 ! choroid plexus stroma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002290 ! choroid plexus of fourth ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0006377 name: remnant of Rathke's pouch namespace: uberon synonym: "hypophyseal cleft" RELATED [MA:0000857] xref: EMAPA:17518 xref: MA:0000857 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002196 ! adenohypophysis [Term] id: UBERON:0006445 name: caudal middle frontal gyrus namespace: uberon def: "Component of the middle frontal gyrus. The rostral boundary of the middle frontal gyrus was the rostral extent of the middle frontal gyrus whereas the caudal boundary was the precentral gyrus. The medial and lateral boundaries were designated as the superior frontal sulcus and the inferior frontal sulcus respectively (Christine Fennema-Notestine)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1083] synonym: "caudal middle frontal gyrus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1083] synonym: "posterior part of middle frontal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:70688] xref: FMA:70688 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1083 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon is_a: UBERON:0003022 ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002702 ! middle frontal gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0006446 name: rostral middle frontal gyrus namespace: uberon def: "Component of the middle frontal gyrus The rostral boundary is the first appearance of the superior frontal sulcus whereas the caudal boundary is the middle frontal gyrus. The medial and lateral boundaries are the superior frontal sulcus and the inferior frontal sulcus respectively (Christine Fennema-Notestine)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1090] synonym: "anterior part of middle frontal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:70687] synonym: "rostral middle frontal gyrus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1090] xref: FMA:70687 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1090 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon is_a: UBERON:0003022 ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002702 ! middle frontal gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0006447 name: fifth lumbar spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "fifth lumbar spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1251] synonym: "L5 segment" EXACT [FMA:71191] synonym: "L5 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1251] xref: FMA:71191 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1251 xref: SCTID:278775008 is_a: UBERON:0007716 ! lumbar subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006448 name: first lumbar spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "first lumbar spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1336] synonym: "L1 segment" EXACT [FMA:71187] synonym: "L1 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1336] xref: FMA:71187 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1336 xref: SCTID:278776009 is_a: UBERON:0007716 ! lumbar subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006449 name: third lumbar spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "L3 segment" EXACT [FMA:71189] synonym: "L3 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1340] synonym: "third lumbar spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1340] xref: FMA:71189 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1340 xref: SCTID:278778005 is_a: UBERON:0007716 ! lumbar subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006450 name: second lumbar spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "l2 segment" EXACT [FMA:71188] synonym: "L2 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1345] synonym: "second lumbar spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1345] xref: FMA:71188 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1345 xref: SCTID:278777000 is_a: UBERON:0007716 ! lumbar subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006451 name: fourth lumbar spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "L4 segment" EXACT [FMA:71190] synonym: "L4 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1352] xref: FMA:71190 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1352 xref: SCTID:278779002 is_a: UBERON:0007716 ! lumbar subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006452 name: fourth thoracic spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "T4 segment" EXACT [FMA:71170] synonym: "T4 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1378] xref: FMA:71170 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1378 xref: SCTID:278766006 is_a: UBERON:0007715 ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006453 name: fifth thoracic spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "fifth thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1383] synonym: "t5 segment" EXACT [FMA:71171] synonym: "T5 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1383] xref: FMA:71171 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1383 xref: SCTID:278767002 is_a: UBERON:0007715 ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006454 name: sixth thoracic spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "sixth thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1387] synonym: "t6 segment" EXACT [FMA:71172] synonym: "T6 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1387] xref: FMA:71172 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1387 xref: SCTID:278768007 is_a: UBERON:0007715 ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006455 name: seventh thoracic spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "seventh thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1392] synonym: "t7 segment" EXACT [FMA:71173] synonym: "T7 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1392] xref: FMA:71173 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1392 xref: SCTID:278769004 is_a: UBERON:0007715 ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006456 name: eighth thoracic spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "eighth thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1398] synonym: "t8 segment" EXACT [FMA:71174] synonym: "T8 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1398] xref: FMA:71174 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1398 xref: SCTID:278770003 is_a: UBERON:0007715 ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006457 name: first thoracic spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "first thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1452] synonym: "t1 segment" EXACT [FMA:62421] synonym: "T1 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1452] xref: FMA:62421 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1452 xref: SCTID:278762008 is_a: UBERON:0007715 ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006458 name: second thoracic spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "second thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1454] synonym: "t2 segment" EXACT [FMA:62422] synonym: "T2 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1454] xref: FMA:62422 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1454 xref: SCTID:278763003 is_a: UBERON:0007715 ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006459 name: third thoracic spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "t3 segment" EXACT [FMA:71169] synonym: "T3 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1458] synonym: "third thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1458] xref: FMA:71169 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1458 xref: SCTID:278764009 is_a: UBERON:0007715 ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006460 name: first sacral spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "first sacral spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1532] synonym: "S1 segment" EXACT [FMA:256625] synonym: "S1 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1532] xref: FMA:256625 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1532 xref: SCTID:278780004 is_a: UBERON:0007717 ! sacral subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006461 name: second sacral spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "S2 segment" EXACT [FMA:256627] synonym: "S2 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1539] synonym: "second sacral spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1539] xref: FMA:256627 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1539 xref: SCTID:278781000 is_a: UBERON:0007717 ! sacral subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006462 name: third sacral spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "S3 segment" EXACT [FMA:256629] synonym: "S3 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1544] synonym: "third sacral spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1544] xref: FMA:256629 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1544 xref: SCTID:278782007 is_a: UBERON:0007717 ! sacral subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006463 name: fourth sacral spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "S4 segment" EXACT [FMA:256631] synonym: "S4 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1548] xref: FMA:256631 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1548 xref: SCTID:278783002 is_a: UBERON:0007717 ! sacral subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006464 name: fifth sacral spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "fifth sacral spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1553] synonym: "S5 segment" EXACT [FMA:256633] synonym: "S5 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1553] xref: FMA:256633 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1553 xref: SCTID:278784008 is_a: UBERON:0007717 ! sacral subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006465 name: ninth thoracic spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "ninth thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1584] synonym: "t9 segment" EXACT [FMA:71175] synonym: "T9 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1584] xref: FMA:71175 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1584 xref: SCTID:278771004 is_a: UBERON:0007715 ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006466 name: tenth thoracic spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "t10 segment" EXACT [FMA:71176] synonym: "T10 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1591] synonym: "tenth thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1591] xref: FMA:71176 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1591 xref: SCTID:278772006 is_a: UBERON:0007715 ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006467 name: eleventh thoracic spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "eleventh thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1596] synonym: "t11 segment" EXACT [FMA:71177] synonym: "T11 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1596] xref: FMA:71177 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1596 xref: SCTID:278773001 is_a: UBERON:0007715 ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006468 name: twelfth thoracic spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "t12 segment" EXACT [FMA:71178] synonym: "T12 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1598] synonym: "twelfth thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1598] xref: FMA:71178 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1598 xref: SCTID:278774007 is_a: UBERON:0007715 ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006469 name: first cervical spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "C1 segment" EXACT [FMA:71179] synonym: "C1 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1694] synonym: "first cervical spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1694] xref: FMA:71179 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1694 xref: SCTID:278754000 is_a: UBERON:0007714 ! cervical subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006470 name: eighth cervical spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "C8 segment" EXACT [FMA:71186] synonym: "C8 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1696] synonym: "eighth cervical spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1696] xref: FMA:71186 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1696 xref: SCTID:278761001 is_a: UBERON:0007714 ! cervical subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006471 name: brodmann (1909) area 5 namespace: uberon def: "Brodmann area 5 is one of Brodmann's cytologically defined regions of the brain. It is involved in somatosensory processing and association." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_5] synonym: "area 5 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1736] synonym: "Area praeparietalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1736] synonym: "B09-5" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1736] synonym: "BA5" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 5" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1736] synonym: "Brodmann area 5" EXACT [FMA:68601] synonym: "Brodmann area 5, preparietal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1736] synonym: "preparietal area 5" EXACT [FMA:68601] synonym: "preparietal area 5" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_5] synonym: "secondary somatosensory cortex" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_5] xref: FMA:68601 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Brodmann_areas_5.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1736 xref: SCTID:384764008 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006472 name: brodmann (1909) area 6 namespace: uberon def: "Brodmann area 6, or BA6, is part of the frontal cortex in the human brain. Situated just anterior to the primary motor cortex, it is composed of the premotor cortex and, medially, the supplementary motor area, or SMA. This large area of the frontal cortex is believed to play a role in the planning of complex, coordinated movements. Brodmann area 6 is also called agranular frontal area 6 in humans because it lacks an internal granular cortical layer (layer IV). It is a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined precentral region of cerebral cortex. In the human brain, it is located on the portions of the precentral gyrus that are not occupied by the gigantopyramidal area 4; furthermore, BA6 extends onto the caudal portions of the superior frontal and middle frontal gyri. It extends from the cingulate sulcus on the medial aspect of the hemisphere to the lateral sulcus on the lateral aspect. It is bounded rostrally by the granular frontal region and caudally by the gigantopyramidal area 4 (Brodmann, 1909)." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_6] synonym: "agranular frontal area 6" EXACT [FMA:68602] synonym: "agranular frontal area 6" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_6] synonym: "area 6 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68602] synonym: "area 6 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1737] synonym: "Area frontalis agranularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1737] synonym: "B09-6" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1737] synonym: "BA6" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 6" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1737] synonym: "Brodmann area 6" EXACT [FMA:68602] synonym: "Brodmann area 6, agranular frontal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1737] synonym: "frontal belt" EXACT [FMA:68602] xref: FMA:68602 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/11/Brodmann_areas_6.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1737 xref: SCTID:384765009 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006473 name: brodmann (1909) area 18 namespace: uberon synonym: "area 18 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68615] synonym: "area 18 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1749] synonym: "Area parastriata" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_18] synonym: "Area parastriata" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1749] synonym: "B09-18" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1749] synonym: "BA18" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 18" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1749] synonym: "Brodmann area 18" EXACT [FMA:68615] synonym: "Brodmann area 18, parastriate" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1749] synonym: "brodmann's area 18" EXACT [FMA:68615] synonym: "parastriate area 18" EXACT [FMA:68615] synonym: "secondary visual area" EXACT [FMA:68615] synonym: "visual area ii" EXACT [FMA:68615] xref: FMA:68615 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1749 xref: SCTID:384773000 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006474 name: brodmann (1909) area 30 namespace: uberon def: "Brodmann area 30, also known as agranular retrolimbic area 30, is a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined retrosplenial region of the cerebral cortex. In the human it is located in the isthmus of cingulate gyrus. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded internally by the granular retrolimbic area 29, dorsally by the ventral posterior cingulate area 23 and ventrolaterally by the ectorhinal area 36 (Brodmann-1909)." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_30] synonym: "agranular retrolimbic area 30" EXACT [FMA:68627] synonym: "area 30 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68627] synonym: "area 30 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1764] synonym: "Area retrolimbica agranularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1764] synonym: "Area retrosplenialis agranularis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_30] synonym: "B09-30" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1764] synonym: "BA30" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 30" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1764] synonym: "Brodmann area 30" EXACT [FMA:68627] synonym: "Brodmann area 30, agranular retrolimbic" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1764] synonym: "brodmann's area 30" EXACT [FMA:68627] xref: FMA:68627 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1764 xref: SCTID:384784007 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006475 name: brodmann (1909) area 31 namespace: uberon def: "Brodmann area 31, also known as dorsal posterior cingulate area 31, is a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined cingulate region of the cerebral cortex. In the human it occupies portions of the posterior cingulate gyrus and medial aspect of the parietal lobe. Approximate boundaries are the cingulate sulcus dorsally and the parieto-occipital sulcus caudally. It partially surrounds the subparietal sulcus, the ventral continuation of the cingulate sulcus in the parietal lobe. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded rostrally by the ventral anterior cingulate area 24, ventrally by the ventral posterior cingulate area 23, dorsally by the gigantopyramidal area 4 and preparietal area 5 and caudally by the superior parietal area 7 (H) (Brodmann-1909)." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_31] synonym: "area 31 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68628] synonym: "area 31 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1765] synonym: "Area cingularis posterior dorsalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_31] synonym: "Area cingularis posterior dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1765] synonym: "B09-31" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1765] synonym: "BA31" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 31" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1765] synonym: "Brodmann area 31" EXACT [FMA:68628] synonym: "Brodmann area 31, dorsal posterior cingulate" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1765] synonym: "brodmann's area 31" EXACT [FMA:68628] synonym: "cinguloparietal transition area" EXACT [FMA:68628] synonym: "dorsal posterior cingulate area 31" EXACT [FMA:68628] xref: FMA:68628 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Brodmann_Cytoarchitectonics_31.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1765 xref: SCTID:384785008 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006476 name: brodmann (1909) area 33 namespace: uberon def: "Brodmann area 33, also known as pregenual area 33, is a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined cingulate region of cerebral cortex. It is a narrow band located in the anterior cingulate gyrus adjacent to the supracallosal gyrus in the depth of the callosal sulcus, near the genu of the corpus callosum. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded by the ventral anterior cingulate area 24 and the supracallosal gyrus (Brodmann-1909)." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_33] synonym: "area 33 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68630] synonym: "area 33 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1766] synonym: "Area praegenualis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1766] synonym: "Area praegenualis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_33] synonym: "B09-33" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1766] synonym: "BA33" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 33" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1766] synonym: "Brodmann area 33" EXACT [FMA:68630] synonym: "Brodmann area 33, pregenual" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1766] synonym: "brodmann's area 33" EXACT [FMA:68630] synonym: "pregenual area 33" EXACT [FMA:68630] xref: FMA:68630 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1766 xref: SCTID:384788005 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006477 name: brodmann (1909) area 34 namespace: uberon def: "Brodmann area 34 is a part of the brain. It has been described as part of the entorhinal area. It has been described as part of the superior temporal gyrus." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_34] synonym: "area 34 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68631] synonym: "area 34 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1767] synonym: "Area entorhinalis dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1767] synonym: "Area entorhinalis dorsalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_34] synonym: "B09-34" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1767] synonym: "BA34" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 34" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1767] synonym: "Brodmann area 34" EXACT [FMA:68631] synonym: "Brodmann area 34, dorsal entorhinal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1767] synonym: "dorsal entorhinal area 34" EXACT [FMA:68631] xref: FMA:68631 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1767 xref: SCTID:384789002 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006478 name: brodmann (1909) area 37 namespace: uberon def: "Brodmann area 37, or BA37, is part of the temporal cortex in the human brain. This area is known as occipitotemporal area 37 (H). It is a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined temporal region of cerebral cortex. It is located primarily in the caudal portions of the fusiform gyrus and inferior temporal gyrus on the mediobasal and lateral surfaces at the caudal extreme of the temporal lobe. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded caudally by the peristriate Brodmann area 19, rostrally by the inferior temporal area 20 and middle temporal area 21 and dorsally on the lateral aspect of the hemisphere by the angular area 39 (H) (Brodmann-1909)." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_37] synonym: "area 37 0f brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68634] synonym: "area 37 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1770] synonym: "Area occipitotemporalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1770] synonym: "Area occipitotemporalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_37] synonym: "B09-37" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1770] synonym: "BA37" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 37" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1770] synonym: "Brodmann area 37" EXACT [FMA:68634] synonym: "Brodmann area 37, occipitotemporal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1770] synonym: "occipitotemporal area 37" EXACT [FMA:68634] xref: FMA:68634 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1770 xref: SCTID:384792003 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006479 name: brodmann (1909) area 38 namespace: uberon synonym: "area 38 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68635] synonym: "area 38 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1771] synonym: "Area temporopolaris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1771] synonym: "B09-38" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1771] synonym: "BA38" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 38" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1771] synonym: "Brodmann area 38" EXACT [FMA:68635] synonym: "Brodmann area 38, temporopolar" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1771] synonym: "temporopolar area 38" EXACT [FMA:68635] xref: FMA:68635 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1771 xref: SCTID:384793008 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006480 name: brodmann (1909) area 39 namespace: uberon def: "." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_39] synonym: "angular area 39" EXACT [FMA:68636] synonym: "area 39 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68636] synonym: "area 39 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1772] synonym: "Area angularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1772] synonym: "B09-39" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1772] synonym: "BA39" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 39" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1772] synonym: "Brodmann area 39" EXACT [FMA:68636] synonym: "Brodmann area 39, angular" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1772] xref: FMA:68636 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1772 xref: SCTID:384794002 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006481 name: brodmann (1909) area 44 namespace: uberon synonym: "area 44 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68641] synonym: "area 44 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1776] synonym: "Area opercularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1776] synonym: "B09-44" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1776] synonym: "BA44" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 44" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1776] synonym: "Brodmann area 44" EXACT [FMA:68641] synonym: "Brodmann area 44, opercular" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1776] synonym: "opercular area 44" EXACT [FMA:68641] xref: FMA:68641 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1776 xref: SCTID:384803008 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006482 name: brodmann (1909) area 45 namespace: uberon def: "Brodmann area 45 (BA45), is part of the frontal cortex in the human brain. Situated on the lateral surface, inferior to BA9 and adjacent to BA46. This area is also known as pars triangular (of the inferior frontal gyrus). In the human, it occupies the triangular part of inferior frontal gyrus (H) and, surrounding the anterior horizontal limb of lateral sulcus (H), a portion of the orbital part of inferior frontal gyrus (H). Bounded caudally by the anterior ascending limb of lateral sulcus (H), it borders on the insula in the depth of the lateral sulcus. In terms of cytoarchitecture, it is bounded caudally by the opercular area 44 (BA44), rostrodorsally by the middle frontal area 46 (BA46), and ventrally by the orbital area 47 (BA47) (Brodmann-1909)." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_45] synonym: "area 45 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68642] synonym: "area 45 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1777] synonym: "Area triangularis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_45] synonym: "Area triangularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1777] synonym: "B09-45" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1777] synonym: "BA45" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 45" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1777] synonym: "Brodmann area 45" EXACT [FMA:68642] synonym: "Brodmann area 45, triangular" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1777] synonym: "triangular area 45" EXACT [FMA:68642] xref: FMA:68642 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1777 xref: SCTID:384805001 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006483 name: brodmann (1909) area 46 namespace: uberon def: "Brodmann area 46, or BA46, is part of the frontal cortex in the human brain. It is between BA10 and BA45. BA46 is known as middle frontal area 46. In the human it occupies approximately the middle third of the middle frontal gyrus and the most rostral portion of the inferior frontal gyrus. Brodmann area 46 roughly corresponds with the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), although the borders of area 46 are based on cytoarchitecture rather than function. The DLPFC also encompasses part of granular frontal area 9, directly adjacent on the dorsal surface of the cortex. Cytoarchitecturally, BA46 is bounded dorsally by the granular frontal area 9, rostroventrally by the frontopolar area 10 and caudally by the triangular area 45 (Brodmann-1909). There is some discrepancy between the extent of BA8 (Brodmann-1905) and the same area as described by Walker (1940)" [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_46] synonym: "area 46 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68643] synonym: "area 46 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1778] synonym: "Area frontalis media" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1778] synonym: "B09-46" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1778] synonym: "BA46" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 46" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1778] synonym: "Brodmann area 46" EXACT [FMA:68643] synonym: "Brodmann area 46, middle frontal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1778] synonym: "middle frontal area 46" EXACT [FMA:68643] synonym: "middle frontal area 46" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_46] xref: FMA:68643 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cd/Brodmann_area_46.