$Revision: 8.10.2012 $ Contact Wasila Dahdul: Wasila.Dahdul@usd.edu. * TAO:$sequence(7,0,9999999)$ 10:08:2012 20:58 1.2 2012-08-10 Contains terms imported from VSAO Revision: 8.03.2012 OBO-Edit 2.1.1-beta7 To the extent possible under law, Wasila M. Dahdul has waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to the Teleost Anatomy Ontology (TAO), under CC0 license (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). This work is published from the United States. It is requested that users of this vocabulary cite the following publication: Dahdul, W.M., Lundberg, J.G., Midford, P.E., Balhoff, J.P., Lapp, H., Vision, T.J., Haendel, M.A., Westerfield, M., and Mabee, P.M. (2010). The Teleost Anatomy Ontology: anatomical representation for the genomics age. Systematic Biology 59, 369-383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syq013 UBERON teleost_anatomy wasila.dahdul shorthand has_obo_format_version term replaced by definition has_synonym_type database_cross_reference antisymmetric property PLURAL has_alternative_id has_obo_namespace namespace-id-rule synonym_type_property has_exact_synonym treat-xrefs-as-equivalent has_related_synonym has_narrow_synonym consider has_broad_synonym part_of BFO:0000050 note that all the uses of part_of in this ontology are for proper part of part_of part_of vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy has part BFO:0000051 has_part has_part vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy participates in BFO BFO:0000056 participates_in participates_in overlaps RO:0002131 overlaps overlaps vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy develops from RO:0002202 develops_from develops_from vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy capable_of RO:0002215 capable_of capable_of vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy develops_in RO:0002226 develops_in develops_in vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy produces RO:0003000 produces produces vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy OBO_REL:has_part (UNDECLARED) OBO_REL:0000003 OBO_REL:has_part teleost_anatomy OBO_REL:has_quality (UNDECLARED) OBO_REL:has_quality teleost_anatomy OBO_REL:part_of (UNDECLARED) For continuants: C part_of C' if and only if: given any c that instantiates C at a time t, there is some c' such that c' instantiates C' at time t, and c *part_of* c' at t. For processes: P part_of P' if and only if: given any p that instantiates P at a time t, there is some p' such that p' instantiates P' at time t, and p *part_of* p' at t. (Here *part_of* is the instance-level part-relation.) OBO_REL:0000002 OBO_REL:part_of Parthood as a relation between instances: The primitive instance-level relation p part_of p1 is illustrated in assertions such as: this instance of rhodopsin mediated phototransduction part_of this instance of visual perception. This relation satisfies at least the following standard axioms of mereology: reflexivity (for all p, p part_of p); anti-symmetry (for all p, p1, if p part_of p1 and p1 part_of p then p and p1 are identical); and transitivity (for all p, p1, p2, if p part_of p1 and p1 part_of p2, then p part_of p2). Analogous axioms hold also for parthood as a relation between spatial regions. For parthood as a relation between continuants, these axioms need to be modified to take account of the incorporation of a temporal argument. Thus for example the axiom of transitivity for continuants will assert that if c part_of c1 at t and c1 part_of c2 at t, then also c part_of c2 at t. Parthood as a relation between classes: To define part_of as a relation between classes we again need to distinguish the two cases of continuants and processes, even though the explicit reference to instants of time now falls away. For continuants, we have C part_of C1 if and only if any instance of C at any time is an instance-level part of some instance of C1 at that time, as for example in: cell nucleus part_ of cell. teleost_anatomy For continuants: C part_of C' if and only if: given any c that instantiates C at a time t, there is some c' such that c' instantiates C' at time t, and c *part_of* c' at t. For processes: P part_of P' if and only if: given any p that instantiates P at a time t, there is some p' such that p' instantiates P' at time t, and p *part_of* p' at t. (Here *part_of* is the instance-level part-relation.) PMID:15892874 transformation_of OBO_REL:0000013 OBO_REL:transformation_of Relation between two classes, in which instances retain their identity yet change their classification by virtue of some kind of transformation. Formally: C transformation_of C' if and only if given any c and any t, if c instantiates C at time t, then for some t', c instantiates C' at t' and t' earlier t, and there is no t2 such that c instantiates C at t2 and c instantiates C' at t2. When an embryonic oenocyte (a type of insect cell) is transformed into a larval oenocyte, one and the same continuant entity preserves its identity while instantiating distinct classes at distinct times. The class-level relation transformation_of obtains between continuant classes C and C1 wherever each instance of the class C is such as to have existed at some earlier time as an instance of the distinct class C1 (see Figure 2 in paper). This relation is illustrated first of all at the molecular level of granularity by the relation between mature RNA and the pre-RNA from which it is processed, or between (UV-induced) thymine-dimer and thymine dinucleotide. At coarser levels of granularity it is illustrated by the transformations involved in the creation of red blood cells, for example, from reticulocyte to erythrocyte, and by processes of development, for example, from larva to pupa, or from (post-gastrular) embryo to fetus or from child to adult. It is also manifest in pathological transformations, for example, of normal colon into carcinomatous colon. In each such case, one and the same continuant entity instantiates distinct classes at different times in virtue of phenotypic changes. vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy PMID:15892874 Relation between two classes, in which instances retain their identity yet change their classification by virtue of some kind of transformation. Formally: C transformation_of C' if and only if given any c and any t, if c instantiates C at time t, then for some t', c instantiates C' at t' and t' earlier t, and there is no t2 such that c instantiates C at t2 and c instantiates C' at t2. adjacent_to adjacent_to vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy capable_of_producing capable_of_producing vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy has_integral_part OBO_REL:0000005 has_integral_part true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy has_location has_location vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy has_quality caro has_quality homologous_to Instance 3-ary relation; continuant x in taxon A is homologous to continuant y in taxon B when both are genealogical descended from [the same entity] in their most common ancestor taxon C. homologous_to teleost_anatomy Instance 3-ary relation; continuant x in taxon A is homologous to continuant y in taxon B when both are genealogical descended from [the same entity] in their most common ancestor taxon C. TAO:Curator integral_part_of C integral_part_of C' if and only if: C part_of C' AND C' has_part C OBO_REL:0000004 integral_part_of true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy C integral_part_of C' if and only if: C part_of C' AND C' has_part C PMID:15892874 anatomical entity Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species. CARO:0000000 caro Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species. CARO:MAH FMA:62955 anatomical structure CARO:0000003 Material anatomical entity that has inherent 3D shape and is generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome. caro CARO:MAH FMA:67135 Material anatomical entity that has inherent 3D shape and is generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome. portion of organism substance CARO:0000004 Material anatomical entity in a gaseous, liquid, semisolid or solid state; produced by anatomical structures or derived from inhaled and ingested substances that have been modified by anatomical structures as they pass through the body. caro CARO:MAH FMA:9669 Material anatomical entity in a gaseous, liquid, semisolid or solid state; produced by anatomical structures or derived from inhaled and ingested substances that have been modified by anatomical structures as they pass through the body. anatomical space CARO:0000005 Non-material anatomical entity of three dimensions, that is generated by morphogenetic or other physiologic processes; is surrounded by one or more anatomical structures; contains one or more organism substances or anatomical structures. caro CARO:MAH FMA:5897 Non-material anatomical entity of three dimensions, that is generated by morphogenetic or other physiologic processes; is surrounded by one or more anatomical structures; contains one or more organism substances or anatomical structures. material anatomical entity Anatomical entity that has mass. CARO:0000006 caro Anatomical entity that has mass. CARO:MAH FMA:67165 immaterial anatomical entity Anatomical entity that has no mass. CARO:0000007 caro Anatomical entity that has no mass. CARO:MAH FMA:67112 anatomical line CARO:0000008 Non-material anatomical entity of one dimension, whiVSAO forms a boundary of an anatomical surface or is a modulation of an anatomical surface. caro CARO:MAH FMA:9657 Non-material anatomical entity of one dimension, whiVSAO forms a boundary of an anatomical surface or is a modulation of an anatomical surface. anatomical point CARO:0000009 Non-material anatomical entity of zero dimension, which forms a boundary of an anatomical line or surface. caro CARO:MAH FMA:9658 Non-material anatomical entity of zero dimension, which forms a boundary of an anatomical line or surface. anatomical surface CARO:0000010 Non-material anatomical entity of two dimensions, that is demarcated by anatomical lines or points on the external or internal surfaces of anatomical structures. caro CARO:MAH FMA:24137 Non-material anatomical entity of two dimensions, that is demarcated by anatomical lines or points on the external or internal surfaces of anatomical structures. anatomical system Anatomical group that is has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity. CARO:0000011 caro Anatomical group that is has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity. CARO:MAH FMA:7149 multi-cellular organism Anatomical structure that is an individual member of a species and consists of more than one cell. CARO:0000012 caro Anatomical structure that is an individual member of a species and consists of more than one cell. CARO:MAH FMA:256135 cell Anatomical structure that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane. CARO:0000013 GO:0005623 caro Anatomical structure that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane. CARO:MAH cell component Anatomical structure that is a direct part of the cell. CARO:0000014 caro Anatomical structure that is a direct part of the cell. CARO:MAH FMA:86454 compound organ component CARO:0000019 Multi-tissue structure that is part of a compound organ. caro CARO:MAH Multi-tissue structure that is part of a compound organ. simple organ CARO:0000021 Multi-tissue structure that is not part of a compound organ. caro CARO:MAH Multi-tissue structure that is not part of a compound organ. compound organ Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more multi-tissue structures of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona fide boundaries from other distinct anatomical structures of different types. CARO:0000024 caro Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more multi-tissue structures of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona fide boundaries from other distinct anatomical structures of different types. CARO:MAH male organism CARO:0000027 Gonochoristic organism that can produce male gametes. caro CARO:MAH Gonochoristic organism that can produce male gametes. female organism CARO:0000028 Gonochoristic organism that can produce female gametes. caro CARO:MAH Gonochoristic organism that can produce female gametes. hermaphroditic organism CARO:0000029 Multi-cellular organism that can produce both male and female gametes. caro dioecious organism CARO:MAH Multi-cellular organism that can produce both male and female gametes. asexual organism CARO:0000030 Multi-cellular organism that does not produce gametes. caro CARO:MAH Multi-cellular organism that does not produce gametes. organism subdivision Anatomical structure which is a primary subdivision of whole organism. The mereological sum of these is the whole organism. CARO:0000032 caro Anatomical structure which is a primary subdivision of whole organism. The mereological sum of these is the whole organism. CARO:MAH acellular anatomical structure Anatomical structure that consists of cell parts and cell substances and together does not constitute a cell or a tissue. CARO:0000040 caro Anatomical structure that consists of cell parts and cell substances and together does not constitute a cell or a tissue. CARO:MAH FMA:63863 anatomical cluster Anatomical group that has its parts adjacent to one another. CARO:0000041 caro Anatomical group that has its parts adjacent to one another. CARO:MAH FMA:49443 extraembryonic structure Anatomical structure that is contiguous with the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells that will not contribute to the embryo. CARO:0000042 caro Anatomical structure that is contiguous with the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells that will not contribute to the embryo. CARO:MAH tissue Anatomical structure, that consists of similar cells and intercellular matrix, aggregated according to genetically determined spatial relationships. CARO:0000043 caro portion of tissue Anatomical structure, that consists of similar cells and intercellular matrix, aggregated according to genetically determined spatial relationships. CARO:MAH FMA:9637 sequential hermaphroditic organism CARO:0000045 Hermaphroditic organism that produces gametes first of one sex, and then later of the other sex. caro consecutive hermaphroditic organism CARO:MAH Hermaphroditic organism that produces gametes first of one sex, and then later of the other sex. synchronous hermaphroditic organism CARO:0000046 Hermaphroditic organism that produces both male and female gametes at the same time. caro serially hermaphroditic organism CARO:MAH Hermaphroditic organism that produces both male and female gametes at the same time. gonochoristic organism CARO:0000048 Multi-cellular organism that has male and female sexes. caro monoecious organism CARO:MAH Multi-cellular organism that has male and female sexes. protandrous hermaphroditic organism CARO:0000049 Sequential hermaphroditic organism that produces gametes first of the male sex, and then later of the female sex. caro CARO:MAH Sequential hermaphroditic organism that produces gametes first of the male sex, and then later of the female sex. protogynous hermaphroditic organism CARO:0000050 Sequential hermaphroditic organism that produces gametes first of the female sex, and then later of the male sex. caro CARO:MAH Sequential hermaphroditic organism that produces gametes first of the female sex, and then later of the male sex. anatomical group Anatomical structure consisting of at least two non-overlapping organs, multi-tissue aggregates or portion of tissues or cells of different types that does not constitute an organism, organ, multi-tissue aggregate, or portion of tissue. CARO:0000054 caro Anatomical structure consisting of at least two non-overlapping organs, multi-tissue aggregates or portion of tissues or cells of different types that does not constitute an organism, organ, multi-tissue aggregate, or portion of tissue. CARO:MAH multi-tissue structure Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more portions of tissue of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona-fide boundaries from other distinct structural units of different types. CARO:0000055 caro Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more portions of tissue of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona-fide boundaries from other distinct structural units of different types. CARO:MAH cell space Anatomical space that is part of a cell. CARO:0000062 caro Anatomical space that is part of a cell. CARO:mah portion of cell substance CARO:0000063 Portion of organism substance located within a cell. caro CARO:mah Portion of organism substance located within a cell. single cell organism CARO:0000064 Cell that is an individual member of a species. caro CARO:MAH Cell that is an individual member of a species. basal lamina Acellular anatomical structure that consists of a thin sheet of fibrous proteins that underlie and support the cells of an epithelium. It separates the cells of an epithelium from any underlying tissue. CARO:0000065 caro Acellular anatomical structure that consists of a thin sheet of fibrous proteins that underlie and support the cells of an epithelium. It separates the cells of an epithelium from any underlying tissue. CARO:MAH epithelium CARO:0000066 Portion of tissue, that consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells connected to each other by cell junctions and which is underlain by a basal lamina. caro CARO:MAH FMA:9639 Portion of tissue, that consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells connected to each other by cell junctions and which is underlain by a basal lamina. simple cuboidal epithelium CARO:0000067 Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of cuboidal cells. caro CARO:MAH FMA:45566 Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of cuboidal cells. simple columnar epithelium CARO:0000068 Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of columnar cells. caro CARO:MAH FMA:45567 Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of columnar cells. multilaminar epithelium CARO:0000069 Epithelium that consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells. caro CARO:MAH Epithelium that consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells. FMA:45562 simple squamous epithelium CARO:0000070 Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of squamous cells. caro CARO:MAH FMA:45565 Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of squamous cells. atypical epithelium CARO:0000071 Epithelium that consists of epithelial cells not arranged in one ore more layers. caro CARO:MAH Epithelium that consists of epithelial cells not arranged in one ore more layers. cavitated compound organ CARO:0000072 Compound organ that contains one or more macroscopic anatomical spaces. caro CARO:MAH Compound organ that contains one or more macroscopic anatomical spaces. unilaminar epithelium CARO:0000073 Epithelium that consists of a single layer of epithelial cells. caro CARO:MAH Epithelium that consists of a single layer of epithelial cells. FMA:45561 solid compound organ CARO:0000074 Compound organ that does not contain macroscopic anatomical spaces. caro CARO:MAH Compound organ that does not contain macroscopic anatomical spaces. epithelial cell CARO:0000077 Cell which has as its part a cytoskeleton that allows for tight cell to cell contact and which has apical-basal cell polarity. caro CARO:MAH Cell which has as its part a cytoskeleton that allows for tight cell to cell contact and which has apical-basal cell polarity. multi-cell-component structure A structure consisting of multiple cell components but which is not itself a cell and does not have (complete) cells as a part. CARO:0001000 caro A structure consisting of multiple cell components but which is not itself a cell and does not have (complete) cells as a part. FBC:DOS neuron projection bundle A fasciculated bundle of neuron projections (GO:0043005), largely or completely lacking synapses. CARO:0001001 caro nerve fiber bundle A fasciculated bundle of neuron projections (GO:0043005), largely or completely lacking synapses. FBC:DOS FBC:DOS nerve fiber bundle neuron projection bundle segment 2011-09-10T04:22:25Z A fiber-shaped subdivision of a neuron projection along its long axis. CARO:0001500 caro djs93 A fiber-shaped subdivision of a neuron projection along its long axis. CAROC:DOS neuron projection bundle subsegment 2011-09-10T04:24:17Z A subdivision of a neuron projection along its long axis that is sufficiently short that it is not fiber-shaped. CARO:0001501 caro djs93 A subdivision of a neuron projection along its long axis that is sufficiently short that it is not fiber-shaped. CAROC:DOS native cell A cell that is found in a natural setting, which includes multicellular organism cells 'in vivo' (i.e. part of an organism), and unicellular organisms 'in environment' (i.e. part of a natural environment). CARO:0000013 CL:0000003 To accommodate unicellular organisms better, 'cell in vivo' has been re-labeled 'native cell' to better represent its intended meaning - that is, that it is a cell in the context of a multicellular organism or in a natural environment. 'Native' is intended to contrast with 'in vitro', which refers to cells or other biological entities that have been intentionally placed in a controlled, non-natural setting for the purpose of study or manipulation. (MAH 1.12.12). cell cell in vivo A cell that is found in a natural setting, which includes multicellular organism cells 'in vivo' (i.e. part of an organism), and unicellular organisms 'in environment' (i.e. part of a natural environment). CARO:mah migratory cranial neural crest cell CL:0000008 cell non-terminally differentiated cell A precursor cell with a limited number of potential fates. BTO:0000125 CL:0000055 FMA:84782 blast cell cell define using PATO mulit-potent or oligopotent? A precursor cell with a limited number of potential fates. SANBI:mhl chondroblast BTO:0003607 CL:0000058 FMA:66783 Skeletogenic cell that is typically non-terminally differentiated, secretes an avascular, GAG rich matrix; is not buried in cartilage tissue matrix, retains the ability to divide, located adjacent to cartilage tissue (including within the perichondrium), and develops from prechondroblast (and thus prechondrogenic) cell. cell chrondoplast GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000034 ISBN:0618947256 Skeletogenic cell that is typically non-terminally differentiated, secretes an avascular, GAG rich matrix; is not buried in cartilage tissue matrix, retains the ability to divide, located adjacent to cartilage tissue (including within the perichondrium), and develops from prechondroblast (and thus prechondrogenic) cell. ameloblast BTO:0001663 CL:0000053 CL:0000059 CL:0000139 FMA:70576 Legacy definition: A cylindrical epithelial cell in the innermost layer of the enamel organ. Their functions include contribution to the development of the dentinoenamel junction by the deposition of a layer of the matrix, thus producing the foundation for the prisms (the structural units of the dental enamel), and production of the matrix for the enamel prisms and interprismatic substance. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992). Skeletogenic cell that produces enamel, overlies the odontogenic papilla, and arises from the differentiation of a preameloblast cell. amelocyte cell enamel secreting cell GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000034 MESH:A.11.436.107 Skeletogenic cell that produces enamel, overlies the odontogenic papilla, and arises from the differentiation of a preameloblast cell. odontoblast BTO:0001769 CL:0000060 FMA:62999 Skeletogenic cell that secretes dentine matrix, is derived from the odontogenic papilla, and develops from a preodontoblast cell. cell legacy def: One of the cells forming the outer surface of dental pulp that produces tooth dentin. GO_REF:0000034 ISBN:0618947256 Skeletogenic cell that secretes dentine matrix, is derived from the odontogenic papilla, and develops from a preodontoblast cell. cementoblast CL:0000061 CL:0000859 FMA:63002 Legacy def: A cell of ectomesenchymal origin that aids in the formation the cementum layer on the roots of teeth. Skeletogenic cell that produces cementum (a bony substance that covers the root of a tooth), is part of the odontogenic papilla, and develops from a precementoblast cell. cell cementum secreting cell GO_REF:0000034 ISBN:0781733901 Skeletogenic cell that produces cementum (a bony substance that covers the root of a tooth), is part of the odontogenic papilla, and develops from a precementoblast cell. osteoblast BTO:0001593 CL:0000062 FMA:66780 Skeletogenic cell that secretes osteoid, is capable of producing mineralized (hydroxyapatite) matrix, is located adjacent to or within osteoid tissue, and arises from the transformation of a preosteoblast cell. cell non-encoded relationships from VSAO - capable_of_producing mineralized extracellular matrix. part_of osteoid GO_REF:0000034 MESH:A.11.329.629 Skeletogenic cell that secretes osteoid, is capable of producing mineralized (hydroxyapatite) matrix, is located adjacent to or within osteoid tissue, and arises from the transformation of a preosteoblast cell. mesenchymal cell A connective tissue cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses. This cell type is CD73-positive, CD90-positive, CD105-positive, CD45-negative, CD34-negative, and MHCII-negative. They may further differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, myocytes, neurons, or chondroblasts in vitro. Originally described as residing in the bone marrow, this cell type is now known to reside in many, if not all, adult organs. BMSC BTO:0002625 BTO:0003298 CFU-F CL:0000134 CL:0002452 FMA:70546 MSC Many but not all mesenchymal cells derive from the mesoderm. MSCs are reportedly CD3-negative, CD4-negative, CD5-negative, CD8-negative, CD11a-negative, CD11b-negative, CD14-negative, CD19-negative, CD29-positive, CD31-negative, CD34-negative, CD38-negative, CD40-negative, CD44-positive, CD45-negative, CD49-positive, CD54-positive, CD66b-negative, CD79a-negative, CD80-negative, CD102-positive, CD106-positive, CD117-positive, CD121a-positive, CD121b-positive, CD123-positive, CD124-positive, CD133-negative, CD146-positive, CD166-positive, CD271-positive, B220-negative, Gr1-negative, MHCI-positive, MHCII-negative, SSEA4-negative, sca1-positive, Ter119-negative, and glycophorin A-negative. Cultured MSCs are capable of producing stem cell factor, IL7, IL8, IL11, TGF-beta, cofilin, galectin-1, laminin-receptor 1, cyclophilin A, and MMP-2. bone marrow stromal cells cell colony-forming unit-fibroblast marrow stromal cells mesenchymal precursor cell mesenchymal progenitor cells mesenchymal stem cell mesenchymal stromal cell mesenchymal stromal cells stem cells, mesenchymal MESH:D044982 mesenchymal progenitor cells MESH:D044982 stem cells, mesenchymal PMID:11378515 marrow stromal cells A connective tissue cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses. This cell type is CD73-positive, CD90-positive, CD105-positive, CD45-negative, CD34-negative, and MHCII-negative. They may further differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, myocytes, neurons, or chondroblasts in vitro. Originally described as residing in the bone marrow, this cell type is now known to reside in many, if not all, adult organs. FB:ma GOC:dsd PMCID:PMC2613570 PMID:10102814j PMID:16923606 PMID:17986482 PMID:19960544 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesenchymal_stem_cell http://www.copewithcytokines.de/cope.cgi?key=mesenchymal%20stem%20cells MSC PMID:11378515 osteocyte A mature osteoblast that has become embedded in the bone matrix. They occupy a small cavity, called lacuna, in the matrix and are connected to adjacent osteocytes via protoplasmic projections called canaliculi. BTO:0002038 CL:0000137 FMA:66779 bone cell cell need to add non-terminally differentiated osteoblast to CL and use that for the develops from. A mature osteoblast that has become embedded in the bone matrix. They occupy a small cavity, called lacuna, in the matrix and are connected to adjacent osteocytes via protoplasmic projections called canaliculi. GOC:tfm MESH:A.11.329.629.500 chondrocyte BTO:0000249 CL:0000138 FMA:66782 Skeletogenic cell that is terminally differentiated, secretes an avascular, GAG-rich matrix, is embedded in cartilage tissue matrix, retains the ability to divide, and develops from a chondroblast cell. cartilage cell cell GO_REF:0000034 MESH:A.11.329.171 Skeletogenic cell that is terminally differentiated, secretes an avascular, GAG-rich matrix, is embedded in cartilage tissue matrix, retains the ability to divide, and develops from a chondroblast cell. odontocyte CL:0000140 Skeletogenic cell that secretes dentine matrix, is derived from odontogenic papilla. Embedded in dentine tissue, and is the transformation of a non-terminally differentiated odontoblast cell. cell develops_from differs from CL as need to add the non-terminally differentiated odontoblast class to CL GO_REF:0000034 Skeletogenic cell that secretes dentine matrix, is derived from odontogenic papilla. Embedded in dentine tissue, and is the transformation of a non-terminally differentiated odontoblast cell. cementocyte An osteocytelike cell with numerous processes, trapped in a lacuna in the cement of the tooth. CHECK: wikipedia says that cementocytes no longer produce cementum, but the phenoscape def is: Skeletogenic cell that produces cementum, is part of the odontogenic papilla, and is a transformation of a cementoblast cell (no change to existing def). CL:0000141 FMA:63003 cell An osteocytelike cell with numerous processes, trapped in a lacuna in the cement of the tooth. ISBN:0781733901 secretory cell A cell that specializes in controlled release of one or more substances. BTO:0003659 CL:0000151 FMA:86916 cell A cell that specializes in controlled release of one or more substances. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 mesodermal cell A cell of the middle germ layer of the embryo. CL:0000222 FMA:72554 cell mesoblast mesoderm cell A cell of the middle germ layer of the embryo. MESH:A.16.254.425.660 migratory neural crest cell A cell derived from the specialized ectoderm flanking each side of the embryonic neural plate, which after the closure of the neural tube, forms masses of cells that migrate out from the dorsal aspect of the neural tube to spread throughout the body. CL:0000333 FMA:86667 cell A cell derived from the specialized ectoderm flanking each side of the embryonic neural plate, which after the closure of the neural tube, forms masses of cells that migrate out from the dorsal aspect of the neural tube to spread throughout the body. MESH:A.16.254.600 periarticular chondrocyte A round chondrocyte that first differentiates in the late embryonic growth plate of bone. CL:0000742 cell A round chondrocyte that first differentiates in the late embryonic growth plate of bone. PMID:15951842 hypertrophic chondrocyte CL:0000743 Chondrocyte that is terminally differentiated, produces type X collagen, is large in size, and often associated with the replacement of cartilage by bone (endochondral ossification). cell is hypertrophic pathological or normal? and can it be described using a pato term? Chondrocyte that is terminally differentiated, produces type X collagen, is large in size, and often associated with the replacement of cartilage by bone (endochondral ossification). GO_REF:0000034 PMID:15951842 bone cell 2011-11-16T04:28:16Z A connective tissue cell found in bone. CL:0001035 adiehl cell A connective tissue cell found in bone. GOC:add GO_REF:0000034 terminally differentiated osteoblast CL:0001039 Osteoblast that is terminally differentiated, located adjacent to acellular or cellular bone tissue within periosteum, and is capable of mineralizing the matrix. VSAO:0000116 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Osteoblast that is terminally differentiated, located adjacent to acellular or cellular bone tissue within periosteum, and is capable of mineralizing the matrix. VSAO:curator non-terminally differentiated osteoblast CL:0001040 Osteoblast that is non-terminally differentiated and located in cellular bone tissue or under the periosteum in acellular bone. VSAO relationship simplified OBO_REL:integral_part_of cellular bone tissue VSAO:0000117 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Osteoblast that is non-terminally differentiated and located in cellular bone tissue or under the periosteum in acellular bone. VSAO:curator connective tissue cell 2010-09-15T03:01:54Z A cell of the supporting or framework tissue of the body, arising chiefly from the embryonic mesoderm and including adipose tissue, cartilage, and bone. CL:0002320 CL:1000406 FMA:63875 cell tmeehan A cell of the supporting or framework tissue of the body, arising chiefly from the embryonic mesoderm and including adipose tissue, cartilage, and bone. GOC:tfm ISBN:0618947256 embryonic cell 2010-09-15T03:39:21Z A cell of the embryo. CL:0002321 FMA:82840 FMA:82841 WBbt:0007028 cell tmeehan A cell of the embryo. FMA:0618947256 preameloblast 2012-06-15T01:27:01Z CL:0007000 Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to develop into an ameloblast. Located in the inner enamel epithelium, these cells elongate, their nuclei shift distally (away from the dental papilla), and their cytoplasm becomes filled with organelles needed for synthesis and secretion of enamel proteins. cell haendel GO_REF:0000034 PMCID:PMC2737325 Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to develop into an ameloblast. Located in the inner enamel epithelium, these cells elongate, their nuclei shift distally (away from the dental papilla), and their cytoplasm becomes filled with organelles needed for synthesis and secretion of enamel proteins. skeletogenic cell 2012-06-15T02:51:27Z CL:0007001 Cell that has the potential to form a skeletal cell type (e.g. cells in periosteum, cells in marrow) and produce extracellular matrix (often mineralized) and skeletal tissue (often mineralized). Needs logical definition. Should be capable_of skeletal system morphogenesis? or skeletal tissue development? needs to be added to GO. NOTES:a cell type of the early embryo (see also: mesenchymal cells) that will give rise to mineralized connective tissue. Scleroblasts can differentiate into osteoblasts (bone-forming cells), chondroblasts (cartilage-forming cells), odontoblasts (dentin-forming cells), ameloblasts (enamel-forming cells). The mesenchymal cells developing into osteoblasts and chondroblasts are derived from the mesoderm. Those developing into odontoblasts are neural crest cells. Those developing into ameloblasts are derived from the ectoderm. http://www.copewithcytokines.de/cope.cgi?key=scleroblasts cell haendel scleroblast Cell that has the potential to form a skeletal cell type (e.g. cells in periosteum, cells in marrow) and produce extracellular matrix (often mineralized) and skeletal tissue (often mineralized). GO_REF:0000034 GO_REF:0000034 scleroblast precementoblast 2012-06-15T04:37:13Z CL:0007002 Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to develop into a cementoblast. cell haendel GO_REF:0000034 Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to develop into a cementoblast. preodontoblast 2012-06-15T05:15:11Z CL:0007003 Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to form an odontoblast, deposits predentine, and arises from a cranial neural crest cell. cell haendel GO_REF:0000034 Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to form an odontoblast, deposits predentine, and arises from a cranial neural crest cell. premigratory neural crest cell 2012-06-27T08:27:35Z CL:0007004 Cell that is part of the neural crest region of the neuroepithelium, prior to migration. Note that not all premigratory neural crest cells may become migratory neural crest cells. cell haendel Cell that is part of the neural crest region of the neuroepithelium, prior to migration. Note that not all premigratory neural crest cells may become migratory neural crest cells. UBERONREF:0000002 notochordal cell 2012-06-27T08:47:31Z CL:0007005 Cell that is part of the notochord. NOTE: TO DO, notochord development still needs work. cell haendel Cell that is part of the notochord. GO_REF:0000034 chordamesodermal cell 2012-06-27T08:52:41Z CL:0007006 Mesodermal cell that is axially located and gives rise to the cells of the notochord. cell haendel GO_REF:0000034 Mesodermal cell that is axially located and gives rise to the cells of the notochord. notochordal sheath cell 2012-06-27T09:26:37Z CL:0007007 Notochordal cell that is part of the outer epithelium of the notochord and surrounds the vacuolated notochord cells. cell haendel CL:MAH Notochordal cell that is part of the outer epithelium of the notochord and surrounds the vacuolated notochord cells. notochordal vacuole cell 2012-06-27T09:29:30Z CL:0007008 Notochordal cell that is inner portion of the notochord and becomes vacuolated as development proceeds. cell chordablast chordoblast haendel CL:MAH Notochordal cell that is inner portion of the notochord and becomes vacuolated as development proceeds. PMID:14574572 chordoblast GO_REF:0000034 chordablast prechondroblast 2012-06-27T10:44:01Z CL:0007009 Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to develop into a chondroblast; and arises from neural crest, meseosdermal and notochordal and connective tissue cells. cell haendel GO_REF:0000034 Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to develop into a chondroblast; and arises from neural crest, meseosdermal and notochordal and connective tissue cells. preosteoblast 2012-06-27T10:57:21Z CL:0007010 Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to transform into an osteoblast, and develops from neural crest or mesodermal cells. cell haendel osteoprogenitor cell GO_REF:0000034 Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to transform into an osteoblast, and develops from neural crest or mesodermal cells. non-terminally differentiated odontoblast CL:0007012 Odontoblast that non-terminally differentiated, located in the odontogenic papilla and dentine tissue, and transforms from a odontoblast cell. vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy GO_REF:0000034 Odontoblast that non-terminally differentiated, located in the odontogenic papilla and dentine tissue, and transforms from a odontoblast cell. PSPUB:0000170 terminally differentiated odontoblast CL:0007013 Odontoblast that is terminally differentiated and derived from an odontogenic papilla and associated with dentine. vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy GO_REF:0000034 Odontoblast that is terminally differentiated and derived from an odontogenic papilla and associated with dentine. ossification GO:0001503 Note that this term does not have a 'developmental process' parent because ossification isn't necessarily developmental, can also occur as part of bone remodeling. Instead use 'ossification involved in bone maturation ; GO:0043931'. The formation of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance. Wikipedia:Ossification biological_process bone biosynthesis bone formation osteogenesis GOC:mtg_mpo PMID:17572649 The formation of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance. osteoblast differentiation GO:0001649 The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an osteoblast, a mesodermal or neural crest cell that gives rise to bone. biological_process osteoblast cell differentiation CL:0000062 GOC:jid GO_REF:0000034 The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an osteoblast, a mesodermal or neural crest cell that gives rise to bone. intramembranous ossification An instance of intramembranous ossification may also be classified as metaplastic; the former classifies based on tissue type location, and the latter based on mechanism/cell division. Direct ossification that occurs within mesenchyme or an accumulation of relatively unspecialized cells. GO:0001957 Wikipedia:Intramembranous_ossification biological_process dermal ossification Direct ossification that occurs within mesenchyme or an accumulation of relatively unspecialized cells. ISBN:0878932437 GO_REF:0000034 dermal ossification endochondral ossification GO:0001958 Replacement ossification wherein bone tissue replaces cartilage. Wikipedia:Endochondral_ossification biological_process GO_REF:0000034 ISBN:0878932437 Replacement ossification wherein bone tissue replaces cartilage. biological_process Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end. GO:0000004 GO:0007582 GO:0008150 Note that, in addition to forming the root of the biological process ontology, this term is recommended for use for the annotation of gene products whose biological process is unknown. Note that when this term is used for annotation, it indicates that no information was available about the biological process of the gene product annotated as of the date the annotation was made; the evidence code ND, no data, is used to indicate this. Wikipedia:Biological_process biological process biological process unknown biological_process physiological process Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end. GOC:go_curators GOC:isa_complete bone mineralization GO:0030282 The deposition of calcium phosphate in bone tissue. biological_process bone calcification GOC:mah The deposition of calcium phosphate in bone tissue. biomineral tissue development Formation of hard tissues that consist mainly of inorganic compounds, and also contain a small amounts of organic matrices that are believed to play important roles in their formation. GO:0031214 Wikipedia:Biomineralisation biological_process biomineral formation biomineralization mineralization Formation of hard tissues that consist mainly of inorganic compounds, and also contain a small amounts of organic matrices that are believed to play important roles in their formation. PMID:15132736 GOC:dph GOC:tb biomineral formation secretion by cell GO:0032940 The controlled release of a substance by a cell. Wikipedia:Secretion biological_process cellular secretion GOC:mah The controlled release of a substance by a cell. bone mineralization involved in bone maturation Bone mineralization can also occur after a fracture and as a response to stress; in these cases, consider using the term 'bone mineralization ; GO:0030282'. GO:0035630 The deposition of calcium phosphate in bone tissue, involved in the progression of the skeleton from its formation to its mature state. biological_process GOC:BHF GOC:bf The deposition of calcium phosphate in bone tissue, involved in the progression of the skeleton from its formation to its mature state. direct ossification GO:0036072 The formation of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance, that does not require the replacement of preexisting tissues. biological_process GO_REF:0000034 The formation of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance, that does not require the replacement of preexisting tissues. perichondral ossification GO:0036073 Intramembranous ossification from the surface of a cartilage element as the perichondrium becomes a periosteum, without replacement of cartilage. biological_process GO_REF:0000034 Intramembranous ossification from the surface of a cartilage element as the perichondrium becomes a periosteum, without replacement of cartilage. metaplastic ossification Direct ossification in which bone formation occurs as result of the direct transformation of non-bone cells into bone cells without cell division. GO:0036074 Some intramembranous ossification may also be classified as metaplastic; the former classifies based on tissue type location, and the latter based on mechanism/cell division. biological_process metaplasia GO_REF:0000034 metaplasia Direct ossification in which bone formation occurs as result of the direct transformation of non-bone cells into bone cells without cell division. GO_REF:0000034 replacement ossification GO:0036075 Ossification that requires the replacement of a preexisting tissue prior to bone tissue formation. biological_process indirect ossification GO_REF:0000034 Ossification that requires the replacement of a preexisting tissue prior to bone tissue formation. GO_REF:0000034 indirect ossification ligamentous ossification GO:0036076 Ligamentous ossification may occur via replacement ossification or metaplastic ossification or both in any one instance. Ossification wherein bone tissue forms within ligamentous tissue. biological_process GO_REF:0000034 Ossification wherein bone tissue forms within ligamentous tissue. intratendonous ossification GO:0036077 Ossification wherein bone tissue forms within tendonous tissue. Tendonous ossification may occur via replacement ossification or metaplastic ossification or both in any one instance. biological_process GO_REF:0000034 Ossification wherein bone tissue forms within tendonous tissue. ossification involved in bone maturation GO:0043931 The formation of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone, involved in the progression of the skeleton from its formation to its mature state. biological_process ossification involved in bone modeling ossification involved in skeletal development GOC:dph ossification involved in skeletal development GO_REF:0000034 ossification involved in bone modeling GOC:dph GOC:mah GOC:mtg_mpo The formation of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone, involved in the progression of the skeleton from its formation to its mature state. bone development GO:0060348 The process whose specific outcome is the progression of bone over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Bone is the hard skeletal connective tissue consisting of both mineral and cellular components. biological_process GOC:dph The process whose specific outcome is the progression of bone over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Bone is the hard skeletal connective tissue consisting of both mineral and cellular components. bone morphogenesis GO:0060349 The process in which bones are generated and organized. biological_process GOC:dph The process in which bones are generated and organized. endochondral bone morphogenesis GO:0060350 The process in which bones are generated and organized as a result of the conversion of initial cartilaginous anlage into bone. biological_process GOC:dph PMID:11680679 The process in which bones are generated and organized as a result of the conversion of initial cartilaginous anlage into bone. bone maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for bone to attain its fully functional state. GO:0070977 biological_process A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for bone to attain its fully functional state. GOC:dph GOC:mah quality A dependent entity that inheres in a bearer by virtue of how the bearer is related to other entities. PATO:0000001 PATO:0000072 quality trait A dependent entity that inheres in a bearer by virtue of how the bearer is related to other entities. PATOC:GVG color A composite chromatic quality composed of hue, saturation and intensity parts. PATO:0000014 PATO:0000020 relative color teleost_anatomy A composite chromatic quality composed of hue, saturation and intensity parts. PATOC:GVG ossified A composition quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer's being hardened by the deposition of calcium into bone. PATO:0001448 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy A composition quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer's being hardened by the deposition of calcium into bone. MAMMALOGY:MAMMALOGY cartilaginous A composition quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer's cartilage quantities. Cartilage is a type of dense connective tissue. It is composed of specialized cells called chondrocytes (CL:0000138) that produce a large amount of extracellular matrix composed of collagen fibers, abundant ground substance rich in proteoglycan, and elastin fibers PATO:0001449 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy A composition quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer's cartilage quantities. Wikipedia:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartilaginous Brachet's cleft TAO:0000000 The visible division between epiblast and hypoblast in the gastrula. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy The visible division between epiblast and hypoblast in the gastrula. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator Kupffer's vesicle Small but distinctive epithelial sac containing fluid, located midventrally posterior to the yolk cell or its extension, and transiently present during most of the segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995. Kupffer's vesicle has been compared to the mouse embryonic node. Drummond et al, 2005. TAO:0000001 teleost_anatomy Small but distinctive epithelial sac containing fluid, located midventrally posterior to the yolk cell or its extension, and transiently present during most of the segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995. Kupffer's vesicle has been compared to the mouse embryonic node. Drummond et al, 2005. ZFIN:curator adaxial cell TAO:0000003 adaxial cells teleost_anatomy adaxial cells anterior axial hypoblast TAO:0000004 pre-polster teleost_anatomy ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-051019-5 pre-polster artery TAO:0000005 arterial system arteries teleost_anatomy arteries ball TAO:0000006 The anterior round region of the yolk cell present after the yolk extension forms during the segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy yolk ball The anterior round region of the yolk cell present after the yolk extension forms during the segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576 yolk ball blood A complex mixture of cells suspended in a liquid matrix that delivers nutrients to cells and removes wastes. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com) TAO:0000007 teleost_anatomy A complex mixture of cells suspended in a liquid matrix that delivers nutrients to cells and removes wastes. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com) ZFIN:curator brain Cavitated compound organ which is comprised of gray and white matter and surrounds the cerebral ventricular system. TAO:0000008 teleost_anatomy Cavitated compound organ which is comprised of gray and white matter and surrounds the cerebral ventricular system. ZFIN:curator cardiac ventricle One of four heart chambers. TAO:0000009 teleost_anatomy ventricle One of four heart chambers. ZFIN:curator cardiovascular system TAO:0000010 teleost_anatomy caudal artery CA Extension of the dorsal aorta in the tail. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000011 teleost_anatomy Extension of the dorsal aorta in the tail. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator central nervous system TAO:0000012 The brain and spinal cord. Kimmel et al, 1995. cns teleost_anatomy The brain and spinal cord. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator cranial ganglia Ganglion which is located in the head. TAO:0000013 presumptive cranial ganglia teleost_anatomy Ganglion which is located in the head. ZFIN:curator dorsal aorta DA Principal unpaired, median artery of the trunk, leading from the paired roots (radices) of the dorsal aorta to the caudal artery. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000014 teleost_anatomy Principal unpaired, median artery of the trunk, leading from the paired roots (radices) of the dorsal aorta to the caudal artery. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator dermopalatine Dermal bone that forms the antero-lateral region of the palate and is located ventral to the autopalatine. The dermopalatine is bilaterally paired and usually bears teeth. In ostariophysans, the dermopalatine is absent. TAO:0000015 teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that forms the antero-lateral region of the palate and is located ventral to the autopalatine. The dermopalatine is bilaterally paired and usually bears teeth. TAO:GA_TG ectoderm TAO:0000016 teleost_anatomy endoderm TAO:0000017 teleost_anatomy epiblast TAO:0000018 The outer of the two layers of the blastoderm that form during gastrulation, corresponding to primitive ectoderm during gastrulation and to the definitive ectoderm after gastrulation. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy The outer of the two layers of the blastoderm that form during gastrulation, corresponding to primitive ectoderm during gastrulation and to the definitive ectoderm after gastrulation. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator epiphysis A circumscribed swelling, includes the pineal primordium that appears late in the segmentation period in the dorsal midline of the diencephalon. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000019 pineal gland teleost_anatomy A circumscribed swelling, includes the pineal primordium that appears late in the segmentation period in the dorsal midline of the diencephalon. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator extraembryonic structure Anatomical structure that is contiguous with the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells that will not contribute to the embryo. CARO:0000042 CARO:0000042 TAO:0000020 teleost_anatomy true Anatomical structure that is contiguous with the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells that will not contribute to the embryo. ZFIN:curator floor plate TAO:0000022 floorplate fp teleost_anatomy forerunner cell group A group of cells that migrate at the leading edge of shield during gastrulation but do not involute. At the end of gastrulation, forerunner cells migrate deep into the embryo and organize to form Kuppfer's vesicle. Cooper and D'Amico, 1996. DFCs TAO:0000023 dorsal forerunner cells forerunner cells teleost_anatomy forerunner cells A group of cells that migrate at the leading edge of shield during gastrulation but do not involute. At the end of gastrulation, forerunner cells migrate deep into the embryo and organize to form Kuppfer's vesicle. Cooper and D'Amico, 1996. ZFIN:curator retinal ganglion cell layer TAO:0000024 teleost_anatomy hatching gland A transversely oriented set of cells located deep to the EVL on the pericardial membrane, especially prominent during pharyngula period because of the brightly refractile cytoplasmic granules (containing hatching enzymes) of the principal cells of the gland. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000026 hgg teleost_anatomy A transversely oriented set of cells located deep to the EVL on the pericardial membrane, especially prominent during pharyngula period because of the brightly refractile cytoplasmic granules (containing hatching enzymes) of the principal cells of the gland. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator paired fin skeleton Skeletal system that consists of the paired fins (pectoral or pelvic fins). TAO:0000027 VSAO:0000169 appendicular skeleton teleost_anatomy true Skeletal system that consists of the paired fins (pectoral or pelvic fins). TAO:wd heart primordium Bilateral groups of cells consisting of three rows: one row of endocardial precursors medially and two rows of myocardical precursors laterally. The two populations fuse at the midline between 21 and 26 somites to form the heart rudiment or cone. Stainier 2001. TAO:0000028 teleost_anatomy Bilateral groups of cells consisting of three rows: one row of endocardial precursors medially and two rows of myocardical precursors laterally. The two populations fuse at the midline between 21 and 26 somites to form the heart rudiment or cone. Stainier 2001. ZFIN:curator hindbrain TAO:0000029 The most posterior of the three principal regions of the brain, forming the rhombencephalon and all or most of the metencephalon. Kimmel et al, 1995. rhombencephalon teleost_anatomy The most posterior of the three principal regions of the brain, forming the rhombencephalon and all or most of the metencephalon. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator macula utricle TAO:0000030 teleost_anatomy hypochord A transient rod-like structure which is endodermally derived and located immediately ventral to the notochord. The hypochord is thought to play a role in positioning the dorsal aorta. Eriksson and Lofberg, 2000. TAO:0000031 teleost_anatomy A transient rod-like structure which is endodermally derived and located immediately ventral to the notochord. The hypochord is thought to play a role in positioning the dorsal aorta. Eriksson and Lofberg, 2000. ZFIN:curator hypothalamus A specialized brain region of the ventral diencephalon arising near the end of the segmentation period; the embryonic hypothalamic region will give rise to the posterior pituitary gland as well as a number of brain nuclei. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000032 teleost_anatomy A specialized brain region of the ventral diencephalon arising near the end of the segmentation period; the embryonic hypothalamic region will give rise to the posterior pituitary gland as well as a number of brain nuclei. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator intermediate cell mass of mesoderm ICM TAO:0000033 intermediate cell mass of Oellacher posterior intermediate cell mass teleost_anatomy lateral line system A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000034 ll teleost_anatomy A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator lens TAO:0000035 teleost_anatomy liver and biliary system TAO:0000036 teleost_anatomy anatomical structure CARO:0000003 CARO:0000003 Material anatomical entity that has inherent 3D shape and is generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome. TAO:0000037 teleost_anatomy true Material anatomical entity that has inherent 3D shape and is generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome. TAO:wd margin TAO:0000038 margins teleost_anatomy margins median axial vein TAO:0000039 teleost_anatomy median fin fold Surface structure that will develop into one of the median fins. Extends from dorsal surface of fish, caudal to the 8th somite, to the ventral surface ending at the caudal side of the vent. TAO:0000040 median fin median fin-fold median fin-folds teleost_anatomy Surface structure that will develop into one of the median fins. Extends from dorsal surface of fish, caudal to the 8th somite, to the ventral surface ending at the caudal side of the vent. ZFIN:curator median fin-folds mesoderm TAO:0000041 teleost_anatomy midbrain hindbrain boundary TAO:0000042 isthmus mhb teleost_anatomy muscle pioneer somite 1 TAO:0000043 muscle pioneers somite 1 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 1 myotome somite 14 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000044 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator neural crest A cell population arising from the dorsolateral aspect of the central nervous system primordium during the segmentation period, and later migrating along stereotyped pathways to give rise to a diverse and well-defined set of cell types including pigment cells, peripheral neurons and glia, and head cartilage. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000045 teleost_anatomy A cell population arising from the dorsolateral aspect of the central nervous system primordium during the segmentation period, and later migrating along stereotyped pathways to give rise to a diverse and well-defined set of cell types including pigment cells, peripheral neurons and glia, and head cartilage. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator retinal neural layer TAO:0000046 neuroretina teleost_anatomy peripheral olfactory organ TAO:0000047 nose teleost_anatomy olfactory placode TAO:0000048 nasal placode teleost_anatomy optic recess TAO:0000049 teleost_anatomy optic vesicle TAO:0000050 teleost_anatomy otic vesicle Epithelial sac present beside the fifth rhombomere; forms the semicircular canals dorsally and the otolith organs ventrally, and houses the acoustico-vestibular sensory epithelia (maculae) of hair cells. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for ear by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000051 otic capsule otocyst ov teleost_anatomy Epithelial sac present beside the fifth rhombomere; forms the semicircular canals dorsally and the otolith organs ventrally, and houses the acoustico-vestibular sensory epithelia (maculae) of hair cells. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for ear by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator dorsal actinotrichium Actinotrichium which is part of the dorsal fin fold. TAO:0000052 dorsal actinotrichia teleost_anatomy dorsal actinotrichia Actinotrichium which is part of the dorsal fin fold. TAO:wd presumptive segmental plate TAO:0000053 teleost_anatomy pericardial sac TAO:0000054 pericardium teleost_anatomy pharynx Swollen region of the anterior foregut, posterior to the mouth and anterior to the liver; its walls form the jaws and gills. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000056 teleost_anatomy Swollen region of the anterior foregut, posterior to the mouth and anterior to the liver; its walls form the jaws and gills. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator polster TAO:0000058 The hatching gland rudiment at the time it underlies the forebrain during the early segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995. pillow teleost_anatomy The hatching gland rudiment at the time it underlies the forebrain during the early segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576 pillow postoptic commissure TAO:0000059 teleost_anatomy prechordal plate Axial hypoblast located anterior to the chorda mesoderm; the polster is its most anterior region. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000060 teleost_anatomy Axial hypoblast located anterior to the chorda mesoderm; the polster is its most anterior region. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator presumptive forebrain TAO:0000062 presumptive prosencephalon teleost_anatomy presumptive neural plate Region of the gastrula which gives rise to the neural plate. TAO:0000061 TAO:0000063 neurectoderm presumptive central nervous system prospective neuroectoderm prospective vegetal ectoderm teleost_anatomy Region of the gastrula which gives rise to the neural plate. ZFIN:curator presumptive pigmented epithelium TAO:0000064 teleost_anatomy proctodeum An inward fold on the surface of the embryonic ectoderm that develops into part of the anal passage. TAO:0000066 anus teleost_anatomy An inward fold on the surface of the embryonic ectoderm that develops into part of the anal passage. ZFIN:curator pronephric mesoderm TAO:0000067 teleost_anatomy proneural cluster TAO:0000068 proneural clusters teleost_anatomy proneural clusters rhombomere 6 Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000069 r6 teleost_anatomy Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sensory axons peripheral TAO:0000070 teleost_anatomy shield Spemann Mangold organizer Spemann's organizer TAO:0000071 organizer teleost_anatomy somite 1 TAO:0000072 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite 5 TAO:0000073 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite 26 TAO:0000074 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator spinal cord TAO:0000075 teleost_anatomy swim bladder Cavitated compound organ that is double-chambered, located in the coelom and used to maintain buoyancy and may function as an acoustic resonator. TAO:0000076 air bladder gas bladder swimbladder teleost_anatomy Cavitated compound organ that is double-chambered, located in the coelom and used to maintain buoyancy and may function as an acoustic resonator. ZFIN:curator tail bud TAO:0000077 tailbud teleost_anatomy ventral actinotrichium Actinotrichium which is part of the ventral fin fold. TAO:0000078 teleost_anatomy ventral actinotrichia ventral actinotrichia Actinotrichium which is part of the ventral fin fold. TAO:wd telencephalon TAO:0000079 The anterior and dorsal forebrain neuromere, includes the olfactory bulb. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy The anterior and dorsal forebrain neuromere, includes the olfactory bulb. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator trigeminal neural crest Cranial neural crest which gives rise to the trigeminal ganglion. TAO:0000080 teleost_anatomy Cranial neural crest which gives rise to the trigeminal ganglion. ZFIN:curator trunk mesenchyme TAO:0000081 teleost_anatomy vein TAO:0000082 teleost_anatomy venous system ventral mesoderm TAO:0000083 teleost_anatomy yolk Nutrient store for embryonic development in the form of semicrystalline phospholipoprotein and contained within yolk granules. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000084 teleost_anatomy Nutrient store for embryonic development in the form of semicrystalline phospholipoprotein and contained within yolk granules. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator apical ectodermal ridge pectoral fin bud AER pectoral fin Apical ectodermal ridge that is part of the pectoral fin bud. TAO:0000085 TAO:0000736 apical ectodermal ridge pectoral fin apical fold pectoral fin teleost_anatomy Apical ectodermal ridge that is part of the pectoral fin bud. ZFIN:curator EVL Outermost monolayer of cells surrounding the embryo that become very flattened in the blastula and give rise to the periderm. Sometimes used synonymously with periderm. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000086 enveloping layer periderm teleost_anatomy ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576 enveloping layer Outermost monolayer of cells surrounding the embryo that become very flattened in the blastula and give rise to the periderm. Sometimes used synonymously with periderm. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator YSL Peripheral layer of the yolk cell including nuclei and non-yolky cytoplasm. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000088 periblast teleost_anatomy yolk syncytial layer ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576 periblast ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576 yolk syncytial layer Peripheral layer of the yolk cell including nuclei and non-yolky cytoplasm. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator actinotrichium Portion of tissue which is a slender, horny, flexible, unsegmented fibril, which strengthens the embryonic fin fold. Actinotrichia are translucent, exhibit birefringence (double refraction) and are composed of the scleroprotein elastoidine. http://www.briancoad.com/Dictionary/A.htm TAO:0000089 actinotrichia teleost_anatomy Portion of tissue which is a slender, horny, flexible, unsegmented fibril, which strengthens the embryonic fin fold. Actinotrichia are translucent, exhibit birefringence (double refraction) and are composed of the scleroprotein elastoidine. http://www.briancoad.com/Dictionary/A.htm ZFIN:curator actinotrichia apical ectodermal ridge dorsal fin Apical ectodermal ridge that is part of the dorsal fin. TAO:0000090 teleost_anatomy Apical ectodermal ridge that is part of the dorsal fin. ZFIN:curator axial chorda mesoderm TAO:0000091 TAO:0001219 chordamesoderm presumptive notochord teleost_anatomy axis TAO:0000092 midline teleost_anatomy true blastomere A cell arising during cleavage; the term encompasses the partially cleaved, incomplete cells at the blastodisc margin before they collectively form the yolk syncytial layer (YSL) in the midblastula. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000093 blastomeres teleost_anatomy A cell arising during cleavage; the term encompasses the partially cleaved, incomplete cells at the blastodisc margin before they collectively form the yolk syncytial layer (YSL) in the midblastula. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator blastomeres blood island Nests of developing blood cells arising late in the segmentation period from the intermediate mass, and located in the anterior-ventral tail, just posterior to the yolk extension. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000094 blood islands teleost_anatomy Nests of developing blood cells arising late in the segmentation period from the intermediate mass, and located in the anterior-ventral tail, just posterior to the yolk extension. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator blood islands gill arch 1-5 skeleton Skeletal and cartilaginous elements of the gill arches; the last five of the set of seven pharyngeal arches; the numbering system can be confusing; generally branchial arch #1 is the first gill arch, or the third pharyngeal arch, but some authors do not follow this convention. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000095 branchial arches gill arches 1-5 pharyngeal arch 3-7 skeleton teleost_anatomy visceral arches 3-7 Skeletal and cartilaginous elements of the gill arches; the last five of the set of seven pharyngeal arches; the numbering system can be confusing; generally branchial arch #1 is the first gill arch, or the third pharyngeal arch, but some authors do not follow this convention. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator cardinal system TAO:0000096 teleost_anatomy carotid artery Artery originating at the junction of the first two aortic arches and supplying the anterior brain. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000097 internal carotid artery teleost_anatomy ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576 internal carotid artery Artery originating at the junction of the first two aortic arches and supplying the anterior brain. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator proliferative region TAO:0000098 cell cycle cell division proliferation teleost_anatomy brain vasculature TAO:0000099 teleost_anatomy cerebellum Specialized brain region derived from the dorsal metencephalon (anterior hindbrain, and perhaps including posterior midbrain) and becoming distinctive late in the segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000100 teleost_anatomy Specialized brain region derived from the dorsal metencephalon (anterior hindbrain, and perhaps including posterior midbrain) and becoming distinctive late in the segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator diencephalon TAO:0000101 The more posterior and ventral of two forebrain neuromeres, the other being the telencephalon; major derivatives are the eye cups, the brain pretectal region, the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus (including the habenula and epiphysis). Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy The more posterior and ventral of two forebrain neuromeres, the other being the telencephalon; major derivatives are the eye cups, the brain pretectal region, the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus (including the habenula and epiphysis). Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator dorsal fin fold Region of the median fin fold that develops into the dorsal fin. TAO:0000102 dorsal fin-fold teleost_anatomy Region of the median fin fold that develops into the dorsal fin. ZFIN:curator supramaxilla Dermal bone that is located on the dorsal margin of the maxilla, usually at the dorso-posterior region of maxilla. The supramaxilla is a paired bone. TAO:0000103 The supramaxilla may be present as one or two bones. teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that is located on the dorsal margin of the maxilla, usually at the dorso-posterior region of maxilla. The supramaxilla is a paired bone. TAO:ga_tg suprapreopercle Dermal bone that is located dorsal to the preopercle or lies on the antero-dorsal corner of the opercle, and encloses the upper section of the preopercular canal. The suprapreopercle is paired. Synonyms: supraopercle (Roberts 1969) supraopercular bone (Buckup 1998) TAO:0000104 supraopercle supraopercular bone suprapreopercles teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that is located dorsal to the preopercle or lies on the antero-dorsal corner of the opercle, and encloses the upper section of the preopercular canal. The suprapreopercle is paired. TAO:GA_TG suprapreopercles epidermis A cellular, multilayered epithelium derived from the ectoderm. Zebrafish epidermis consists only of living cells unlike terrestrial vertebrates in which dead, keratinized cells are present. Le Guellec et al, 2004. TAO:0000105 teleost_anatomy A cellular, multilayered epithelium derived from the ectoderm. Zebrafish epidermis consists only of living cells unlike terrestrial vertebrates in which dead, keratinized cells are present. Le Guellec et al, 2004. ZFIN:curator extension TAO:0000106 The posterior elongated region of the yolk cell that forms during the segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy yolk extension ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576 yolk extension The posterior elongated region of the yolk cell that forms during the segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator eye A cavitated compound organ that transduces light waves into neural signals. TAO:0000107 eyeball eyes teleost_anatomy eyes A cavitated compound organ that transduces light waves into neural signals. TAO:wd fin Replaced by VSAO:0000099 fin. Surface structure involved in locomotion. TAO:0000108 VSAO:0000099 teleost_anatomy true Surface structure involved in locomotion. TAO:wd forebrain TAO:0000109 The most anterior region the brain including both the telencephalon and diencephalon. Kimmel et al, 1995. prosencephalon teleost_anatomy The most anterior region the brain including both the telencephalon and diencephalon. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator fourth ventricle 4th ventricle Fluid-filled brain cavity. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000110 hindbrain ventricle rhombencephalic ventricle rhombencephalic vesicle teleost_anatomy Fluid-filled brain cavity. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator germ ring TAO:0000111 teleost_anatomy gut TAO:0000112 The alimentary or digestive tract, and associated organs. alimentary canal gut tube teleost_anatomy The alimentary or digestive tract, and associated organs. ZFIN:curator head mesenchyme Mesoderm that will give rise, along with cranial neural crest cells, to connective tissue, bone and musculature in the head. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com) TAO:0000113 teleost_anatomy Mesoderm that will give rise, along with cranial neural crest cells, to connective tissue, bone and musculature in the head. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com) ZFIN:curator heart Blood pumping organ composed of four chambers: sinus venosus, atrium, cardiac ventricle and bulbus arteriosus. TAO:0000114 teleost_anatomy Blood pumping organ composed of four chambers: sinus venosus, atrium, cardiac ventricle and bulbus arteriosus. ZFIN:curator heart rudiment TAO:0000115 The migrating myocardial precursors of the heart rudiment form a cone like structure between 19.5hpf and 22hpf, and eventually telescope out into the primitive heart tube at 24hpf. Stainier 2001. heart cone rudimentary heart teleost_anatomy The migrating myocardial precursors of the heart rudiment form a cone like structure between 19.5hpf and 22hpf, and eventually telescope out into the primitive heart tube at 24hpf. Stainier 2001. ZFIN:curator macula lagena TAO:0000116 teleost_anatomy hypoblast TAO:0000117 The inner of the two layers of the blastoderm that forms during gastrulation and give rise to the definitive mesoderm and endoderm. Kimmel et al, 1995. mesendoderm teleost_anatomy The inner of the two layers of the blastoderm that forms during gastrulation and give rise to the definitive mesoderm and endoderm. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576 mesendoderm hypophysis An endocrine gland located ventral to the diencephalon and derived from mixed neuroectodermal and non neuroectodermal origin. TAO:0000118 pituitary teleost_anatomy An endocrine gland located ventral to the diencephalon and derived from mixed neuroectodermal and non neuroectodermal origin. ZFIN:curator retinal inner nuclear layer TAO:0000119 inner nuclear layer intermediate cell layer teleost_anatomy inner nuclear layer lateral line ganglion TAO:0000120 lateral line ganglia llg teleost_anatomy lateral line ganglia lateral plate mesoderm TAO:0000121 lateral plate teleost_anatomy lens placode Ectodermal primordium of the lens of the eye. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000122 teleost_anatomy Ectodermal primordium of the lens of the eye. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator liver TAO:0000123 teleost_anatomy liver primordium TAO:0000124 liver bud teleost_anatomy mandibular lateral line neuromast Neuromast that is part of the mandibular lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000125 neuromast mandibular neuromasts mandibular teleost_anatomy Neuromast that is part of the mandibular lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator neuromasts mandibular centrum Centra are represented by mineralized, calcified, or ossified portions that surround the notochord. The autocentrum, present in Danio and all other living teleosts, is formed by direct ossification outside the elastica externa of the notochord (Arratia, 1999). TAO:0000126 VSAO:0000183 autocentrum centra centre vertébral (French) périchorde (French) teleost_anatomy true centra Centra are represented by mineralized, calcified, or ossified portions that surround the notochord. The autocentrum, present in Danio and all other living teleosts, is formed by direct ossification outside the elastica externa of the notochord (Arratia, 1999). ZFIN:curator PSPUB:0000164 centre vertébral (French) PSPUB:0000138 périchorde (French) antorbital Dermal bone positioned as the first bone of the infraorbital series. The antorbital articulates with the lacrimal or infraorbital 1 anteroventrally and the supraorbital posterodorsally. The antorbital is a paired bone. TAO:0000127 The antorbital in some teleosts fuses with the lacrimal. The antorbital contains the end branch of the infraorbital canal or neuromasts for the infraorbital canal in basal teleosts such as elopiformes, some osteoglossomorphs and fossil basal teleosts. adnasal lateral rostral perorbital teleost_anatomy Dermal bone positioned as the first bone of the infraorbital series. The antorbital articulates with the lacrimal or infraorbital 1 anteroventrally and the supraorbital posterodorsally. The antorbital is a paired bone. TAO:GA_TG TAO:Bridge_1877 perorbital TAO:Goodrich_1930 TAO:Regan_1923 adnasal TAO:Jollie_1984 lateral rostral midbrain TAO:0000128 The brain region between the forebrain anteriorly and the hindbrain posteriorly, including the tectum dorsally and the midbrain tegmentum ventrally. Kimmel et al, 1995. mesencephalon teleost_anatomy ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576 mesencephalon The brain region between the forebrain anteriorly and the hindbrain posteriorly, including the tectum dorsally and the midbrain tegmentum ventrally. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator olfactory pit TAO:0000130 nasal cavity nasal pit olfactory cavity teleost_anatomy neural keel An intermediate stage (between the neural plate and neural rod) during the early segmentation period in the morphogenesis of the central nervous system primordium; the keel is roughly triangular shaped in cross section. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000131 presumptive central nervous system teleost_anatomy An intermediate stage (between the neural plate and neural rod) during the early segmentation period in the morphogenesis of the central nervous system primordium; the keel is roughly triangular shaped in cross section. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator neural plate TAO:0000132 The earliest recognizable dorsal ectodermal primordium of the central nervous system present near the end of gastrulation before infolding to form the neural keel; consists of a thickened pseudostratified epithelium. Kimmel et al, 1995. presumptive central nervous system teleost_anatomy The earliest recognizable dorsal ectodermal primordium of the central nervous system present near the end of gastrulation before infolding to form the neural keel; consists of a thickened pseudostratified epithelium. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator neural rod An intermediate stage in the development of the central nervous system present during the segmentation period; the neural rod is roughly cylindrical in shape, forms from the neural keel, and is not yet hollowed out into the neural tube. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000133 presumptive central nervous system teleost_anatomy An intermediate stage in the development of the central nervous system present during the segmentation period; the neural rod is roughly cylindrical in shape, forms from the neural keel, and is not yet hollowed out into the neural tube. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator notochord Rod-like principal supportive element of the embryo and larva, present in the midline just ventral to the neural tube, and differentiating during the segmentation period to form large vacuolated epithelial cells and a surrounding a sheath of fibrous and elastic layers. Layering of the sheath may differ in structure, thickness and development among groups; in cypriniforms there are actually three very thin layers to the sheath. A functional, well developed notochord is present throughout life in certain basal fish groups but not in cypriniforms. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000135 VSAO:0000032 notocord teleost_anatomy true Rod-like principal supportive element of the embryo and larva, present in the midline just ventral to the neural tube, and differentiating during the segmentation period to form large vacuolated epithelial cells and a surrounding a sheath of fibrous and elastic layers. Layering of the sheath may differ in structure, thickness and development among groups; in cypriniforms there are actually three very thin layers to the sheath. A functional, well developed notochord is present throughout life in certain basal fish groups but not in cypriniforms. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator otic lateral line neuromast Neuromast that is part of the otic lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000136 neuromast otic neuromasts otic teleost_anatomy neuromasts otic Neuromast that is part of the otic lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator optic stalk TAO:0000137 teleost_anatomy otic placode Primordium of the ear epithelium before it hollows into the otic vesicle, present beside the hindbrain rudiment in the midsegmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for ear by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000138 otic capsule otocyst teleost_anatomy Primordium of the ear epithelium before it hollows into the otic vesicle, present beside the hindbrain rudiment in the midsegmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for ear by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator immature otolith Brightly refractile stone-like organ within the otic vesicle and positioned over a sensory macula; two form in each vesicle during the late segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for otolith by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000139 immature otoliths teleost_anatomy Brightly refractile stone-like organ within the otic vesicle and positioned over a sensory macula; two form in each vesicle during the late segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for otolith by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator immature otoliths pancreas TAO:0000140 teleost_anatomy pectoral fin bud Fin bud that develops into the pectoral fin. TAO:0000141 pectoral fin buds teleost_anatomy pectoral fin buds Fin bud that develops into the pectoral fin. ZFIN:curator peripheral nervous system Nervous structures including ganglia outside of the central nervous system. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000142 pns teleost_anatomy Nervous structures including ganglia outside of the central nervous system. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator retinal photoreceptor layer TAO:0000143 The layer within the retina where the photoreceptor cell receptor segments reside. teleost_anatomy The layer within the retina where the photoreceptor cell receptor segments reside. ZFIN:curator retinal pigmented epithelium A monolayer of pigmented epithelium covering the neural retina; develops from the outer of the two layers of the optic cup. Kimmel et al, 1995. PRE RPE TAO:0000144 pigmented epithelium pigmented retinal epithelium teleost_anatomy A monolayer of pigmented epithelium covering the neural retina; develops from the outer of the two layers of the optic cup. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator CNS tracts and commissures TAO:0000145 teleost_anatomy presumptive brain TAO:0000146 brain rudiment teleost_anatomy presumptive epidermis TAO:0000147 teleost_anatomy presumptive midbrain TAO:0000148 presumptive mesencephalon teleost_anatomy primitive heart tube TAO:0000149 teleost_anatomy pronephric duct Duct of the embryonic kidney, present bilaterally ventral to the somites and leading to the anal region where it empties separately from, and just posterior to the anus. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000150 teleost_anatomy Duct of the embryonic kidney, present bilaterally ventral to the somites and leading to the anal region where it empties separately from, and just posterior to the anus. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator pronephros TAO:0000151 The embryonic kidney, present at the level of the third somite, is composed of two glomeruli fused at the midline, two pronephric tubules, and paired bilateral pronephric ducts that modify the composition of the blood filtrate before delivering it to the cloaca for excretion.Kimmel et al, 1995. embryonic kidney kidney teleost_anatomy The embryonic kidney, present at the level of the third somite, is composed of two glomeruli fused at the midline, two pronephric tubules, and paired bilateral pronephric ducts that modify the composition of the blood filtrate before delivering it to the cloaca for excretion.Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576 embryonic kidney retina TAO:0000152 The portion of the eye developing from the optic primordium and including the neural retina and the retinal pigment layer. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy The portion of the eye developing from the optic primordium and including the neural retina and the retinal pigment layer. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator rhombomere 8 Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000153 r8 teleost_anatomy Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sinus venosus Heart region collecting blood from the paired common cardinal veins and delivering to the atrium. One of four components of the heart. The sinus venosus also acts as a pacemaker and is the first to contract. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000154 teleost_anatomy Heart region collecting blood from the paired common cardinal veins and delivering to the atrium. One of four components of the heart. The sinus venosus also acts as a pacemaker and is the first to contract. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite TAO:0000155 Undifferentiated mesodermal components of early trunk or tail segments or metameres, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms myotomes, sclerotomes and perhaps dermatomes. Kimmel et al, 1995. somitic mesoderm teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal components of early trunk or tail segments or metameres, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms myotomes, sclerotomes and perhaps dermatomes. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite 20 TAO:0000156 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite 30 TAO:0000157 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator urostyle Anatomical cluster that is the result of fusion of preural centrum 1 with one or more adjacent ural centra. In zebrafish, it is composed of preural vertebra 1 and ural centra 1 and 2. The number of ural centra that become fused with preural centrum 1 varies among teleost subgroups. Because of varying developmental origins the urostyle may not be homologous across species. TAO:0000158 compound caudal centrum compound centrum compound terminal centrum compound terminal vertebra last vertebra teleost_anatomy terminal centrum ultimate vertebra Anatomical cluster that is the result of fusion of preural centrum 1 with one or more adjacent ural centra. TAO:wd ZFIN:curator tectal ventricle TAO:0000159 cerebral aquaduct medial tectal ventricle mesencephalic ventricle mesencephalic vesicle midbrain ventricle teleost_anatomy tegmentum TAO:0000160 teleost_anatomy third ventricle 3rd ventricle Fluid-filled brain cavity. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000161 diencephalic ventricle diencephalic vesicle teleost_anatomy Fluid-filled brain cavity. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator trigeminal placode TAO:0000162 The ectodermal rudiment of the trigeminal ganglion, distinguishable during much of the segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy The ectodermal rudiment of the trigeminal ganglion, distinguishable during much of the segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator renal system TAO:0000163 teleost_anatomy ventral mesenchyme TAO:0000164 teleost_anatomy inferior lobe TAO:0000165 inferior lobes teleost_anatomy inferior lobes lateral crista Patches of thickened, pseudostratified epithelium of the inner ear, consisting of regular arrays of sensory hair cells interspersed with supporting cells. Each patch has its own charcteristic shape and polarity pattern. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000166 TAO:0000378 lateral crista ampullaris lateral cristae lc sensory patch sensory patches teleost_anatomy lateral cristae Patches of thickened, pseudostratified epithelium of the inner ear, consisting of regular arrays of sensory hair cells interspersed with supporting cells. Each patch has its own charcteristic shape and polarity pattern. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator anal fin skeleton Median fin skeleton that is located posterior to the anus. TAO:0000167 VSAO:0000166 teleost_anatomy true Median fin skeleton that is located posterior to the anus. TAO:wd anterior macula Patches of thickened, pseudostratified epithelium of the inner ear, consisting of regular arrays of sensory hair cells interspersed with supporting cells. Each patch has its own charcteristic shape and polarity pattern. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000168 am sensory patch teleost_anatomy Patches of thickened, pseudostratified epithelium of the inner ear, consisting of regular arrays of sensory hair cells interspersed with supporting cells. Each patch has its own charcteristic shape and polarity pattern. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator basisphenoid An endochondral bone that is located ventral to the pterosphenoid and dorsal to the parasphenoid. Basisphenoid is a median bone that is usually Y-shaped. TAO:0000169 basisphénoïde (French) propituital (French) teleost_anatomy An endochondral bone that is located ventral to the pterosphenoid and dorsal to the parasphenoid. Basisphenoid is a median bone that is usually Y-shaped. TAO:wd PSPUB:0000164 basisphénoïde (French) PSPUB:0000141 propituital (French) basibranchial bone Replacement bone that is ventral, median, and associated with a single pharyngeal arch in the pharyngeal arch 3-7 skeleton. TAO:0000170 basibranchials teleost_anatomy basibranchials Replacement bone that is ventral, median, and associated with a single pharyngeal arch in the pharyngeal arch 3-7 skeleton. ZFIN:curator interhyal bone It articulates ventrally with the posterior end of the posterior ceratohyal. Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates dorsally with the hyosymplectic cartilage or the articulation of the hyomandibula and symplectic. TAO:0000171 stylohyal teleost_anatomy Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates dorsally with the hyosymplectic cartilage or the articulation of the hyomandibula and symplectic. TAO:wd branchial muscle TAO:0000172 branchial muscles teleost_anatomy branchial muscles bulbus arteriosus A pear shaped chamber that functions as a capacitor, maintaining continuous blood flow into the gill arches. The bulbus arteriosus has three distinct layers. Hu et al. 2000. TAO:0000173 outflow tract teleost_anatomy truncus A pear shaped chamber that functions as a capacitor, maintaining continuous blood flow into the gill arches. The bulbus arteriosus has three distinct layers. Hu et al. 2000. ZFIN:curator caudal cerebellar tract TAO:0000174 teleost_anatomy posterior lateral line nerve Cranial nerve which enters the brain between cranial nerves VIII and IX; contains afferents and sensory efferents to the posterior lateral line ganglion and middle ganglion. Fibers from the posterior lateral line ganglion innervate the occipital dorsal lateral line and trunk lateral lines. TAO:0000175 caudal lateral line nerve teleost_anatomy Cranial nerve which enters the brain between cranial nerves VIII and IX; contains afferents and sensory efferents to the posterior lateral line ganglion and middle ganglion. Fibers from the posterior lateral line ganglion innervate the occipital dorsal lateral line and trunk lateral lines. ZFIN:curator lateral entopeduncular nucleus TAO:0000176 teleost_anatomy caudal oblique TAO:0000177 teleost_anatomy caudal peduncle TAO:0000178 teleost_anatomy caudal root of abducens nerve TAO:0000179 teleost_anatomy caudal vein CV TAO:0000180 Vein in the tail returning blood from the trunk and tail to the heart, leads directly into the posterial cardinal vein in the posterior trunk. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Vein in the tail returning blood from the trunk and tail to the heart, leads directly into the posterial cardinal vein in the posterior trunk. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator caudal zone of D TAO:0000181 posterior zone of dorsal telencephalic area teleost_anatomy central caudal thalamic nucleus TAO:0000182 central posterior thalamic nucleus teleost_anatomy central pretectum TAO:0000183 teleost_anatomy cleithrum Commonly, the cleithrum is a large, well-ossified bone provided with a dorsal and a ventral arm that form an angle of about 90 or a few more degrees. The dorsal arm may end in a sharp or spine-like process to articulate with the supracleithrum. At the confluence of both arms the bone presents a blade extending postero-ventrally and that may have different development among fishes. The anterior edge of the cleithrum is usually thick and may produce a medial plate of different degrees of development. Dermal bone that articulates dorsally with the supracleithrum and ventro-medially with the scapula and coracoid and mesocoracoid bone when the last bone is present. With the posttemporal and supracleithrum, the cleithrum supports the primary pectoral girdle. The cleithrum is located immediately behind the branchial cavity. TAO:0000184 cleithra cleithrum (French) clithra (French) clithrum (French) teleost_anatomy PSPUB:0000132 clithra (French) PSPUB:0000164 cleithrum (French) Dermal bone that articulates dorsally with the supracleithrum and ventro-medially with the scapula and coracoid and mesocoracoid bone when the last bone is present. With the posttemporal and supracleithrum, the cleithrum supports the primary pectoral girdle. The cleithrum is located immediately behind the branchial cavity. TAO:wd cleithra PSPUB:0000111 clithrum (French) commissura rostral, pars ventralis TAO:0000185 teleost_anatomy common cardinal vein Bilaterally paired longitudinal vein; the anterior cardinal returns blood from the head, and the posterior cardinal returns it from the trunk; these two vessels join together on each side as the common cardinal vein (duct of Cuvier; misnamed the vitelline vein) that leads across the yolk cell to the heart's sinus venosus. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000186 duct of Cuvier teleost_anatomy Bilaterally paired longitudinal vein; the anterior cardinal returns blood from the head, and the posterior cardinal returns it from the trunk; these two vessels join together on each side as the common cardinal vein (duct of Cuvier; misnamed the vitelline vein) that leads across the yolk cell to the heart's sinus venosus. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator lateral granular eminence TAO:0000187 teleost_anatomy corpus cerebelli TAO:0000188 cerebellar corpus corpus cerebellum teleost_anatomy otic region Anatomical cluster that is a posterolateral part of the cranium and structurally supports the vestibuloauditory system. TAO:0000189 cranial vault teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster that is a posterolateral part of the cranium and structurally supports the vestibuloauditory system. TAO:MAH ganglion Structures containing a collection of nerve cell bodies. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com) TAO:0000190 ganglia teleost_anatomy Structures containing a collection of nerve cell bodies. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com) ZFIN:curator ganglia dentary Dermal bone that is usually the anteriormost bone of the lower jaw, and that articulates with the angular, or anguloarticular bone, posteriorly, and carries part of the mandibular sensory canal and pore openings of the mandibular sensory canal on its lateral surface. The dentary is a paired bone. TAO:0000191 dentaries dentary bone teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that is usually the anteriormost bone of the lower jaw, and that articulates with the angular, or anguloarticular bone, posteriorly, and carries part of the mandibular sensory canal and pore openings of the mandibular sensory canal on its lateral surface. The dentary is a paired bone. TAO:GA_TG dentaries descending trigeminal root TAO:0000192 teleost_anatomy diffuse nuclei TAO:0000193 teleost_anatomy dorsal accessory optic nucleus TAO:0000194 teleost_anatomy dorsal depressor TAO:0000195 teleost_anatomy dorsal hypohyal bone Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with the anterior ceratohyal posteriorly and the ventral hypohyal bone ventrally. TAO:0000196 dorsal hypohyals dorsohyal teleost_anatomy upper hypohyal Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with the anterior ceratohyal posteriorly and the ventral hypohyal bone ventrally. ZFIN:curator dorsal hypohyals dorsal nucleus TAO:0000197 teleost_anatomy dorsal periventricular hypothalamus TAO:0000199 teleost_anatomy dorsal root ganglion DRG TAO:0000200 Trunk ganglion which is located adjacent to the spine on a dorsal root and contains the cell bodies of afferent sensory nerves. dorsal root ganglia teleost_anatomy Trunk ganglion which is located adjacent to the spine on a dorsal root and contains the cell bodies of afferent sensory nerves. ZFIN:curator dorsal transverse TAO:0000201 teleost_anatomy transversus dorsalis efferent branchial artery EBA TAO:0000202 teleost_anatomy rhinosphenoid An endochondral bone which is located anterior to the orbitosphenoid and medial to the paired lateral ethmoid. Rhinosphenoid is a median bone. TAO:0000203 teleost_anatomy An endochondral bone which is located anterior to the orbitosphenoid and medial to the paired lateral ethmoid. Rhinosphenoid is a median bone. TAO:wd esophagus TAO:0000204 oesophagus teleost_anatomy external ventral flexor TAO:0000205 teleost_anatomy facial nerve motor nucleus TAO:0000206 motor nucleus VII nVII teleost_anatomy fin musculature TAO:0000207 teleost_anatomy gall bladder TAO:0000208 teleost_anatomy lateral preglomerular nucleus TAO:0000209 teleost_anatomy gigantocellular part of magnocellular preoptic nucleus TAO:0000210 teleost_anatomy gill lamella TAO:0000211 gill lamellae teleost_anatomy gill lamellae granular eminence TAO:0000212 teleost_anatomy habenula TAO:0000213 The habenula relays impulses from limbic areas of the telencephalon to an unpaired midbrain nucleus, the interpeduncular nucleus. habenulae teleost_anatomy The habenula relays impulses from limbic areas of the telencephalon to an unpaired midbrain nucleus, the interpeduncular nucleus. ZFIN:curator habenulae hypobranchial vessel TAO:0000214 hypobranchial vessels teleost_anatomy hypobranchial vessels inferior olive TAO:0000215 teleost_anatomy infracarinalis TAO:0000216 teleost_anatomy inner ear TAO:0000217 The auditory (hearing) and vestibular (balance) organ of the fish, equivalent to the inner ear of amniotes. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for ear by T. Whitfield.) ear otic capsule otocyst teleost_anatomy The auditory (hearing) and vestibular (balance) organ of the fish, equivalent to the inner ear of amniotes. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for ear by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator intermediate reticular formation TAO:0000219 teleost_anatomy lateral semicircular canal One of three fluid-filled toroidal spaces, arranged orthogonally to each other in each ear, that detect angular acceleration. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for semicircular canals by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000220 TAO:0000361 horizontal semicircular canal lateral semicircular canals lateral semicircular duct teleost_anatomy One of three fluid-filled toroidal spaces, arranged orthogonally to each other in each ear, that detect angular acceleration. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for semicircular canals by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator internal levator TAO:0000221 teleost_anatomy isthmic primary nucleus TAO:0000222 teleost_anatomy infraorbital 1 Infraorbital that is the first (anteriormost) bone of the infraorbital series. Suborbital and infraorbital 1 are synonymized by some authors (e.g., Cuvier), however, a suborbital bone in fishes has a different meaning than an infraorbital 1; it is a bone(s) that it is placed between the postero-dorsal infraorbitals and preopercle. A suborbital (also named postorbital by some authors) is not present in extant teleosts with the exception of Arapaima where it is occasionally present. Suborbital bones are found in some fossil basal teleosts. [G. Arratia] TAO:0000223 lachrymal (French) lachrymal bone lacrimal bone lacrymal (French) lacrymal bone suborbital teleost_anatomy PSPUB:0000164 lacrymal (French) PSPUB:0000119 lachrymal (French) Infraorbital that is the first (anteriormost) bone of the infraorbital series. ZFIN:curator quadrate ventral process Process that is the ventral, posteriorly-oriented bony extension of the quadrate. TAO:0000224 teleost_anatomy Process that is the ventral, posteriorly-oriented bony extension of the quadrate. TAO:wd lateral crista primordium TAO:0000225 lateral crista primordia teleost_anatomy lateral crista primordia lateral ethmoid Endochondral bone that separates the olfactory region from the orbit, extends medially to meet its fellow medially below the frontal bones and is bordered by the mesethmoid anteriorly. It may articulate with the autopalatine and infraorbital 1 laterally. The lateral ethmoid is paired. TAO:0000226 lateral ethmoids parethmoïde (French) pleurethmoïde (French) teleost_anatomy éthmoïde latéral (French) lateral ethmoids Endochondral bone that separates the olfactory region from the orbit, extends medially to meet its fellow medially below the frontal bones and is bordered by the mesethmoid anteriorly. It may articulate with the autopalatine and infraorbital 1 laterally. The lateral ethmoid is paired. ZFIN:curator PSPUB:0000134 pleurethmoïde (French) PSPUB:0000164 éthmoïde latéral (French) PSPUB:0000141 parethmoïde (French) lateral hypothalamic nucleus TAO:0000227 teleost_anatomy lateral line primordium TAO:0000228 lateral line primordia llp teleost_anatomy lateral line primordia lateral olfactory tract TAO:0000229 teleost_anatomy longitudinal hypochordal TAO:0000230 teleost_anatomy lateral recess TAO:0000231 teleost_anatomy lateral semicircular canal primordium TAO:0000232 lateral semicircular canal primordia teleost_anatomy lateral semicircular canal primordia lower oral valve TAO:0000233 teleost_anatomy macula neglecta TAO:0000234 teleost_anatomy magnocellular superficial pretectal nucleus TAO:0000235 teleost_anatomy mandibular muscle TAO:0000236 mandibular muscles teleost_anatomy mandibular muscles medial forebrain bundle diencephalon TAO:0000237 teleost_anatomy medial olfactory tract TAO:0000238 teleost_anatomy mesocoracoid bone Endochondral bone that articulates laterally with the medial surface of the cleithrum and ventro-medially with the scapula and coracoid. Meoscoracoid bone is a small, arch-like bone that develops from the mesocoracoid cartilage. Mesocoracoid bone is paired. TAO:0000239 mesocoracoideum teleost_anatomy Endochondral bone that articulates laterally with the medial surface of the cleithrum and ventro-medially with the scapula and coracoid. Meoscoracoid bone is a small, arch-like bone that develops from the mesocoracoid cartilage. Mesocoracoid bone is paired. TAO:wd metapterygoid Endochondral bone that forms the posteriormost element of the palatal complex. It overlies the quadrate and symplectic, posteriorly it articulates with the hyomandibula and anteriorly with the entopterygoid and ectopterygoid. It curves dorsally to form the posteroventral surface of the orbit. The metapterygoid is paired. TAO:0000240 metapterygoids teleost_anatomy Endochondral bone that forms the posteriormost element of the palatal complex. It overlies the quadrate and symplectic, posteriorly it articulates with the hyomandibula and anteriorly with the entopterygoid and ectopterygoid. It curves dorsally to form the posteroventral surface of the orbit. The metapterygoid is paired. ZFIN:curator metapterygoids midline column TAO:0000241 teleost_anatomy male CARO:0000027 Gonochoristic organism that can produce male gametes. TAO:0000242 male organism teleost_anatomy Gonochoristic organism that can produce male gametes. ZFIN:curator neuromast TAO:0000243 Volcano-shaped lateral line sensory organ located in characteristic positions within the skin epithelium and containing hair cells and their support elements. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) cyatoïde (French) lateral line neuromast neuromaste superficiel (French) neuromasts pit organ teleost_anatomy PSPUB:0000151 cyatoïde (French) PSPUB:0000164 neuromaste superficiel (French) neuromasts Volcano-shaped lateral line sensory organ located in characteristic positions within the skin epithelium and containing hair cells and their support elements. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator nucleus Edinger-Westphal TAO:0000244 teleost_anatomy nucleus of the descending root TAO:0000245 teleost_anatomy nucleus taeniae TAO:0000246 teleost_anatomy cranial nerve VIII CN-VIII TAO:0000247 auditory nerve octaval nerve statoacoustic nerve teleost_anatomy magnocellular preoptic nucleus TAO:0000248 teleost_anatomy cranial nerve I CN-I TAO:0000249 olfactory nerve teleost_anatomy opercle Dermal bone that forms the postero-dorsal part of the opercular series. The opercle articulates with the hyomandibula antero-dorsally and with the subopercle ventrally. The opercle is a paired bone. TAO:0000250 The opercle is usually a large, flat bone that may be partially covered by the posterior region of the preopercle. opercles operculare operculum teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that forms the postero-dorsal part of the opercular series. The opercle articulates with the hyomandibula antero-dorsally and with the subopercle ventrally. The opercle is a paired bone. TAO:GA_TG opercles adipose fin A fin that is fleshy, lacks supporting rays, and is located posterior to the dorsal fin. TAO:0000251 teleost_anatomy A fin that is fleshy, lacks supporting rays, and is located posterior to the dorsal fin. TAO:wd optic tract TAO:0000252 teleost_anatomy orbitosphenoid Large median unpaired cartilage bone consisting of two diverging plates. Positioned medial to the eye. The orbitosphenoid develops from the Trabeculae communis and forms the anterior and anterolateral boundary of the orbital foramen and constitutes a significant part of the sidewalls and floor of the cranial cavity. Bordered by the lateral ethmoid anteriorly, and the pterosphenoid posteriorly, The orbitosphenoid may extend ventrally to meet the parasphenoid. In the adult, the orbitosphenoid is fused ventrally to the parasphenoid via a thin sheet of bone. TAO:0000253 conchosphénoïde (French) orbito-sphénoïde (French) teleost_anatomy Large median unpaired cartilage bone consisting of two diverging plates. Positioned medial to the eye. The orbitosphenoid develops from the Trabeculae communis and forms the anterior and anterolateral boundary of the orbital foramen and constitutes a significant part of the sidewalls and floor of the cranial cavity. Bordered by the lateral ethmoid anteriorly, and the pterosphenoid posteriorly, The orbitosphenoid may extend ventrally to meet the parasphenoid. In the adult, the orbitosphenoid is fused ventrally to the parasphenoid via a thin sheet of bone. ZFIN:curator PSPUB:0000164 orbito-sphénoïde (French) PSPUB:0000144 conchosphénoïde (French) pancreas primordium TAO:0000254 teleost_anatomy paraxial mesoderm TAO:0000255 teleost_anatomy pars subcommissuralis of V TAO:0000256 teleost_anatomy pectoral fin cartilage Cartilage which is part of the pectoral fin. TAO:0000257 teleost_anatomy Cartilage which is part of the pectoral fin. ZFIN:curator pelvic fin musculature Musculature that is part of the pelvic fin. TAO:0000258 teleost_anatomy Musculature that is part of the pelvic fin. TAO:curator mandibular lateral line One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000259 teleost_anatomy One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator periventricular nucleus TAO:0000260 teleost_anatomy pharyngohyoid TAO:0000261 teleost_anatomy posterior semicircular canal One of three fluid-filled toroidal spaces, arranged orthogonally to each other in each ear, that detect angular acceleration. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for semicircular canals by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000262 TAO:0000483 caudal vertical semicircular canal posterior semicircular canals posterior semicircular duct teleost_anatomy One of three fluid-filled toroidal spaces, arranged orthogonally to each other in each ear, that detect angular acceleration. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for semicircular canals by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator precaudal vertebra Post-Weberian vertebrae lacking hemal spines (Weitzman, 1962), refers generally to the anterior vertebral region bounding the abdominal cavity. Alternate but not quite synonymous terms are abdominal or trunk vertebrae, which bear parapophyses and ribs. In many actinopterygians dorsal to the posterior abdominal cavity there are transitional vertebrae lacking ribs but also without hemal spines or sometimes even enclosed hemal arches. The primary definition would identify these vertebrae as precaudal. Bird and Mabee, 2003. TAO:0000263 abdominal vertebrae precaudal vertebrae teleost_anatomy trunk vertebrae Post-Weberian vertebrae lacking hemal spines (Weitzman, 1962), refers generally to the anterior vertebral region bounding the abdominal cavity. Alternate but not quite synonymous terms are abdominal or trunk vertebrae, which bear parapophyses and ribs. In many actinopterygians dorsal to the posterior abdominal cavity there are transitional vertebrae lacking ribs but also without hemal spines or sometimes even enclosed hemal arches. The primary definition would identify these vertebrae as precaudal. Bird and Mabee, 2003. ZFIN:curator precaudal vertebrae preopercle Dermal bone that is part of the opercular series and bears the preopercular sensory canal. The preopercle is a paired bone and typically L-shaped, with the horizontal limb overlying the interopercle and the vertical limb overlying the opercle. TAO:0000264 preopercles preoperculum teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that is part of the opercular series and bears the preopercular sensory canal. The preopercle is a paired bone and typically L-shaped, with the horizontal limb overlying the interopercle and the vertical limb overlying the opercle. TAO:wd preopercles presumptive dorsal mesoderm TAO:0000265 teleost_anatomy pretecto-mamillary tract TAO:0000266 pretectomamillary tract teleost_anatomy primary olfactory fiber layer TAO:0000267 teleost_anatomy anal fin proximal radial Rod-like internal median skeletal support bones of the anal fin, which articulate with the distal radials. TAO:0000268 basal radial of anal fin proximal anal-fin radial teleost_anatomy Rod-like internal median skeletal support bones of the anal fin, which articulate with the distal radials. ZFIN:curator inferior ventral flexor TAO:0000269 teleost_anatomy maxilla Dermal bone that forms part of the upper jaw, located antero-ventral to the premaxilla. The maxilla is a paired bone. In some teleosts, the maxilla is located postero-ventral to the supramaxilla. Commonly, the articular process of the maxilla articulates with the autopalatine and ethmoidal region antero-medially. The maxilla is usually the largest bone in the upper jaw assemblage. TAO:0000270 maxillae teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that forms part of the upper jaw, located antero-ventral to the premaxilla. The maxilla is a paired bone. TAO:GA_TG maxillae radial Radials are the internal skeletal supports of the median and paired fins. Radials may be cartilaginous or bony; always present at the base of fins; typically support lepidotrichia. TAO:0000271 actinost radials teleost_anatomy radials Radials are the internal skeletal supports of the median and paired fins. TAO:wd respiratory system TAO:0000272 teleost_anatomy rostral octaval nucleus TAO:0000274 teleost_anatomy rostral tegmental nucleus TAO:0000275 teleost_anatomy rostrolateral thalamic nucleus of Butler & Saidel TAO:0000276 teleost_anatomy scale Dermal bone that is thin, flexible, and platelike, and that develops in overlapping skinfolds that cover the body and often the head of fish and the bases of the fins. TAO:0000277 VSAO:0000048 scales teleost_anatomy true scales Dermal bone that is thin, flexible, and platelike, and that develops in overlapping skinfolds that cover the body and often the head of fish and the bases of the fins. TAO:wd secondary gustatory nucleus medulla oblongata TAO:0000278 teleost_anatomy segmental plate PSM TAO:0000279 Unsegmented field of paraxial mesoderm present posterior to the most recently formed somite pair, from which somites will form. Kimmel et al, 1995. presomitic mesoderm teleost_anatomy Unsegmented field of paraxial mesoderm present posterior to the most recently formed somite pair, from which somites will form. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator medial division TAO:0000280 teleost_anatomy hair cell posterior macula Specialized neuronal receptor cells of the lateral line and acoustico-vestibular systems. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for hair cells by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000281 sensory hair cells posterior macula teleost_anatomy sensory hair cells posterior macula Specialized neuronal receptor cells of the lateral line and acoustico-vestibular systems. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for hair cells by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator sensory system TAO:0000282 sensory systems teleost_anatomy sensory systems sternohyoid TAO:0000283 teleost_anatomy subopercle Dermal bone that is part of the opercular series, lying below the opercle. The subopercle is paired and is typically a thin bone. TAO:0000284 subopercles teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that is part of the opercular series, lying below the opercle. The subopercle is paired and is typically a thin bone. TAO:wd subopercles superficial adductor TAO:0000285 teleost_anatomy superficial lateralis TAO:0000286 teleost_anatomy superior dorsal flexor TAO:0000287 teleost_anatomy supracarinalis TAO:0000288 teleost_anatomy preopercle horizontal limb A dermal bone that is the lower, horizontal portion of the preopercle bone. TAO:0000289 preopercle horizontal arm preopercle lower limb teleost_anatomy A dermal bone that is the lower, horizontal portion of the preopercle bone. TAO:wd sphenoid region Anatomical cluster that forms the floor and sidewalls of the middle part of the cranium. TAO:0000290 teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster that forms the floor and sidewalls of the middle part of the cranium. TAO:MAH medial octavolateralis nucleus TAO:0000291 teleost_anatomy surface structure Organism subdivision which is the collection of anatomical structures on the body surface. TAO:0000292 VSAO:0000001 teleost_anatomy true Organism subdivision which is the collection of anatomical structures on the body surface. ZFIN:curator synencephalon TAO:0000293 teleost_anatomy torus lateralis TAO:0000294 teleost_anatomy trigeminal ganglion A prominent collection of touch-sensory neurons of the trigeminal or fifth cranial nerve, positioned beside the brain between the eye and the ear. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000295 gV teleost_anatomy A prominent collection of touch-sensory neurons of the trigeminal or fifth cranial nerve, positioned beside the brain between the eye and the ear. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator uncrossed tecto-bulbar tract TAO:0000296 teleost_anatomy vagal lobe TAO:0000297 motor nucleus X nX teleost_anatomy vent TAO:0000298 teleost_anatomy ventral entopeduncular nucleus V TAO:0000299 teleost_anatomy ventral hypohyal bone Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with the ceratohyal bone posteriorly and the dorsal hypohyal bone dorsally. TAO:0000300 lower hypohyal teleost_anatomy ventral hypohyals ventrohyal ventral hypohyals Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with the ceratohyal bone posteriorly and the dorsal hypohyal bone dorsally. ZFIN:curator medial rectus TAO:0000301 teleost_anatomy ventral nucleus TAO:0000302 teleost_anatomy female CARO:0000028 Gonochoristic organism that can produce female gametes. TAO:0000303 female organism teleost_anatomy Gonochoristic organism that can produce female gametes. ZFIN:curator ventral telencephalon TAO:0000304 teleost_anatomy ventral sulcus TAO:0000305 teleost_anatomy ventrolateral thalamic nucleus TAO:0000306 teleost_anatomy vestibulolateralis lobe TAO:0000307 teleost_anatomy vomer Dermal bone that underlies the mesethmoid and inserts in a fossa on the anteroventral surface of the parasphenoid. TAO:0000308 The vomer is paired in some taxa (e.g., Amia) while unpaired in others (e.g., teleosts). prevomer teleost_anatomy ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-192 prevomer Dermal bone that underlies the mesethmoid and inserts in a fossa on the anteroventral surface of the parasphenoid. ZFIN:curator E-YSL TAO:0000309 The portion of the YSL that is outside of the blastoderm margin during epiboly. Kimmel et al, 1995. external yolk syncytial layer teleost_anatomy The portion of the YSL that is outside of the blastoderm margin during epiboly. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576 external yolk syncytial layer cranial nerve VI CN-VI TAO:0000310 abducens nerve teleost_anatomy adductor mandibulae complex TAO:0000311 teleost_anatomy mesencephalic nucleus of trigeminal nerve TAO:0000312 teleost_anatomy anal inclinator TAO:0000313 teleost_anatomy anterior semicircular canal One of three fluid-filled toroidal spaces, arranged orthogonally to each other in each ear, that detect angular acceleration. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for semicircular canals by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000314 TAO:0000675 anterior semicircular canals anterior semicircular duct rostral vertical semicircular canal teleost_anatomy One of three fluid-filled toroidal spaces, arranged orthogonally to each other in each ear, that detect angular acceleration. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for semicircular canals by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator asteriscus TAO:0000315 lagenar otolith lagenolith teleost_anatomy basihyal bone Replacement bone that is median and is the anterior-most bone of the ventral hyoid arch. TAO:0000316 basihyoid glossohyal teleost_anatomy Replacement bone that is median and is the anterior-most bone of the ventral hyoid arch. ZFIN:curator postcranial axial skeleton TAO:0000317 The post-cranial structural components forming the long axis of the vertebrate body; usually consists of the notochord, vertebrae, ribs, supraneurals, intermuscular bones, and unpaired median fins. VSAO:0000093 axial skeleton teleost_anatomy true The post-cranial structural components forming the long axis of the vertebrate body; usually consists of the notochord, vertebrae, ribs, supraneurals, intermuscular bones, and unpaired median fins. ZFIN:curator brain stem/spinal tract and commissures TAO:0000318 brain stem/spinal tracts and commissures teleost_anatomy brain stem/spinal tracts and commissures branchiostegal membrane TAO:0000319 teleost_anatomy caudal commissure TAO:0000320 teleost_anatomy caudal levator TAO:0000321 teleost_anatomy caudal octaval nucleus TAO:0000322 teleost_anatomy mesethmoid bone Endochondral bone that extends forward from the frontal bones and articulates posterolaterally with the lateral ethmoids and the vomer and parasphenoid ventrally. The mesethmoid is an unpaired median bone. TAO:0000323 dermethmoïde (French) ethmoid mésethmoïde (French) teleost_anatomy Endochondral bone that extends forward from the frontal bones and articulates posterolaterally with the lateral ethmoids and the vomer and parasphenoid ventrally. The mesethmoid is an unpaired median bone. ZFIN:curator PSPUB:0000164 mésethmoïde (French) PSPUB:0000141 dermethmoïde (French) caudal periventricular hypothalamus TAO:0000324 teleost_anatomy caudal thalamic nucleus TAO:0000325 teleost_anatomy caudal vertebra TAO:0000326 Vertebrae bearing a hemal arch and spine. The most posterior caudal vertebrae support the caudal fin and are referred to as preural vertebrae. caudal vertebrae teleost_anatomy Vertebrae bearing a hemal arch and spine. The most posterior caudal vertebrae support the caudal fin and are referred to as preural vertebrae. ZFIN:curator caudal vertebrae central zone TAO:0000327 teleost_anatomy cephalic musculature TAO:0000328 head muscles teleost_anatomy chorion TAO:0000329 The egg shell. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy The egg shell. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator cloacal chamber TAO:0000330 teleost_anatomy commissure infima of Haller TAO:0000331 teleost_anatomy coracoid Endochondral bone that articulates dorsally with the scapula and with the mesocoracoid when the latter is present, posteriorly with the lower two or three proximal radials and antero-ventrally with the cleithrum. The coracoid develops from the scapulo-coracoid cartilage. The coracoid is paired. TAO:0000332 The coracoid is a triangular shaped-bone that usually has an anteriorly directed long process that may joins its counterpart in some fish groups. It may be perforated by the coracoid foramen or it may be notched dorsally and forms the scapulo-coracoid foramen together with a similar notch of the ventral margin of the scapula. VSAO:0000158 coracoids coracoïde (French) hypocoracoïde (French) teleost_anatomy true coracoids PSPUB:0000164 coracoïde (French) PSPUB:0000131 hypocoracoïde (French) Endochondral bone that articulates dorsally with the scapula and with the mesocoracoid when the latter is present, posteriorly with the lower two or three proximal radials and antero-ventrally with the cleithrum. The coracoid develops from the scapulo-coracoid cartilage. The coracoid is paired. TAO:GA_TG TAO:wd mesovarium TAO:0000333 teleost_anatomy corpus mamillare TAO:0000334 teleost_anatomy crossed tecto-bulbar tract TAO:0000335 teleost_anatomy preopercle vertical limb A dermal bone that is the upper, vertical portion of the preopercle bone. TAO:0000336 ascending arm of preopercle preopercle upper limb preopercle vertical arm teleost_anatomy A dermal bone that is the upper, vertical portion of the preopercle bone. TAO:wd basioccipital posterodorsal region Endochondral bone which is the posterodorsal region of the basioccipital bone. TAO:0000337 teleost_anatomy Endochondral bone which is the posterodorsal region of the basioccipital bone. TAO:wd diencephalic tracts and commissures TAO:0000338 teleost_anatomy digestive system TAO:0000339 teleost_anatomy dorsal entopeduncular nucleus TAO:0000340 teleost_anatomy dorsal flexor TAO:0000341 teleost_anatomy dorsal inclinator TAO:0000342 teleost_anatomy dorsal nucleus of V TAO:0000343 teleost_anatomy middle lateral line One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000344 teleost_anatomy One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator dorsal rectus TAO:0000345 teleost_anatomy dorsal tegmental nucleus TAO:0000346 teleost_anatomy dorsal zone TAO:0000347 teleost_anatomy exoccipital posteroventral region Endochondral bone which is the posterodorsal region of the basioccipital bone. TAO:0000348 teleost_anatomy Endochondral bone which is the posterodorsal region of the basioccipital bone. TAO:wd epaxialis TAO:0000349 teleost_anatomy epipleural Epipleurals lie below the horizontal septum and are posteroventrally directed. There are ossified epipleurals in certain ostariophysans. In many lower elopocephalan teleosts including ostariophysans the epipleural bones develop an anterodorsal branch so that they are forked proximally. TAO:0000350 epipleurals pleuroïde (French) teleost_anatomy épipleural (French) épipleure (French) epipleurals PSPUB:0000164 épipleural (French) PSPUB:0000133 épipleure (French) PSPUB:0000153 pleuroïde (French) Epipleurals lie below the horizontal septum and are posteroventrally directed. There are ossified epipleurals in certain ostariophysans. In many lower elopocephalan teleosts including ostariophysans the epipleural bones develop an anterodorsal branch so that they are forked proximally. ZFIN:curator olfactory region Anatomical cluster that is located in the anterior region of the cranium and provides structural support for the peripheral olfactory organ. TAO:0000351 ethmoid region teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster that is located in the anterior region of the cranium and provides structural support for the peripheral olfactory organ. TAO:MAH external cellular layer TAO:0000352 teleost_anatomy fasciculus retroflexus TAO:0000353 habenulointerpeduncular tract teleost_anatomy gill TAO:0000354 gills teleost_anatomy gills roof plate midbrain TAO:0000355 roof plate midbrain teleost_anatomy gill raker Dermal bone that is a projection present on the inner surface of a branchial arch. TAO:0000356 branchiocténie (French) branchiospine (French) gill rakers gill-raker gillraker teleost_anatomy PSPUB:0000133 branchiocténie (French) Dermal bone that is a projection present on the inner surface of a branchial arch. ZFIN:curator PSPUB:0000164 branchiospine (French) gill rakers glomerular layer TAO:0000357 teleost_anatomy granular layer corpus cerebelli TAO:0000358 teleost_anatomy habenular commissure TAO:0000359 teleost_anatomy heart tube TAO:0000360 teleost_anatomy hypaxialis TAO:0000362 teleost_anatomy hypobranchial bone Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates medially with a median skeletal element and laterally with a ceratobranchial cartilage or bone. TAO:0000363 teleost_anatomy Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates medially with a median skeletal element and laterally with a ceratobranchial cartilage or bone. ZFIN:curator hypural Laterally flattened haemal spine of an ural vertebra that lacks its arch and supports a few principal caudal lepidotrichia distally. A hypural may articulate or fuse with its ural centrum proximally or may lie ventral to the notochord. A hypural is an unpaired median bone that ossifies perichondrally. (Modified from Monod, 1968 and Arratia and Schultze, 1992). TAO:0000364 hyp hypuralia hypurals teleost_anatomy Laterally flattened haemal spine of an ural vertebra that lacks its arch and supports a few principal caudal lepidotrichia distally. A hypural may articulate or fuse with its ural centrum proximally or may lie ventral to the notochord. A hypural is an unpaired median bone that ossifies perichondrally. (Modified from Monod, 1968 and Arratia and Schultze, 1992). TAO:GA_TG ZFIN:curator hypurals nasal bone Paired dermal bones, likened to a bone tube, positioned lateral to the supraethmoid. Nasal bones are transversed by the anterior most part of the supraorbital canals and bear one neuromast foramen in zebrafish Cubbage and Mabee, 1996. Synonym adnasal used in Weitzman 1960, and synonym discussed in Vari 1995. TAO:0000365 adnasal adnasal (French) nasal (French) nasals teleost_anatomy PSPUB:0000164 nasal (French) nasals PSPUB:0000133 adnasal (French) Paired dermal bones, likened to a bone tube, positioned lateral to the supraethmoid. Nasal bones are transversed by the anterior most part of the supraorbital canals and bear one neuromast foramen in zebrafish Cubbage and Mabee, 1996. ZFIN:curator inferior raphe nucleus TAO:0000366 posterior raphe nucleus teleost_anatomy joint Anatomical cluster which consists of two or more adjacent bones or cartilages, which may be interconnected by various types of tissue. TAO:0000367 VSAO:0000101 teleost_anatomy true Anatomical cluster which consists of two or more adjacent bones or cartilages, which may be interconnected by various types of tissue. TAO:pem integument TAO:0000368 The outer protective barrier that separates the animal from its aquatic environment. Le Guellec et al, 2004. VSAO:0000029 skin teleost_anatomy true The outer protective barrier that separates the animal from its aquatic environment. Le Guellec et al, 2004. ZFIN:curator intermandibularis TAO:0000369 teleost_anatomy intermediate thalamic nucleus TAO:0000370 teleost_anatomy internal pharyngoclavicularis TAO:0000371 teleost_anatomy interpeduncular nucleus medulla oblongata TAO:0000372 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin actinotrichium Actinotrichium that is part of the dorsal fin skeleton. TAO:0000373 teleost_anatomy Actinotrichium that is part of the dorsal fin skeleton. TAO:wd lagena TAO:0000374 teleost_anatomy anal fin actinotrichium Actinotrichium that is part of the anal fin skeleton. TAO:0000375 teleost_anatomy Actinotrichium that is part of the anal fin skeleton. TAO:wd infraorbital Dermal bone that is located anterior, ventral or posterior to the eye. Infraorbital bones may or may not contain the infraorbital sensory canal. Infraorbital bones are numbered starting with the anteriormost element of the series. TAO:0000376 TAO:0000489 circumorbital series circumorbitals infraorbital series infraorbitals teleost_anatomy infraorbitals circumorbitals Dermal bone that is located anterior, ventral or posterior to the eye. Infraorbital bones may or may not contain the infraorbital sensory canal. Infraorbital bones are numbered starting with the anteriormost element of the series. ZFIN:curator lateral forebrain bundle diencephalon TAO:0000379 teleost_anatomy lateral lemniscus nucleus TAO:0000380 teleost_anatomy lateral line sensory nuclei TAO:0000381 teleost_anatomy acellular anatomical structure Anatomical structure that consists of cell parts and cell substances and together does not constitute a cell or a tissue. CARO:0000040 CARO:0000040 TAO:0000382 teleost_anatomy true Anatomical structure that consists of cell parts and cell substances and together does not constitute a cell or a tissue. ZFIN:curator lateral rectus TAO:0000383 teleost_anatomy levator arcus palatini TAO:0000384 teleost_anatomy lymphatic system TAO:0000385 teleost_anatomy macula Patches of thickened, pseudostratified epithelium of the inner ear, consisting of regular arrays of sensory hair cells interspersed with supporting cells. Each patch has its own charcteristic shape and polarity pattern. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000386 maculae sensory patch teleost_anatomy Patches of thickened, pseudostratified epithelium of the inner ear, consisting of regular arrays of sensory hair cells interspersed with supporting cells. Each patch has its own charcteristic shape and polarity pattern. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator maculae nucleus motorius of nervi vagi TAO:0000387 teleost_anatomy medial caudal lobe TAO:0000388 teleost_anatomy medial funicular nucleus medulla oblongata TAO:0000389 teleost_anatomy medial preglomerular nucleus TAO:0000390 teleost_anatomy medial zone of D TAO:0000391 teleost_anatomy median tuberal portion TAO:0000392 teleost_anatomy mesenchyme A mesh-like cell arrangement, less compact than an epithelium. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000393 teleost_anatomy A mesh-like cell arrangement, less compact than an epithelium. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator molecular layer corpus cerebelli TAO:0000394 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneer somite 2 TAO:0000395 muscle pioneers somite 2 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 2 nervous system A regulatory system of the body that consists of neurons and neuroglial cells. The nervous system is divided into two parts, the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com) TAO:0000396 teleost_anatomy A regulatory system of the body that consists of neurons and neuroglial cells. The nervous system is divided into two parts, the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com) ZFIN:curator nucleus subglomerulosis TAO:0000397 teleost_anatomy nucleus isthmi TAO:0000398 teleost_anatomy secondary gustatory nucleus trigeminal nuclei TAO:0000399 teleost_anatomy occipital lateral line One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000400 supratemporal lateral line teleost_anatomy One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator octaval nerve sensory nuclei TAO:0000401 teleost_anatomy olfactory bulb TAO:0000402 teleost_anatomy ovary Female reproductive organ. TAO:0000403 ovaries teleost_anatomy ovaries Female reproductive organ. ZFIN:curator paracommissural nucleus TAO:0000404 teleost_anatomy cranial nerve III CN-III TAO:0000405 occulomotor oculomotor nerve teleost_anatomy parvocellular superficial pretectal nucleus TAO:0000406 teleost_anatomy pectoral girdle Anatomical cluster of paired dermal and endochondral bones that attaches to the dorso-posterior part of the cranium, and support the radials and pectoral fin. It consists of two components: the primary pectoral girdle consisting of the endochondral coracoid, scapula and mesocoracoid bones, and the secondary pectoral girdle consisting of the dermal posttemporal, supracleithrum, cleithrum and poscleithrum(thra) bones. TAO:0000407 VSAO:0000156 scapular girdle shoulder girdle teleost_anatomy true Anatomical cluster of paired dermal and endochondral bones that attaches to the dorso-posterior part of the cranium, and support the radials and pectoral fin. It consists of two components: the primary pectoral girdle consisting of the endochondral coracoid, scapula and mesocoracoid bones, and the secondary pectoral girdle consisting of the dermal posttemporal, supracleithrum, cleithrum and poscleithrum(thra) bones. TAO:wd periventricular nucleus of caudal tuberculum TAO:0000408 teleost_anatomy postcleithrum Commonly, the postcleithra form a bilateral series including one to three flat, thin postcleithra of variable shapes (in teleosts). Basal teleosts may have a series up to seven postcleithra (see Arratia 1984 and 1997 and references herein). Dermal bone placed postero-medially to the supracleithrum and/or cleithrum. TAO:0000410 métacleithrum (French) métaclithrum (French) paraclithrum (French) postclavicle postcleithra postcleithrum (French) teleost_anatomy PSPUB:0000131 métacleithrum (French) postcleithra PSPUB:0000143 paraclithrum (French) Dermal bone placed postero-medially to the supracleithrum and/or cleithrum. TAO:GA_TG TAO:wd PSPUB:0000164 postcleithrum (French) PSPUB:0000131 métaclithrum (French) posterior crista primordium TAO:0000411 posterior crista primordia teleost_anatomy posterior crista primordia posterior semicircular canal primordium TAO:0000412 posterior semicircular canal primordia teleost_anatomy posterior semicircular canal primordia gonad TAO:0000413 The part of the reproductive system that produces and releases eggs (ovary) or sperm (testis). teleost_anatomy The part of the reproductive system that produces and releases eggs (ovary) or sperm (testis). ZFIN:curator presumptive cephalic mesoderm TAO:0000414 teleost_anatomy esophageal sphincter TAO:0000415 oesophagial sphincter teleost_anatomy presumptive endoderm TAO:0000416 teleost_anatomy presumptive spinal cord TAO:0000417 presumptive spinal cord neural keel presumptive spinal cord neural plate presumptive spinal cord neural rod teleost_anatomy pretectum TAO:0000418 teleost_anatomy pterosphenoid Endochondral bone that sutures with the orbitosphenoid anteriorly, the frontal bone dorsally and the sphenotic and prootic posteriorly. The pterosphenoid forms part of the orbitosphenoid region. The pterosphenoid bears foramina that accommodate branches of the trigeminal and facial nerves. The pterosphenoid is a paired bone. TAO:0000419 alisphenoid pterosphenoids teleost_anatomy Endochondral bone that sutures with the orbitosphenoid anteriorly, the frontal bone dorsally and the sphenotic and prootic posteriorly. The pterosphenoid forms part of the orbitosphenoid region. The pterosphenoid bears foramina that accommodate branches of the trigeminal and facial nerves. The pterosphenoid is a paired bone. ZFIN:curator pterosphenoids renal artery TAO:0000420 renal arteries teleost_anatomy renal arteries reticular formation TAO:0000421 teleost_anatomy retroarticular TAO:0000422 The retroarticular is a cartilage bone that forms at the posteroventral tip of Meckel's cartilage where the interoperculomandibular ligament attaches (5.1 mm NL). In the adult it is basically triangular in shape. The retroarticular is ligamentously connected to the interopercle and preopercle posteriorly and abuts the ventral shelf of the dentary anteriorly. teleost_anatomy The retroarticular is a cartilage bone that forms at the posteroventral tip of Meckel's cartilage where the interoperculomandibular ligament attaches (5.1 mm NL). In the adult it is basically triangular in shape. The retroarticular is ligamentously connected to the interopercle and preopercle posteriorly and abuts the ventral shelf of the dentary anteriorly. ZFIN:curator anterior cardinal vein ACV TAO:0000423 rostral cardinal veins teleost_anatomy opercular lateral line One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000424 teleost_anatomy One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator anterior lateral line nerve Cranial nerve which enters the brain between cranial nerves VI and VII; contains afferents and sensory efferents to the anterior lateral line ganglia. TAO:0000425 rostral lateral line nerve teleost_anatomy Cranial nerve which enters the brain between cranial nerves VI and VII; contains afferents and sensory efferents to the anterior lateral line ganglia. ZFIN:curator rostral parvocellular preoptic nucleus TAO:0000426 teleost_anatomy rostral thalamic nucleus TAO:0000427 teleost_anatomy saccule TAO:0000428 teleost_anatomy scaphium Neural arch and Weberian ossicle that is reduced in size relative to other neural arches. Scaphium has a process which articulates with the first centrum. TAO:0000429 Weberian ossicle 2 second Weberian ossicle teleost_anatomy Neural arch and Weberian ossicle that is reduced in size relative to other neural arches. Scaphium has a process which articulates with the first centrum. ZFIN:curator secondary gustatory tract TAO:0000430 teleost_anatomy semicircular canal Fluid-filled toroidal spaces, arranged orthogonally to each other in the ear, that detect angular accelerations. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for semicircular canals by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000431 scc semicircular canals semicircular duct teleost_anatomy Fluid-filled toroidal spaces, arranged orthogonally to each other in the ear, that detect angular accelerations. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for semicircular canals by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator semicircular canals sensory trigeminal nuclei TAO:0000433 teleost_anatomy skeletal system Anatomical system consisting of multiple elements and tissues that provides physical support. TAO:0000434 VSAO:0000027 teleost_anatomy true Anatomical system consisting of multiple elements and tissues that provides physical support. TAO:wd cranial nerve II A collection of nerve cells that project visual information from the eyes to the brain. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com) CN-II TAO:0000435 optic optic nerve teleost_anatomy A collection of nerve cells that project visual information from the eyes to the brain. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com) ZFIN:curator spleen TAO:0000436 teleost_anatomy caudal fin actinotrichium Actinotrichium that is part of the caudal fin skeleton. TAO:0000437 teleost_anatomy Actinotrichium that is part of the caudal fin skeleton. TAO:wd parhypural Haemal spine of last hemal arch that is pierced by the haemal canal through which the caudal vessels pass or haemal arch of preural centrum 1. Its distal part commonly supports lepidotrichia. The parhypural is an unpaired median haemal spine. TAO:0000438 TAO:0000562 The parhypural is frequently confused with the arch plus spine of preural centrum 1. hemal spine of preural centrum 1 parahypural parhypural (French) parhypural hypaxonal (French) parhyural phy prohypural (French) teleost_anatomy PSPUB:0000164 parhypural (French) PSPUB:0000133 parhypural hypaxonal (French) PSPUB:0000143 prohypural (French) Haemal spine of last hemal arch that is pierced by the haemal canal through which the caudal vessels pass or haemal arch of preural centrum 1. Its distal part commonly supports lepidotrichia. The parhypural is an unpaired median haemal spine. TAO:GA_TG superficial pelvic abductor TAO:0000439 teleost_anatomy superior raphe nucleus TAO:0000440 anterior raphe nucleus teleost_anatomy suprachiasmatic nucleus TAO:0000441 teleost_anatomy supraneural bone Endochondral bone that is median and located in the dorsal skeletogenous septum between the cranium and the dorsal fin. TAO:0000442 axonoste libre (French) predorsal predorsal bone pseudaxonoste (French) sn supraneural (French) supraneurals teleost_anatomy supraneurals PSPUB:0000164 axonoste libre (French) PSPUB:0000164 supraneural (French) Endochondral bone that is median and located in the dorsal skeletogenous septum between the cranium and the dorsal fin. ZFIN:curator PSPUB:0000156 pseudaxonoste (French) supraorbital lateral line One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000443 teleost_anatomy One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator suspensorium TAO:0000444 hyopalatine suspensoria teleost_anatomy optic tectum TAO:0000445 The roof of the midbrain, morphologically visible by the end of the segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995. dorsal midbrain tectal lobe tectum tectum opticum teleost_anatomy The roof of the midbrain, morphologically visible by the end of the segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576 tectum tecto-bulbar tract TAO:0000446 teleost_anatomy tela chorioidea TAO:0000447 teleost_anatomy tertiary gustatory nucleus TAO:0000448 teleost_anatomy torus longitudinalis TAO:0000449 teleost_anatomy trochlear motor nucleus TAO:0000450 motor nucleus IV nIV teleost_anatomy upper oral valve TAO:0000451 teleost_anatomy urohyal TAO:0000452 Tendon bone that forms in the tendon of the sternohyoid muscles ventral to the anterior end of copula 1. The urohyal associates by ligaments to the ventral hypohyals or it articulates with the ventral hypohyals. The urohyal is an unpaired bone. The urohyal forms as a single ossification in most teleosts, or as a paired ossification. clidoste (French) interclaviculaire (French) jugulaire (French) parurohyal teleost_anatomy urohyal (French) PSPUB:0000140 clidoste (French) TAO:GA_TG TAO:wd Tendon bone that forms in the tendon of the sternohyoid muscles ventral to the anterior end of copula 1. The urohyal associates by ligaments to the ventral hypohyals or it articulates with the ventral hypohyals. The urohyal is an unpaired bone. PSPUB:0000143 interclaviculaire (French) PSPUB:0000109 jugulaire (French) PSPUB:0000164 urohyal (French) TAO:Arratia_Schultze_1990 parurohyal cranial nerve X CN-X TAO:0000453 teleost_anatomy vagal nerve vagus nerve ventral accessory optic nucleus TAO:0000454 teleost_anatomy ventral flexor TAO:0000455 teleost_anatomy ventral nucleus of V TAO:0000456 teleost_anatomy ventral rectus TAO:0000457 teleost_anatomy ventral recti ventral thalamus TAO:0000458 prethalamus teleost_anatomy ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-060207-11 prethalamus ventromedial thalamic nucleus TAO:0000459 teleost_anatomy adipose fin actinotrichium Actinotrichium that is part of the adipose fin. TAO:0000460 teleost_anatomy Actinotrichium that is part of the adipose fin. TAO:wd Weberian ossicle Bone that is an element associated with a Weberian vertebra. TAO:0000461 Weberian ossicles teleost_anatomy Weberian ossicles Bone that is an element associated with a Weberian vertebra. ZFIN:curator abductor hyohyoid TAO:0000462 teleost_anatomy adductor TAO:0000463 teleost_anatomy otic lateral line One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000464 teleost_anatomy One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator adductor operculi TAO:0000465 teleost_anatomy anal depressor TAO:0000466 teleost_anatomy anguloarticular Dermal and endochondral compound bone that results from the fusion of the dermal angular and the endochondral articular and forms the posterior part of the lower jaw. It articulates with the dentary anteriorly and with the retroarticular postero-medially. The anguloarticular is paired. TAO:0000467 The presence of an anguloarticular is interpreted as a synapomorphy of the Clupeocephala (Patterson and Rosen, 1977; Arratia, 1999). angular angulo-articular articular teleost_anatomy Dermal and endochondral compound bone that results from the fusion of the dermal angular and the endochondral articular and forms the posterior part of the lower jaw. It articulates with the dentary anteriorly and with the retroarticular postero-medially. The anguloarticular is paired. ZFIN:curator anterior crista primordium TAO:0000468 anterior crista primordia teleost_anatomy anterior crista primordia anterior semicircular canal primordium TAO:0000469 anterior semicircular canal primordia teleost_anatomy anterior semicircular canal primordia preoptic area Area of the forebrain anterior to the posterior tuberculum and the hypothalamus and ventral to the ventral thalamus. See Figure 7, Atlas of Early Zebrafish Brain Development. TAO:0000470 area praeoptica area preoptica preoptic region teleost_anatomy Area of the forebrain anterior to the posterior tuberculum and the hypothalamus and ventral to the ventral thalamus. See Figure 7, Atlas of Early Zebrafish Brain Development. ZFIN:curator atrium One of four heart chambers. TAO:0000471 teleost_anatomy One of four heart chambers. ZFIN:curator basioccipital Chondral bone that articulates with the exoccipitals dorsally, the prootics anteriorly, the parasphenoid ventrally, and the first free vertebra posteriorly. The basioccipital forms the floor of the foramen magnum. The basioccipital is an unpaired medial bone. In some teleosts the anterior vertebral centra fuse to the basioccipital forming a monopartite occipital condyle. TAO:0000472 basinial (French) basinioste (French) basioccipital (French) teleost_anatomy PSPUB:0000164 basioccipital (French) Chondral bone that articulates with the exoccipitals dorsally, the prootics anteriorly, the parasphenoid ventrally, and the first free vertebra posteriorly. The basioccipital forms the floor of the foramen magnum. The basioccipital is an unpaired medial bone. TAO:GA_TG PSPUB:0000146 basinioste (French) PSPUB:0000135 basinial (French) trunk musculature TAO:0000473 body musculature teleost_anatomy intercalar Small membrane bone homologous with a cartilage bone in more basal fishes (Patterson, 1977). Situated between the exoccipital and the pterotic at point of attachment of short ligament that originates on the ventral arm of the posttemporal. TAO:0000474 opisthotic teleost_anatomy Small membrane bone homologous with a cartilage bone in more basal fishes (Patterson, 1977). Situated between the exoccipital and the pterotic at point of attachment of short ligament that originates on the ventral arm of the posttemporal. ZFIN:curator paraventricular organ TAO:0000475 teleost_anatomy branchiostegal ray Although the branchiostegals are articulated or attached to the hyoid arch, they belong to the opercular series. Branchiostegal rays are of variable shape and number and their homology is problematic. Usually they are numbered from anterior to posterior elements, instead from posterior to anteriorly considering that the last element of the series is consistently associated to the subopercle. For a survey of branchiostegal rays see Mc Allister (1968). Dermal bone that is a flattened element that supports the branchiostegal membrane. Branchiostegal rays are generally present in a series articulating ventrally or ventro-medially with the anterior and posterior ceratobranchials whereas the most posterior ray articulates with the subopercle. The branchiostegal ray is paired. TAO:0000476 branchiostegal rays teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that is a flattened element that supports the branchiostegal membrane. Branchiostegal rays are generally present in a series articulating ventrally or ventro-medially with the anterior and posterior ceratobranchials whereas the most posterior ray articulates with the subopercle. The branchiostegal ray is paired. ZFIN:curator branchiostegal rays posterior cardinal vein Continuation of the caudal vein cranial to the anal pore. The cardinal vein splits into a pair of vessels in the cranial trunk, just caudal to the radix of the aorta. The posterior cardinals each empty into the common cardinal vein. PCV TAO:0000477 axial vein caudal cardinal veins postcardinal vein teleost_anatomy Continuation of the caudal vein cranial to the anal pore. The cardinal vein splits into a pair of vessels in the cranial trunk, just caudal to the radix of the aorta. The posterior cardinals each empty into the common cardinal vein. ZFIN:curator caudal mesencephalo-cerebellar tract TAO:0000479 teleost_anatomy caudal octavolateralis nucleus TAO:0000480 teleost_anatomy caudal preglomerular nucleus TAO:0000481 teleost_anatomy caudal tuberal nucleus TAO:0000482 posterior tuberal nucleus teleost_anatomy celiacomesenteric artery TAO:0000484 teleost_anatomy central nucleus inferior lobe TAO:0000485 central nucleus inferior lobes teleost_anatomy central nucleus inferior lobes parietal bone Dermal bone that covers the otic region and may articulate with its antimere medially, with the frontal bone anteriorly, the pterotic laterally, the supraoccipital medio-posteriorly, and the epiotic and extrascapula latero-posteriorly. The parietal is a paired bone. TAO:0000486 The parietal is a flat, commonly squarish or rectangular bone. parietals postparietal teleost_anatomy parietals Dermal bone that covers the otic region and may articulate with its antimere medially, with the frontal bone anteriorly, the pterotic laterally, the supraoccipital medio-posteriorly, and the epiotic and extrascapula latero-posteriorly. The parietal is a paired bone. TAO:GA_TG central zone of D TAO:0000487 teleost_anatomy ceratobranchial bone Endochondral bone that is bilaterally paired and forms part of the ventral branchial arches. TAO:0000488 ceratobranchials teleost_anatomy Endochondral bone that is bilaterally paired and forms part of the ventral branchial arches. ZFIN:curator ceratobranchials commissura cerebelli TAO:0000490 teleost_anatomy commissure of the caudal tuberculum TAO:0000491 teleost_anatomy coracoradialis TAO:0000492 teleost_anatomy decussation of medial funicular nucleus TAO:0000493 teleost_anatomy deep white zone TAO:0000494 teleost_anatomy infraorbital 5 Infraorbital that is the fifth bone of the infraorbital series. TAO:0000495 dermosphenotic teleost_anatomy Infraorbital that is the fifth bone of the infraorbital series. ZFIN:curator compound organ Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more multi-tissue structures of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona fide boundaries from other distinct anatomical structures of different types. CARO:0000024 CARO:0000024 TAO:0000496 organ teleost_anatomy true Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more multi-tissue structures of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona fide boundaries from other distinct anatomical structures of different types. ZFIN:curator pelvic adductor profundus TAO:0000497 teleost_anatomy dilator operculi TAO:0000498 teleost_anatomy dorsal arrector TAO:0000499 teleost_anatomy dorsal erector TAO:0000500 teleost_anatomy dorsal funiculus TAO:0000501 teleost_anatomy dorsal motor nucleus trigeminal nerve TAO:0000502 motor nucleus V nV teleost_anatomy dorsal oblique branchial muscle TAO:0000503 dorsal oblique branchial muscles teleost_anatomy dorsal oblique branchial muscles dorsal retractor TAO:0000504 teleost_anatomy dorsal telencephalon TAO:0000505 teleost_anatomy dorsal zone of D TAO:0000506 teleost_anatomy epineural Some or all epineural bones ossify free from the neural arches in most teleosts. In some lower teleosts, e.g., Leptolepis, Hiodon, elopiforms and albuliforms, ossification proceeds from the attachment point of the ligament to the arch, and the epineural is a process of the neural arch. In many lower teleosts epineurals are forked proximally. TAO:0000507 teleost_anatomy Some or all epineural bones ossify free from the neural arches in most teleosts. In some lower teleosts, e.g., Leptolepis, Hiodon, elopiforms and albuliforms, ossification proceeds from the attachment point of the ligament to the arch, and the epineural is a process of the neural arch. In many lower teleosts epineurals are forked proximally. ZFIN:curator pelvic fin radial Pelvic fin radials are internal skeletal supports of the pelvic fin. TAO:0000508 pelvic actinost pelvic radial teleost_anatomy Pelvic fin radials are internal skeletal supports of the pelvic fin. TAO:wd epithalamus TAO:0000509 teleost_anatomy external levatores TAO:0000510 teleost_anatomy extraocular musculature TAO:0000511 teleost_anatomy facial lobe TAO:0000512 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cell somite 1 TAO:0000513 fast muscle cells somite 1 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 1 frontal bone Dermal bone that bears part of the supraorbital canal and usually covers a large area of the neurocranium occupying part of the ethmoidal, orbitosphenoid, and otic regions. Commonly, the frontal bone articulates with its antimere medially, with lateral ethmoid, orbitosphenoid and pterosphenoid ventrolaterally, with supraorbital bone(s), autosphenotic and pterotic laterally, and with parietal posteriorly. TAO:0000514 The frontal bone may be paired or unpaired. The frontal bone of actinopterygians is homologous to the parietal of tetrapods. Actinopterygians do not have a frontal bone. For details, see Schultze (2008) and Wiley (2008). frontals teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that bears part of the supraorbital canal and usually covers a large area of the neurocranium occupying part of the ethmoidal, orbitosphenoid, and otic regions. Commonly, the frontal bone articulates with its antimere medially, with lateral ethmoid, orbitosphenoid and pterosphenoid ventrolaterally, with supraorbital bone(s), autosphenotic and pterotic laterally, and with parietal posteriorly. ZFIN:curator frontals periventricular grey zone TAO:0000516 teleost_anatomy glossopharyngeal lobe TAO:0000517 teleost_anatomy griseum centrale TAO:0000518 teleost_anatomy hemal arch Hemal arches extend ventrally from the centra of caudal and transitional vertebrae to enclose the caudal artery and vein. In cyprinids, the hemal arch forms directly in membrane bone. TAO:0000519 haemal arch teleost_anatomy ventral arcocentrum Hemal arches extend ventrally from the centra of caudal and transitional vertebrae to enclose the caudal artery and vein. In cyprinids, the hemal arch forms directly in membrane bone. ZFIN:curator horizontal commissure TAO:0000520 teleost_anatomy hyoid muscle TAO:0000521 hyoid muscles teleost_anatomy hyoid muscles inferior hyohyoid TAO:0000522 teleost_anatomy inferior reticular formation TAO:0000523 teleost_anatomy infraorbital lateral line One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000524 teleost_anatomy One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator intercalarium Neural arch and Weberian ossicle that has been modified in shape relative to other neural arches. Intercalarium includes three parts: an anterolateral process (the manubrium) which is embedded in the interossicular ligament and the ascending and articulating processes. TAO:0000525 Weberian ossicle 3 teleost_anatomy third Weberian ossicle Neural arch and Weberian ossicle that has been modified in shape relative to other neural arches. Intercalarium includes three parts: an anterolateral process (the manubrium) which is embedded in the interossicular ligament and the ascending and articulating processes. ZFIN:curator intermuscular bone Axial bone which is a segmental ossification that forms in the myoseptum. Intermuscular bones are found in teleosts fishes only. TAO:0000526 métamyoste (French) métaxymyoste (French) os intermusculaire (French) teleost_anatomy PSPUB:0000147 métamyoste (French) Axial bone which is a segmental ossification that forms in the myoseptum. ZFIN:curator PSPUB:0000164 os intermusculaire (French) PSPUB:0000153 métaxymyoste (French) pharyngobranchial bone Endochondral bone of the branchial arches located medial to the epibranchials. TAO:0000527 infrapharyngobranchial pharyngobranchials teleost_anatomy pharyngobranchials Endochondral bone of the branchial arches located medial to the epibranchials. ZFIN:curator interradialis TAO:0000528 teleost_anatomy kidney TAO:0000529 teleost_anatomy lapillus TAO:0000530 teleost_anatomy utricular otolith utriculith lateral column TAO:0000531 teleost_anatomy lateral division TAO:0000532 teleost_anatomy lateral funiculus TAO:0000533 teleost_anatomy lateral longitudinal fasciculus TAO:0000198 TAO:0000534 lateral longitundinal fasciculus teleost_anatomy lateral reticular nucleus TAO:0000535 teleost_anatomy lateral zone of D TAO:0000536 teleost_anatomy levator operculi TAO:0000537 teleost_anatomy rib Endochondral bone that is intersegmental and rod-shaped, forming in the peritoneal membrane and attached to the vertebral parapophyses. Ribs protect and support internal organs. TAO:0000538 dorsal rib pleural rib ribs teleost_anatomy Endochondral bone that is intersegmental and rod-shaped, forming in the peritoneal membrane and attached to the vertebral parapophyses. Ribs protect and support internal organs. ZFIN:curator ribs locus coeruleus TAO:0000539 teleost_anatomy magnocellular octaval nucleus TAO:0000540 teleost_anatomy marginal blastomere Cells (incompletely cleaved before the YSL forms), located at the surface just at the rim of the blastodisc, external to the deep blastomeres. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000541 marginal blastomeres teleost_anatomy Cells (incompletely cleaved before the YSL forms), located at the surface just at the rim of the blastodisc, external to the deep blastomeres. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator marginal blastomeres medial column TAO:0000542 teleost_anatomy medial longitudinal fasciculus TAO:0000543 teleost_anatomy pectoral fin actinotrichium Actinotrichium that is part of the pectoral fin. TAO:0000544 teleost_anatomy Actinotrichium that is part of the pectoral fin. TAO:wd medulla oblongata TAO:0000545 teleost_anatomy mesonephric duct TAO:0000546 Wolffian duct teleost_anatomy mouth TAO:0000547 teleost_anatomy musculature system TAO:0000548 VSAO:0000033 muscle muscles teleost_anatomy true posttemporal Dermal bone of the secondary pectoral girdle that attaches the girdle to the skull. Its dorsal process attaches to the epiotic or epioccipital, the ventral process to the intercalar and the body articulates with the supracleithrum. The postotic sensory canal or lateral line runs within or lateral to bone. TAO:0000549 The posttemporal is commonly a Y-shaped bone with two elongate processes. The dorsal process may be equal or longer than the ventral process or the opposite. The ventral process may be absent in some teleosts. post-temporal postemporal posttemporale suprascapula teleost_anatomy Dermal bone of the secondary pectoral girdle that attaches the girdle to the skull. Its dorsal process attaches to the epiotic or epioccipital, the ventral process to the intercalar and the body articulates with the supracleithrum. The postotic sensory canal or lateral line runs within or lateral to bone. TAO:GA_TG naris TAO:0000550 nares nostril nostrils teleost_anatomy nostrils nares nucleus lateralis valvulae TAO:0000551 teleost_anatomy nucleus ruber TAO:0000552 teleost_anatomy oculomotor nucleus TAO:0000553 motor nucleus III nIII teleost_anatomy olfactory epithelium Nasal epithelium wherein ciliated olfactory receptor neurons, supporting cells, and basal cells are located. TAO:0000554 nasal epithelium nasal sensory epithelium teleost_anatomy Nasal epithelium wherein ciliated olfactory receptor neurons, supporting cells, and basal cells are located. ZFIN:curator opercular flap TAO:0000555 gill cover opercular apparatus operculum teleost_anatomy optic chiasm TAO:0000556 teleost_anatomy preural 1 vertebra Last caudal vertebra identified as the point at which the caudal vessels bifurcate, leaving the protection of the haemal arches of the caudal vertebrae and running laterally to the hypurals. This vertebra bears, commonly, a well-developed haemal arch and its spine (parhypural). TAO:0000557 The haemal arch may be fused to the centrum or not. In contrast, the neural arch and spine may be well developed, or rudimentary or absent in different teleost subgroups. penultimate vertebra preural centrum 1 pu1 second last vertebra teleost_anatomy Last caudal vertebra identified as the point at which the caudal vessels bifurcate, leaving the protection of the haemal arches of the caudal vertebrae and running laterally to the hypurals. This vertebra bears, commonly, a well-developed haemal arch and its spine (parhypural). TAO:GA_TG posterior macula Patches of thickened, pseudostratified epithelium of the inner ear, consisting of regular arrays of sensory hair cells interspersed with supporting cells. Each patch has its own charcteristic shape and polarity pattern. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000558 pm posteromedial macula sensory patch teleost_anatomy Patches of thickened, pseudostratified epithelium of the inner ear, consisting of regular arrays of sensory hair cells interspersed with supporting cells. Each patch has its own charcteristic shape and polarity pattern. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator otolith organ TAO:0000559 otolith organs teleost_anatomy otolith organs oviduct TAO:0000560 teleost_anatomy parasphenoid Dermal bone that forms part of the base of the skull and the lateral walls of the braincase through its ascending processes. It may articulate with the vomer anteriorly, the prootics and exoccipitals laterally, and the basioccipital posteriorly. The parasphenoid is an elongate median bone. TAO:0000561 teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that forms part of the base of the skull and the lateral walls of the braincase through its ascending processes. It may articulate with the vomer anteriorly, the prootics and exoccipitals laterally, and the basioccipital posteriorly. The parasphenoid is an elongate median bone. TAO:GA_TG pectoral fin musculature TAO:0000563 pectoral fin muscle teleost_anatomy pelvic abductor profundus TAO:0000564 teleost_anatomy pelvic girdle Anatomical cluster that consists of the paired basipterygia which support the pelvic fin. TAO:0000565 VSAO:0000155 teleost_anatomy true Anatomical cluster that consists of the paired basipterygia which support the pelvic fin. TAO:wd posterior crista Patches of thickened, pseudostratified epithelium of the inner ear, consisting of regular arrays of sensory hair cells interspersed with supporting cells. Each patch has its own charcteristic shape and polarity pattern. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000478 TAO:0000566 caudal crista pc posterior crista ampullaris posterior cristae sensory patch sensory patches teleost_anatomy posterior cristae Patches of thickened, pseudostratified epithelium of the inner ear, consisting of regular arrays of sensory hair cells interspersed with supporting cells. Each patch has its own charcteristic shape and polarity pattern. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator premaxilla Dermal bone that forms the anteriormost element of the upper jaw. It articulates with the maxilla posterodorsally and its antimere medially. The premaxilla is paired. TAO:0000567 premaxillae teleost_anatomy premaxillae Dermal bone that forms the anteriormost element of the upper jaw. It articulates with the maxilla posterodorsally and its antimere medially. The premaxilla is paired. ZFIN:curator presumptive blood TAO:0000568 teleost_anatomy presumptive hindbrain TAO:0000569 presumptive rhombencephalon teleost_anatomy optic primordium TAO:0000021 TAO:0000570 eye field teleost_anatomy presumptive telencephalon TAO:0000571 teleost_anatomy internal cellular layer TAO:0000573 teleost_anatomy presumptive diencephalon TAO:0000574 teleost_anatomy prootic Endochondral bone that sutures with the pterosphenoid anteriorly, the sphenotic and pterotic dorsally, the parasphenoid ventrally, the basioccipital postero-ventrally, the exoccipital posteriorly, and occasionally, with the intercalar posteriorly. The dorsal edge of the prootic contributes to the hyomandibular facet. The prootic bears foramina that accommodate branches of the trigeminal and facial nerves. The prootic is a paired bone. TAO:0000575 prootics teleost_anatomy Endochondral bone that sutures with the pterosphenoid anteriorly, the sphenotic and pterotic dorsally, the parasphenoid ventrally, the basioccipital postero-ventrally, the exoccipital posteriorly, and occasionally, with the intercalar posteriorly. The dorsal edge of the prootic contributes to the hyomandibular facet. The prootic bears foramina that accommodate branches of the trigeminal and facial nerves. The prootic is a paired bone. TAO:GA_TG prootics pterotic Endochondral bone that articulates with the autosphenotic anteriorly, the parietal dorsomedially, the prootic ventrally (and the intercalar occasionally), and the epiotic and exoccipital posteriorly. The pterotic encloses the horizontal semicircular canal of the inner ear. The lower edge of the pterotic contributes to the hyomandibular facet. The pterotic is paired. TAO:0000576 autopterotic teleost_anatomy Endochondral bone that articulates with the autosphenotic anteriorly, the parietal dorsomedially, the prootic ventrally (and the intercalar occasionally), and the epiotic and exoccipital posteriorly. The pterotic encloses the horizontal semicircular canal of the inner ear. The lower edge of the pterotic contributes to the hyomandibular facet. The pterotic is paired. ZFIN:curator renal portal vein TAO:0000577 teleost_anatomy anterior ceratohyal Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with the hypohyal cartilage or bone, dorsal and ventral hypohyals, and posterior ceratohyal posteriorly. TAO:0000578 anterohyal anterohyals ceratohyal ceratohyal anterior ceratohyal bone ceratohyals distal ceratohyal rostral ceratohyal teleost_anatomy anterohyals Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with the hypohyal cartilage or bone, dorsal and ventral hypohyals, and posterior ceratohyal posteriorly. ZFIN:curator ceratohyals rostral mesencephalo-cerebellar tract TAO:0000579 teleost_anatomy rostral preglomerular nucleus TAO:0000580 teleost_anatomy rostral tuberal nucleus TAO:0000581 anterior tuberal nucleus teleost_anatomy saccus dorsalis TAO:0000582 teleost_anatomy scapula Endochondral bone that is located medial to the cleithrum, and articulates ventrally with the coracoid, medially with the mesocoracoid when the later is present and posteriorly with the upper one to three proximal radials. The scapula develops from the scapulocoracoid cartilage and belongs to the primary pectoral girdle. It may be perforated by the scapular foramen or it may be notched ventrally and forms together with a similar notch of the coracoid the scapulocoracoid foramen. TAO:0000583 VSAO:0000157 hypercoracoïde (French) hypercoracoïdeum (French) scapula (French) scapulas teleost_anatomy true PSPUB:0000164 scapula (French) PSPUB:0000111 hypercoracoïde (French) Endochondral bone that is located medial to the cleithrum, and articulates ventrally with the coracoid, medially with the mesocoracoid when the later is present and posteriorly with the upper one to three proximal radials. The scapula develops from the scapulocoracoid cartilage and belongs to the primary pectoral girdle. It may be perforated by the scapular foramen or it may be notched ventrally and forms together with a similar notch of the coracoid the scapulocoracoid foramen. TAO:GA_TG TAO:wd PSPUB:0000132 hypercoracoïdeum (French) scapulas kinethmoid cartilage Cranial cartilage which is a small median cartilage located between the premaxillae and anterodorsal to the ethmoid. TAO:0000585 kinethmoideum cartilage teleost_anatomy Cranial cartilage which is a small median cartilage located between the premaxillae and anterodorsal to the ethmoid. ZFIN:curator preural 2 vertebra TAO:0000586 Vertebra anterior to preural centrum 1; sometimes termed the 'antepenultimate' vertebra. Mabee and Bird, 2001. antepenultimate vertebra preural centrum 2 pu2 teleost_anatomy third last vertebra Vertebra anterior to preural centrum 1; sometimes termed the 'antepenultimate' vertebra. Mabee and Bird, 2001. ZFIN:curator sphenotic Endochondral bone that sutures with the pterosphenoid anteriorly, the prootic ventrally, the frontal bone dorso-medially, and the pterotic dorso-posteriorly. Occasionally the sphenotic sutures with the parietal bone. The sphenotic separates the orbital from the otic region. The sphenotic bears a large antero-lateral or lateral or ventro-lateral process that borders the postero-dorsal margin of the orbit. The sphenotic is a paired bone. TAO:0000587 The lower edge of the sphenotic may contribute to the hyomandibular facet depending on the fish group. autosphenotic sphenotics teleost_anatomy sphenotics Endochondral bone that sutures with the pterosphenoid anteriorly, the prootic ventrally, the frontal bone dorso-medially, and the pterotic dorso-posteriorly. Occasionally the sphenotic sutures with the parietal bone. The sphenotic separates the orbital from the otic region. The sphenotic bears a large antero-lateral or lateral or ventro-lateral process that borders the postero-dorsal margin of the orbit. The sphenotic is a paired bone. ZFIN:curator statoacoustic (VIII) ganglion TAO:0000588 The sensory ganglion of the ear. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for statoacoustic ganglion by T. Whitfield.) auditory ganglion gVIII sag statoacoustic ganglia teleost_anatomy statoacoustic ganglia The sensory ganglion of the ear. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for statoacoustic ganglion by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator sulcus ypsiloniformis TAO:0000589 teleost_anatomy oral region TAO:0000590 teleost_anatomy presumptive paraxial mesoderm TAO:0000591 teleost_anatomy superficial pelvic adductor TAO:0000592 teleost_anatomy superior reticular formation medial column TAO:0000593 teleost_anatomy supracleithrum Dermal bone that articulates dorsally with the posttemporal and ventrally with the cleithrum. Supracleithrum is part of the secondary pectoral girdle and commonly, carries part of the lateral line canal. TAO:0000594 The dorsalmost postcleithrum or postcleithrum 1 may lie medial to the ventral part of the supracleithrum. The postotic canal or lateral line may run close to the dorsal margin or in the upper third or in the lowest third of the bone depending on the fish group. hypercleithrum (French) supracleithra supracleithrum (French) teleost_anatomy épiclithrum (French) PSPUB:0000164 supracleithrum (French) supracleithra PSPUB:0000131 hypercleithrum (French) Dermal bone that articulates dorsally with the posttemporal and ventrally with the cleithrum. Supracleithrum is part of the secondary pectoral girdle and commonly, carries part of the lateral line canal. TAO:GA_TG TAO:wd PSPUB:0000132 épiclithrum (French) supraoccipital Endochondral bone that is located at the dorsal part of the occipital region of the cranium or the dorso-posterior part of the skull. It forms the dorsal margin of the foramen magnum. Commonly the supraoccipital articulates with the parietals anteriorly, the epiotics laterally, and the exoccipitals posteroventrally. The supraoccipital is an unpaired median bone. TAO:0000595 acrinial (French) acrinioste (French) supraoccipital (French) teleost_anatomy PSPUB:0000150 acrinioste (French) Endochondral bone that is located at the dorsal part of the occipital region of the cranium or the dorso-posterior part of the skull. It forms the dorsal margin of the foramen magnum. Commonly the supraoccipital articulates with the parietals anteriorly, the epiotics laterally, and the exoccipitals posteroventrally. The supraoccipital is an unpaired median bone. TAO:GA_TG PSPUB:0000143 acrinial (French) pelvic fin actinotrichium Actinotrichium that is part of the pelvic fin. TAO:0000596 teleost_anatomy Actinotrichium that is part of the pelvic fin. TAO:wd telencephalic tracts TAO:0000597 teleost_anatomy testis Male reproductive organ. TAO:0000598 teleost_anatomy testes Male reproductive organ. ZFIN:curator testes torus semicircularis TAO:0000599 teleost_anatomy cranial nerve IV CN-IV TAO:0000600 teleost_anatomy trochlear trochlear nerve pretectal periventricular nucleus TAO:0000601 teleost_anatomy uroneural Neural arch that extends along the dorso-lateral surface of the last preural centra and/or ural centra and the notochord (Arratia & Schultze, 1992). An uroneural develops as a modification of the neural arch of an ural centrum (Patterson, 1968). The series of uroneurals may include from 7 to 1 elements that are numbered from rostrad to caudad. An uroneural is a paired membrane bone. TAO:0000602 The presence of modified ural neural arches or uroneurals is interpreted as a synapomorphy of Teleostei. Uroneurals present some modifications in certain teleost subgroups and such specialized structures are named pleurostyle (e.g., ostarioclupeomorphs) and stegural (e.g., salmonids). teleost_anatomy uroneurals uroneurals Neural arch that extends along the dorso-lateral surface of the last preural centra and/or ural centra and the notochord (Arratia & Schultze, 1992). An uroneural develops as a modification of the neural arch of an ural centrum (Patterson, 1968). The series of uroneurals may include from 7 to 1 elements that are numbered from rostrad to caudad. An uroneural is a paired membrane bone. TAO:Arratia_Schultze_1992 TAO:Patterson_1968 valvula cerebelli TAO:0000603 teleost_anatomy valvula cerebellum ventral aorta Outflow artery from the heart to the aortic arches. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000604 teleost_anatomy Outflow artery from the heart to the aortic arches. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator ventral funiculus TAO:0000605 teleost_anatomy ventral oblique branchial muscle TAO:0000606 teleost_anatomy ventral oblique branchial muscles ventral oblique branchial muscles ventral rhombencephalic commissure brain stem TAO:0000607 teleost_anatomy ventral transverse TAO:0000608 teleost_anatomy ventrolateral nucleus TAO:0000609 teleost_anatomy vertical myoseptum Connective tissue partitions developing between the myotomes. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000610 teleost_anatomy transverse myoseptum Connective tissue partitions developing between the myotomes. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator visceromotor column TAO:0000611 teleost_anatomy protractor hyoidei Muscle located on ventral side of the head, linking the ventral hyoid arch to the dentary. Innervated by ramus mandibularis V and ramus hyoides VII. Source: Winterbottom, R. 1973. A Descriptive Synonymy of the Striated Muscles of the Teleostei. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Vol. 125 (1973), pp. 225-317. TAO:0000612 geniohyoideus teleost_anatomy Muscle located on ventral side of the head, linking the ventral hyoid arch to the dentary. Innervated by ramus mandibularis V and ramus hyoides VII. TAO:wd abductor profundus TAO:0000614 teleost_anatomy adductor arcus palatini TAO:0000615 teleost_anatomy adductor profundus TAO:0000616 teleost_anatomy anal erector TAO:0000617 teleost_anatomy ansulate commissure TAO:0000618 teleost_anatomy anterior crista Patches of thickened, pseudostratified epithelium of the inner ear, consisting of regular arrays of sensory hair cells interspersed with supporting cells. Each patch has its own charcteristic shape and polarity pattern. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000273 TAO:0000619 ac anterior crista ampullaris anterior cristae rostral crista sensory patch sensory patches teleost_anatomy anterior cristae Patches of thickened, pseudostratified epithelium of the inner ear, consisting of regular arrays of sensory hair cells interspersed with supporting cells. Each patch has its own charcteristic shape and polarity pattern. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator autopalatine Endochondral bone that is part of the antero-lateral region of the palate. Commonly, it articulates with the maxilla anterolaterally and with the ethmoidal region medially. It may also articulate with the dermopalatine ventro-laterally and with the entopterygoid posteriorly. The autopalatine is paired. TAO:0000620 The cartilaginous autopalatine forms from the anterior palatoquadrate arch. Possession of a dorsomedial process, which abuts the ethmoid, is a unique feature shared by Cypriniformes (Fink and Fink, 1981). The palatine has two components, the autopalatine (derived from pars autopalatine) and the dermal component having teeth, the dermopalatine Arratia & Schultze 1990. The element in cypriniforms is only the cartilage part, so that it is more correct to name it autopalatine and not as palatine in general that it implies a fusion of elements (as in perciforms). palatine bone palatines teleost_anatomy palatines Endochondral bone that is part of the antero-lateral region of the palate. Commonly, it articulates with the maxilla anterolaterally and with the ethmoidal region medially. It may also articulate with the dermopalatine ventro-laterally and with the entopterygoid posteriorly. The autopalatine is paired. ZFIN:curator quadrate Endochondral bone that commonly articulates with the ectopterygoid anteriorly, the metapterygoid dorsally, and the symplectic postero-medially. The quadrate is formed from the posterior part of the palatoquadrate cartilage, or pars quadrata. The quadrate is a paired bone. TAO:0000621 The quadrate commonly has a triangular shape, with its lower vertex, or condyle, for articulation with the lower jaw, and an elongate postero-ventral or postero-dorsal elongate process. The presence of an elongate postero-ventral or postero-dorsal process is a synapomorphy of teleosts (Arratia and Schultze, 1990; Arratia, 1999). teleost_anatomy Endochondral bone that commonly articulates with the ectopterygoid anteriorly, the metapterygoid dorsally, and the symplectic postero-medially. The quadrate is formed from the posterior part of the palatoquadrate cartilage, or pars quadrata. The quadrate is a paired bone. TAO:GA_TG barbel Surface structure which is a tactile structure found in the branchial region. Barbels are covered with epidermis rich in taste buds, and are innervated by branches of the cranial nerves. TAO:0000622 barbels barble teleost_anatomy Surface structure which is a tactile structure found in the branchial region. Barbels are covered with epidermis rich in taste buds, and are innervated by branches of the cranial nerves. ZFIN:curator barbels basipterygium Endochondral bone that is paired and supports the pelvic fin. The basipterygium has a posteromedial process called the ischiac process (Wietzman 1962). TAO:0000623 basipterygia basiptérygium ischiatique (French) os pelvien (French) pelvic bone teleost_anatomy Endochondral bone that is paired and supports the pelvic fin. The basipterygium has a posteromedial process called the ischiac process (Wietzman 1962). TAO:wd PSPUB:0000164 os pelvien (French) basipterygia PSPUB:0000145 basiptérygium ischiatique (French) brachium conjunctivum TAO:0000624 brachium conjunctivium teleost_anatomy bulbo-spinal tract TAO:0000626 teleost_anatomy posterior ceratohyal Posterohyal is used in Rapp Py Daniel (1997). Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates anteriorly with the anterior ceratohyal. TAO:0000627 caudal ceratohyal epihyal posterohyal proximal ceratohyal teleost_anatomy Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates anteriorly with the anterior ceratohyal. ZFIN:curator caudal fin musculature TAO:0000628 teleost_anatomy caudal motor nucleus TAO:0000629 teleost_anatomy caudal parvocellular preoptic nucleus TAO:0000630 teleost_anatomy caudal pretectal nucleus TAO:0000631 teleost_anatomy reproductive system TAO:0000632 teleost_anatomy caudal tuberculum TAO:0000633 posterior tubercle posterior tuberculum teleost_anatomy caudal zone TAO:0000634 teleost_anatomy central pretectal nucleus TAO:0000635 teleost_anatomy cerebellar crest TAO:0000636 teleost_anatomy claustrum cartilage Postcranial axial cartilage and Weberian ossicle that is located dorsal to the scaphium. The claustrum cartilage is bilaterally paired. TAO:0000637 first Weberian ossicle teleost_anatomy Postcranial axial cartilage and Weberian ossicle that is located dorsal to the scaphium. The claustrum cartilage is bilaterally paired. ZFIN:curator commissura rostral, pars dorsalis TAO:0000638 teleost_anatomy commissure of the secondary gustatory nuclei TAO:0000639 teleost_anatomy cornea TAO:0000640 teleost_anatomy cranial nerve TAO:0000641 Twelve pairs of cranial nerves exit/enter the cranium through openings in the skull. The nerves contain efferent axons with motor and glandular functions, as well as afferent axons from cranial ganglia with sensory functions. The nerves are numbered in a rostral to caudal sequence, with the exception of the lateral line nerves. cranial nerves teleost_anatomy cranial nerves Twelve pairs of cranial nerves exit/enter the cranium through openings in the skull. The nerves contain efferent axons with motor and glandular functions, as well as afferent axons from cranial ganglia with sensory functions. The nerves are numbered in a rostral to caudal sequence, with the exception of the lateral line nerves. ZFIN:curator decussation of the medial octavolateralis nucleus TAO:0000642 teleost_anatomy rostral cerebellar tract TAO:0000643 teleost_anatomy dental plate TAO:0000644 teleost_anatomy descending octaval nucleus TAO:0000645 teleost_anatomy anal fin distal radial Rod-like internal median skeletal support bones of the anal fin, which articulate with the lepidotrichia distally. TAO:0000646 distal anal fin radial teleost_anatomy Rod-like internal median skeletal support bones of the anal fin, which articulate with the lepidotrichia distally. ZFIN:curator dorsal caudal thalamic nucleus TAO:0000647 dorsal posterior thalamic nucleus teleost_anatomy dorsal fin musculature TAO:0000648 teleost_anatomy dorsal horn spinal cord TAO:0000649 teleost_anatomy dorsal motor root of V TAO:0000650 teleost_anatomy dorsal pelvic arrector TAO:0000651 teleost_anatomy dorsal root TAO:0000652 teleost_anatomy dorsal thalamus TAO:0000653 teleost_anatomy thalamus ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-060207-11 thalamus rostral motor nucleus TAO:0000654 teleost_anatomy dorsomedial optic tract TAO:0000655 teleost_anatomy ectopterygoid Dermal bone that forms the lateral border of the palate and articulates with the quadrate posteriorly, the entopterygoid medially and the dermopalatine and/or autopalatine antero-laterally. The ectopterygoid is a paired bone. TAO:0000656 The ectopterygoid is often toothed. teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that forms the lateral border of the palate and articulates with the quadrate posteriorly, the entopterygoid medially and the dermopalatine and/or autopalatine antero-laterally. The ectopterygoid is a paired bone. TAO:ga_tg ZFIN:curator entopterygoid Dermal bone that forms the ventro-medial part of the palate and the antero-ventral and ventral wall of the orbit. The entopterygoid is a paired bone. TAO:0000657 endopterygoid mesopterygoid teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that forms the ventro-medial part of the palate and the antero-ventral and ventral wall of the orbit. The entopterygoid is a paired bone. TAO:GA_TG epibranchial bone Dorsal branchial arch bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial cartilage or bone and medially with pharyngobranchial cartilage or bone. TAO:0000658 epibranchial bones teleost_anatomy epibranchial bones Dorsal branchial arch bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial cartilage or bone and medially with pharyngobranchial cartilage or bone. ZFIN:curator epural epiural apophysis A free, modified neural spine of a preural or a ural vertebra that is placed between the last developed neural spine of a preural centrum and the dorsal axis (= anterior margin of first uroneural) of the caudal skeleton . An epural commonly supports one or more dorsal procurrent rays. An epural is an unpaired median perichondrally ossified bone. TAO:0000660 The origin of the epurals is unclear, three hypotheses have been proposed: 1) The epurals are modified radials or dorsal radials; 2) the epurals are detached neural spines and may support fin rays; and 3) the epurals are a serial homologue of the supraneuralia. At least in teleosts the epural is a detached neural spine. For details see Schultze and Arratia (1989) and Arratia and Schultze (1992). epiural epurals teleost_anatomy éphural (French) épural (French) PSPUB:0000138 éphural (French) PSPUB:0000164 épural (French) epurals A free, modified neural spine of a preural or a ural vertebra that is placed between the last developed neural spine of a preural centrum and the dorsal axis (= anterior margin of first uroneural) of the caudal skeleton . An epural commonly supports one or more dorsal procurrent rays. An epural is an unpaired median perichondrally ossified bone. TAO:Arratia and Schultze_1992 exoccipital Endochondral bone that articulates with the epiotic dorsally, the pterotic and intercalar laterally and the basioccipital medio-ventrally. The exoccipitals form the lateral borders of the foramen magnum and houses the foramina for the passage of the vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves, X and IX respectively. The exoccipital is a paired bone. In some teleosts the exoccipital dorsally contacts the supraoccipital directly or through connective tissue. TAO:0000661 exoccipital (French) exoccipitals occipital latéral (French) pleurinial (French) pleurinioste (French) teleost_anatomy Endochondral bone that articulates with the epiotic dorsally, the pterotic and intercalar laterally and the basioccipital medio-ventrally. The exoccipitals form the lateral borders of the foramen magnum and houses the foramina for the passage of the vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves, X and IX respectively. The exoccipital is a paired bone. TAO:GA_TG PSPUB:0000141 occipital latéral (French) PSPUB:0000146 pleurinioste (French) PSPUB:0000164 exoccipital (French) PSPUB:0000141 pleurinial (French) exoccipitals external pharyngoclavicularis TAO:0000662 teleost_anatomy extrascapula Dermal canal-bearing bone placed at the dorso-posterior region of the skull roof, lying on the posterior region of the pterotic and parietals, or the pterotic and epioccipital, or on the pterotic, epioccipital and occipital bones. TAO:0000663 TAO:0001413 When it is present, the paired series of extrascapular bones may include one pair or two pairs or two pairs plus a median one. The most lateral is named lateral extrascapula and is the bone where the intersection of the otic, postotic and extrascapular or supratemporal canals occur. The medial and median extrascapulars carry the extrascapular or supratemporal canal. extrascapular extrascapular bone scale bone supratemporal tabular teleost_anatomy Dermal canal-bearing bone placed at the dorso-posterior region of the skull roof, lying on the posterior region of the pterotic and parietals, or the pterotic and epioccipital, or on the pterotic, epioccipital and occipital bones. TAO:GA_TG TAO:wd TAO:Harrington_1955 TAO:Weitzman_1962 tabular cranial nerve VII CN-VII TAO:0000664 facial nerve teleost_anatomy rostral root of abducens nerve TAO:0000665 teleost_anatomy filamental artery TAO:0000666 filamental arteries teleost_anatomy filamental arteries gill filament Branched region of the gill where respiratory exchange takes place. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000667 teleost_anatomy Branched region of the gill where respiratory exchange takes place. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator cranial nerve IX CN-IX TAO:0000668 glossopharyngeal nerve teleost_anatomy head kidney TAO:0000669 The zebrafish head kidney consists of fused bilateral lobes located in the anterior part of the kidney. It is analogous to the mammalian bone marrow and the primary site of definitive hematopoiesis. Davidson and Zon 2004. anterior kidney kidney marrow teleost_anatomy The zebrafish head kidney consists of fused bilateral lobes located in the anterior part of the kidney. It is analogous to the mammalian bone marrow and the primary site of definitive hematopoiesis. Davidson and Zon 2004. ZFIN:curator hepatic vein TAO:0000670 hepatic veins teleost_anatomy hepatic veins horizontal myoseptum A connective tissue partition developing at the apex of the chevron-shaped myotome and separating dorsal (epaxial) and ventral (hypaxial) body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000671 teleost_anatomy A connective tissue partition developing at the apex of the chevron-shaped myotome and separating dorsal (epaxial) and ventral (hypaxial) body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator hyomandibula In most teleosts, there is a symplectic, and the hyomandibula articulates with it anteroventrally. Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with the neurocranium dorsally and the opercle posteriorly. TAO:0000672 hyomandibular teleost_anatomy Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with the neurocranium dorsally and the opercle posteriorly. ZFIN:curator hypobranchial artery A pair of HA are connect one to each AA1. They run rostromedially until at the extreme rostro-ventral midline the two vessels merge and then run straight caudally along the ventral midline until they reach the cranial end of the ventral aorta (VA). There, the single HA passes just dorsal to the rostral end of the VA and then immediately splits again into a pair of HA. The paired HA continue caudally just to either side of the ventral midline. The HA provide blood supply to the ventral branchial region and the heart.sogai et al. 2001. HA TAO:0000673 teleost_anatomy A pair of HA are connect one to each AA1. They run rostromedially until at the extreme rostro-ventral midline the two vessels merge and then run straight caudally along the ventral midline until they reach the cranial end of the ventral aorta (VA). There, the single HA passes just dorsal to the rostral end of the VA and then immediately splits again into a pair of HA. The paired HA continue caudally just to either side of the ventral midline. The HA provide blood supply to the ventral branchial region and the heart.sogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator interopercle Dermal bone that is part of the opercular series. It is located ventro-medially to the preopercle and anterior to the subopercle. It is joined to the posterior part of the lower jaw (retroarticular) by a ligament. The interopercle is paired. TAO:0000674 interopercles teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that is part of the opercular series. It is located ventro-medially to the preopercle and anterior to the subopercle. It is joined to the posterior part of the lower jaw (retroarticular) by a ligament. The interopercle is paired. TAO:wd interopercles sagitta TAO:0000676 saccular otolith sacculith teleost_anatomy segmental intercostal artery TAO:0000677 segmental intercostal arteries teleost_anatomy segmental intercostal arteries hair cell anterior macula Specialized neuronal receptor cells of the lateral line and acoustico-vestibular systems. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for hair cells by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000678 sensory hair cells anterior macula teleost_anatomy sensory hair cells anterior macula Specialized neuronal receptor cells of the lateral line and acoustico-vestibular systems. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for hair cells by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator sensory root of facial nerve TAO:0000679 teleost_anatomy sinoatrial valve TAO:0000680 teleost_anatomy neural postzygapophysis Paired, dorsomedially directed processes on the posterior ends of the centra, ligamentously joined to the neural prezygapophyses of the immediately posterior vertebra. TAO:0000681 neural postzygapophyses neural postzygopophyses teleost_anatomy neural postzygapophyses Paired, dorsomedially directed processes on the posterior ends of the centra, ligamentously joined to the neural prezygapophyses of the immediately posterior vertebra. ZFIN:curator spinal artery TAO:0000682 spinal arteries teleost_anatomy spinal arteries subcommissural organ SCO TAO:0000683 teleost_anatomy intertectal commissure TAO:0000684 teleost_anatomy superficial abductor TAO:0000685 teleost_anatomy superficial grey and white zone TAO:0000686 superficial grey and white zones teleost_anatomy superficial grey and white zones superficial pretectum TAO:0000687 teleost_anatomy olfactory support cell TAO:0000688 support cells teleost_anatomy support cells supracommissural nucleus of V TAO:0000689 teleost_anatomy supraoptic commissure TAO:0000690 teleost_anatomy supraorbital bone Dermal bone that is part of the dorsal or upper border or antero-dorsal border of the orbit. The supraorbital bone may contact the orbital margin of the frontal bone medially, the antorbital antero-ventrally and the dermosphenotic posteriorly. The supraorbital bone does not carry sensory canals. The supraorbital bone is paired. TAO:0000691 The supraorbital bone may be present as two or one bone in extant teleosts, although many of the advanced forms lack the bone. teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that is part of the dorsal or upper border or antero-dorsal border of the orbit. The supraorbital bone may contact the orbital margin of the frontal bone medially, the antorbital antero-ventrally and the dermosphenotic posteriorly. The supraorbital bone does not carry sensory canals. The supraorbital bone is paired. TAO:GA_TG symplectic Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with the hyomandibula and the quadrate. TAO:0000692 When the interhyal bone or cartilage is present it articulates at the articulation of the hyomandibula and symplectic. teleost_anatomy Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with the hyomandibula and the quadrate. ZFIN:curator tangential nucleus TAO:0000693 teleost_anatomy ceratobranchial 5 tooth Ceratobranchial 5 teeth are the only teeth present in zebrafish and other cypriniforms. TAO:0000694 Tooth that forms on ceratobranchial 5 cartilage or bone. pharyngeal teeth teleost_anatomy Tooth that forms on ceratobranchial 5 cartilage or bone. ZFIN:curator labial cavities TAO:0000695 teleost_anatomy telencephalic ventricle TAO:0000696 lateral ventricle telencephalic vesicle teleost_anatomy cranial nerve V CN-V TAO:0000697 teleost_anatomy trigeminal nerve tripus Endochondral bone, membrane bone, and Weberian ossicle that is an element of third vertebra. Anteriorly it attaches to the interosseus ligament and posteriorly it extends as a transformator process embedded in the tunica externa of the swimbladder. TAO:0000698 Weberian ossicle 4 fourth Weberian ossicle teleost_anatomy Endochondral bone, membrane bone, and Weberian ossicle that is an element of third vertebra. Anteriorly it attaches to the interosseus ligament and posteriorly it extends as a transformator process embedded in the tunica externa of the swimbladder. ZFIN:curator entopterygoid vertical strut Fink and Fink 1981, present in gymnotoids. Process that is the dorsally directed, vertical process of the entopterygoid. The strut sometimes articulates with the orbitosphenoid. TAO:0000699 endopterygoid vertical strut mesopterygoid vertical strut teleost_anatomy Process that is the dorsally directed, vertical process of the entopterygoid. The strut sometimes articulates with the orbitosphenoid. TAO:wd utricle TAO:0000700 teleost_anatomy ventral arrector TAO:0000701 teleost_anatomy ventral horn spinal cord TAO:0000702 teleost_anatomy ventral motor nucleus trigeminal nerve TAO:0000703 teleost_anatomy ventral pelvic arrector TAO:0000704 teleost_anatomy ventral root TAO:0000705 teleost_anatomy posterior intestine TAO:0000706 The posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. Wallace et al, 2005. teleost_anatomy The posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. Wallace et al, 2005. ZFIN:curator ventral zone TAO:0000707 teleost_anatomy ventrolateral optic tract TAO:0000708 teleost_anatomy vestibulo-spinal tract TAO:0000709 teleost_anatomy viscerosensory commissural nucleus of Cajal TAO:0000710 teleost_anatomy DEL A multilayer of deep cells of fairly uniform thickness that forms during early epiboly (at dome stage; upon conversion of the blastodisc to the blastoderm); during gastrulation the DEL (deep cell layer) gives rise to the epiblast and hypoblast. Kimmel et al, 1995. DEL cells TAO:0000711 deep cell layer teleost_anatomy ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576 deep cell layer A multilayer of deep cells of fairly uniform thickness that forms during early epiboly (at dome stage; upon conversion of the blastodisc to the blastoderm); during gastrulation the DEL (deep cell layer) gives rise to the epiblast and hypoblast. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator DEL cells I-YSL TAO:0000712 The portion of the YSL that lies deep to the blastoderm during epiboly. Kimmel et al, 1995. internal yolk syncytial layer teleost_anatomy The portion of the YSL that lies deep to the blastoderm during epiboly. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576 internal yolk syncytial layer abducens motor nucleus Hindbrain motor nucleus which is the origin of motor axons of cranial nerve VI. From Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain. TAO:0000713 abducens motor nuclei motor nucleus VI nVI teleost_anatomy Hindbrain motor nucleus which is the origin of motor axons of cranial nerve VI. From Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain. ISBN:3764351209 abducens motor nuclei accessory pretectal nucleus TAO:0000714 teleost_anatomy adductor hyohyoid TAO:0000715 teleost_anatomy afferent branchial artery ABA TAO:0000716 teleost_anatomy apical ectodermal ridge median fin fold Apical ectodermal ridge that is part of the median fin fold. TAO:0000717 apical ectodermal ridge median fin-fold teleost_anatomy Apical ectodermal ridge that is part of the median fin fold. ZFIN:curator epaxial region somite 27 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000718 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator slow muscle cell somite 21 TAO:0000719 slow muscle cells somite 21 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 21 slow muscle cell somite 24 TAO:0000720 slow muscle cells somite 24 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 24 slow muscle cell somite 27 TAO:0000721 slow muscle cells somite 27 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 27 slow muscle cell somite 3 TAO:0000722 slow muscle cells somite 3 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 3 slow muscle cell somite 5 TAO:0000723 slow muscle cells somite 5 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 5 slow muscle cell somite 8 TAO:0000724 slow muscle cells somite 8 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 8 somite 11 TAO:0000725 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite 14 TAO:0000726 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite 17 TAO:0000727 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite 2 TAO:0000728 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator epaxial region somite 3 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000729 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite 23 TAO:0000730 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite 27 TAO:0000731 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite 3 TAO:0000732 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite 7 TAO:0000733 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator preural vertebra Caudal vertebra that is one of the last caudal vertebrae anterior to the ural vertebrae that with its neural and haemal spines supports the procurrent caudal fin rays or lepidotrichia. The numbering of preural vertebrae is from caudal to rostral direction. TAO:0000734 The term preural vertebra was created by Nybelin (1963) for those vertebrae supporting caudal procurrent rays. For additional information see Arratia and Schultze (1992). Their neural and hemal arches may or may not be fused to their corresponding autocentrum. Fusion or separation of certain neural and/or haemal arches of preural centra is characteristic or certain teleosts subgroup. The boundary between preural and ural region is determined by the bifurcation of the four or five blood vessels running inside the hemal arches of the preural vertebrae (primary caudal artery, two secondary arterial trunks, primary caudal vein, and secondary subvertebral vein) (for details see Schultze & Arratia, 1989). The bifurcation of the caudal artery and vein was proposed as a landmark to homologize preural centrum 1 throughout actinopterygians (Nybelin, 1963). caudal fin vertebra specialized centra/vertebrae teleost_anatomy specialized centra/vertebrae Caudal vertebra that is one of the last caudal vertebrae anterior to the ural vertebrae that with its neural and haemal spines supports the procurrent caudal fin rays or lepidotrichia. The numbering of preural vertebrae is from caudal to rostral direction. TAO:GA_TG hemal postzygapophysis Paired, ventromedially directed processes on the posterior ends of the centra, ligamentously joined to the hemal postzygapophyses of the immediately posterior vertebra. The most posterior caudal vertebrae lack hemal postzygapophyses. TAO:0000735 haemal postzygapophysis hemal postygopophysis hemal postzygapophyses teleost_anatomy hemal postzygapophyses Paired, ventromedially directed processes on the posterior ends of the centra, ligamentously joined to the hemal postzygapophyses of the immediately posterior vertebra. The most posterior caudal vertebrae lack hemal postzygapophyses. ZFIN:curator cranium Skeletal system which is part of the skull, including the splanchnocranium, chondrocranium, and dermatocranium. TAO:0000737 cranial skeleton skull teleost_anatomy Skeletal system which is part of the skull, including the splanchnocranium, chondrocranium, and dermatocranium. ZFIN:curator dorsal oblique extraocular muscle TAO:0000738 dorsal oblique extraocular muscles teleost_anatomy dorsal oblique extraocular muscles epaxial region somite 11 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000739 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator epaxial region somite 5 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000740 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator epaxial region somite 14 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000741 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator epaxial region somite 17 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000742 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator epaxial region somite 2 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000743 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator epaxial region somite 22 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000744 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator epaxial region somite 25 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000745 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator epaxial region somite 28 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000746 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator epaxial region somite 30 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000747 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator epaxial region somite 6 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000748 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator epaxial region somite 9 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000749 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator fast muscle cell somite 10 TAO:0000750 fast muscle cells somite 10 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 10 epaxial region somite 8 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000751 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator fast muscle cell somite 13 TAO:0000752 fast muscle cells somite 13 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 13 fast muscle cell somite 16 TAO:0000753 fast muscle cells somite 16 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 16 fast muscle cell somite 19 TAO:0000754 fast muscle cells somite 19 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 19 fast muscle cell somite 21 TAO:0000755 fast muscle cells somite 21 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 21 fast muscle cell somite 24 TAO:0000756 fast muscle cells somite 24 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 24 fast muscle cell somite 27 TAO:0000757 fast muscle cells somite 27 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 27 fast muscle cell somite 3 TAO:0000758 fast muscle cells somite 3 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 3 fast muscle cell somite 5 TAO:0000759 fast muscle cells somite 5 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 5 fast muscle cell somite 8 TAO:0000760 fast muscle cells somite 8 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 8 basal plate midbrain TAO:0000761 floor plate midbrain floorplate midbrain teleost_anatomy facio-acoustic neural crest Cranial neural crest that gives rise to the facio-acoustic ganglion. TAO:0000762 teleost_anatomy Cranial neural crest that gives rise to the facio-acoustic ganglion. ZFIN:curator floor plate rhombomere 2 TAO:0000763 floor plate r2 floorplate r2 teleost_anatomy floor plate rhombomere 5 TAO:0000764 floor plate r5 floorplate r5 teleost_anatomy floor plate rhombomere 8 TAO:0000765 floor plate r8 floorplate r8 teleost_anatomy granular layer valvula cerebelli TAO:0000766 teleost_anatomy hypaxial region somite 11 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000767 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator hypaxial region somite 14 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000768 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator hypaxial region somite 17 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000769 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator hypaxial region somite 2 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000770 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator hypaxial region somite 22 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000771 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator hypaxial region somite 25 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000772 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator fast muscle cell somite 12 TAO:0000773 fast muscle cells somite 12 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 12 hypaxial region somite 28 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000774 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator hypaxial region somite 30 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000775 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator hypaxial region somite 6 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000776 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator hypaxial region somite 9 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000777 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator interneuron spinal cord TAO:0000778 interneurons spinal cord teleost_anatomy interneurons spinal cord lateral forebrain bundle telencephalon TAO:0000779 teleost_anatomy lateral wall diencephalon TAO:0000780 teleost_anatomy lateral wall rhombomere 1 TAO:0000781 teleost_anatomy lateral wall rhombomere 4 TAO:0000782 teleost_anatomy lateral wall rhombomere 7 TAO:0000783 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cell somite 15 TAO:0000784 fast muscle cells somite 15 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 15 lateral wall telencephalon TAO:0000785 teleost_anatomy medial migration pathway mesenchyme TAO:0000786 teleost_anatomy mesenchyme derived from head neural crest TAO:0000787 teleost_anatomy mesenchyme dorsal fin TAO:0000788 teleost_anatomy mesoderm pectoral fin bud Mesoderm that is part of the pectoral fin bud. TAO:0000789 teleost_anatomy Mesoderm that is part of the pectoral fin bud. ZFIN:curator muscle pioneer somite 10 TAO:0000790 muscle pioneers somite 10 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 10 muscle pioneer somite 13 TAO:0000791 muscle pioneers somite 13 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 13 muscle pioneer somite 16 TAO:0000792 muscle pioneers somite 16 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 16 muscle pioneer somite 19 TAO:0000793 muscle pioneers somite 19 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 19 muscle pioneer somite 22 TAO:0000794 muscle pioneers somite 22 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 22 fast muscle cell somite 18 TAO:0000795 fast muscle cells somite 18 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 18 muscle pioneer somite 25 TAO:0000796 muscle pioneers somite 25 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 25 muscle pioneer somite 28 TAO:0000797 muscle pioneers somite 28 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 28 muscle pioneer somite 30 TAO:0000798 muscle pioneers somite 30 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 30 muscle pioneer somite 6 TAO:0000799 muscle pioneers somite 6 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 6 muscle pioneer somite 9 TAO:0000800 muscle pioneers somite 9 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 9 myotome somite 11 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000801 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator myotome somite 15 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000802 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator myotome somite 18 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000803 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator myotome somite 20 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000804 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator myotome somite 23 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000805 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator fast muscle cell somite 20 TAO:0000806 fast muscle cells somite 20 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 20 myotome somite 26 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000807 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator myotome somite 29 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000808 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator myotome somite 4 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000809 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator myotome somite 7 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000810 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator neural crest diencephalon TAO:0000811 teleost_anatomy neural crest telencephalon Cranial neural crest that is part of the telencephalon. TAO:0000812 teleost_anatomy Cranial neural crest that is part of the telencephalon. ZFIN:curator infraorbital lateral line neuromast Neuromast that is part of the infraorbital lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000813 neuromast infraorbital neuromasts infraorbital teleost_anatomy neuromasts infraorbital Neuromast that is part of the infraorbital lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator opercular lateral line neuromast Neuromast that is part of the opercular lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000814 neuromast opercular neuromasts opercular teleost_anatomy Neuromast that is part of the opercular lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator neuromasts opercular nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasciculus medulla oblongata TAO:0000815 teleost_anatomy oral epithelium TAO:0000816 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cell somite 23 TAO:0000817 fast muscle cells somite 23 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 23 vagal neural crest TAO:0000818 Vagal neural crest is adjacent to the first seven somites gives rise to both ganglionic and ectomesenchymal derivatives. post-otic neural crest teleost_anatomy Vagal neural crest is adjacent to the first seven somites gives rise to both ganglionic and ectomesenchymal derivatives. ZFIN:curator postcommissural nucleus of V central entopeduncular nucleus TAO:0000819 teleost_anatomy presumptive neuron neural tube TAO:0000820 presumptive neurons neural tube teleost_anatomy presumptive neurons neural tube primary neuron hindbrain TAO:0000821 primary neurons hindbrain teleost_anatomy primary neurons hindbrain rhombomere 2 Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000822 r2 teleost_anatomy Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator rhombomere 5 Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000823 r5 teleost_anatomy Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator roof plate rhombomere 2 TAO:0000824 teleost_anatomy roof plate rhombomere 6 TAO:0000825 teleost_anatomy central nucleus torus semicircularis TAO:0000826 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cell somite 26 TAO:0000827 fast muscle cells somite 26 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 26 roof plate rhombomere 5 TAO:0000828 teleost_anatomy sclerotome somite 11 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000829 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sclerotome somite 14 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000830 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sclerotome somite 17 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000831 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sclerotome somite 2 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000832 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sclerotome somite 22 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000833 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sclerotome somite 25 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000834 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sclerotome somite 28 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000835 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sclerotome somite 30 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000836 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sclerotome somite 6 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000837 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator fast muscle cell somite 29 TAO:0000838 fast muscle cells somite 29 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 29 sclerotome somite 9 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000839 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator slow muscle cell somite 11 TAO:0000840 slow muscle cells somite 11 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 11 slow muscle cell somite 14 TAO:0000841 slow muscle cells somite 14 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 14 slow muscle cell somite 17 TAO:0000842 slow muscle cells somite 17 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 17 slow muscle cell somite 2 TAO:0000843 slow muscle cells somite 2 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 2 slow muscle cell somite 22 TAO:0000844 slow muscle cells somite 22 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 22 slow muscle cell somite 25 TAO:0000845 slow muscle cells somite 25 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 25 slow muscle cell somite 28 TAO:0000846 slow muscle cells somite 28 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 28 slow muscle cell somite 30 TAO:0000847 slow muscle cells somite 30 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 30 slow muscle cell somite 6 TAO:0000848 slow muscle cells somite 6 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 6 fast muscle cell somite 4 TAO:0000849 fast muscle cells somite 4 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 4 slow muscle cell somite 9 TAO:0000850 slow muscle cells somite 9 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 9 somite 12 TAO:0000851 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite 15 TAO:0000852 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite 18 TAO:0000853 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite 21 TAO:0000854 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite 24 TAO:0000855 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite 28 TAO:0000856 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite 4 TAO:0000857 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite 8 TAO:0000858 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator specialized hemal arch and spine TAO:0000859 ha(pu) hemal arches (preural) specialized haemal arch and spine specialized hemal arches and spines teleost_anatomy ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-011008-1 hemal arches (preural) specialized hemal arches and spines fast muscle cell somite 7 TAO:0000860 fast muscle cells somite 7 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 7 ventral oblique extraocular muscle TAO:0000861 teleost_anatomy ventral oblique extraocular muscles ventral oblique extraocular muscles caudal fin skeleton Median fin skeleton supporting the caudal fin. TAO:0000862 VSAO:0000167 teleost_anatomy true Median fin skeleton supporting the caudal fin. TAO:wd dermatocranium Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and composed of dermally derived bones. TAO:0000863 dendrocranium dermal bone cranium teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and composed of dermally derived bones. ZFIN:curator epaxial region somite 1 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000864 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator epaxial region somite 12 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000865 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator epaxial region somite 15 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000866 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator epaxial region somite 18 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000867 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator epaxial region somite 20 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000868 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator epaxial region somite 23 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000869 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator epaxial region somite 26 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000870 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator floor plate diencephalon TAO:0000871 floorplate diencephalon teleost_anatomy epaxial region somite 29 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000872 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator epaxial region somite 4 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000873 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator epaxial region somite 7 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. immel et al, 1995. TAO:0000874 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. immel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator facial neural crest Cranial neural crest that is part of the facial region. TAO:0000875 teleost_anatomy Cranial neural crest that is part of the facial region. ZFIN:curator fast muscle cell somite 11 TAO:0000876 fast muscle cells somite 11 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 11 fast muscle cell somite 14 TAO:0000877 fast muscle cells somite 14 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 14 fast muscle cell somite 17 TAO:0000878 fast muscle cells somite 17 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 17 fast muscle cell somite 2 TAO:0000879 fast muscle cells somite 2 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 2 fast muscle cell somite 22 TAO:0000880 fast muscle cells somite 22 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 22 fast muscle cell somite 25 TAO:0000881 fast muscle cells somite 25 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 25 floor plate rhombomere 1 TAO:0000882 floor plate r1 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cell somite 28 TAO:0000883 fast muscle cells somite 28 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 28 fast muscle cell somite 30 TAO:0000884 fast muscle cells somite 30 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 30 fast muscle cell somite 6 TAO:0000885 fast muscle cells somite 6 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 6 fast muscle cell somite 9 TAO:0000886 fast muscle cells somite 9 teleost_anatomy fast muscle cells somite 9 floor plate neural rod TAO:0000887 floorplate neural rod teleost_anatomy floor plate rhombomere 3 TAO:0000888 floor plate r3 floorplate r3 teleost_anatomy floor plate rhombomere 6 TAO:0000889 floor plate r6 floorplate r6 teleost_anatomy floor plate spinal cord TAO:0000890 floorplate spinal cord teleost_anatomy hypaxial region somite 1 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000891 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator hypaxial region somite 12 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000892 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator floor plate rhombomere 4 TAO:0000893 floor plate r4 floorplate r4 teleost_anatomy hypaxial region somite 15 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000894 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator hypaxial region somite 18 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000895 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator hypaxial region somite 20 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000896 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator hypaxial region somite 23 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000897 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator hypaxial region somite 26 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000898 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator hypaxial region somite 29 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000899 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator hypaxial region somite 4 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000900 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator hypaxial region somite 7 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000901 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator hypural musculature TAO:0000902 hypural muscles teleost_anatomy hypural muscles interpeduncular nucleus tegmentum TAO:0000903 teleost_anatomy floor plate rhombomere 7 TAO:0000904 floor plate r7 floorplate r7 teleost_anatomy lateral mesenchyme derived from mesoderm TAO:0000905 teleost_anatomy lateral wall midbrain TAO:0000906 teleost_anatomy lateral wall rhombomere 2 TAO:0000907 teleost_anatomy lateral wall rhombomere 5 TAO:0000908 teleost_anatomy lateral wall rhombomere 8 TAO:0000909 teleost_anatomy medial forebrain bundle telencephalon TAO:0000910 teleost_anatomy transverse process of neural arch 3 Endochondral bone that is the anterodorsally oriented process of the third neural arch. TAO:0000911 anterodorsal process of neural arch 3 teleost_anatomy transverse process of the third vertebra Endochondral bone that is the anterodorsally oriented process of the third neural arch. TAO:wd mesenchyme median fin fold TAO:0000912 mesenchyme median fin-fold teleost_anatomy molecular layer valvula cerebelli TAO:0000913 teleost_anatomy floor plate telencephalon TAO:0000914 floorplate telencephalon teleost_anatomy muscle pioneer somite 11 TAO:0000915 muscle pioneers somite 11 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 11 muscle pioneer somite 14 TAO:0000916 muscle pioneers somite 14 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 14 muscle pioneer somite 17 TAO:0000917 muscle pioneers somite 17 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 17 muscle pioneer somite 20 TAO:0000918 muscle pioneers somite 20 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 20 muscle pioneer somite 23 TAO:0000919 muscle pioneers somite 23 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 23 muscle pioneer somite 26 TAO:0000920 muscle pioneers somite 26 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 26 muscle pioneer somite 29 TAO:0000921 muscle pioneers somite 29 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 29 muscle pioneer somite 4 TAO:0000922 muscle pioneers somite 4 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 4 muscle pioneer somite 7 TAO:0000923 muscle pioneers somite 7 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 7 myotome somite 1 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000924 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator hypaxial region somite 10 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000925 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator myotome somite 12 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000926 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator myotome somite 16 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000927 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator myotome somite 19 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995.> TAO:0000928 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995.> ZFIN:curator myotome somite 21 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000929 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator myotome somite 24 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000930 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator myotome somite 27 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000931 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator myotome somite 3 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000932 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator myotome somite 5 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000933 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator myotome somite 8 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000934 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator neural crest midbrain TAO:0000935 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin distal radial Rod-like internal median skeletal support bones of the dorsal fin, which articulate with the lepidotrichia distally. TAO:0000936 teleost_anatomy Rod-like internal median skeletal support bones of the dorsal fin, which articulate with the lepidotrichia distally. ZFIN:curator hypaxial region somite 13 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000937 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator central canal TAO:0000938 neural lumen teleost_anatomy middle lateral line neuromast Neuromast that is part of the middle lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000939 neuromast middle neuromasts middle teleost_anatomy Neuromast that is part of the middle lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator neuromasts middle posterior lateral line neuromast Neuromast that is part of the posterior lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000940 neuromast posterior neuromasts posterior teleost_anatomy neuromasts posterior Neuromast that is part of the posterior lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasciculus synencephalon TAO:0000941 teleost_anatomy paraxial mesenchyme TAO:0000942 teleost_anatomy pectoral fin skeleton Paired fin skeleton that consists of the supporting endochondral proximal and distal radials and the dermal fins rays or lepidotrichia. The pectoral fin skeleton is located in the thoracic region of the body and articulates with the scapula and coracoid. TAO:0000943 VSAO:0000153 forefin skeleton teleost_anatomy true Paired fin skeleton that consists of the supporting endochondral proximal and distal radials and the dermal fins rays or lepidotrichia. The pectoral fin skeleton is located in the thoracic region of the body and articulates with the scapula and coracoid. TAO:wd posterior lateral line One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0000944 pll teleost_anatomy One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator hypaxial region somite 16 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000946 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator dorsal fin proximal radial Rod-like internal median skeletal support bones of the dorsal fin, which articulate with the distal radials. TAO:0000947 basal radial of dorsal fin teleost_anatomy Rod-like internal median skeletal support bones of the dorsal fin, which articulate with the distal radials. ZFIN:curator rhombomere 3 Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000948 r3 teleost_anatomy Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator rhombomere 7 Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000949 r7 teleost_anatomy Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator roof plate rhombomere 3 TAO:0000950 teleost_anatomy roof plate rhombomere 7 TAO:0000951 teleost_anatomy sclerotome somite 1 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000952 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sclerotome somite 12 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000953 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sclerotome somite 15 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000954 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sclerotome somite 18 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. immel et al, 1995. TAO:0000955 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. immel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sclerotome somite 20 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000956 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator hypaxial region somite 19 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000957 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sclerotome somite 23 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000958 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sclerotome somite 26 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000959 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sclerotome somite 29 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000960 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sclerotome somite 4 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000961 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sclerotome somite 7 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000962 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator slow muscle cell somite 1 TAO:0000963 slow muscle cells somite 1 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 1 slow muscle cell somite 12 TAO:0000964 slow muscle cells somite 12 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 12 slow muscle cell somite 15 TAO:0000965 slow muscle cells somite 15 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 15 slow muscle cell somite 18 TAO:0000966 slow muscle cells somite 18 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 18 slow muscle cell somite 20 TAO:0000967 slow muscle cells somite 20 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 20 hypaxial region somite 21 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000968 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator slow muscle cell somite 23 TAO:0000969 slow muscle cells somite 23 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 23 slow muscle cell somite 26 TAO:0000970 slow muscle cells somite 26 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 26 slow muscle cell somite 29 TAO:0000971 slow muscle cells somite 29 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 29 slow muscle cell somite 4 TAO:0000972 slow muscle cells somite 4 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 4 slow muscle cell somite 7 TAO:0000973 slow muscle cells somite 7 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 7 somite 10 TAO:0000974 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite 13 TAO:0000975 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite 16 TAO:0000976 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite 19 TAO:0000977 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite 22 TAO:0000978 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator hypaxial region somite 24 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000979 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite 25 TAO:0000980 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite 29 TAO:0000981 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite 6 TAO:0000982 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator somite 9 TAO:0000983 Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. teleost_anatomy Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk or tail segment or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator superior reticular formation tegmentum TAO:0000984 teleost_anatomy ventral rhombencephalic commissure medulla oblongata TAO:0000985 teleost_anatomy hypaxial region somite 27 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000986 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator hypaxial region somite 3 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000987 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator hypaxial region somite 5 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000988 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator hypaxial region somite 8 Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000989 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present ventral to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator intermediate mesenchyme TAO:0000990 teleost_anatomy epaxial region somite 10 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0000991 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator lateral migration pathway mesenchyme TAO:0000992 teleost_anatomy lateral wall neural rod TAO:0000993 teleost_anatomy lateral wall rhombomere 3 TAO:0000994 teleost_anatomy lateral wall rhombomere 6 TAO:0000995 teleost_anatomy lateral wall spinal cord TAO:0000996 teleost_anatomy medial funicular nucleus trigeminal nuclei TAO:0000997 teleost_anatomy mesenchyme derived from head mesoderm TAO:0000998 teleost_anatomy mesenchyme derived from trunk neural crest TAO:0000999 teleost_anatomy mesenchyme pectoral fin Mesenchyme that is part of the pectoral fin. TAO:0001000 teleost_anatomy Mesenchyme that is part of the pectoral fin. ZFIN:curator epaxial region somite 13 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001001 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator motor axons peripheral TAO:0001002 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneer somite 12 TAO:0001003 muscle pioneers somite 12 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 12 muscle pioneer somite 15 TAO:0001004 muscle pioneers somite 15 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 15 muscle pioneer somite 18 TAO:0001005 muscle pioneers somite 18 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 18 muscle pioneer somite 21 TAO:0001006 muscle pioneers somite 21 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 21 muscle pioneer somite 24 TAO:0001007 muscle pioneers somite 24 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 24 muscle pioneer somite 27 TAO:0001008 muscle pioneers somite 27 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 27 muscle pioneer somite 3 TAO:0001009 muscle pioneers somite 3 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 3 muscle pioneer somite 5 TAO:0001010 muscle pioneers somite 5 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 5 muscle pioneer somite 8 TAO:0001011 muscle pioneers somite 8 teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers somite 8 epaxial region somite 16 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001012 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator myotome somite 10 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001013 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator myotome somite 13 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001014 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator myotome somite 17 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. immel et al, 1995. TAO:0001015 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. immel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator myotome somite 2 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001016 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator myotome somite 22 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001017 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator myotome somite 25 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001018 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator myotome somite 28 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001019 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator myotome somite 30 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001020 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator myotome somite 6 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001021 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator myotome somite 9 Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. immel et al, 1995. TAO:0001022 teleost_anatomy Portion of the somite giving rise to body wall muscle masses. immel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator epaxial region somite 19 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001023 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator trunk neural crest TAO:0001024 teleost_anatomy occipital lateral line neuromast Neuromast that is part of the occipital lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0001025 neuromast occipital neuromasts occipital teleost_anatomy neuromasts occipital Neuromast that is part of the occipital lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator supraorbital lateral line neuromast Neuromast that is part of the supraorbital lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0001026 neuromast supraorbital neuromasts supraorbital teleost_anatomy Neuromast that is part of the supraorbital lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator neuromasts supraorbital oral cavity TAO:0001027 pharyngeal cavity teleost_anatomy hypurapophysis Lateral process, spine-like or crest-like, at the lateral wall of the haemal arch of the parhypural that serves for insertion of the hypochordal longitudinal muscle. The process may contribute to the lateral protection of the parhypural foramen (where the caudal blood vessels exit the hemal arch) and the hypural foramen (where a caudal heart may be present). The hypurapophysis is paired. TAO:0001028 The structure, the processus parhypurale, was given the name of hypurapophysis by Nursall (1963). Additional processes may be present on the lateral walls of hypurals 1 and 2 in some teleost subgroups. They are named primary, secondary hypurapophyses, etc. hypurapophyses parhypurapophyses parhypurapophyses processes teleost_anatomy Lateral process, spine-like or crest-like, at the lateral wall of the haemal arch of the parhypural that serves for insertion of the hypochordal longitudinal muscle. The process may contribute to the lateral protection of the parhypural foramen (where the caudal blood vessels exit the hemal arch) and the hypural foramen (where a caudal heart may be present). The hypurapophysis is paired. ZFIN:curator hypurapophyses inner limiting membrane TAO:0001029 teleost_anatomy epaxial region somite 21 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001030 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator rhombomere 1 Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001031 r1 teleost_anatomy Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator rhombomere 4 Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001032 r4 teleost_anatomy Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator roof plate rhombomere 1 TAO:0001033 teleost_anatomy roof plate rhombomere 4 TAO:0001034 teleost_anatomy roof plate rhombomere 8 TAO:0001035 teleost_anatomy sclerotome somite 10 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001036 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sclerotome somite 13 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001037 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sclerotome somite 16 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001038 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sclerotome somite 19 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001039 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator epaxial region somite 24 Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001040 teleost_anatomy Somite-derived body wall muscle present dorsal to the horizontal myoseptum. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sclerotome somite 21 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001041 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sclerotome somite 24 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001042 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sclerotome somite 27 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001043 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sclerotome somite 3 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001044 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sclerotome somite 5 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001045 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sclerotome somite 8 Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001046 teleost_anatomy Medial ventral region of the somite that will form vertebral cartilages. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator slow muscle cell somite 10 TAO:0001047 slow muscle cells somite 10 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 10 slow muscle cell somite 13 TAO:0001048 slow muscle cells somite 13 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 13 slow muscle cell somite 16 TAO:0001049 slow muscle cells somite 16 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 16 slow muscle cell somite 19 TAO:0001050 slow muscle cells somite 19 teleost_anatomy slow muscle cells somite 19 caudal division of the internal carotid artery CaDI TAO:0001051 teleost_anatomy primordial hindbrain channel PHCB TAO:0001052 The paired vessels that run along the lateral walls of the hindbrain and drain into the anterior cardinal veins. Isogai et al. (2002) medial head vein teleost_anatomy The paired vessels that run along the lateral walls of the hindbrain and drain into the anterior cardinal veins. Isogai et al. (2002) ZFIN:curator primitive internal carotid artery PICA TAO:0001053 teleost_anatomy lateral dorsal aorta Connect the outflow of the aortic arches to the dorsal aorta. The place where the lateral dorsal aorta fuse is is called the radiax of the aorta. Isogai et al. 2001. LDA TAO:0001054 teleost_anatomy Connect the outflow of the aortic arches to the dorsal aorta. The place where the lateral dorsal aorta fuse is is called the radiax of the aorta. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator pronephric duct opening TAO:0001055 teleost_anatomy myotome Portion of the somites giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001056 myomeres teleost_anatomy Portion of the somites giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576 myomeres intersegmental vein ISV Primary intersegmental vessels that are contacted by secondary angiogenic sprouts from the posterior cardinal vein and take on the characteristics of veins. These eventually link with other secondary sprouts from the posterior cardinal vein to form the parachordal vessel. Isogai et al. 2003. TAO:0001057 teleost_anatomy Primary intersegmental vessels that are contacted by secondary angiogenic sprouts from the posterior cardinal vein and take on the characteristics of veins. These eventually link with other secondary sprouts from the posterior cardinal vein to form the parachordal vessel. Isogai et al. 2003. ZFIN:curator caudal fin TAO:0001058 The caudal fin is the most posterior median fin. It is composed of a complex of three modified centra and modified neural and hemal arches and spines. Mabee and Bird, 2001. VSAO:0000164 nageoire caudale (French) tail tail fin teleost_anatomy true uroptère (French) uroptérygie (French) PSPUB:0000140 uroptérygie (French) The caudal fin is the most posterior median fin. It is composed of a complex of three modified centra and modified neural and hemal arches and spines. Mabee and Bird, 2001. ZFIN:curator PSPUB:0000135 uroptère (French) PSPUB:0000164 nageoire caudale (French) cranial division of the internal carotid artery CrDI TAO:0001059 rostral division of the internal carotid artery teleost_anatomy basidorsal Basidorsals are bilaterally paired cartilages on the dorsolateral side of the notochord which are replaced by ossified neural arches or dorsal arcocentra. In otophysan fishes, basidorsal 1, bd2, bd3, and bd4 give rise to parts of the Weberian apparatus. TAO:0001060 arcualia teleost_anatomy Basidorsals are bilaterally paired cartilages on the dorsolateral side of the notochord which are replaced by ossified neural arches or dorsal arcocentra. In otophysan fishes, basidorsal 1, bd2, bd3, and bd4 give rise to parts of the Weberian apparatus. ZFIN:curator intersegmental artery TAO:0001061 teleost_anatomy primitive mesencephalic artery Branches dorsally from the cranial division of the internal carotid artery, then curves caudally along the dorsal medial wall of the eye capsule to drain into the PMBC just rostral to the midbrain hindbrain boundary PMsA TAO:0001062 teleost_anatomy Branches dorsally from the cranial division of the internal carotid artery, then curves caudally along the dorsal medial wall of the eye capsule to drain into the PMBC just rostral to the midbrain hindbrain boundary ZFIN:curator posterior caudal vein TAO:0001063 teleost_anatomy rhombomere A segment of the developing hindbrain. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001064 hindbrain segment neuromeres rhombomeres teleost_anatomy rhombomeres A segment of the developing hindbrain. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator lateral mesoderm TAO:0001065 teleost_anatomy neural arch A neural arch encloses the neural canal and typically meets its partner to form a neural spine. The neural arch can be a replacement ossification of the basidorsal cartilage or can form directly in membrane bone. TAO:0001066 dorsal arcocentrum teleost_anatomy A neural arch encloses the neural canal and typically meets its partner to form a neural spine. The neural arch can be a replacement ossification of the basidorsal cartilage or can form directly in membrane bone. ZFIN:curator anterior cerebral vein ACeV TAO:0001067 rostral cerebral vein teleost_anatomy mesencephalic artery Develops from the proximal portion of the primitive mesencephalic artery. Isogai et al. 2001. MsA TAO:0001068 teleost_anatomy Develops from the proximal portion of the primitive mesencephalic artery. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator ventral fin fold TAO:0001069 anal fin fold anal fin-fold tail fin fold tail fin-fold teleost_anatomy ventral fin ventral fin-fold presumptive pronephric mesoderm TAO:0001070 nephron primordium teleost_anatomy presumptive retina TAO:0001071 teleost_anatomy thyroid follicle TAO:0001072 teleost_anatomy axial vasculature TAO:0001073 teleost_anatomy taste bud TAO:0001074 taste buds teleost_anatomy taste buds choroid fissure TAO:0001075 teleost_anatomy intestinal bulb TAO:0001076 This anteriormost portion of the intestine has the most digestive enzymes and the greatest epithelial surface area. Wallace et al, 2005. anterior intestine teleost_anatomy This anteriormost portion of the intestine has the most digestive enzymes and the greatest epithelial surface area. Wallace et al, 2005. ZFIN:curator thymus primordium A small outgrowth of the pharyngeal epithelium that is the site of lymphocyte cell production. Willett et al, 1999. TAO:0001077 teleost_anatomy thymic rudiment A small outgrowth of the pharyngeal epithelium that is the site of lymphocyte cell production. Willett et al, 1999. ZFIN:curator thymus TAO:0001078 teleost_anatomy blood vasculature TAO:0001079 blood vessels circulatory system teleost_anatomy sclerotome TAO:0001080 sclerotomes teleost_anatomy sclerotomes thyroid primordium TAO:0001081 teleost_anatomy chordo neural hinge Portion of tissue is a posterior to the developing notochord during tailbud extension. TAO:0001082 teleost_anatomy Portion of tissue is a posterior to the developing notochord during tailbud extension. ZFIN:curator ventricular zone TAO:0001083 teleost_anatomy epaxial myotome region TAO:0001084 teleost_anatomy hypaxial myotome region TAO:0001085 hypaxial muscle teleost_anatomy muscle pioneer TAO:0001086 muscle pioneers non migratory adaxial cells teleost_anatomy muscle pioneers myoseptum TAO:0001089 teleost_anatomy unspecified Annotation with this anatomy term indicates that a structure was not specified by the author. TAO:0001093 teleost_anatomy true Annotation with this anatomy term indicates that a structure was not specified by the author. ZFIN:curator body Anatomical structure that is an individual member of a species. CARO:0000012 TAO:0001094 multi-cellular organism teleost_anatomy whole organism Anatomical structure that is an individual member of a species. ZFIN:curator immature macula TAO:0001095 immature maculae immature sensory patch immature sensory patches teleost_anatomy immature maculae immature anterior macula TAO:0001096 teleost_anatomy immature posterior macula TAO:0001097 teleost_anatomy immature hair cell anterior macula TAO:0001098 immature sensory hair cells anterior macula teleost_anatomy immature sensory hair cells anterior macula immature hair cell posterior macula TAO:0001099 immature sensory hair cells posterior macula teleost_anatomy immature sensory hair cells posterior macula hepatic duct A duct that carries bile from the liver to the small intestine. TAO:0001100 teleost_anatomy A duct that carries bile from the liver to the small intestine. ZFIN:curator gustatory system TAO:0001101 teleost_anatomy immature anterior otolith TAO:0001102 teleost_anatomy immature posterior otolith TAO:0001103 teleost_anatomy pharyngeal endoderm TAO:0001104 teleost_anatomy embryonic structure Anatomical structure that is part of the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells. TAO:0001105 VSAO:0000178 teleost_anatomy true Anatomical structure that is part of the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells. ZFIN:curator pharyngeal pouch Outpocketings of pharyngeal endoderm that interdigitate with the neural crest derived pharyngeal arches. The pouches later fuse with the surface ectoderm to form the gill slits. Crump et al, 2004. TAO:0001106 teleost_anatomy Outpocketings of pharyngeal endoderm that interdigitate with the neural crest derived pharyngeal arches. The pouches later fuse with the surface ectoderm to form the gill slits. Crump et al, 2004. ZFIN:curator internal gill bud TAO:0001107 teleost_anatomy anterior commissure TAO:0001108 commissura anterior commissura rostral rostral commissure teleost_anatomy oocyte TAO:0001109 egg teleost_anatomy ovarian follicle Oocyte development of zebrafish has been divided into five stages based on morphological criteria and on physiological and biochemical events. Stage I follicles (less than 140 microns) are primary growth stage, stage II follicles (140-340 microns) are cortical alveolus stage, stage III (340-690 microns) are vitellogenesis, stage IV (690-730 microns) are oocyte maturation, and stage V follicles are matured egg. Selman et al, 1993. TAO:0001110 egg follicle teleost_anatomy Oocyte development of zebrafish has been divided into five stages based on morphological criteria and on physiological and biochemical events. Stage I follicles (less than 140 microns) are primary growth stage, stage II follicles (140-340 microns) are cortical alveolus stage, stage III (340-690 microns) are vitellogenesis, stage IV (690-730 microns) are oocyte maturation, and stage V follicles are matured egg. Selman et al, 1993. ZFIN:curator zona radiata TAO:0001111 teleost_anatomy vitelline envelope granulosa cell layer TAO:0001112 teleost_anatomy thecal cell layer TAO:0001113 teleost_anatomy head Organism subdivision which is the part of the body which consists of the cranial and pharygeal regions. TAO:0001114 teleost_anatomy Organism subdivision which is the part of the body which consists of the cranial and pharygeal regions. ZFIN:curator trunk Organism subdivision which is the part of the body posterior to the head and anterior to the tail. TAO:0001115 teleost_anatomy Organism subdivision which is the part of the body posterior to the head and anterior to the tail. ZFIN:curator presumptive structure TAO:0001116 teleost_anatomy post-vent region Organism subdivision which is the part of the body posterior to the vent which includes the anal and caudal fins. TAO:0001117 tail teleost_anatomy Organism subdivision which is the part of the body posterior to the vent which includes the anal and caudal fins. ZFIN:curator urogenital papilla A protuberance in front of the gential pore and behind the vent. Mature females have a well developed urogenital papillae whilst in mature males it is poorly developed. Brion et al, 2004. TAO:0001118 UGP anal papilla anal papillae genital papilla teleost_anatomy urogenital papillae urogenital papillae A protuberance in front of the gential pore and behind the vent. Mature females have a well developed urogenital papillae whilst in mature males it is poorly developed. Brion et al, 2004. ZFIN:curator dermis A collagenous layer of the skin subjacent to the epidermis and covering the hypodermis. It contains various types of cells (e.g. fibroblasts, pigment cells, nerve, blood vessels and scales. Le Guellec et al, 2004. TAO:0001119 teleost_anatomy A collagenous layer of the skin subjacent to the epidermis and covering the hypodermis. It contains various types of cells (e.g. fibroblasts, pigment cells, nerve, blood vessels and scales. Le Guellec et al, 2004. ZFIN:curator neuroectoderm TAO:0001120 neural ectoderm neurectoderm teleost_anatomy presumptive shield TAO:0001121 teleost_anatomy primary germ layer TAO:0001122 embryonic germ layers teleost_anatomy median fin skeleton Postcranial axial skeleton that is unpaired and located on the sagittal plane of the organism. TAO:0001123 VSAO:0000170 axial fin skeleton teleost_anatomy true unpaired fin skeleton Postcranial axial skeleton that is unpaired and located on the sagittal plane of the organism. TAO:wd dorsal fin skeleton Median fin skeleton located on the dorsal surface of the organism. TAO:0001124 VSAO:0000168 teleost_anatomy true Median fin skeleton located on the dorsal surface of the organism. TAO:wd organizer inducing center Nieuwkoop center TAO:0001125 The dorsal marginal region of the YSL where maternal dorsal determinants localize. Participates in positioning the shield. Ho et al, 1999. teleost_anatomy The dorsal marginal region of the YSL where maternal dorsal determinants localize. Participates in positioning the shield. Ho et al, 1999. ZFIN:curator noninvoluting endocytic marginal cell cluster NEM TAO:0001126 The NEM cell cluster lies in a superficial position of the dorsal blastoderm margin encompassing EVL cells and one or two layers of underlying deep cells. Unlike other marginal blastomeres, cells in this cluster do not participate in involution. Cooper et al, 1996. noninvoluting endocytic marginal cells teleost_anatomy noninvoluting endocytic marginal cells The NEM cell cluster lies in a superficial position of the dorsal blastoderm margin encompassing EVL cells and one or two layers of underlying deep cells. Unlike other marginal blastomeres, cells in this cluster do not participate in involution. Cooper et al, 1996. ZFIN:curator visual system TAO:0001127 teleost_anatomy pharyngeal pouch 1 TAO:0001128 teleost_anatomy pharyngeal pouches 2-6 TAO:0001129 teleost_anatomy pharyngeal pouch 2 TAO:0001130 teleost_anatomy pharyngeal pouch 3 TAO:0001131 teleost_anatomy pharyngeal pouch 6 TAO:0001132 teleost_anatomy pharyngeal pouch 5 TAO:0001133 teleost_anatomy pharyngeal pouch 4 TAO:0001134 teleost_anatomy neural tube TAO:0001135 presumptive central nervous system teleost_anatomy hypodermis A layer separating the inner face of the dermis from the subjacent muscle cells. It is covered on both sides by a basement membrane. It contains pigment cells. Le Guellec et al, 2004. TAO:0001136 subcutis teleost_anatomy A layer separating the inner face of the dermis from the subjacent muscle cells. It is covered on both sides by a basement membrane. It contains pigment cells. Le Guellec et al, 2004. ZFIN:curator ventral tooth row TAO:0001137 Tooth row that is the ventralmost row of teeth on ceratobranchial 5 bone. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Tooth row that is the ventralmost row of teeth on ceratobranchial 5 bone. vestibuloauditory system TAO:0001138 teleost_anatomy mediodorsal tooth row TAO:0001139 Tooth row that is the mediodorsal row of teeth on ceratobranchial 5 bone, located between the dorsal tooth row and ventral tooth row. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Tooth row that is the mediodorsal row of teeth on ceratobranchial 5 bone, located between the dorsal tooth row and ventral tooth row. dorsal tooth row TAO:0001140 Tooth row that is the dorsalmost row of teeth on ceratobranchial 5 bone. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Tooth row that is the dorsalmost row of teeth on ceratobranchial 5 bone. tooth 1V Ceratobranchial 5 tooth which is the anteriormost tooth in the ventral tooth row. TAO:0001141 teleost_anatomy Ceratobranchial 5 tooth which is the anteriormost tooth in the ventral tooth row. TAO:wd tooth 5V Ceratobranchial 5 tooth which is the posteriormost tooth in the ventral tooth row. TAO:0001142 teleost_anatomy Ceratobranchial 5 tooth which is the posteriormost tooth in the ventral tooth row. TAO:wd tooth 4V Ceratobranchial 5 tooth which is posterior to tooth 3V and anterior to tooth 5V in the ventral tooth row. TAO:0001143 teleost_anatomy Ceratobranchial 5 tooth which is posterior to tooth 3V and anterior to tooth 5V in the ventral tooth row. TAO:wd tooth 2V Ceratobranchial 5 tooth which is posterior to tooth 1V and anterior to tooth 3V in the ventral tooth row. TAO:0001144 teleost_anatomy Ceratobranchial 5 tooth which is posterior to tooth 1V and anterior to tooth 3V in the ventral tooth row. TAO:wd tooth 3V Ceratobranchial 5 tooth which is posterior to tooth 2V and anterior to tooth 4V in the ventral tooth row. TAO:0001145 teleost_anatomy Ceratobranchial 5 tooth which is posterior to tooth 2V and anterior to tooth 4V in the ventral tooth row. TAO:wd tooth 1MD Ceratobranchial 5 tooth which is the anteriormost tooth in the mediodorsal tooth row. TAO:0001146 teleost_anatomy Ceratobranchial 5 tooth which is the anteriormost tooth in the mediodorsal tooth row. TAO:wd tooth 2MD Ceratobranchial 5 tooth which is posterior to tooth 1MD and anterior to tooth 3MD in the mediodorsal tooth row. TAO:0001147 teleost_anatomy Ceratobranchial 5 tooth which is posterior to tooth 1MD and anterior to tooth 3MD in the mediodorsal tooth row. TAO:wd tooth 1D Ceratobranchial 5 tooth which is the anteriormost tooth in the dorsal tooth row. TAO:0001148 teleost_anatomy Ceratobranchial 5 tooth which is the anteriormost tooth in the dorsal tooth row. TAO:wd olfactory system TAO:0001149 teleost_anatomy tooth 2D Ceratobranchial 5 tooth which is the posteriormost tooth in the dorsal tooth row. TAO:0001150 teleost_anatomy Ceratobranchial 5 tooth which is the posteriormost tooth in the dorsal tooth row. TAO:wd tooth 4MD Ceratobranchial 5 tooth which is the posteriormost tooth in the mediodorsal tooth row. TAO:0001151 teleost_anatomy Ceratobranchial 5 tooth which is the posteriormost tooth in the mediodorsal tooth row. TAO:wd tooth 3MD Ceratobranchial 5 tooth which is posterior to tooth 2MD and anterior to tooth 4MD in the mediodorsal tooth row. TAO:0001152 teleost_anatomy Ceratobranchial 5 tooth which is posterior to tooth 2MD and anterior to tooth 4MD in the mediodorsal tooth row. TAO:wd tooth placode Placode that develops into a tooth. The placode is a thickening of the pharyngeal epithelium. TAO:0001153 dental primordium teleost_anatomy tooth germ Placode that develops into a tooth. The placode is a thickening of the pharyngeal epithelium. ZFIN:curator anal fin musculature TAO:0001154 teleost_anatomy enteric nervous system TAO:0001155 teleost_anatomy posterior lateral line placode TAO:0001156 teleost_anatomy posterior lateral line primordium A migrating group of cells originating from the posterior lateral line placode. The primordium deposits seven to nine neuromasts and interneuromasts between them during its posterior migration to the tail. Gompel et al, 2001. TAO:0001157 posterior lateral line primordia teleost_anatomy posterior lateral line primordia A migrating group of cells originating from the posterior lateral line placode. The primordium deposits seven to nine neuromasts and interneuromasts between them during its posterior migration to the tail. Gompel et al, 2001. ZFIN:curator endocrine system TAO:0001158 teleost_anatomy immune system TAO:0001159 teleost_anatomy dorsal scute Scute that is a bony plate that forms in dorsal midline of body margin between the skull and dorsal fin. TAO:0001160 teleost_anatomy Scute that is a bony plate that forms in dorsal midline of body margin between the skull and dorsal fin. TAO:wd pectoral fin Paired fin that is located in the thoracic region of the body. TAO:0001161 VSAO:0000147 forefin nageoire pectorale (French) omoptérygie (French) teleost_anatomy thoracoptérygie (French) true Paired fin that is located in the thoracic region of the body. TAO:wd PSPUB:0000154 omoptérygie (French) PSPUB:0000140 thoracoptérygie (French) PSPUB:0000164 nageoire pectorale (French) anal fin Median fin that is located posterior to the anus. TAO:0001162 VSAO:0000163 nageoire anale (French) proctoptère (French) proctoptérygie (French) teleost_anatomy true PAPUB:0000142 PSPUB:0000140 proctoptérygie (French) PSPUB:0000164 nageoire anale (French) PSPUB:0000136 proctoptère (French) Median fin that is located posterior to the anus. TAO:wd supraneural 7 bone TAO:0001163 teleost_anatomy supraneural 6 bone TAO:0001164 sn6 teleost_anatomy supraneural 5 bone TAO:0001165 sn5 teleost_anatomy supraneural 9 bone TAO:0001166 teleost_anatomy vertebra 1 TAO:0001167 Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to the neurocranium. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to the neurocranium. vertebra 2 TAO:0001168 Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to vertebra 1. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to vertebra 1. vertebra 3 TAO:0001169 Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to vertebra 2. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to vertebra 2. vertebra 4 TAO:0001170 Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to vertebra 5. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to vertebra 5. os suspensorium Endochondral bone and Weberian ossicle that is an element of the fourth vertebra that curves ventrally around the anterior head of the swim bladder. TAO:0001171 Weberian ossicle 5 fifth Weberian ossicle teleost_anatomy Endochondral bone and Weberian ossicle that is an element of the fourth vertebra that curves ventrally around the anterior head of the swim bladder. ZFIN:curator roofing cartilage Cartilaginous larval structure dorsal to the four anterior-most vertebrae, which forms the connection between neural arches and supraneurals in the Weberian apparatus. Bird and Mabee, 2003. TAO:0001172 teleost_anatomy Cartilaginous larval structure dorsal to the four anterior-most vertebrae, which forms the connection between neural arches and supraneurals in the Weberian apparatus. Bird and Mabee, 2003. ZFIN:curator dorsal fin Median fin located on the dorsal surface of the organism. TAO:0001173 VSAO:0000165 nageoire dorsale (French) notoptère (French) notoptérygie (French) teleost_anatomy true PSPUB:0000163 notoptère (French) PSPUB:0000164 nageoire dorsale (French) PSPUB:0000140 notoptérygie (French) Median fin located on the dorsal surface of the organism. TAO:wd pharyngeal epithelium Epithelium lining the pharynx consisting largely of simple columnar epithelium with a short segment (1mm) of stratified squamous epithelium on the ventral side. Chen et al, 2007. TAO:0001174 teleost_anatomy Epithelium lining the pharynx consisting largely of simple columnar epithelium with a short segment (1mm) of stratified squamous epithelium on the ventral side. Chen et al, 2007. ZFIN:curator blastodisc TAO:0001175 teleost_anatomy blastoderm TAO:0001176 teleost_anatomy roof plate spinal cord TAO:0001177 teleost_anatomy non neural ectoderm TAO:0001178 teleost_anatomy ventral ectoderm epidermal superficial stratum TAO:0001179 teleost_anatomy epidermal basal stratum TAO:0001180 teleost_anatomy epidermal intermediate stratum TAO:0001181 teleost_anatomy dermal deep region Portion of the dermis characterized by a well-arranged, plywood-like, collagenous network. Le Guellec et al, 2004. TAO:0001182 stratum compactum teleost_anatomy Portion of the dermis characterized by a well-arranged, plywood-like, collagenous network. Le Guellec et al, 2004. ZFIN:curator dermal superficial region TAO:0001183 stratum laxum teleost_anatomy pelvic fin Paired fin located in the abdominal position of the body. TAO:0001184 VSAO:0000129 ischioptérygie (French) nageoire pelvienne (French) teleost_anatomy true Paired fin located in the abdominal position of the body. TAO:wd PSPUB:0000164 nageoire pelvienne (French) PSPUB:0000142 ischioptérygie (French) periderm EVL TAO:0001185 The outermost epidermal layer covering the fish at embryonic stages; derived from the EVL and thought to eventually be replaced by the superficial stratum of the epidermis. Sometimes used synonymously with EVL. Le Guellec et al, 2004. teleost_anatomy The outermost epidermal layer covering the fish at embryonic stages; derived from the EVL and thought to eventually be replaced by the superficial stratum of the epidermis. Sometimes used synonymously with EVL. Le Guellec et al, 2004. ZFIN:curator collagenous dermal stroma A layer of collagen fibrils present in the imature integument in an acellular subepidermal space. At first, the fibrils are all oriented in the same direction, later they form the complex plywood-like structure that is characteristic of the dermal deep region. Le Guellec et al, 2004. TAO:0001186 primary dermal stroma teleost_anatomy A layer of collagen fibrils present in the imature integument in an acellular subepidermal space. At first, the fibrils are all oriented in the same direction, later they form the complex plywood-like structure that is characteristic of the dermal deep region. Le Guellec et al, 2004. ZFIN:curator presumptive midbrain hindbrain boundary MHB TAO:0001187 teleost_anatomy Weberian apparatus Anatomical cluster that consists of the anteriormost vertebrae and associated structures that connect the swim bladder to the inner ear. TAO:0001188 Vertebra 1-4, and sometimes vertebra 5 in some catfishes, are part of the Weberian apparatus. Weberian apparatus is present in Otophysi. teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster that consists of the anteriormost vertebrae and associated structures that connect the swim bladder to the inner ear. ZFIN:curator vertebra Endochondral bone that forms around the notochord and is part of the vertebral column. TAO:0001189 teleost_anatomy Endochondral bone that forms around the notochord and is part of the vertebral column. ZFIN:curator Weberian vertebra TAO:0001190 Vertebra that is part of the Weberian apparatus. Weberian vertebra are usually vertebra 1-4. Present in Otophysi. Weberian vertebrae teleost_anatomy Weberian vertebrae Vertebra that is part of the Weberian apparatus. ZFIN:curator supraneural 2 bone In otophysans, supraneural 2 bone is part of the neural complex. Supraneural bone located dorsal to vertebra 2. TAO:0001191 small supraneural sn2 teleost_anatomy TAO:doi:10.1046/j.1096-3642.2002.00014.x small supraneural Supraneural bone located dorsal to vertebra 2. ZFIN:curator supraneural 3 bone In otophysans, supraneural 3 bone is part of the neural complex and fuses in development with neural arches 3 and 4. Supraneural bone that is located dorsal to vertebrae 3 and 4. TAO:0001192 large supraneural sn3 teleost_anatomy Supraneural bone that is located dorsal to vertebrae 3 and 4. ZFIN:curator TAO:doi:10.1046/j.1096-3642.2002.00014.x large supraneural supraneural 8 bone TAO:0001193 teleost_anatomy cranial neural crest Neural crest that is part of the head. TAO:0001194 teleost_anatomy Neural crest that is part of the head. ZFIN:curator pars anterior TAO:0001195 pars distalis teleost_anatomy pars tuberalis TAO:0001196 teleost_anatomy pars intermedia TAO:0001197 teleost_anatomy adenohypophyseal placode TAO:0001198 pituitary placode teleost_anatomy infundibulum A short stalk connecting the pituitary with the brain. Axons of secretory cells in the floor of the diencephalon traverse the infundibulum and terminate in the neurohypophysis. TAO:0001199 hypophysial stalk infundibulum of hypothalamus pituitary stalk teleost_anatomy A short stalk connecting the pituitary with the brain. Axons of secretory cells in the floor of the diencephalon traverse the infundibulum and terminate in the neurohypophysis. ZFIN:curator corpuscles of Stannius Islands of eosinic cells found on the lateroventral surface of the kidney. Function is thought to be that of the parathyroid gland in other vertebrates, which are lacking in fishes. These cells secrete hypocalcin (teleocalcin) to regulate calcium metabolism. TAO:0001200 teleost_anatomy Islands of eosinic cells found on the lateroventral surface of the kidney. Function is thought to be that of the parathyroid gland in other vertebrates, which are lacking in fishes. These cells secrete hypocalcin (teleocalcin) to regulate calcium metabolism. ZFIN:curator ventral lateral mesoderm TAO:0001201 teleost_anatomy optic cup TAO:0001202 eye cup teleost_anatomy ciliary body TAO:0001203 teleost_anatomy axial mesoderm TAO:0001204 teleost_anatomy Meckel's cartilage Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is the cartilaginous embryonic component of the lower jaw, or ventral mandibular arch. It develops into the endochondral articular and retroarticular bones. Meckel's cartilage is paired. TAO:0001205 teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is the cartilaginous embryonic component of the lower jaw, or ventral mandibular arch. It develops into the endochondral articular and retroarticular bones. Meckel's cartilage is paired. ZFIN:curator intermediate mesoderm IM TAO:0001206 teleost_anatomy presumptive rhombomere 1 TAO:0001207 teleost_anatomy presumptive rhombomere 2 TAO:0001208 teleost_anatomy presumptive rhombomere 7 TAO:0001209 teleost_anatomy presumptive rhombomere 6 TAO:0001210 teleost_anatomy presumptive rhombomere 5 TAO:0001211 teleost_anatomy presumptive rhombomere 4 TAO:0001212 teleost_anatomy presumptive rhombomere 3 TAO:0001213 teleost_anatomy presumptive rhombomere 8 TAO:0001214 teleost_anatomy thalamus TAO:0001215 teleost_anatomy splanchnocranium Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and consists of the jaws, hyoid and branchial arches. TAO:0001216 pharyngeal arch skeleton pharyngeal skeleton teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and consists of the jaws, hyoid and branchial arches. ZFIN:curator presumptive hypochord TAO:0001217 teleost_anatomy presumptive floor plate TAO:0001218 teleost_anatomy copula Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is ventral, median, and associated with more than one pharyngeal arch in the pharyngeal arch 3-7 skeleton. TAO:0001220 basibranchial copula copulae teleost_anatomy copulae Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is ventral, median, and associated with more than one pharyngeal arch in the pharyngeal arch 3-7 skeleton. ZFIN:curator anterior copula Copula that is ventral, median, and associated with pharyngeal arches 3-5. TAO:0001221 anterior basibranchial copula copula 1 copula 2 teleost_anatomy Copula that is ventral, median, and associated with pharyngeal arches 3-5. ZFIN:curator posterior copula Copula that is ventral, median, and associated with branchial arches 4 and 5 (pharyngeal arches 6-7). TAO:0001222 copula 2 copula 3 posterior basibranchial copula posterior copula teleost_anatomy Copula that is ventral, median, and associated with branchial arches 4 and 5 (pharyngeal arches 6-7). ZFIN:curator basibranchial 1 bone Basibranchial bone that is ventral, median, and associated with branchial arch 1 (pharyngeal arch 3). Typically develops in the anterior copula cartilage. TAO:0001223 teleost_anatomy Basibranchial bone that is ventral, median, and associated with branchial arch 1 (pharyngeal arch 3). Typically develops in the anterior copula cartilage. ZFIN:curator basibranchial 2 bone Basibranchial bone that is ventral, median, and associated with branchial arch 2 (pharyngeal arch 4). Typically develops in the anterior copula cartilage. TAO:0001224 teleost_anatomy Basibranchial bone that is ventral, median, and associated with branchial arch 2 (pharyngeal arch 4). Typically develops in the anterior copula cartilage. ZFIN:curator basibranchial 3 bone Basibranchial bone that is ventral, median, and associated with branchial arch 3 (pharyngeal arch 5). Typically develops in the anterior copula cartilage. TAO:0001225 teleost_anatomy Basibranchial bone that is ventral, median, and associated with branchial arch 3 (pharyngeal arch 5). Typically develops in the anterior copula cartilage. ZFIN:curator basibranchial 4 bone Basibranchial bone that is ventral, median, and associated with branchial arch 4 (pharyngeal arch 6). Develops in posterior copula cartilage or basibranchial 4 cartilage. TAO:0001226 teleost_anatomy Basibranchial bone that is ventral, median, and associated with branchial arch 4 (pharyngeal arch 6). Develops in posterior copula cartilage or basibranchial 4 cartilage. ZFIN:curator mandibular arch Skeletal and cartilaginous elements of the first pharyngeal arch. TAO:0001227 jaw cartilage jaws oral jaw skeleton pharyngeal arch 1 skeleton teleost_anatomy visceral arch 1 Skeletal and cartilaginous elements of the first pharyngeal arch. ZFIN:curator gill arch 1 skeleton TAO:0001228 branchial arch 1 pharyngeal arch 3 skeleton teleost_anatomy visceral arch 3 gill arch 5 skeleton TAO:0001229 branchial arch 5 skeleton pharyngeal arch 7 skeleton teleost_anatomy visceral arch 7 skeleton gill arch 4 skeleton TAO:0001230 branchial arch 4 skeleton pharyngeal arch 6 skeleton teleost_anatomy visceral arch 6 skeleton gill arch 2 skeleton TAO:0001231 branchial arch 2 skeleton pharyngeal arch 4 skeleton teleost_anatomy visceral arch 4 skeleton gill arch 3 skeleton TAO:0001232 branchial arch 3 skeleton pharyngeal arch 5 skeleton teleost_anatomy visceral arch 5 skeleton hypobranchial 1 bone Hypobranchial bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with a median skeletal element medially and with a ceratobranchial 1 element laterally. Develops in hypobranchial 1 cartilage. TAO:0001233 teleost_anatomy Hypobranchial bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with a median skeletal element medially and with a ceratobranchial 1 element laterally. Develops in hypobranchial 1 cartilage. ZFIN:curator hypobranchial 4 bone Hypobranchial bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with a median skeletal element medially and with a ceratobranchial 4 element laterally. Develops in hypobranchial 4 cartilage. TAO:0001234 teleost_anatomy Hypobranchial bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with a median skeletal element medially and with a ceratobranchial 4 element laterally. Develops in hypobranchial 4 cartilage. ZFIN:curator hypobranchial 3 bone Hypobranchial bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with a median skeletal element medially and with a ceratobranchial 3 element laterally. Develops in hypobranchial 3 cartilage. TAO:0001235 teleost_anatomy Hypobranchial bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with a median skeletal element medially and with a ceratobranchial 3 element laterally. Develops in hypobranchial 3 cartilage. ZFIN:curator hypobranchial 2 bone Hypobranchial bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with a median skeletal element medially and with a ceratobranchial 2 element laterally. Develops in hypobranchial 2 cartilage. TAO:0001236 teleost_anatomy Hypobranchial bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with a median skeletal element medially and with a ceratobranchial 2 element laterally. Develops in hypobranchial 2 cartilage. ZFIN:curator ceratobranchial 1 bone Ceratobranchial bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with epibranchial 1 cartilage or bone. TAO:0001237 teleost_anatomy Ceratobranchial bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with epibranchial 1 cartilage or bone. ZFIN:curator iris TAO:0001238 teleost_anatomy ceratobranchial 5 bone Ceratobranchial bone that is the most posterior, bilaterally paired ventral pharyngeal arch bone. Synonym 'lower pharyngeal' from Weitzman, 1962. Synonym 'inferior pharyngeal bone' from Saxena, S.C. (1960). The cranial musculature of a hill-stream cyprinid fish Garra mullya (Sykes). Proceedings of the National Institute of Science in India. 26B(4): 176-188. Synonym 'pharyngeal arch' from Eastman, J.T. (1971). The pharyngeal bone musculature of the carp, Cyprinus carpio. Journal of Morphology. 