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1778 xref: SCTID:384806000 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006484 name: brodmann (1909) area 47 namespace: uberon def: "Brodmann area 47, or BA47, is part of the frontal cortex in the human brain. Curving from the lateral surface of the frontal lobe into the ventral (orbital) frontal cortex. It is below areas BA10 and BA45, and beside BA11. This area is also known as orbital area 47. In the human, on the orbital surface it surrounds the caudal portion of the orbital sulcus (H) from which it extends laterally into the orbital part of inferior frontal gyrus (H). Cytoarchitectonically it is bounded caudally by the triangular area 45, medially by the prefrontal area 11 of Brodmann-1909, and rostrally by the frontopolar area 10 (Brodmann-1909). It incorporates the region that Brodmann identified as \"Area 12\" in the monkey, and therefore, following the suggestion of Michael Petrides, some contemporary neuroscientists refer to the region as \"BA47/12. \" BA47 has been implicated in the processing of syntax in spoken and signed languages, and more recently in musical syntax." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_47] synonym: "area 47 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68644] synonym: "area 47 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1779] synonym: "Area orbitalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_47] synonym: "Area orbitalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1779] synonym: "B09-47" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1779] synonym: "BA47" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 47" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1779] synonym: "Brodmann area 47" EXACT [FMA:68644] synonym: "Brodmann area 47, orbital" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1779] synonym: "orbital area 47" EXACT [FMA:68644] xref: FMA:68644 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1779 xref: SCTID:384807009 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006485 name: brodmann (1909) area 48 namespace: uberon def: "Retrosubicular area 48 is a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined hippocampal region of the cerebral cortex. In the human it is located on the medial surface of the temporal lobe. Cytoarchitectually it is bounded rostrally by the perirhinal area 35 and medially by the presubiculum. While described by Brodmann (Brodmann-1909), it was not included in his areal maps of human cortex (Brodmann-1909; Brodmann-1910)." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_48] synonym: "area 48 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:81151] synonym: "Area retrosubicularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1791] synonym: "B09-48" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1791] synonym: "BA48" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 48" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1791] synonym: "Brodmann area 48" EXACT [FMA:81151] synonym: "Brodmann area 48, retrosubicular" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1791] synonym: "brodmann's area 48" EXACT [FMA:81151] synonym: "retrosubicular area 48" EXACT [FMA:81151] xref: FMA:81151 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1791 xref: SCTID:384808004 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006486 name: brodmann (1909) area 52 namespace: uberon synonym: "area 52 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:81153] synonym: "Area parainsularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1792] synonym: "B09-52" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1792] synonym: "BA52" EXACT ABBREVIATION [] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 52" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1792] synonym: "Brodmann area 52" EXACT [FMA:81153] synonym: "Brodmann area 52, parainsular" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1792] synonym: "parainsular area 52" EXACT [FMA:81153] xref: FMA:81153 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1792 xref: SCTID:384809007 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006487 name: hadjikhani et al. (1998) visuotopic area v2d namespace: uberon synonym: "hadjikhani et al. (1998) visuotopic area v2d" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4055] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4055 is_a: UBERON:0003022 ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006488 name: third cervical spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "C3 segment" EXACT [FMA:71181] synonym: "C3 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_744] synonym: "third cervical spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_744] xref: FMA:71181 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_744 xref: SCTID:278756003 is_a: UBERON:0007714 ! cervical subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006489 name: second cervical spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "C2 segment" EXACT [FMA:71180] synonym: "C2 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_752] synonym: "second cervical spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_752] xref: FMA:71180 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_752 xref: SCTID:278755004 is_a: UBERON:0007714 ! cervical subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006490 name: fourth cervical spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "C4 segment" EXACT [FMA:71182] synonym: "C4 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_753] synonym: "forth cervical spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_753] xref: FMA:71182 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_753 xref: SCTID:278757007 is_a: UBERON:0007714 ! cervical subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006491 name: fifth cervical spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "C5 segment" EXACT [FMA:71183] synonym: "C5 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_760] synonym: "fifth cervical spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_760] xref: FMA:71183 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_760 xref: SCTID:278758002 is_a: UBERON:0007714 ! cervical subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006492 name: sixth cervical spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "C6 segment" EXACT [FMA:71184] synonym: "C6 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_766] synonym: "sixth cervical spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_766] xref: FMA:71184 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_766 xref: SCTID:278759005 is_a: UBERON:0007714 ! cervical subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006493 name: seventh cervical spinal cord segment namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "C7 segment" EXACT [FMA:71185] synonym: "C7 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_773] synonym: "seventh cervical spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_773] xref: FMA:71185 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_773 xref: SCTID:278760000 is_a: UBERON:0007714 ! cervical subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006514 name: pallidum namespace: uberon def: "Part of what are called the basal ganglia of the brain which consist of the globus pallidus and the ventral pallidum." [http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=11614] synonym: "neuraxis pallidum" EXACT [FMA:83684] synonym: "pallidum of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:83684] xref: ABA:PAL xref: FMA:83684 xref: MA:0000889 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0011300 {is_inferred="true"} ! gray matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002420 {source="MA"} ! basal ganglion property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002435 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006516 name: dorsal pallidum namespace: uberon synonym: "dorsal globus pallidus" RELATED [BTO:0004376] xref: ABA:PALd xref: BTO:0004376 xref: FMA:77619 is_a: UBERON:0005401 {is_inferred="true"} ! cerebral grey matter is_a: UBERON:0006514 {source="FMA"} ! pallidum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001875 {source="BTO"} ! globus pallidus [Term] id: UBERON:0006568 name: hypothalamic nucleus namespace: uberon def: "A nucleus of brain that is part of a hypothalamus." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nucleus of hypothalamus" EXACT [FMA:258762] xref: BTO:0002449 xref: FMA:258762 xref: MA:0002426 xref: SCTID:279304003 is_a: UBERON:0003048 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of hypothalamus is_a: UBERON:0006569 {is_inferred="true"} ! diencephalic nucleus intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0006569 name: diencephalic nucleus namespace: uberon def: "A nucleus of brain that is part of a diencephalon." [OBOL:automatic] xref: TAO:0002191 xref: ZFA:0001659 is_a: UBERON:0002784 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of diencephalon intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0006681 name: interthalamic adhesion namespace: uberon synonym: "Interthalamic connection" EXACT [FMA:74869] synonym: "Middle commissure" EXACT [FMA:74869] xref: EMAPA:18546 xref: FMA:74869 is_a: UBERON:0001020 ! commissure [Term] id: UBERON:0006691 name: tentorium cerebelli namespace: uberon def: "The tentorium cerebelli or cerebellar tentorium is an extension of the dura mater that separates the cerebellum from the inferior portion of the occipital lobes." [Wikipedia:Tentorium_cerebelli] synonym: "Cerebellar tentorium" EXACT [FMA:83966] synonym: "infratentorial neoplasms" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tentorium_cerebelli] synonym: "supratentorial neoplasms" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tentorium_cerebelli] xref: EMAPA:18210 xref: FMA:83966 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Illu_tentorium.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Tentorium_Cerebelli xref: SCTID:244428008 xref: UMLS:C0228121 xref: VHOG:0001298 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The tentorium cerebelli or cerebellar tentorium (Latin: [][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001298", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006694 name: cerebellum vasculature namespace: uberon is_a: UBERON:0005284 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain vasculature [Term] id: UBERON:0006695 name: mammillary axonal complex namespace: uberon def: "The mammillary axonal complex is formed by the axons from the lateral, medial mammillary and the dorsal premammillary nuclei which share a branching pattern. Every neuron gives off one axonal stem that bifurcates into 2 branches. One of the branches is directed dorsally to the thalamus and another caudally to the midbrain[GO]." [GO:0061373] is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002206 ! mammillary body [Term] id: UBERON:0006696 name: mammillothalamic axonal tract namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0009642 def: "The mammillothalamic tract is the collection of axons that connects the two major subdivisions of the diencephalon (hypothalamus and thalamus) and closes the diencephalic circuit[GO]." [GO:0061374, Wikipedia:Mammillothalamic_fasciculus] comment: The mammillothalamic fasciculus arises from cells in both the medial and lateral nuclei of the mammillary body and by fibers that are directly continued from the fornix. The Mammillothalamic fasciculus then connects the mammillary body to the dorsal tegmental nuclei, the ventral tegmental nuclei, and the anterior thalamic nucleus [WP] synonym: "bundle of vicq d%27azyr" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mammillothalamic_fasciculus] synonym: "bundle of vicq d%e2%80%99azyr" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mammillothalamic_fasciculus] synonym: "fasciculus mammillothalamicus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "fasciculus mammillothalamicus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mammillothalamic_fasciculus] synonym: "mamillo-thalamic tract" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mammillothalamic_fasciculus] synonym: "mammillo-thalamic fasciculus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mammillothalamic_fasciculus] synonym: "mammillothalamic fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:83849] synonym: "mammillothalamic tract" EXACT [FMA:83849] synonym: "mammillothalamic tract" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mammillothalamic_fasciculus] synonym: "thalamomammillary fasciculus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mammillothalamic_fasciculus] synonym: "vicq d'azyr's bundle" EXACT [FMA:83849] xref: FMA:83849 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1010016 is_a: UBERON:0001018 ! axon tract is_a: UBERON:0011591 {is_inferred="true"} ! tract of diencephalon relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0006695 ! mammillary axonal complex [Term] id: UBERON:0006697 name: mammillotectal axonal tract namespace: uberon def: "The mammillotectal tract is the collection of axons that connects the ventral diencephalon to the superior colliculus." [GO:0061375] is_a: UBERON:0001018 ! axon tract is_a: UBERON:0011591 {is_inferred="true"} ! tract of diencephalon relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus relationship: part_of UBERON:0006695 ! mammillary axonal complex [Term] id: UBERON:0006698 name: mammillotegmental axonal tract namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0002725 def: "The mammillotegmental tract is the collection of axons that connects the ventral diencephalon to the tegmentum and pons" [GO:0061376] synonym: "Gudden tract" EXACT [FMA:62058] synonym: "mammillotegmental fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:62058] synonym: "mammillotegmental tract" EXACT [FMA:62058] synonym: "mammillotegmental tract of hypothalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1497] synonym: "von Gudden's tract" EXACT [FMA:62058] xref: FMA:62058 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1497 xref: SCTID:369140005 is_a: UBERON:0001018 ! axon tract is_a: UBERON:0011591 {is_inferred="true"} ! tract of diencephalon relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000988 ! pons relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002770 {source="FMA"} ! posterior hypothalamic region relationship: part_of UBERON:0006695 ! mammillary axonal complex [Term] id: UBERON:0006743 name: paleodentate of dentate nucleus namespace: uberon synonym: "paleodentate of dentate nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1490] synonym: "paleodentate part of dentate nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72540] synonym: "paleodentate portion of dentate nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72540] synonym: "PDT" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1490] xref: FMA:72540 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1490 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0002946 ! regional part of cerebellum is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002132 ! dentate nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0006779 name: superficial white layer of superior colliculus namespace: uberon def: "superficial white matter layer of superior collilculus that consists mainly of axions from the optic nerve." [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "lamina colliculi superioris iii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71112, FMA:TA] synonym: "lamina III of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "layer III of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:71112] synonym: "optic layer" EXACT [FMA:71112] synonym: "optic layer of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:71112] synonym: "stratum opticum colliculi superioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71112, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:SCop xref: FMA:71112 is_a: UBERON:0006786 ! white matter of superior colliculus is_a: UBERON:0006791 ! superficial layer of superior colliculus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006120 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006780 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006780 name: zonal layer of superior colliculus namespace: uberon def: "a thin layer consisting of small myelinated axons together with marginal and horizontal cells." [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "lamina colliculi superioris i" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72406, FMA:TA] synonym: "lamina I of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "layer I of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72406] synonym: "stratum zonale of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72406] xref: ABA:SCzo xref: FMA:72406 is_a: UBERON:0006785 ! gray matter of superior colliculus is_a: UBERON:0006791 ! superficial layer of superior colliculus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006120 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006779 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006782 name: stratum lemnisci of superior colliculus namespace: uberon xref: FMA:72408 is_a: UBERON:0006785 ! gray matter of superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0006783 name: layer of superior colliculus namespace: uberon def: "The microstructure of the optic tectum / superior colliculus varies across species. As a general rule, there is always a clear distinction between superficial layers, which receive input primarily from the visual system and show primarily visual responses, and deeper layers, which receive many types of input and project to numerous motor-related brain areas. The distinction between these two zones is so clear and consistent that some anatomists have suggested that they should be considered separate brain structures. In mammals, neuroanatomists conventionally identify seven layers[WP]." [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005033 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure [Term] id: UBERON:0006785 name: gray matter of superior colliculus namespace: uberon synonym: "gray matter layer of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:77870] xref: FMA:77870 is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter intersection_of: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0006786 name: white matter of superior colliculus namespace: uberon synonym: "white matter layer of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:83899] xref: FMA:83899 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1023 is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter intersection_of: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0006787 name: middle white layer of superior colliculus namespace: uberon subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "intermediate white layer" EXACT [FMA:71113] synonym: "intermediate white layer of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:71113] synonym: "lamina colliculi superioris v" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71113, FMA:TA] synonym: "lamina V of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "layer V of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:71113] synonym: "stratum album centrale" RELATED [TAO:0001351] synonym: "stratum album intermediale of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "stratum medullare intermedium colliculi superioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71113, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:71113 xref: TAO:0001351 xref: ZFA:0001351 is_a: UBERON:0006786 ! white matter of superior colliculus is_a: UBERON:0006792 ! intermediate layer of superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0006788 name: middle gray layer of superior colliculus namespace: uberon subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "intermediate gray layer" EXACT [FMA:72409] synonym: "intermediate grey layer of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72409] synonym: "lamina colliculi superioris iv" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72409, FMA:TA] synonym: "lamina IV of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "layer IV of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72409] synonym: "stratum griseum centrale" RELATED [TAO:0001350] synonym: "stratum griseum intermediale of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "stratum griseum intermedium colliculi superioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72409, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:72409 xref: TAO:0001350 xref: ZFA:0001350 is_a: UBERON:0006785 ! gray matter of superior colliculus is_a: UBERON:0006792 ! intermediate layer of superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0006789 name: deep gray layer of superior colliculus namespace: uberon synonym: "deep grey layer of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72410] synonym: "lamina colliculi superioris vi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72410, FMA:TA] synonym: "lamina VI of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "layer VI of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72410] synonym: "stratum griseum profundum colliculi superioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72410, FMA:TA] synonym: "stratum griseum profundum of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] xref: FMA:72410 is_a: UBERON:0006785 ! gray matter of superior colliculus is_a: UBERON:0006793 ! deep layer of superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0006790 name: deep white layer of superior colliculus namespace: uberon def: "deep white matter layer of superior collilculus that consists entirely of fibers." [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "deep white zone" RELATED [TAO:0000494] synonym: "lamina colliculi superioris vii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72416, FMA:TA] synonym: "lamina VII of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "layer VII of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72416] synonym: "stratum album profundum of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] xref: FMA:72416 xref: TAO:0000494 xref: ZFA:0000494 is_a: UBERON:0006786 ! white matter of superior colliculus is_a: UBERON:0006793 ! deep layer of superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0006791 name: superficial layer of superior colliculus namespace: uberon synonym: "superficial grey and white zone" RELATED [TAO:0000686] synonym: "superficial grey and white zones" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000686] xref: BM:MB-Tec-SCS xref: TAO:0000686 xref: ZFA:0000686 is_a: UBERON:0006783 ! layer of superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0006792 name: intermediate layer of superior colliculus namespace: uberon def: "A layer of superior colliculus that adjacent_to a superficial layer of superior colliculus and adjacent_to a deep layer of superior colliculus." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "central zone" RELATED [TAO:0000327] xref: BM:MB-Tec-SCI xref: TAO:0000327 xref: ZFA:0000327 intersection_of: UBERON:0006783 ! layer of superior colliculus intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0006791 ! superficial layer of superior colliculus intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0006793 ! deep layer of superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0006793 name: deep layer of superior colliculus namespace: uberon xref: BM:MB-Tec-SCD is_a: UBERON:0006783 ! layer of superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0006794 name: visual processing part of nervous system namespace: uberon comment: This grouping class is primarily to accommodate GO subset: grouping_class synonym: "optic lobe" RELATED [GAID:1233] xref: GAID:1233 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0006795 name: arthropod optic lobe namespace: uberon def: "A region of the adult brain that processes the visual information from the compound eyes." [FBC:gg, ISBN:978-3-11-014898-5] comment: Editor notes: this term should be ceded to the arthropod anatomy ontology synonym: "optic lobe" RELATED SENSU [FBbt:00003701] xref: FBbt:00003701 is_a: UBERON:0006794 ! visual processing part of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0006796 name: cephalopod optic lobe namespace: uberon def: "Large lobes of the brain associated with the eyes. In octopods and some squids the optic lobes may be separated from the rest of the brain by an optic stalk of varying length. In Octopus the optic lobes contain 92 million cells compared with only 42 million in the main central mass of the brain (J. Young, 1963) ." [http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary?acc_id=587] synonym: "optic lobe" RELATED SENSU [] is_a: UBERON:0006794 ! visual processing part of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0006798 name: efferent nerve namespace: uberon def: "A group of neurons that provides a nervous signal to a tissue." [AEO:JB] xref: AEO:0000202 xref: EHDAA2:0003231 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0006838 name: anterior ramus of spinal nerve namespace: uberon def: "The ventral ramus (anterior ramus, anterior branch, anterior divisions of the spinal nerves) supply the antero-lateral parts of the trunk, and the limbs; they are for the most part larger than the posterior divisions. In the thoracic region they remain distinct from each other and each innervates a narrow strip of muscle and skin along the sides, chest, ribs, and abdominal wall. These rami are called the intercostal nerves. In regions other than the thoracic, ventral rami converge with each other to form networks of nerves called nerve plexuses. Within each plexus, fibers from the various ventral rami branch and become redistributed so that each nerve exiting the plexus has fibers from several different spinal nerves. One advantage to having plexuses is that damage to a single spinal nerve will not completely paralyze a limb. There are four main plexuses formed by the ventral rami: The cervical plexus contains ventral rami from spinal nerves C1-C5. Branches of the cervical plexus, which include the phrenic nerve, innervate muscles of the neck, the diaphragm, and the skin of the neck and upper chest. The brachial plexus contains ventral rami from spinal nerves C5-T1. This plexus innervates the pectoral girdle and upper limb. The lumbar plexus contains ventral rami from spinal nerves L1-L4. The sacral plexus contains ventral rami from spinal nerves L4-S4. The lumbar and sacral plexuses innervate the pelvic girdle and lower limbs. The Ventral rami, including the sinuvertebral nerve branches, supply structures anterior to the facet joint, including the vertebral bodies, the discs and their ligaments and joints other spinal nerves to form the lumbo-sacral plexus." [Wikipedia:Anterior_ramus_of_spinal_nerve] synonym: "anterior primary ramus of spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5982] synonym: "ramus anterior" BROAD [FMA:5982] synonym: "ramus anterior nervi spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_ramus_of_spinal_nerve] synonym: "ventral ramus of spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5982] xref: FMA:5982 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Spinal_nerve.svg is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0005476 ! spinal nerve trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0001780 ! spinal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0006839 name: posterior ramus of spinal nerve namespace: uberon def: "The posterior (or dorsal) branches (or divisions) of the spinal nerves are as a rule smaller than the anterior divisions. They are also referred to as the dorsal rami. They are directed backward, and, with the exceptions of those of the first cervical, the fourth and fifth sacral, and the coccygeal, divide into medial and lateral branches for the supply of the muscles and skin of the posterior part of the trunk. Shortly after a spinal nerve exits the intervertebral foramen, it branches into the dorsal ramus, ventral ramus, and rami communicantes. Each of these latter three structures carries both sensory and motor information. Because each spinal nerve carries both sensory and motor information, spinal nerves are referred to as bmixed nerves. b Dorsal rami carry visceral motor, somatic motor, and sensory information to and from the skin and muscles of the back. Dorsal rami remain distinct from each other, and each innervates a narrow strip of skin and muscle along the back, more or less at the level from which the ramus leaves the spinal nerve. The smaller, posteriorly-directed major terminal branch (with the ventral primary ramus) of all 31 pairs of mixed spinal nerves, formed at the intervertebral foramen and turning abruptly posteriorly to divide into lateral and medial branches, both of which will supply the deep (true) muscles of the back. The medial branch (rami medialis) of the dorsal primary ramus also supplies articular branches to the zygopophyseal joints and the periosteum of the vertebral arch. In the neck and upper back, the medial branch continues through the deep and superficial back muscles to supply overlying skin; in the lower back, the lateral branch does this. Nomina Anatomica lists dorsal primary rami as \"rami dorsales\" for each group of spinal nerves: 1) cervical (nervorum cervicalium), 2) thoracic (nervorum thoracicorum), 3) lumbar (nervorum lumbalium), 4) sacral (nervorum sacralium), and 5) coccygeal (nervi coccygei). Synonyms: ramus dorsalis nervorum spinalium, ramus dorsalis, rami posteriores nervorum spinalium, dorsal branch, posterior primary division." [Wikipedia:Posterior_ramus_of_spinal_nerve] synonym: "dorsal ramus" EXACT [FMA:5983] synonym: "dorsal ramus of spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5983] synonym: "posterior primary ramus" EXACT [FMA:5983] synonym: "ramus posterior" BROAD [FMA:5983] synonym: "ramus posterior nervi spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_ramus_of_spinal_nerve] xref: AAO:0010800 xref: FMA:5983 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Gray819.png is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0005476 ! spinal nerve trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0001780 ! spinal nerve property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "A thin ramus which branches from the common trunk of the PLLN when it separates from the postotic ganglionic complex. It turns dorsally and extends over the trunk and dorsal fin innervating the dorsal line of neuromasts.