134(2): 131-140. TAO:0001239 inferior pharyngeal bone lower pharyngeal teleost_anatomy Ceratobranchial bone that is the most posterior, bilaterally paired ventral pharyngeal arch bone. ZFIN:curator ceratobranchial 4 bone Ceratobranchial bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with epibranchial 4 cartilage or bone. TAO:0001240 teleost_anatomy Ceratobranchial bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with epibranchial 4 cartilage or bone. ZFIN:curator ceratobranchial 3 bone Ceratobranchial bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with epibranchial 3 cartilage or bone. TAO:0001241 teleost_anatomy Ceratobranchial bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with epibranchial 3 cartilage or bone. ZFIN:curator ceratobranchial 2 bone Ceratobranchial bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with epibranchial 2 cartilage or bone. TAO:0001242 teleost_anatomy Ceratobranchial bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with epibranchial 2 cartilage or bone. ZFIN:curator epibranchial 1 bone Epibranchial bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial 1 cartilage or bone and medially with pharyngobranchial cartilage or bone. TAO:0001243 teleost_anatomy Epibranchial bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial 1 cartilage or bone and medially with pharyngobranchial cartilage or bone. ZFIN:curator epibranchial 5 cartilage Epibranchial cartilage that is bilaterally paired and located at the articulation of epibranchial 4 cartilage or bone and the posterior tip of ceratobranchial 4 cartilage or bone. TAO:0001244 accessory cartilage interbranchial interbranchial IV teleost_anatomy Epibranchial cartilage that is bilaterally paired and located at the articulation of epibranchial 4 cartilage or bone and the posterior tip of ceratobranchial 4 cartilage or bone. ZFIN:curator epibranchial 4 bone Epibranchial bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial 4 cartilage or bone and medially with pharyngobranchial cartilage or bone. TAO:0001245 teleost_anatomy Epibranchial bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial 4 cartilage or bone and medially with pharyngobranchial cartilage or bone. ZFIN:curator epibranchial 2 bone Epibranchial bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial 2 cartilage or bone and medially with pharyngobranchial cartilage or bone. TAO:0001246 teleost_anatomy Epibranchial bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial 2 cartilage or bone and medially with pharyngobranchial cartilage or bone. ZFIN:curator epibranchial 3 bone Epibranchial bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial 3 cartilage or bone and medially with pharyngobranchial cartilage or bone. TAO:0001247 teleost_anatomy Epibranchial bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial 3 cartilage or bone and medially with pharyngobranchial cartilage or bone. ZFIN:curator dorsal scute series TAO:0001248 teleost_anatomy exocrine pancreas TAO:0001249 The exocrine pancreas is composed of acinar epithelial cells and ductal epithelium that manufacture the proteolytic enzymes and bicarbonate required for digestion. teleost_anatomy The exocrine pancreas is composed of acinar epithelial cells and ductal epithelium that manufacture the proteolytic enzymes and bicarbonate required for digestion. ZFIN:curator pharyngobranchial 2 bone Pharyngobranchial bone, located medial to the epibranchials and posteriorly adjacent to pharyngobranchial 1 element. TAO:0001250 infrapharyngobranchial 2 teleost_anatomy Pharyngobranchial bone, located medial to the epibranchials and posteriorly adjacent to pharyngobranchial 1 element. ZFIN:curator pharyngobranchial 4 cartilage Most posterior pharyngobranchial cartilage, located medial to the epibranchials. TAO:0001251 infrapharyngobranchial 4 cartilage infrapharyngobranchials teleost_anatomy infrapharyngobranchials Most posterior pharyngobranchial cartilage, located medial to the epibranchials. ZFIN:curator pharyngobranchial 3 bone Pharyngobranchial bone, located medial to the epibranchials and posteriorly adjacent to pharyngobranchial 2 element. TAO:0001252 infrapharyngobranchial 3 teleost_anatomy Pharyngobranchial bone, located medial to the epibranchials and posteriorly adjacent to pharyngobranchial 2 element. TAO:wd neural arch 2 Neural arch that is the second after the neurocranium. TAO:0001253 teleost_anatomy Neural arch that is the second after the neurocranium. TAO:wd abdominal scute series TAO:0001254 abdominal scutes teleost_anatomy abdominal scutes lateral floor plate TAO:0001256 teleost_anatomy medial floor plate TAO:0001257 The medial portion of the spinal cord floor plate, located adjacent to the notochord. teleost_anatomy The medial portion of the spinal cord floor plate, located adjacent to the notochord. ZFIN:curator floor plate hindbrain TAO:0001258 teleost_anatomy forebrain ventricle TAO:0001259 forebrain vesicle prosencephalic ventricle teleost_anatomy endocrine pancreas TAO:0001260 The zebrafish endocrine pancreas is composed of small groups of islet cells that are distributed throughout the exocrine pancreas. The islet cells produce insulin, glucagon and somatostatin. pancreatic islet teleost_anatomy The zebrafish endocrine pancreas is composed of small groups of islet cells that are distributed throughout the exocrine pancreas. The islet cells produce insulin, glucagon and somatostatin. ZFIN:curator ventricular system TAO:0001261 teleost_anatomy gonad primordium Immature reproductive tissue that has not undergone final maturation into either testis or ovary. TAO:0001262 gonadal primordium teleost_anatomy undifferentiated gonad Immature reproductive tissue that has not undergone final maturation into either testis or ovary. ZFIN:curator ovarian follicle stage I Stage I follicles (less than 140 microns) are primary growth stage. Selman et al, 1993. TAO:0001263 previtillogenic ovarian follicle teleost_anatomy Stage I follicles (less than 140 microns) are primary growth stage. Selman et al, 1993. ZFIN:curator ovarian follicle stage IV Stage IV (690-730 microns) are oocyte maturation. Selman et al, 1993. TAO:0001264 mature ovarian follicle teleost_anatomy Stage IV (690-730 microns) are oocyte maturation. Selman et al, 1993. ZFIN:curator ovarian follicle stage II Stage II follicles (140-340 microns) are cortical alveolus stage. Selman et al, 1993. TAO:0001265 teleost_anatomy Stage II follicles (140-340 microns) are cortical alveolus stage. Selman et al, 1993. ZFIN:curator ovarian follicle stage III Stage III (340-690 microns) are vitellogenesis. Selman et al, 1993. TAO:0001266 teleost_anatomy Stage III (340-690 microns) are vitellogenesis. Selman et al, 1993. ZFIN:curator cranial vasculature TAO:0001267 head vasculature teleost_anatomy sperm duct TAO:0001268 sperm ducts teleost_anatomy sperm ducts regenerating fin TAO:0001269 teleost_anatomy blastema TAO:0001270 teleost_anatomy neurohypophysis TAO:0001271 posterior pituitary teleost_anatomy palatoquadrate arch TAO:0001272 The dorsal portion of the first pharyngeal arch, comprising the upper jaw. dorsal mandibular arch dorsal visceral arch 2 teleost_anatomy upper jaw upper pharyngeal jaws The dorsal portion of the first pharyngeal arch, comprising the upper jaw. ZFIN:curator ventral mandibular arch TAO:0001273 The ventral portion of the first pharyngeal arch, comprising the lower jaw. lower jaw mandible mandibles mandibular series teleost_anatomy The ventral portion of the first pharyngeal arch, comprising the lower jaw. ZFIN:curator mandibles coronomeckelian TAO:0001274 Tendon bone located on the median side of the lower jaw, dorsal to Meckel's cartilage and medial to the angular. The coronomeckelian forms as an ossification of the tendon of the adductor mandibulae muscle. The coronomeckelian is a paired bone. sesamoid articular sesamoid coronoid teleost_anatomy Tendon bone located on the median side of the lower jaw, dorsal to Meckel's cartilage and medial to the angular. The coronomeckelian forms as an ossification of the tendon of the adductor mandibulae muscle. The coronomeckelian is a paired bone. ZFIN:curator sublingual Endochondral bone that is the median element of the ventral hyoid arch, generally lying between the paired ventral hypohyals. TAO:0001275 teleost_anatomy Endochondral bone that is the median element of the ventral hyoid arch, generally lying between the paired ventral hypohyals. TAO:je hyoid arch TAO:0001276 hyal (French) hyoid bars hyoïde (French) pharyngeal arch 2 skeleton teleost_anatomy ventral visceral arch 2 visceral arch 2 PSPUB:0000164 hyoïde (French) PSPUB:0000139 hyal (French) anterior chamber swim bladder TAO:0001277 The anterior compartment of the swim bladder is thought to have acoustic resonance properties that play a key role in audition. It is connected to the posterior chamber via the dusctus communicans. Finney et al, 2006. teleost_anatomy The anterior compartment of the swim bladder is thought to have acoustic resonance properties that play a key role in audition. It is connected to the posterior chamber via the dusctus communicans. Finney et al, 2006. ZFIN:curator posterior chamber swim bladder TAO:0001278 The posterior compartment of the swim bladder plays a key role in buoyancy control. It is connected to the anterior chamber via the dusctus communicans. Finney et al, 2006. teleost_anatomy The posterior compartment of the swim bladder plays a key role in buoyancy control. It is connected to the anterior chamber via the dusctus communicans. Finney et al, 2006. ZFIN:curator branchiostegal ray 1 Branchiostegal ray that is the anterior-most ray in the adult. TAO:0001279 teleost_anatomy Branchiostegal ray that is the anterior-most ray in the adult. ZFIN:curator branchiostegal ray 3 Branchiostegal ray that is the third anterior-most ray in the adult. TAO:0001280 teleost_anatomy Branchiostegal ray that is the third anterior-most ray in the adult. ZFIN:curator branchiostegal ray 2 Branchiostegal ray that is the second anterior-most ray in the adult. TAO:0001281 teleost_anatomy Branchiostegal ray that is the second anterior-most ray in the adult. ZFIN:curator adenohypophysis TAO:0001282 The anterior lobe of the hypophysis (pituitary gland). This lobe contains cells that produce prolactin, growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and proopiomelanocortin. In contrast to mamalian vertebrates, the adenohypophysis remains in a subepithelial position and there exists no equivalent of Rathke's pouch in zebrafish. Herzog et al, 2004. anterior pituitary teleost_anatomy The anterior lobe of the hypophysis (pituitary gland). This lobe contains cells that produce prolactin, growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and proopiomelanocortin. In contrast to mamalian vertebrates, the adenohypophysis remains in a subepithelial position and there exists no equivalent of Rathke's pouch in zebrafish. Herzog et al, 2004. ZFIN:curator pupil TAO:0001283 teleost_anatomy optic fissure TAO:0001284 teleost_anatomy intersegmental vessel Se TAO:0001285 intersegmental vessels intersomitic vessels teleost_anatomy intersegmental vessels caudal vein plexus TAO:0001286 teleost_anatomy renal tubule TAO:0001287 renal tubules teleost_anatomy renal tubules renal glomeruli TAO:0001288 teleost_anatomy ciliary marginal zone CMZ Region at the periphery of the retina where retinal stem cells are located. After 60 hpf, the CMZ is the source of most retinal growth. Wehman et al, 2005. TAO:0001289 circumferential germinal zone teleost_anatomy Region at the periphery of the retina where retinal stem cells are located. After 60 hpf, the CMZ is the source of most retinal growth. Wehman et al, 2005. ZFIN:curator stomodeum Anterior part of the embryonic alimentary canal formed as an invagination of the ectoderm; the future mouth. TAO:0001290 teleost_anatomy Anterior part of the embryonic alimentary canal formed as an invagination of the ectoderm; the future mouth. ZFIN:curator facial ganglion TAO:0001291 gVII geniculate ganglion teleost_anatomy epiphyseal stalk TAO:0001292 The stalk emanates from the diencephalic roof at a left-of-medial position. pineal stalk teleost_anatomy The stalk emanates from the diencephalic roof at a left-of-medial position. ZFIN:curator posterior kidney TAO:0001293 teleost_anatomy epibranchial placode TAO:0001294 epibranchial placodes teleost_anatomy epibranchial placodes facial placode TAO:0001295 geniculate placode teleost_anatomy glossopharyngeal placode TAO:0001296 petrosal placode teleost_anatomy vagal placode 1 TAO:0001297 teleost_anatomy vagal placode 2 TAO:0001298 teleost_anatomy vagal placode 3 TAO:0001299 teleost_anatomy vagal placode 4 TAO:0001300 teleost_anatomy glossopharyngeal ganglion TAO:0001301 gIX petrosal ganglion teleost_anatomy vagal ganglion 1 TAO:0001302 gX1 nodose ganglion 1 teleost_anatomy vagal ganglion 2 TAO:0001303 gX2 nodose ganglion 2 teleost_anatomy vagal ganglion 3 TAO:0001304 gX3 nodose ganglion 3 teleost_anatomy vagal ganglion 4 TAO:0001305 gX4 nodose ganglion 4 teleost_anatomy pharyngeal arch TAO:0001306 pharyngeal arches teleost_anatomy pharyngeal arches pharyngeal musculature TAO:0001307 teleost_anatomy organism subdivision Anatomical structure which is a primary subdivision of whole organism. The mereological sum of these is the whole organism. CARO:0000032 CARO:0000032 TAO:0001308 body part teleost_anatomy true Anatomical structure which is a primary subdivision of whole organism. The mereological sum of these is the whole organism. ZFIN:curator neurogenic placode TAO:0001309 teleost_anatomy dorsolateral placode TAO:0001310 dorsolateral placodes teleost_anatomy dorsolateral placodes roof plate rhombomere TAO:0001311 teleost_anatomy dorsal anterior lateral line ganglion TAO:0001312 anterodorsal lateral line ganglion teleost_anatomy ventral anterior lateral line ganglion TAO:0001313 anteroventral lateral line ganglion teleost_anatomy posterior lateral line ganglion TAO:0001314 The posterior lateral line ganglion develops from a cranial ectodermal placode and contains sensory neurons that innervate the posterior lateral line system. teleost_anatomy The posterior lateral line ganglion develops from a cranial ectodermal placode and contains sensory neurons that innervate the posterior lateral line system. ZFIN:curator atrioventricular canal AV canal TAO:0001315 teleost_anatomy anterior lateral line placode TAO:0001316 teleost_anatomy endocardial cushion Swellings of tissue present between the endocardial and myocardial cell layers that will give rise to the interstitial cells of the cardiac valves. TAO:0001317 endocardial cushions teleost_anatomy Swellings of tissue present between the endocardial and myocardial cell layers that will give rise to the interstitial cells of the cardiac valves. ZFIN:curator endocardial cushions cardiac jelly TAO:0001318 The extracellular matrix between the myocardium and the endocardium. The cardiac jelly plays a central role in the septation of the heart and comprises most of the thickness of the heart wall at early stages, but disappears as the heart differentiates. teleost_anatomy The extracellular matrix between the myocardium and the endocardium. The cardiac jelly plays a central role in the septation of the heart and comprises most of the thickness of the heart wall at early stages, but disappears as the heart differentiates. ZFIN:curator myocardium TAO:0001319 cardiac muscle teleost_anatomy endocardium Layer that lines the lumen of the heart. TAO:0001320 teleost_anatomy Layer that lines the lumen of the heart. ZFIN:curator neurocranial trabecula TAO:0001321 neurocranial trabeculae teleost_anatomy trabecula neurocranial trabeculae dorsoventral diencephalic tract A tract originating in the epiphysis and fasiculating with the tract of the postoptic commissure. Ross et al, 1992. DVDT TAO:0001322 teleost_anatomy A tract originating in the epiphysis and fasiculating with the tract of the postoptic commissure. Ross et al, 1992. ZFIN:curator mid intestine TAO:0001323 The terminal region of the mid intestine is comprised of specialized enterocytes that appear to play a role in mucosal immunity. Wallace et al, 2005. teleost_anatomy The terminal region of the mid intestine is comprised of specialized enterocytes that appear to play a role in mucosal immunity. Wallace et al, 2005. ZFIN:curator enteric musculature TAO:0001324 teleost_anatomy neural prezygapophysis Paired, anteromedially directed processes from the neural arches, ligamentously joined to the postzygapophyses of the preceding vertebra. TAO:0001325 neural prezygapophyses neural prezygopophyses teleost_anatomy Paired, anteromedially directed processes from the neural arches, ligamentously joined to the postzygapophyses of the preceding vertebra. ZFIN:curator neural prezygapophyses lens epithelium TAO:0001326 teleost_anatomy abdominal musculature TAO:0001327 teleost_anatomy neuromere A metameric segment of the central nervous system. TAO:0001328 neural segment neuromeres teleost_anatomy A metameric segment of the central nervous system. ZFIN:curator neuromeres retinal inner plexiform layer TAO:0001329 The layer within the retina where the bipolar cells synapse with the dendrites of the ganglion cells. teleost_anatomy The layer within the retina where the bipolar cells synapse with the dendrites of the ganglion cells. ZFIN:curator retinal outer plexiform layer TAO:0001330 The layer within the retina where the bipolar cells synapse with the photoreceptor cells. teleost_anatomy The layer within the retina where the bipolar cells synapse with the photoreceptor cells. ZFIN:curator outer limiting membrane TAO:0001331 teleost_anatomy spinal neuromere TAO:0001332 spinal cord segment spinal neuromeres teleost_anatomy spinal neuromeres sublingual dorsal and ventral fused Sublingual that is the single element resulting from the fusion of the sublingual dorsal ossification and sublingual ventral ossification. TAO:0001333 teleost_anatomy Sublingual that is the single element resulting from the fusion of the sublingual dorsal ossification and sublingual ventral ossification. TAO:wd presumptive enteric nervous system TAO:0001334 teleost_anatomy supradorsal Supradorsals are small paired nodules of cartilage positioned at the distal ends of neural arches and the proximal end of neural spines (Arratia et al., 2001). TAO:0001335 teleost_anatomy Supradorsals are small paired nodules of cartilage positioned at the distal ends of neural arches and the proximal end of neural spines (Arratia et al., 2001). ZFIN:curator neural spine Neural spines are extensions of neural arches dorsal to the neural canal in the median skeletogenous septum. Neural spines are typically unpaired median structures but can be paired in some instances, e.g., in the abdominal region of basal teleosts such as Leptolepis, Elops, Megalops, and Hiodon). TAO:0001336 neuracanthe (French) teleost_anatomy épine neurale (French) PSPUB:0000164 épine neurale (French) PSPUB:0000120 neuracanthe (French) Neural spines are extensions of neural arches dorsal to the neural canal in the median skeletogenous septum. Neural spines are typically unpaired median structures but can be paired in some instances, e.g., in the abdominal region of basal teleosts such as Leptolepis, Elops, Megalops, and Hiodon). ZFIN:curator spermatogonia TAO:0001337 teleost_anatomy intestine TAO:0001338 teleost_anatomy nucleus of the tract of the anterior commissure TAO:0001339 Telencephalic nucleus containing the cell bodies of neurons whose axons form the anterior commissure. ntAC teleost_anatomy Telencephalic nucleus containing the cell bodies of neurons whose axons form the anterior commissure. ZFIN:curator nucleus of the tract of the postoptic commissure TAO:0001340 The nucleus containing the cell bodies of neurons whose axons form the postoptic commissure. ntPOC teleost_anatomy The nucleus containing the cell bodies of neurons whose axons form the postoptic commissure. ZFIN:curator intervening zone A zone of delayed differentiation at the midbrainhindbrain boundary. The IZ separates midbrain from anterior hindbrain neuronal clusters and has been described in all vertebrates. Geling et al, 2003. IZ TAO:0001341 teleost_anatomy A zone of delayed differentiation at the midbrainhindbrain boundary. The IZ separates midbrain from anterior hindbrain neuronal clusters and has been described in all vertebrates. Geling et al, 2003. ZFIN:curator presumptive intervening zone TAO:0001342 teleost_anatomy telencephalon diencephalon boundary TAO:0001343 teleost_anatomy zona limitans intrathalamica TAO:0001344 The border between the dorsal and ventral thalamus. teleost_anatomy zli The border between the dorsal and ventral thalamus. ZFIN:curator interrenal gland An epithelial structure consisting of steroid producing cells interposed with chromaffin cells embedded within the head kidney. The interrenal gland is thought to be the equivalent of the mammalian adrenal cortex in zebrafish. Hsu et al. 2003. TAO:0001345 teleost_anatomy An epithelial structure consisting of steroid producing cells interposed with chromaffin cells embedded within the head kidney. The interrenal gland is thought to be the equivalent of the mammalian adrenal cortex in zebrafish. Hsu et al. 2003. ZFIN:curator interrenal primordium TAO:0001346 teleost_anatomy stratum fibrosum et griseum superficiale TAO:0001347 teleost_anatomy stratum marginale TAO:0001348 teleost_anatomy stratum opticum TAO:0001349 teleost_anatomy stratum griseum centrale TAO:0001350 teleost_anatomy stratum album centrale TAO:0001351 teleost_anatomy stratum periventriculare TAO:0001352 teleost_anatomy mesencephalic tectum TAO:0001353 teleost_anatomy mesencephalic tegmentum TAO:0001354 teleost_anatomy primitive meninx TAO:0001355 meninges meninx primitiva teleost_anatomy terminal nerve TAO:0001356 The terminal nerve, located anterior to cranial nerve I, is comprised of a group of cells with somata adjacent to the olfactory bulb and processes that extend anteriorly to the olfactory epithelium and posteriorly to the telencephalon. In teleost fish an additional group of axons extends along the optic tract and delivers putative neuromodulators to the retina. It is thought to develop from cranial neural crest. Whitlock 2004. Also see Grens, Greenwood and Fernald, Brain Behav Evol 2005; 66(1):1-9. nervus terminalis teleost_anatomy The terminal nerve, located anterior to cranial nerve I, is comprised of a group of cells with somata adjacent to the olfactory bulb and processes that extend anteriorly to the olfactory epithelium and posteriorly to the telencephalon. In teleost fish an additional group of axons extends along the optic tract and delivers putative neuromodulators to the retina. It is thought to develop from cranial neural crest. Whitlock 2004. Also see Grens, Greenwood and Fernald, Brain Behav Evol 2005; 66(1):1-9. ZFIN:curator alar plate midbrain TAO:0001357 teleost_anatomy roof plate diencephalon TAO:0001358 teleost_anatomy pineal complex TAO:0001359 teleost_anatomy parapineal organ An unpaired left-sided accessory organ which plays a role in establishing lateral brain left right asymmetry. Gamse et al, 2003. TAO:0001360 teleost_anatomy An unpaired left-sided accessory organ which plays a role in establishing lateral brain left right asymmetry. Gamse et al, 2003. ZFIN:curator basiventral Basiventrals are bilaterally paired cartilages lateral to the notochord which are replaced by ossified parapophyses or hemal arches. TAO:0001361 arcualia teleost_anatomy Basiventrals are bilaterally paired cartilages lateral to the notochord which are replaced by ossified parapophyses or hemal arches. ZFIN:curator parapophysis Endochondral bone that forms from a lateral outgrowth of the basiventral arcualia and connects the rib with the vertebral centrum. TAO:0001362 lateral process of basiventral parapophyses teleost_anatomy transverse apophyses transverse apophysis transverse process Endochondral bone that forms from a lateral outgrowth of the basiventral arcualia and connects the rib with the vertebral centrum. ZFIN:curator transverse apophyses parapophyses neural complex Anatomical cluster that consists of supraneural 2 bone and supraneural 3 bone and their extensions, and which is part of the Weberian apparatus. TAO:0001363 TAO:0001398 Weberian supraneural teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster that consists of supraneural 2 bone and supraneural 3 bone and their extensions, and which is part of the Weberian apparatus. ZFIN:curator hemal spine Hemal spines are extensions of hemal arches in the ventral skeletogenous septum of the caudal region. TAO:0001364 haemacanthe (French) haemal spine hémacanthe (French) teleost_anatomy épine hémale (French) PSPUB:0000164 épine hémale (French) PSPUB:0000115 haemacanthe (French) Hemal spines are extensions of hemal arches in the ventral skeletogenous septum of the caudal region. ZFIN:curator PSPUB:0000143 hémacanthe (French) trigeminal motor nuclei TAO:0001365 motor nucleus V nV teleost_anatomy tract of the postoptic commissure TAO:0001366 TPOC teleost_anatomy forebrain midbrain boundary TAO:0001367 The boundary between the diencephalon and the mesencephalon. teleost_anatomy The boundary between the diencephalon and the mesencephalon. ZFIN:curator presumptive forebrain midbrain boundary TAO:0001368 teleost_anatomy anterior pancreatic bud TAO:0001369 teleost_anatomy ventral pancreatic anlage posterior pancreatic bud TAO:0001370 dorsal pancreatic anlage teleost_anatomy pancreatic system TAO:0001371 teleost_anatomy pancreatic duct TAO:0001372 teleost_anatomy migratory slow muscle precursor cell Cells that initially are located adjacent to the spinal cord and notochord along that migrate from their initial medial position radially through the myotome to the lateral surface of the somites. TAO:0001373 migratory slow muscle precursor cells teleost_anatomy migratory slow muscle precursor cells Cells that initially are located adjacent to the spinal cord and notochord along that migrate from their initial medial position radially through the myotome to the lateral surface of the somites. ZFIN:curator atrial myocardium TAO:0001374 teleost_anatomy ventriculo bulbo valve TAO:0001375 teleost_anatomy presumptive ectoderm TAO:0001376 teleost_anatomy presumptive mesoderm TAO:0001377 teleost_anatomy axial hypoblast TAO:0001378 teleost_anatomy pharyngeal ectoderm TAO:0001379 teleost_anatomy hypohyal bone Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with the anterior ceratohyal posteriorly. TAO:0001381 hypohyals teleost_anatomy hypohyals Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with the anterior ceratohyal posteriorly. ZFIN:curator epibranchial bone uncinate process Epibranchials 1-3 in adults are compound elements formed by the fusion of epibranchial cartilages and the so-called uncinate processes. Posteromedially directed uncinate processes develop on the posterior edge of epibranchials 1-3. These appear as separate centers of chondrification (6.2 mm) that later fuse laterally to the posterior edges of the epibranchial cartilages (6.8 mm). TAO:0001382 teleost_anatomy Epibranchials 1-3 in adults are compound elements formed by the fusion of epibranchial cartilages and the so-called uncinate processes. Posteromedially directed uncinate processes develop on the posterior edge of epibranchials 1-3. These appear as separate centers of chondrification (6.2 mm) that later fuse laterally to the posterior edges of the epibranchial cartilages (6.8 mm). ZFIN:curator fin bud TAO:0001383 VSAO:0000179 fin buds teleost_anatomy true fin buds pelvic fin bud Fin bud that develops into the pelvic fin. TAO:0001384 teleost_anatomy Fin bud that develops into the pelvic fin. ZFIN:curator apical ectodermal ridge pelvic fin bud Apical ectodermal ridge that is part of the pelvic fin bud. TAO:0001385 teleost_anatomy Apical ectodermal ridge that is part of the pelvic fin bud. ZIFIN:curator mesoderm pelvic fin bud Mesoderm part of pelvic fin bud. TAO:0001386 teleost_anatomy Mesoderm part of pelvic fin bud. ZFIN:curator pelvic fin skeleton Paired fin skeleton located in the abdominal position that consists of supporting endochondral radials and dermal fin rays or lepidotrichia. TAO:0001387 VSAO:0000154 teleost_anatomy true Paired fin skeleton located in the abdominal position that consists of supporting endochondral radials and dermal fin rays or lepidotrichia. TAO:GA_TG epithelial mesenchymal boundary TAO:0001388 teleost_anatomy regeneration epithelium TAO:0001389 epidermal cap teleost_anatomy wound epidermis wound epithelium pancreatic bud TAO:0001390 pancreatic buds teleost_anatomy pancreatic buds anterior lateral line ganglia TAO:0001391 The anteror lateral line ganglia develops from cranial ectodermal placodes and contain sensory neurons that innervate the anterior lateral line system. teleost_anatomy The anteror lateral line ganglia develops from cranial ectodermal placodes and contain sensory neurons that innervate the anterior lateral line system. ZFIN:curator parapophysis 1 Parapophysis that is the lateral projections from the first centrum in cyprinids, absent in catostomids, and absent in characiphysans (Fink and Fink, 1996). TAO:0001392 basipophysis 1 lateral process 1 teleost_anatomy Parapophysis that is the lateral projections from the first centrum in cyprinids, absent in catostomids, and absent in characiphysans (Fink and Fink, 1996). ZFIN:curator parapophysis 2 Parapophysis that is lateral projection from the second centrum, absent in Siluriformes (Fink and Fink, 1996). TAO:0001393 basipophysis lateral process 2 teleost_anatomy Parapophysis that is lateral projection from the second centrum, absent in Siluriformes (Fink and Fink, 1996). ZFIN:curator neural arch 3 Neural arch 3 is expanded and fused to supraneural 3 as part of a neural complex roofing and protecting the neural canal. TAO:0001394 teleost_anatomy Neural arch 3 is expanded and fused to supraneural 3 as part of a neural complex roofing and protecting the neural canal. ZFIN:curator neural arch 4 Neural arch 4 is expanded and fused to supraneural 3 as part of the neural complex. A reduced neural spine projects from the posterior margin of the neural complex. TAO:0001395 teleost_anatomy Neural arch 4 is expanded and fused to supraneural 3 as part of the neural complex. A reduced neural spine projects from the posterior margin of the neural complex. ZFIN:curator parapophysis + rib of vertebra 4 TAO:0001396 The parapophysis + rib, fused to the centrum, extends laterally then angles anteroventrally. A thin plate, the os suspensorium fuses to its median surface. fourth pleural rib plus parapophysis fourth rib plus parapophysis parapophysis/rib teleost_anatomy The parapophysis + rib, fused to the centrum, extends laterally then angles anteroventrally. A thin plate, the os suspensorium fuses to its median surface. ZFIN:curator post-Weberian supraneural Posterior to the Weberian apparatus, otophysan supraneurals form as median, unpaired, rod- or platelike elements, as in other actinopterygians. TAO:0001397 teleost_anatomy Posterior to the Weberian apparatus, otophysan supraneurals form as median, unpaired, rod- or platelike elements, as in other actinopterygians. ZFIN:curator palatoquadrate cartilage TAO:0001399 pterygoquadrate quadrate cartilage teleost_anatomy ceratohyal cartilage Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is bilaterally paired and the largest cartilaginous component of the ventral hyoid arch. TAO:0001400 teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is bilaterally paired and the largest cartilaginous component of the ventral hyoid arch. ZFIN:curator dorsal hyoid arch TAO:0001401 dorsal visceral arch 2 teleost_anatomy ventral hyoid arch TAO:0001402 teleost_anatomy ventral visceral arch 2 supraethmoid Dermal bone that first appears as paired ossifications in the membrane (dermis) dorsolateral to the ethmoid cartilage and anterolateral to the lateral ethmoids, later having the appearance of one butterfly-shaped element. Fused to the anterodorsal margin of the mesethmoid. Bordered anteriorly by the kinethmoid and posteriorly by the frontal. TAO:0001403 teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that first appears as paired ossifications in the membrane (dermis) dorsolateral to the ethmoid cartilage and anterolateral to the lateral ethmoids, later having the appearance of one butterfly-shaped element. Fused to the anterodorsal margin of the mesethmoid. Bordered anteriorly by the kinethmoid and posteriorly by the frontal. TAO:GA_TG preethmoid bone Small rounded to egg-shaped cartilage bone that sits in an anterolateral depression on the prevomer. Articulates with the autopalatine in all cypriniforms. TAO:0001404 teleost_anatomy Small rounded to egg-shaped cartilage bone that sits in an anterolateral depression on the prevomer. Articulates with the autopalatine in all cypriniforms. ZFIN:curator ethmoid cartilage Chondrocranium cartilage that is initially plate-like and formed from the anterior fusion of the trabecula crani. The ethmoid cartilage is paired. TAO:0001405 ethmoid cartilages ethmoid plate teleost_anatomy Chondrocranium cartilage that is initially plate-like and formed from the anterior fusion of the trabecula crani. The ethmoid cartilage is paired. ZFIN:curator ethmoid cartilages kinethmoid bone Sesamoid bone located in the premaxillary-ethmoid ligament, between the mesethmoid and the premaxilla. The kinethmoid is an unpaired median bone. TAO:0001406 The kinethmoid is part of the protrusion mechanism of the upper jaw and is restricted to cypriniform fishes. kinethmoideum bone teleost_anatomy Sesamoid bone located in the premaxillary-ethmoid ligament, between the mesethmoid and the premaxilla. The kinethmoid is an unpaired median bone. TAO:GA_TG ZFIN:curator infraorbital 2 Infraorbital that is the second bone of the infraorbital series. TAO:0001407 teleost_anatomy Infraorbital that is the second bone of the infraorbital series. ZFIN:curator infraorbital 3 Infraorbital that is the third bone of the infraorbital series. TAO:0001408 teleost_anatomy Infraorbital that is the third bone of the infraorbital series. ZFIN:curator infraorbital 4 Infraorbital that is the fourth bone of the infraorbital series. TAO:0001409 teleost_anatomy Infraorbital that is the fourth bone of the infraorbital series. ZFIN:curator orbital region Anatomical cluster that is a anterolateral part of the cranium and structurally supports the eye. TAO:0001410 teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster that is a anterolateral part of the cranium and structurally supports the eye. TAO:MAH sclerotic bone A pair of small dish-shaped bones that cap the anterior and posterior margin of the eyeball. TAO:0001411 teleost_anatomy A pair of small dish-shaped bones that cap the anterior and posterior margin of the eyeball. ZFIN:curator epiotic Endochondral bone that borders that medial edge of the posttemporal fossa. The epiotics are sutured to parietals and supraoccipital dorsally, the exoccipitals ventrally and the pterotics laterally. The epiotic is a paired bone. TAO:0000659 TAO:0001412 epioccipital epioccipitals teleost_anatomy epioccipitals Endochondral bone that borders that medial edge of the posttemporal fossa. The epiotics are sutured to parietals and supraoccipital dorsally, the exoccipitals ventrally and the pterotics laterally. The epiotic is a paired bone. ZFIN:curator occipital region Anatomical cluster that is located in the posterior region of the cranium and forms the margin of the foramen magnum and occiptal condyle. TAO:0001414 basicranial region teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster that is located in the posterior region of the cranium and forms the margin of the foramen magnum and occiptal condyle. TAO:MAH pelvic radial 2 TAO:0001415 teleost_anatomy pelvic radial 3 TAO:0001416 teleost_anatomy pelvic radial 1 TAO:0001417 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin lepidotrichium Lepidotrichium which is part of the dorsal fin. TAO:0001418 VSAO:0000177 dorsal fin lepidotrichia dorsal fin ray teleost_anatomy true Lepidotrichium which is part of the dorsal fin. ZFIN:curator dorsal fin lepidotrichia dorsal fin pterygiophore A range of seven to nine rod-like internal median skeletal support structures of the dorsal fin, comprised of both bone and cartilage and found between vertebrae 11 and 18. TAO:0001419 dorsal fin pterygiophores dorsal fin support teleost_anatomy dorsal fin pterygiophores A range of seven to nine rod-like internal median skeletal support structures of the dorsal fin, comprised of both bone and cartilage and found between vertebrae 11 and 18. ZFIN:curator anal fin pterygiophore A range of twelve to fourteen rod-like internal median skeletal support structures of the anal fin, comprised of both bone and cartilage and found between vertebrae 14 and 21. TAO:0001420 anal fin pterygiophores teleost_anatomy anal fin pterygiophores A range of twelve to fourteen rod-like internal median skeletal support structures of the anal fin, comprised of both bone and cartilage and found between vertebrae 14 and 21. ZFIN:curator anal fin lepidotrichium Lepidotrichium which is part of the anal fin. TAO:0001421 VSAO:0000176 anal fin lepidotrichia anal fin ray teleost_anatomy true anal fin lepidotrichia Lepidotrichium which is part of the anal fin. ZFIN:curator hyosymplectic cartilage Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates with the chondrocranium dorsally, the opercle bone posteriorly, and the palatoquadrate cartilage anteriorly. TAO:0001422 symplectic cartilage teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates with the chondrocranium dorsally, the opercle bone posteriorly, and the palatoquadrate cartilage anteriorly. ZFIN:curator parachordal cartilage Rod-shaped paired cartilages on either side of the notochord. They unite, forming the base of the chondrocranium and are replaced by the prootic bones. TAO:0001423 teleost_anatomy Rod-shaped paired cartilages on either side of the notochord. They unite, forming the base of the chondrocranium and are replaced by the prootic bones. ZFIN:curator chondrocranium Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and composed of cartilage and cartilage replacement bones. TAO:0000377 TAO:0001424 chondocranium neurocranium teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and composed of cartilage and cartilage replacement bones. ZFIN:curator basal plate cartilage TAO:0001425 teleost_anatomy posterior naris TAO:0001426 posterior nostril teleost_anatomy anterior naris TAO:0001427 anterior nostril teleost_anatomy olfactory rosette TAO:0001428 nasal rosette teleost_anatomy raphe nucleus TAO:0001429 teleost_anatomy pneumatic duct A duct connecting the esophagus to the posterior chamber of the swim bladder. Finney et al, 2006. TAO:0001430 teleost_anatomy A duct connecting the esophagus to the posterior chamber of the swim bladder. Finney et al, 2006. ZFIN:curator primitive olfactory epithelium TAO:0001431 teleost_anatomy anterior sclerotic bone Sclerotic bone that is located anterior to the eye. TAO:0001432 teleost_anatomy Sclerotic bone that is located anterior to the eye. TAO:wd posterior sclerotic bone Sclerotic bone that is located posterior to the eye. TAO:0001433 teleost_anatomy Sclerotic bone that is located posterior to the eye. TAO:wd floor plate neural tube TAO:0001434 teleost_anatomy lateral wall neural tube TAO:0001435 teleost_anatomy roof plate neural tube TAO:0001436 teleost_anatomy ductus communicans TAO:0001437 The constriction between the anterior and posterior chambers of the swim bladder. There does not appear to be an identifiable sphincter in the ductus, and therefore other musculature may regulate its opening. Finney et al, 2006. teleost_anatomy The constriction between the anterior and posterior chambers of the swim bladder. There does not appear to be an identifiable sphincter in the ductus, and therefore other musculature may regulate its opening. Finney et al, 2006. ZFIN:curator coelom TAO:0001438 body cavity teleost_anatomy anatomical system Anatomical group that has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity. CARO:0000011 CARO:0000011 TAO:0001439 teleost_anatomy true Anatomical group that has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity. ZFIN:curator rhombic lip TAO:0001440 The interface between the dorsal neuroepithelium and the roofplate of the fourth ventricle. The source of a number of migratory neuron populations of the hindbrain. presumptive cerebellum teleost_anatomy The interface between the dorsal neuroepithelium and the roofplate of the fourth ventricle. The source of a number of migratory neuron populations of the hindbrain. ZFIN:curator lower rhombic lip Posterior portion of the rhombic lip contained within rhombomeres 2-8. Gives rise to several brainstem nuclei and choroid plexus. TAO:0001441 teleost_anatomy Posterior portion of the rhombic lip contained within rhombomeres 2-8. Gives rise to several brainstem nuclei and choroid plexus. ZFIN:curator upper rhombic lip Anterior-most region of dorsal hindbrain within rhombomere 1, adjacent the midbrain-hindbrain boundary. TAO:0001442 cerebellar anlage presumptive cerebellum teleost_anatomy Anterior-most region of dorsal hindbrain within rhombomere 1, adjacent the midbrain-hindbrain boundary. ZFIN:curator choroid plexus A tuft of capillaries that project into the ventricles of the brain and secretes cerebral spinal fluid. The choroid plexus is covered by a cuboidal epithelium which maintains the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. TAO:0001443 teleost_anatomy A tuft of capillaries that project into the ventricles of the brain and secretes cerebral spinal fluid. The choroid plexus is covered by a cuboidal epithelium which maintains the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. ZFIN:curator choroid plexus third ventricle TAO:0001444 teleost_anatomy choroid plexus tectal ventricle TAO:0001445 teleost_anatomy choroid plexus fourth ventricle TAO:0001446 teleost_anatomy choroid plexus telencephalic ventricle TAO:0001447 teleost_anatomy ultimobranchial body TAO:0001448 teleost_anatomy mesenchyme pelvic fin TAO:0001449 teleost_anatomy apical ectodermal ridge pelvic fin Apical ectodermal ridge that is part of the pelvic fin. TAO:0001450 teleost_anatomy Apical ectodermal ridge that is part of the pelvic fin. ZFIN:curator zone of polarizing activity pectoral fin bud A small group of mesodermal cells located at the posterior margin of the developing fin bud. the ZPA is thought to produce retinoic acid and thereby provides positional information to the developing bud. Gibert et al., 2006. TAO:0001451 ZPA teleost_anatomy A small group of mesodermal cells located at the posterior margin of the developing fin bud. the ZPA is thought to produce retinoic acid and thereby provides positional information to the developing bud. Gibert et al., 2006. ZFIN:curator zone of polarizing activity pelvic fin bud A small group of mesodermal cells located at the posterior margin of the developing fin bud. The ZPA is thought to produce retinoic acid and thereby provides positional information to the developing bud. Gibert et al., 2006. TAO:0001452 ZPA teleost_anatomy A small group of mesodermal cells located at the posterior margin of the developing fin bud. The ZPA is thought to produce retinoic acid and thereby provides positional information to the developing bud. Gibert et al., 2006. ZFIN:curator pectoral fin field Embryonic region that develops into the pectoral fin bud. TAO:0001453 teleost_anatomy Embryonic region that develops into the pectoral fin bud. ZFIN:curator pelvic fin field Embryonic region that develops into the pelvic fin bud. TAO:0001454 teleost_anatomy Embryonic region that develops into the pelvic fin bud. ZFIN:curator scapulocoracoid cartilage Pectoral fin cartilage that consists of a paired cartilaginous plate of the embryonic primary pectoral girdle and from which the scapular and coracaoid bones ossify. TAO:0001455 coraco-scapular cartilage scapulo-coracoid cartilage scapulocoracoideum teleost_anatomy Pectoral fin cartilage that consists of a paired cartilaginous plate of the embryonic primary pectoral girdle and from which the scapular and coracaoid bones ossify. TAO:GA_TG ZFIN:curator pectoral fin endoskeletal disc A plate-like chondrogenic condensation within the pectoral fin, which subdivides into individual radials by decomposition of extracellular matrix in the inter-radial mesenchyme (Grandel and Schulte-Merker, 1998). TAO:0001456 fin plate cartilage teleost_anatomy A plate-like chondrogenic condensation within the pectoral fin, which subdivides into individual radials by decomposition of extracellular matrix in the inter-radial mesenchyme (Grandel and Schulte-Merker, 1998). ZFIN:curator postcranial axial cartilage Cartilage which is part of the axial skeleton. TAO:0001457 teleost_anatomy Cartilage which is part of the axial skeleton. ZFIN:curator cranial cartilage Cartilage which is part of the cranium. TAO:0001458 teleost_anatomy Cartilage which is part of the cranium. ZFIN:curator pelvic fin cartilage Cartilage which is part of the pelvic fin. TAO:0001459 teleost_anatomy Cartilage which is part of the pelvic fin. ZFIN:curator pharyngeal arch cartilage TAO:0001460 splanchnocranium cartilage teleost_anatomy chondrocranium cartilage TAO:0001461 neurocranium cartilage teleost_anatomy somite border TAO:0001462 somite border cell teleost_anatomy somite border cell melanophore stripe TAO:0001463 stripe stripes teleost_anatomy stripes retinal outer nuclear layer TAO:0001464 The layer within the retina where the photoreceptor cell bodies reside. teleost_anatomy The layer within the retina where the photoreceptor cell bodies reside. ZFIN:curator photoreceptor inner segment layer TAO:0001465 teleost_anatomy photoreceptor outer segment layer TAO:0001466 teleost_anatomy pharyngeal mesoderm TAO:0001467 teleost_anatomy anterior lateral line system TAO:0001468 The anterior lateral line system develops from cranial ectodermal placodes, situated between the eye and the ear, that give rise to both the neuromasts and the anterior lateral line sensory nerves that innervate the neuromasts. The anterior lateral line system consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head of all fishes and most amphibians and are innervated by several lateral line nerves, which project to the hindbrain. The anterior lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. teleost_anatomy The anterior lateral line system develops from cranial ectodermal placodes, situated between the eye and the ear, that give rise to both the neuromasts and the anterior lateral line sensory nerves that innervate the neuromasts. The anterior lateral line system consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head of all fishes and most amphibians and are innervated by several lateral line nerves, which project to the hindbrain. The anterior lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. ZFIN:curator lateral line TAO:0001469 The lateral line consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head and body of all fishes and most amphibians. The lateral line develops from cranial ectodermal placodes situated behind the ear and between the eye and ear. teleost_anatomy The lateral line consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head and body of all fishes and most amphibians. The lateral line develops from cranial ectodermal placodes situated behind the ear and between the eye and ear. ZFIN:curator anterior lateral line TAO:0001470 The anterior lateral line consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head of all fishes and most amphibians. The anterior lateral line develops from cranial ectodermal placodes situated between the eye and ear. teleost_anatomy The anterior lateral line consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head of all fishes and most amphibians. The anterior lateral line develops from cranial ectodermal placodes situated between the eye and ear. ZFIN:curator posterior lateral line system TAO:0001471 The posterior lateral line system develops from cranial ectodermal placodes, situated behind the ear, that give rise to both the neuromasts and the posterior lateral line sensory nerves that innervate the neuromasts. The posterior lateral line system consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head of all fishes and most amphibians. The neuromasts are innervated by several lateral line nerves, which project primarily to the hindbrain. The posterior mechanosensory lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. teleost_anatomy The posterior lateral line system develops from cranial ectodermal placodes, situated behind the ear, that give rise to both the neuromasts and the posterior lateral line sensory nerves that innervate the neuromasts. The posterior lateral line system consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head of all fishes and most amphibians. The neuromasts are innervated by several lateral line nerves, which project primarily to the hindbrain. The posterior mechanosensory lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. ZFIN:curator anterior lateral line neuromast Neuromast that is part of the anterior lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0001472 neuromast anterior teleost_anatomy Neuromast that is part of the anterior lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator deep blastomere Cells (completely cleaved), located underneath the superficial blastomeres and internal to the marginal blastomeres. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001473 teleost_anatomy Cells (completely cleaved), located underneath the superficial blastomeres and internal to the marginal blastomeres. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator sublingual dorsal and ventral separate Anatomical cluster consisting of the paired sublingual dorsal ossification and sublingual ventral ossification. TAO:0001474 teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster consisting of the paired sublingual dorsal ossification and sublingual ventral ossification. TAO:wd sublingual dorsal ossification Sublingual that is the dorsal element paired with the sublingual ventral ossification. TAO:0001475 teleost_anatomy Sublingual that is the dorsal element paired with the sublingual ventral ossification. TAO:wd sublingual ventral ossification Sublingual that is the ventral element paired with the sublingual dorsal ossification. TAO:0001476 teleost_anatomy Sublingual that is the ventral element paired with the sublingual dorsal ossification. TAO:wd portion of tissue Anatomical structure, that consists of similar cells and intercellular matrix, aggregated according to genetically determined spatial relationships. CARO:0000043 TAO:0001477 teleost_anatomy true Anatomical structure, that consists of similar cells and intercellular matrix, aggregated according to genetically determined spatial relationships. ZFIN:curator anatomical cluster Anatomical group that has its parts adjacent to one another. CARO:0000041 CARO:0000041 TAO:0001478 teleost_anatomy true Anatomical group that has its parts adjacent to one another. ZFIN:curator lateral line nerve Cranial nerves that carry afferent and efferent fibers for the lateral line system. TAO:0001479 teleost_anatomy Cranial nerves that carry afferent and efferent fibers for the lateral line system. ZFIN:curator dorsal anterior lateral line nerve Nerve fibers originating from the dorsal anterior lateral line ganglion. These rami innervate the otic, supraorbital, and infraorbital neuromasts. TAO:0001480 teleost_anatomy Nerve fibers originating from the dorsal anterior lateral line ganglion. These rami innervate the otic, supraorbital, and infraorbital neuromasts. ZFIN:curator ventral anterior lateral line nerve Nerve fibers originating from the ventral anterior lateral line ganglion. These rami innervate the mandibular and opercular neuromasts. TAO:0001481 teleost_anatomy Nerve fibers originating from the ventral anterior lateral line ganglion. These rami innervate the mandibular and opercular neuromasts. ZFIN:curator middle lateral line nerve Nerve fibers originating from the middle lateral line ganglion. These fibers innervate the middle lateral line. TAO:0001482 teleost_anatomy Nerve fibers originating from the middle lateral line ganglion. These fibers innervate the middle lateral line. ZFIN:curator middle lateral line ganglion TAO:0001483 The middle lateral line ganglion develops from a cranial ectodermal placode and contains sensory neurons that innervate the middle lateral line. teleost_anatomy The middle lateral line ganglion develops from a cranial ectodermal placode and contains sensory neurons that innervate the middle lateral line. ZFIN:curator superficial blastomere Cells (completely cleaved), located at the surface of the blastodisc, above the deep blastomeres. Kimmel et al, 1995. TAO:0001484 teleost_anatomy Cells (completely cleaved), located at the surface of the blastodisc, above the deep blastomeres. Kimmel et al, 1995. ZFIN:curator basal lamina Acellular anatomical structure that consists of a thin sheet of fibrous proteins that underlie and support the cells of an epithelium. It separates the cells of an epithelium from any underlying tissue. CARO:0000065 CARO:0000065 TAO:0001485 teleost_anatomy true Acellular anatomical structure that consists of a thin sheet of fibrous proteins that underlie and support the cells of an epithelium. It separates the cells of an epithelium from any underlying tissue. ZFIN:curator epithelium CARO:0000066 CARO:0000066 Portion of tissue, that consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells connected to each other by cell junctions and which is underlain by a basal lamina. TAO:0001486 teleost_anatomy true Portion of tissue, that consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells connected to each other by cell junctions and which is underlain by a basal lamina. ZFIN:curator portion of organism substance CARO:0000004 CARO:0000006 Material anatomical entity in a gaseous, liquid, semisolid or solid state; produced by anatomical structures or derived from inhaled and ingested substances that have been modified by anatomical structures as they pass through the body. TAO:0001487 teleost_anatomy true Material anatomical entity in a gaseous, liquid, semisolid or solid state; produced by anatomical structures or derived from inhaled and ingested substances that have been modified by anatomical structures as they pass through the body. ZFIN:curator multi-tissue structure Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more portions of tissue of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona-fide boundaries from other distinct structural units of different types. CARO:0000055 CARO:0000055 TAO:0001488 teleost_anatomy true Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more portions of tissue of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona-fide boundaries from other distinct structural units of different types. ZFIN:curator compound organ component CARO:0000019 CARO:0000019 Multi-tissue structure that is part of a compound organ. TAO:0001489 teleost_anatomy true Multi-tissue structure that is part of a compound organ. ZFIN:curator cavitated compound organ CARO:0000072 CARO:0000072 Compound organ that contains one or more macroscopic anatomical spaces. TAO:0001490 teleost_anatomy true Compound organ that contains one or more macroscopic anatomical spaces. ZFIN:curator solid compound organ CARO:0000074 CARO:0000074 Compound organ that does not contain macroscopic anatomical spaces. TAO:0001491 teleost_anatomy true Compound organ that does not contain macroscopic anatomical spaces. ZFIN:curator simple organ CARO:0000021 CARO:0000021 Multi-tissue structure that is not part of a compound organ. TAO:0001492 teleost_anatomy true Multi-tissue structure that is not part of a compound organ. ZFIN:curator atypical epithelium CARO:0000071 CARO:0000071 Epithelium that consists of epithelial cells not arranged in one or more layers. TAO:0001493 teleost_anatomy true Epithelium that consists of epithelial cells not arranged in one or more layers. ZFIN:curator multilaminar epithelium CARO:0000069 CARO:0000069 Epithelium that consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells. TAO:0001494 teleost_anatomy true Epithelium that consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells. ZFIN:curator unilaminar epithelium CARO:0000073 CARO:0000073 Epithelium that consists of a single layer of epithelial cells. TAO:0001495 teleost_anatomy true Epithelium that consists of a single layer of epithelial cells. ZFIN:curator simple columnar epithelium CARO:0000068 CARO:0000068 TAO:0001496 Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of columnar cells. teleost_anatomy true Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of columnar cells. ZFIN:curator simple cuboidal epithelium CARO:0000067 CARO:0000067 TAO:0001497 Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of cuboidal cells. teleost_anatomy true Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of cuboidal cells. ZFIN:curator simple squamous epithelium CARO:0000070 CARO:0000070 TAO:0001498 Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of squamous cells. teleost_anatomy true Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of squamous cells. ZFIN:curator esophageal epithelium Simple columnar epithelium that lines the esophagus. Chen et al, 2007. TAO:0001499 teleost_anatomy Simple columnar epithelium that lines the esophagus. Chen et al, 2007. ZFIN:curator auditory capsule Bilaterally paired cartilage encasing the semicircular canals of the inner ear. TAO:0001500 otic capsule teleost_anatomy Bilaterally paired cartilage encasing the semicircular canals of the inner ear. ZFIN:curator cartilage Portion of tissue which is connective tissue composed of collagen and/or elastin fibers and chondrocytes. Cartilage is avascular and provides both skeletal functions and a framework upon which bone is deposited. TAO:0001501 VSAO:0000040 teleost_anatomy true Portion of tissue which is connective tissue composed of collagen and/or elastin fibers and chondrocytes. Cartilage is avascular and provides both skeletal functions and a framework upon which bone is deposited. ZFIN:curator epiphyseal bar Bilaterally paired medial bar of cartilage formed at midorbit through medial chondrification from triangles of cartilage that later form the junction of the taeniae marginales anterior, taeniae marginales posterior and the epiphyseal bar. TAO:0001502 teleost_anatomy Bilaterally paired medial bar of cartilage formed at midorbit through medial chondrification from triangles of cartilage that later form the junction of the taeniae marginales anterior, taeniae marginales posterior and the epiphyseal bar. ZFIN:curator lamina orbitonasalis Cranial cartilage which is bilaterally paired and develops as a dorsal plate-like projection of the anterolateral ethmoid plate, which are oriented perpendicular to the ethmoid plate. It fuses dorsally to the taenia marginalis anterior, and it joins the ethmoid cartilage medially. TAO:0001503 teleost_anatomy Cranial cartilage which is bilaterally paired and develops as a dorsal plate-like projection of the anterolateral ethmoid plate, which are oriented perpendicular to the ethmoid plate. It fuses dorsally to the taenia marginalis anterior, and it joins the ethmoid cartilage medially. ZFIN:curator occipital arch cartilage Cranial cartilage which is a paired anterodorsal projection of the posterior end of the parachordal cartilage. It lies lateral to the notochord, just anterior to the posterior tip of the otic capsule. The bilaterally paired occipital arch cartilages fuse anterodorsally to the posterior edges of the auditory capsules and meet medially as the tectum synoticum (by 12 dpf). TAO:0001504 teleost_anatomy Cranial cartilage which is a paired anterodorsal projection of the posterior end of the parachordal cartilage. It lies lateral to the notochord, just anterior to the posterior tip of the otic capsule. The bilaterally paired occipital arch cartilages fuse anterodorsally to the posterior edges of the auditory capsules and meet medially as the tectum synoticum (by 12 dpf). ZFIN:curator taenia marginalis anterior Cartilage bar (bilaterally paired) that grows anteroventrally from the epiphyseal bar to join the anterolatera1 edge of the ethmoid plate. TAO:0001505 orbital cartilage teleost_anatomy Cartilage bar (bilaterally paired) that grows anteroventrally from the epiphyseal bar to join the anterolatera1 edge of the ethmoid plate. ZFIN:curator tectum synoticum TAO:0001506 Unpaired thin dorsal sheet of cartilage that partially covers the posterior chondrocranium. teleost_anatomy Unpaired thin dorsal sheet of cartilage that partially covers the posterior chondrocranium. ZFIN:curator trabecula cranii Paired thin medially aligned bar of cartilage that extends from the anterior end of the chondrocranium to just anterior to the anterior end of the notochord. The posterior ends of the trabeculae cranii are continuous with the parachordal cartilages, and they enclose the hypophyseal fenestra. TAO:0001507 teleost_anatomy Paired thin medially aligned bar of cartilage that extends from the anterior end of the chondrocranium to just anterior to the anterior end of the notochord. The posterior ends of the trabeculae cranii are continuous with the parachordal cartilages, and they enclose the hypophyseal fenestra. ZFIN:curator trabecula communis Cartilage formed via medial fusion between bilaterally paired trabecula crani. TAO:0001508 teleost_anatomy Cartilage formed via medial fusion between bilaterally paired trabecula crani. ZFIN:curator sclerotic cartilage Bilaterally paired thin continuous band of cartilage that sagitally encircles the eye. TAO:0001509 teleost_anatomy Bilaterally paired thin continuous band of cartilage that sagitally encircles the eye. ZFIN:curator basihyal cartilage Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is median and is the anterior-most cartilage of the ventral hyoid arch. TAO:0001510 copula 1 teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is median and is the anterior-most cartilage of the ventral hyoid arch. ZFIN:curator interhyal cartilage It articulates ventrally with the posterior end of the ceratohyal cartilage or the posterior ceratohyal. Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates dorsally with the hyosymplectic cartilage or the articulation of the hyomandibula and symplectic. TAO:0000218 TAO:0001511 stylohyal teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates dorsally with the hyosymplectic cartilage or the articulation of the hyomandibula and symplectic. ZFIN:curator anatomical group Anatomical structure consisting of at least two non-overlapping organs, multi-tissue aggregates or portion of tissues or cells of different types that does not constitute an organism, organ, multi-tissue aggregate, or portion of tissue. CARO:0000054 CARO:0000054 TAO:0001255 TAO:0001512 teleost_anatomy true Anatomical structure consisting of at least two non-overlapping organs, multi-tissue aggregates or portion of tissues or cells of different types that does not constitute an organism, organ, multi-tissue aggregate, or portion of tissue. ZFIN:curator dermomyotome Epithelial sheet on the external surface of the somite that gives rise to trunk, muscle and dermis. TAO:0001513 teleost_anatomy Epithelial sheet on the external surface of the somite that gives rise to trunk, muscle and dermis. ZFIN:curator bone Portion of tissue which is calcified connective tissue making up the structural elements of the skeletal system. TAO:0001514 teleost_anatomy true Portion of tissue which is calcified connective tissue making up the structural elements of the skeletal system. ZFIN:curator taenia marginalis posterior Cartilage bar (bilaterally paired) that is first visible as an anterior extension of the auditory capsule. It grows anteriorly toward the middle of the orbit where it is connected to its mate on the other side by the epiphyseal bar. TAO:0001515 orbital cartilage teleost_anatomy Cartilage bar (bilaterally paired) that is first visible as an anterior extension of the auditory capsule. It grows anteriorly toward the middle of the orbit where it is connected to its mate on the other side by the epiphyseal bar. ZFIN:curator ceratobranchial cartilage Pharyngeal arch cartilage that forms the largest skeletal element of the ventral branchial arches. TAO:0001516 teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal arch cartilage that forms the largest skeletal element of the ventral branchial arches. ZFIN:curator ceratobranchial 2 cartilage Ceratobranchial cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with epibranchial 2 cartilage or bone. TAO:0001517 teleost_anatomy Ceratobranchial cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with epibranchial 2 cartilage or bone. ZFIN:curator ceratobranchial 3 cartilage Ceratobranchial cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with epibranchial 3 cartilage or bone. TAO:0001518 teleost_anatomy Ceratobranchial cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with epibranchial 3 cartilage or bone. ZFIN:curator ceratobranchial 4 cartilage Ceratobranchial cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with epibranchial 4 cartilage or bone. TAO:0001519 teleost_anatomy Ceratobranchial cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with epibranchial 4 cartilage or bone. ZFIN:curator ceratobranchial 1 cartilage Ceratobranchial cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with epibranchial 1 cartilage or bone. TAO:0001520 teleost_anatomy Ceratobranchial cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with epibranchial 1 cartilage or bone. ZFIN:curator ceratobranchial 5 cartilage Ceratobranchial cartilage that is the most posterior, bilaterally paired ventral pharyngeal arch cartilage. TAO:0001521 teleost_anatomy Ceratobranchial cartilage that is the most posterior, bilaterally paired ventral pharyngeal arch cartilage. ZFIN:curator hypobranchial cartilage Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates medially with a median skeletal element and laterally with a ceratobranchial cartilage or bone. TAO:0001522 The hypobranchial cartilage usually articulates medially with a basibranchial bone or cartilage. teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates medially with a median skeletal element and laterally with a ceratobranchial cartilage or bone. ZFIN:curator hypobranchial 4 cartilage Hypobranchial cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial 4 cartilage or bone. TAO:0001523 teleost_anatomy Hypobranchial cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial 4 cartilage or bone. ZFIN:curator hypobranchial 1 cartilage Hypobranchial cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial 1 cartilage or bone. TAO:0001524 teleost_anatomy Hypobranchial cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial 1 cartilage or bone. ZFIN:curator hypobranchial 2 cartilage Hypobranchial cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial 2 cartilage or bone. TAO:0001525 teleost_anatomy Hypobranchial cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial 2 cartilage or bone. ZFIN:curator hypobranchial 3 cartilage Hypobranchial cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial 3 cartilage or bone. TAO:0001526 teleost_anatomy Hypobranchial cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial 3 cartilage or bone. ZFIN:curator epibranchial cartilage Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial cartilage or bone. TAO:0001527 teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial cartilage or bone. TAO:wd epibranchial 1 cartilage Epibranchial cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial 1 cartilage or bone. TAO:0001528 teleost_anatomy Epibranchial cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial 1 cartilage or bone. ZFIN:curator epibranchial 3 cartilage Epibranchial cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial 3 cartilage or bone. TAO:0001529 teleost_anatomy Epibranchial cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial 3 cartilage or bone. ZFIN:curator epibranchial 2 cartilage Epibranchial cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial 2 cartilage or bone. TAO:0001530 teleost_anatomy Epibranchial cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial 2 cartilage or bone. ZFIN:curator epibranchial 4 cartilage Epibranchial cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial 4 cartilage or bone. TAO:0001531 teleost_anatomy Epibranchial cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial 4 cartilage or bone. ZFIN:curator sublingual dorsal cartilage Sublingual cartilage that is the dorsal element paired with the sublingual ventral cartilage. TAO:0001532 teleost_anatomy Sublingual cartilage that is the dorsal element paired with the sublingual ventral cartilage. TAO:wd pharyngobranchial cartilage Paired cartilages that project medially from the medial tips of epibranchials. TAO:0001533 teleost_anatomy Paired cartilages that project medially from the medial tips of epibranchials. ZFIN:curator pharyngobranchial 3 cartilage Pharyngobranchial cartilage, located medial to the epibranchials and posteriorly adjacent to pharyngobranchial 2 element. TAO:0001534 teleost_anatomy Pharyngobranchial cartilage, located medial to the epibranchials and posteriorly adjacent to pharyngobranchial 2 element. ZFIN:curator median fin cartilage TAO:0001535 teleost_anatomy pharyngobranchial 2 cartilage Pharyngobranchial cartilage, located medial to the epibranchials and posteriorly adjacent to pharyngobranchial 1 element. TAO:0001536 teleost_anatomy Pharyngobranchial cartilage, located medial to the epibranchials and posteriorly adjacent to pharyngobranchial 1 element. ZFIN:curator mesocoracoid cartilage Pectoral fin cartilage that is part of the embryonic primary pectoral girdle from which the mesocoracoid bone will ossify endochondrally. TAO:0001537 mesocoracoideum teleost_anatomy Pectoral fin cartilage that is part of the embryonic primary pectoral girdle from which the mesocoracoid bone will ossify endochondrally. TAO:GA_TG ZFIN:curator pelvic radial cartilage Small cartilage that forms at the posterior edge of the basipterygium. TAO:0001538 teleost_anatomy Small cartilage that forms at the posterior edge of the basipterygium. ZFIN:curator basipterygium cartilage Bilaterally paired small, rodlike cartilages on the ventral surface of the abdomen (present at 7.9 mm). Their posterior tips expand laterally, forming L-shaped cartilages. Medially, a posterior spur of cartilage develops, which will later ossify as the ischiac process (Weitzman 1962). TAO:0001539 teleost_anatomy Bilaterally paired small, rodlike cartilages on the ventral surface of the abdomen (present at 7.9 mm). Their posterior tips expand laterally, forming L-shaped cartilages. Medially, a posterior spur of cartilage develops, which will later ossify as the ischiac process (Weitzman 1962). ZFIN:curator pelvic radial 3 cartilage Small cartilage that forms at the posterior and medial edge of the basipterygium. TAO:0001540 teleost_anatomy Small cartilage that forms at the posterior and medial edge of the basipterygium. ZFIN:curator pelvic radial 2 cartilage Small cartilage with a long posterior process and a shorter lateral one that forms at the posterior edge of the basipterygium, between radial cartilages 1 and 2. TAO:0001541 teleost_anatomy Small cartilage with a long posterior process and a shorter lateral one that forms at the posterior edge of the basipterygium, between radial cartilages 1 and 2. ZFIN:curator pelvic radial 1 cartilage Small cartilage that forms at the posterior and lateral edge of the basipterygium. TAO:0001542 teleost_anatomy Small cartilage that forms at the posterior and lateral edge of the basipterygium. ZFIN:curator paired fin cartilage Cartilage which is part of one of the paired fins. TAO:0001543 teleost_anatomy Cartilage which is part of one of the paired fins. ZFIN:curator sublingual cartilage Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is the median cartilage of the ventral hyoid arch, generally lying between the paired ventral hypohyals. TAO:0001544 teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is the median cartilage of the ventral hyoid arch, generally lying between the paired ventral hypohyals. TAO:wd sublingual ventral cartilage Sublingual cartilage that is the ventral element paired with the sublingual dorsal cartilage. TAO:0001545 teleost_anatomy Sublingual cartilage that is the ventral element paired with the sublingual dorsal cartilage. TAO:wd neural spine 4 Neural spine that is associated with the fourth vertebra. TAO:0001546 teleost_anatomy Neural spine that is associated with the fourth vertebra. TAO:wd abdominal scute Scute that is a bony plate that forms in the midline of ventral body margin between pectoral girdle and anal fin. Abdominal scutes may be present both anterior to and posterior to the pelvic girdle and fin. TAO:0001547 teleost_anatomy Scute that is a bony plate that forms in the midline of ventral body margin between pectoral girdle and anal fin. Abdominal scutes may be present both anterior to and posterior to the pelvic girdle and fin. TAO:wd intercalarium ascending process TAO:0001548 teleost_anatomy intercalarium articulating process TAO:0001549 teleost_anatomy caudal fin lepidotrichium Lepidotrichium which is part of the caudal fin. TAO:0001550 VSAO:0000174 caudal fin ray teleost_anatomy true Lepidotrichium which is part of the caudal fin. ZFIN:curator pectoral fin lepidotrichium Each pectoral lepidotrichium may be unsegmented (e.g., spine), segmented but unbranched (e.g., leading ray) or segmented and branched. Definition of lepidotrichium by Schultze and Arratia (1989: 217). For additional information about lepidotrichia see Arratia et al. 2001 and Arratia 2008. Lepidotrichium which is part of the pectoral fin, forming the pectoral fin skeleton and articulating with the pectoral radials. A pectoral lepidotrichium is composed of two hemitrichia that surround bundles of actinotrichia distally. TAO:0001551 VSAO:0000175 pectoral fin lepidotrichia pectoral fin ray teleost_anatomy true pectoral fin lepidotrichia Lepidotrichium which is part of the pectoral fin, forming the pectoral fin skeleton and articulating with the pectoral radials. A pectoral lepidotrichium is composed of two hemitrichia that surround bundles of actinotrichia distally. TAO:GA_TG ZFIN:curator pelvic fin lepidotrichium Lepidotrichium which is part of the pelvic fin. TAO:0001552 VSAO:0000173 pelvic fin lepidotrichia pelvic fin ray teleost_anatomy true Lepidotrichium which is part of the pelvic fin. ZFIN:curator pelvic fin lepidotrichia manubrium TAO:0001553 intercalarium anterior process intercalarium horizontal process manubrium incudus teleost_anatomy TAO:Fink and Fink 1981 intercalarium horizontal process TAO:Bird and Mabee 2003 intercalarium anterior process TAO:Bird 2003 manubrium incudus lepidotrichium Dermal bone that is rod-like, formed and usually contained in a fin membrane, and jointed to or adjacent to distal radials. Lepidotrichia are formed from paired hemitrichia surrounding actinotrichia. There are usually two more lepidotrichia than distal radials. TAO:0001554 VSAO:0000172 fin ray teleost_anatomy true Dermal bone that is rod-like, formed and usually contained in a fin membrane, and jointed to or adjacent to distal radials. Lepidotrichia are formed from paired hemitrichia