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010800", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:SIQ"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: subclass posterior lateral line nerve (PLLN) (AAO:0010115)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010800", ontology="AAO"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006840 name: nucleus of lateral lemniscus namespace: uberon comment: not clear if the ZFA class denotes the same entity; check relationship to midbrain tegmentum - this leads to inconsistency with ABA. The FMA class should represnet the grouping, but there is no FMA class for the singular at the moment subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lateral lemniscus nuclei" EXACT [ZFA:0000380] synonym: "lateral lemniscus nucleus" EXACT [TAO:0000380] synonym: "nuclei lemnisci lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:84025, FMA:TA] synonym: "nuclei of lateral lemniscus" RELATED [FMA:84025] synonym: "set of nuclei of lateral lemniscus" RELATED [FMA:84025] xref: ABA:NLL xref: EV:0100265 xref: FMA:84025 xref: SCTID:369023003 xref: TAO:0000380 xref: ZFA:0000380 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002128 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002597 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007634 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006847 name: cerebellar commissure namespace: uberon subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "commissura cerebelli" EXACT [ZFA:0000490] xref: FMA:77522 xref: TAO:0000490 xref: ZFA:0000490 is_a: UBERON:0001020 ! commissure is_a: UBERON:0002317 ! white matter of cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0006848 name: posterior pretectal nucleus namespace: uberon def: "Diencephalic nucleus that is part of the superficial pretectum and is rostrally contiguous with the magnocellular superficial pretectal nucleus. Cells of the caudal pretectal nucleus are slightly smaller and less orderly around a central neuropil than those of the magnocellular superficial pretectal nucleus. From Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain." [ZFA:0000631] subset: dubious_grouping subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "caudal pretectal nuclei" EXACT [ZFA:0000631] synonym: "posterior pretectal nucleus" EXACT [ZFA:0000631] xref: ABA:PPT xref: FMA:84355 xref: TAO:0000631 xref: ZFA:0000631 is_a: UBERON:0006569 ! diencephalic nucleus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002565 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002711 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002996 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006932 name: vestibular epithelium namespace: uberon def: "An epithelium that is part of a vestibular labyrinth." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of vestibular labyrinth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inner ear vestibular component epithelium" EXACT [RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000834] synonym: "vestibular sensory epithelium" EXACT [FMA:75606] xref: FMA:75606 xref: MA:0002892 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000834 is_a: UBERON:0006934 ! sensory epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0006934 name: sensory epithelium namespace: uberon def: "Simple columnar epithelium made up of cells specialized to serve as sensory cells for the reception of external stimuli, as the sensory cells of the cochlea, vestibule, nasal mucosa, and tongue." [BTO:0000314] comment: note that the definition sourced from Dorlands say 'simple columnar', but FMA says atypical synonym: "neuroepithelium" RELATED INCONSISTENT [BTO:0000314] xref: FMA:62410 xref: SCTID:309045006 relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0006935 name: crista ampullaris neuroepithelium namespace: uberon def: "An epithelium that is part of a crista ampullaris." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ampullary crest neuroepithelium" RELATED [MA:0002870] synonym: "epithelium of crista of ampulla of semicircular duct of membranous labyrinth" EXACT [FMA:75636] xref: FMA:75636 xref: MA:0002870 is_a: UBERON:0006932 {source="FMA"} ! vestibular epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0006964 name: pars distalis of adenohypophysis namespace: uberon def: "The distal part of adenohypophysis: the part that makes up the main body of the gland." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource, Wikipedia:Pars_distalis] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior lobe" RELATED [MA:0000854] synonym: "pars anterior" BROAD [EHDAA2:0001416, MA:0000854, ZFA:0001195] synonym: "pars anterior of adenohypophysis" EXACT [FMA:74630] synonym: "pars distalis" RELATED [MA:0000854] synonym: "pars distalis (glandula pituitaria)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74630, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars distalis adenohypophyseos" RELATED [BTO:0001787] synonym: "pars distalis adenohypophysis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74630, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars distalis lobi anterioris hypophyseos" RELATED [BTO:0001787] synonym: "pars distalis of anterior lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT [FMA:74630] synonym: "pars glandularis" RELATED [MA:0000854] synonym: "pars glandularis of adenohypophysis" EXACT [FMA:74630] xref: AAO:0010542 xref: BTO:0001787 xref: EHDAA2:0001416 xref: EHDAA:7532 xref: EMAPA:17515 xref: FMA:74630 xref: MA:0000854 xref: TAO:0001195 xref: VHOG:0000244 xref: ZFA:0001195 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002196 {source="MA"} ! adenohypophysis property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Region of the adenohypophysis which produces the follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, thyrotropin, and adrenocorticotropin.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010542", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The anterior part of the adenohypophysis. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000244", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://www.thefreedictionary.com/pars+anterior"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. An infundibulum grows ventrally from the diencephalon of the brain, and Rathke's pouch extends dorsally from the roof of the developing mouth, or stomodaeum. The infundibulum remains connected to the floor of the diencephalon, which becomes the hypothalamus, and gives rise to the part of the gland known as the neurohypophysis. (...) Rathke's pouch loses its connection with the stomodaeum in most adult vertebrates and gives rise to the rest of the gland, the adenohypophysis. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000244", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.510 and Figure 15-5", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007134 name: trunk ganglion namespace: uberon def: "Ganglion which is located in the trunk." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "body ganglion" EXACT [MAT:0000344] synonym: "trunk ganglia" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001573] xref: EFO:0000901 xref: MAT:0000344 xref: MIAA:0000344 xref: TAO:0001573 xref: ZFA:0001573 [Term] id: UBERON:0007152 name: inferior sagittal sinus namespace: uberon xref: EMAPA:18635 xref: FMA:50768 xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Sagittal_Sinus xref: SCTID:279260007 xref: UMLS:C0226861 is_a: UBERON:0003499 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0005486 ! venous dural sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0007160 name: inferior petrosal sinus namespace: uberon synonym: "sinus petrosal inferior" EXACT [FMA:50770] xref: EMAPA:19234 xref: FMA:50770 xref: SCTID:279263009 is_a: UBERON:0003499 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0005486 ! venous dural sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0007190 name: paracentral gyrus namespace: uberon xref: FMA:77537 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0007191 name: anterior paracentral gyrus namespace: uberon xref: FMA:77537 is_a: UBERON:0007190 ! paracentral gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0007192 name: posterior paracentral gyrus namespace: uberon xref: FMA:77538 is_a: UBERON:0007190 ! paracentral gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0007193 name: orbital gyrus namespace: uberon def: "The inferior or orbital surface of the frontal lobe is concave, and rests on the orbital plate of the frontal bone. It is divided into four orbital gyri by a well-marked H-shaped orbital sulcus. These are named, from their position, the medial, anterior, lateral, and posterior orbital gyri. The medial orbital gyrus presents a well-marked antero-posterior sulcus, the olfactory sulcus, for the olfactory tract; the portion medial to this is named the straight gyrus, and is continuous with the superior frontal gyrus on the medial surface." [Wikipedia:Orbital_gyri] synonym: "gyrus orbitales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Orbital_gyri] synonym: "orbital gyri" EXACT PLURAL [Wikipedia:Orbital_gyri] xref: FMA:256194 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG xref: SCTID:280372002 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0007224 name: medial entorhinal cortex namespace: uberon def: "The entorhinal cortex (EC) is an important memory center in the brain. In rodents, the EC is located at the caudal end of the temporal lobe. In primates it is located at the rostral end of the temporal lobe and stretches dorsolaterally. It is usually divided into medial and lateral regions with three bands with distinct properties and connectivity running perpendicular across the whole area." [BTO:0004347] xref: BTO:0004346 xref: MA:0000922 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002728 ! entorhinal area relationship: part_of UBERON:0002895 ! secondary olfactory cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0007225 name: lateral entorhinal cortex namespace: uberon def: "The entorhinal cortex (EC) is an important memory center in the brain. In rodents, the EC is located at the caudal end of the temporal lobe. In primates it is located at the rostral end of the temporal lobe and stretches dorsolaterally. It is usually divided into medial and lateral regions with three bands with distinct properties and connectivity running perpendicular across the whole area." [BTO:0004347] synonym: "Entorhinal area, lateral part" EXACT [ABA:ENTl] xref: ABA:ENTl xref: BTO:0004347 xref: MA:0000911 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002728 ! entorhinal area relationship: part_of UBERON:0002895 ! secondary olfactory cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0007227 name: superior vestibular nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The superior vestibular nucleus is the dorso-lateral part of the vestibular nucleus and receives collaterals and terminals from the ascending branches of the vestibular nerve. Its axons terminate in much the same manner as do those from the lateral nucleus." [Wikipedia:Superior_vestibular_nucleus] synonym: "Bechterew's nucleus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_vestibular_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus of Bechterew" EXACT [FMA:54617] synonym: "nucleus vestibularis superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_vestibular_nucleus] xref: ABA:SUV xref: BM:Me-VS-VSS xref: BTO:0004372 xref: EV:0100257 xref: FMA:54617 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Gray761.png xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Vestibular_Nucleus xref: UMLS:C0228757 is_a: UBERON:0007228 ! vestibular nucleus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001721 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001722 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007230 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007228 name: vestibular nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The vestibular nuclei are the cranial nuclei for the vestibular nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vestibular_nuclei] comment: See comments for 'vestibular nuclear complex synonym: "vestibular nucleus of acoustic nerve" EXACT [FMA:54602] synonym: "vestibular nucleus of eighth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:54602] synonym: "vestibular VIII nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001032] xref: EV:0100254 xref: FMA:54602 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Gray691.png xref: MA:0001032 xref: ncithesaurus:Vestibular_Nucleus xref: SCTID:362462004 xref: UMLS:C0042600 is_a: UBERON:0000126 ! cranial nerve nucleus is_a: UBERON:0002584 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of vestibular nuclear complex is_a: UBERON:0007635 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0002673 ! vestibular nuclear complex [Term] id: UBERON:0007230 name: lateral vestibular nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The lateral vestibular nucleus (Deitersbs nucleus) is the continuation upward and lateralward of the principal nucleus, and in it terminate many of the ascending branches of the vestibular nerve." [Wikipedia:Lateral_vestibular_nucleus] synonym: "Deiter's nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54614] synonym: "Deiters' nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54614] synonym: "lateral nucleus of Deiters" EXACT [FMA:54614] synonym: "nucleus of Deiters" EXACT [FMA:54614] synonym: "nucleus vestibularis lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_vestibular_nucleus] xref: ABA:LAV xref: BM:Me-VS-VSL xref: BTO:0004370 xref: FMA:54614 xref: GAID:603 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Gray761.png xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.810.428.600.800.800 xref: ncithesaurus:Lateral_Vestibular_Nucleus xref: SCTID:280176007 xref: UMLS:C0011193 is_a: UBERON:0007228 ! vestibular nucleus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001721 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001722 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007227 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007244 name: inferior olivary nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The inferior olivary nucleus is the largest nucleus situated in the olivary body, part of the medulla oblongata." [Wikipedia:Inferior_olivary_nucleus] synonym: "inferior olive" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inferior_olivary_nucleus] xref: BTO:0003844 xref: EMAPA:19241 xref: SCTID:369066005 xref: VHOG:0001380 is_a: UBERON:0002574 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of inferior olivary complex is_a: UBERON:0007635 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of medulla oblongata intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002127 ! inferior olivary complex [Term] id: UBERON:0007245 name: nuclear complex of neuraxis namespace: uberon def: "Internal gray matter component which consists of an assemblage of nuclei of neuraxis. Example: cerebellar nuclear complex, Vestibular nuclear complex.[FMA]" [FMA:84059, FMA:FMA] comment: todo - move existing complex classes currently under nucleus to be under this class synonym: "cluster of neural nuclei" RELATED [] synonym: "neural nuclei" RELATED [] synonym: "nuclear complex" RELATED [] xref: FMA:84059 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0000125 ! neural nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0007247 name: superior olivary nucleus namespace: uberon def: "A nucleus of brain that is part of a superior olivary complex." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nucleus of superior olivary complex" EXACT [FMA:72246] synonym: "superior olivary complex nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72246] synonym: "superior olive" RELATED [MA:0001026] xref: FMA:72246 xref: MA:0001026 xref: SCTID:369024009 xref: VHOG:0001381 is_a: UBERON:0002680 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindbrain nucleus intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002128 ! superior olivary complex [Term] id: UBERON:0007249 name: dorsal accessory inferior olivary nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The inferior olivary nucleus that is the smallest, and appears on transverse section as a curved lamina behind the primary olivary nucleus" [Wikipedia:Olivary_body#Olivary_nuclei] synonym: "dorsal accessory olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72593] synonym: "inferior olivary complex, dorsal accessory olive" EXACT [FMA:72593] synonym: "inferior olive, dorsal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72593] synonym: "nucleus olivaris accessorius posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72593, FMA:TA] synonym: "posterior accessory olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72593] xref: FMA:72593 xref: SCTID:369068006 is_a: UBERON:0007244 ! inferior olivary nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0007251 name: preoptic nucleus namespace: uberon def: "A nucleus of brain that is part of a preoptic area." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EV:0100226 is_a: UBERON:0006569 {is_inferred="true"} ! diencephalic nucleus intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001928 ! preoptic area [Term] id: UBERON:0007274 name: crista of ampulla of anterior semicircular duct of membranous laybrinth namespace: uberon def: "A crista ampullaris neuroepithelium that is part of a anterior semicircular duct." [OBOL:automatic] comment: todo - unvetted subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "AC" RELATED [TAO:0000619] synonym: "anterior crista" RELATED [TAO:0000619] synonym: "anterior crista ampullaris" EXACT [ZFA:0000619] synonym: "anterior cristae" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000619] synonym: "anterior semicircular canal sensory patch" EXACT [ZFA:0000619] synonym: "anterior semicircular canal sensory patches" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000619] synonym: "rostral crista" EXACT [ZFA:0000619] synonym: "sensory patches" RELATED [TAO:0000619] xref: FMA:75610 xref: TAO:0000619 xref: XAO:0004137 xref: ZFA:0000619 property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Patches of thickened, pseudostratified epithelium of the inner ear, consisting of regular arrays of sensory hair cells interspersed with supporting cells. Each patch has its own charcteristic shape and polarity pattern. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000619", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007275 name: crista of ampulla of posterior semicircular duct of membranous laybrinth namespace: uberon def: "A crista ampullaris neuroepithelium that is part of a posterior semicircular duct." [OBOL:automatic] comment: todo - unvetted subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "caudal crista" EXACT [ZFA:0000566] synonym: "PC" RELATED [TAO:0000566] synonym: "posterior crista" RELATED [TAO:0000566] synonym: "posterior crista ampullaris" EXACT [ZFA:0000566] synonym: "posterior cristae" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000566] synonym: "posterior semicircular canal sensory patch" EXACT [ZFA:0000566] synonym: "posterior semicircular canal sensory patches" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000566] synonym: "sensory patches" RELATED [TAO:0000566] xref: FMA:75611 xref: TAO:0000566 xref: XAO:0004133 xref: ZFA:0000566 property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Patches of thickened, pseudostratified epithelium of the inner ear, consisting of regular arrays of sensory hair cells interspersed with supporting cells. Each patch has its own charcteristic shape and polarity pattern. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000566", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007276 name: crista of ampulla of lateral semicircular duct of membranous laybrinth namespace: uberon def: "A crista ampullaris neuroepithelium that is part of a lateral semicircular duct." [OBOL:automatic] comment: todo - unvetted subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lateral crista" RELATED [TAO:0000166] synonym: "lateral crista ampullaris" EXACT [ZFA:0000166] synonym: "lateral cristae" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000166] synonym: "lateral semicircular canal sensory patch" EXACT [ZFA:0000166] synonym: "lateral semicircular canal sensory patches" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000166] synonym: "LC" RELATED [TAO:0000166] synonym: "sensory patches" RELATED [TAO:0000166] xref: FMA:75612 xref: TAO:0000166 xref: ZFA:0000166 property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Patches of thickened, pseudostratified epithelium of the inner ear, consisting of regular arrays of sensory hair cells interspersed with supporting cells. Each patch has its own charcteristic shape and polarity pattern. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000166", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007299 name: choroid plexus of tectal ventricle namespace: uberon def: "A choroid plexus that is part of a cerebral aqueduct." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "choroid plexus tectal ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0001445] xref: TAO:0001445 xref: ZFA:0001445 intersection_of: UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002289 ! midbrain cerebral aqueduct [Term] id: UBERON:0007333 name: avian pallium namespace: uberon def: "In the anatomy of animals, an avian pallium is the dorsal telencephalon of a bird's brain. Pallium of avian species tend to be relatively large, comprising ~75% of the telencephalic volume." [Wikipedia:Avian_pallium] xref: BTO:0003399 is_a: UBERON:0000203 ! pallium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0007334 name: nidopallium namespace: uberon def: "The nidopallium, meaning nested pallium, is the region of the avian brain that is used mostly for some types of executive functions but also other higher cognitive tasks. The region was renamed to nidopallium in 2002 during the Avian Brain Nomenclature Consortium because the prior name suggested that the region was used for more primitive functions." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avian_Brain_Nomenclature_Consortium, Wikipedia:Nidopallium] synonym: "nested pallium" RELATED [BTO:0003389] xref: BTO:0003389 is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0007333 ! avian pallium [Term] id: UBERON:0007347 name: hyperpallium namespace: uberon def: "Birds have a unique pallial structure known as the hyperpallium, once called the hyperstriatum." [Wikipedia:Hyperpallium] synonym: "hyperstriatum" RELATED [BTO:0003400] xref: BTO:0003400 is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0007333 ! avian pallium [Term] id: UBERON:0007349 name: mesopallium namespace: uberon synonym: "middle pallium" RELATED [BTO:0003405] xref: BTO:0003405 is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0007333 ! avian pallium [Term] id: UBERON:0007350 name: arcopallium namespace: uberon def: "The arcopallium refers to regions of the avian brain which partially overlap regions homologous to the amygdala of mammals. These regions have formerly been referred to as archistriatum, and before this epistriatum or amygdaloid complex[1], and a recent change of nomenclature has divided the region into the arcopallium and posterior pallial amygdala.[2] The new nomenclature, adopted in 2004, reflects a modern understanding that the avian brain is broadly similar to the mammalian brain, containing large regions homologous to the mammalian neocortex, claustrum, and pallial amygdala. The outdated nomenclature it replaced perceived the avian brain as consisting almost entirely of enlarged basal ganglia, to which more complex outer layers had been added during a progress toward mammalian intelligence." [Wikipedia:Arcopallium] synonym: "arched pallium" RELATED [BTO:0003408] synonym: "archistriatum" RELATED [BM:ARCO, http://www.avianbrain.org/archistriatum.html] xref: BM:ARCO xref: BTO:0003408 is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0007333 ! avian pallium [Term] id: UBERON:0007351 name: nucleus isthmo-opticus namespace: uberon synonym: "nucleus isthmoopticus" RELATED [BTO:0003411] xref: BTO:0003411 is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0007333 ! avian pallium [Term] id: UBERON:0007412 name: midbrain raphe nuclei namespace: uberon def: "Midline nuclei found in the midbrain, includes the dorsal raphe nucleus and the rostral linear nucleus of raphe." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1676] comment: todo - check. note BTO class is placed here as it is placed in hindbrain synonym: "midbrain raphe" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1676] synonym: "midbrain raphe nuclei" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1676] synonym: "nuclei raphes tegmenti mesencephali" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77787, FMA:TA] synonym: "raphe nuclei of tegmentum of midbrain" EXACT [FMA:77787] synonym: "raphe nucleus" BROAD [BTO:0003387] synonym: "set of raphe nuclei of tegmentum of midbrain" EXACT [FMA:77787] xref: ABA:RAmb xref: BTO:0003387 xref: FMA:77787 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1676 is_a: UBERON:0000073 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004684 {source="Wikipedia"} ! raphe nuclei property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001965 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002142 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007413 name: nucleus of pontine reticular formation namespace: uberon def: "A nucleus of brain that is part of a pontine reticular formation." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pontine reticular formation nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72245] xref: ABA:PRNr xref: FMA:72245 is_a: UBERON:0002680 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 {is_inferred="true"} ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindbrain nucleus intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002573 ! pontine reticular formation [Term] id: UBERON:0007414 name: nucleus of midbrain tegmentum namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0012277 def: "A nucleus of brain that is part of a midbrain tegmentum." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class groups together any nuclei in the tegmentum region, possibly including disparate structures across species synonym: "tegmental nucleus" EXACT [ZFA:0005577] xref: FMA:258768 xref: ZFA:0005577 is_a: UBERON:0002635 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of midbrain tegmentum is_a: UBERON:0006331 {is_inferred="true"} ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009661 {is_inferred="true"} ! midbrain nucleus intersection_of: UBERON:0000125 ! neural nucleus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0007415 name: nucleus of midbrain reticular formation namespace: uberon def: "A nucleus of midbrain tegmentum that is part of a midbrain reticular formation." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain reticular formation nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62443] synonym: "midbrain reticular nucleus" EXACT [ABA:MRN] xref: ABA:MRN xref: FMA:62443 intersection_of: UBERON:0007414 ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002639 ! midbrain reticular formation [Term] id: UBERON:0007416 name: cerebellar peduncle namespace: uberon xref: FMA:272298 xref: MA:0002742 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebellar_Peduncle xref: SCTID:362417003 xref: UMLS:C0228515 is_a: UBERON:0007417 {source="FMA"} ! peduncle of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002474 ! cerebellar peduncular complex [Term] id: UBERON:0007417 name: peduncle of neuraxis namespace: uberon synonym: "neuraxis peduncle" EXACT [FMA:83860] xref: FMA:83860 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0007418 name: decussation of neuraxis namespace: uberon synonym: "neuraxis decussation" EXACT [FMA:83858] xref: FMA:83858 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0007425 name: decussation of diencephalon namespace: uberon def: "A decussation of neuraxis that is part of a diencephalon." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diencephalon decussation" EXACT [FMA:62446] xref: FMA:62446 is_a: UBERON:0003931 {is_inferred="true"} ! diencephalic white matter is_a: UBERON:0007418 {source="FMA"} ! decussation of neuraxis intersection_of: UBERON:0007418 ! decussation of neuraxis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 {source="Obol"} ! diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0007626 name: subparaventricular zone namespace: uberon xref: ABA:SBPV xref: MA:0000842 is_a: UBERON:0003048 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of hypothalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002272 {source="MA"} ! medial zone of hypothalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001934 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002034 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002219 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002625 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002689 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002690 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007627 name: magnocellular nucleus of stria terminalis namespace: uberon def: "." [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=3220] comment: the magnocellular nucleus projects to virtually all known major parts of the brain network that controls pelvic functions, including micturition, defecation, and penile erection, as well as to brain networks controlling nutrient and body water homeostasis. This and other evidence suggests that the magnocellular nucleus is part of a corticostriatopallidal differentiation modulating and coordinating pelvic functions with the maintenance of nutrient and body water homeostasis[PMID:16304682] synonym: "magnocellular nucleus" EXACT [MA:0000928] xref: ABA:BSTmg xref: MA:0000928 is_a: UBERON:0000125 ! neural nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0011173 {source="MA"} ! anterior division of bed nuclei of stria terminalis property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003017 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007628 name: lateral septal complex namespace: uberon comment: todo - split nucleus and complex xref: ABA:LSX xref: FMA:61878 xref: MA:0000933 is_a: UBERON:0002663 {source="MA"} ! septal nuclear complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002435 {source="ABA"} ! striatum [Term] id: UBERON:0007629 name: medial septal complex namespace: uberon xref: ABA:MSC xref: FMA:61879 xref: MA:0000934 is_a: UBERON:0002663 {source="MA"} ! septal nuclear complex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002977 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007630 name: septohippocampal nucleus namespace: uberon xref: ABA:SH xref: MA:0000939 is_a: UBERON:0002663 {source="MA"} ! septal nuclear complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0007628 ! lateral septal complex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001878 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002667 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007631 name: accessory olfactory bulb glomerular layer namespace: uberon xref: ABA:AOBgl xref: MA:0000967 is_a: UBERON:0011215 {is_inferred="true"} ! cell part cluster of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0004069 {source="ABA"} ! accessory olfactory bulb [Term] id: UBERON:0007632 name: Barrington's nucleus namespace: uberon xref: ABA:B xref: MA:0001011 is_a: UBERON:0002680 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 {source="MA"} ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 {source="MA"} ! pons property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002151 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002968 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007633 name: nucleus of trapezoid body namespace: uberon comment: consider splitting into nucleus and complex synonym: "nuclei of trapezoid body" RELATED [FMA:84023] synonym: "set of nuclei of trapezoid body" RELATED [FMA:84023] xref: ABA:NTB xref: BM:NTB xref: FMA:84023 xref: MA:0001018 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_745 xref: SCTID:362405000 is_a: UBERON:0002680 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 {source="MA"} ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 {source="MA"} ! pons property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002126 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002162 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002591 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002610 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002864 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002866 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002873 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007634 name: parabrachial nucleus namespace: uberon xref: ABA:PB xref: BM:PB xref: MA:0001019 is_a: UBERON:0002680 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 {source="MA"} ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 {source="MA"} ! pons property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002128 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002597 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006840 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007635 name: nucleus of medulla oblongata namespace: uberon def: "A neural nucleus that is part of a medulla oblongata." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:258772 xref: SCTID:304943004 is_a: UBERON:0002678 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of medulla oblongata is_a: UBERON:0006331 {is_inferred="true"} ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindbrain nucleus intersection_of: UBERON:0000125 ! neural nucleus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0007637 name: hippocampus stratum lucidum namespace: uberon def: "A cytoarchitectural term denoting the layer of the CA3 field of the HIPPOCAMPUS that is deep to the Stratum pyramidale hippocampi and superficial to the Stratum radiatum (Hof-2000)." [nif_annot:NeuroNames_defSource, Wikipedia:Stratum_lucidum_of_hippocampus] synonym: "stratum lucidum" BROAD [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4108] synonym: "stratum lucidum hippocampi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Stratum_lucidum_of_hippocampus] xref: ncithesaurus:Stratum_Lucidum xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4108 xref: SCTID:419156002 xref: UMLS:C0221922 is_a: UBERON:0002305 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! layer of hippocampus [Term] id: UBERON:0007639 name: hippocampus alveus namespace: uberon def: "Regional part of fornix consisting of a thin layer of white matter on the surface of the hippocampal formation, bordering the wall of the lateral ventricle and composed of white, myelinated fibers. The alveus arises from cell bodies in the subiculum and hippocampus, and eventually merges with the fimbria of the hippocampus. The fimbria goes on to become the fornix (MM: 2006-10-26)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1510] comment: todo - check xref: ncithesaurus:Alveus synonym: "alveus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1510] synonym: "alveus of hippocampus" EXACT [FMA:83867] synonym: "neuraxis alveus" EXACT [FMA:83867] xref: FMA:83867 xref: ncithesaurus:Alveus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1510 xref: SCTID:369094002 xref: UMLS:C0228247 is_a: UBERON:0002305 {source="Wikipedia"} ! layer of hippocampus [Term] id: UBERON:0007640 name: hippocampus stratum lacunosum moleculare namespace: uberon def: "A cytoarchitectural term denoting the outermost layer of the hippocampus (Stephan-75) (NeuroNames)." [nif_annot:NeuroNames_defSource] synonym: "lacunar-molecular layer of hippocampus" EXACT [FMA:83149] synonym: "stratum lacunosum moleculare" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1359] synonym: "stratum lacunosum-moleculare" EXACT [ABA:ABA] xref: FMA:83149 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1359 is_a: UBERON:0002305 ! layer of hippocampus [Term] id: UBERON:0007641 name: trigeminal nuclear complex namespace: uberon def: "The sensory trigeminal nerve nuclei are the largest of the cranial nerve nuclei, and extend through the whole of the midbrain, pons and medulla. There is also a distinct trigeminal motor nucleus that is medial to the chief sensory nucleus[WP]." [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_nerve_nuclei] comment: In MA and FMA this is part of the pons / pontime tegmentum. We weaken this to overlaps to avoid inconsistency. In NIF this is a composite structure spanning multiple regions, which is more appropriate. synonym: "nuclei trigemini" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_nerve_nuclei] synonym: "trigeminal nuclei" EXACT [FMA:71248] xref: BM:V xref: FMA:71248 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray696.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4096 is_a: UBERON:0007245 {source="FMA"} ! nuclear complex of neuraxis relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001645 ! trigeminal nerve relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003023 {source="FMA"} ! pontine tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0007656 name: lateral recess of fourth ventricle namespace: uberon def: "The lateral recess is a projection of the fourth ventricle which extends into the inferior cerebellar peduncle of the brainstem. The lateral aperture, an opening in each extremity of the lateral recess, provides a conduit for cerebrospinal fluid to flow from the brain's ventricular system into the subarachnoid space." [Wikipedia:Lateral_recess] synonym: "lateral recess" BROAD [EMAPA:17257] synonym: "recessus lateralis ventriculi quarti" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_recess] xref: EMAPA:17257 xref: FMA:78470 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Gray768.png xref: SCTID:369283008 disjoint_from: UBERON:0008902 ! lateral recess of third vetricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002422 {source="EMAPA"} ! fourth ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0007691 name: gustatory pore namespace: uberon def: "The minute opening of a taste bud on the surface of the oral mucosa through which the gustatory hairs of the specialised neuroepithelial gustatory cells project. " [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?gustatory+pore] synonym: "porus gustatorius" EXACT [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?gustatory+pore] synonym: "taste pore" EXACT [FMA:63589] xref: FMA:63589 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/Taste_bud.svg xref: ncithesaurus:Taste_Pore xref: SCTID:368724008 xref: UMLS:C0226971 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001727 {source="FMA"} ! taste bud [Term] id: UBERON:0007692 name: nucleus of thalamus namespace: uberon def: "A nucleus of brain that is part of a thalamus." [OBOL:automatic] comment: todo - consider splitting nucleus and complex synonym: "nuclear complex of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:256693] synonym: "thalamic nucleus" EXACT [MA:0002992] xref: BTO:0002452 xref: FMA:256693 xref: MA:0002992 xref: SCTID:279115000 is_a: UBERON:0002730 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of thalamus is_a: UBERON:0006569 {is_inferred="true"} ! diencephalic nucleus intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001897 {source="FMA"} ! thalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0007699 name: tract of spinal cord namespace: uberon def: "An axon tract that is part of a spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinal cord tract" EXACT [FMA:75683] xref: FMA:75683 xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Cord_Tract xref: UMLS:C1519456 intersection_of: UBERON:0001018 ! axon tract intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0007702 name: tract of brain namespace: uberon def: "An axon tract that is part of a brain." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Editor notes: we place the NIF class here because it is part of the brain synonym: "brain tract" EXACT [FMA:83848] xref: FMA:83848 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1649 intersection_of: UBERON:0001018 ! axon tract intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0007703 name: spinothalamic tract namespace: uberon def: "a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in the spinal cord towards target cells in the thalamus. This axonal process is a member of those that make up the spinothalamic tract, one of the major routes of nociceptive signaling[GO]." [Wikipedia:Spinothalamic_tract] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Spinal_cord_tracts_-_English.svg xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1010017 xref: SCTID:280417000 is_a: UBERON:0007702 ! tract of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0007707 name: superior cerebellar peduncle of midbrain namespace: uberon def: "Regional part of superior cerebellar peduncle, located in the midbrain, consisting of a large bundle of fibers largely projecting from the deep cerebellar nuclei to the midbrain and thalamus. It is continuous with the superior cerebellar peduncle of the pons. (MM)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1162] synonym: "SCPMB" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1162] synonym: "superior cerebellar peduncle of midbrain" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1162] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1162 is_a: UBERON:0002635 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of midbrain tegmentum is_a: UBERON:0003035 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of cerebellar white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 {source="NIF"} ! midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002150 ! superior cerebellar peduncle [Term] id: UBERON:0007709 name: superior cerebellar peduncle of pons namespace: uberon comment: note that FMA:72495 most likely denotes this class rather than the more generic parent, due to the part of relationship to pontine tegmentum. synonym: "SCPP" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1726] synonym: "superior cerebellar peduncle of pons" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1726] xref: FMA:72495 xref: NeuroNames:1007150190 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1726 is_a: UBERON:0002680 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0003035 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of cerebellar white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002150 ! superior cerebellar peduncle relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 {source="FMA"} ! pontine tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0007710 name: intermediate nucleus of lateral lemniscus namespace: uberon comment: todo - check synonym: "nucleus of the lateral lemniscus, horizontal part" EXACT [ABA:NLLh] xref: ABA:NLLh xref: FMA:77485 is_a: UBERON:0006840 ! nucleus of lateral lemniscus [Term] id: UBERON:0007711 name: sixth cervical dorsal root ganglion namespace: uberon synonym: "sixth cervical dorsal root ganglia" EXACT [FMA:6319] synonym: "sixth cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2608] synonym: "sixth cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6319] xref: EMAPA:25159 xref: FMA:6319 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2608 is_a: UBERON:0002834 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! cervical dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0007712 name: fourth thoracic spinal ganglion namespace: uberon subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "forth thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2614] synonym: "fourth thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "fourth thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6324] xref: EMAPA:25177 xref: FMA:6324 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2614 is_a: UBERON:0002835 {source="FMA"} ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0007713 name: fourth sacral spinal ganglion namespace: uberon synonym: "forth sacral dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2631] synonym: "fourth sacral dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6345] synonym: "fourth sacral dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: EMAPA:25173 xref: FMA:6345 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2631 is_a: UBERON:0002837 {source="FMA"} ! sacral dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0007714 name: cervical subsegment of spinal cord namespace: uberon synonym: "segment part of cervical spinal cord" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1688] xref: FMA:256653 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1688 xref: SCTID:278749009 is_a: UBERON:0005844 {source="FMA", source="NIF"} ! spinal cord segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0002726 ! cervical spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0007715 name: thoracic subsegment of spinal cord namespace: uberon synonym: "segment part of thoracic spinal cord" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_892] xref: FMA:256655 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_892 is_a: UBERON:0003038 {is_inferred="true"} ! thoracic spinal cord is_a: UBERON:0005844 {source="FMA", source="NIF"} ! spinal cord segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0003038 ! thoracic spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0007716 name: lumbar subsegment of spinal cord namespace: uberon synonym: "segment part of lumbar spinal cord" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1652] xref: FMA:256657 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1652 xref: SCTID:278751008 is_a: UBERON:0002792 {is_inferred="true"} ! lumbar spinal cord is_a: UBERON:0005844 {source="FMA", source="NIF"} ! spinal cord segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0002792 ! lumbar spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0007717 name: sacral subsegment of spinal cord namespace: uberon synonym: "segment part of sacral spinal cord" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1512] xref: FMA:256659 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1512 xref: SCTID:278752001 is_a: UBERON:0005844 {source="FMA", source="NIF"} ! spinal cord segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0005843 ! sacral spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0007763 name: cerebellum culmen namespace: uberon comment: ABA splits culmen into IV and V and IV-V synonym: "culmen" BROAD [MA:0001001, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_926] synonym: "neuraxis culmen" EXACT [FMA:83886] xref: ABA:CUL xref: FMA:83886 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_926 xref: SCTID:279384001 xref: SCTID:89649002 is_a: UBERON:0004070 {source="ABA"} ! cerebellum vermis lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0003941 {source="FMA"} ! cerebellum anterior vermis [Term] id: UBERON:0007764 name: paramedian reticular nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The paramedian reticular nucleus (in Terminologia Anatomica, or paramedian medullary reticular group in NeuroNames) sends its connections to the spinal cord in a mostly ipsilateral manner, although there is some decussation. It projects to the vermis in the anterior lobe, the pyramis and the uvula. The paramedian nucleus also projects to the contralateral PRN, the gigantocellular nucleus, and the nucleus ambiguous. The paramedian reticular formation is adjacent to the abducens (VI)nucleus in the pons and adjacent to the oculomotor nucleus(III) in the midbrain. The paramedian nucleus receives afferents mostly from the fastigial nucleus in the cerebellum and the cerebral cortex; however, the projections from the spinal cord are very sparse. The descending afferent connections come mostly from the frontal and parietal lobes; however the pontine reticular formation also sends projections to the paramedian reticular nucleus. There are also very sparse innervations from the superior colliculus. Lesions in the paramedian reticular nucleus have been shown to cause a stereotyped increase in the random patterns of motion in rats. The paramedian nuclei on either side of the brain stem have been shown to mediate the horizontal eye movements on their ipsilateral sides. It seems possible that that the random motion patterns of the above rats were caused by an inability to mediate their horizontal eye movements." [Wikipedia:Paramedian_reticular_nucleus] comment: todo - check synonym: "nucleus reticularis paramedianus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Paramedian_reticular_nucleus] synonym: "paramedian nucleus reticularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Paramedian_reticular_nucleus] synonym: "ventral paramedian reticular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72583] xref: ABA:PMR xref: FMA:72583 is_a: UBERON:0007635 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0007767 name: dorsal premammillary nucleus namespace: uberon xref: ABA:PMd xref: FMA:77006 is_a: UBERON:0002712 ! premammillary nucleus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002035 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002206 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002634 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002706 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007768 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007768 name: ventral premammillary nucleus namespace: uberon xref: ABA:PMv xref: FMA:77007 is_a: UBERON:0002712 ! premammillary nucleus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002035 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002206 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002634 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002706 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007767 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007769 name: medial preoptic region namespace: uberon synonym: "medial preoptic area" EXACT [ABA:MPO] xref: ABA:MPO xref: MA:0000839 is_a: UBERON:0003048 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of hypothalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001928 ! preoptic area relationship: part_of UBERON:0002272 {source="MA"} ! medial zone of hypothalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0007834 name: lumbar spinal cord ventral commissure namespace: uberon def: "A spinal cord ventral commissure that is part of a lumbar spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lumbar spinal cord anterior commissure" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1326] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1326 intersection_of: UBERON:0004170 ! spinal cord ventral commissure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002792 ! lumbar spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0007835 name: sacral spinal cord ventral commissure namespace: uberon def: "A spinal cord ventral commissure that is part of a sacral spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sacral spinal cord anterior commissure" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1528] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1528 intersection_of: UBERON:0004170 ! spinal cord ventral commissure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005843 ! sacral spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0007836 name: cervical spinal cord ventral commissure namespace: uberon def: "A spinal cord ventral commissure that is part of a cervical spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cervical spinal cord anterior commissure" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1552] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1552 intersection_of: UBERON:0004170 ! spinal cord ventral commissure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002726 ! cervical spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0007837 name: thoracic spinal cord ventral commissure namespace: uberon def: "A spinal cord ventral commissure that is part of a thoracic spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thoracic spinal cord anterior commissure" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1556] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1556 intersection_of: UBERON:0004170 ! spinal cord ventral commissure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003038 ! thoracic spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0007838 name: spinal cord white commissure namespace: uberon synonym: "white commissure of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77033] xref: FMA:77033 xref: SCTID:423957000 is_a: UBERON:0001020 {source="FMA"} ! commissure is_a: UBERON:0008882 {is_inferred="true"} ! spinal cord commissure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0007840 name: spinal cord dorsal white commissure namespace: uberon synonym: "commissura alba posterior medullae spinalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77034, FMA:TA] synonym: "dorsal white commissure of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77034] synonym: "posterior white commissure of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77034] xref: FMA:77034 xref: SCTID:424400007 is_a: UBERON:0007838 {source="FMA"} ! spinal cord white commissure [Term] id: UBERON:0008332 name: hilum of neuraxis namespace: uberon synonym: "neuraxis hilum" EXACT [FMA:83871] xref: FMA:83871 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0008333 name: hilum of inferior olivary complex namespace: uberon def: "The white core of the inferior olivary nucleus of the medulla oblongata, most prominent medially." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource] synonym: "hilum nuclei olivaris caudalis" RELATED [BTO:0002300] synonym: "hilum nuclei olivaris inferioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "hilum of caudal olivary nucleus" RELATED [BTO:0002300] synonym: "hilum of inferior olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72612] synonym: "hilum of inferior olivary nucleus" RELATED [BTO:0002300] synonym: "inferior olivary hilum" EXACT [FMA:72612] synonym: "inferior olive hilum" EXACT [FMA:72612] xref: BTO:0002300 xref: FMA:72612 is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0008332 {source="FMA"} ! hilum of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="FMA"} ! medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0007244 {source="BTO"} ! inferior olivary nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0008335 name: ventrolateral sulcus of medulla oblongata namespace: uberon def: "A longitudinal sulcus on the anterior surface of the medulla oblongata, lateral to the pyramid, from which emerge the fibers of the hypoglossal nerve." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource] synonym: "anterolateral groove of medulla oblongata" RELATED [BTO:0002777] synonym: "anterolateral sulcus of medulla" EXACT [FMA:83797] synonym: "sulcus anterolateralis medullae oblongatae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "sulcus anterolateralis medullae oblongatae" RELATED [BTO:0002777] synonym: "sulcus ventrolateralis medullae spinalis" RELATED [BTO:0002777] synonym: "ventrolateral fissure of medulla" EXACT [FMA:83797] synonym: "ventrolateral sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83797] synonym: "ventrolateral sulcus of medulla" EXACT [FMA:83797] synonym: "ventrolateral sulcus of spinal cord" RELATED [BTO:0002777] xref: BTO:0002777 xref: FMA:83797 xref: SCTID:279291001 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="BTO"} ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0008810 name: nasopalatine nerve namespace: uberon def: "One branch of the posterior superior nasal branches (trigeminal, maxillary branch), longer and larger than the others, is named the nasopalatine nerve (sometimes called the long sphenopalatine nerve). It enters the nasal cavity through the sphenopalatine foramen, passes across the roof of the nasal cavity below the orifice of the sphenoidal sinus to reach the septum, and then runs obliquely downward and forward between the periosteum and mucous membrane of the lower part of the septum. It descends to the roof of the mouth through the incisive canal and communicates with the corresponding nerve of the opposite side and with the greater palatine nerve. It supplies the palatal structures around the upper central and lateral incisors and the canines (the upper front six teeth). It also furnishes a few filaments to the mucous membrane of the nasal septum. The medial superior posterior nasal branches of maxillary nerve usually branches from the nasopalatine nerve." [Wikipedia:Nasopalatine_nerve] synonym: "naso-palatine nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nasopalatine_nerve] synonym: "nasopalatine" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nasopalatine_nerve] synonym: "nasopalatine nerves" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nasopalatine_nerve] synonym: "nervus nasopalatinus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nasopalatine_nerve] synonym: "Scarpa's nerve" EXACT [FMA:52797] xref: FMA:52797 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Gray858.png is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0000377 {source="FMA"} ! maxillary nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0008823 name: neural tube derived brain namespace: uberon def: "A brain that develops_from a neural tube." [OBOL:automatic] comment: note that a reasoner should automatically classify all the vertebrate ontology brain classes here synonym: "vertebrate brain" NARROW [] intersection_of: UBERON:0000955 ! brain intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube [Term] id: UBERON:0008829 name: cerebellum external granule cell layer namespace: uberon def: "transient layer of the cerebellar cortex present during development which is composed of dividing and migrating granule cells[MP]. The granule neurons migrate from the exterior layer to form an inner layer known as the internal granule layer. The external granular layer ceases to exist in the mature cerebellum, leaving only granule cells in the internal granule layer" [MP:0000874, Wikipedia:Anatomy_of_the_cerebellum#Development] xref: MA:0000994 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_797 is_a: UBERON:0002956 {source="MA"} ! granular layer of cerebellar cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0008830 name: cerebellum internal granule cell layer namespace: uberon xref: MA:0000995 xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Granular_Layer_of_the_Cerebellum xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_790 xref: UMLS:C1708540 is_a: UBERON:0002956 {source="MA"} ! granular layer of cerebellar cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0008833 name: great auricular nerve namespace: uberon def: "The great auricular nerve originates from the cervical plexus, composed of branches of spinal nerves C2 and C3. It provides sensory innervation for the skin over parotid gland and mastoid process, and both surfaces of the outer ear." [Wikipedia:Great_auricular_nerve] comment: todo - check MA grouping; in MA this is part_of pinna - should this be a different relationship? synonym: "auricular nerve" EXACT [MA:0001232] synonym: "great auricular" RELATED [Wikipedia:Great_auricular_nerve] synonym: "greater auricular nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Great_auricular_nerve] synonym: "nervus auricularis magnus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Great_auricular_nerve] xref: FMA:6872 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Gray805.png xref: MA:0001232 xref: SCTID:181110003 xref: Wikipedia:Great_auricular_nerve is_a: UBERON:0002003 {source="FMA"} ! peripheral nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0003725 {source="FMA"} ! cervical plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0008881 name: rostral migratory stream namespace: uberon def: "Unique telencephalic subventricular zones that extend from the lateral ventricles into the olfactory bulbs. Newly produced GABAergic interneurons migrate along the RMS and settle in the bulb[NIF]. In rodents, the anterior region of the SVZ produces neuroblasts that migrate in chain toward the olfactory bulb along the so-called rostral migratory stream (RMS)[BTO]. the transient structure formed by neurons migrating from the subventricular zone into the olfactory bulbs[MP] The rostral migratory stream (RMS) or rostral migratory pathway is a pathway, found in the brain of some animals, along which neuronal precursors that originated in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the brain migrate to reach the main olfactory bulb, where they differentiate into interneurons. Neurogenesis has been shown to occur in the SVZ into adulthood[WP]" [[Wikipedia:Rostral_migratory_stream, MP:0004279, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1702, PMID:12453055] synonym: "RMS" RELATED ABBREVIATION [BTO:0003412] synonym: "rostral migratory pathway" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rostral_migratory_stream] xref: BTO:0003412 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1702 is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: connects UBERON:0002264 {source="MP-modified"} ! olfactory bulb relationship: connects UBERON:0004922 ! postnatal subventricular zone relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002285 {source="BTO-modified"} ! telencephalic ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0008882 name: spinal cord commissure namespace: uberon def: "The nerve fiber tracts that span the midline of the spinal cord" [MP:0009694] is_a: UBERON:0007699 {is_inferred="true"} ! tract of spinal cord intersection_of: UBERON:0001020 ! commissure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0008884 name: left putamen namespace: uberon def: "A putamen that is part of a left cerebral hemisphere." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72829 intersection_of: UBERON:0001874 ! putamen intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002812 ! left cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0008885 name: right putamen namespace: uberon def: "A putamen that is part of a right cerebral hemisphere." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72828 intersection_of: UBERON:0001874 ! putamen intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002813 ! right cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0008902 name: lateral recess of third vetricle namespace: uberon def: "Lateral protrusion of the third ventricle." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "lateral recess" BROAD PLURAL [ZFA:0000231] synonym: "lateral recess of diencephalic ventricle" EXACT [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-091221-27] xref: TAO:0000231 xref: ZFA:0000231 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 {source="ZFA"} ! third ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0008904 name: neuromast namespace: uberon def: "Volcano-shaped lateral line sensory organ located in characteristic positions within the skin epithelium and containing hair cells and their support elements. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576] synonym: "cyatocde@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000243] synonym: "lateral line neuromast" EXACT [ZFA:0000243] synonym: "lateral line organ" EXACT [ZFA:0000243] synonym: "neuromaste superficiel@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000243] synonym: "neuromasts" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000243] xref: AAO:0001004 xref: EFO:0003513 xref: TAO:0000243 xref: ZFA:0000243 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0010202 ! lateral line property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Type of mechanoreceptive organ of the lateral line which are arranged in lines on the body surface. These organs are constituted by hair cells and supporting cells and it is located in the epidermis with its hair cells exposed to the surface. Absent in some caecilians. These receptors receive afferent and efferent innervations.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0001004", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Volcano-shaped lateral line sensory organ located in characteristic positions within the skin epithelium and containing hair cells and their support elements. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000243", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: part_of lateral line receptor organ (AAO:0001001)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0001004", ontology="AAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: subclass lateral line receptor (AAO:0010705)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0001004", ontology="AAO"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008906 name: lateral line nerve namespace: uberon def: "Cranial nerves that carry afferent and efferent fibers for the lateral line system." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "lateral line nerves" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001479] xref: AAO:0010077 xref: TAO:0001479 xref: ZFA:0001479 is_a: UBERON:0001785 {source="AAO"} ! cranial nerve intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002540 ! lateral line system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002540 {source="ZFA"} ! lateral line system property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Any of the sensory nerves that innervate mechano- and electroreceptors of the lateral line system. The lateral line nerves may be separated in two components, anterior and posterior, in relation to the position of its roots with respect to the otic capsule. These nerves develop from lateral line placodes.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010077", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:SIQ"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: innervates lateral line receptor organ (AAO:0001001)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010077", ontology="AAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship type change: part_of_proxy lateral line system (AAO:0000975) CHANGED TO: part_of lateral line system (UBERON:0002540)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010077", ontology="AAO"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008917 name: ampullary organ namespace: uberon def: "Organ that consists of receptor cells located within an epidermal invagination and functions as an electroreceptor." [TAO:wd] subset: organ_slim synonym: "ampullary electroreceptor organ" EXACT [TAO:0002104] xref: AAO:0001006 xref: TAO:0002104 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002540 ! lateral line system property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "An electroreceptor consisting of receptor cells sunk into the epidermis or located in an epidermal cavity opening to the surface through a duct and pore. It can detect weak electric currents generated by other animals.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0001006", ontology="AAO", source="ZipcodeZoo:ampullary_organ"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: part_of lateral line receptor organ (AAO:0001001)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0001006", ontology="AAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: subclass lateral line receptor organ (AAO:0001001)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0001006", ontology="AAO"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008918 name: ampulla of Lorenzini namespace: uberon def: "The ampullae of Lorenzini are special sensing organs called electroreceptors, forming a network of jelly-filled pores... Each ampulla consists of a jelly-filled canal opening to the surface by a pore in the skin and ending blindly in a cluster of small pockets full of special jelly. The ampullae are mostly clustered into groups inside the body, each cluster having ampullae connecting with different parts of the skin, but preserving a left-right symmetry. The canal lengths vary from animal to animal, but the distribution of the pores is generally specific to each species. The ampullae pores are plainly visible as dark spots in the skin. They provide fish with a sixth sense capable of detecting electromagnetic fields as well as temperature gradients[WP]." [Wikipedia:Ampullae_of_Lorenzini] subset: organ_slim synonym: "ampullae of Lorenzini" EXACT PLURAL [Wikipedia:Ampullae_of_Lorenzini] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Electroreceptors_in_a_sharks_head.svg is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002540 ! lateral line system property_value: RO:0002161 NCBITaxon:32443 {source="Wikipedia"} property_value: RO:0002161 NCBITaxon:32523 [Term] id: UBERON:0008930 name: somatosensory cortex namespace: uberon def: "Area of the parietal lobe concerned with receiving general sensations. It lies posterior to the central sulcus." [MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.213.670.675] comment: TODO - add layers synonym: "somesthetic area" RELATED [BTO:0004353] xref: BTO:0004353 xref: EFO:0001391 xref: GAID:681 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.213.670.675 xref: SCTID:279252006 is_a: UBERON:0002619 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002581 {source="BTO"} ! postcentral gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0008933 name: primary somatosensory cortex namespace: uberon comment: ABA disjointness - Removed relationship: part_of UBERON:0001870 {source="MA"} xref: MA:0000908 is_a: UBERON:0008930 ! somatosensory cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001872 {source="MA"} ! parietal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0008934 name: secondary somatosensory cortex namespace: uberon comment: TODO - check brodmann xref: MA:0000918 is_a: UBERON:0008930 ! somatosensory cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001872 {source="MA"} ! parietal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0008939 name: pedal ganglion namespace: uberon def: "The pedal ganglia mainly are necessary for coordination of locomotion of a snail." [BTO:0001012] xref: BTO:0001012 is_a: UBERON:0000045 {source="BTO"} ! ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0008940 name: parietal ganglion namespace: uberon def: "The lateral ganglia of a snail nervous system are called parietal ganglia. They innerve pallial cavity, gills and skin." [BTO:0001841] xref: BTO:0001841 is_a: UBERON:0000045 {source="BTO"} ! ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0008941 name: pleural ganglion namespace: uberon def: "The pallial cavity's nerve knots are called pleural ganglia. They innerve primarily the mantle or a snail." [BTO:0001842] xref: BTO:0001842 is_a: UBERON:0000045 {source="BTO"} ! ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0008942 name: gastropod cerebral ganglion namespace: uberon def: "The cerebral ganglia are primarily sensual centres, that compute information from the eyes as well as from the tactile and position sensors (statocystes). Besides coordination they also serve the locational memory of a snail." [BTO:0001843] synonym: "cerebral ganglion" EXACT [BTO:0001843] xref: BTO:0001843 is_a: UBERON:0000045 {source="BTO"} ! ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0008964 name: abdominal ganglion of visceral hump namespace: uberon def: "The visceral sacs nerve knot is called visceral ganglion. In contrary to the mostly paired other ganglia this nerve knot is unpaired. The visceral ganglion innerves the pallial organs as well as the inner organs." [BTO:0000022] synonym: "abdominal ganglion" RELATED [BTO:0000022] synonym: "visceral ganglion" RELATED [BTO:0000022] xref: BTO:0000022 is_a: UBERON:0000045 {source="BTO"} ! ganglion disjoint_from: UBERON:0009758 ! abdominal ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0008967 name: centrum semiovale namespace: uberon def: "The semioval center is the white matter found underneath the grey matter on the surface of the cerebrum. The term is synonymous with cerebral white matter. The white matter, located in each hemisphere between the cerebral cortex and nuclei, as a whole has a semioval shape. It consists of cortical projection fibers, association fibers and cortical fibers." [Wikipedia:Semioval_center] comment: note that WP suggests a merge with cerebral white matter synonym: "centrum semiovale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Semioval_center] synonym: "medullary center" EXACT [FMA:61939] synonym: "semioval center" RELATED [BTO:0000229] synonym: "white matter of cerebrum" EXACT [FMA:61939] xref: BTO:0000229 xref: FMA:61939 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/Gray752.png xref: SCTID:369198002 is_a: UBERON:0000073 ! regional part of nervous system is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002437 {source="BTO"} ! cerebral white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0008993 name: habenular nucleus namespace: uberon def: "The gray matter of the habenula, composed of a small-celled medial and a larger-celled lateral habenular nucleus; both nuclei receive fibres from basal forebrain regions (septum, basal nucleus, lateral preoptic nucleus); the lateral habenular nucleus receives an additional projection from the medial segment of the globus pallidus. Both nuclei project by way of the retroflex fasciculus to the interpeduncular nucleus and a medial zone of the midbrain tegmentum." [BTO:0003685] synonym: "ganglion habenulae" RELATED [BTO:0003685] synonym: "nucleus habenulae" RELATED [BTO:0003685] xref: BTO:0003685 xref: EHDAA2:0004710 xref: SCTID:279303009 is_a: UBERON:0000445 {source="BTO"} ! habenular trigone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001904 {source="BTO"} ! habenula [Term] id: UBERON:0008995 name: nucleus of cerebellar nuclear complex namespace: uberon def: "Four accumulations of gray substance embedded in the white substance of the cerebellum, comprising the nucleus dentatus, nucleus emboliformis, nucleus globosus, and nucleus fastigii." [BTO:0003835] synonym: "cerebellar nucleus" EXACT [BTO:0003835] synonym: "deep cerebellar nucleus" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0003835 xref: MA:0000203 xref: SCTID:279220006 is_a: UBERON:0002946 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of cerebellum is_a: UBERON:0009662 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindbrain nucleus intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002130 ! cerebellar nuclear complex [Term] id: UBERON:0009009 name: carotid sinus nerve namespace: uberon def: "Carotid branch of glossopharyngeal nerve." [BTO:0004978] synonym: "carotid branch of glossopharyngeal nerve" EXACT [FMA:53488] synonym: "ramus sinus carotici" EXACT [FMA:53488] xref: BTO:0004978 xref: FMA:53488 xref: SCTID:50624003 is_a: UBERON:0001021 {source="FMA"} ! nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001649 {source="BTO"} ! glossopharyngeal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0009050 name: nucleus of solitary tract namespace: uberon def: "A neural nucleus that is part of the solitary tract nuclear complex. The solitary tract and nucleus are structures in the brainstem that carry and receive visceral sensation and taste from the facial (VII), glossopharyngeal (IX) and vagus (X) cranial nerves. [WP,unvetted]." [OBOL:automatic, Wikipedia:Solitary_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus of the tractus solitarius" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1429] synonym: "nucleus of tractus solitarius" EXACT [Wikipedia:Solitary_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus tractus solitarii medullae oblongatae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Solitary_nucleus] synonym: "solitary nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "solitary tract nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:NTS xref: BM:Me-NS xref: BTO:0003963 xref: EV:0100288 xref: FMA:256691 xref: GAID:593 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray696.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray696.png/200px-Gray696.png xref: MA:0001052 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.810.406.750 xref: ncithesaurus:Nucleus_of_the_Solitary_Tract xref: ncithesaurus:Solitary_Nucleus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1429 xref: UMLS:C0175518 is_a: UBERON:0007635 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of medulla oblongata is_a: UBERON:0011775 {source="Wikipedia"} ! vagus nerve nucleus intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002126 ! solitary tract nuclear complex [Term] id: UBERON:0009051 name: gelatinous nucleus of solitary tract namespace: uberon xref: ABA:NTSge xref: FMA:77463 is_a: UBERON:0009050 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of solitary tract [Term] id: UBERON:0009052 name: medial nucleus of solitary tract namespace: uberon xref: ABA:NTSm xref: FMA:229585 is_a: UBERON:0009050 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of solitary tract [Term] id: UBERON:0009053 name: dorsal nucleus of trapezoid body namespace: uberon synonym: "dorsal nucleus of trapezoid body" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2575] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2575 xref: SCTID:369021001 is_a: UBERON:0007633 ! nucleus of trapezoid body [Term] id: UBERON:0009121 name: vomeronasal nerve namespace: uberon def: "Nerve carrying fibers from the vomeronasal organ to the accessory olfactory bulb[AAO]. originates in the olfactory epithelial cells of Jacobson's organ, and that passes through the submucous tissue of the nasal septum and the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone to the olfactory bulb[BTO]." [AAO:DSM, BTO:0001351, ISBN10:0471888893] comment: in the human this disappears before birth xref: AAO:0010608 xref: BTO:0001351 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005018 is_a: UBERON:0001785 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! cranial nerve relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002264 ! olfactory bulb property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Nerve carrying fibers from the vomeronasal organ to the accessory olfactory bulb.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010608", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:DSM"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009124 name: geniculate placode namespace: uberon def: "Rostralmost epibranchial placode. Associated with 1st branchial cleft." [NBK:NBK53175] comment: Taxonomic equivalence to EHDAA2 class made on basis of shared development: gives rise to geniculate ganglion synonym: "epibranchial placode 1" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004206] synonym: "facial epibranchial placode" EXACT [XAO:0004211] synonym: "facial placode" EXACT [ZFA:0001295] synonym: "facial VII placode" RELATED [] synonym: "hyoid placode" RELATED [ISBN10:0471888893] synonym: "hyoid VII placode" RELATED [ISBN10:0471888893] xref: EHDAA2:0004206 xref: TAO:0001295 xref: XAO:0004211 xref: ZFA:0001295 is_a: UBERON:0003078 {source="ZFA"} ! epibranchial placode [Term] id: UBERON:0009125 name: petrosal placode namespace: uberon def: "Epibranchial placode between geniculate and nodose. Associated with 2nd branchial cleft." [NBK:NBK53175] comment: Taxonomic equivalence to EHDAA2 class made on basis of shared development: gives rise to glossopharyngeal ganglion synonym: "epibranchial placode 2" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004207] synonym: "glossopharyngeal epibranchial placode" EXACT [XAO:0004212] synonym: "glossopharyngeal IX placode" EXACT [ISBN10:0471888893] synonym: "glossopharyngeal placode" EXACT [ISBN10:0471888893, ZFA:0001296] xref: EHDAA2:0004207 xref: TAO:0001296 xref: XAO:0004212 xref: ZFA:0001296 is_a: UBERON:0003078 {source="ZFA"} ! epibranchial placode [Term] id: UBERON:0009126 name: nodosal placode namespace: uberon def: "Caudalmost epibranchial placode. Associated with 3rd branchial cleft." [NBK:NBK53175] comment: Taxonomic equivalence to EHDAA2 class made on basis of shared development: Gives rise to inferior vagus ganglion. Note that ZFA has 4 vagal placodes synonym: "epibranchial placode 3" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004208] synonym: "nodose placode" EXACT [XAO:0004213] synonym: "vagal epibranchial placode" EXACT [XAO:0004213] synonym: "vagal placode" RELATED [ISBN10:0471888893] synonym: "vagal X placode" RELATED [ISBN10:0471888893] xref: EHDAA2:0004208 xref: XAO:0004213 is_a: UBERON:0003078 {source="NBK53175"} ! epibranchial placode [Term] id: UBERON:0009127 name: epibranchial ganglion namespace: uberon def: "Cranial ganglion which develops from an epibranchial placode." [PMID:20133851, ZFIN:curator] comment: Epibranchial ganglia orchestrate the development of the cranial neurogenic crest synonym: "epibranchial ganglia" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001555] xref: TAO:0001555 xref: ZFA:0001555 is_a: UBERON:0001714 {source="ZFA"} ! cranial ganglion intersection_of: UBERON:0001714 ! cranial ganglion intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0003078 ! epibranchial placode relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003078 {source="NBK53175"} ! epibranchial placode [Term] id: UBERON:0009570 name: spinal cord sulcus limitans namespace: uberon def: "A sulcus limitans of neural tube that is part of a future spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinal cord lateral wall sulcus limitans" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001265] xref: EHDAA2:0001265 xref: EMAPA:17584 xref: VHOG:0001548 intersection_of: UBERON:0005478 ! sulcus limitans of neural tube intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006241 ! future spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0009572 name: lumen of central canal of spinal cord namespace: uberon def: "A cerebrospinal fluid-filled space that runs longitudinally through the length of the entire spinal cord. The central canal is contiguous with the ventricular system of the brain. The central canal represents the adult remainder of the neural tube." [Wikipedia:Central_canal] synonym: "cavity of central canal of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:242845] synonym: "central canal lumen" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: FMA:242845 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002291 ! central canal relationship: part_of UBERON:0005281 {source="FMA-modified"} ! ventricular system of central nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0009573 name: sulcus limitans of fourth ventricle namespace: uberon def: "In the floor of the fourth ventricle, the sulcus limitans separates the cranial nerve motor nuclei (medial) from the sensory nuclei (lateral). In the superior part of the rhomboid fossa, it corresponds with the lateral limit of the fossa and presents a bluish-gray area, the locus ceruleus (which owes its color to an underlying patch of deeply pigmented nerve cells, termed the substantia ferruginea). [WP]" [Wikipedia:Sulcus_limitans] synonym: "s. limitans fossae rhomboideae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sulcus_limitans] synonym: "sulcus limitans" BROAD [FMA:78496] xref: FMA:78496 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray709.png xref: ncithesaurus:Sulcus_Limitans xref: UMLS:C0262332 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0009576 name: medulla oblongata sulcus limitans namespace: uberon def: "A sulcus limitans of neural tube that is part of a future medulla oblongata." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001100 xref: EMAPA:17561 [Term] id: UBERON:0009577 name: metencephalon sulcus limitans namespace: uberon def: "A sulcus limitans of neural tube that is part of a future metencephalon." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001161 xref: EMAPA:17567 intersection_of: UBERON:0005478 ! sulcus limitans of neural tube intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010092 ! future metencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0009578 name: myelencephalon sulcus limitans namespace: uberon def: "A sulcus limitans of neural tube that is part of a future myelencephalon." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001945 intersection_of: UBERON:0005478 ! sulcus limitans of neural tube intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010096 ! future myelencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0009579 name: myelencephalon basal plate namespace: uberon comment: todo - check EHDAA2 post-CNS-revision synonym: "basal plate myelencephalon" EXACT [VHOG:0000322] synonym: "future myelencephalon basal plate" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000646] xref: EHDAA2:0000646 xref: EMAPA:17088 xref: VHOG:0000322 is_a: UBERON:0004064 ! neural tube basal plate property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The ventral half of the developing neural tube that is the myelencephalon. [Chordate_evolution_and_the_origin_of_craniates:_An_old_brain_in_a_new_head._AnaT_Rec_(New_Anat)_(2000)_261(3):_111-125, See_Butler_AB][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000322", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009580 name: diencephalon mantle layer namespace: uberon synonym: "diencephalon lateral wall mantle layer" EXACT [] synonym: "mantle layer lateral wall diencephalon" EXACT [VHOG:0000912] xref: EHDAA2:0000397 xref: EMAPA:16906 xref: VHOG:0000912 is_a: UBERON:0005883 ! neural tube lateral wall mantle layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0005591 {source="EMAPA"} ! diencephalon lateral wall [Term] id: UBERON:0009581 name: midbrain mantle layer namespace: uberon synonym: "mantle layer lateral wall mesencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0000910] synonym: "mantle layer lateral wall midbrain" EXACT [VHOG:0000910] synonym: "midbrain lateral wall mantle layer" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0001172 xref: EMAPA:16977 xref: VHOG:0000910 is_a: UBERON:0005883 ! neural tube lateral wall mantle layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0005495 {source="EMAPA"} ! midbrain lateral wall [Term] id: UBERON:0009582 name: spinal cord lateral wall namespace: uberon synonym: "lateral wall spinal cord" EXACT [ZFA:0000996] xref: EFO:0003602 xref: EMAPA:17579 xref: TAO:0000996 xref: ZFA:0000996 is_a: UBERON:0005496 ! neural tube lateral wall relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 {source="EMAPA"} ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0009583 name: spinal cord mantle layer namespace: uberon synonym: "mantle layer lateral wall spinal cord" EXACT [VHOG:0000911] synonym: "spinal cord lateral wall mantle layer" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:17580 xref: VHOG:0000911 is_a: UBERON:0005883 ! neural tube lateral wall mantle layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0009582 {source="EMAPA"} ! spinal cord lateral wall [Term] id: UBERON:0009623 name: spinal nerve root namespace: uberon def: "The paired bundles of nerve fibers entering and leaving the spinal cord at each segment. The dorsal and ventral nerve roots join to form the mixed segmental spinal nerves. The dorsal roots are generally afferent, formed by the central projections of the spinal (dorsal root) ganglia sensory cells, and the ventral roots efferent, comprising the axons of spinal motor and autonomic preganglionic neurons. There are, however, some exceptions to this afferent/efferent rule." [MESH:A08.800.800.720.725] comment: ZFA has part_of to spinal cord but this causes spatial disjointness violations (CNS/PNS) synonym: "root of spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:14060] synonym: "spinal neural root" EXACT [FMA:14060] xref: FMA:14060 xref: GAID:717 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.725 xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Nerve_Root xref: SCTID:362436008 xref: UMLS:C0037940 xref: ZFA:0005578 is_a: UBERON:0004732 {is_inferred="true"} ! segmental subdivision of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001780 {source="FMA"} ! spinal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0009624 name: lumbar nerve namespace: uberon def: "The lumbar nerves are the five spinal nerves emerging from the lumbar vertebrae. They are divided into posterior and anterior divisions." [Wikipedia:Lumbar_nerves] synonym: "lumbar spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5861] synonym: "nervi lumbales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lumbar_nerves] xref: FMA:5861 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Gray802.png xref: ncithesaurus:Lumbar_Nerve xref: SCTID:361600002 xref: UMLS:C0228897 is_a: UBERON:0001780 {source="FMA"} ! spinal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0009625 name: sacral nerve namespace: uberon def: "The five sacral nerves emerge from the sacrum. Although the vertebral components of the sacrum are fused into a single bone, the sacral vertebrae are still used to number the sacral nerves. Posteriorly, they emerge from the posterior sacral foramina, and form the posterior branches of sacral nerves. Anteriorly, they emerge from the anterior sacral foramina, and contribute to the sacral plexus (S1-S4) and coccygeal plexus." [Wikipedia:Sacral_nerves] synonym: "nervi sacrales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sacral_nerves] synonym: "sacral spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5862] xref: FMA:5862 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Gray802.png xref: ncithesaurus:Sacral_Nerve xref: SCTID:361601003 xref: UMLS:C0228922 is_a: UBERON:0001780 {source="FMA"} ! spinal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0009629 name: coccygeal nerve namespace: uberon def: "The coccygeal nerve is the spinal nerve that corresponds to the coccyx bone." [Wikipedia:Coccygeal_nerve] synonym: "coccygeal spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5863] synonym: "nervus coccygeus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Coccygeal_nerve] xref: FMA:5863 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Gray802.png xref: ncithesaurus:Coccygeal_Nerve xref: SCTID:287477006 xref: UMLS:C0228967 is_a: UBERON:0001780 {source="FMA"} ! spinal nerve relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0000010 {source="FMA-abduced-lr"} ! peripheral nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0009630 name: root of thoracic nerve namespace: uberon def: "A spinal nerve root that is part of a thoracic nerve." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve root part of thoracic spinal cord" EXACT [NIF:NIF] synonym: "thoracic nerve root" EXACT [FMA:14064] synonym: "thoracic neural root" EXACT [FMA:14064] xref: FMA:14064 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_836 intersection_of: UBERON:0009623 ! spinal nerve root intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003726 ! thoracic nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0009631 name: root of lumbar spinal nerve namespace: uberon def: "A spinal nerve root that is part of a lumbar nerve." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lumbar spinal nerve root" EXACT [FMA:16421] synonym: "lumbar spinal neural root" EXACT [FMA:16421] synonym: "nerve root part of lumbar spinal cord" EXACT [NIF:NIF] xref: FMA:16421 xref: ncithesaurus:Lumbar_Spinal_Nerve_Root xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1613 xref: SCTID:180968005 xref: UMLS:C0581666 intersection_of: UBERON:0009623 ! spinal nerve root intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009624 ! lumbar nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0009632 name: root of cervical nerve namespace: uberon synonym: "cervical neural root" EXACT [FMA:16422] synonym: "cervical spinal root" EXACT [FMA:16422] synonym: "nerve root part of cervical spinal cord" EXACT [NIF:NIF] synonym: "root of cervical spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:16422] xref: FMA:16422 xref: ncithesaurus:Cervical_Spinal_Nerve_Root xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_955 xref: SCTID:180966009 xref: UMLS:C0581631 is_a: UBERON:0009623 ! spinal nerve root relationship: part_of UBERON:0000962 ! nerve of cervical vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0009633 name: root of sacral nerve namespace: uberon def: "A spinal nerve root that is part of a sacral nerve." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve root part of sacral spinal cord" EXACT [NIF:NIF] synonym: "root of sacral spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:18028] synonym: "sacral neural root" EXACT [FMA:18028] xref: FMA:18028 xref: ncithesaurus:Sacral_Spinal_Nerve_Root xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1518 xref: SCTID:244454000 xref: UMLS:C0581672 intersection_of: UBERON:0009623 ! spinal nerve root intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009625 ! sacral nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0009634 name: root of coccygeal nerve namespace: uberon def: "A spinal nerve root that is part of a coccygeal nerve." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "coccygeal neural root" EXACT [FMA:18131] synonym: "coccygeal spinal nerve root" EXACT [FMA:18131] synonym: "root of coccygeal spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:18131] xref: FMA:18131 intersection_of: UBERON:0009623 ! spinal nerve root intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009629 ! coccygeal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0009641 name: ansa lenticularis namespace: uberon def: "The ansa lenticularis (ansa lentiformis in older texts) is a part of the brain, making up the superior layer of the substantia innominata of Meynert. Its fibers, derived from the medullary lamina of the lentiform nucleus, pass medially to end in the thalamus and subthalamic region, while others are said to end in the tegmentum and red nucleus. It is classified by NeuroNames as part of the subthalamus." [Wikipedia:Ansa_lenticularis] synonym: "ansa lenticularis in thalamo" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "ansa lenticularis in thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62070] synonym: "ventral peduncle of lateral forebrain bundle" EXACT [FMA:62070] xref: FMA:62070 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/DA-loops_in_PD.jpg xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1010011 xref: SCTID:37467007 is_a: UBERON:0002730 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of thalamus is_a: UBERON:0002791 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001900 {source="FMA"} ! subthalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0009643 name: central tegmental tract namespace: uberon def: "The central tegmental tract is a structure in the midbrain and pons. The central tegmental tract includes ascending axonal fibers which arise from the rostral nucleus solitarius and terminate in the ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPM) of thalamus. Information from the thalamus will go to cortical taste area, namely the insula and frontal operculum. It also contains descending axonal fibers from the parvocellular red nucleus. The descending axons will project to the inferior olivary nucleus. This latter pathway will be used to connect the contralateral cerebellum." [Wikipedia:Central_tegmental_tract] xref: FMA:83850 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Midbrainsuperiorcolliculus.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1010012 xref: SCTID:369034000 is_a: UBERON:0007702 {source="FMA"} ! tract of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0009646 name: lumbar sympathetic nerve trunk namespace: uberon def: "A sympathetic nerve trunk that is part of a lower back." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001163 xref: ncithesaurus:Lumbar_Sympathetic_Nerve_Trunk xref: UMLS:C1708762 [Term] id: UBERON:0009661 name: midbrain nucleus namespace: uberon def: "Nucleus located in the midbrain." [ZFIN:curator] xref: SCTID:279285003 xref: TAO:0002209 xref: ZFA:0001665 is_a: UBERON:0002950 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of midbrain intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain [Term] id: UBERON:0009662 name: hindbrain nucleus namespace: uberon def: "Nucleus located within the hindbrain." [ZFIN:curator] xref: TAO:0002177 xref: ZFA:0001658 intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain [Term] id: UBERON:0009663 name: telencephalic nucleus namespace: uberon def: "A nucleus of brain that is part of a telencephalon." [OBOL:automatic] xref: TAO:0002178 xref: ZFA:0001660 is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0009673 name: accessory XI nerve cranial component namespace: uberon comment: Editors/usage notes: May be obsoleted in future. WP states: Traditional descriptions of the accessory nerve divide it into two parts: a spinal part and a cranial part.[1] But because the cranial component rapidly joins the vagus nerve and serves the same function as other vagal nerve fibers, modern descriptions often consider the cranial component part of the vagus nerve and not part of the accessory nerve proper.[2] Thus in contemporary discussions of the accessory nerve, the common practice is to dismiss the cranial part altogether, referring to the accessory nerve specifically as the spinal accessory nerve. xref: EHDAA2:0000107 xref: EHDAA:5574 xref: EMAPA:17266 xref: MA:0001089 xref: VHOG:0001174 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0002019 {source="MA"} ! accessory XI nerve property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "Cranial nerves XI and XII evolved in the common ancestor to amniotes (non-amphibian tetrapods) thus totalling twelve pairs.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001174", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranial_nerves"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009674 name: accessory XI nerve spinal component namespace: uberon xref: EHDAA2:0000108 xref: EHDAA:5576 xref: EMAPA:17160 xref: MA:0001090 xref: VHOG:0001115 is_a: UBERON:0001780 {source="MA"} ! spinal nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0002019 {source="EHDAA2"} ! accessory XI nerve property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "Cranial nerves XI and XII evolved in the common ancestor to amniotes (non-amphibian tetrapods) thus totalling twelve pairs.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001115", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranial_nerves"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009675 name: facial VII nerve chorda tympani branch namespace: uberon xref: EHDAA2:0000490 xref: EHDAA:3719 xref: EMAPA:18217 xref: MA:0001092 xref: VHOG:0001343 is_a: UBERON:0001647 {is_inferred="true"} ! facial nerve is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001647 {source="EHDAA2"} ! facial nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0009676 name: early telencephalic vesicle namespace: uberon synonym: "early telencephalic ventricle" RELATED [] synonym: "early telencephalic vesicle" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001981] xref: EFO:0003562 xref: EHDAA2:0001981 xref: EHDAA:1993 xref: EHDAA:2671 xref: EMAPA:16914 is_a: UBERON:0013150 ! future brain vesicle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006284 {source="EHDAA2"} ! early prosencephalic vesicle relationship: located_in UBERON:0001893 {source="EHDAA2"} ! telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0009758 name: abdominal ganglion namespace: uberon def: "A ganglion that is part of a abdominal segment of trunk." [OBOL:automatic] xref: SCTID:280508003 is_a: UBERON:0007134 {is_inferred="true"} ! trunk ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0009775 name: lateral medullary reticular complex namespace: uberon synonym: "lateral group of medullary reticular formation" EXACT [FMA:72573] synonym: "lateral medullary reticular group" EXACT [FMA:72573] synonym: "lateral reticular formation of the medulla oblongata" EXACT [FMA:72573] xref: FMA:72573 is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007245 {source="FMA"} ! nuclear complex of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002559 {source="FMA"} ! medullary reticular formation [Term] id: UBERON:0009776 name: intermediate reticular formation namespace: uberon def: "." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=440764&aid=3413098&group_id=36855] xref: TAO:0000219 xref: ZFA:0000219 is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007245 {source="UBERON:cjm"} ! nuclear complex of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002559 {source="GOC:pr", source="brainspan.org"} ! medullary reticular formation [Term] id: UBERON:0009777 name: intermediate reticular nucleus namespace: uberon def: "A nucleus of brain that is part of a intermediate reticular formation." [OBOL:automatic] xref: ABA:IRN xref: FMA:84336 is_a: UBERON:0002579 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of medullary reticular formation is_a: UBERON:0007635 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of medulla oblongata intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009776 ! intermediate reticular formation [Term] id: UBERON:0009834 name: dorsolateral prefrontal cortex namespace: uberon def: "The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DL-PFC or DLPFC), according to a more restricted definition, is roughly equivalent to Brodmann areas 9 and 46.[1] According to a broader definition DL-PFC consists of the lateral portions of Brodmann areas 9 12, of areas 45, 46, and the superior part of area 47.[2] These regions mainly receive their blood supply from the middle cerebral artery. With respect to neurotransmitter systems, there is evidence that dopamine plays a particularly important role in DL-PFC.[2]DL-PFC is connected to the orbitofrontal cortex, and to a variety of brain areas, which include the thalamus, parts of the basal ganglia (the dorsal caudate nucleus), the hippocampus, and primary and secondary association areas of neocortex, including posterior temporal, parietal, and occipital areas" [Wikipedia:Dorsolateral_prefrontal_cortex] comment: check dorsolateral prefrontal neocortex is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: overlaps UBERON:0006483 ! brodmann (1909) area 46 relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0009835 name: anterior cingulate cortex namespace: uberon def: "the frontal part of the cingulate cortex, that resembles a 'collar' form around the corpus callosum, the fibrous bundle that relays neural signals between the right and left cerebral hemispheres of the brain. It includes both the ventral and dorsal areas of the cingulate cortex, and appears to play a role in a wide variety of autonomic functions, such as regulating blood pressure and heart rate, as well as rational cognitive functions, such as reward anticipation, decision-making, empathy[1] and emotion." [Wikipedia:Anterior_cingulate_cortex] xref: BTO:0004249 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Gray727_anterior_cingulate_cortex.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_936 is_a: UBERON:0002619 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0003027 {source="BTO"} ! cingulate cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0009836 name: fronto-orbital gyrus namespace: uberon synonym: "fronto-orbital gyrus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1243] synonym: "orbito-frontal gyrus" EXACT [] synonym: "orbitofrontal gyrus" EXACT [] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1243 is_a: UBERON:0007193 {source="NIF"} ! orbital gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004167 ! orbitofrontal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0009840 name: lower rhombic lip namespace: uberon def: "Posterior portion of the rhombic lip contained within rhombomeres 2-8. Gives rise to several brainstem nuclei and choroid plexus." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "caudal rhombic lip" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: TAO:0001441 xref: ZFA:0001441 is_a: UBERON:0002616 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of brain relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005507 {source="ZFA"} ! rhombomere 3 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005511 {source="ZFA"} ! rhombomere 4 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005515 {source="ZFA"} ! rhombomere 5 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005519 {source="ZFA"} ! rhombomere 6 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005523 {source="ZFA"} ! rhombomere 7 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005527 {source="ZFA"} ! rhombomere 8 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005569 {source="ZFA"} ! rhombomere 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006215 {source="ZFA"} ! rhombic lip [Term] id: UBERON:0009841 name: upper rhombic lip namespace: uberon def: "Anterior-most region of dorsal hindbrain within rhombomere 1, adjacent the midbrain-hindbrain boundary." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "cerebellar anlage" EXACT [ZFA:0001442] synonym: "presumptive cerebellum" EXACT [ZFA:0001442] synonym: "rostral rhombic lip" EXACT [DHB:URL] xref: TAO:0001442 xref: ZFA:0001442 is_a: UBERON:0002616 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of brain relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003052 {source="ZFA-def"} ! midbrain-hindbrain boundary relationship: part_of UBERON:0005499 {source="ZFA"} ! rhombomere 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006215 {source="ZFA"} ! rhombic lip [Term] id: UBERON:0009857 name: cavum septum pellucidum namespace: uberon def: "Space enclosed within the laminae of the septum pelludicum, the membranous partition that seperates the frontal horns of the ventricle. contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that filters from the ventricles through the septal laminae. bounded anteriorly by the genu of the corpus callosum; superiorly by the body of the corpus callosum; posteriorly by the anterior limb and pillars of the fornix; inferiorly by the anterior commissure and the rostrum of the corpus callosum; and laterally by the leaflets of the septum pellucidum. In humans, present in 100% of fetuses, but over 85% of them fuse by 36 months after birth." [BTO:0003447, Wikipedia:Cave_of_septum_pellucidum] synonym: "cave of septum pellucidum" EXACT [FMA:61874] synonym: "cavum of septum pellucidum" EXACT [FMA:61874] synonym: "cavum septi pellucidi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cave_of_septum_pellucidum] synonym: "cavum septi pellucidi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cave_of_septum_pellucidum] synonym: "fifth ventricle" RELATED [FMA:61874, Wikipedia:Cave_of_septum_pellucidum] synonym: "septum pellucidum cave" EXACT [FMA:61874] synonym: "ventriculus septi pellucidi" EXACT [FMA:61874] xref: BTO:0003447 xref: FMA:61874 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/CavumSeptumPellucidumDiagram.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Fifth_Ventricle xref: SCTID:180933005 xref: UMLS:C0228158 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004714 ! septum pellucidum [Term] id: UBERON:0009897 name: right auditory cortex namespace: uberon def: "An auditory cortex that is in the left side of a brain." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:242654 intersection_of: UBERON:0001393 ! auditory cortex intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0009898 name: left auditory cortex namespace: uberon def: "An auditory cortex that is in the right side of a brain." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:242656 intersection_of: UBERON:0001393 ! auditory cortex intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0009899 name: pole of cerebral hemisphere namespace: uberon def: "The anterior end of the hemisphere is named the frontal pole. The posterior end is named the occipital pole. The anterior end of the temporal lobe, the temporal pole." [Wikipedia:Poles_of_cerebral_hemispheres] synonym: "polus frontalis, polus occipitalis, polus temporalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Poles_of_cerebral_hemispheres] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Human_brain_lateral_view_description.JPG is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0009907 name: sensory root of trigeminal nerve namespace: uberon synonym: "radix sensoria (nervus trigeminus [v])" EXACT [FMA:52611] xref: FMA:52611 xref: SCTID:280188009 is_a: UBERON:0004673 {source="FMA"} ! trigeminal nerve root [Term] id: UBERON:0009908 name: caudal root of abducens nerve namespace: uberon synonym: "radix caudalis nervi abducentis" EXACT [ZFA:0000179] xref: TAO:0000179 xref: ZFA:0000179 is_a: UBERON:0004732 {is_inferred="true"} ! segmental subdivision of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001646 {source="ZFA"} ! abducens nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0009909 name: rostral root of abducens nerve namespace: uberon xref: TAO:0000665 xref: ZFA:0000665 is_a: UBERON:0004732 {is_inferred="true"} ! segmental subdivision of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001646 {source="ZFA"} ! abducens nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0009918 name: retrotrapezoid nucleus namespace: uberon def: "the loose collection of neurons that reside in the rostral medulla close to the medullary surface, ventral and immediately caudal of nVII, that are crucial for CO2 sensing in the brain" [MP:0011406] is_a: UBERON:0000125 {source="cjm"} ! neural nucleus is_a: UBERON:0007635 {is_inferred="true"} ! nucleus of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="MP"} ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0009950 name: olfactory bulb plexiform layer namespace: uberon comment: check if the NIF class is actually a grouping class synonym: "plexiform layer" BROAD [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090405] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090405 is_a: UBERON:0004001 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! olfactory bulb layer [Term] id: UBERON:0009951 name: main olfactory bulb namespace: uberon def: "The main olfactory bulb has a multi-layered cellular architecture. In order from surface to the center the layers are: Glomerular layer, External plexiform layer, Mitral cell layer, Internal plexiform layer, Granule cell layer[WP]." [Wikipedia:Olfactory_bulb#Main_olfactory_bulb] comment: Note that the structure in many ontologies called simply 'olfactory bulb' may in fact belong here xref: ABA:MOB is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002264 {source="cjm"} ! olfactory bulb property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002266 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002590 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002893 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0004069 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009952 name: subgranular zone namespace: uberon def: "a narrow layer of cells located between the granule cell layer and hilus of the dentate gyrus, where adult neurogenesis occurs. " [Wikipedia:Subgranular_zone] synonym: "subgranular zone of dentate gyrus" EXACT [] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Doublecortin_expression-2.png/600px-Doublecortin_expression-2.png is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001885 ! dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation [Term] id: UBERON:0009968 name: primitive superior sagittal sinus namespace: uberon xref: EHDAA2:0001527 xref: EHDAA:9876 xref: EMAPA:18636 is_a: UBERON:0003499 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0005486 {source="EHDAA2"} ! venous dural sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0009969 name: stato-acoustic epithelium namespace: uberon comment: Editor note: required by CL xref: FMA:64804 is_a: UBERON:0006934 {source="FMA"} ! sensory epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0009975 name: remnant of lumen of Rathke's pouch namespace: uberon comment: Editors note: requires review synonym: "adenohypophysis invagination" RELATED [EHDAA2:0004139] xref: EHDAA2:0004139 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002196 ! adenohypophysis [Term] id: UBERON:0009992 name: cranial sensory ganglion namespace: uberon def: "the ganglion found on the root of each cranial nerve, containing the cell bodies of afferent (sensory) neurons. " [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cranial+sensory+ganglion] comment: Editor note: check this - merge into cranial ganglion? WP: the geniculate, petrosal and nodose ganglia, appended respectively to cranial nerves VII, IX and X. Other ontology notes: has no subtypes in FMA synonym: "cranial nerve sensory ganglion" EXACT [FMA:5887] synonym: "ganglion sensorium cranialium" EXACT [FMA:5887] synonym: "sensory ganglion of cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:5887] xref: FMA:5887 is_a: UBERON:0001714 {source="cjm"} ! cranial ganglion is_a: UBERON:0001800 {source="FMA"} ! sensory ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0010009 name: aggregate regional part of brain namespace: uberon def: "A regional part of brain consisting of multiple brain regions that are not related through a simple volummetric part of hierarchy, e.g., basal ganglia[NIF]." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090509] synonym: "set of nuclei of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:256381] xref: FMA:256381 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090509 is_a: UBERON:0002616 {source="NIF"} ! regional part of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0010010 name: basal nucleus of telencephalon namespace: uberon def: "Subdivision of telencephalon which is actually several islands of neurons lying within the substantia innominata, located ventral to the basal ganglia and anterior to the hypothalamus." [FMA:61887, Wikipedia:Nucleus_basalis_of_Meynert] comment: AO notes: MA has basal nucleus as synonym for BG. Function notes: rich in acetylcholine and choline acetyltransferase[WP]. Location notes: The NBM is inferior to the globus pallidus and within an area known as the substantia innominata synonym: "basal magnocellular nucleus (substantia innominata)" EXACT [FMA:61887] synonym: "basal nuclei of Meynert" EXACT [FMA:61887] synonym: "basal nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1107] synonym: "basal nucleus of Meynert" EXACT [FMA:61887] synonym: "basal substance of telencephalon" EXACT [FMA:61887] synonym: "ganglion of Meynert" EXACT [FMA:61887] synonym: "Meynert's nucleus" EXACT [FMA:61887] synonym: "nucleus basalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1107] synonym: "nucleus basalis of Meynert" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1107] synonym: "nucleus basalis telencephali" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nucleus_basalis_of_Meynert] synonym: "substantia basalis telencephali" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:61887 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Substantia_innominata_MRI.PNG xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1107 xref: SCTID:369109003 is_a: UBERON:0002308 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003017 {source="WP"} ! substantia innominata [Term] id: UBERON:0010011 name: collection of basal ganglia namespace: uberon comment: Editor note: it is necessary to introduce two classes, one representing an individual basal ganglion, another representing the aggregate structure, in order to have consistent classification amongst AOs (e.g. in MA the aygdala is part of the BG, in FMA and BTO it is a subclass). Apart from achieving this consistency, the value of having two distinct classes is questionable, since the BG-plural is trivially the collection of all BGs-singular. it would be better for all AOs to decide on one single way of doing this. Do not merge until this is done. synonym: "basal ganglia" EXACT [FMA:84013] synonym: "basal ganglia set" EXACT [FMA:84013] synonym: "set of basal ganglia" EXACT [FMA:84013] xref: BM:Tel-BG xref: FMA:84013 xref: GAID:617 xref: MA:0000184 xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.105 xref: ncithesaurus:Basal_Ganglia xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_826 xref: UMLS:C0004781 xref: VHOG:0001696 is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon is_a: UBERON:0010009 {source="FMA"} ! aggregate regional part of brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 {source="NIF"} ! telencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "All nuclei of the mammalian basal ganglia are also present in the oldest vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001696", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.cub.2011.05.001 Stephenson-Jones M, Samuelsson E, Ericsson J, Robertson B, Grillner S, Evolutionary conservation of the basal ganglia as a common vertebrate mechanism for action selection. Current Biology (2011)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010036 name: anterior tegmental nucleus namespace: uberon def: "a group of cells located ventral to the decussation of the superior cerebellar peduncle in the mouse ( Paxinos-2001 ) and rat ( Swanson-1998 )" [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=1115] xref: ABA:AT xref: MA:0001055 is_a: UBERON:0006331 {source="MA"} ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009661 {is_inferred="true"} ! midbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 {source="MA", source="ABA"} ! midbrain [Term] id: UBERON:0010091 name: future hindbrain meninges namespace: uberon def: "A multi-tissue structure that develops_into a meninx of hindbrain." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000610 is_a: UBERON:0002616 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain [Term] id: UBERON:0010092 name: future metencephalon namespace: uberon def: "A developing anatomical structure that develops_into a metencephalon." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000623 is_a: UBERON:0002616 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain [Term] id: UBERON:0010096 name: future myelencephalon namespace: uberon def: "A developing anatomical structure that develops_into a myelencephalon." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000640 is_a: UBERON:0002616 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain [Term] id: UBERON:0010115 name: future dura mater namespace: uberon def: "A meninx that develops_into a dura mater." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0004317 is_a: UBERON:0002360 ! meninx intersection_of: UBERON:0002360 ! meninx intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater [Term] id: UBERON:0010122 name: future caudate nucleus namespace: uberon def: "A nucleus of brain that develops_into a caudate nucleus." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0004461 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001873 ! caudate nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0010123 name: future facial nucleus namespace: uberon def: "A gray matter of neuraxis that develops_into a facial nucleus." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0004639 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis intersection_of: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0000127 ! facial nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0010124 name: future inferior salivatory nucleus namespace: uberon def: "A gray matter of neuraxis that develops_into a inferior salivatory nucleus." [OBOL:automatic] comment: TODO - devfrom xref: EHDAA2:0004643 intersection_of: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002872 ! inferior salivatory nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0010125 name: future superior salivatory nucleus namespace: uberon def: "A gray matter of neuraxis that develops_into a superior salivatory nucleus." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0004644 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis intersection_of: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002149 ! superior salivatory nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0010126 name: future nucleus ambiguus namespace: uberon def: "A gray matter of neuraxis that develops_into a nucleus ambiguus." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0004647 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis intersection_of: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001719 ! nucleus ambiguus [Term] id: UBERON:0010127 name: future dorsal motor nucleus of vagus namespace: uberon def: "A gray matter of neuraxis that develops_into a dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0004650 is_a: UBERON:0000125 {source="EHDAA2"} ! neural nucleus intersection_of: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002870 ! dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0010128 name: future pterygopalatine ganglion namespace: uberon def: "A ganglion that develops_into a pterygopalatine ganglion." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "future Meckel ganglion" EXACT [MP:0008314, OBOL:automatic] synonym: "future Meckel's ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6965, OBOL:automatic] synonym: "future nasal ganglion" EXACT [MP:0008314, OBOL:automatic] synonym: "future palatine ganglion" EXACT [MP:0008314, OBOL:automatic] synonym: "future pterygopalatine ganglia" EXACT [MP:0008314, OBOL:automatic] synonym: "future sphenopalatine ganglion" EXACT [MP:0008314, OBOL:automatic] synonym: "future sphenopalatine parasympathetic ganglion" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000673] synonym: "future sphenopalatine parasympathetic ganglion" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001889, OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000673 is_a: UBERON:0001808 {is_inferred="true"} ! parasympathetic ganglion intersection_of: UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0003962 ! pterygopalatine ganglion relationship: part_of UBERON:0001808 {source="EHDAA2"} ! parasympathetic ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0010133 name: neuroendocrine gland namespace: uberon def: "An endocrine gland that is part of a nervous system." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000720 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure [Term] id: UBERON:0010134 name: secretory circumventricular organ namespace: uberon xref: MA:0002943 is_a: UBERON:0005408 {source="MA"} ! circumventricular organ is_a: UBERON:0010133 {source="MA"} ! neuroendocrine gland [Term] id: UBERON:0010135 name: sensory circumventricular organ namespace: uberon xref: MA:0002944 is_a: UBERON:0005408 {source="MA"} ! circumventricular organ [Term] id: UBERON:0010202 name: lateral line namespace: uberon def: "The lateral line consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head and body of all fishes and most amphibians. The lateral line develops from cranial ectodermal placodes situated behind the ear and between the eye and ear." [Wikipedia:Lateral_line, ZFA:0001469] synonym: "lateral lines" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001469] xref: AAO:0011128 xref: TAO:0001469 xref: XAO:0004002 xref: ZFA:0001469 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002540 {source="ZFA"} ! lateral line system [Term] id: UBERON:0010225 name: thalamic complex namespace: uberon xref: EHDAA2:0004469 xref: FMA:258745 is_a: UBERON:0002784 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 {source="EHDAA2"} ! diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0010262 name: operculum of brain namespace: uberon def: "The most posterior portion of the inferior frontal gyrus of the frontal lobe in the brain. In an axial plane, the Sylvian fissure extends from the operculum posteriorly to divide the frontal from the temporal lobe. Broca's area is a notable part of the operculum, which plays a key role in conversation or speech production, reading and writing. Its vascular supply comes from the M3 branches of the middle cerebral artery[WP]." [Wikipedia:Operculum_%28brain%29] synonym: "operculum" BROAD [HP:0100954] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Operculum.png xref: SCTID:362351003 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 {source="HP"} ! cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0010269 name: filum terminale internum namespace: uberon synonym: "internal part of filum terminale" EXACT [FMA:256524] xref: FMA:256524 xref: SCTID:315673007 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0005443 {source="FMA"} ! filum terminale [Term] id: UBERON:0010270 name: filum terminale externum namespace: uberon synonym: "external part of filum terminale" EXACT [FMA:256526] xref: FMA:256526 xref: SCTID:315573001 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0005443 {source="FMA"} ! filum terminale [Term] id: UBERON:0010285 name: midbrain basal plate namespace: uberon def: "Portion of tissue that is dorsolateral to the floor plate and part of the midbrain." [ZFA:0000761] synonym: "basal plate midbrain" EXACT [TAO:0000761] xref: EFO:0003567 xref: EHDAA2:0004375 xref: TAO:0000761 xref: ZFA:0000761 is_a: UBERON:0002020 {source="EHDAA2"} ! gray matter of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0009581 {source="EHDAA2"} ! midbrain mantle layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0010286 {source="ZFA"} ! midbrain neural tube [Term] id: UBERON:0010286 name: midbrain neural tube namespace: uberon def: "Portion of neural tube that gives rise to the midbrain." [ZFA:0007039] xref: TAO:0007039 xref: ZFA:0007039 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003080 {source="ZFA"} ! anterior neural tube [Term] id: UBERON:0010287 name: motor root of facial nerve namespace: uberon synonym: "facial nerve motor root" EXACT [FMA:53419] synonym: "seventh cranial nerve motor root" EXACT [FMA:53419] xref: FMA:53419 xref: SCTID:280191009 is_a: UBERON:0004674 {source="FMA"} ! facial nerve root relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005239 {source="Wikipedia"} ! basal plate metencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0010380 name: enteric nerve namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a enteric nervous system." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001145 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002005 ! enteric nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0010403 name: cortical marginal zone namespace: uberon def: "developing superficial cortical layer located just under the pia matter." [MP:MP] comment: TODO; add other marginal zones; determine correct developmental relationships synonym: "brain marginal zone" BROAD [MA:0000812] synonym: "cortical marginal zone" EXACT [MP:0000792] synonym: "MZ" EXACT [MP:0000792] xref: MA:0000812 is_a: UBERON:0002301 ! layer of neocortex relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002361 ! pia mater [Term] id: UBERON:0010404 name: lateral ventricle subependymal layer namespace: uberon def: "A cell layer below the ependyma in the lateral ventricles of the brain. This region contains adult neural stem cells which have the potential to generate new neurons and glial cells via neurogenesis. It is an adult version of the embryonic forebrain germinal zone" [Wikipedia:Subependymal_zone] xref: MA:0000965 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 {source="MA"} ! telencephalic ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0004922 {source="Wikipedia"} ! postnatal subventricular zone [Term] id: UBERON:0010405 name: spinal cord lateral motor column namespace: uberon def: "Column of motor neurons which innervate muscles in the limb; motor neurons in the lateral motor column are further organized into pools, each of which innervates a specific muscle in the limb" [MP:MP] xref: MA:0001129 is_a: UBERON:0000073 ! regional part of nervous system is_a: UBERON:0001948 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0010406 name: cholinergic enteric nerve namespace: uberon def: "nerve fibers that utilize acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter to the intestinal system" [MP:0001049] xref: MA:0001146 is_a: UBERON:0010380 ! enteric nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0010415 name: barrel cortex namespace: uberon def: "dark-staining regions of layer four of the somatosensory cortex where somatosensory inputs from the contralateral side of the body come in from the thalamus. Barrels are found in some species of rodents and species of at least two other orders." [MP:MP] comment: The term barrel field of the primary somatosensory area refers to one of 6 subdivisions of the primary somesthetic area of the cerebral cortex in the mouse ( Dong-2004 ) and the rat ( Swanson-2004 ). The other five are the lower limb of the primary somatosensory area, the mouth of the primary somatosensory area, the nose of the primary somatosensory area, the trunk of the primary somatosensory area and the upper limb of the primary somatosensory area. -- http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=2703 synonym: "primary somatosensory area, barrel field" RELATED [ABA:SSp-bfd] xref: ABA:SSp-bfd xref: MA:0002712 is_a: UBERON:0002619 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0008933 ! primary somatosensory cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0010505 name: periosteal dura mater namespace: uberon def: "The outermost of the two layers of the cranial dura mater which normally always adheres to the periosteum of the bones of the cranial vault" [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "outer layer of dura mater" EXACT [FMA:231547] synonym: "outer periosteal layer of dura mater" EXACT [] synonym: "periosteal dura" EXACT [FMA:231547] synonym: "periosteal layer of dura mater" EXACT [FMA:231547] xref: FMA:231547 xref: ncithesaurus:Periosteal_Layer_of_the_Dura_Mater xref: UMLS:C1518991 is_a: UBERON:0010507 {source="FMA"} ! layer of dura mater relationship: part_of UBERON:0002092 ! brain dura mater property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0010506 [Term] id: UBERON:0010506 name: meningeal dura mater namespace: uberon comment: Editors note: not clear whether this should be classified as part of cranial dura mater, as the division only makes sense in this area synonym: "inner layer of dura mater" EXACT [FMA:231549] synonym: "meningeal dura" EXACT [FMA:231549] synonym: "meningeal layer of dura mater" EXACT [FMA:231549] xref: FMA:231549 xref: ncithesaurus:Meningeal_Layer_of_the_Dura_Mater xref: UMLS:C1513121 is_a: UBERON:0010507 {source="FMA"} ! layer of dura mater [Term] id: UBERON:0010507 name: layer of dura mater namespace: uberon def: "The intracranial dura mater, consisting of two layers: the outer periosteal layer which normally always adheres to the periosteum of the bones of the cranial vault; and the inner meningeal layer which in most places is fused with the outer. The two layers separate to accommodate meningeal vessels and large venous (dural) sinuses. The meningeal layer is also involved in the formation of the various dural folds, such as the falx cerebri and tentorium cerebelli and is comparable to and continuous with the dural mater of the spinal cord. The cranial epidural space is then a potential space between the bone and the combined periosteum/periosteal layer of the dura mater realised only pathologically and is neither continuous with or comparable to the vertebral epidural space" [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?periosteal+layer+of+dura+mater] comment: Editors note: not clear whether this should be classified as part of cranial dura mater, as the division only makes sense in this area xref: FMA:231545 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002363 {source="FMA"} ! dura mater [Term] id: UBERON:0010743 name: meningeal cluster namespace: uberon def: "The collection of all meningeal layers that line a central nervous system." [UBERON:cjm] comment: In some primitive organisms, the meningeal cluster includes only the primitive meninx synonym: "cluster of meninges" EXACT [FMA:231572] synonym: "meninges" EXACT [FMA:231572] xref: EHDAA2:0004661 xref: FMA:231572 xref: SCTID:362879001 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "meningeal" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0011096 name: lacrimal nerve namespace: uberon def: "The lacrimal nerve is the smallest of the three branches of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve." [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_nerve] xref: FMA:52628 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/45/Gray787.png xref: SCTID:280218007 is_a: UBERON:0002003 {source="ncithesaurus"} ! peripheral nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0000348 {source="FMA"} ! ophthalmic nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011155 name: sylvian cistern namespace: uberon def: "The subarachnoid space associated with the lateral cerebral sulcus (Sylvian fissure); contains the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery and the origin of lenticulostriate arteries, and proximal parts of the middle cerebral artery" [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?Sylvian+cistern] xref: ncithesaurus:Sylvian_Cistern xref: UMLS:C1515104 is_a: UBERON:0004050 ! subarachnoid cistern [Term] id: UBERON:0011172 name: retrorubral area namespace: uberon def: "The term retrorubral area refers to a region of the rat brain caudal to the red nucleus and caudal and dorsal to the ventral tegmental area identified by Nissl stain in the rat ( Swanson-2004 ) and the mouse ( Hof-2000; Paxinos-2001 ). It is one of three parts of the midbrain reticular nucleus; the other two are the magnocellular part of the midbrain reticular nucleus and the parvicellular part of the midbrain reticular nucleus ( Swanson-2004 ). Some authors restrict its definition to the part of the retrorubral area where dopaminergic cells of the A8 cell group are prominent" [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=1049] synonym: "A8" BROAD [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090301] synonym: "midbrain reticular nucleus, retrorubral area" EXACT [ABA:RR] synonym: "retrorubal field" BROAD [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/] xref: ABA:RR xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090301 is_a: UBERON:0002635 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of midbrain tegmentum is_a: UBERON:0002950 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! regional part of midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0007415 {source="Obol"} ! nucleus of midbrain reticular formation [Term] id: UBERON:0011173 name: anterior division of bed nuclei of stria terminalis namespace: uberon def: "The term anterior nuclei of stria terminalis refers to one of two divisions of the nuclei of stria terminalis based on topology, connectivity and multiple stains in the rat ( Swanson-2004 ) and the mouse ( Dong-2004 ). The other division consists of the posterior nuclei of stria terminalis. The anterior division includes the anterolateral area of stria terminalis, anteromedial area of stria terminalis, oval nucleus of stria terminalis, juxtacapsular nucleus of stria terminalis, rhomboid nucleus of stria terminalis, dorsomedial nucleus of stria terminalis, fusiform nucleus of stria terminalis, ventral nucleus of stria terminalis, and the magnocellular nucleus of stria terminalis" [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=2753] synonym: "anterior division" BROAD [MA:0000926] synonym: "anterior nuclei of stria terminalis" EXACT [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu] synonym: "bed nuclei of the stria terminalis, anterior division" EXACT [ABA:BSTa] xref: ABA:BSTa xref: MA:0000926 is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001880 {source="MA"} ! bed nucleus of stria terminalis [Term] id: UBERON:0011175 name: fusiform nucleus of stria terminalis namespace: uberon def: "." [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=3218] synonym: "bed nuclei of the stria terminalis, anterior division, fusiform nucleus" EXACT [ABA:BSTfu] synonym: "fusiform nucleus" BROAD [MA:0000927] xref: ABA:BSTfu xref: MA:0000927 is_a: UBERON:0000125 ! neural nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0011173 {source="MA"} ! anterior division of bed nuclei of stria terminalis [Term] id: UBERON:0011176 name: oval nucleus of stria terminalis namespace: uberon def: "." [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=3214] synonym: "bed nuclei of the stria terminalis, anterior division, oval nucleus" EXACT [ABA:BSTov] synonym: "oval nucleus" EXACT [MA:0000929] xref: ABA:BSTov xref: MA:0000929 is_a: UBERON:0000125 ! neural nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0011173 {source="MA"} ! anterior division of bed nuclei of stria terminalis [Term] id: UBERON:0011177 name: posterior division of bed nuclei of stria terminalis namespace: uberon def: "The term posterior nuclei of stria terminalis refers to one of two divisions of the nuclei of stria terminalis based on topology, connectivity and multiple stains in the rat ( Swanson-2004 ) and the mouse ( Dong-2004 ). The other division consists of the anterior nuclei of stria terminalis. The posterior division includes the principal nucleus of stria terminalis, interfascicular nucleus of stria terminalis, transverse nucleus of stria terminalis, premedullary nucleus of stria terminalis, dorsal nucleus of stria terminalis, the strial extension of stria terminalis, and the cell sparse zone of stria terminalis." [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/CentralDirectory.aspx?ID=2754] synonym: "bed nuclei of the stria terminalis, posterior division" EXACT [ABA:BSTp] synonym: "posterior division" BROAD [MA:0000930] synonym: "posterior nuclei of stria terminalis" EXACT [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu] xref: ABA:BSTp xref: MA:0000930 is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001880 {source="MA"} ! bed nucleus of stria terminalis [Term] id: UBERON:0011178 name: principal nucleus of stria terminalis namespace: uberon def: "." [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=3221] synonym: "bed nuclei of the stria terminalis, posterior division, principal nucleus" EXACT [ABA:BSTpr] synonym: "principal nucleus" BROAD [MA:0000931] xref: ABA:BSTpr xref: MA:0000931 is_a: UBERON:0000125 ! neural nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0011177 {source="MA"} ! posterior division of bed nuclei of stria terminalis [Term] id: UBERON:0011179 name: transverse nucleus of stria terminalis namespace: uberon def: "." [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=3223] synonym: "bed nuclei of the stria terminalis, posterior division, transverse nucleus" EXACT [ABA:BSTtr] synonym: "transverse nucleus" BROAD [MA:0000932] xref: ABA:BSTtr xref: MA:0000932 is_a: UBERON:0000125 ! neural nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009663 {is_inferred="true"} ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0011177 {source="MA"} ! posterior division of bed nuclei of stria terminalis [Term] id: UBERON:0011194 name: ophthalmic plexus namespace: uberon def: "An autonomic plexus, entering the orbit in company with the ophthalmic artery, derived from the internal carotid plexus." [http://www.encyclo.co.uk/define/ophthalmic%20plexus] synonym: "ophthalmic nerve plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "ophthalmic plexus" EXACT [MA:0002185] synonym: "opthalmic plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "plexus ophthalmicus" EXACT LATIN [] xref: MA:0002185 xref: ncithesaurus:Ophthalmic_Plexus xref: UMLS:C1709326 is_a: UBERON:0001810 {source="ncithesaurus"} ! nerve plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0011213 name: root of vagus nerve namespace: uberon def: "A root of cranial nerve that is part of a vagus nerve." [OBOL:automatic] comment: FMA distinguishes between roots and rootlets - we mix the two here synonym: "rootlet of vagus nerve" EXACT [FMA:6213] synonym: "rX" BROAD [ZFA:0007011] synonym: "vagal root" EXACT [ZFA:0007011] synonym: "vagus nerve root" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1456] synonym: "vagus neural rootlet" RELATED [FMA:6213] synonym: "vagus root" EXACT [ZFA:0007011] xref: FMA:6213 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1456 xref: ZFA:0007011 is_a: UBERON:0004732 {is_inferred="true"} ! segmental subdivision of nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0011214 name: nucleus of midbrain tectum namespace: uberon def: "A neural nucleus that is part of a midbrain tectum." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nucleus of tectum" EXACT [FMA:258766] synonym: "tectal nucleus" BROAD [] xref: FMA:258766 is_a: UBERON:0002966 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of midbrain tectum is_a: UBERON:0009661 {is_inferred="true"} ! midbrain nucleus intersection_of: UBERON:0000125 ! neural nucleus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002314 ! midbrain tectum [Term] id: UBERON:0011215 name: cell part cluster of neuraxis namespace: uberon def: "A multi cell component structure that is part of a central nervous system." [OBOL:automatic] subset: upper_level synonym: "neuraxis layer" EXACT [FMA:83143] xref: FMA:83143 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure [Term] id: UBERON:0011299 name: white matter of telencephalon namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0013202 def: "A partion of white matter that is part of a telencephalon. This can be further subdivided in some species, for example, into hemisphere white matter and the corpus callosum." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "telencephalic tract/commissure" EXACT [ZFA:0000597] synonym: "telencephalic tracts" NARROW [TAO:0000597] xref: FMA:83930 xref: TAO:0000597 xref: ZFA:0000597 is_a: UBERON:0003544 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain white matter intersection_of: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "CNS white matter that is part of the telencephalon[ZFA:0000597]." xsd:string {source="ZFA:0000597"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011300 name: gray matter of telencephalon namespace: uberon def: "A portion of gray matter of neuraxis that is part of a telencephalon." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:83911 is_a: UBERON:0003528 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain grey matter intersection_of: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0011315 name: digastric branch of facial nerve namespace: uberon def: "The digastric branch of facial nerve arises close to the stylomastoid foramen, and divides into several filaments, which supply the posterior belly of the Digastricus; one of these filaments joins the glossopharyngeal nerve." [Wikipedia:Digastric_branch_of_facial_nerve] synonym: "branch of facial nerve to posterior belly of digastric" RELATED [FMA:53288] synonym: "digastric branch" BROAD [Wikipedia:Digastric_branch_of_facial_nerve] synonym: "digastric branch of facial nerve (CN VII)" EXACT [FEED:FEED] synonym: "facial nerve, digastric branch" EXACT [] synonym: "nerve to posterior belly of digastric" EXACT [FMA:53288] synonym: "ramus digastricus (nervus facialis)" EXACT [FMA:53288] synonym: "ramus digastricus nervus facialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:53288 xref: SCTID:17743006 is_a: UBERON:0001647 {is_inferred="true"} ! facial nerve is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001647 {source="FMA"} ! facial nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011316 name: nerve to stylohyoid from facial nerve namespace: uberon def: "The stylohyoid branch of facial nerve frequently arises in conjunction with the digastric branch; it is long and slender, and enters the Stylohyoideus about its middle." [Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_branch_of_facial_nerve] synonym: "facial nerve stylohyoid branch" EXACT [FMA:53298] synonym: "nerve to stylohyoid" EXACT [FMA:53298] synonym: "ramus stylohyoideus" EXACT [FMA:53298] synonym: "ramus stylohyoideus nervus facialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "stylodigastric nerve" EXACT [FMA:53298] synonym: "stylohyoid branch" RELATED [Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_branch_of_facial_nerve] synonym: "stylohyoid branch of facial nerve" EXACT [FMA:53298] xref: FMA:53298 xref: SCTID:89590005 is_a: UBERON:0001647 {is_inferred="true"} ! facial nerve is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001647 {source="FMA"} ! facial nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011317 name: nerve to stylopharyngeus from glossopharyngeal nerve namespace: uberon synonym: "branch of glossopharyngeal nerve to stylopharyngeus" EXACT [FMA:53487] synonym: "nerve to stylopharyngeus" EXACT [FMA:53487] synonym: "ramus musculi stylopharyngei nervus glossopharyngei" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "stylopharyngeal branch of glossopharyngeal nerve" EXACT [FMA:53487] xref: FMA:53487 xref: SCTID:280294008 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001649 {source="FMA"} ! glossopharyngeal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011321 name: masseteric nerve namespace: uberon def: "The masseteric nerve passes laterally, above the Pterygoideus externus, in front of the temporomandibular articulation, and behind the tendon of the Temporalis; it crosses the mandibular notch with the masseteric artery, to the deep surface of the Masseter, in which it ramifies nearly as far as its anterior border. It gives a filament to the temporomandibular joint." [Wikipedia:Masseteric_nerve] synonym: "nervus massetericus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Masseteric_nerve] xref: FMA:53103 xref: SCTID:280254006 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0000375 {source="FMA"} ! mandibular nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011322 name: mylohyoid nerve namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that innervates the mylohyoid muscle and the anterior belly of the digastric muscle." [Wikipedia:Mylohyoid_nerve] synonym: "branch of inferior alveolar nerve to mylohyoid" EXACT [FMA:53247] synonym: "mylodigastric nerve" EXACT [FMA:53247] synonym: "mylohyoid branch of inferior alveolar nerve" EXACT [FMA:53247] synonym: "nerve to mylohyoid" EXACT [FMA:53247] synonym: "nerve to mylohyoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mylohyoid_nerve] synonym: "nervus mylohyoideus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "nervus mylohyoideus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Mylohyoid_nerve] xref: FMA:53247 xref: SCTID:280269007 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011325 name: pharyngeal nerve plexus namespace: uberon def: "The pharyngeal plexus is a network of nerve fibers innervating most of the palate, larynx, and pharynx. It is located on the surface of the middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle." [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_plexus_of_vagus_nerve] synonym: "pharyngeal nerve plexus" EXACT [FMA:82453] synonym: "pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_plexus_of_vagus_nerve] synonym: "plexus pharyngeus nervi vagi" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_plexus_of_vagus_nerve] synonym: "vagus nerve pharyngeal plexus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:82453 xref: SCTID:369429008 is_a: UBERON:0001816 {source="FMA"} ! autonomic nerve plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0011326 name: superior laryngeal nerve namespace: uberon def: "The superior laryngeal nerve is a branch of the vagus nerve. It arises from the middle of the ganglion nodosum and in its course receives a branch from the superior cervical ganglion of the sympathetic. It descends, by the side of the pharynx, behind the internal carotid artery, and divides into two branches: external laryngeal nerve internal laryngeal nerve A superior laryngeal nerve palsy changes the pitch of the voice and causes an inability to make explosive sounds. If no recovery is evident three months after the palsy initially presents, the damage is most likely to be permanent. A bilateral palsy presents as a tiring and hoarse voice." [Wikipedia:Superior_laryngeal_nerve] synonym: "nervus laryngealis superior" EXACT [FMA:6239] synonym: "nervus laryngeus superior" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_laryngeal_nerve] synonym: "superior laryngeal branch of inferior vagal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6239] synonym: "superior laryngeal branch of vagus" EXACT [FMA:6239] xref: FMA:6239 xref: SCTID:279928006 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001759 {source="FMA"} ! vagus nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011327 name: deep temporal nerve namespace: uberon def: "The deep temporal nerves, branches of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve, are two in number, anterior and posterior. They pass above the upper border of the pterygoideus externus and enter the deep surface of the temporalis." [Wikipedia:Deep_temporal_nerves] synonym: "deep temporal nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Deep_temporal_nerves] synonym: "nervi temporales profundi" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:53187 xref: SCTID:280255007 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0000375 {source="FMA"} ! mandibular nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011357 name: Reissner's fiber namespace: uberon def: "An acellular strand that runs from subcommissural organ caudally through the ventricular system and central canal to the ampulla caudalis. Develops from glycoproteins secreted into CSF." [ISBN10:0471888893, Wikipedia:Reissner's_fiber] comment: Taxon notes: Reissner's fiber is present in the central canal of species in all chordate subphyla[Olsson R. (1993) Reissner's fiber mechanisms: some common denominators. In The Subcommissural Organ: An Ependymal Brain Gland ] synonym: "Reissner's fibre" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7711 {source="ISBN10:0471888893"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011358 name: infundibular organ namespace: uberon def: "." [] comment: Resembles the subcommisural organ structurally, ultrastructurally and immunochemically[Niewenhuys] Gives rise to Reissner's fiber; however secretions are not identical to those of SCO [PMID:9550137][doi:10.1007/BF00303086] synonym: "infundibular organ of Boeke" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral infundibular organ" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0000073 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system relationship: secretes UBERON:0011357 ! Reissner's fiber property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7737 {source="doi:10.1111/j.1463-6395.1976", stage="larval"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011359 name: urophysis namespace: uberon def: "This is a neurosecretory organ rostral to the ampulla caudalis on the ventral surface of the distal end of the spinal cord. Receives axons from caudal neurosecretory nucleus, which contains Dahlgren cells that secrete urotensin I and II, implicated in osmotic regulation, cardiovascular function and reproduction[Butler]." [ISBN10:0471888893] comment: Shares characteristics with neurohypophysis xref: BTO:0001848 is_a: UBERON:0010133 {is_inferred="true"} ! neuroendocrine gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 {source="BTO"} ! spinal cord property_value: RO:0002161 NCBITaxon:32523 {source="ISBN10:0471888893"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011360 name: ampulla caudalis namespace: uberon def: "A ventricle-like space at the end of the central canal" [ISBN10:0471888893] relationship: part_of UBERON:0002291 {notes="in caudal end of"} ! central canal [Term] id: UBERON:0011390 name: pudendal nerve namespace: uberon def: "The pudendal nerve is a somatic nerve in the pelvic region that innervates the external genitalia of both sexes, as well as sphincters for the bladder and the rectum. It originates in Onuf's nucleus in the sacral region of the spinal cord." [Wikipedia:Pudendal_nerve] synonym: "internal pudendal nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pudendal_nerve] synonym: "pudenal nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pudendal_nerve] synonym: "pudendal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pudendal_nerve] xref: FMA:19037 xref: SCTID:181057000 is_a: UBERON:0002003 {source="FMA"} ! peripheral nerve is_a: UBERON:0003444 {is_inferred="true"} ! pelvis nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011391 name: perineal nerve namespace: uberon def: "a nerve arising from the pudendal nerve that supplies the perineum." [Wikipedia:Perineal_nerve] synonym: "perineal branch of pudendal nerve" EXACT [FMA:21866] xref: FMA:21866 xref: SCTID:303236009 is_a: UBERON:0002003 {source="FMA"} ! peripheral nerve is_a: UBERON:0003444 {is_inferred="true"} ! pelvis nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0011390 ! pudendal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011590 name: commissure of diencephalon namespace: uberon def: "A commissure that is part of a diencephalon." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diencephalon commissure" EXACT [FMA:62445] xref: FMA:62445 is_a: UBERON:0005970 {is_inferred="true"} ! brain commissure is_a: UBERON:0011591 {is_inferred="true"} ! tract of diencephalon intersection_of: UBERON:0001020 ! commissure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0011591 name: tract of diencephalon namespace: uberon def: "An axon tract that is part of a diencephalon." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diencephalon tract" EXACT [FMA:62447] xref: FMA:62447 is_a: UBERON:0007702 {is_inferred="true"} ! tract of brain intersection_of: UBERON:0001018 ! axon tract intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0011766 name: vagus X nerve left recurrent laryngeal branch namespace: uberon synonym: "left recurrent laryngeal branch" EXACT [EMAPA:25350] synonym: "left recurrent laryngeal nerve" EXACT [FMA:14469] xref: EMAPA:25350 xref: FMA:14469 xref: MA:0001107 xref: SCTID:280300006 is_a: UBERON:0003716 {source="FMA"} ! recurrent laryngeal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011767 name: vagus X nerve right recurrent laryngeal branch namespace: uberon synonym: "right recurrent laryngeal branch" EXACT [EMAPA:17275] synonym: "right recurrent laryngeal nerve" EXACT [FMA:14468] xref: EMAPA:17275 xref: FMA:14468 xref: MA:0001108 xref: SCTID:280299003 is_a: UBERON:0003716 {source="FMA"} ! recurrent laryngeal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011768 name: pineal gland stalk namespace: uberon comment: Editors note: compare with habenula synonym: "epiphyseal stalk" EXACT [ZFA:0001292] synonym: "habenula" RELATED [] synonym: "pineal stalk" EXACT [TAO:0001292] xref: EMAPA:19036 xref: TAO:0001292 xref: VHOG:0001360 xref: ZFA:0001292 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001905 {source="EMAPA", source="VHOG"} ! pineal body property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The stalk emanates from the diencephalic roof at a left-of-medial position.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001292", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: part_of pineal complex (TAO:0001359)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001292", ontology="TAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The epithalamus contains the epiphysis (pineal gland and related structures), which is located at the end of a stalk, the epiphyseal stalk.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001360", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB, Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.66", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011775 name: vagus nerve nucleus namespace: uberon def: "A cranial nerve nucleus that overlaps a vagus nerve." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nucleus of vagal nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus of vagal X nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus of vagus nerve" EXACT [FMA:54573] synonym: "tenth cranial nerve nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54573] xref: FMA:54573 xref: SCTID:362467005 is_a: UBERON:0009662 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindbrain nucleus intersection_of: UBERON:0000126 ! cranial nerve nucleus intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain [Term] id: UBERON:0011776 name: spinal cord dorsal commissural nucleus namespace: uberon comment: Editors note: check this one synonym: "commissural nucleus of spinal cord" RELATED [FMA:73900] xref: FMA:73900 xref: MA:0001128 is_a: UBERON:0011777 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0011777 name: nucleus of spinal cord namespace: uberon def: "Nucleus of neuraxis which is located within the spinal cord. Example: dorsal nucleus of Clarke, Intermediolateral nucleus." [FMA:77011] synonym: "spinal cord nucleus" EXACT [FMA:77011] xref: FMA:77011 is_a: UBERON:0001948 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of spinal cord intersection_of: UBERON:0000125 ! neural nucleus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0011778 name: motor nucleus of vagal nerve namespace: uberon comment: Usage notes: in ZFA this is the superclass of dorsolateral and medial (which have not been generalized above ZFA). In this ontology it is a broad grouping class covering these zebrafish structures as well as the generalized dorsal motor nucleus synonym: "motor nucleus X" EXACT [ZFA:0000387] synonym: "nucleus motorius of nervi vagi" EXACT LATIN [ZFA:0000387] synonym: "nX" BROAD [ZFA:0000387] synonym: "vagal lobe" RELATED [ZFA:0000387] xref: ZFA:0000387 is_a: UBERON:0011775 ! vagus nerve nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0011779 name: nerve of head region namespace: uberon def: "A nerve that is part of a head." [OBOL:automatic] subset: grouping_class synonym: "cephalic nerve" RELATED [] synonym: "head nerve" RELATED [] [Term] id: UBERON:0011915 name: cerebellar glomerulus namespace: uberon def: "An intertwined cluster of nerve fibers surrounded by glia where mossy fibers from the pontine nuclei in the white matter synapse with granule cell axons, Golgi cell axons and unipolar brush interneuron axons" [ISBN:0838580343, MP:0004099] synonym: "cerebellar glomeruli" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_20090502 intersection_of: UBERON:0001047 ! neural glomerulus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002956 ! granular layer of cerebellar cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0011917 name: thalamic glomerulus namespace: uberon def: "Synaptic structure found in thalamic relay nuclei consising of a complex of afferent terminals, relay cell dendrites, interneuron dendrites and other processes. These complexes are surrounded by astrocytic processes." [NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_20090504] synonym: "thalamic glomeruli" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_20090504 intersection_of: UBERON:0001047 ! neural glomerulus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0011924 name: postganglionic autonomic fiber namespace: uberon def: "Nerve fibers which project from cell bodies of autonomic ganglia to synapses on target organs." [MESH:A08.663.542.100, Wikipedia:Postganglionic_nerve_fibers] synonym: "postganglionic autonomic fibre" RELATED [] synonym: "postganglionic nerve fiber" EXACT [FMA:5924] xref: FMA:5924 xref: MESH:A08.663.542.100 xref: ncithesaurus:Postganglionic_Autonomic_Fiber xref: UMLS:C0004384 is_a: UBERON:0006134 ! nerve fiber relationship: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0011925 name: preganglionic autonomic fiber namespace: uberon def: "Nerve fibers which project from the central nervous system to autonomic ganglia. In the sympathetic division most preganglionic fibers originate with neurons in the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord, exit via ventral roots from upper thoracic through lower lumbar segments, and project to the paravertebral ganglia; there they either terminate in synapses or continue through the splanchnic nerves to the prevertebral ganglia. In the parasympathetic division the fibers originate in neurons of the brain stem and sacral spinal cord. In both divisions the principal transmitter is acetylcholine but peptide cotransmitters may also be released." [MESH:A08.663.542.122, Wikipedia:Preganglionic_nerve_fibers] synonym: "preganglionic autonomic fibre" RELATED [] synonym: "preganglionic nerve fiber" EXACT [FMA:5923] xref: FMA:5923 xref: MESH:A08.663.542.122 is_a: UBERON:0006134 ! nerve fiber relationship: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0011926 name: postganglionic sympathetic fiber namespace: uberon def: "A noradrenergic or adrenergic axonal fiber projecting from a sympathetic ganglion to an effector organ" [MP:0008312] synonym: "postganglionic sympathetic fiber" RELATED [MESH:A08.663.542.075.800] synonym: "sympathetic postganglionic fiber" RELATED [MP:0008312] xref: MESH:A08.663.542.075.800 xref: ncithesaurus:Postganglionic_Sympathetic_Fiber xref: SCTID:323617002 xref: UMLS:C0206254 intersection_of: UBERON:0011924 ! postganglionic autonomic fiber intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0011927 name: preganglionic sympathetic fiber namespace: uberon def: "A cholinergic axonal fiber projecting from the CNS to a sympathetic ganglion" [MP:0008310] synonym: "sympathetic preganglionic fiber" RELATED [MP:0008310] xref: SCTID:323517007 intersection_of: UBERON:0011925 ! preganglionic autonomic fiber intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0011929 name: postganglionic parasympathetic fiber namespace: uberon def: "A cholinergic axonal fiber projecting from a parasympathetic ganglion to an effector organ" [MP:0008313] synonym: "parasympathetic postganglionic fiber" RELATED [MP:0008313] xref: MESH:A08.663.542.100.700 xref: ncithesaurus:Postganglionic_Parasympathetic_Fiber xref: UMLS:C0206252 intersection_of: UBERON:0011924 ! postganglionic autonomic fiber intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000011 ! parasympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0011930 name: preganglionic parasympathetic fiber namespace: uberon def: "A cholinergic axonal fibers projecting from the CNS to a parasympathetic ganglion" [MP:0008311] synonym: "parasympathetic preganglionic fiber" RELATED [MP:0008311] intersection_of: UBERON:0011925 ! preganglionic autonomic fiber intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000011 ! parasympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0012170 name: core of nucleus accumbens namespace: uberon synonym: "core of nucleus accumbens" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090306] synonym: "core region of nucleus accumbens" EXACT [FMA:77383] synonym: "nucleus accumbens core" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090306] xref: EFO:0002458 xref: FMA:77383 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090306 is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001882 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! nucleus accumbens [Term] id: UBERON:0012171 name: shell of nucleus accumbens namespace: uberon def: "Crescent shaped outer zone of the nucleus accumbens, defined by a combination of chemoarchitecture and afferent and efferent connections. The shell is distinguished from the more centrally located core through the notable reduction in staining for the calcium-binding protein calbindin D28K, which is dense in the core and virtually absent in the shell." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090307] synonym: "nucleus accumbens shell" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090307] synonym: "shell of nucleus accumbens" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090307] synonym: "shell region of nucleus accumbens" EXACT [FMA:77387] xref: EFO:0002459 xref: FMA:77387 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090307 is_a: UBERON:0002791 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001882 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! nucleus accumbens [Term] id: UBERON:0012175 name: acoustico-facial VII-VIII ganglion complex namespace: uberon synonym: "facio-acoustic ganglion complex VII-VIII" EXACT [EMAPA:16794] synonym: "facio-acoustic VII-VIII ganglion complex" RELATED [VHOG:0000715] xref: EHDAA2:0000494 xref: EMAPA:16794 xref: VHOG:0000715 is_a: UBERON:0001714 {source="cjm"} ! cranial ganglion relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006232 {source="cjm"} ! facio-acoustic VII-VIII preganglion complex [Term] id: UBERON:0012337 name: cauda equina namespace: uberon def: "The cauda equina is a structure within the lower end of the spinal column of most vertebrates, that consists of nerve roots and rootlets from above. The space in which the cerebrospinal fluid is present is actually an extension of the subarachnoid space. In humans, because the spinal cord stops growing in infancy while the bones of the spine continue growing, the spinal cord in adults ends at about the level of the vertebra L1/L2, and at birth at L3. However there is some variation in adults and the cord may end anywhere between vertebrae T12 to L3. Individual spinal nerve roots arise from the spinal cord as they do closer to the head, but as the differential growth occurs the top end of the nerve stays attached to the spinal cord and the lower end of the nerve exits the spinal column at its proper level, this results in a \"bundle\"-like structure of nerve fibres that extends caudally from the end of the spinal cord, gradually declining in number further down as individual pairs leave the spinal column. At the base of the Cauda Equina, there are approximately 10 fiber pairs, 3-5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and the single coccygeal nerve." [Wikipedia:Cauda_equina] synonym: "filum terminale" RELATED [MESH:A08.800.800.720.725.150] xref: FMA:52590 xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.725.150 xref: ncithesaurus:Cauda_Equina xref: SCTID:263377004 xref: UMLS:C0007458 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0009623 {source="MESH"} ! spinal nerve root [Term] id: UBERON:0012373 name: sympathetic nerve plexus namespace: uberon xref: MA:0001160 is_a: UBERON:0001816 {is_inferred="true"} ! autonomic nerve plexus intersection_of: UBERON:0001810 ! nerve plexus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0012374 name: subserosal plexus namespace: uberon def: "The subserous part of the enteric plexus of autonomic nerves" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/subserous+plexus] synonym: "subserous nerve plexus" EXACT [FMA:77598] synonym: "subserous plexus" EXACT [FMA:77598] synonym: "tela subserosa" EXACT [] xref: FMA:77598 xref: SCTID:110699000 is_a: UBERON:0000429 ! enteric plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0012448 name: corpuscles of herbst namespace: uberon def: "The Corpuscles of Herbst or Herbst corpuscles are a nerve-ending similar to the Pacinian corpuscle, in the mucous membrane of the tongue, in pits on the beak and in other parts of the bodies of birds. It differs from the Pacinian corpuscle in being smaller, in its capsules being more closely approximated, and in that the axis-cylinder in the central clear space is coated with a continuous row of nuclei. In many wading birds, a large number of Herbst corpuscles are found embedded in pits on the mandibles that are believed to enable birds to sense prey under wet sand or soil." [Wikipedia:Corpuscles_of_Herbst] synonym: "corpuscles of herbst" RELATED [Wikipedia:Corpuscles_of_Herbst] synonym: "herbst corpuscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Corpuscles_of_Herbst] is_a: UBERON:0012449 {source="Wikipedia"} ! mechanoreceptor [Term] id: UBERON:0012449 name: mechanoreceptor namespace: uberon def: "a sensory receptor that responds to mechanical pressure or distortion. Normally there are four main types in glabrous skin: Pacinian corpuscles, Meissner's corpuscles, Merkel's discs, and Ruffini endings. There are also mechanoreceptors in hairy skin, and the hair cells in the cochlea are the most sensitive mechanoreceptors, transducing air pressure waves into nerve signals sent to the brain. In the periodontal ligament, there are some mechanoreceptors, which allow the jaw to relax when biting down on hard objects; the mesencephalic nucleus is responsible for this reflex." [Wikipedia:Mechanoreceptor] synonym: "contact receptor" RELATED [FMA:85595] xref: FMA:85595 xref: MESH:A08.800.550.700.500 is_a: UBERON:0012451 {source="MESH"} ! sensory receptor [Term] id: UBERON:0012450 name: Meisner's corpuscle namespace: uberon def: "Meissner's corpuscles (or tactile corpuscles) are a type of mechanoreceptor. They are a type of nerve ending in the skin that is responsible for sensitivity to light touch. In particular, they have highest sensitivity (lowest threshold) when sensing vibrations lower than 50 Hertz. They are rapidly adaptive receptors." [Wikipedia:Meissner%27s_corpuscle] synonym: "meisner%27s corpuscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Meissner%27s_corpuscle] synonym: "meissner corpuscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Meissner%27s_corpuscle] synonym: "meissner corpuscle end-organ" RELATED [Wikipedia:Meissner%27s_corpuscle] synonym: "meissner%27s corpuscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Meissner%27s_corpuscle] synonym: "meissner%27s corpuscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Meissner%27s_corpuscle] synonym: "messier corpuscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Meissner%27s_corpuscle] synonym: "messner%27s corpuscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Meissner%27s_corpuscle] synonym: "tactile corpuscles of wagner and meissner" RELATED [Wikipedia:Meissner%27s_corpuscle] xref: FMA:83605 xref: ncithesaurus:Meissner_Corpuscle xref: SCTID:41421000 xref: UMLS:C0205831 is_a: UBERON:0012449 {source="Wikipedia"} ! mechanoreceptor [Term] id: UBERON:0012451 name: sensory receptor namespace: uberon def: "a sensory nerve ending that responds to a stimulus in the internal or external environment of an organism. In response to stimuli the sensory receptor initiates sensory transduction by creating graded potentials or action potentials in the same cell or in an adjacent one.." [Wikipedia:Sensory_receptor] synonym: "peripheral ending of sensory neuron" EXACT [FMA:84650] synonym: "sensory nerve ending" RELATED [MESH:A08.800.550.700] xref: FMA:84650 xref: MESH:A08.800.550.700 xref: ncithesaurus:Somatosensory_Receptor xref: SCTID:70402007 xref: UMLS:C0682664 is_a: UBERON:0012453 {source="MESH"} ! nerve ending [Term] id: UBERON:0012453 name: nerve ending namespace: uberon def: "Specialized terminations of peripheral neurons. Nerve endings include NEUROEFFECTOR JUNCTION(s) by which neurons activate target organs and sensory receptors (see RECEPTORS, SENSORY) which transduce information from the various sensory modalities and send it centrally in the nervous system. Presynaptic nerve endings are PRESYNAPTIC TERMINALS." [MESH:A08.800.550] comment: This class and subclasses may be ceded to GO synonym: "nerve ending" RELATED [MESH:A08.800.550] xref: MESH:A08.800.550 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001027 ! sensory nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0012456 name: Merkel nerve ending namespace: uberon def: "mechanoreceptors found in the skin and mucosa of vertebrates that provide touch information to the brain. The information they provide are those regarding pressure and texture. Each ending consists of a Merkel cell in close apposition with an enlarged nerve terminal" [Wikipedia:Merkel_nerve_ending] comment: Location: In mammals, Merkel nerve endings have a wide distribution. Merkel nerve endings are found in the basal layer of glabrous and hairy skin, in hair follicles, and in oral and anal mucosa. In humans, Merkel cells (along with Meissner's corpuscles) occur in the superficial skin layers, and are found clustered beneath the ridges of the fingertips that make up fingerprints. In hairy skin, Merkel nerve endings are clustered into specialized epithelial structures called "touch domes" or "hair disks". (Some other types of mechanoreceptors, such as Pacinian corpuscles and Ruffini endings, are found primarily in subcutaneous tissue.) Merkel receptors are also located in the mammary glands. Wherever they are found, the epithelium is arranged to optimize the transfer of pressure to the ending.[WP] synonym: "Merkel's disc" EXACT [FMA:83606] synonym: "Merkel's disk" EXACT [] synonym: "Merkel's tactile disc" EXACT [] xref: FMA:83606 xref: NIF_Subcellular:FMA_83606 xref: SCTID:9317004 [Term] id: UBERON:0012457 name: Ruffini nerve ending namespace: uberon def: "The Ruffini ending or Ruffini corpuscle is a class of slowly adapting mechanoreceptor which in humans is thought to exist only in the glabrous dermis and subcutaneous tissue[WP]." [Wikipedia:Bulbous_corpuscle] comment: AO notes: MP says subcutaneous tissue of digits; NCITA says hypodermis synonym: "bulbous corpuscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ruffini_ending] synonym: "corpuscle of ruffini" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ruffini_ending] synonym: "corpusculum sensorium fusiforme" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Ruffini_ending] synonym: "ruffini corpuscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ruffini_ending] synonym: "ruffini corpuscle end-organ" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ruffini_ending] synonym: "ruffini corpuscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ruffini_ending] synonym: "ruffini endings" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ruffini_ending] synonym: "ruffini%27s corpuscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ruffini_ending] synonym: "ruffini%27s end organ" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ruffini_ending] synonym: "ruffini%27s ending" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ruffini_ending] synonym: "ruffini%27s organs" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ruffini_ending] synonym: "Ruffini's corpuscle" EXACT [MP:0000989] xref: FMA:83602 xref: FMA:84004 xref: ncithesaurus:Ruffinis_Corpuscle xref: SCTID:53140000 xref: UMLS:C0035943 is_a: UBERON:0012449 {source="FMA"} ! mechanoreceptor [Term] id: UBERON:0013118 name: sulcus of brain namespace: uberon def: "a depression or fissure in the surface of the brain. It surrounds the gyri, creating the characteristic appearance of the brain in humans and other large mammals." [Wikipedia:Sulcus_(neuroanatomy)] synonym: "fissure of brain" NARROW [Wikipedia:Sulcus_(neuroanatomy)] [Term] id: UBERON:0013146 name: venous system of brain namespace: uberon def: "." [PMID:20557782, PMID:20566102] synonym: "brain venous system" EXACT [VHOG:0001328] synonym: "cranial venous system" RELATED [] xref: EHDAA2:0000185 xref: EMAPA:18631 xref: VHOG:0001328 is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 {source="EHDAA2"} ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0013147 name: early mesencephalic vesicle namespace: uberon comment: gives rise to midbrain vesicle which gives rise to cerebral aqueduct synonym: "mesencephalic vesicle" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001102] xref: EHDAA2:0001102 xref: EMAPA:16515 is_a: UBERON:0013150 ! future brain vesicle [Term] id: UBERON:0013148 name: early midbrain vesicle namespace: uberon comment: develops into cerebral aqueduct synonym: "midbrain vesicle" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001103] xref: EHDAA2:0001103 xref: EMAPA:16642 xref: SCTID:361481005 is_a: UBERON:0013150 ! future brain vesicle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0013147 {source="EHDAA2"} ! early mesencephalic vesicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 {source="EHDAA2"} ! midbrain [Term] id: UBERON:0013149 name: hindbrain vesicle namespace: uberon comment: gives rise of 4th ventricle synonym: "rhombencephalic vesicle" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000101] xref: EHDAA2:0000101 xref: EMAPA:16479 xref: SCTID:361482003 is_a: UBERON:0013150 ! future brain vesicle [Term] id: UBERON:0013150 name: future brain vesicle namespace: uberon comment: todo - resolve space vs structure inconsistency; consider adding all secondary vesicles (e.g. diencephalic; my/metencephalic. See http://www.dartmouth.edu/~rswenson/NeuroSci/chapter_4.html). Note that some sources may treat the term vesicle as the progenitor of the whole brain region; for example 'The retina develops directly from the neural tube as an outpouching from the diencephalic vesicle' synonym: "brain vesicle" RELATED [] synonym: "early brain vesicle" EXACT [] synonym: "primary brain vesicle" NARROW [] synonym: "primitive brain vesicle" EXACT [] synonym: "secondary brain vesicle" NARROW [] xref: SCTID:360409004 relationship: part_of UBERON:0005281 {source="EHDAA2"} ! ventricular system of central nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0013153 name: arachnoid villus namespace: uberon def: "Small protrusions of the arachnoid mater into vascular sinuses, acting as one-way pressure-sensitive valves." [ISBN10:0471888893, Wikipedia:Arachnoid_granulation] synonym: "arachnoid granulations" RELATED [Wikipedia:Arachnoid_granulation] synonym: "arachnoid villi" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Arachnoid_granulation] synonym: "arachnoid villus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Arachnoid_granulation] synonym: "arachnoidal granulations" RELATED [Wikipedia:Arachnoid_granulation] synonym: "glandul%c3%a6 pacchioni" RELATED [Wikipedia:Arachnoid_granulation] synonym: "glandulae pacchioni" RELATED [Wikipedia:Arachnoid_granulation] synonym: "granulationes arachnoideales" RELATED [Wikipedia:Arachnoid_granulation] synonym: "pacchioni%27s granulations" RELATED [Wikipedia:Arachnoid_granulation] synonym: "pacchionian bodies" RELATED [Wikipedia:Arachnoid_granulation] synonym: "pacchionian glands" RELATED [Wikipedia:Arachnoid_granulation] synonym: "paccini%27s granulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Arachnoid_granulation] xref: FMA:83980 xref: ncithesaurus:Arachnoid_Villus xref: UMLS:C0228130 is_a: UBERON:0004732 {is_inferred="true"} ! segmental subdivision of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002362 {source="FMA"} ! arachnoid mater property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Arachnoid granulations (or arachnoid villi) are small protrusions of the arachnoid (the thin second layer covering the brain) through the dura mater (the thick outer layer). They protrude into the venous sinuses of the brain, and allow cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to exit the brain, and enter the blood stream. Largest granulations lie along the superior sagittal sinus, a large venous space running from front to back along the centre of the head (on the inside of the skull). They are, however, present along other dural sinuses as well. Smaller granulations are called villi, large calcified ones are referred to as pacchionian bodies[Wikipedia:Arachnoid_granulation]." xsd:string {source="Wikipedia:Arachnoid_granulation"} [Term] id: UBERON:0013159 name: epithalamus mantle layer namespace: uberon synonym: "mantle layer epithalamus" EXACT [VHOG:0000913] synonym: "mantle layer of epithalamus" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000449 xref: EHDAA:5435 xref: EMAPA:17533 xref: VHOG:0000913 is_a: UBERON:0002757 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of epithalamus is_a: UBERON:0004022 ! embryonic neuroepithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009580 ! diencephalon mantle layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0001899 {source="EHDAA2"} ! epithalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0013160 name: epithalamus ventricular layer namespace: uberon synonym: "ventricular layer epithalamus" EXACT [VHOG:0000884] synonym: "ventricular layer of epithalamus" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000450 xref: EHDAA:5437 xref: EMAPA:17535 xref: VHOG:0000884 is_a: UBERON:0004022 ! embryonic neuroepithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001899 {source="EHDAA2"} ! epithalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0013161 name: left lateral ventricle namespace: uberon synonym: "left telencephalic ventricle" EXACT [] xref: FMA:78450 xref: SCTID:368593005 intersection_of: UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002812 {source="FMA"} ! left cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0013162 name: right lateral ventricle namespace: uberon synonym: "right telencephalic ventricle" EXACT [] xref: FMA:78449 xref: SCTID:368571000 intersection_of: UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002813 {source="FMA"} ! right cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0013163 name: future cerebellum namespace: uberon synonym: "cerebellum primordium" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000231] xref: EHDAA2:0000231 xref: EMAPA:17074 is_a: UBERON:0002616 {is_inferred="true"} ! regional part of brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0010092 {source="EHDAA2"} ! future metencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0013166 name: vallecula of cerebellum namespace: uberon def: "On the upper surface of the cerebellum the vermis is elevated above the level of the hemispheres, but on the under surface it is sunk almost out of sight in the bottom of a deep depression between them; this depression is called the vallecula of the cerebellum, and lodges the posterior part of the medulla oblongata." [Wikipedia:Vallecula_of_cerebellum] synonym: "vallecula cerebelli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75267] xref: FMA:75267 xref: ncithesaurus:Vallecula is_a: UBERON:0004121 {is_inferred="true"} ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0013199 name: stria of neuraxis namespace: uberon synonym: "neuraxis stria" EXACT [FMA:83854] synonym: "neuraxis striae" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "stria" BROAD [] synonym: "striae" BROAD PLURAL [] xref: FMA:83854 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0013201 name: olfactory pathway namespace: uberon def: "Set of nerve fibers conducting impulses from olfactory receptors to the cerebral cortex. It includes the olfactory nerve; olfactory bulb; olfactory tract, olfactory tubercle, anterior perforated substance, and olfactory cortex. The term rhinencephalon is restricted to structures in the CNS receiving fibers from the olfactory bulb." [MESH:A08.186.211.577.699] synonym: "anterior perforated substance" RELATED [MESH:A08.186.211.577.699] synonym: "rhinencephalon" RELATED [MESH:A08.186.211.577.699] xref: MESH:A08.186.211.577.699 xref: SCTID:281148007 is_a: UBERON:0000122 ! neuron projection bundle is_a: UBERON:0011215 {is_inferred="true"} ! cell part cluster of neuraxis relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001579 ! olfactory nerve relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001883 ! olfactory tubercle relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002264 ! olfactory bulb relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002265 ! olfactory tract relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002894 ! olfactory cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000349 ! limbic system [Term] id: UBERON:0013208 name: Grueneberg ganglion namespace: uberon def: "An olfactory ganglion at the entrance of the nose of mammals that is involved in the detection of alarm pheromones and cold temperatures. The ganglion was first described by Hans GrC