surrounding actinotrichia. There are usually two more lepidotrichia than distal radials. ZFIN:curator epibranchial ganglion Cranial ganglion which develops from an epibranchial placode. TAO:0001555 teleost_anatomy Cranial ganglion which develops from an epibranchial placode. ZFIN:curator sympathetic chain ganglion TAO:0001556 Trunk ganglion which is part of a bilaterally paired set of sympathetic ganglia located anterior and lateral to the spinal cord. paravertebral ganglion teleost_anatomy Trunk ganglion which is part of a bilaterally paired set of sympathetic ganglia located anterior and lateral to the spinal cord. ZFIN:curator pronephric glomerulus Paired highly vascularized portion of the pronephros. Left and right glomeruli are fused at the midline. Begins to function between 40 and 48hpf. Drummond, 2000. TAO:0001557 teleost_anatomy Paired highly vascularized portion of the pronephros. Left and right glomeruli are fused at the midline. Begins to function between 40 and 48hpf. Drummond, 2000. ZFIN:curator pronephric tubule Bilaterally paired tubes connecting the pronephric glomeruli to the pronephric ducts. In zebrafish and other teleosts, the pronephric nephron and tubules form after the pronephric duct, connecting to the anterior-most tip of the pronephric ducts. Drummond, 2000. TAO:0001558 teleost_anatomy Bilaterally paired tubes connecting the pronephric glomeruli to the pronephric ducts. In zebrafish and other teleosts, the pronephric nephron and tubules form after the pronephric duct, connecting to the anterior-most tip of the pronephric ducts. Drummond, 2000. ZFIN:curator vertebral column TAO:0001559 VSAO:0000185 teleost_anatomy true vertebrae hypural 1 TAO:0001560 teleost_anatomy hypural 2 TAO:0001561 teleost_anatomy hypural 3 TAO:0001562 teleost_anatomy hypural 4 TAO:0001563 teleost_anatomy hypural 5 TAO:0001564 teleost_anatomy oocyte stage II TAO:0001565 teleost_anatomy oocyte stage III TAO:0001566 teleost_anatomy oocyte stage I TAO:0001567 teleost_anatomy oocyte stage IV TAO:0001568 teleost_anatomy oocyte stage V TAO:0001569 mature egg teleost_anatomy unactivated egg unfertilized egg TAO:0001570 activated oocyte teleost_anatomy postovulatory follicle TAO:0001571 teleost_anatomy superior cervical ganglion TAO:0001572 Trunk ganglion which is bilaterally paired and located at the anterior end of the sympathetic ganglion chain. superior sympathetic cervical ganglion teleost_anatomy Trunk ganglion which is bilaterally paired and located at the anterior end of the sympathetic ganglion chain. ZFIN:curator trunk ganglion Ganglion which is located in the trunk. TAO:0001573 teleost_anatomy Ganglion which is located in the trunk. ZFIN:curator autonomic nervous system ANS TAO:0001574 teleost_anatomy parasympathetic nervous system TAO:0001575 teleost_anatomy sympathetic nervous system TAO:0001576 teleost_anatomy premaxilla ascending process Process of the premaxilla that extends posteriorly and overlays the mesethmoid. TAO:0001577 teleost_anatomy Process of the premaxilla that extends posteriorly and overlays the mesethmoid. ZFIN:curator anterior dorsomedial process of autopalatine In cypriniforms the anterior portion of the palatine has a dorsomedial process which abuts against the mesethmoid. Such a process is not present in other ostariophysans or in other primitive teleosts. TAO:0001578 teleost_anatomy In cypriniforms the anterior portion of the palatine has a dorsomedial process which abuts against the mesethmoid. Such a process is not present in other ostariophysans or in other primitive teleosts. ZFIN:curator ural vertebra 2 TAO:0001579 Ural vertebra that is the second vertebra posterior to preural centrum 1. It may bear a rudimentary neural arch and sometimes a rudimentary spine or the neural arch and spine are completely absent and it may articulate or fuse with hypural 2 (polyural terminology). Ural vertebra 2 is an unpaired median bone. Ural vertebrae 2 may be defined also as the second ural vertebrae bearing hypurals 3 or 3 and 4 or 3 plus more dorsal hypurals (diural terminology). teleost_anatomy TAO:GA_TG Ural vertebra that is the second vertebra posterior to preural centrum 1. It may bear a rudimentary neural arch and sometimes a rudimentary spine or the neural arch and spine are completely absent and it may articulate or fuse with hypural 2 (polyural terminology). Ural vertebra 2 is an unpaired median bone. neurocranium Anatomical cluster that consists of the cartilages and bones that surround the brain. TAO:0001580 braincase teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster that consists of the cartilages and bones that surround the brain. TAO:MAH ural centrum 2 A vertebral centrum that is located immediately posterior to ural centrum 1. Ural centrum 2 is an unpaired median bone. TAO:0001581 Ural centrum 2 (polyural terminology) may articulate or fuse with its neural arch dorsally or the neural arch may be absent, and with hypural 2 ventrally. Ural centrum 2 may be defined also as the second ural centrum bearing hypurals 3 or 3 and 4 or 3, 4 and more dorsal hypurals (diural terminology). teleost_anatomy A vertebral centrum that is located immediately posterior to ural centrum 1. Ural centrum 2 is an unpaired median bone. TAO:GA_TG non-Weberian precaudal vertebra TAO:0001582 teleost_anatomy preural centrum 1+ ural centrum 1 TAO:0001583 Urostyle that is the result of fusion of preural centrum 1 with the first ural centrum (of polyural terminology). teleost_anatomy TAO:GA_TG Urostyle that is the result of fusion of preural centrum 1 with the first ural centrum (of polyural terminology). caudal procurrent ray Caudal fin lepidotrichium that form part of the anterior dorsal and ventral series of lepidotrichia of the caudal fin that may be associated with a neural spine or an epural or an uroneural (dorsal series) and with a haemal spine of a preural vertebra (ventral series). Caudal procurrent rays are shorter than the caudal principal rays. A caudal procurrent ray is an unpaired median bone. TAO:0001584 caudal precurrent ray caudal procurrent lepidotrichium caudal spiny ray rudimentary ray teleost_anatomy Caudal fin lepidotrichium that form part of the anterior dorsal and ventral series of lepidotrichia of the caudal fin that may be associated with a neural spine or an epural or an uroneural (dorsal series) and with a haemal spine of a preural vertebra (ventral series). Caudal procurrent rays are shorter than the caudal principal rays. A caudal procurrent ray is an unpaired median bone. TAO:Arratia_2008 TAO:GA_TG caudal principal ray Caudal fin lepidotrichium that is adjacent to a branched ray. Caudal principal rays may be segmented but unbranched and the main element forming the dorsal or ventral leading margin of the caudal fin or a ray that may be only segmented-and-branched and forms part of the middle-posterior region of the fin. A caudal principal ray is an unpaired median bone. Counts of caudal principal rays are taken as the number of branched rays plus two adjacent unbranched rays and counts are typically reported as, for example: 1,8,7,1 (1 unbranched and 8 branched upper rays, 7 branched and 1 unbranched lower rays). A caudal principal caudal ray may be associated with one or more hypurals or with hemal spines of preural centra 1 and 2 (Schultze and Arratia, 1989; Arratia, 2008). In basal teleosts the number of caudal principal rays is about 20. A decreasing of the number of the branched-and segmented rays is observed in more advanced teleosts (see Schultze and Arratia, 1989; Arratia, 1991, 2008). TAO:0001585 caudal fin principal ray caudal principal lepidotrichium teleost_anatomy Caudal fin lepidotrichium that is adjacent to a branched ray. Caudal principal rays may be segmented but unbranched and the main element forming the dorsal or ventral leading margin of the caudal fin or a ray that may be only segmented-and-branched and forms part of the middle-posterior region of the fin. A caudal principal ray is an unpaired median bone. TAO:GA_TG TAO:wd pectoral fin radial Pectoral fin radials are the internal skeletal supports of the pectoral fin which develop from the pectoral fin endoskeletal disc, supports the pectoral lepidotrichia or fin rays and connects the lepidotrichia with the primary pectoral girdle. TAO:0001586 There are two paired series of pectoral radials, the proximal and the distal ones that may have variable shapes and sizes. pectoral actinost teleost_anatomy Pectoral fin radials are the internal skeletal supports of the pectoral fin which develop from the pectoral fin endoskeletal disc, supports the pectoral lepidotrichia or fin rays and connects the lepidotrichia with the primary pectoral girdle. TAO:GA_TG pectoral fin proximal radial Pectoral fin radial which develops from the pectoral fin endoskeletal disc, supports a few pectoral lepidotrichia or fin rays and connects the lepidotrichia and distal radials with the primary pectoral girdle (scapula and coracoid). TAO:0001587 Two to four flat or slightly rod-like proximal pectoral radials, bilaterally, can be found in teleosts. Pectoral proximal radials are commonly hour-glass or rectangular shaped. The presence of four pectoral proximal radials is interpreted as a synapomorphy of teleosts (Patterson 1977, Arratia 1999). teleost_anatomy Pectoral fin radial which develops from the pectoral fin endoskeletal disc, supports a few pectoral lepidotrichia or fin rays and connects the lepidotrichia and distal radials with the primary pectoral girdle (scapula and coracoid). TAO:GA_TG pectoral fin distal radial A variable number of pectoral distal radials may be present in each pectoral fin. They are commonly small elements, rod-like, round or square shaped. Pectoral fin radial that sometimes ossifies, develops from the pectoral fin endoskeletal disc, and is located at the proximal region of a lepidotrichium, between its hemitrichia. Pectoral fin distal radial is paired. TAO:0001588 teleost_anatomy Pectoral fin radial that sometimes ossifies, develops from the pectoral fin endoskeletal disc, and is located at the proximal region of a lepidotrichium, between its hemitrichia. Pectoral fin distal radial is paired. TAO:GA_TG propterygium TAO:0001589 The cartilaginous propterygium may partially ossify and fuse to the base of the pectoral hemilepidotrichium 1 in teleosts, but remains as a separate element in non-teleostean fishes. The propterygium is the lateralmost or anteriormost basal cartilage that originates from the pectoral fin endoskeletal disc. The bases of the pectoral lepidotrichium 1 plus the propterygium articulates with the scapula. pectoral propterygium teleost_anatomy TAO:GA_TG The propterygium is the lateralmost or anteriormost basal cartilage that originates from the pectoral fin endoskeletal disc. The bases of the pectoral lepidotrichium 1 plus the propterygium articulates with the scapula. dermal bone Intramembranous bone that forms superficially in the organism. TAO:0001590 VSAO:0000130 teleost_anatomy true Intramembranous bone that forms superficially in the organism. TAO:wd endochondral bone Cartilage is frequently retained as part of bone. Replacement bone that forms within cartilage. TAO:0001591 VSAO:0000145 teleost_anatomy true Replacement bone that forms within cartilage. TAO:wd claustrum bone Endochondral bone, membrane bone, and Weberian ossicle that is located dorsal to the scaphium. The claustrum bone is bilaterally paired. TAO:0001592 first Weberian ossicle teleost_anatomy Endochondral bone, membrane bone, and Weberian ossicle that is located dorsal to the scaphium. The claustrum bone is bilaterally paired. ZFIN:curator caudal fin upper lobe Surface structure that is the dorsal portion of the caudal fin. TAO:0001593 caudal fin dorsal lobe teleost_anatomy Surface structure that is the dorsal portion of the caudal fin. TAO:wd caudal fin lower lobe Surface structure that is the ventral portion of the caudal fin. TAO:0001594 caudal fin ventral lobe teleost_anatomy Surface structure that is the ventral portion of the caudal fin. TAO:wd pharyngeal arch 1 TAO:0001595 teleost_anatomy pharyngeal arch 2 TAO:0001596 teleost_anatomy gill arch TAO:0000515 TAO:0000625 TAO:0001597 branchial arch branchial bar branchial bars pharyngeal arch 3-7 teleost_anatomy gill arch 1 TAO:0001598 branchial arch 1 pharyngeal arch 3 teleost_anatomy gill arch 2 TAO:0001599 branchial arch 2 pharyngeal arch 4 teleost_anatomy gill arch 3 TAO:0001600 branchial arch 3 pharyngeal arch 5 teleost_anatomy gill arch 4 TAO:0001601 branchial arch 4 pharyngeal arch 6 teleost_anatomy gill arch 5 TAO:0001602 branchial arch 5 pharyngeal arch 7 teleost_anatomy maxilla ascending process Process that is the upper portion of the maxilla that rests on the posterior surface of the lateral portion of the premaxilla. Synonyms maxilla ascending arm used in Zanata and Vari 2005, and maxilla upper arm used in Weitzman 1962 TAO:0001603 maxilla ascending arm maxilla upper arm teleost_anatomy Process that is the upper portion of the maxilla that rests on the posterior surface of the lateral portion of the premaxilla. TAO:wd lateral ethmoid palatine process Lateral bony projection proximal to lateral ethmoid-palatine joint, and located anterior to orbital region and posterior to olfactory region. TAO:0001604 antorbital process teleost_anatomy Lateral bony projection proximal to lateral ethmoid-palatine joint, and located anterior to orbital region and posterior to olfactory region. TAO:wd caudal scute series TAO:0001605 teleost_anatomy caudal scute Scute that is a median bony plate forming anterior to procurrent caudal fin rays. TAO:0001606 teleost_anatomy Scute that is a median bony plate forming anterior to procurrent caudal fin rays. TAO:wd basipterygoid process of parasphenoid Process that is the paired process of the parasphenoid that articulates with the suspensorium. TAO:0001607 basipterygoid process teleost_anatomy Process that is the paired process of the parasphenoid that articulates with the suspensorium. TAO:wd autopalatine-lateral ethmoid joint Joint that articulates the autopalatine and lateral ethmoid and bones. Autopalatine-lateral ethmoid joint is paired. TAO:0001608 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the autopalatine and lateral ethmoid and bones. Autopalatine-lateral ethmoid joint is paired. TAO:wd pharyngobranchial 2 bone uncinate process Bony projection that is part of the pharyngobranchial 2 bone. TAO:0001609 teleost_anatomy Bony projection that is part of the pharyngobranchial 2 bone. TAO:wd quadrate dorsal process An endochondral bone that is the dorsally-oriented bony extension of the quadrate, extending from the anterior portion of the bone. TAO:0001610 Term from Weitzman, 1962 and Sidlauskas and Vari, 2008. quadrate superior arm teleost_anatomy An endochondral bone that is the dorsally-oriented bony extension of the quadrate, extending from the anterior portion of the bone. TAO:wd quadrate posterodorsal process Process that is the posterior extension of the quadrate and located dorsal to the quadrate ventral process. TAO:0001611 Term from Weitzman, 1962 and Sidlauskas and Vari, 2008. teleost_anatomy Process that is the posterior extension of the quadrate and located dorsal to the quadrate ventral process. TAO:wd sensory canal Multi-tissue structure that is a fluid-filled canal in the integument and usually dermal bones, and contains one or more neuromast organs. Sensory canals usually communicate with the environment via pores in the sensory canal or at the distal ends of tubules, which extend from canal where pores would otherwise be. TAO:0001612 lateral line canal lateral-line canal teleost_anatomy Multi-tissue structure that is a fluid-filled canal in the integument and usually dermal bones, and contains one or more neuromast organs. TAO:wd dorsal fin middle radial Dorsal fin radial that is the rod-like internal median skeletal support bone of the dorsal fin located between the dorsal fin proximal radial and dorsal fin distal radial. Synonym dorsal fin medial radial from Weitzman, 1962. TAO:0001613 dorsal fin medial radial teleost_anatomy Dorsal fin radial that is the rod-like internal median skeletal support bone of the dorsal fin located between the dorsal fin proximal radial and dorsal fin distal radial. TAO:wd anal fin middle radial Anal fin radial that is the rod-like internal median skeletal support bone of the anal fin located between the anal fin proximal radial and anal fin distal radial. Synonym anal fin medial radial from Weitzman, 1962. TAO:0001614 anal fin medial radial medial anal-fin radial teleost_anatomy Anal fin radial that is the rod-like internal median skeletal support bone of the anal fin located between the anal fin proximal radial and anal fin distal radial. TAO:wd sphenotic spine Process of the sphenotic. The process may project antero-laterally or laterally or ventro-laterally and it has different development in different fish groups. The sphenotic spine is paired. TAO:0001615 sphenotic process teleost_anatomy Process of the sphenotic. The process may project antero-laterally or laterally or ventro-laterally and it has different development in different fish groups. The sphenotic spine is paired. TAO:GA_TG lateral ethmoid wing Superficial and lateral bony projection anterior to orbital region. Sometimes with superficial ornamentation where in direct contact with skin. Synonym of lateral ethmoid wing: lateral ethmoid ventral wing (characiforms). TAO:0001616 lateral ethmoid ventral wing teleost_anatomy Superficial and lateral bony projection anterior to orbital region. Sometimes with superficial ornamentation where in direct contact with skin. TAO:wd trunk sensory canal Pores frequently piercing scales if present; occasionally enclosed in bony ossicles. Sensory canal on trunk which is posterior to the pectoral girdle and often reaching to or onto the caudal fin. The trunk sensory canal is bilaterally paired. TAO:0001617 teleost_anatomy trunk lateral line canal Sensory canal on trunk which is posterior to the pectoral girdle and often reaching to or onto the caudal fin. The trunk sensory canal is bilaterally paired. TAO:wd post-otic sensory canal May be continuous with to the trunk sensory canal and anteriorly with the otic and preoperculo-mandibular sensory canals. Sensory canal between and in close proximity to the trunk sensory canal and anteriorly with the otic and preoperculo-mandibular sensory canals. The post-otic sensory canal is bilaterally paired. TAO:0001619 post-temporal canal teleost_anatomy Sensory canal between and in close proximity to the trunk sensory canal and anteriorly with the otic and preoperculo-mandibular sensory canals. The post-otic sensory canal is bilaterally paired. TAO:wd lagenar capsule Anatomical cluster that consists of a bulla formed by the exoccipital and basioccipital bones, and surrounds the lagena. TAO:0001620 teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster that consists of a bulla formed by the exoccipital and basioccipital bones, and surrounds the lagena. TAO:wd otolith Portion of organism substance composed of calcium carbonate located in the otolith organ. TAO:0001621 statolith teleost_anatomy Portion of organism substance composed of calcium carbonate located in the otolith organ. TAO:wd odontode Multi-tissue structure composed of enameloid and dentine surrounding a pulp cavity, and found either attached to dermal bone or freely in the skin. TAO:0001622 odontodes teleost_anatomy odontodes Multi-tissue structure composed of enameloid and dentine surrounding a pulp cavity, and found either attached to dermal bone or freely in the skin. TAO:wd type 1 odontode Odontode that is attached to dermal bone. TAO:0001623 Term from Schaefer & Buitrago-Suarez 2002. teleost_anatomy Odontode that is attached to dermal bone. TAO:wd type 2 odontode Odontode that is attached to the skin and without association to dermal bone. TAO:0001624 Term from Schaefer & Buitrago-Suarez 2002. teleost_anatomy Odontode that is attached to the skin and without association to dermal bone. TAO:wd tooth TAO:0001625 teeth teleost_anatomy teeth premaxillary tooth TAO:0001626 Tooth that is attached to the premaxilla. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Tooth that is attached to the premaxilla. maxillary tooth TAO:0001627 Tooth that is attached to the maxilla. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Tooth that is attached to the maxilla. dentary tooth TAO:0001628 Tooth that is attached to the dentary. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Tooth that is attached to the dentary. otic sensory canal May be continuous with the post-otic and preoperculo-mandibular sensory canals, and anteriorly with the supraorbital and infraorbital sensory canals. Sensory canal between and in close proximity posteriorly with the post-otic and preoperculo-mandibular sensory canals, and anteriorly with the supraorbital and infraorbital sensory canals. The otic sensory canal is bilaterally paired. TAO:0001629 teleost_anatomy Sensory canal between and in close proximity posteriorly with the post-otic and preoperculo-mandibular sensory canals, and anteriorly with the supraorbital and infraorbital sensory canals. The otic sensory canal is bilaterally paired. TAO:wd supratemporal sensory canal Sensory canal that crosses over the dorsal midline and in close proximity to the contralateral post-otic sensory canals. The supratemporal sensory canal is unpaired. TAO:0001618 TAO:0001630 occipital canal occipital sensory canal supratemporal canal teleost_anatomy Sensory canal that crosses over the dorsal midline and in close proximity to the contralateral post-otic sensory canals. The supratemporal sensory canal is unpaired. TAO:wd vomerine tooth TAO:0001631 Tooth that is attached to the vomer. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Tooth that is attached to the vomer. ectopterygoid tooth TAO:0001632 Tooth that is attached to the ectopterygoid bone. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Tooth that is attached to the ectopterygoid bone. entopterygoid tooth TAO:0001633 Tooth that is attached to the entopterygoid bone. mesopterygoid tooth teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Tooth that is attached to the entopterygoid bone. pharyngobranchial 1 cartilage Most anterior pharyngobranchial cartilage, located medial to the epibranchials. TAO:0001634 infrapharyngobranchial 1 cartilage teleost_anatomy Most anterior pharyngobranchial cartilage, located medial to the epibranchials. TAO:wd pharyngobranchial 1 bone Most anterior pharyngobranchial bone, located medial to the epibranchials. TAO:0001635 infrapharyngobranchial 1 bone teleost_anatomy Most anterior pharyngobranchial bone, located medial to the epibranchials. TAO:wd pharyngobranchial 4 bone Most posterior pharyngobranchial bone, located medial to the epibranchials. TAO:0001636 infrapharyngobranchial 4 bone teleost_anatomy Most posterior pharyngobranchial bone, located medial to the epibranchials. TAO:wd replacement bone Bone that forms as a replacement of another structural tissue. TAO:0001637 teleost_anatomy true Bone that forms as a replacement of another structural tissue. TAO:wd perichondral bone Replacement bone that forms within the connective tissue surrounding cartilage. TAO:0001638 VSAO:0000308 teleost_anatomy true Replacement bone that forms within the connective tissue surrounding cartilage. TAO:wd perichordal bone Replacement bone that forms within the connective tissue surrounding the notochord. TAO:0001639 teleost_anatomy Replacement bone that forms within the connective tissue surrounding the notochord. TAO:wd notochordal ossification Perichordal bone that surrounds the anterior tip of the notochord. TAO:0001640 teleost_anatomy Perichordal bone that surrounds the anterior tip of the notochord. TAO:wd portion of connective tissue Portion of tissue that consists of mesodermally derived cells and intercellular matrix comprised of protein fibers and carbohydrates, which supports, ensheathes and binds together other tissues. TAO:0001641 VSAO:0000017 teleost_anatomy true Portion of tissue that consists of mesodermally derived cells and intercellular matrix comprised of protein fibers and carbohydrates, which supports, ensheathes and binds together other tissues. TAO:wd perichordal connective tissue Portion of connective tissue which surrounds the notochord. TAO:0001642 VSAO:0000054 teleost_anatomy true Portion of connective tissue which surrounds the notochord. TAO:wd perichondrium Portion of connective tissue which surrounds cartilage. TAO:0001643 VSAO:0000036 teleost_anatomy true Portion of connective tissue which surrounds cartilage. TAO:wd intramembranous bone Bone that forms directly within mesenchyme, and does not replace other tissues. TAO:0001644 This term was made obsolete because it is considered a synonym of membrane bone (VSAO:0000023). VSAO:0000023 teleost_anatomy true Bone that forms directly within mesenchyme, and does not replace other tissues. TAO:wd membrane bone Intramembranous bone that forms deep in the organism. TAO:0001645 VSAO:0000023 teleost_anatomy true Intramembranous bone that forms deep in the organism. TAO:wd pharyngeal tooth plate Dermal bone of the pharyngeal arches usually bearing teeth. TAO:0001647 pharyngeal toothplate teleost_anatomy Dermal bone of the pharyngeal arches usually bearing teeth. TAO:wd basihyal tooth plate Pharyngeal tooth plate that lies dorsal to the basihyal cartilage or bone. TAO:0001648 basihyal toothplate teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal tooth plate that lies dorsal to the basihyal cartilage or bone. TAO:wd basihyal tooth TAO:0001649 Tooth that is attached to the basihyal tooth plate. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Tooth that is attached to the basihyal tooth plate. pharyngobranchial 2 tooth plate Pharyngeal tooth plate that lies ventral to pharyngobranchial 2 bone. TAO:0001650 pharyngobranchial 2 toothplate teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal tooth plate that lies ventral to pharyngobranchial 2 bone. TAO:wd pharyngobranchial 2 tooth TAO:0001651 Tooth that is attached to the pharyngobranchial 2 tooth plate. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Tooth that is attached to the pharyngobranchial 2 tooth plate. pharyngobranchial 3 tooth plate Pharyngeal tooth plate that lies ventral to pharyngobranchial 3 bone. TAO:0001652 pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal tooth plate that lies ventral to pharyngobranchial 3 bone. TAO:wd pharyngobranchial 3 tooth TAO:0001653 Tooth that is part of the pharyngobranchial 3 tooth plate. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Tooth that is part of the pharyngobranchial 3 tooth plate. upper pharyngeal 4 tooth plate Pharyngeal tooth plate that lies ventral to pharyngobranchial 4, and located anterior to upper pharyngeal 5 tooth plate. TAO:0001654 teleost_anatomy upper pharyngeal 4 toothplate Pharyngeal tooth plate that lies ventral to pharyngobranchial 4, and located anterior to upper pharyngeal 5 tooth plate. TAO:wd upper pharyngeal 4 tooth TAO:0001655 Tooth that is attached to the upper pharyngeal 4 tooth plate. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Tooth that is attached to the upper pharyngeal 4 tooth plate. upper pharyngeal 5 tooth plate Pharyngeal toothplate that lies ventral to pharyngobranchial 4, and located posterior to upper pharyngeal 4 tooth plate. TAO:0001656 teleost_anatomy upper pharyngeal 5 toothplate Pharyngeal toothplate that lies ventral to pharyngobranchial 4, and located posterior to upper pharyngeal 4 tooth plate. TAO:wd upper pharyngeal 5 tooth TAO:0001657 Tooth that is attached to the upper pharyngeal 5 tooth plate. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Tooth that is attached to the upper pharyngeal 5 tooth plate. upper pharyngeal tooth plate Pharyngeal tooth plate that lies ventral to pharyngobranchials 3 and 4. TAO:0001658 This represents the condition found in catfishes. teleost_anatomy upper pharyngeal toothplate Pharyngeal tooth plate that lies ventral to pharyngobranchials 3 and 4. TAO:wd upper pharyngeal tooth TAO:0001659 Tooth that is attached to the upper pharyngeal tooth plate. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Tooth that is attached to the upper pharyngeal tooth plate. basibranchial tooth TAO:0001660 Tooth that is part of the basibranchial tooth plate. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Tooth that is part of the basibranchial tooth plate. basibranchial tooth plate Pharyngeal tooth plate that lies dorsal to basibranchials 1-3. TAO:0001661 basibranchial 1-3 toothplates basibranchial toothplate teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal tooth plate that lies dorsal to basibranchials 1-3. TAO:wd basibranchial 1-3 toothplates basibranchial 4 tooth plate Pharyngeal tooth plate that lies dorsal to basibranchial 4 bone. TAO:0001662 basibranchial 4 toothplate teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal tooth plate that lies dorsal to basibranchial 4 bone. TAO:wd basibranchial 4 tooth TAO:0001663 Tooth that is attached to the basibranchial 4 tooth plate. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Tooth that is attached to the basibranchial 4 tooth plate. basibranchial 2 tooth plate Pharyngeal tooth plate that lies dorsal to basibranchial 2 bone. TAO:0001664 basibranchial 2 toothplate teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal tooth plate that lies dorsal to basibranchial 2 bone. TAO:wd basibranchial 2 tooth TAO:0001665 Tooth that is attached to the basibranchial 2 tooth plate. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Tooth that is attached to the basibranchial 2 tooth plate. rudimentary neural arch Neural arch on the urostyle. It does not support a neural spine. Sanger and McCune 2002. TAO:0001666 teleost_anatomy Neural arch on the urostyle. It does not support a neural spine. Sanger and McCune 2002. TAO:wd tooth row Anatomical cluster consisting of adjacent teeth constituting a row. TAO:0001667 teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster consisting of adjacent teeth constituting a row. TAO:wd anatomical space CARO:0000005 CARO:0000005 Non-material anatomical entity of three dimensions, that is generated by morphogenetic or other physiologic processes; is surrounded by one or more anatomical structures; contains one or more organism substances or anatomical structures. TAO:0001668 teleost_anatomy true Non-material anatomical entity of three dimensions, that is generated by morphogenetic or other physiologic processes; is surrounded by one or more anatomical structures; contains one or more organism substances or anatomical structures. TAO:wd angular bone Dermal bone that is located posterior to the dentary and lateral to the articular and retroarticular bones of the lower jaw. The angular forms the outer dermal sheet of the posterior part of the lower jaw. The angular bears a portion of the mandibular sensory canal. The angular is a paired bone. TAO:0001669 The angular fuses with the articular bone in clupeocephalans forming the anguloarticular. teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that is located posterior to the dentary and lateral to the articular and retroarticular bones of the lower jaw. The angular forms the outer dermal sheet of the posterior part of the lower jaw. The angular bears a portion of the mandibular sensory canal. The angular is a paired bone. TAO:GA_TG articular cartilage TAO:0001670 teleost_anatomy anal fin radial Anal fin radials are internal skeletal supports of the anal fin. TAO:0001671 teleost_anatomy Anal fin radials are internal skeletal supports of the anal fin. TAO:wd dorsal fin radial Dorsal fin radials are internal skeletal supports of the dorsal fin. TAO:0001672 teleost_anatomy Dorsal fin radials are internal skeletal supports of the dorsal fin. TAO:wd coronoid process TAO:0001673 teleost_anatomy infraorbital 6 Infraorbital that is the sixth bone of the infraorbital series. TAO:0001674 dermosphenotic teleost_anatomy Infraorbital that is the sixth bone of the infraorbital series. TAO:wd mesethmoid cornu Bony projection that extends from the mesethmoid anteriorly. Mesethmoid cornua are paired processes each articulating with its ipsilateral premaxilla and both cornua bounding a median mesethmoid cleft. TAO:0001675 cornu cornua cornuae teleost_anatomy cornuae Bony projection that extends from the mesethmoid anteriorly. Mesethmoid cornua are paired processes each articulating with its ipsilateral premaxilla and both cornua bounding a median mesethmoid cleft. TAO:pem cornua mesethmoid-premaxillary joint Joint that articulates the mesethmoid and premaxilla. Mesethmoid-premaxillary joint is paired. TAO:0001676 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the mesethmoid and premaxilla. Mesethmoid-premaxillary joint is paired. TAO:pem mesethmoid-nasal joint Joint that articulates the mesethmoid and nasal. Mesethmoid-nasal joint is paired. TAO:0001677 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the mesethmoid and nasal. Mesethmoid-nasal joint is paired. TAO:pem mesethmoid-frontal joint Joint that articulates the mesethmoid and frontal. Mesethmoid-frontal joint is paired. TAO:0001678 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the mesethmoid and frontal. Mesethmoid-frontal joint is paired. TAO:pem mesethmoid-lateral ethmoid joint Joint that articulates the mesethmoid and lateral ethmoid. Mesethmoid-lateral ethmoid joint is paired. TAO:0001679 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the mesethmoid and lateral ethmoid. Mesethmoid-lateral ethmoid joint is paired. TAO:wd mesethmoid-vomer joint Joint that articulates the mesethmoid and vomer. Mesethmoid-vomer joint is unpaired. TAO:0001680 mesethmoid-prevomer joint teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the mesethmoid and vomer. Mesethmoid-vomer joint is unpaired. TAO:pem cornu mesial process Bony projection that is mesially-directed and off the anteromedial corner of each mesethmoid cornu. TAO:0001681 teleost_anatomy Bony projection that is mesially-directed and off the anteromedial corner of each mesethmoid cornu. TAO:pem ligament Portion of connective tissue that connects bone or cartilage. TAO:0001682 VSAO:0000072 teleost_anatomy true Portion of connective tissue that connects bone or cartilage. TAO:wd transcapular ligament Baudelot's ligament Ligament that is attached to supracleithrum and basioccipital. TAO:0001683 teleost_anatomy transscapular ligament Ligament that is attached to supracleithrum and basioccipital. TAO:wd ossified transcapular ligament Membrane bone that is fused to supracleithrum and is jointed to basioccipital and exoccipital. TAO:0001684 ossified Baudelot's ligament ossified transscapular ligament teleost_anatomy Membrane bone that is fused to supracleithrum and is jointed to basioccipital and exoccipital. TAO:pem lateral ethmoid-ectopterygoid ligament Lateral ethmoid-ectopterygoid ligament is a ligament that connects the lateral ethmoid to the ectopterygoid. TAO:0001685 teleost_anatomy Lateral ethmoid-ectopterygoid ligament is a ligament that connects the lateral ethmoid to the ectopterygoid. TAO:wd bony shelf above orbit TAO:0001686 The bony shelf above orbit is an anatomical cluster formed by the dorsolateral portions of the lateral ethmoid, frontal and sphenotic bones that forms the dorsal margin of the orbit. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd The bony shelf above orbit is an anatomical cluster formed by the dorsolateral portions of the lateral ethmoid, frontal and sphenotic bones that forms the dorsal margin of the orbit. interopercular-mandibular ligament Interopercular-mandibular ligament is a ligament that connects the interopercle to an element of the lower jaw, typically the retroarticular. TAO:0001687 interopercular-retroarticular ligament interoperculo-mandibular ligament interoperculomandibular ligament teleost_anatomy Interopercular-mandibular ligament is a ligament that connects the interopercle to an element of the lower jaw, typically the retroarticular. TAO:wd palatine cartilage TAO:0001688 palatine cartilage - cartilage that is separate from and anterior to the pterygoquadrate cartilage. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd palatine cartilage - cartilage that is separate from and anterior to the pterygoquadrate cartilage. pterygoquadrate cartilage TAO:0001689 pterygoquadrate cartilage - cartilage that is separate from and posterior to the palatine cartilage. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd pterygoquadrate cartilage - cartilage that is separate from and posterior to the palatine cartilage. anterior cartilage of palatine TAO:0001690 anterior cartilage of palatine - cartilage that caps the anterior end of the autopalatine bone. It is typically present in adults. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd anterior cartilage of palatine - cartilage that caps the anterior end of the autopalatine bone. It is typically present in adults. posterior cartilage of palatine TAO:0001691 posterior cartilage of palatine - cartilage that caps the posterior end of the autopalatine bone. It is typically present in adults. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd posterior cartilage of palatine - cartilage that caps the posterior end of the autopalatine bone. It is typically present in adults. median premaxilla Dermal bone that is located in the middle of the upper jaw, independently formed by fusion of tooth bases attached to soft tissue in the middle portion of the upper lip. The median premaxilla bears teeth in adults. Recorded in trichomycterid subfamilies Stegophilinae and Vandelliinae (Baskin, 1973). submitted by Mario de Pinna. TAO:0001692 teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that is located in the middle of the upper jaw, independently formed by fusion of tooth bases attached to soft tissue in the middle portion of the upper lip. The median premaxilla bears teeth in adults. TAO:wd protractor operculi Muscle located in the lateral region of the cheek, linking the lateral surface of opercle with the posterolateral margin of the suspensorium (usually the preopercle). Occurs in most members of the Trichomycteridae, except in basal Copionodontinae and Trichogeninae (de Pinna, 1992). TAO:0001693 teleost_anatomy Muscle located in the lateral region of the cheek, linking the lateral surface of opercle with the posterolateral margin of the suspensorium (usually the preopercle). TAO:wd humerovertebral ligament Ligament that links the tip of the postcleithral process of the cleithrum with either the vertebral column (at the vertebral parapophysis or rib of the sixth vertebra) or with the soft tissue around the postcleithral region. Recorded in siluriform families Aspredinidae, Amblycipitidae, Akysidae, Sisoridae and Erethistidae (dePinna 1996). Submitted by Mario de Pinna. TAO:0001694 teleost_anatomy Ligament that links the tip of the postcleithral process of the cleithrum with either the vertebral column (at the vertebral parapophysis or rib of the sixth vertebra) or with the soft tissue around the postcleithral region. TAO:wd mediopharyngobranchial Pharyngeal arch cartilage, elongate and usually bifurcated posteriorly, located anteriorly on the upper branchial arches, attached to the anterior tips of the first infrapharyngobranchials. It supports rows of gill rakers on each side and is not homologous to other structures in the teleost gill-arch skeleton. One or two mediopharyngobranchials may be present. Recorded in several Clupeoidei (Nelson, 1967). Submitted by Mario de Pinna. TAO:0001695 teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal arch cartilage, elongate and usually bifurcated posteriorly, located anteriorly on the upper branchial arches, attached to the anterior tips of the first infrapharyngobranchials. It supports rows of gill rakers on each side and is not homologous to other structures in the teleost gill-arch skeleton. One or two mediopharyngobranchials may be present. TAO:wd gongyloid cartilage Pharyngeal arch cartilage present on the dorsal surface of the middle portion of the upper branchial arches, dorsal to the point of contact between the second and third infrapharyngobranchials. It is round or cylyndrical in shape. Not homologous to the mediopharyngobranchial. Recorded in Pristigasteridae and Engraulidae, of Clupeiformes, apparently also present in Chanos, of Gonorynchiformes (Di Dario, 2002). TAO:0001696 teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal arch cartilage present on the dorsal surface of the middle portion of the upper branchial arches, dorsal to the point of contact between the second and third infrapharyngobranchials. It is round or cylyndrical in shape. Not homologous to the mediopharyngobranchial. TAO:wd transverse radial Endochondral bone, which may be ossified or not in adults, located immediately anteriorly to the pterygiophore series of the anal fin. The structure is usually cylindrical, and its plane of symmetry is transverse to that of pterygiophores and fin rays. Recorded in some Cetopsidae, Clariidae and Austroglanididae (Siluriformes) (De Pinna et al., 2007). TAO:0001697 teleost_anatomy Endochondral bone, which may be ossified or not in adults, located immediately anteriorly to the pterygiophore series of the anal fin. The structure is usually cylindrical, and its plane of symmetry is transverse to that of pterygiophores and fin rays. TAO:wd anal-fin stay Endochondral bone located posterior to the last anal fin pterygiophore. The anal fin stay is a median bone. TAO:0001698 anal fin stay teleost_anatomy Endochondral bone located posterior to the last anal fin pterygiophore. The anal fin stay is a median bone. TAO:wd dorsal-fin stay Endochondral bone located posterior to the last dorsal fin pterygiophore. The dorsal fin stay is a median bone. TAO:0001699 dorsal fin stay teleost_anatomy Endochondral bone located posterior to the last dorsal fin pterygiophore. The dorsal fin stay is a median bone. TAO:wd caudal-fin stay Dermal bone that is located anterior to the caudal fin procurrent rays. Caudal fin stays are unpaired median bones. Development of caudal fin stays appears uncertain according to several authors (e.g., Zanata and Vari 2005, Vari 1995). TAO:0001700 caudal fin stay teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that is located anterior to the caudal fin procurrent rays. Caudal fin stays are unpaired median bones. TAO:wd basibranchial 5 bone Basibranchial bone that is ventral, median, and associated with branchial arch 5 (pharyngeal arch 7). Develops in posterior copula cartilage or basibranchial 5 cartilage. TAO:0001701 teleost_anatomy Basibranchial bone that is ventral, median, and associated with branchial arch 5 (pharyngeal arch 7). Develops in posterior copula cartilage or basibranchial 5 cartilage. TAO:wd infraorbital 7 Infraorbital that is the seventh bone of the infraorbital series. TAO:0001702 teleost_anatomy Infraorbital that is the seventh bone of the infraorbital series. TAO:wd infraorbital 8 Infraorbital that is the eighth bone of the infraorbital series. TAO:0001703 teleost_anatomy Infraorbital that is the eighth bone of the infraorbital series. TAO:wd infraorbital 9 Infraorbital that is the ninth bone of the infraorbital series. TAO:0001704 teleost_anatomy Infraorbital that is the ninth bone of the infraorbital series. TAO:wd infraorbital 10 Infraorbital that is the tenth bone of the infraorbital series. TAO:0001705 teleost_anatomy Infraorbital that is the tenth bone of the infraorbital series. TAO:wd infraorbital 11 Infraorbital that is the eleventh bone of the infraorbital series. TAO:0001706 teleost_anatomy Infraorbital that is the eleventh bone of the infraorbital series. TAO:wd infraorbital 12 Infraorbital that is the twelfth bone of the infraorbital series. TAO:0001707 teleost_anatomy Infraorbital that is the twelfth bone of the infraorbital series. TAO:wd dermosphenotic Infraorbital that is the last bone of the infraorbital series, carrying the infraorbital canal, and sometimes also the supraorbital, temporal, and/or preopercular canals. The dermosphenotic is sometimes sutured or fused completely to the skull, e.g. to the autosphenotic. TAO:0001708 infraorbital 5 infraorbital 6 infraorbital 7 infraorbital 8 teleost_anatomy Infraorbital that is the last bone of the infraorbital series, carrying the infraorbital canal, and sometimes also the supraorbital, temporal, and/or preopercular canals. The dermosphenotic is sometimes sutured or fused completely to the skull, e.g. to the autosphenotic. TAO:wd infraorbital series Anatomical cluster that is the series of dermal bones surrounding the orbit and associated with the infraorbital sensory canal. TAO:0001709 The infraorbital series may include the antorbital, a variable number of infraorbitals, and dermosphenotic (or posteriormost dorsal infraorbital). The infraorbital series may be formed by seven (primitively) or less bones in teleosts. Consequently, the so called dermosphenotic may correspond to the seventh, sixth or fifth bone, etc., depending on the taxon. circumorbital series teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster that is the series of dermal bones surrounding the orbit and associated with the infraorbital sensory canal. TAO:GA_TG opercle-interopercle joint Joint that articulates the opercle and interopercle. Opercle-interopercle joint is paired. TAO:0001710 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the opercle and interopercle. Opercle-interopercle joint is paired. TAO:wd frontal-pterotic joint Joint that articulates the frontal and pterotic. Frontal-pterotic joint is paired. TAO:0001711 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the frontal and pterotic. Frontal-pterotic joint is paired. TAO:wd snout Surface structure that is the region of the head in front of and between the orbits, and above the lower jaw. Nares are located on the snout. TAO:0001712 teleost_anatomy Surface structure that is the region of the head in front of and between the orbits, and above the lower jaw. Nares are located on the snout. TAO:wd caudal principal ray 1 Caudal principal ray that is the dorsalmost caudal principal ray of the caudal fin. For reference, see Weitzman and Fink 1985 Figure 8. TAO:0001713 teleost_anatomy Caudal principal ray that is the dorsalmost caudal principal ray of the caudal fin. TAO:wd caudal principal ray 2 Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 1. For reference, see Weitzman and Fink 1985 Figure 8. TAO:0001714 teleost_anatomy Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 1. TAO:wd caudal principal ray 3 Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 2. For reference, see Weitzman and Fink 1985 Figure 8. TAO:0001715 teleost_anatomy Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 2. TAO:wd caudal principal ray 4 Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 3. For reference, see Weitzman and Fink 1985 Figure 8. TAO:0001716 teleost_anatomy Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 3. TAO:wd caudal principal ray 5 Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 4. For reference, see Weitzman and Fink 1985 Figure 8. TAO:0001717 teleost_anatomy Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 4. TAO:wd caudal principal ray 6 Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 5. For reference, see Weitzman and Fink 1985 Figure 8. TAO:0001718 teleost_anatomy Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 5. TAO:wd caudal principal ray 7 Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 6. For reference, see Weitzman and Fink 1985 Figure 8. TAO:0001719 teleost_anatomy Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 6. TAO:wd caudal principal ray 8 Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 7. For reference, see Weitzman and Fink 1985 Figure 8. TAO:0001720 teleost_anatomy Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 7. TAO:wd caudal principal ray 9 Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 8. For reference, see Weitzman and Fink 1985 Figure 8. TAO:0001721 teleost_anatomy Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 8. TAO:wd caudal principal ray 10 Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 9. For reference, see Weitzman and Fink 1985 Figure 8. TAO:0001722 teleost_anatomy Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 9. TAO:wd caudal principal ray 11 Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 10. For reference, see Weitzman and Fink 1985 Figure 8. TAO:0001723 teleost_anatomy Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 10. TAO:wd caudal principal ray 12 Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 11. For reference, see Weitzman and Fink 1985 Figure 8. TAO:0001724 teleost_anatomy Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 11. TAO:wd caudal principal ray 13 Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 12. For reference, see Weitzman and Fink 1985 Figure 8. TAO:0001725 teleost_anatomy Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 12. TAO:wd caudal principal ray 14 Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 13. For reference, see Weitzman and Fink 1985 Figure 8. TAO:0001726 teleost_anatomy Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 13. TAO:wd caudal principal ray 15 Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 14. For reference, see Weitzman and Fink 1985 Figure 8. TAO:0001727 teleost_anatomy Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 14. TAO:wd caudal principal ray 16 Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 15. For reference, see Weitzman and Fink 1985 Figure 8. TAO:0001728 teleost_anatomy Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 15. TAO:wd caudal principal ray 17 Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 16. For reference, see Weitzman and Fink 1985 Figure 8. TAO:0001729 teleost_anatomy Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 16. TAO:wd caudal principal ray 18 Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 17. For reference, see Weitzman and Fink 1985 Figure 8. TAO:0001730 teleost_anatomy Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 17. TAO:wd caudal principal ray 19 Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 18. For reference, see Weitzman and Fink 1985 Figure 8. TAO:0001731 teleost_anatomy Caudal principal ray that is ventrally adjacent to caudal principal ray 18. TAO:wd vertebra 5 TAO:0001732 Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to vertebra 4. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to vertebra 4. mesethmoid ventral diverging lamella Bony projection that is the posterolaterally oriented projection on the ventral region of the mesethmoid. Mesethmoid ventral diverging lamellae are paired and posteriorly contact the lateral ethmoid bones. Reference: Weitzman 1962. TAO:0001733 teleost_anatomy Bony projection that is the posterolaterally oriented projection on the ventral region of the mesethmoid. Mesethmoid ventral diverging lamellae are paired and posteriorly contact the lateral ethmoid bones. TAO:wd posterior process of basipterygium Process that is the posteriorly oriented, paired projection of the basipterygium. TAO:0001734 ischiac process ischiatic process teleost_anatomy Process that is the posteriorly oriented, paired projection of the basipterygium. TAO:wd scapular foramen Foramen that is located in the scapula. The scapular foramen is paired and formed by a ring of bone. TAO:0001735 Weitzman 1962. teleost_anatomy Foramen that is located in the scapula. The scapular foramen is paired and formed by a ring of bone. TAO:wd foramen Anatomical space that is an opening in a bone, usually for passage of blood vessels or nerves. TAO:0001736 foramens (French) foramina (French) teleost_anatomy PSPUB:0000164 foramens (French) Anatomical space that is an opening in a bone, usually for passage of blood vessels or nerves. TAO:wd PSPUB:0000141 foramina (French) coracoid foramen Foramen that is located in the coracoid. TAO:0001737 teleost_anatomy Foramen that is located in the coracoid. TAO:wd fontanel Anatomical structure that is a membranous gap between bones of the skull. TAO:0001738 fontanelle fontanelles fontanels teleost_anatomy Anatomical structure that is a membranous gap between bones of the skull. TAO:wd fontanelles fontanels anterior cranial fontanel Fontanel that is located between the contralateral frontals and anterior to the epiphyseal bar. TAO:0001739 anterior fontanel frontal fontanel frontal fontanelle teleost_anatomy Fontanel that is located between the contralateral frontals and anterior to the epiphyseal bar. TAO:wd posterior cranial fontanel Fontanel that is located posterior to the epiphyseal bar, and typically located between the contralateral frontals and parietals (if present) and bordered posteriorly by the supraoccipital. TAO:0001740 parietal fontanel posterior fontanel posterior fontanelle teleost_anatomy Fontanel that is located posterior to the epiphyseal bar, and typically located between the contralateral frontals and parietals (if present) and bordered posteriorly by the supraoccipital. TAO:wd trigeminofacial foramen Foramen through which branches of cranial nerves V (trigeminal) and VII (facial) exit. TAO:0001741 i]In some vertebrates there are separate trigeminal foramen and facial foramen. teleost_anatomy trigemino-facialis foramen trigeminofacial nerve foramen trigeminofacialis foramen Foramen through which branches of cranial nerves V (trigeminal) and VII (facial) exit. TAO:wd auditory foramen Foramen through which cranial nerve VIII (auditory) exits. Reference: Weitzman 1962. TAO:0001742 teleost_anatomy Foramen through which cranial nerve VIII (auditory) exits. TAO:wd fossa Anatomical space that is a concavity, shallow depression, or groove on a bone. TAO:0001743 concavities concavity depression depressions fossae groove teleost_anatomy depressions Anatomical space that is a concavity, shallow depression, or groove on a bone. TAO:wd fossae concavities replacement tooth trench Anatomical space within a bone in which teeth develop. TAO:0001744 replacement tooth crypt replacement tooth crypts teleost_anatomy Anatomical space within a bone in which teeth develop. TAO:wd replacement tooth crypts premaxilla replacement tooth trench Replacement tooth trench that is located in the premaxilla. TAO:0001745 teleost_anatomy Replacement tooth trench that is located in the premaxilla. TAO:wd dentary replacement tooth trench Replacement tooth trench that is located in the dentary. TAO:0001746 teleost_anatomy Replacement tooth trench that is located in the dentary. TAO:wd lateral mesethmoid wing Bony projection located on the anteroventral region of the mesethmoid which articulates with the premaxilla. Synonyms: mesethmoid lateral wing (Zanata and Vari 2005) lateral ethmoid wing (Weitzman 1962) premaxillary articular process (Fink and Fink 1996). TAO:0001747 lateral ethmoid wing mesethmoid lateral wing premaxillary articular process teleost_anatomy Bony projection located on the anteroventral region of the mesethmoid which articulates with the premaxilla. TAO:wd superficial ophthalmic nerve foramen Foramen through which the superficial ophthalmic nerve passes. TAO:0001748 teleost_anatomy Foramen through which the superficial ophthalmic nerve passes. TAO:wd dentary-anguloarticular joint Joint that articulates the dentary and anguloarticular. Dentary-anguloarticular joint is paired. TAO:0001749 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the dentary and anguloarticular. Dentary-anguloarticular joint is paired. TAO:wd rib of vertebra 6 Rib that articulates with the parapophysis of the sixth centrum. TAO:0001750 sixth pleural rib teleost_anatomy Rib that articulates with the parapophysis of the sixth centrum. TAO:wd rib of vertebra 5 Rib that articulates with the parapophysis of the fifth centrum. TAO:0001751 fifth pleural rib teleost_anatomy Rib that articulates with the parapophysis of the fifth centrum. TAO:wd pre-narial cartilage Chen 1994. TAO:0001752 The pre-narial cartilage is a cartilage that is located anterior to the anterior naris. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd The pre-narial cartilage is a cartilage that is located anterior to the anterior naris. posttemporal fossa Chen 1994 gives these two synonyms: "temporal fossa", Gauba 1967; and "temporal groove", Mahajan 1966. Fossa where the exoccipital forms the medial portion and the epioccipital forms the lateral margin. TAO:0001753 teleost_anatomy temporal fossa temporal groove Fossa where the exoccipital forms the medial portion and the epioccipital forms the lateral margin. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-192 dorsal fin lepidotrichium 1 TAO:0001754 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin lepidotrichium 2 TAO:0001755 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin lepidotrichium 3 TAO:0001756 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin lepidotrichium 4 TAO:0001757 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin lepidotrichium 5 TAO:0001758 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin lepidotrichium 6 TAO:0001759 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin lepidotrichium 7 TAO:0001760 teleost_anatomy pectoral fin lepidotrichium 1 Pectoral fin lepidotrichium 1 is the leading or marginal ray of the fin and articulates with the scapula. Lepidotrichium 1 is commonly segmented but unbranched but occasionally may be a massive strong unsegmented element (e.g., spine). TAO:0001761 pectoral fin ray 1 teleost_anatomy Pectoral fin lepidotrichium 1 is the leading or marginal ray of the fin and articulates with the scapula. Lepidotrichium 1 is commonly segmented but unbranched but occasionally may be a massive strong unsegmented element (e.g., spine). TAO:GA_TG pectoral fin lepidotrichium 2 Pectoral fin lepidotrichium that, in a linear sequence, is the second most anterior pectoral ray that it is usually branched and segmented. TAO:0001762 pectoral fin ray 2 teleost_anatomy Pectoral fin lepidotrichium that, in a linear sequence, is the second most anterior pectoral ray that it is usually branched and segmented. TAO:GA_TG pectoral fin lepidotrichium 3 Pectoral fin lepidotrichium that, in a linear sequence, is the third most anterior pectoral ray that it is usually branched and segmented. TAO:0001763 pectoral fin ray 3 teleost_anatomy Pectoral fin lepidotrichium that, in a linear sequence, is the third most anterior pectoral ray that it is usually branched and segmented. TAO:GA_TG pectoral fin lepidotrichium 4 Pectoral fin lepidotrichium that, in a linear sequence, is the fourth most anterior pectoral ray that it is usually branched and segmented. TAO:0001764 pectoral fin ray 4 teleost_anatomy Pectoral fin lepidotrichium that, in a linear sequence, is the fourth most anterior pectoral ray that it is usually branched and segmented. TAO:GA_TG pectoral fin lepidotrichium 5 Pectoral fin lepidotrichium that, in a linear sequence, is the fifth most anterior pectoral ray that it is usually branched and segmented. TAO:0001765 pectoral fin ray 5 teleost_anatomy Pectoral fin lepidotrichium that, in a linear sequence, is the fifth most anterior pectoral ray that it is usually branched and segmented. TAO:GA_TG pectoral fin lepidotrichium 6 Pectoral fin lepidotrichium that, in a linear sequence, is the sixth most anterior pectoral ray that it is usually branched and segmented. TAO:0001766 pectoral fin ray 6 teleost_anatomy Pectoral fin lepidotrichium that, in a linear sequence, is the sixth most anterior pectoral ray that it is usually branched and segmented. TAO:GA_TG pectoral fin lepidotrichium 7 Pectoral fin lepidotrichium that, in a linear sequence, is the seventh most anterior pectoral ray that it is usually branched and segmented. TAO:0001767 pectoral fin ray 7 teleost_anatomy Pectoral fin lepidotrichium that, in a linear sequence, is the seventh most anterior pectoral ray that it is usually branched and segmented. TAO:GA_TG retractor tentaculi Bilaterally paired dorsal hyoid arch muscle that retracts the maxillary barbel. TAO:0001768 teleost_anatomy Bilaterally paired dorsal hyoid arch muscle that retracts the maxillary barbel. TAO:wd anal fin lepidotrichium 1 TAO:0001769 teleost_anatomy anal fin lepidotrichium 2 TAO:0001770 teleost_anatomy anal fin lepidotrichium 3 TAO:0001771 teleost_anatomy anal fin lepidotrichium 4 TAO:0001772 teleost_anatomy anal fin lepidotrichium 5 TAO:0001773 teleost_anatomy anal fin lepidotrichium 6 TAO:0001774 teleost_anatomy anal fin lepidotrichium 7 TAO:0001775 teleost_anatomy pelvic fin lepidotrichium 1 TAO:0001776 teleost_anatomy pelvic fin lepidotrichium 2 TAO:0001777 teleost_anatomy pelvic fin lepidotrichium 3 TAO:0001778 teleost_anatomy pelvic fin lepidotrichium 4 TAO:0001779 teleost_anatomy pelvic fin lepidotrichium 5 TAO:0001780 teleost_anatomy pelvic fin lepidotrichium 6 TAO:0001781 teleost_anatomy pelvic fin lepidotrichium 7 TAO:0001782 teleost_anatomy supraoccipital crest Process that is part of the supraoccipital. It is a posteriorly directed and unpaired median projection off the posterior margin of the supraoccipital bone. TAO:0001783 The supraoccipital crest may be small and restricted to the dorsal part of the supraoccipital, or may be large and long and extending ventrally to the dorsal margin of the foramen magnum. The supraoccipital crest may be a large process extending above the skull roof in some teleostean subgroups. supraoccipital process supraoccipital spine teleost_anatomy Process that is part of the supraoccipital. It is a posteriorly directed and unpaired median projection off the posterior margin of the supraoccipital bone. TAO:GA_TG autopalatine-vomer joint Joint that articulates autopalatine and vomer bones. Autopalatine-vomer joint is paired. TAO:0001784 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates autopalatine and vomer bones. Autopalatine-vomer joint is paired. TAO:wd branched dorsal fin ray TAO:0001785 teleost_anatomy unbranched dorsal fin ray TAO:0001786 teleost_anatomy pectoral fin spine Pectoral-fin lepidotrichium 1 with mostly co-ossified and unsegmented hemitrichia that form a stiff and usually thick shaft and enlarged basal processes that moveably articulate with the pectoral girdle. The pectoral fin spine may also result from the fusion of several lepidotrichia that form a stiff shaft. TAO:0001787 pectoral spine teleost_anatomy Pectoral-fin lepidotrichium 1 with mostly co-ossified and unsegmented hemitrichia that form a stiff and usually thick shaft and enlarged basal processes that moveably articulate with the pectoral girdle. The pectoral fin spine may also result from the fusion of several lepidotrichia that form a stiff shaft. TAO:GA_TG TAO:wd pelvic splint Dermal bone that is located near the lateral margin of the pelvic fin, and lateral to pelvic-fin lepidotrichium 1. TAO:0001788 teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that is located near the lateral margin of the pelvic fin, and lateral to pelvic-fin lepidotrichium 1. TAO:wd dorsal fin spine 1 Dorsal-fin lepidotrichium 1 with co-ossified and unsegmented hemitrichia that form a stiff shaft and enlarged base that moveably articulates with first (anteriormost) dorsal-fin pterygiophore. TAO:0001789 dorsal spine 1 teleost_anatomy Dorsal-fin lepidotrichium 1 with co-ossified and unsegmented hemitrichia that form a stiff shaft and enlarged base that moveably articulates with first (anteriormost) dorsal-fin pterygiophore. TAO:wd dorsal fin spine 2 Dorsal-fin lepidotrichium 2 with co-ossified and unsegmented hemitrichia that form a stiff shaft and enlarged base that moveably articulates with second dorsal-fin pterygiophore. TAO:0001790 dorsal spine 2 teleost_anatomy Dorsal-fin lepidotrichium 2 with co-ossified and unsegmented hemitrichia that form a stiff shaft and enlarged base that moveably articulates with second dorsal-fin pterygiophore. TAO:wd pore An anatomical space that is an opening, usually at the end of a canal or duct, on the surface of the integument or the lining of an internal anatomical space. TAO:0001791 teleost_anatomy An anatomical space that is an opening, usually at the end of a canal or duct, on the surface of the integument or the lining of an internal anatomical space. TAO:wd pharyngobranchial 3 bone uncinate process Bony projection that is part of the pharyngobranchial 3. TAO:0001792 teleost_anatomy Bony projection that is part of the pharyngobranchial 3. TAO:wd pharyngobranchial 4 bone uncinate process Bony projection that is part of the pharyngobranchial 4. TAO:0001793 infrapharyngobranchial 4 bone uncinate process teleost_anatomy Bony projection that is part of the pharyngobranchial 4. TAO:wd orbitosphenoid-prootic joint Joint that articulates orbitosphenoid and prootic bones. Orbitosphenoid-prootic joint is paired. TAO:0001794 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates orbitosphenoid and prootic bones. Orbitosphenoid-prootic joint is paired. TAO:wd ceratohyal foramen Foramen in the anterior ceratohyal for passage of the hyoidean artery. TAO:0001795 bericiform foramen beryciform foramen teleost_anatomy Foramen in the anterior ceratohyal for passage of the hyoidean artery. TAO:wd epibranchial 2 bone uncinate process Epibranchial uncinate process that is part of epibranchial 2 bone. TAO:0001796 teleost_anatomy Epibranchial uncinate process that is part of epibranchial 2 bone. TAO:wd epibranchial 1 bone uncinate process Epibranchial uncinate process that is part of epibranchial 1 bone. TAO:0001797 teleost_anatomy Epibranchial uncinate process that is part of epibranchial 1 bone. TAO:wd epicentral Intermuscular bone that articulates with the vertebral centrum. TAO:0001798 diépipleural (French) neoneural teleost_anatomy PSPUB:0000131 diépipleural (French) Intermuscular bone that articulates with the vertebral centrum. TAO:wd PSPUB:0000165 PSPUB:0000166 neoneural recessus lateralis Intracranial space formed by confluence of supraorbital, infraorbital, preopercular and temporal sensory canals. See also Di Dario (2004). TAO:0001799 teleost_anatomy Intracranial space formed by confluence of supraorbital, infraorbital, preopercular and temporal sensory canals. See also Di Dario (2004). TAO:wd cephalic rib Modified epicentral intermuscular bone that connects the back of the skull with the pectoral girdle. TAO:0001800 teleost_anatomy Modified epicentral intermuscular bone that connects the back of the skull with the pectoral girdle. TAO:wd quadrate-hyomandibula joint Joint that articulates quadrate and hyomandibula bones. Quadrate-hyomandibula joint is paired. TAO:0001801 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates quadrate and hyomandibula bones. Quadrate-hyomandibula joint is paired. TAO:wd quadrate-anguloarticular joint Joint that articulates quadrate and anguloarticular bones. Quadrate-articular joint is paired. TAO:0001802 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates quadrate and anguloarticular bones. Quadrate-articular joint is paired. TAO:wd quadrate-metapterygoid joint Joint that articulates quadrate and metapterygoid bones. Quadrate-metapterygoid joint is paired. TAO:0001803 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates quadrate and metapterygoid bones. Quadrate-metapterygoid joint is paired. TAO:wd olfactory nerve foramen Foramen for the passage of the olfactory nerve or cranial nerve 1. TAO:0001804 teleost_anatomy Foramen for the passage of the olfactory nerve or cranial nerve 1. TAO:wd articular bone Endochondral bone that is located posterior to the dentary, medial to the angular and antero-dorsal to the retroarticular forming the lower jaw. The articular bears a dorso-posterior articular facet for the condyle of the quadrate. The articular is a paired bone. TAO:0001805 The articular fuses with the angular bone in clupeocephalans forming the anguloarticular. articular teleost_anatomy Endochondral bone that is located posterior to the dentary, medial to the angular and antero-dorsal to the retroarticular forming the lower jaw. The articular bears a dorso-posterior articular facet for the condyle of the quadrate. The articular is a paired bone. TAO:wd intracranial diverticulum of swimbladder An anterior extension of the swimbladder that passes through a foramen in the exoccipital; part of the otophysic connection between swimbladder and inner ear. TAO:0001806 teleost_anatomy An anterior extension of the swimbladder that passes through a foramen in the exoccipital; part of the otophysic connection between swimbladder and inner ear. TAO:wd preepiotic fossa Fossa that is a concavity on the dorsolateral surface of the skull roof found at least partially on the epiotic (epioccipital). TAO:0001807 preepioccipital fossa teleost_anatomy Fossa that is a concavity on the dorsolateral surface of the skull roof found at least partially on the epiotic (epioccipital). TAO:wd facial foramen Foramen through which cranial nerve VII (facial) exits. TAO:0001808 This is the anterior opening of the trigeminofacialis (or trigeminal-facialis) chamber. anterior opening trigeminofacialis chamber teleost_anatomy Foramen through which cranial nerve VII (facial) exits. TAO:wd trigeminal foramen Foramen through which cranial nerve V (trigeminal) exits. TAO:0001809 This is the posterior opening of trigeminofacialis (or trigeminal-facialis) chamber. posterior opening of trigeminofacialis chamber teleost_anatomy Foramen through which cranial nerve V (trigeminal) exits. TAO:wd supraorbital sensory canal May be continuous with otic and infraorbital sensory canals. Sensory canal anterior to and in close proximity to the otic and infraorbital sensory canals. The supraorbital sensory canal is bilaterally paired. TAO:0001810 supraorbital canal teleost_anatomy Sensory canal anterior to and in close proximity to the otic and infraorbital sensory canals. The supraorbital sensory canal is bilaterally paired. TAO:wd infraorbital sensory canal May be continuous with otic and supraorbital sensory canals at their union. Sensory canal lateral or ventral to and in close proximity to the otic and supraorbital sensory canals at their union. The infraorbital sensory canal is bilaterally paired and associated with the infraorbital bones. TAO:0001811 infraorbital canal teleost_anatomy Sensory canal lateral or ventral to and in close proximity to the otic and supraorbital sensory canals at their union. The infraorbital sensory canal is bilaterally paired and associated with the infraorbital bones. TAO:wd preoperculo-mandibular sensory canal May be continuous with the otic and post-otic sensory canals at their union. Sensory canal lateral or ventral to and in close proximity to the otic and post-otic sensory canals at their union. The preoperculo-mandibular sensory canal is bilaterally paired and associated with the preopercle, angular and dentary bones. TAO:0001812 preoperculo-mandibular canal teleost_anatomy Sensory canal lateral or ventral to and in close proximity to the otic and post-otic sensory canals at their union. The preoperculo-mandibular sensory canal is bilaterally paired and associated with the preopercle, angular and dentary bones. TAO:wd preopercular sensory canal May be continuous with the otic and post-otic sensory canals at their union. Sensory canal lateral or ventral to and in close proximity with the otic and post-otic sensory canals at their union, and anteroventrally with the mandibular sensory canal. The preopercular sensory canal is bilaterally paired and associated with the preopercle bone. TAO:0001813 teleost_anatomy Sensory canal lateral or ventral to and in close proximity with the otic and post-otic sensory canals at their union, and anteroventrally with the mandibular sensory canal. The preopercular sensory canal is bilaterally paired and associated with the preopercle bone. TAO:wd mandibular sensory canal May be continuous with the preoperculo-mandibular sensory canal. Sensory canal anterior and ventral to and in close proximity with the preoperculo-mandibular sensory canal. The mandible sensory canal is bilaterally paired and associated with the angular and dentary bones. TAO:0001814 mandibular canal teleost_anatomy Sensory canal anterior and ventral to and in close proximity with the preoperculo-mandibular sensory canal. The mandible sensory canal is bilaterally paired and associated with the angular and dentary bones. TAO:wd nuchal plate Dermal bone that is a bony expansion in the integument anterior to or flanking the dorsal fin that is part of and at the distal end of a supraneural or dorsal fin proximal radial. TAO:0001815 teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that is a bony expansion in the integument anterior to or flanking the dorsal fin that is part of and at the distal end of a supraneural or dorsal fin proximal radial. TAO:wd anterior nuchal plate Nuchal plate that is unpaired and part of the supraneural and in contact, or not, with the supraoccipital crest anteriorly and middle nuchal plate posteriorly. TAO:0001816 first nuchal plate teleost_anatomy Nuchal plate that is unpaired and part of the supraneural and in contact, or not, with the supraoccipital crest anteriorly and middle nuchal plate posteriorly. TAO:wd middle nuchal plate Nuchal plate that is unpaired and part of dorsal fin proximal radial 1 and usually in contact with the anterior nuchal plate and paired posterior nuchal plates. TAO:0001817 median nuchal plate second nuchal plate teleost_anatomy Nuchal plate that is unpaired and part of dorsal fin proximal radial 1 and usually in contact with the anterior nuchal plate and paired posterior nuchal plates. TAO:wd dorsal fin proximal radial 1 TAO:0001818 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin proximal radial 2 TAO:0001819 teleost_anatomy posterior nuchal plate Paired nuchal plate that is part of dorsal fin proximal radial 2 and usually in contact with the middle nuchal plate. TAO:0001820 teleost_anatomy third nuchal plate Paired nuchal plate that is part of dorsal fin proximal radial 2 and usually in contact with the middle nuchal plate. TAO:wd notochord posterior region Portion of tissue that is part of the caudal fin. TAO:0001821 teleost_anatomy Portion of tissue that is part of the caudal fin. TAO:wd epibranchial 3 bone uncinate process Epibranchial uncinate process that is part of epibranchial 3 bone. TAO:0001822 teleost_anatomy Epibranchial uncinate process that is part of epibranchial 3 bone. TAO:wd epibranchial 4 bone uncinate process Epibranchial uncinate process that is part of epibranchial 4 bone. TAO:0001823 teleost_anatomy Epibranchial uncinate process that is part of epibranchial 4 bone. TAO:wd lateral line scale Scale that is associated with the lateral line sensory canal. TAO:0001824 teleost_anatomy Scale that is associated with the lateral line sensory canal. TAO:wd urohyal lateral process Process that is part of the urohyal; it is the posterolaterally directed process located on the ventrolateral margin of urohyal. Urohyal lateral process is paired. Synonyms: urohyal lateral lamella (Toledo-Piza 2007; Zanata and Vari 2005) urohyal ventral wing (Castro and Vari 2004). TAO:0001825 branche ventrale de l'urohyal (French) processus hyo-pelvien (French) teleost_anatomy urohyal lateral lamella urohyal ventral wing Process that is part of the urohyal; it is the posterolaterally directed process located on the ventrolateral margin of urohyal. Urohyal lateral process is paired. TAO:wd PSPUB:0000164 branche ventrale de l'urohyal (French) PSPUB:0000139 processus hyo-pelvien (French) urohyal median process Process that is part of the urohyal; it is the posterodorsally directed and median process located on the dorsal margin of the urohyal. TAO:0001826 teleost_anatomy Process that is part of the urohyal; it is the posterodorsally directed and median process located on the dorsal margin of the urohyal. TAO:wd premaxillary-maxillary ligament Ligament that connects the premaxilla to the maxilla. TAO:0001827 teleost_anatomy Ligament that connects the premaxilla to the maxilla. TAO:wd primordial ligament Ligament that connects the maxilla with the lower jaw. Synonym articular-maxillary ligament (Alexander 1964). TAO:0001828 articular-maxillary ligament ligamentum primordiale maxillo-mandibular ligament teleost_anatomy Ligament that connects the maxilla with the lower jaw. TAO:wd caudal fin dorsal procurrent ray Caudal procurrent ray that forms part of the anterior dorsal series of lepidotrichia of the caudal fin and may be associated with a neural spine or a epural or a uroneural. A pair of hemitrichia forms each ray. TAO:0001829 TAO:0005262 dorsal caudal procurrent ray dorsal procurrent caudal-fin ray teleost_anatomy Caudal procurrent ray that forms part of the anterior dorsal series of lepidotrichia of the caudal fin and may be associated with a neural spine or a epural or a uroneural. A pair of hemitrichia forms each ray. TAO:Arratia_2008 TAO:wd caudal fin ventral procurrent ray Caudal procurrent ray that forms part of the anterior ventral series of lepidotrichia of the caudal fin that may be associated with a neural spine or a epural or an uroneural (dorsal series) and with a hemal spine of a preural vertebra (ventral series). A caudal procurrent ray is an unpaired median bone. TAO:0001830 TAO:0005263 precurrent ray rudimentary ray teleost_anatomy ventral caudal procurrent ray ventral procurrent caudal-fin ray ventral procurrent ray Caudal procurrent ray that forms part of the anterior ventral series of lepidotrichia of the caudal fin that may be associated with a neural spine or a epural or an uroneural (dorsal series) and with a hemal spine of a preural vertebra (ventral series). A caudal procurrent ray is an unpaired median bone. TAO:Arratia_2008 TAO:wd pterosphenoid-orbitosphenoid joint Joint that articulates the pterosphenoid and orbitosphenoid. Pterosphenoid-orbitosphenoid joint is paired. TAO:0001831 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the pterosphenoid and orbitosphenoid. Pterosphenoid-orbitosphenoid joint is paired. TAO:wd parasphenoid-basioccipital joint Joint that articulates the parasphenoid and basioccipital. Parasphenoid-basioccipital joint is unpaired. TAO:0001832 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the parasphenoid and basioccipital. Parasphenoid-basioccipital joint is unpaired. TAO:wd premaxillary tooth row TAO:0001833 Tooth row that is on the premaxilla. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Tooth row that is on the premaxilla. process <new synonym> Anatomical structure that is a natural outgrowth, projection, or appendage. A process can be part of a bone, cartilage, tissue, fin, scale, etc. TAO:0001646 TAO:0001834 VSAO:0000180 bony projection flange flanges lamellae laminae processes projection projections ridge ridges shelf shelves teleost_anatomy true Anatomical structure that is a natural outgrowth, projection, or appendage. A process can be part of a bone, cartilage, tissue, fin, scale, etc. TAO:wd processes shelves flanges ridges projections immaterial anatomical entity Anatomical entity that has no mass. CARO:0000007 CARO:0000007 TAO:0001835 teleost_anatomy true Anatomical entity that has no mass. TAO:wd material anatomical entity Anatomical entity that has mass. CARO:0000006 CARO:0000006 TAO:0001836 teleost_anatomy true Anatomical entity that has mass. TAO:wd anatomical line CARO:0000008 CARO:0000008 Non-material anatomical entity of one dimension, which forms a boundary of an anatomical surface or is a modulation of an anatomical surface. TAO:0001837 teleost_anatomy true Non-material anatomical entity of one dimension, which forms a boundary of an anatomical surface or is a modulation of an anatomical surface. TAO:wd groove TAO:0001838 grooves teleost_anatomy grooves anatomical point CARO:0000009 CARO:0000009 Non-material anatomical entity of zero dimension, which forms a boundary of an anatomical line or surface. TAO:0001839 teleost_anatomy true Non-material anatomical entity of zero dimension, which forms a boundary of an anatomical line or surface. TAO:wd tip Anatomical point that is the apex of a projection or anything long and tapered; can be bony or cartilage TAO:0001840 teleost_anatomy tips tips Anatomical point that is the apex of a projection or anything long and tapered; can be bony or cartilage TAO:wd interhyal-epihyal joint Joint that articulates the interhyal and epihyal bones, or interhyal and ceratohyal cartilages. Interhyal-epihyal joint is paired. TAO:0001841 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the interhyal and epihyal bones, or interhyal and ceratohyal cartilages. Interhyal-epihyal joint is paired. TAO:wd epihyal-ceratohyal joint Joint that articulates the epihyal and ceratohyal bones. Epihyal-ceratohyal joint is paired. TAO:0001842 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the epihyal and ceratohyal bones. Epihyal-ceratohyal joint is paired. TAO:wd ceratohyal-dorsal hypohyal joint Joint that articulates the ceratohyal and dorsal hypohyal bones. Ceratohyal-dorsal hypohyal joint is paired. TAO:0001843 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the ceratohyal and dorsal hypohyal bones. Ceratohyal-dorsal hypohyal joint is paired. TAO:wd ceratohyal-ventral hypohyal joint Joint that articulates the ceratohyal and ventral hypohyal bones. Ceratohyal-ventral hypohyal joint is paired. TAO:0001844 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the ceratohyal and ventral hypohyal bones. Ceratohyal-ventral hypohyal joint is paired. TAO:wd dorsal hypohyal-ventral hypohyal joint Joint that articulates the dorsal hypohyal and ventral hypohyal bones. Dorsal hypohyal-ventral hypohyal joint is paired. TAO:0001845 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the dorsal hypohyal and ventral hypohyal bones. Dorsal hypohyal-ventral hypohyal joint is paired. TAO:wd inter-ventral hypohyal joint Joint that articulates the contralateral ventral hypohyal bones or the contralateral ceratobranchial cartilages. Inter-ventral hypohyal joint is paired. TAO:0001846 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the contralateral ventral hypohyal bones or the contralateral ceratobranchial cartilages. Inter-ventral hypohyal joint is paired. TAO:wd dorsal hypohyal-urohyal joint Joint that articulates the dorsal hypohyal and urohyal bones. Dorsal hypohyal-urohyal joint is paired. TAO:0001847 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the dorsal hypohyal and urohyal bones. Dorsal hypohyal-urohyal joint is paired. TAO:wd ventral hypohyal-urohyal joint Joint that articulates the ventral hypohyal and urohyal bones. Ventral hypohyal-urohyal joint is paired. TAO:0001848 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the ventral hypohyal and urohyal bones. Ventral hypohyal-urohyal joint is paired. TAO:wd epihyal-branchiostegal ray joint Joint that articulates the epihyal and branchiostegal ray bones. Epihyal-branchiostegal ray joint is paired. TAO:0001849 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the epihyal and branchiostegal ray bones. Epihyal-branchiostegal ray joint is paired. TAO:wd ceratohyal-branchiostegal ray joint Joint that articulates the ceratohyal and branchiostegal ray bones. Ceratohyal-branchiostegal ray joint is paired. TAO:0001850 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the ceratohyal and branchiostegal ray bones. Ceratohyal-branchiostegal ray joint is paired. TAO:wd mandibular symphysis Joint that articulates the left and right dentary bones. Mandibular symphysis is unpaired. TAO:0001851 dentary symphysis inter-dentary joint inter-mandibular joint teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the left and right dentary bones. Mandibular symphysis is unpaired. TAO:wd postcleithrum 1 Postcleithrum that anteriorly articulates with the supracleithrum and/or the cleithrum of the pectoral girdle; most dorsal element in a series of postcleithra. TAO:0001852 teleost_anatomy Postcleithrum that anteriorly articulates with the supracleithrum and/or the cleithrum of the pectoral girdle; most dorsal element in a series of postcleithra. TAO:GA_TG TAO:wd postcleithrum 2 Postcleithrum that articulates dorsally with postcleithrum 1, ventrally with postcleithrum 3, and anteriorly with cleithrum. TAO:0001853 teleost_anatomy Postcleithrum that articulates dorsally with postcleithrum 1, ventrally with postcleithrum 3, and anteriorly with cleithrum. TAO:GA_TG TAO:wd postcleithrum 3 Postcleithrum that articulates dorsally with postcleithrum 2 and, sometimes, anteriorly with cleithrum. TAO:0001854 teleost_anatomy Postcleithrum that articulates dorsally with postcleithrum 2 and, sometimes, anteriorly with cleithrum. TAO:GA_TG TAO:wd hyomandibular condyle for the opercle Process on the dorso-posterior margin of the hyomandibula cartilage or bone that articulates with a depression on the antero-dorsal margin of the opercle. TAO:0001855 opercular process of hyomandibular teleost_anatomy Process on the dorso-posterior margin of the hyomandibula cartilage or bone that articulates with a depression on the antero-dorsal margin of the opercle. TAO:wd gill ray Gill ray is a slender, usually rod-like cartilage within a gill filament and ligamentously tied to its associated pharyngeal arch bone or cartilage. TAO:0001856 teleost_anatomy Gill ray is a slender, usually rod-like cartilage within a gill filament and ligamentously tied to its associated pharyngeal arch bone or cartilage. TAO:wd hyoidean artery An artery that passes along the ventral portions of the hyoid arch; supplies oxygenated blood to the pseudobranch. TAO:0001857 teleost_anatomy An artery that passes along the ventral portions of the hyoid arch; supplies oxygenated blood to the pseudobranch. TAO:wd suprapharyngobranchial A pharyngobranchial bone that articulates with the neurocranium dorsally and epibranchial 1 and pharyngobranchial 2 ventrally; lies dorsal to other elements of the dorsal portions of the branchial arches. Articulates with the exoccipital or prootic depending on taxon. TAO:0001858 branchial spiracle teleost_anatomy A pharyngobranchial bone that articulates with the neurocranium dorsally and epibranchial 1 and pharyngobranchial 2 ventrally; lies dorsal to other elements of the dorsal portions of the branchial arches. TAO:wd pharyngobranchial 1 tooth plate Pharyngeal tooth plate that lies ventral to pharyngobranchial 1 bone. TAO:0001859 pharyngobranchial 1 toothplate teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal tooth plate that lies ventral to pharyngobranchial 1 bone. TAO:wd epibranchial 4-upper pharyngeal toothplate joint Joint that articulates the epibranchial 4 cartilage or bone and upper pharyngeal toothplate. Epibranchial 4-upper pharyngeal toothplate joint is paired. TAO:0001860 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the epibranchial 4 cartilage or bone and upper pharyngeal toothplate. Epibranchial 4-upper pharyngeal toothplate joint is paired. TAO:wd epibranchial 3-pharyngobranchial 3 joint Joint that articulates the epibranchial 3 cartilage or bone and pharyngobranchial 3 cartilage or bone. Epibranchial 3-pharyngobranchial 3 joint is paired. TAO:0001861 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the epibranchial 3 cartilage or bone and pharyngobranchial 3 cartilage or bone. Epibranchial 3-pharyngobranchial 3 joint is paired. TAO:wd epibranchial 3-pharyngobranchial 4 joint Joint that articulates the epibranchial 3 cartilage or bone and pharyngobranchial 4 cartilage or bone. Epibranchial 3-pharyngobranchial 4 joint is paired. TAO:0001862 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the epibranchial 3 cartilage or bone and pharyngobranchial 4 cartilage or bone. Epibranchial 3-pharyngobranchial 4 joint is paired. TAO:wd inter-hypobranchial 3 joint Joint that articulates the left and right hypobranchial 3 cartilages or bones. Inter-hypobranchial 3 joint is unpaired. TAO:0001863 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the left and right hypobranchial 3 cartilages or bones. Inter-hypobranchial 3 joint is unpaired. TAO:wd basibranchial 1 cartilage Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is ventral, median, and associated with branchial arch 1 (pharyngeal arch 3). TAO:0001864 teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is ventral, median, and associated with branchial arch 1 (pharyngeal arch 3). TAO:wd basibranchial 4 cartilage Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is ventral, median, and associated with branchial arch 4 (pharyngeal arch 6). TAO:0001865 teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is ventral, median, and associated with branchial arch 4 (pharyngeal arch 6). TAO:wd basibranchial 5 cartilage Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is ventral, median, and associated with branchial arch 5 (pharyngeal arch 7). TAO:0001866 teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is ventral, median, and associated with branchial arch 5 (pharyngeal arch 7). TAO:wd post-ceratobranchial cartilage Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is ventral, median, and at or posterior to the juncture of the bilaterally paired ceratobranchial 5 cartilage or bone. TAO:0001867 basibranchial 6 copula 4 pericardial cartilage teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is ventral, median, and at or posterior to the juncture of the bilaterally paired ceratobranchial 5 cartilage or bone. TAO:wd hypohyal cartilage Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates posteriorly with the ceratohyal cartilage. TAO:0001868 teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates posteriorly with the ceratohyal cartilage. TAO:wd supraneural 2 cartilage Postcranial axial cartilage located dorsal to vertebra 2. TAO:0001869 teleost_anatomy Postcranial axial cartilage located dorsal to vertebra 2. TAO:wd supraneural 3 cartilage Postcranial axial cartilage located dorsal to vertebrae 3 and 4. TAO:0001870 teleost_anatomy Postcranial axial cartilage located dorsal to vertebrae 3 and 4. TAO:wd Weberian ossicle set Anatomical cluster that consists of the Weberian ossicles. TAO:0001871 teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster that consists of the Weberian ossicles. TAO:wd trunk sensory canal system Lateral line system on trunk. TAO:0001872 teleost_anatomy Lateral line system on trunk. TAO:wd head sensory canal system Lateral line system on head and pectoral girdle. TAO:0001873 cephalic sensory canal system teleost_anatomy Lateral line system on head and pectoral girdle. TAO:wd basibranchial 2 cartilage Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is ventral, median, and associated with branchial arch 2 (pharyngeal arch 4). TAO:0001874 teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is ventral, median, and associated with branchial arch 2 (pharyngeal arch 4). TAO:wd opercular series TAO:0001875 teleost_anatomy basibranchial 3 cartilage Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is ventral, median, and associated with branchial arch 3 (pharyngeal arch 5). TAO:0001876 teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is ventral, median, and associated with branchial arch 3 (pharyngeal arch 5). TAO:wd neural arch 1 Neural arch that is the anteriormost neural arch. TAO:0001877 teleost_anatomy Neural arch that is the anteriormost neural arch. TAO:wd rib of vertebra 2 Rib that articulates with the parapophysis of the second centrum. TAO:0001878 teleost_anatomy Rib that articulates with the parapophysis of the second centrum. TAO:wd rib of vertebra 1 Rib that articulates with the parapophysis of the first centrum. TAO:0001879 teleost_anatomy Rib that articulates with the parapophysis of the first centrum. TAO:wd rib of vertebra 3 Rib that articulates with the parapophysis of the third centrum. TAO:0001880 teleost_anatomy Rib that articulates with the parapophysis of the third centrum. TAO:wd rib of vertebra 4 Rib that articulates with the parapophysis of the fourth centrum. TAO:0001881 teleost_anatomy Rib that articulates with the parapophysis of the fourth centrum. TAO:wd parapophysis + rib of vertebra 3 TAO:0001882 teleost_anatomy parapophysis + rib of vertebra 3 + rib of vertebra 4 TAO:0001883 teleost_anatomy accessory neural arch Definition from de Pinna and Grande (2003). Neural arch that is located posterior to the neurocranium and anterior to neural arch 1. The accessory neural arch is not associated with a vertebral centrum. TAO:0001884 teleost_anatomy Neural arch that is located posterior to the neurocranium and anterior to neural arch 1. The accessory neural arch is not associated with a vertebral centrum. TAO:wd neural spine 1 Neural spine that is associated with the first vertebra. TAO:0001885 teleost_anatomy Neural spine that is associated with the first vertebra. TAO:wd neural spine 2 Neural spine that is associated with the second vertebra. TAO:0001886 teleost_anatomy Neural spine that is associated with the second vertebra. TAO:wd neural spine 3 Neural spine that is associated with the third vertebra. TAO:0001887 teleost_anatomy Neural spine that is associated with the third vertebra. TAO:wd supraneural 1 bone Supraneural bone located dorsal to vertebra 1. TAO:0001888 teleost_anatomy Supraneural bone located dorsal to vertebra 1. TAO:wd supraneural 1 cartilage Postcranial axial cartilage located dorsal to vertebra 1. TAO:0001889 teleost_anatomy Postcranial axial cartilage located dorsal to vertebra 1. TAO:wd skeletal element Organ entity that may have different tissue compositions at different stages and is typically involved in mechanical support. TAO:0001890 VSAO:0000128 teleost_anatomy true Organ entity that may have different tissue compositions at different stages and is typically involved in mechanical support. TAO:VSAO_workshop basihyal element Skeletal element that is median and is the anterior-most element of the ventral hyoid arch. TAO:0001891 teleost_anatomy Skeletal element that is median and is the anterior-most element of the ventral hyoid arch. TAO:wd interhyal element Skeletal element that is bilaterally paired and articulates dorsally with the hyosymplectic cartilage or the articulation of the hyomandibula and symplectic. TAO:0001892 teleost_anatomy Skeletal element that is bilaterally paired and articulates dorsally with the hyosymplectic cartilage or the articulation of the hyomandibula and symplectic. TAO:wd hypobranchial element Skeletal element that is bilaterally paired and articulates medially with a median skeletal element and laterally with a ceratobranchial element. TAO:0001893 teleost_anatomy Skeletal element that is bilaterally paired and articulates medially with a median skeletal element and laterally with a ceratobranchial element. TAO:wd hypobranchial 1 element Skeletal element that is ventral, bilaterally paired and articulates with a median skeletal element medially and with a ceratobranchial 1 element laterally. TAO:0001894 teleost_anatomy Skeletal element that is ventral, bilaterally paired and articulates with a median skeletal element medially and with a ceratobranchial 1 element laterally. TAO:wd hypobranchial 2 element Skeletal element that is ventral, bilaterally paired and articulates with a median skeletal element medially and with a ceratobranchial 2 element laterally. TAO:0001895 teleost_anatomy Skeletal element that is ventral, bilaterally paired and articulates with a median skeletal element medially and with a ceratobranchial 2 element laterally. TAO:wd hypobranchial 3 element Skeletal element that is ventral, bilaterally paired and articulates with a median skeletal element medially and with a ceratobranchial 3 element laterally. TAO:0001896 teleost_anatomy Skeletal element that is ventral, bilaterally paired and articulates with a median skeletal element medially and with a ceratobranchial 3 element laterally. TAO:wd hypobranchial 4 element Skeletal element that is ventral, bilaterally paired and articulates with a median skeletal element medially and with a ceratobranchial 4 element laterally. TAO:0001897 teleost_anatomy Skeletal element that is ventral, bilaterally paired and articulates with a median skeletal element medially and with a ceratobranchial 4 element laterally. TAO:wd ceratobranchial element Skeletal element that is bilaterally paired and forms part of the ventral branchial arches. TAO:0001898 teleost_anatomy Skeletal element that is bilaterally paired and forms part of the ventral branchial arches. TAO:wd ceratobranchial 1 element TAO:0001899 teleost_anatomy ceratobranchial 2 element TAO:0001900 teleost_anatomy ceratobranchial 3 element TAO:0001901 teleost_anatomy ceratobranchial 4 element TAO:0001902 teleost_anatomy ceratobranchial 5 element TAO:0001903 teleost_anatomy epibranchial element Skeletal element that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial element. TAO:0001904 epibranchial elements teleost_anatomy epibranchial elements Skeletal element that is bilaterally paired and articulates laterally with ceratobranchial element. TAO:wd epibranchial 1 element TAO:0001905 teleost_anatomy epibranchial 2 element TAO:0001906 teleost_anatomy epibranchial 3 element TAO:0001907 teleost_anatomy epibranchial 4 element TAO:0001908 teleost_anatomy pharyngobranchial element Skeletal element of the branchial arches located medial to the epibranchials. TAO:0001909 teleost_anatomy Skeletal element of the branchial arches located medial to the epibranchials. TAO:wd pharyngobranchial 1 element Most anterior pharyngobranchial element, located medial to the epibranchials. TAO:0001910 teleost_anatomy Most anterior pharyngobranchial element, located medial to the epibranchials. TAO:wd pharyngobranchial 2 element Pharyngobranchial element, located medial to the epibranchials and posteriorly adjacent to pharyngobranchial 1 element. TAO:0001911 teleost_anatomy Pharyngobranchial element, located medial to the epibranchials and posteriorly adjacent to pharyngobranchial 1 element. TAO:wd pharyngobranchial 3 element Pharyngobranchial element, located medial to the epibranchials and posteriorly adjacent to pharyngobranchial 2 element. TAO:0001912 teleost_anatomy Pharyngobranchial element, located medial to the epibranchials and posteriorly adjacent to pharyngobranchial 2 element. TAO:wd pharyngobranchial 4 element Most posterior pharyngobranchial element, located medial to the epibranchials. TAO:0001913 infrapharyngobranchial 4 element teleost_anatomy Most posterior pharyngobranchial element, located medial to the epibranchials. TAO:wd basibranchial element Endochondral element that is ventral, median, and associated with a single pharyngeal arch in the pharyngeal arch 3-7 skeleton. TAO:0001914 teleost_anatomy Endochondral element that is ventral, median, and associated with a single pharyngeal arch in the pharyngeal arch 3-7 skeleton. TAO:wd basibranchial 1 element Skeletal element that is median and associated with branchial arch 1. TAO:0001915 teleost_anatomy Skeletal element that is median and associated with branchial arch 1. TAO:wd basibranchial 2 element Skeletal element that is median and associated with branchial arch 2. TAO:0001916 teleost_anatomy Skeletal element that is median and associated with branchial arch 2. TAO:wd basibranchial 3 element Skeletal element that is median and associated with branchial arch 3. TAO:0001917 teleost_anatomy Skeletal element that is median and associated with branchial arch 3. TAO:wd basibranchial 4 element Skeletal element that is median and associated with branchial arch 4. TAO:0001918 teleost_anatomy Skeletal element that is median and associated with branchial arch 4. TAO:wd basibranchial 5 element Skeletal element that is median and associated with branchial arch 5. TAO:0001919 teleost_anatomy Skeletal element that is median and associated with branchial arch 5. TAO:wd pseudotympanum Anatomical structure that is formed as a hiatus in the muscles covering the anterior chamber of the swim bladder in the area of ribs 5 and 6. TAO:0001920 humeral hiatus teleost_anatomy Anatomical structure that is formed as a hiatus in the muscles covering the anterior chamber of the swim bladder in the area of ribs 5 and 6. TAO:wd adipose eyelid Surface structure that is a fleshy membrane covering part of the eye. TAO:0001921 teleost_anatomy Surface structure that is a fleshy membrane covering part of the eye. TAO:wd inter-frontal joint Joint between the left and right frontal bone. TAO:0001922 interfrontal suture metopic suture teleost_anatomy Joint between the left and right frontal bone. TAO:wd ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-060323-12 metopic suture ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-060323-12 interfrontal suture aortic canal Canal that houses the dorsal aorta. TAO:0001923 teleost_anatomy Canal that houses the dorsal aorta. TAO:wd occipital artery foramen Foramina that allow passage of occipital arteries. TAO:0001924 teleost_anatomy Foramina that allow passage of occipital arteries. TAO:wd spiracular canal Foramen for passage of nerve supplying otic lateral line. TAO:0001925 teleost_anatomy Foramen for passage of nerve supplying otic lateral line. TAO:wd posterior myodome Fossa or chamber on posterior portion of orbital region of neurocranium that serves as attachment site for posterior extrinsic eye muscles. TAO:0001926 teleost_anatomy Fossa or chamber on posterior portion of orbital region of neurocranium that serves as attachment site for posterior extrinsic eye muscles. TAO:wd anterior myodome Fossa or chamber on anterior portion of orbital region of neurocranium that serves as attachment site for anterior extrinsic eye musculature. TAO:0001927 teleost_anatomy Fossa or chamber on anterior portion of orbital region of neurocranium that serves as attachment site for anterior extrinsic eye musculature. TAO:wd articular fossa of opercle Fossa of opercle that articulates with hyomandibular condyle for opercle. TAO:0001928 teleost_anatomy Fossa of opercle that articulates with hyomandibular condyle for opercle. TAO:wd epioccipital posterior process Process of the epioccipital that extends posteriorly, is laminar in form and is usually attached to Weberian apparatus. TAO:0001929 teleost_anatomy Process of the epioccipital that extends posteriorly, is laminar in form and is usually attached to Weberian apparatus. TAO:wd accessory vomerine tooth plate Accessory vomerine tooth plate is not synonymous with dermopalatine tooth plate, palatine tooth plate, or pterygoid tooth plate. Dermal bone that is located lateral to vomer off midline of palate. Accessory vomerine tooth plate bears teeth and may be present as one or more pairs. TAO:0001930 teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that is located lateral to vomer off midline of palate. Accessory vomerine tooth plate bears teeth and may be present as one or more pairs. TAO:wd infranuchal scute Scute that is an elongated plate associated with a ligament running between posterior nuchal plate and rib on vertebra 6. Infranuchal scute is paired and develops from its associated ligament and sensory canal tubular ossicle. TAO:0001931 teleost_anatomy Scute that is an elongated plate associated with a ligament running between posterior nuchal plate and rib on vertebra 6. Infranuchal scute is paired and develops from its associated ligament and sensory canal tubular ossicle. TAO:wd sensory canal tubular ossicle Dermal bone that is ring-shaped or cylindrical and surrounds a sensory canal. TAO:0001932 teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that is ring-shaped or cylindrical and surrounds a sensory canal. TAO:wd sensory canal tubule Sensory canal that is a side branch between a sensory canal proximally and a pore at its distal end. Sensory canal tubule is bilaterally paired although often imperfectly so. TAO:0001933 teleost_anatomy Sensory canal that is a side branch between a sensory canal proximally and a pore at its distal end. Sensory canal tubule is bilaterally paired although often imperfectly so. TAO:wd rostral plate Dermal bone that is located on midline of snout in skin above mesethmoid and lateral ethmoid bones. Rostral plate bears type 1 odontodes and is unpaired. TAO:0001934 teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that is located on midline of snout in skin above mesethmoid and lateral ethmoid bones. Rostral plate bears type 1 odontodes and is unpaired. TAO:wd oral disk Lip that is expanded to form a broad, rounded cup around the mouth. TAO:0001935 teleost_anatomy Lip that is expanded to form a broad, rounded cup around the mouth. TAO:wd posterior nasal barbel Barbel that is attached to the anterior rim of the posterior nostril. Posterior nasal barbel is paired. TAO:0001936 teleost_anatomy Barbel that is attached to the anterior rim of the posterior nostril. Posterior nasal barbel is paired. TAO:wd anterior nasal barbel Barbel that is associated with the anterior nostril. Anterior nasal barbel is paired. TAO:0001937 teleost_anatomy Barbel that is associated with the anterior nostril. Anterior nasal barbel is paired. TAO:wd maxillary barbel Barbel that is attached to the distal end of the maxilla and that originates on the side of the mouth. Maxillary barbel is paired. TAO:0001938 teleost_anatomy Barbel that is attached to the distal end of the maxilla and that originates on the side of the mouth. Maxillary barbel is paired. TAO:wd inter-basipterygium joint Joint that articulates the left and right basipterygium cartilage or bone. Inter-basipterygium joint is unpaired. TAO:0001939 pelvic girdle symphysis pelvic symphysis teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the left and right basipterygium cartilage or bone. Inter-basipterygium joint is unpaired. TAO:wd vertebra 4-vertebra 5 joint Joint between the centra, and sometimes the neural arches or parapophyses of vertebra 4 and vertebra 5. TAO:0001940 teleost_anatomy Joint between the centra, and sometimes the neural arches or parapophyses of vertebra 4 and vertebra 5. TAO:wd orbitosphenoid-lateral ethmoid joint Joint that articulates the orbitosphenoid cartilage or bone and lateral ethmoid cartilage or bone. Orbitosphenoid-lateral ethmoid joint is paired. TAO:0001941 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the orbitosphenoid cartilage or bone and lateral ethmoid cartilage or bone. Orbitosphenoid-lateral ethmoid joint is paired. TAO:wd autopalatine-maxillary joint Joint that articulates the autopalatine cartilage or bone and maxilla. TAO:0001942 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the autopalatine cartilage or bone and maxilla. TAO:wd metapterygoid-autopalatine ligament Ligament that connects the metapterygoid to the autopalatine. TAO:0001943 teleost_anatomy Ligament that connects the metapterygoid to the autopalatine. TAO:wd lateral ethmoid-autopalatine ligament Lateral ethmoid-autopalatine ligament is a ligament that connects the lateral ethmoid to the autopalatine. TAO:0001944 teleost_anatomy Lateral ethmoid-autopalatine ligament is a ligament that connects the lateral ethmoid to the autopalatine. TAO:wd mesethmoid-premaxillary ligament Mesethmoid-premaxillary ligament is a ligament that connects the mesethmoid to the premaxilla. TAO:0001945 teleost_anatomy Mesethmoid-premaxillary ligament is a ligament that connects the mesethmoid to the premaxilla. TAO:wd mesethmoid-maxillary ligament Mesethmoid-maxillary ligament is a ligament that connects the mesethmoid to the maxilla. TAO:0001946 teleost_anatomy Mesethmoid-maxillary ligament is a ligament that connects the mesethmoid to the maxilla. TAO:wd hyomandibular-otic region joint Joint that articulates the hyomandibular cartilage or bone and otic region cartilage or sphenotic bone, and often pterotic bone and prootic bone. Hyomandibular-otic region joint is paired. TAO:0001947 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the hyomandibular cartilage or bone and otic region cartilage or sphenotic bone, and often pterotic bone and prootic bone. Hyomandibular-otic region joint is paired. TAO:wd anal-fin hook Process that is part of the anal fin lepidotrichium. TAO:0001948 anal fin hook teleost_anatomy Process that is part of the anal fin lepidotrichium. TAO:wd caudal-fin hook Caudal fin hook is found in some characiform fishes. Process that is part of the caudal fin lepidotrichium. TAO:0001949 caudal fin hook teleost_anatomy Process that is part of the caudal fin lepidotrichium. TAO:wd inter-premaxillary joint Joint that articulates the left and right premaxillary bones. Inter-premaxillary joint is unpaired. TAO:0001950 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the left and right premaxillary bones. Inter-premaxillary joint is unpaired. TAO:wd skin flap Surface structure that is a portion of skin that projects or hangs from the body. TAO:0001951 teleost_anatomy Surface structure that is a portion of skin that projects or hangs from the body. TAO:wd dentary tooth row TAO:0001952 Tooth row that is on the dentary. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Tooth row that is on the dentary. cranial muscle TAO:0001953 teleost_anatomy axial muscle TAO:0001954 teleost_anatomy pigmentation TAO:0001955 body pigmentation teleost_anatomy true epibranchial 1 bone proximal cartilage Pharyngeal cartilage that is part of and at the proximal end of epibranchial 1 bone, and that usually articulates with a pharyngobranchial element. Epibranchial 1 bone proximal cartilage is paired. TAO:0001956 epibranchial 1 anterior cartilage epibranchial 1 mesial cartilage teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal cartilage that is part of and at the proximal end of epibranchial 1 bone, and that usually articulates with a pharyngobranchial element. Epibranchial 1 bone proximal cartilage is paired. TAO:wd epibranchial 2 bone proximal cartilage Pharyngeal cartilage that is part of and at the proximal end of epibranchial 2 bone, and that usually articulates with a pharyngobranchial element. Epibranchial 2 bone proximal cartilage is paired. TAO:0001957 epibranchial 2 anterior cartilage epibranchial 2 mesial cartilage teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal cartilage that is part of and at the proximal end of epibranchial 2 bone, and that usually articulates with a pharyngobranchial element. Epibranchial 2 bone proximal cartilage is paired. TAO:w ceratobranchial 3 bone distal cartilage Pharynbeal cartilage that is part of and at the distal end of ceratobranchial 3 bone, and that usually articulates with epibranchial 3 element. Ceratobranchial 3 bone distal cartilage is paired. TAO:0001958 ceratobranchial 3 bone lateral cartilage ceratobranchial 3 bone posterior cartilage teleost_anatomy Pharynbeal cartilage that is part of and at the distal end of ceratobranchial 3 bone, and that usually articulates with epibranchial 3 element. Ceratobranchial 3 bone distal cartilage is paired. TAO:wd ceratobranchial 4 bone proximal cartilage Pharyngeal cartilage that is part of and at the proximal end of ceratobranchial 4 bone, and that usually articulates with basibranchial 4 element. Ceratobranchial 4 proximal cartilage is paired. TAO:0001959 ceratobranchial 4 bone anterior cartilage ceratobranchial 4 bone mesial cartilage teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal cartilage that is part of and at the proximal end of ceratobranchial 4 bone, and that usually articulates with basibranchial 4 element. Ceratobranchial 4 proximal cartilage is paired. TAO:wd ceratobranchial 4 bone distal cartilage Pharyngeal cartilage that is part of and at the distal end of ceratobranchial 4 bone, and that usually articulates with epibranchial 4 element. Ceratobranchial 4 distal cartilage is paired. TAO:0001960 ceratobranchial 4 bone lateral cartilage ceratobranchial 4 bone posterior cartilage teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal cartilage that is part of and at the distal end of ceratobranchial 4 bone, and that usually articulates with epibranchial 4 element. Ceratobranchial 4 distal cartilage is paired. TAO:wd ceratobranchial 5 bone distal cartilage Pharyngeal cartilage that is part of and at the distal end of ceratobranchial 5 bone. Ceratobranchial 5 bone distal cartilage is paired. TAO:0001961 ceratobranchial 5 bone lateral cartilage ceratobranchial 5 bone posterior cartilage teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal cartilage that is part of and at the distal end of ceratobranchial 5 bone. Ceratobranchial 5 bone distal cartilage is paired. TAO:wd hypobranchial 1 bone distal cartilage Pharyngeal cartilage that is part of and at the distal end of hypobranchial 1 bone, and that usually articulates with ceratobranchial 1 element. Hypobranchial 1 bone distal cartilage is paired. TAO:0001962 hypobranchial 1 bone lateral cartilage hypobranchial 1 bone posterior cartilage teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal cartilage that is part of and at the distal end of hypobranchial 1 bone, and that usually articulates with ceratobranchial 1 element. Hypobranchial 1 bone distal cartilage is paired. TAO:wd hypobranchial 2 bone distal cartilage Pharyngeal cartilage that is part of and at the distal end of hypobranchial 2 bone, and that usually articulates with ceratobranchial 2 element. Hypobranchial 2 bone distal cartilage is paired. TAO:0001963 hypobranchial 2 bone lateral cartilage hypobranchial 2 bone posterior cartilage teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal cartilage that is part of and at the distal end of hypobranchial 2 bone, and that usually articulates with ceratobranchial 2 element. Hypobranchial 2 bone distal cartilage is paired. TAO:wd epibranchial 3 bone uncinate process cartilage Pharyngeal cartilage that is part of and at the distal end of epibranchial bone 3 uncinate process. epibranchial bone 3 uncinate process cartilage is paired. TAO:0001964 teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal cartilage that is part of and at the distal end of epibranchial bone 3 uncinate process. epibranchial bone 3 uncinate process cartilage is paired. TAO:wd epibranchial 4 bone uncinate process cartilage Pharyngeal cartilage that is part of and at the distal end of epibranchial bone 4 uncinate process. Epibranchial bone 4 uncinate process cartilage is paired. TAO:0001965 teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal cartilage that is part of and at the distal end of epibranchial bone 4 uncinate process. Epibranchial bone 4 uncinate process cartilage is paired. TAO:wd epibranchial 5 element TAO:0001966 teleost_anatomy orbit Anatomical space that is the concavity containing the eye. TAO:0001967 teleost_anatomy Anatomical space that is the concavity containing the eye. TAO:wd outer mental barbel Mental barbel that originates on the chin, in a posterolateral position relative to the inner mental barbel. TAO:0001968 teleost_anatomy Mental barbel that originates on the chin, in a posterolateral position relative to the inner mental barbel. TAO:wd inner mental barbel Mental barbel that originates on the chin, in an anteromedial position relative to the outer mental barbel. The inner mental barbel is nearer to the mandibular symphysis than is the outer mental barbel. TAO:0001969 teleost_anatomy Mental barbel that originates on the chin, in an anteromedial position relative to the outer mental barbel. The inner mental barbel is nearer to the mandibular symphysis than is the outer mental barbel. TAO:wd upper lip Lip that covers the upper portion of the mouth. TAO:0001970 teleost_anatomy Lip that covers the upper portion of the mouth. TAO:wd parapophysis 4 Parapophysis that is the lateral projection from the fourth centrum. Parapophysis 4 is bilaterally paired. TAO:0001971 teleost_anatomy Parapophysis that is the lateral projection from the fourth centrum. Parapophysis 4 is bilaterally paired. TAO:wd intercostal ligament Ligament that connects one rib to another. TAO:0001972 teleost_anatomy Ligament that connects one rib to another. TAO:wd tooth cusp Anatomical structure that is a natural outgrowth, prominence, or point that is part of the surface of a tooth. TAO:0001973 cusp of tooth teleost_anatomy tooth cusps tooth cusps Anatomical structure that is a natural outgrowth, prominence, or point that is part of the surface of a tooth. TAO:wd subtemporal fossa TAO:0001974 teleost_anatomy suprabranchial artery TAO:0001975 teleost_anatomy interorbital septum Anatomical cluster composed of one or more bones and tissue that separates the orbits. TAO:0001976 teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster composed of one or more bones and tissue that separates the orbits. TAO:wd pad Surface structure that is a portion of the integument thickened relative to surrounding area. TAO:0001977 pads teleost_anatomy pads Surface structure that is a portion of the integument thickened relative to surrounding area. TAO:wd maxillary tooth row TAO:0001978 Tooth row that is on the maxilla. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Tooth row that is on the maxilla. hyomandibula-metapterygoid joint Joint that articulates the hyomandibula bone and metapterygoid bone. TAO:0001979 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the hyomandibula bone and metapterygoid bone. TAO:wd vertebra 6 TAO:0001980 Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to vertebra 5. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to vertebra 5. vertebra 7 TAO:0001981 Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to vertebra 6. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to vertebra 6. vertebra 8 TAO:0001982 Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to vertebra 7. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to vertebra 7. centrum 1 Centrum that is part of vertebra 1. TAO:0001983 teleost_anatomy Centrum that is part of vertebra 1. TAO:wd centrum 2 Centrum that is part of vertebra 2. TAO:0001984 teleost_anatomy Centrum that is part of vertebra 2. TAO:wd centrum 3 Centrum that is part of vertebra 3. TAO:0001985 teleost_anatomy Centrum that is part of vertebra 3. TAO:wd centrum 4 Centrum that is part of vertebra 4. TAO:0001986 teleost_anatomy Centrum that is part of vertebra 4. TAO:wd centrum 5 Centrum that is part of vertebra 5. TAO:0001987 teleost_anatomy Centrum that is part of vertebra 5. TAO:wd centrum 6 Centrum that is part of vertebra 6. TAO:0001988 teleost_anatomy Centrum that is part of vertebra 6. TAO:wd mandibular-hyoid median cartilage Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is a spherical mass of cartilage located between the mandibular symphysis and ventral hyoid arch. Mandibular-hyoid median cartilage is unpaired. Schaefer, S. 1990. (Anatomy and relationships of the scoloplacid catfishes. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. 142: 167-210) described this structure in certain catfishes and applied the name hyomandibular cartilage. To avoid possible confusion of this structure with the hyomandibular cartilage (or bone) of the suspensorium, the term mandibular-hyoid median cartilage is used here. TAO:0001989 hyomandibular cartilage sensu Schaefer (1990) teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is a spherical mass of cartilage located between the mandibular symphysis and ventral hyoid arch. Mandibular-hyoid median cartilage is unpaired. TAO:wd epibranchial arborescent organ Anatomical cluster that is an outgrowth of the soft tissue around the dorsolateral corner of a branchial arch that is internally supported by a core of rigid cartilage-like tissue. Epibranchial arborescent organ is paired. Greenwood, P. H. 1961 (A revision of the genus Dinotopterus Blgr. (pisces, Clariidae) with notes on the comparative anatomy of the suprabranchial organs in the Clariidae. Bull. British Mus (Nat. His.), Zool. 7(4): 217-241.) described this structure in certain catfishes and applied the term suprabranchial organ to it. To avoid possible confusion with distinctly different structures bearing the name suprabranchial organs in other teleosts, the term epibranchial arborescent organ is used here following the lead of de Pinna 1993. TAO:0001990 suprabranchial organ teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster that is an outgrowth of the soft tissue around the dorsolateral corner of a branchial arch that is internally supported by a core of rigid cartilage-like tissue. Epibranchial arborescent organ is paired. TAO:wd lateral bone Membrane bone extending between a transverse process of the second proximal dorsal-fin radial and the pleural rib of the sixth vertebra. Lateral bone is paired. TAO:0001991 teleost_anatomy Membrane bone extending between a transverse process of the second proximal dorsal-fin radial and the pleural rib of the sixth vertebra. Lateral bone is paired. TAO:wd branched anal fin ray Anal fin lepidotrichium that is distally branched. TAO:0001992 anal fin branched ray teleost_anatomy Anal fin lepidotrichium that is distally branched. TAO:wd branched pectoral fin ray Pectoral fin lepidotrichium that is distally branched and segmented. TAO:0001993 pectoral fin branched ray teleost_anatomy Pectoral fin lepidotrichium that is distally branched and segmented. TAO:wd gill raker row Anatomical cluster that consists of adjacent gill rakers constituting a row and is part of a ceratobranchial or epibranchial element of the branchial arches. Gill raker row is paired. TAO:0001994 teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster that consists of adjacent gill rakers constituting a row and is part of a ceratobranchial or epibranchial element of the branchial arches. Gill raker row is paired. TAO:wd papilla Surface structure that is a small, fleshy protuberance. TAO:0001995 dermal papilla papillae teleost_anatomy papillae Surface structure that is a small, fleshy protuberance. TAO:wd maxillary canal TAO:0001996 teleost_anatomy parietal-supraoccipital A parietal-supraoccipital or parieto-supraoccipital bone is an element present in Siluriformes. Compound dermal and endochondral bone that results from the fusion of the paired dermal parietal bones and the median endodermal supraoccipital. Forms the dorso-posterior element of the dermatocranium. TAO:0001997 parieto-supraoccipital supraoccipital teleost_anatomy Compound dermal and endochondral bone that results from the fusion of the paired dermal parietal bones and the median endodermal supraoccipital. Forms the dorso-posterior element of the dermatocranium. TAO:GA_TG posttemporal-supracleithrum A posttemporo-supracleithrum is a bone present in Siluriformes. There are different opinions if this is the result of an ontogenetic or a phylogenetic fusion or the loss or one or other bone. Dermal bone that results from the fusion of the dermal posttemporal and the dermal supracleithrum. Forms the upper skeletal element of the pectoral girdle between the cleithrum and neurocranium. Posttemporal-supracleithrum is paired. TAO:0001998 postemporo-supracleithrum posttemporal posttemporo-supracleithrum supracleithrum teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that results from the fusion of the dermal posttemporal and the dermal supracleithrum. Forms the upper skeletal element of the pectoral girdle between the cleithrum and neurocranium. Posttemporal-supracleithrum is paired. TAO:wd posterior cleithral process Process arising from the posterior or postero-dorsal margin of the cleithrum dorsally adjacent to the insertion of the pectoral fin. Posterior cleithral process is paired. TAO:0001999 humeral process postcleithral process teleost_anatomy Process arising from the posterior or postero-dorsal margin of the cleithrum dorsally adjacent to the insertion of the pectoral fin. Posterior cleithral process is paired. TAO:wd posterior dentation of pectoral fin spine Process that is tooth-like or thorn-like and arising from the posteriorly-facing margin of the abducted pectoral spine. TAO:0002000 pectoral fin spine posterior dentation posterior denticle of pectoral fin spine posterior serration of pectoral fin spine posterior thorn of pectoral fin spine posterior tooth of pectoral fin spine teleost_anatomy Process that is tooth-like or thorn-like and arising from the posteriorly-facing margin of the abducted pectoral spine. TAO:wd anterior dentation of pectoral fin spine Process that is tooth- or thorn-like and arising from the anteriorly-facing margin of the abducted pectoral spine. Anterior dentation of pectoral fin spine is usually present on the proximal and/or middle section of the pectoral fin spine. TAO:0002001 anterior denticle of pectoral fin spine anterior serration of pectoral fin spine anterior thorn of pectoral fin spine anterior tooth of pectoral fin spine pectoral fin spine anterior dentation teleost_anatomy Process that is tooth- or thorn-like and arising from the anteriorly-facing margin of the abducted pectoral spine. Anterior dentation of pectoral fin spine is usually present on the proximal and/or middle section of the pectoral fin spine. TAO:wd anterior distal serration of pectoral fin spine Process that is retrorse, thorn-like and arising from the anteriorly-facing margin of the abducted pectoral spine. Anterior distal serration of pectoral fin spine is usually present on the distal section of the pectoral fin spine. TAO:0002002 anterior denticle of pectoral fin spine anterior serration of pectoral fin spine anterior thorn of pectoral fin spine anterior tooth of pectoral fin spine pectoral fin spine anterior distal serration teleost_anatomy Process that is retrorse, thorn-like and arising from the anteriorly-facing margin of the abducted pectoral spine. Anterior distal serration of pectoral fin spine is usually present on the distal section of the pectoral fin spine. TAO:wd posterior dentation of dorsal fin spine 2 Process that is tooth or thorn-like and arising from the posteriorly-facing margin of the abducted dorsal-fin spine 2. TAO:0002003 dorsal fin spine 2 posterior dentation posterior denticle of dorsal fin spine 2 posterior serration of dorsal fin spine 2 posterior thorn of dorsal fin spine 2 posterior tooth of dorsal fin spine 2 teleost_anatomy Process that is tooth or thorn-like and arising from the posteriorly-facing margin of the abducted dorsal-fin spine 2. TAO:wd anterior dentation of dorsal fin spine 2 Process that is tooth- or thorn-like and arising from the anteriorly-facing margin of the abducted dorsal-fin spine 2. TAO:0002004 anterior denticle of dorsal fin spine 2 anterior serration of dorsal fin spine 2 anterior thorn of dorsal fin spine 2 anterior tooth of dorsal fin spine 2 dorsal fin spine 2 anterior dentation teleost_anatomy Process that is tooth- or thorn-like and arising from the anteriorly-facing margin of the abducted dorsal-fin spine 2. TAO:wd canal plate Dermal bone that is ventral to the preopercle and bears a portion of the preopercular sensory canal. TAO:0002005 The number of canal plates present can be variable. teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that is ventral to the preopercle and bears a portion of the preopercular sensory canal. TAO:wd axillary pore Pore that is located ventral to the posterior cleithral process and medial to the pectoral fin. Axillary pore is at the end of a duct from an integumentary gland. TAO:0002006 teleost_anatomy Pore that is located ventral to the posterior cleithral process and medial to the pectoral fin. Axillary pore is at the end of a duct from an integumentary gland. TAO:wd supraneural 4 bone Supraneural dorsal to neural spine 4. TAO:0002007 teleost_anatomy Supraneural dorsal to neural spine 4. TAO:wd neural lamina Neural lamina is a median, vertical ridge or bony septum between neural spine 3 and neural spine 4 on the dorsal side of the Weberian vertebra. Neural lamina is unpaired. TAO:0002008 teleost_anatomy Neural lamina is a median, vertical ridge or bony septum between neural spine 3 and neural spine 4 on the dorsal side of the Weberian vertebra. Neural lamina is unpaired. TAO:wd medial cartilage of palatine Pharyngeal cartilage that caps the medial margin of the palatine at the autopalatine-lateral ethmoid joint. TAO:0002009 teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal cartilage that caps the medial margin of the palatine at the autopalatine-lateral ethmoid joint. TAO:wd hyoideomandibular nerve Nerve that is a branch of cranial nerve VII that passes through or around the suspensorium to innervate muscles and sensory organs on or near pharyngeal arch 2. TAO:0002010 teleost_anatomy Nerve that is a branch of cranial nerve VII that passes through or around the suspensorium to innervate muscles and sensory organs on or near pharyngeal arch 2. TAO:wd lateral fontanel of frontal Fontanel within the frontal bone near the frontal-sphenotic joint. Lateral fontanel of frontal is paired. Original reference: de Pinna MCC, Vari RP. 1995. Monophyly and phylogenetic diagnosis of the family Cetopsidae, with synonymization of the Helogenidae (Teleostei: Siluriformes). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 571: 1-26. TAO:0002011 teleost_anatomy Fontanel within the frontal bone near the frontal-sphenotic joint. Lateral fontanel of frontal is paired. TAO:wd dentary foramen Foramen located on the dentary for passage of the mandibular nerve. TAO:0002012 teleost_anatomy Foramen located on the dentary for passage of the mandibular nerve. TAO:wd ascending limb of ceratobranchial 5 bone An ascending limb of the ceratobranchial is found in Cypriniformes. Process that is the dorsally directed portion of ceratobranchial 5 bone. TAO:0002013 teleost_anatomy Process that is the dorsally directed portion of ceratobranchial 5 bone. TAO:wd ascending limb of ceratobranchial 5 cartilage An ascending limb of the ceratobranchial is found in Cypriniformes. Process that is the dorsally directed portion of ceratobranchial 5 cartilage. TAO:0002014 teleost_anatomy Process that is the dorsally directed portion of ceratobranchial 5 cartilage. TAO:wd pharyngobranchial tooth plate Dermal bone of upper pharyngeal arches associated with pharyngobranchial bones or cartilages, usually bearing teeth. TAO:0002015 pharyngobranchial toothplate teleost_anatomy Dermal bone of upper pharyngeal arches associated with pharyngobranchial bones or cartilages, usually bearing teeth. TAO:wd pharyngobranchial 4 tooth plate Pharyngeal tooth plate that lies ventral to pharyngobranchial 4. TAO:0002016 pharyngobranchial 4 toothplate teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal tooth plate that lies ventral to pharyngobranchial 4. TAO:wd anterior limb of ceratobranchial 5 bone Process that is the anterior and medially directed portion of ceratobranchial 5 bone part of ceratobranchial 5 bone. TAO:0002017 This term applies to cypriniform fishes. teleost_anatomy Process that is the anterior and medially directed portion of ceratobranchial 5 bone part of ceratobranchial 5 bone. TAO:wd anterior limb of ceratobranchial 5 cartilage Process that is the anterior and medially directed portion of ceratobranchial 5 cartilage. TAO:0002018 This term applies to cypriniform fishes. teleost_anatomy Process that is the anterior and medially directed portion of ceratobranchial 5 cartilage. TAO:wd pterotic-posttemporal-supracleithrum Bone that is a fusion of the pterotic, posttemporal, and supracleithrum bones. TAO:0002019 pterotic-supracleithrum teleost_anatomy Bone that is a fusion of the pterotic, posttemporal, and supracleithrum bones. TAO:wd hypomaxilla Dermal bone bearing teeth located between the distal end of the premaxilla and the middle of the maxilla. The hypomaxilla is a paired bone. Hypomaxilla is a bone restricted to some clupeiforms. See Berry (1964) for a detailed account of the distribution of the hypomaxilla within clupeiforms and specifically in Herengula. TAO:0002020 teleost_anatomy Dermal bone bearing teeth located between the distal end of the premaxilla and the middle of the maxilla. The hypomaxilla is a paired bone. TAO:ga_tg ascending process of the parasphenoid Process that is the lateral projection of the parasphenoid arising and articulating with the more dorsal portions of the neurocranium, usually at the level of the prootic. TAO:0002021 ascending ramus of the parasphenoid teleost_anatomy Process that is the lateral projection of the parasphenoid arising and articulating with the more dorsal portions of the neurocranium, usually at the level of the prootic. TAO:wd dermethmoid Dermal bone of the dorsal surface of the olfactory region. Dermethmoid can be paired or median. TAO:0002022 teleost_anatomy Dermal bone of the dorsal surface of the olfactory region. Dermethmoid can be paired or median. TAO:wd second preethmoid Endochondral bone found between the preethmoid and maxilla. TAO:0002023 teleost_anatomy Endochondral bone found between the preethmoid and maxilla. TAO:wd mental barbel Barbel that originates on the chin. TAO:0002024 teleost_anatomy Barbel that originates on the chin. TAO:wd optic foramen Foramen in the orbital region of the neurocranium for the passage of the optic nerve (cranial nerve II). TAO:0002025 optic nerve foramen teleost_anatomy Foramen in the orbital region of the neurocranium for the passage of the optic nerve (cranial nerve II). TAO:wd pectoral fin proximal radial 1 Pectoral fin proximal radial that is the most anterior or dorsal pectoral fin radial. TAO:0002026 first pectoral basal radial teleost_anatomy Pectoral fin proximal radial that is the most anterior or dorsal pectoral fin radial. TAO:GA_TG TAO:wd pectoral fin proximal radial 2 Pectoral fin proximal radial that is the second most anterior or dorsal pectoral fin radial. TAO:0002027 second pectoral basal radial teleost_anatomy Pectoral fin proximal radial that is the second most anterior or dorsal pectoral fin radial. TAO:GA_TG TAO:wd pectoral fin proximal radial 3 Pectoral fin proximal radial that is the third most anterior or dorsal pectoral fin radial. TAO:0002028 teleost_anatomy third pectoral basal radial Pectoral fin proximal radial that is the third most anterior or dorsal pectoral fin radial. TAO:GA_TG TAO:wd pectoral fin proximal radial 4 Pectoral fin proximal radial that is the fourth most anterior or dorsal pectoral fin radial. TAO:0002029 fourth pectoral basal radial teleost_anatomy Pectoral fin proximal radial that is the fourth most anterior or dorsal pectoral fin radial. TAO:GA_TG TAO:wd ventral keel of coracoid Process on the ventral surface of the horizontal limb of the coracoid, close to and parallel to the coracoid-cleithrum joint. Ventral keel of coracoid is paired. TAO:0002030 teleost_anatomy Process on the ventral surface of the horizontal limb of the coracoid, close to and parallel to the coracoid-cleithrum joint. Ventral keel of coracoid is paired. TAO:wd orbital foramen Foramen in the bone or cartilage comprising the anterior wall of the orbit, and through which passes at least the deep ophthalmic branch of cranial nerve V (trigeminal). TAO:0002031 teleost_anatomy Foramen in the bone or cartilage comprising the anterior wall of the orbit, and through which passes at least the deep ophthalmic branch of cranial nerve V (trigeminal). TAO:wd lateral ethmoid-frontal joint Joint that articulates the lateral ethmoid and frontal. lateral ethmoid-frontal joint is paired. TAO:0002032 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the lateral ethmoid and frontal. lateral ethmoid-frontal joint is paired. TAO:wd prootic-pterosphenoid joint Joint that articulates the prootic and pterosphenoid. prootic-pterosphenoid joint is paired. TAO:0002033 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the prootic and pterosphenoid. prootic-pterosphenoid joint is paired. TAO:wd prootic-exoccipital joint Joint that articulates the prootic and exoccipital. Prootic-exoccipital joint is paired. TAO:0002034 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the prootic and exoccipital. Prootic-exoccipital joint is paired. TAO:wd nasal capsule Development information from Brian Hall, Bones and Cartilage: Developmental Skeletal Biology. Multi-tissue structure that is the connective tissue sheath that surrounds, except for external opening(s) in adult, the olfactory epithelium. TAO:0002035 teleost_anatomy Multi-tissue structure that is the connective tissue sheath that surrounds, except for external opening(s) in adult, the olfactory epithelium. TAO:wd intromittent organ Surface structure that is an external structure of a male organism through which sperm is transferred to a female organism during mating. TAO:0002036 teleost_anatomy Surface structure that is an external structure of a male organism through which sperm is transferred to a female organism during mating. TAO:wd electric organ Organ that is used to produce an electric field, i.e. an electric organ discharge (EOD). TAO:0002037 teleost_anatomy Organ that is used to produce an electric field, i.e. an electric organ discharge (EOD). TAO:wd basioccipital-exoccipital joint Joint that articulates the basioccipital and exoccipital. Basioccipital-exoccipital joint is paired. TAO:0002038 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the basioccipital and exoccipital. Basioccipital-exoccipital joint is paired. TAO:wd dilatator fossa Dilatator fossa is present in some characiform fishes. Fossa located on the neurocranium that is formed from portions of the sphenotic, frontal and pterotic bones. TAO:0002039 teleost_anatomy Fossa located on the neurocranium that is formed from portions of the sphenotic, frontal and pterotic bones. TAO:wd inter-coracoid joint Joint between the right and left coracoid bones of the pectoral girdle. TAO:0002040 teleost_anatomy Joint between the right and left coracoid bones of the pectoral girdle. TAO:wd parapophysis 6 Parapophysis that is the lateral projection from the sixth centrum. TAO:0002041 teleost_anatomy Parapophysis that is the lateral projection from the sixth centrum. TAO:wd parapophysis 5 Parapophysis that is the lateral projection from the fifth centrum. TAO:0002042 teleost_anatomy Parapophysis that is the lateral projection from the fifth centrum. TAO:wd posterior limb of parapophysis 4 Process that arises and projects posterolaterally from parapophysis 4. Posterior limb of parapophysis 4 is bilaterally paired. TAO:0002043 posterior branch of parapophysis 4 posterior wing of parapophysis 4 teleost_anatomy Process that arises and projects posterolaterally from parapophysis 4. Posterior limb of parapophysis 4 is bilaterally paired. TAO:wd anterior limb of parapophysis 4 Mullerian ramus Müllerian ramus Process that arises and projects anterolaterally from parapophysis 4. Anterior limb of parapophysis 4 is bilaterally paired. TAO:0002044 anterior branch of parapophysis 4 anterior wing of parapophysis 4 teleost_anatomy Process that arises and projects anterolaterally from parapophysis 4. Anterior limb of parapophysis 4 is bilaterally paired. TAO:wd foramen magnum Foramen in the occipital region of neurocranium to allow passage of spinal cord. TAO:0002045 teleost_anatomy Foramen in the occipital region of neurocranium to allow passage of spinal cord. TAO:wd adult TAO:0002046 Whole organism that is fully grown or sexually mature. adult organism adults teleost_anatomy adults TAO:wd Whole organism that is fully grown or sexually mature. juvenile TAO:0002047 Whole organism that is not fully grown or sexually mature. juvenile organism juveniles teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Whole organism that is not fully grown or sexually mature. juveniles larva TAO:0002048 Whole organism that is premetamorphic or a very immature individual. larval organism teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Whole organism that is premetamorphic or a very immature individual. alarm substance cell Epithelial cell that produces a chemical that triggers antipredator behavior. TAO:0002049 teleost_anatomy Epithelial cell that produces a chemical that triggers antipredator behavior. TAO:wd Schreckstoff TAO:0002050 teleost_anatomy circulus Fine ridge on surface of scale, often parallel to the circumference of scale. TAO:0002051 circuli crétule (French) teleost_anatomy PSPUB:0000149 crétule (French) Fine ridge on surface of scale, often parallel to the circumference of scale. TAO:wd circuli prootic depression Shallow area that exists on the prootic. TAO:0002052 teleost_anatomy Shallow area that exists on the prootic. TAO:wd bony plate Dermal bone that is located on or subjacent to the surface anywhere on the body and that is not part of the general complement of scales, dermal bone of the dermatocranium, postcranial axial skeleton or paired fin skeleton. Bony plate may exist singly, or as unpaired or paired clusters or series. TAO:0002053 armor armor plate osteoderms teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that is located on or subjacent to the surface anywhere on the body and that is not part of the general complement of scales, dermal bone of the dermatocranium, postcranial axial skeleton or paired fin skeleton. Bony plate may exist singly, or as unpaired or paired clusters or series. TAO:wd vertebra 5-vertebra 6 joint Joint between the centra, and sometimes the neural arches or parapophyses. TAO:0002054 teleost_anatomy Joint between the centra, and sometimes the neural arches or parapophyses. TAO:wd vertebra 6 - vertebra 7 joint Joint between the centra, and sometimes the neural arches or parapophyses of vertebra 6 and vertebra 7. TAO:0002055 teleost_anatomy Joint between the centra, and sometimes the neural arches or parapophyses of vertebra 6 and vertebra 7. TAO:wd hypural 6 TAO:0002056 teleost_anatomy gill opening Anatomical space that is the external opening of a gill slit connecting the pharyngeal cavity to the exterior. Gill opening is usually paired and located on the lateral or ventral surfaces of the head. In teleosts, there is typically a single gill opening posterior to the operculum. TAO:0002057 branchial aperture branchial opening gill aperture opercular opening teleost_anatomy Anatomical space that is the external opening of a gill slit connecting the pharyngeal cavity to the exterior. Gill opening is usually paired and located on the lateral or ventral surfaces of the head. TAO:wd Weberian complex centrum Centrum that is the fusion of centra 2-4. TAO:0002058 teleost_anatomy Centrum that is the fusion of centra 2-4. TAO:wd posttemporal-parietal joint TAO:0002059 teleost_anatomy lower lip Lip that covers the lower portion of the mouth. TAO:0002060 teleost_anatomy Lip that covers the lower portion of the mouth. TAO:wd predorsal vertebra TAO:0002061 Vertebra that is positioned between the vertebra immediately anterior to the first dorsal-fin pterygiophore to the anteriormost vertebra. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Vertebra that is positioned between the vertebra immediately anterior to the first dorsal-fin pterygiophore to the anteriormost vertebra. branched caudal fin ray Caudal fin lepidotrichium that is distally branched. TAO:0002062 teleost_anatomy Caudal fin lepidotrichium that is distally branched. TAO:wd nuchal plate series Anatomical cluster that consists of more than one type of nuchal plate in an individual. TAO:0002063 teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster that consists of more than one type of nuchal plate in an individual. TAO:wd uroneural 1 TAO:0002064 Uroneural that is the anteriormost element of the uroneural series. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Uroneural that is the anteriormost element of the uroneural series. ural centrum 1 A vertebral centrum that is immediately posterior to preural vertebra 1. Ural centrum 1 is an unpaired median bone. TAO:0002065 Ural centrum 1 (polyural terminology) may articulate or fuse with its neural arch dorsally or the neural arch may be absent and with hypural 1 ventrally. Ural centrum 1 may be defined also as the first ural centrum bearing hypurals 1 and 2 (diural terminology). teleost_anatomy A vertebral centrum that is immediately posterior to preural vertebra 1. Ural centrum 1 is an unpaired median bone. TAO:GA_TG TAO:wd auditory fenestra Opening in the neurocranium to allow communication between the swimbladder and the inner ear. TAO:0002066 teleost_anatomy Opening in the neurocranium to allow communication between the swimbladder and the inner ear. TAO:wd upper hypural set Anatomical cluster including hypural 3 and more dorsal hypurals that supports the dorsal series of principal caudal lepidotrichia or rays. The upper hypural set articulates or fuses to ural centra 3, 4 or 5 (polyural terminology) or ural centrum 2 (diural terminology) depending on the teleost subgroup. The upper hypural set is composed of unpaired median bones. TAO:0002067 The number of hypurals included in the upper hypural set differs among teleostean subgroups. In basal teleosts this may include hypurals 3 to 9 or 10, whereas in more advanced groups this many include hypurals 3 to 5 or even less. teleost_anatomy upper hypurals Anatomical cluster including hypural 3 and more dorsal hypurals that supports the dorsal series of principal caudal lepidotrichia or rays. The upper hypural set articulates or fuses to ural centra 3, 4 or 5 (polyural terminology) or ural centrum 2 (diural terminology) depending on the teleost subgroup. The upper hypural set is composed of unpaired median bones. TAO:GA_TG TAO:wd lower hypural set Anatomical cluster including hypurals 1 and 2 that supports part of the ventral principal caudal lepidotrichia or rays and that separates from the dorsal hypural set through the hypural diastema. The lower hypural set articulates or fuses to ural centra 1 and 2 (polyural terminology) or ural centrum 1 (diural terminology) depending on the teleost subgroup. The lower hypural set is composed of unpaired median bones. TAO:0002068 lower hypurals teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster including hypurals 1 and 2 that supports part of the ventral principal caudal lepidotrichia or rays and that separates from the dorsal hypural set through the hypural diastema. The lower hypural set articulates or fuses to ural centra 1 and 2 (polyural terminology) or ural centrum 1 (diural terminology) depending on the teleost subgroup. The lower hypural set is composed of unpaired median bones. TAO:GA_TG TAO:wd distal cartilage of posterior process of basipterygium Process that is cartilaginous and arises from the distal margin or tip of posterior process of basipterygium and projects posteriorly. TAO:0002069 teleost_anatomy Process that is cartilaginous and arises from the distal margin or tip of posterior process of basipterygium and projects posteriorly. TAO:wd internal anterior process of basipterygium Process that is bony and arises from anteromedial corner of basipterygium and projects anteriorly or anteromedially. TAO:0002070 internal anterior arm of basipterygium internal arm of the basipterygium mesial anterior arm of basipterygium mesial anterior process of basipterygium teleost_anatomy Process that is bony and arises from anteromedial corner of basipterygium and projects anteriorly or anteromedially. TAO:wd distal cartilage of internal anterior process of basipterygium Process that is cartilaginous and arises from the distal tip of internal anterior process of basipterygium. TAO:0002071 teleost_anatomy Process that is cartilaginous and arises from the distal tip of internal anterior process of basipterygium. TAO:wd middle anterior process of basipterygium Process that is bony and arises from anterior margin of basipterygium between internal anterior process of basipterygium and external anterior process of basipterygium. Middle anterior process of basipterygium projects anteriorly or anteromedially. TAO:0002072 middle anterior arm of basipterygium teleost_anatomy Process that is bony and arises from anterior margin of basipterygium between internal anterior process of basipterygium and external anterior process of basipterygium. Middle anterior process of basipterygium projects anteriorly or anteromedially. TAO:wd distal cartilage of middle anterior process of basipterygium Process that is cartilaginous and arises from the distal tip of middle anterior process of basipterygium. TAO:0002073 teleost_anatomy Process that is cartilaginous and arises from the distal tip of middle anterior process of basipterygium. TAO:wd external anterior process of basipterygium Process that is bony and arises from anterolateral corner of basipterygium and projects anteriorly or anteromedially. TAO:0002074 external anterior arm of basipterygium external arm of basipterygium lateral anterior process of basipterygium teleost_anatomy Process that is bony and arises from anterolateral corner of basipterygium and projects anteriorly or anteromedially. TAO:wd distal cartilage of external anterior process of basipterygium Process that is cartilaginous and arises from the distal tip of external anterior process of basipterygium. TAO:0002075 teleost_anatomy Process that is cartilaginous and arises from the distal tip of external anterior process of basipterygium. TAO:wd lateral process of basipterygium Process that is bony and arises from lateral margin of basipterygium lateral to pelvic fin lepidotrichium 1 and projects laterally or anterolaterally. TAO:0002076 posterolateral process of basipterygium teleost_anatomy Process that is bony and arises from lateral margin of basipterygium lateral to pelvic fin lepidotrichium 1 and projects laterally or anterolaterally. TAO:wd lateropterygium Bone that is attached or adjacent to lateral margin of basipterygium and anterior to pelvic fin lepidotrichium 1. The lateropterygium is a paired bone. TAO:0002077 The lateropterygium is present only in a few teleostean subgroups, e.g., some siluriforms. teleost_anatomy Bone that is attached or adjacent to lateral margin of basipterygium and anterior to pelvic fin lepidotrichium 1. The lateropterygium is a paired bone. TAO:wd hypural plate Perichondrally ossified bone that results from the fusion of two or more hypurals and support a variable number of principal caudal lepidotrichia. The hypural plate is an unpaired median bone. TAO:0002078 teleost_anatomy Perichondrally ossified bone that results from the fusion of two or more hypurals and support a variable number of principal caudal lepidotrichia. The hypural plate is an unpaired median bone. TAO:GA_TG leptocephalous larva Larval stage in some teleosts before metomorphosis. TAO:0002079 teleost_anatomy Larval stage in some teleosts before metomorphosis. TAO:wd spina occipitalis Process that is a ventral projection from the supraoccipital that extends between the exoccipitals to the dorsal margin of the foramen magnum. TAO:0002080 teleost_anatomy Process that is a ventral projection from the supraoccipital that extends between the exoccipitals to the dorsal margin of the foramen magnum. TAO:wd basal fulcrum Basal fulcra may precede the median fins or both of the paired and median fins. Basal fulcra may be lanceolate, leaf-like or arrow-like in shape. The series of basal fulcra may be formed by unpaired plus paired elements depending on the fish group. Most teleosts lack basal fulcra. For additional information on basal fulcra see Arratia (2008, 2009). Fulcrum that is large, laterally expanded, paired or unpaired, scale-like, and that precedes the base of a fin. Arratia, G. 2009. Identifying patterns of diversity of the actinopterygian fulcra. Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 90 (Suppl. 1): 220-235 TAO:0002082 basal fulcra teleost_anatomy Fulcrum that is large, laterally expanded, paired or unpaired, scale-like, and that precedes the base of a fin. Arratia, G. 2009. Identifying patterns of diversity of the actinopterygian fulcra. Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 90 (Suppl. 1): 220-235 PSPUB:0000171 TAO:GA_TG basal fulcra fringing fulcrum Fulcrum that is a small, paired dermal structure associated with the marginal, leading rays of paired and/or unpaired fins. Arratia, G. 2009. Identifying patterns of diversity of the actinopterygian fulcra. Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 90 (Suppl. 1): 220-235. TAO:0002083 fringing fulcra teleost_anatomy fringing fulcra Fulcrum that is a small, paired dermal structure associated with the marginal, leading rays of paired and/or unpaired fins. Arratia, G. 2009. Identifying patterns of diversity of the actinopterygian fulcra. Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 90 (Suppl. 1): 220-235. PSPUB:0000171 TAO:wd pleurostyle Postero-dorsal process of preural vertebra 1 or postero-dorsal process of the compound terminal centrum. The pleurostyle is a paired membrane bone. TAO:0002084 The pleurostyle is currently interpreted as a modified pair of uroneurals that fuse to preural vertebra 1 or compound centrum early in ontogeny. However, it is unclear which pair of the series of uroneurals forms the pleurostyle in different teleost subgroups. teleost_anatomy uroneural uroneural 1 Postero-dorsal process of preural vertebra 1 or postero-dorsal process of the compound terminal centrum. The pleurostyle is a paired membrane bone. TAO:GA_TG ural centrum A ural centrum may be formed by a chordacentrum alone, or chordacentrum plus autocentrum or autocentrum alone depending on the teleost subgroup. An ural centrum may articulate or fuse with its neural arch dorsally or the neural arch my be absent and with a hypural ventrally. The term ural centrum was proposed by Nybelin (1963). For the composition and formation of caudal vertebrae and centra see Arratia (1991), Arratia and Schultze (1992) and Arratia et al. (2001). A vertebral centrum that is posterior to preural vertebra 1 and consequently the most posterior vertebral centra. Ural centrum is a unpaired median bone. TAO:0002085 teleost_anatomy A vertebral centrum that is posterior to preural vertebra 1 and consequently the most posterior vertebral centra. Ural centrum is a unpaired median bone. TAO:GA_TG pelvic axillary process Anatomical cluster consisting of only a bony element or a combination of a bony element and one or more scales, or only modified scales, which lies in a fin fold at the base of the uppermost ray. TAO:0002086 teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster consisting of only a bony element or a combination of a bony element and one or more scales, or only modified scales, which lies in a fin fold at the base of the uppermost ray. TAO:GA_TG pectoral axillary process For additional information see Arratia (1997). Pectoral axillary process is an elongate structure formed by one or more additional postcleithra or modified scales or a combination of both, that is firmly attached to a skin fold above the articular condyle of the uppermost pectoral fin ray or lepidotrichium 1. TAO:0002087 teleost_anatomy Pectoral axillary process is an elongate structure formed by one or more additional postcleithra or modified scales or a combination of both, that is firmly attached to a skin fold above the articular condyle of the uppermost pectoral fin ray or lepidotrichium 1. TAO:GA_TG TAO:wd interhaemal bone A small bone articulating distally with the haemal arch or a short haemal spine. Definition from Arratia 1999. TAO:0002088 teleost_anatomy A small bone articulating distally with the haemal arch or a short haemal spine. TAO:wd gular plate A gular plate is absent in most extant teleosts. Dermal bone located on the ventral surface of the skull and positioned between the two rami of the lower jaw. Anteriorly the gular attaches to the symphysis of the lower jaw through fibrous connective tissue. The gular is an unpaired median bone. TAO:0002089 median gular teleost_anatomy Dermal bone located on the ventral surface of the skull and positioned between the two rami of the lower jaw. Anteriorly the gular attaches to the symphysis of the lower jaw through fibrous connective tissue. The gular is an unpaired median bone. TAO:ga_tg TAO:wd pro-otic fossa TAO:0002090 prootic fossa teleost_anatomy median caudal cartilage Cartilage associated with hypurals. Definition from Johnson and Patterson 1993. TAO:0002091 teleost_anatomy Cartilage associated with hypurals. TAO:wd rostral cartilage Median chondrified cartilage bound to premaxillary ascending process by a rostro-premaxilla ligament. TAO:0002092 teleost_anatomy Median chondrified cartilage bound to premaxillary ascending process by a rostro-premaxilla ligament. TAO:wd palate Anatomical cluster that is the upper roof of the mouth that is underlain by bones such as the parasphenoid, vomer, metapterygoid, orbitosphenoid. TAO:0002093 teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster that is the upper roof of the mouth that is underlain by bones such as the parasphenoid, vomer, metapterygoid, orbitosphenoid. TAO:wd dorsal fin pterygiophore 1 Dorsal fin pterygiophore that is the anteriormost pterygiophore of the dorsal fin. TAO:0002094 teleost_anatomy Dorsal fin pterygiophore that is the anteriormost pterygiophore of the dorsal fin. TAO:wd third posttemporal fossa Present in some characiforms. TAO:0002095 teleost_anatomy bony plate series Anatomical cluster that consists of more than one bony plate in an individual. TAO:0002096 armor plate series teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster that consists of more than one bony plate in an individual. TAO:wd sensory canal pore series Anatomical cluster that consists of more than one sensory canal pore. TAO:0002097 teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster that consists of more than one sensory canal pore. TAO:wd hemal spine series TAO:0002098 teleost_anatomy lateral line scale series Anatomical cluster that consists of more than one lateral line scale. TAO:0002099 teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster that consists of more than one lateral line scale. TAO:wd rib series Anatomical cluster that consists of more than one rib in an individual. TAO:0002100 teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster that consists of more than one rib in an individual. TAO:wd branchiostegal ray series Anatomical cluster that consists of the branchiostegal rays within an individual. TAO:0002101 branchiostegals teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster that consists of the branchiostegal rays within an individual. TAO:wd epibranchial series Anatomical cluster that consists of the epibranchial elements within an individual. TAO:0002102 epibranchials teleost_anatomy epibranchials Anatomical cluster that consists of the epibranchial elements within an individual. TAO:wd ceratobranchial series Anatomical cluster that consists of the ceratobranchial elements within an individual. TAO:0002103 teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster that consists of the ceratobranchial elements within an individual. TAO:wd ampullary organ Organ that consists of receptor cells located within an epidermal invagination and functions as an electroreceptor. TAO:0002104 ampullary electroreceptor organ teleost_anatomy Organ that consists of receptor cells located within an epidermal invagination and functions as an electroreceptor. TAO:wd electrosensory lateral line lobe Anatomical structure located in the hindbrain that receives primary electroreceptor input. Definition reference: McNamara, AM., JP Denizot, CD Hopkins. 2005. Comparative Anatomy of the Electrosensory Lateral Line Lobe of Mormyrids: The Mystery of the Missing Map in the Genus Stomatorhinus (Family: Mormyridae). Brain, Behavior and Evolution 65:188-201. ELL TAO:0002105 teleost_anatomy Anatomical structure located in the hindbrain that receives primary electroreceptor input. TAO:wd eminentia granularis Anatomical structure that is a subdivision of the cerebellum; it is the location of some lateral line nerve synapses. Definition based on Albert,2001 [Albert JS. 2001. Species Diversity and Phylogenetic systematics of American Knifefishes (Gymnotiformes, Teleostei). Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan no. 190:140 pages.] EG TAO:0002106 teleost_anatomy Anatomical structure that is a subdivision of the cerebellum; it is the location of some lateral line nerve synapses. TAO:wd medullary command nucleus Anatomical structure that consists of two neuron types: pacemaker cells and relay cells. The medullary command nucleus commands the timing of the electric organ discharge. Definition reference: Moortgat, KT, Bullock, TH, and Sejnowski TJ. 2000. J Neurophysiol 83: 971-983. Precision of the Pacemaker Nucleus in a Weakly Electric Fish: Network Versus Cellular Influences. MCN TAO:0002107 medullary pacemaker nucleus pacemaker nucleus teleost_anatomy Anatomical structure that consists of two neuron types: pacemaker cells and relay cells. The medullary command nucleus commands the timing of the electric organ discharge. TAO:wd buccal papilla Papilla that is part of the mouth. TAO:0002108 teleost_anatomy Papilla that is part of the mouth. TAO:wd uroneural 2 TAO:0002109 teleost_anatomy metapterygoid-quadrate fenestra TAO:0002110 teleost_anatomy prootic bulla TAO:0002111 teleost_anatomy preural 3 vertebra TAO:0002112 preural centrum 3 pu3 teleost_anatomy cheek Surface structure that includes the scales, skin, and muscles that are located ventral and posterior to the eye. TAO:0002113 teleost_anatomy Surface structure that includes the scales, skin, and muscles that are located ventral and posterior to the eye. TAO:wd cotylephore Definition reference: James Wetzel, John P. Wourms and John Friel 1997. Comparative morphology of cotylephores in Platystacus and Solenostomus: modifications of the integument for egg attachment in skin-brooding fishes. Environmental Biology of Fishes. Volume 50, Number 1 / September, 1997. Pages 13 - 25. Multi-tissue structure that is a transient outgrowth of tissue on skin brooding fish that acts as an attachment site for embryos. TAO:0002114 cotylephores teleost_anatomy Multi-tissue structure that is a transient outgrowth of tissue on skin brooding fish that acts as an attachment site for embryos. TAO:wd cotylephores uroneural 3 TAO:0002115 teleost_anatomy epibranchial organ TAO:0002116 teleost_anatomy ovipositor Organ that functions in egg deposition. TAO:0002117 teleost_anatomy Organ that functions in egg deposition. TAO:wd radius TAO:0002118 radii teleost_anatomy radii focus TAO:0002119 teleost_anatomy orbitosphenoid septum TAO:0002120 teleost_anatomy stomach TAO:0002121 teleost_anatomy pouch scale Definition reference: Weitzman SH, Menezes NA. 1998. Relationships of the tribes and genera of the Glandulocaudiinae (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Characidae), with a description of a new genus. In: Malabarba LR, Reis RE, Vari RP, Lucena ZMS, Lucena CAS, editors. Phylogeny and Classification of Neotropical Fishes. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS. p 171-192. Scale that forms part of the posterior border of the caudal-fin organ. Pouch scales are usually hypertrophied. TAO:0002122 teleost_anatomy Scale that forms part of the posterior border of the caudal-fin organ. Pouch scales are usually hypertrophied. TAO:wd neural arch 5 TAO:0002123 teleost_anatomy nuptial tubercle Nuptial tubercles may be keratinized or nonkeratinized. Also may function in territorial defense or stimulation of females in breeding. Definition reference: Wiley, M. L. and B. B. Collette. 1970. Breeding tubercles and contact organs in fishes: Their occurrence, structure, and significance. Bull Am Mus Nat Hist 143: 143-216. Surface structure that is a small protuberance on the surface of the body. Nuptial tubercles primarily function to facilitate contact between individuals for breeding. TAO:0002124 breeding tubercle contact organ teleost_anatomy Surface structure that is a small protuberance on the surface of the body. Nuptial tubercles primarily function to facilitate contact between individuals for breeding. TAO:wd caudal-fin organ Definition reference: Weitzman SH, Menezes NA. 1998. Relationships of the tribes and genera of the Glandulocaudiinae (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Characidae), with a description of a new genus. In: Malabarba LR, Reis RE, Vari RP, Lucena ZMS, Lucena CAS, editors. Phylogeny and Classification of Neotropical Fishes. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS. p 171-192. Organ that consists of a pouch located on the ventral caudal-fin lobe, opening posteriorly, and composed of glandular tissue. The caudal-fin organ presumably functions to secrete pheromones during courtship. TAO:0002125 caudal fin organ caudal organ caudal sac glandular organ teleost_anatomy Organ that consists of a pouch located on the ventral caudal-fin lobe, opening posteriorly, and composed of glandular tissue. The caudal-fin organ presumably functions to secrete pheromones during courtship. TAO:wd caudal-fin ray pump Anatomical cluster that consists of thickened caudal-fin rays modified into a pumping mechanism associated with the caudal-fin organ. Caudal fin rays can vary in thickness and form of the pump can vary from a simple open groove to complex chambered structure. Definition reference: Weitzman SH, Menezes NA. 1998. Relationships of the tribes and genera of the Glandulocaudiinae (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Characidae), with a description of a new genus. In: Malabarba LR, Reis RE, Vari RP, Lucena ZMS, Lucena CAS, editors. Phylogeny and Classification of Neotropical Fishes. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS. p 171-192. TAO:0002126 teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster that consists of thickened caudal-fin rays modified into a pumping mechanism associated with the caudal-fin organ. TAO:wd myorhabdoid bone Definition reference: Patterson, C., Johnson, G.D. 1995. The intermuscular bones and ligaments of teleostean fishes. Smithosonian Contributions to Zoology 559:1-85. Intermuscular bone that is located in the dorsal and ventral forward flexures of the myoseptum. TAO:0002127 myorhabdoi teleost_anatomy Intermuscular bone that is located in the dorsal and ventral forward flexures of the myoseptum. TAO:wd myorhabdoi cavum sinus imparis TAO:0002128 cavum sinus impar teleost_anatomy caudal rod Definition reference: Albert, JS and WL Fink. 2007. PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS OF FOSSIL NEOTROPICAL ELECTRIC FISHES (OSTEICHTHYES: GYMNOTIFORMES) FROM THE UPPER MIOCENE OF BOLIVIA . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27(1):17-25 Multi-tissue structure that is a cartilaginous or collagenous bar supporting the caudal appendage. TAO:0002129 hypural-opisthural rod teleost_anatomy Multi-tissue structure that is a cartilaginous or collagenous bar supporting the caudal appendage. TAO:wd caudal appendage Comments: This is a gymnotiform structure. The caudal appendage can include vertebrae, a cartilginous rod, pterygiophores, anal-fin rays, and intermuscular bones. Definition reference: Albert, JS and WL Fink. 2007. PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS OF FOSSIL NEOTROPICAL ELECTRIC FISHES (OSTEICHTHYES: GYMNOTIFORMES) FROM THE UPPER MIOCENE OF BOLIVIA. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27(1):17-25. Multi-tissue structure that is region of the body posterior to the last anal-fin ray. TAO:0002130 caudal filament teleost_anatomy Multi-tissue structure that is region of the body posterior to the last anal-fin ray. TAO:wd horizontal septum Anatomical structure that consists of a sheet of connective tissue attached to the vertebral column and dividing the epaxial and hypaxial musculature. TAO:0002131 teleost_anatomy Anatomical structure that consists of a sheet of connective tissue attached to the vertebral column and dividing the epaxial and hypaxial musculature. TAO:wd hypural 7 TAO:0002132 teleost_anatomy dorsal organ Dorsal organ is a structure found in apteronotid gymnotiform fishes. Definition reference: Albert, JS and WL Fink. 2007. Phylogenetic relationships of fossil neotropical electric fish (Osteichthyes: Gymnotiformes) from the Upper Miocene of Bolivia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27:17-25. Surface structure that is a midsaggital strap of flattened ectodermal tissue extending along the posterodorsal midline. TAO:0002133 teleost_anatomy Surface structure that is a midsaggital strap of flattened ectodermal tissue extending along the posterodorsal midline. TAO:wd adipose tissue Connective tissue in which fat is stored. TAO:0002134 teleost_anatomy Connective tissue in which fat is stored. ZFIN:curator abductor muscle A muscle that moves a body part away from the sagittal plane of the body. TAO:0002135 teleost_anatomy A muscle that moves a body part away from the sagittal plane of the body. ZFA:curator adductor muscle A muscle that brings a body part closer to the sagittal plane of the body. TAO:0002136 teleost_anatomy A muscle that brings a body part closer to the sagittal plane of the body. ZFA:curator blood vessel TAO:0002137 teleost_anatomy arteriole Multi-tissue structure part of the blood vasculature, feeds into capillaries. Arterioles carry blood away from the heart. TAO:0002138 teleost_anatomy Multi-tissue structure part of the blood vasculature, feeds into capillaries. Arterioles carry blood away from the heart. ZFIN:curator afferent arteriole TAO:0002139 teleost_anatomy efferent arteriole TAO:0002140 teleost_anatomy annular ligament Ligament that is in the eye and is located at the angle between the cornea and the iris. TAO:0002141 teleost_anatomy Ligament that is in the eye and is located at the angle between the cornea and the iris. ZFA:curator white matter Multi-tissue structure comprised largely of myelinated axons. TAO:0002142 teleost_anatomy Multi-tissue structure comprised largely of myelinated axons. ZFIN:curator CNS white matter TAO:0002143 teleost_anatomy anterior catecholaminergic tract CNS white matter, an axonal tract between ventral diencephalon and ventral telencephalon. At 3 d, the anterior catecholaminergic tract includes noradrenergic projections from the hindbrain and dopaminergic projections from ventral dopaminergic neurons. During later development, other catecholaminergic projections may also contribute to the anterior catecholaminergic tract. TAO:0002144 teleost_anatomy CNS white matter, an axonal tract between ventral diencephalon and ventral telencephalon. At 3 d, the anterior catecholaminergic tract includes noradrenergic projections from the hindbrain and dopaminergic projections from ventral dopaminergic neurons. During later development, other catecholaminergic projections may also contribute to the anterior catecholaminergic tract. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-091221-28 anterior swim bladder bud Portion of tissue that forms from the swim bladder epithelium at the anterior end of the swim bladder. TAO:0002145 teleost_anatomy Portion of tissue that forms from the swim bladder epithelium at the anterior end of the swim bladder. ZFIN:090511-18 apical ectodermal ridge Proliferative region that is part of the developing fin fold or fin. TAO:0002146 teleost_anatomy Proliferative region that is part of the developing fin fold or fin. ZFIN:curator arrector muscle TAO:0002147 teleost_anatomy xanthoblast A non-terminally differentiated cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into a xanthophore CL:0005002 TAO:0002148 teleost_anatomy A non-terminally differentiated cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into a xanthophore CL:curator vertebra 9 TAO:0002149 Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to vertebra 8. teleost_anatomy TAO:curator Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to vertebra 8. vertebra 10 TAO:0002150 Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to vertebra 9. teleost_anatomy TAO:curator Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to vertebra 9. vertebra 11 TAO:0002151 Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to vertebra 10. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to vertebra 10. vertebra 12 TAO:0002152 Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to vertebra 11. May have hemal arch and rib. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to vertebra 11. May have hemal arch and rib. nephron Functional unit of the kidney that filters waste. TAO:0002153 teleost_anatomy Functional unit of the kidney that filters waste. ZFIN:curator opercular cavity Anatomical space which is located beneath the operculum and external to the gills. TAO:0002154 teleost_anatomy Anatomical space which is located beneath the operculum and external to the gills. ZFIN:curator Bowman's layer Acellular anatomical structure that is the zone of collagen fibers adjacent the basement membrane of the corneal epithelium. TAO:0002155 teleost_anatomy Acellular anatomical structure that is the zone of collagen fibers adjacent the basement membrane of the corneal epithelium. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-061010-3 brainstem Multi-tissue structure that has as its parts the medulla oblongata of the hindbrain and the tegmentum of the midbrain. TAO:0002156 teleost_anatomy ISBN:3764351209 Multi-tissue structure that has as its parts the medulla oblongata of the hindbrain and the tegmentum of the midbrain. Descemet's membrane Portion of tissue that is the innermost layer of the cornea and consists of a monolayer of ploygonal cells. TAO:0002157 teleost_anatomy Portion of tissue that is the innermost layer of the cornea and consists of a monolayer of ploygonal cells. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-061010-3 palatine Compound endochdondral and dermal bone that results from the fusion of the dermal dermopalatine and the endochondral autopalatine and forms the antero-lateral region of the palate. Commonly, it articulates with the maxilla antero-laterally and with the ethmoidal region medially. The palatine is paired. Depending on the teleostean group, the palatine may articulate with the entopterygoid posteriorly. The term palatine is usually used for the more advanced teleosts with a large autopalatine and a small dermopalatine represented by a few teeth. TAO:0002158 teleost_anatomy Compound endochdondral and dermal bone that results from the fusion of the dermal dermopalatine and the endochondral autopalatine and forms the antero-lateral region of the palate. Commonly, it articulates with the maxilla antero-laterally and with the ethmoidal region medially. The palatine is paired. TAO:GA_TG caudal basal fulcrum Basal fulcrum that precedes a caudal fin lobe. Arratia, G. 2009. Identifying patterns of diversity of the actinopterygian fulcra. Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 90 (Suppl. 1): 220-235. Caudal basal fulcra precede the bases of both lobes of the caudal fin or only the dorsal one in basal teleosts. Most teleosts lack basal fulcra on the caudal fin. For additional information on basal fulcra see Arratia (2008, 2009). TAO:0002159 caudal basal fulcra teleost_anatomy caudal basal fulcra Basal fulcrum that precedes a caudal fin lobe. Arratia, G. 2009. Identifying patterns of diversity of the actinopterygian fulcra. Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 90 (Suppl. 1): 220-235. PSPUB:0000171 TAO:GA_TG ural centrum 3 A vertebral centrum that is located immediately posterior to ural centrum 2 (polyural terminology). Ural centrum 3 articulates with hypural 3 ventrally. Ural centrum 3 is an unpaired median bone. TAO:0002160 Ural centrum 3 lacks a neural arch in teleosts. teleost_anatomy A vertebral centrum that is located immediately posterior to ural centrum 2 (polyural terminology). Ural centrum 3 articulates with hypural 3 ventrally. Ural centrum 3 is an unpaired median bone. TAO:GA_TG ural centrum 4 A vertebral centrum that is located immediately posterior to ural centrum 3 (polyural terminology) and may fuse to ural centrum 3 early in ontogeny. Ural centrum 4 articulates with hypural 4 ventrally. Ural centrum 4 is an unpaired median bone. TAO:0002161 Ural centrum 4 lacks a neural arch in teleosts. teleost_anatomy A vertebral centrum that is located immediately posterior to ural centrum 3 (polyural terminology) and may fuse to ural centrum 3 early in ontogeny. Ural centrum 4 articulates with hypural 4 ventrally. Ural centrum 4 is an unpaired median bone. TAO:GA_TG ural vertebra TAO:0002162 Vertebra that is incomplete or rudimentary and may bear a rudimentary neural arch and sometimes a rudimentary spine or the neural arch and spine are completely absent. Ural vertebrae are one of the last bony elements of the vertebral column, usually smaller than the preural centra. Ural vertebrae are numbered beginning from anterior (1) to posterior (2, 3, 4, etc.). Ural vertebra is an unpaired median bone. teleost_anatomy TAO:GA_TG Vertebra that is incomplete or rudimentary and may bear a rudimentary neural arch and sometimes a rudimentary spine or the neural arch and spine are completely absent. Ural vertebrae are one of the last bony elements of the vertebral column, usually smaller than the preural centra. Ural vertebrae are numbered beginning from anterior (1) to posterior (2, 3, 4, etc.). Ural vertebra is an unpaired median bone. ural vertebra 1 TAO:0002163 Ural vertebra that is located directly posterior to preural centrum 1. It may bear a rudimentary neural arch and sometimes a rudimentary spine or the neural arch and spine are completely absent and it may articulate or fuse with hypural 1 (polyural terminology). Ural vertebra 1 is an unpaired median bone. Ural vertebrae 1 may be defined also as the first ural vertebrae bearing hypurals 1 and 2 (diural terminology). teleost_anatomy TAO:GA_TG Ural vertebra that is located directly posterior to preural centrum 1. It may bear a rudimentary neural arch and sometimes a rudimentary spine or the neural arch and spine are completely absent and it may articulate or fuse with hypural 1 (polyural terminology). Ural vertebra 1 is an unpaired median bone. caudal principal ray set Anatomical cluster including all segmented-and-branched rays plus one unbranched but segmented ray located at the leading margin in each lobe of the caudal fin (Hubbs and Lagler, 1947) and that associates with endoskeletal elements such as hypurals and hemal spines of preural centra 1 and 2 (Arratia, 2008). Caudal principal rays are counted from the dorsalmost one ventrally. Caudal principal rays are unpaired median bones. In basal teleosts the number of caudal principal rays is about 20. A decreasing of the number of the branched-and segmented rays is observed in more advanced teleosts (see Schultze and Arratia, 1989; Arratia, 1991, 2008). The presence of marginal principal caudal rays as long or longer than the branched-and-segmented principal rays is a synapomorphy of teleosts (Arratia, 2008, 2009). TAO:0002164 branched caudal rays caudal principal lepidotrichia teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster including all segmented-and-branched rays plus one unbranched but segmented ray located at the leading margin in each lobe of the caudal fin (Hubbs and Lagler, 1947) and that associates with endoskeletal elements such as hypurals and hemal spines of preural centra 1 and 2 (Arratia, 2008). Caudal principal rays are counted from the dorsalmost one ventrally. Caudal principal rays are unpaired median bones. TAO:GA_TG caudal principal lepidotrichia caudal procurrent ray set An anatomical cluster of short rays, shorter than the principal ones, which form the anterior dorsal and ventral series of lepidotrichia of the caudal fin that may be associated with neural spines, epurals and uroneurals (dorsal series) and haemal spines of preural vertebrae (ventral series) (Arratia, 2008). The anteriormost procurrent rays are commonly unsegmented, but the posteriormost ones are usually segmented. The procurrent rays are numbered from caudal to rostral direction. The caudal procurrent ray series is an unpaired median series. TAO:0002165 caudal precurrent rays caudal spiny rays rudimentary rays teleost_anatomy An anatomical cluster of short rays, shorter than the principal ones, which form the anterior dorsal and ventral series of lepidotrichia of the caudal fin that may be associated with neural spines, epurals and uroneurals (dorsal series) and haemal spines of preural vertebrae (ventral series) (Arratia, 2008). The anteriormost procurrent rays are commonly unsegmented, but the posteriormost ones are usually segmented. The procurrent rays are numbered from caudal to rostral direction. The caudal procurrent ray series is an unpaired median series. TAO:Arratia_2008 TAO:GA_TG pseudourostyle An elongate lateral process ventrally placed to the proximal region of the pleurostyle. The pseudourostyle is paired. TAO:0002166 The pseudourostyle occurs only in certain teleost subgroups. It may be well developed in certain characiforms. teleost_anatomy An elongate lateral process ventrally placed to the proximal region of the pleurostyle. The pseudourostyle is paired. TAO:GA_TG stegural It is unclear if the structure named stegural is homologous among teleost subgroups. Modified neural arch, probably of ural centrum 4, formed by a bony base that may extend along the dorso-lateral surfaces of ural centra and preural centra 1 or 2 and by a well-developed antero-dorsal membranous projection that extends lateral to the base of epural(s) and anterior toward the neural arches and/or spines of preural centra 1 or 2 (Arratia and Schultze, 1992). The stegural is a paired bone. TAO:0002081 TAO:0002167 teleost_anatomy uroneural Modified neural arch, probably of ural centrum 4, formed by a bony base that may extend along the dorso-lateral surfaces of ural centra and preural centra 1 or 2 and by a well-developed antero-dorsal membranous projection that extends lateral to the base of epural(s) and anterior toward the neural arches and/or spines of preural centra 1 or 2 (Arratia and Schultze, 1992). The stegural is a paired bone. TAO:GA_TG preural centrum 1 + ural centrum 1 + ural centrum 2 TAO:0002168 Urostyle that is the result of fusion of preural centrum 1 with ural centra 1 and 2. teleost_anatomy TAO:wd Urostyle that is the result of fusion of preural centrum 1 with ural centra 1 and 2. atrial endocardium TAO:0002169 teleost_anatomy atrioventricular canal endocardium TAO:0002170 teleost_anatomy vascular endothelium TAO:0002171 teleost_anatomy branchial mesenchyme TAO:0002172 teleost_anatomy cardiac neural crest TAO:0002173 teleost_anatomy octaval nerve motor nucleus TAO:0002174 teleost_anatomy rostral octaval nerve motor nucleus ROLE TAO:0002175 rostral cranial nerve VIII motor nucleus teleost_anatomy caudal octaval nerve motor nucleus TAO:0002176 teleost_anatomy hindbrain nucleus TAO:0002177 teleost_anatomy telencephalic nucleus TAO:0002178 teleost_anatomy peripheral nucleus of ventral telencephalon TAO:0002179 Telencephalic nucleus which has migrated away from the ependyma and consists of the central, lateral nuclei and the dorsal and ventral entopeduncular nuclei. From Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain. teleost_anatomy ISBN:3764351209 Telencephalic nucleus which has migrated away from the ependyma and consists of the central, lateral nuclei and the dorsal and ventral entopeduncular nuclei. From Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain. ZFIN:curator central nucleus of ventral telencephalon Peripheral nucleus of the ventral telencephalon which is located immediately lateral to the dorsal nucleus of the ventral telencephalon. From Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain. TAO:0002180 area ventralis telencephali, nucleus centralis teleost_anatomy ISBN:3764351209 Peripheral nucleus of the ventral telencephalon which is located immediately lateral to the dorsal nucleus of the ventral telencephalon. From Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain. ZFIN:curator cephalic flexure TAO:0002181 Ventral bend in the brain occurring caudal to the adenohypophyseal placode. teleost_anatomy ventral flexure Ventral bend in the brain occurring caudal to the adenohypophyseal placode. ZFIN:curator cerebellar granule cell CL:0000989 Granule cell that is part of the cerebellum. TAO:0002182 teleost_anatomy CL:curator Granule cell that is part of the cerebellum. cerebellar white matter CNS white matter that is part of the cerebellum. TAO:0002183 teleost_anatomy CNS white matter that is part of the cerebellum. ZFIN:curator cerebral spinal fluid CSF Portion of organism substance that is a clear fluid that occupies the subarachnoid space and the ventricular system around and inside the brain. TAO:0002184 teleost_anatomy Portion of organism substance that is a clear fluid that occupies the subarachnoid space and the ventricular system around and inside the brain. ZFIN:curator climbing fiber Portion of tissue that consists of afferent axons from the inferior olive and synapsing with Purkinje cells within the molecular layer of the valvula cerebelli and corpus cerebelli. TAO:0002185 teleost_anatomy ISBN:3764351209 Portion of tissue that consists of afferent axons from the inferior olive and synapsing with Purkinje cells within the molecular layer of the valvula cerebelli and corpus cerebelli. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-090422-9 corneal endothelium TAO:0002186 teleost_anatomy corneal epithelium Portion of tissue comprised of four to six layers of nonkeratinized, stratified squamous cells and represents approximately 60% of the thickness of the cornea. TAO:0002187 teleost_anatomy Portion of tissue comprised of four to six layers of nonkeratinized, stratified squamous cells and represents approximately 60% of the thickness of the cornea. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-061010-3 corneal primordium Portion of tissue that is part of the eye and gives rise to the mature, fully layered cornea. TAO:0002188 teleost_anatomy Portion of tissue that is part of the eye and gives rise to the mature, fully layered cornea. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-061010-3 corneal stroma Portion of tissue that is located basal to Bowman's layer and distal to Descemet's membrane and is comprised largely of connective tissue. TAO:0002189 teleost_anatomy Portion of tissue that is located basal to Bowman's layer and distal to Descemet's membrane and is comprised largely of connective tissue. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-061010-3 cranial nerve root TAO:0002190 teleost_anatomy diencephalic nucleus TAO:0002191 teleost_anatomy dorsolateral motor nucleus of vagal nerve Motor nucleus of vagal nerve that is located within the dorsolateral portion of rhomobomere 8. TAO:0002192 dlX teleost_anatomy Motor nucleus of vagal nerve that is located within the dorsolateral portion of rhomobomere 8. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-090417-11 dorsolateral septum Portion of tissue that grows in from the dorsolateral wall of the otic vesicle, forming a dorsolateral partition between the developing anterior and posterior semicircular canals. TAO:0002193 dorsal bar teleost_anatomy Portion of tissue that grows in from the dorsolateral wall of the otic vesicle, forming a dorsolateral partition between the developing anterior and posterior semicircular canals. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-383 endolymphatic duct Duct that is part of the inner ear and connects to the semicircular canals ending in a pouch. TAO:0002194 teleost_anatomy Duct that is part of the inner ear and connects to the semicircular canals ending in a pouch. http:en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endolymphatic_duct epidermal placode Portion of tissue that is a thickening and reshaping of the epidermal basal stratum cells beneath which fibroblasts accumulate to form the scale primordium. TAO:0002195 teleost_anatomy Portion of tissue that is a thickening and reshaping of the epidermal basal stratum cells beneath which fibroblasts accumulate to form the scale primordium. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-081008-12 floor plate midbrain region Floor plate that is part of the midbrain. TAO:0002196 teleost_anatomy Floor plate that is part of the midbrain. ZFIN:curator grey matter Multi-tissue comprised of neurons, dendrites, axon terminals, glial cells, and capillaries. TAO:0002197 gray mater gray matter teleost_anatomy Multi-tissue comprised of neurons, dendrites, axon terminals, glial cells, and capillaries. ZFIN:curator head muscle Muscle which is part of the head. TAO:0002198 cephalic muscle teleost_anatomy Muscle which is part of the head. ZFIN:curator hindbrain commissure CNS white matter that crosses the midline within the hindbrain. TAO:0002199 teleost_anatomy CNS white matter that crosses the midline within the hindbrain. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-090417-11 hypobranchial muscle Head muscle that originates on the anterior region of the cleithrum and inserts on the urohyal. The hypobranchial forms initially as left and right parts that later fuse together forming a cone shape. TAO:0002200 sternohyoideus teleost_anatomy Head muscle that originates on the anterior region of the cleithrum and inserts on the urohyal. The hypobranchial forms initially as left and right parts that later fuse together forming a cone shape. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-080306-33 immature eye Multi-tissue structure that consists of the structures that develop into the retina and lens. TAO:0002201 teleost_anatomy Multi-tissue structure that consists of the structures that develop into the retina and lens. ZFIN:curator intermediate nucleus Diencephalic nucleus which is located between the dorsal hypothalamus and the caudal tuberal nucleus and does not contain tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive cells. TAO:0002202 teleost_anatomy Diencephalic nucleus which is located between the dorsal hypothalamus and the caudal tuberal nucleus and does not contain tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive cells. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-001220-2 immature Schwann cell Range covers Schwann cell precursor and immature Schwann cell, should be split and put into CL. TAO:0002203 teleost_anatomy lateral nucleus of ventral telencephalon Peripheral nucleus of the ventral telencephalon that has migrated to the periphery of the brain. From Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain. TAO:0002204 area ventralis telencephali, nucleus lateralis teleost_anatomy ISBN:3764351209 Peripheral nucleus of the ventral telencephalon that has migrated to the periphery of the brain. From Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain. ZFIN:curator lens vesicle Portion of tissue that gives rise to the lens. TAO:0002205 teleost_anatomy Portion of tissue that gives rise to the lens. ZFIN:curator macula communis TAO:0002206 teleost_anatomy medial motor nucleus of vagal nerve TAO:0002207 mmX teleost_anatomy mesonephric podocyte Podocyte that is part of the kidney (mesonephros). TAO:0002208 teleost_anatomy Podocyte that is part of the kidney (mesonephros). ZFIN:curator midbrain nucleus TAO:0002209 teleost_anatomy mossy fiber TAO:0002210 teleost_anatomy olfactory granule cell CL:0000626 Granule cell that is part of the olfactory bulb. TAO:0002211 teleost_anatomy CL:curator Granule cell that is part of the olfactory bulb. optic fiber layer TAO:0002212 optic fiber layers teleost_anatomy optic fiber layers optic nerve head Portion of cranial nerve II where large fasicles of axons from the optic fiber layer come together prior to leaving the eye. TAO:0002213 optic nerve heads teleost_anatomy optic nerve heads Portion of cranial nerve II where large fasicles of axons from the optic fiber layer come together prior to leaving the eye. ZFIN:curator os suspensorium medial flange TAO:0002214 teleost_anatomy otic vesicle protrusion TAO:0002215 teleost_anatomy otic vesicle ventral protrusion TAO:0002216 teleost_anatomy parasphenoid-pterosphenoid joint TAO:0002217 teleost_anatomy parallel fiber TAO:0002218 parallel fibers teleost_anatomy parallel fibers parvocellular preoptic nucleus TAO:0002219 teleost_anatomy pericardial cavity Anatomical space in which the heart is located and is surrounded by the pericardium. TAO:0002220 teleost_anatomy Anatomical space in which the heart is located and is surrounded by the pericardium. ZFIN:curator pericardial muscle TAO:0002221 teleost_anatomy periventricular nucleus of ventral telencephalon TAO:0002222 teleost_anatomy pillar of the semicircular canal TAO:0002223 teleost_anatomy pleuroperitoneal cavity TAO:0002224 teleost_anatomy posterior pronephric duct TAO:0002225 posterior pronephric ducts teleost_anatomy posterior pronephric ducts preglomerular nucleus Diencephalic nucleus which is located in the caudal tuberculum. The preglomerular nuclei make up most of the migrated nuclei within the caudal tuberculum. From Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain. TAO:0002226 teleost_anatomy Diencephalic nucleus which is located in the caudal tuberculum. The preglomerular nuclei make up most of the migrated nuclei within the caudal tuberculum. From Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain. ZFIN:curator presumptive atrioventricular canal Portion of tissue that is part of the heart tube and will become the atrioventricular canal. TAO:0002227 teleost_anatomy Portion of tissue that is part of the heart tube and will become the atrioventricular canal. ZFIN:curator presumptive atrium heart tube TAO:0002228 teleost_anatomy presumptive atrium primitive heart tube TAO:0002229 teleost_anatomy presumptive bulbus arteriosus Portion of tissue that is part of the heart tube and will become the bulbus arteriosus. TAO:0002230 teleost_anatomy Portion of tissue that is part of the heart tube and will become the bulbus arteriosus. ZFIN:curator presumptive cardiac ventricle heart tube Multi-tissue structure that is part of the heart tube and will become the cardiac ventricle. TAO:0002231 teleost_anatomy Multi-tissue structure that is part of the heart tube and will become the cardiac ventricle. TAO:wd presumptive cardiac ventricle primitive heart tube TAO:0002232 teleost_anatomy presumptive endocardium Portion of tissue that is part of the heart tube and will become the endocardium. TAO:0002233 teleost_anatomy Portion of tissue that is part of the heart tube and will become the endocardium. ZFIN:curator presumptive sinus venosus Portion of tissue that is part of the heart tube and will become the sinus venosus. TAO:0002234 teleost_anatomy Portion of tissue that is part of the heart tube and will become the sinus venosus. ZFIN:curator presumptive ventral mesoderm TAO:0002235 teleost_anatomy pronephric distal early tubule TAO:0002236 pronephric distal early tubules teleost_anatomy pronephric distal early tubules pronephric podocyte Podocyte that is part of the pronephros. TAO:0002237 teleost_anatomy Podocyte that is part of the pronephros. ZFIN:curator pronephric proximal convoluted tubule PCT TAO:0002238 teleost_anatomy pronephric proximal straight tubule TAO:0002239 proximal straight tubules teleost_anatomy proximal straight tubules Purkinje cell layer corpus cerebelli TAO:0002240 teleost_anatomy Purkinje cell layer valvula cerebelli TAO:0002241 teleost_anatomy scale primordium TAO:0002242 teleost_anatomy statoacoustic (VIII) nucleus TAO:0002243 cochlear nucleus teleost_anatomy vestibulocochlear nucleus supraoptic tract SOT TAO:0002244 teleost_anatomy tunica externa Multi-tissue structure that is the external layer of the swim bladder that is covered by the peritoneum, and made of elastic fibres and ichthyocol (short needles of collagen). TAO:0002245 teleost_anatomy Multi-tissue structure that is the external layer of the swim bladder that is covered by the peritoneum, and made of elastic fibres and ichthyocol (short needles of collagen). http:www.briancoad.com/Dictionary/T.htm tunica interna Multi-tissue structure that is the internal layer of the swim bladder and is comprised of thin endoderm and a smooth muscle layer called the muscularis mucosa with longitudinal and circular fibres with some collagen. TAO:0002246 teleost_anatomy Multi-tissue structure that is the internal layer of the swim bladder and is comprised of thin endoderm and a smooth muscle layer called the muscularis mucosa with longitudinal and circular fibres with some collagen. http:www.briancoad.com/Dictionary/T.htm ventricular endocardium Endocardium that is part of the cardiac ventricle. TAO:0002247 teleost_anatomy Endocardium that is part of the cardiac ventricle. ZFIN:curator supratemporal commissure TAO:0002248 teleost_anatomy ctenius TAO:0002249 ctenii teleost_anatomy ctenii epural 2 TAO:0002250 teleost_anatomy epural 3 TAO:0002251 teleost_anatomy epural 1 TAO:0002252 teleost_anatomy pyloric caecum TAO:0002253 pyloric appendage teleost_anatomy chin Surface structure that is the anteriormost region of the lower jaw. TAO:0002254 teleost_anatomy Surface structure that is the anteriormost region of the lower jaw. TAO:wd ocular side Organism subdivision that is the side of the body possessing eyes. TAO:0002255 eyed side teleost_anatomy Organism subdivision that is the side of the body possessing eyes. TAO:wd blind side Organism subdivision that is the side of the body lacking eyes. TAO:0002256 teleost_anatomy Organism subdivision that is the side of the body lacking eyes. TAO:wd premaxilla dentigerous process TAO:0002257 premaxilla alveolar process teleost_anatomy trituration tooth TAO:0002258 teleost_anatomy condyle Protuberance on a bone that participates in a joint with another bone. TAO:0002259 condyles teleost_anatomy condyles Protuberance on a bone that participates in a joint with another bone. TAO:wd premaxillary-maxillary joint Joint that articulates the premaxilla and maxilla. Premaxillary-maxillary joint is paired. TAO:0002260 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the premaxilla and maxilla. Premaxillary-maxillary joint is paired. TAO:wd dorsal fin spine TAO:0002261 teleost_anatomy anal fin spine TAO:0002262 teleost_anatomy epineural 1 TAO:0002263 teleost_anatomy epineural 2 TAO:0002264 teleost_anatomy epineural 3 TAO:0002265 teleost_anatomy epineural 4 TAO:0002266 teleost_anatomy epineural 5 TAO:0002267 teleost_anatomy epineural 6 TAO:0002268 teleost_anatomy interarcual cartilage An interarcual cartilage is present in percomorph fishes (Johnson and Patterson 1993). IAC Pharyngeal arch cartilage located between uncinate process of epibranchial 1 and pharyngobranchial 2. TAO:0002269 teleost_anatomy Pharyngeal arch cartilage located between uncinate process of epibranchial 1 and pharyngobranchial 2. TAO:wd pelvic fin spine TAO:0002270 pelvic spine teleost_anatomy ventral caudal procurrent ray 2 TAO:0002271 teleost_anatomy ventral caudal procurrent ray 1 TAO:0002272 teleost_anatomy ctenoid scale Scale that possesses cteni (discrete spines). TAO:0002273 teleost_anatomy Scale that possesses cteni (discrete spines). TAO:wd transforming ctenoid scale Ctenoid scale with two or three alternating rows of cteni marginally and truncated cteni submarginally. (Roberts 1993). TAO:0002274 teleost_anatomy Ctenoid scale with two or three alternating rows of cteni marginally and truncated cteni submarginally. (Roberts 1993). TAO:wd Jakubowski's organ Anatomical cluster that includes the terminal supraorbital neuromast(s) contained in the nasal bone and innervated by the buccal nerve, contact between the nasal bone and lacrimal, and contact between the supraorbital and infraorbital canals. (Johnson and Patterson 1993). TAO:0002275 teleost_anatomy Anatomical cluster that includes the terminal supraorbital neuromast(s) contained in the nasal bone and innervated by the buccal nerve, contact between the nasal bone and lacrimal, and contact between the supraorbital and infraorbital canals. (Johnson and Patterson 1993). TAO:wd median fin Fin that is an unpaired fin located in the sagittal plane of the organism. TAO:0002276 VSAO:0000162 nageoire impaire (French) périssoptérygie (French) teleost_anatomy true PSPUB:0000140 périssoptérygie (French) Fin that is an unpaired fin located in the sagittal plane of the organism. TAO:wd PSPUB:0000164 nageoire impaire (French) pectoral fin distal radial 1 TAO:0002277 teleost_anatomy paired fin Fin that is one of a pair located ventrally on the organism. TAO:0002278 VSAO:0000111 artioptérygie (French) nageoire paire (French) teleost_anatomy true Fin that is one of a pair located ventrally on the organism. TAO:wd PSPUB:0000140 artioptérygie (French) PSPUB:0000164 nageoire paire (French) pectoral fin distal radial 2 TAO:0002279 teleost_anatomy pectoral fin distal radial 3 TAO:0002280 teleost_anatomy retractor posttemporalis TAO:0002281 teleost_anatomy preopercle-opercle joint Joint that articulates the preopercle and opercle. Preopercle-opercle joint is paired. TAO:0002282 teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the preopercle and opercle. Preopercle-opercle joint is paired. TAO:wd melanophore spot TAO:0002283 spot spots teleost_anatomy spots body marking Surface structure that is a visible mark on the body resulting from pigmentation. TAO:0002284 markings teleost_anatomy Surface structure that is a visible mark on the body resulting from pigmentation. TAO:wd markings cycloid scale Scale that is smooth-edged, round or oval and composed of acellular dermal bone lacking small spines on the posterior exposed edge. (from http://www.briancoad.com/Dictionary/introduction.htm). TAO:0002285 Typical of many teleosts. Some cycloid scales may have a serrated margin and are then termed spinoid scales. (from http://www.briancoad.com/Dictionary/introduction.htm). teleost_anatomy Scale that is smooth-edged, round or oval and composed of acellular dermal bone lacking small spines on the posterior exposed edge. (from http://www.briancoad.com/Dictionary/introduction.htm). TAO:wd gular region Surface structure that is the region between the chin and the isthmus. (from http://www.briancoad.com/Dictionary/introduction.htm). TAO:0002286 teleost_anatomy Surface structure that is the region between the chin and the isthmus. (from http://www.briancoad.com/Dictionary/introduction.htm). TAO:wd surangular Dermal bone of the suspensorium. TAO:0002287 teleost_anatomy Dermal bone of the suspensorium. TAO:wd aqueous humor Clear ocular fluid in the anterior segment of the eye. It is produced primarily by dorsal ciliary epithelial cells. TAO:0002288 teleost_anatomy Clear ocular fluid in the anterior segment of the eye. It is produced primarily by dorsal ciliary epithelial cells. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-050701-15 sclera Multi-tissue structure that composes the opaque fibrous outer layer of the eye. TAO:0002289 teleost_anatomy Multi-tissue structure that composes the opaque fibrous outer layer of the eye. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-050701-15 vitreous Portion of organism substance that is a gelatinous extracellular matrix structure that fills the vitreous cavity of the eye. TAO:0002290 teleost_anatomy PMID:18344966 Portion of organism substance that is a gelatinous extracellular matrix structure that fills the vitreous cavity of the eye. fulcrum Dermal bone that is typically associated with a fin. Arratia, G. 2009. Identifying patterns of diversity of the actinopterygian fulcra. Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 90 (Suppl. 1): 220-235. TAO:0002291 teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that is typically associated with a fin. Arratia, G. 2009. Identifying patterns of diversity of the actinopterygian fulcra. Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 90 (Suppl. 1): 220-235. PSPUB:0000171 TAO:wd epaxial basal fulcrum Basal fulcrum that is positioned at the dorsal or anterodorsal margin of the caudal fin. Arratia, G. 2009. Identifying patterns of diversity of the actinopterygian fulcra. Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 90 (Suppl. 1): 220-235. TAO:0002292 dorsal basal fulcra dorsal basal fulcrum epaxial basal fulcra teleost_anatomy Basal fulcrum that is positioned at the dorsal or anterodorsal margin of the caudal fin. Arratia, G. 2009. Identifying patterns of diversity of the actinopterygian fulcra. Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 90 (Suppl. 1): 220-235. PSPUB:0000171 TAO:wd epaxial basal fulcra dorsal basal fulcra hypaxial basal fulcrum Basal fulcrum that is positioned at the anteroventral margin of the caudal fin. Arratia, G. 2009. Identifying patterns of diversity of the actinopterygian fulcra. Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 90 (Suppl. 1): 220-235. TAO:0002293 hypaxial basal fulcra teleost_anatomy ventral basal fulcra ventral basal fulcrum ventral basal fulcra Basal fulcrum that is positioned at the anteroventral margin of the caudal fin. Arratia, G. 2009. Identifying patterns of diversity of the actinopterygian fulcra. Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 90 (Suppl. 1): 220-235. PSPUB:0000171 TAO:wd hypaxial basal fulcra scute Dermal bone that is an unpaired, scale-like structure. Arratia, G. 2009. Identifying patterns of diversity of the actinopterygian fulcra. Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 90 (Suppl. 1): 220-235. TAO:0002294 ridge scale teleost_anatomy Dermal bone that is an unpaired, scale-like structure. Arratia, G. 2009. Identifying patterns of diversity of the actinopterygian fulcra. Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 90 (Suppl. 1): 220-235. PSPUB:0000171 TAO:wd basal communicating artery BCA TAO:0005000 teleost_anatomy posterior communicating artery An artery that connects caudal division of the internal carotid artery and the basal communicating artery to the basilar artery. Isogai et al. 2001. PCA PCS TAO:0005001 caudal communicating segment posterior communicating segment of the basilar artery teleost_anatomy An artery that connects caudal division of the internal carotid artery and the basal communicating artery to the basilar artery. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator basilar artery BA TAO:0005002 teleost_anatomy pharyngeal vasculature TAO:0005003 branchial basket branchial vasculature teleost_anatomy aortic arch TAO:0005004 aortic arches teleost_anatomy aortic arches aortic arch 1 AA1 TAO:0005005 mandibular aortic arch teleost_anatomy aortic arch 2 AA2 TAO:0005006 hyoid aortic arch teleost_anatomy aortic arch 3 AA3 Aortic arches 3 and 4 are not remodeled but are retained largely intact as the branchial arteries providing circulation through the gills. These areches are direct branches from the ventral aorta to the lateral dorsal aorta. Isogai et al. 2001. TAO:0005007 teleost_anatomy Aortic arches 3 and 4 are not remodeled but are retained largely intact as the branchial arteries providing circulation through the gills. These areches are direct branches from the ventral aorta to the lateral dorsal aorta. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator aortic arch 4 AA4 Aortic arches 3 and 4 are not remodeled but are retained largely intact as the branchial arteries providing circulation through the gills. These areches are direct branches from the ventral aorta to the lateral dorsal aorta. Isogai et al. 2001. TAO:0005008 teleost_anatomy Aortic arches 3 and 4 are not remodeled but are retained largely intact as the branchial arteries providing circulation through the gills. These areches are direct branches from the ventral aorta to the lateral dorsal aorta. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator aortic arch 5 AA5 TAO:0005009 The fifth and sixth arches, which come on-line at approximately 2.5 dpf, have a common trunk from the ventral aorta and drain to the midline dorsal aorta via an independent route. The fifth and sixth aortic arches supply the trunk and tail with oxigenated blood. Isogai et al. 2001. teleost_anatomy The fifth and sixth arches, which come on-line at approximately 2.5 dpf, have a common trunk from the ventral aorta and drain to the midline dorsal aorta via an independent route. The fifth and sixth aortic arches supply the trunk and tail with oxigenated blood. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator mid cerebral vein MCeV TAO:0005010 The mesencephalic veins (MsV) enter the mid cerebral veins (MCeV) at the dorsal midline. THe MCeVs originate at the dorsal midline, proceede lateraly in a ventral direction to drain into the paired primordial midbrain channels (PHBC). ogai et al. 2001., Kimmel et al. 1993 mid-cerebral vein middle cerebral vein teleost_anatomy The mesencephalic veins (MsV) enter the mid cerebral veins (MCeV) at the dorsal midline. THe MCeVs originate at the dorsal midline, proceede lateraly in a ventral direction to drain into the paired primordial midbrain channels (PHBC). ogai et al. 2001., Kimmel et al. 1993 ZFIN:curator pseudobranchial artery A vascular loop attached to the efferent part of the mandibular arch that forms at 3.5 dpf. Isogai et al. 2001. TAO:0005011 teleost_anatomy A vascular loop attached to the efferent part of the mandibular arch that forms at 3.5 dpf. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator afferent filamental artery AFA TAO:0005012 afferent filamental arteries teleost_anatomy afferent filamental arteries concurrent branch afferent branchial artery CCB TAO:0005013 The branch of the afferent branchial artery that continues posteriodorsally. Isogai et al. 2001. teleost_anatomy The branch of the afferent branchial artery that continues posteriodorsally. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator recurrent branch afferent branchial artery RCB TAO:0005014 The anterioventral proceeding branch of the afferent branchial artery. Isogai et al. 2001. recurrent branch afferent branchial arteries teleost_anatomy The anterioventral proceeding branch of the afferent branchial artery. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator recurrent branch afferent branchial arteries afferent lamellar arteriole AFL TAO:0005015 afferent lamellar arterioles teleost_anatomy afferent lamellar arterioles aortic arch 6 AA6 TAO:0005016 The fifth and sixth arches, which come on-line at approximately 2.5 dpf, have a common trunk from the ventral aorta and drain to the midline dorsal aorta via an independent route. The fifth and sixth aortic arches supply the trunk and tail with oxigenated blood. Isogai et al. 2001. teleost_anatomy The fifth and sixth arches, which come on-line at approximately 2.5 dpf, have a common trunk from the ventral aorta and drain to the midline dorsal aorta via an independent route. The fifth and sixth aortic arches supply the trunk and tail with oxigenated blood. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator primordial midbrain channel PMBC TAO:0005017 The vessel between the anterior cerebral vein and the mid cerebral vein. Isogai et al. 2001. teleost_anatomy The vessel between the anterior cerebral vein and the mid cerebral vein. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator efferent filamental artery EFA TAO:0005018 teleost_anatomy efferent lamellar arteriole ELA TAO:0005019 efferent lamellar arterioles teleost_anatomy efferent lamellar arterioles central artery Arteries that irrigate the forebrain and midbrain Isogai et al. 2001. CtA TAO:0005020 teleost_anatomy Arteries that irrigate the forebrain and midbrain Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator cerebellar central artery CCtA Extend upward from the PCS, branch to provide an arterial feed to the hindbrain, then drain back down into the PHBC Isogai et al. 2001. TAO:0005021 teleost_anatomy Extend upward from the PCS, branch to provide an arterial feed to the hindbrain, then drain back down into the PHBC Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator opercular artery ORA TAO:0005022 The opercular artery arises from the hyoid stump on the first aortic arch, then follows the lateral margin of the operculum (gill covering) ventrally to reconnect into the proximal part of the first aortic arch. Isogai et al. 2001. external carotid artery teleost_anatomy The opercular artery arises from the hyoid stump on the first aortic arch, then follows the lateral margin of the operculum (gill covering) ventrally to reconnect into the proximal part of the first aortic arch. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator hematopoietic system TAO:0005023 teleost_anatomy trunk vasculature TAO:0005024 teleost_anatomy dorsal longitudinal anastomotic vessel DLAV TAO:0005025 Trunk vessel that connects to the primitive hindbrain channel and the basilar artery at the caudal end of the medulla oblongata. Isogai et al. 2001. teleost_anatomy Trunk vessel that connects to the primitive hindbrain channel and the basilar artery at the caudal end of the medulla oblongata. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator primary head sinus Main route for venous drainage of the anterior and mid cerebral veins as well as portions of the primordial hindbrain channel. Isogai et al. 2001. PHS TAO:0005026 lateral head vein teleost_anatomy Main route for venous drainage of the anterior and mid cerebral veins as well as portions of the primordial hindbrain channel. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator posterior cerebral vein PCeV TAO:0005027 Vein that drains the dorsal longitudinal vessel and the caudal portions of the venous capillary network of the medulla oblongata. Isogai et al. 2001. caudal cerebral vein teleost_anatomy Vein that drains the dorsal longitudinal vessel and the caudal portions of the venous capillary network of the medulla oblongata. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator ventral wall of dorsal aorta AGM Region where blood progenitor markers are expressed. Probable site of definitive hematopoiesis between 36hpf and 4dpf. TAO:0005028 aorta gonad mesonephros region teleost_anatomy Region where blood progenitor markers are expressed. Probable site of definitive hematopoiesis between 36hpf and 4dpf. ZFIN:curator rostral blood island Hematopoietic tissue derived from the cephalic mesoderm. Predominantly produces myeloid cells. de Jong and Zon 2005. RBI TAO:0005029 teleost_anatomy Hematopoietic tissue derived from the cephalic mesoderm. Predominantly produces myeloid cells. de Jong and Zon 2005. ZFIN:curator dorsal ciliary vein DCV TAO:0005030 teleost_anatomy dorsal longitudinal vein DLV TAO:0005031 Vessel that connects to the primitive hindbrain channel and the basilar artery at the caudal end of the medulla oblongata. Isogai et al. 2001. teleost_anatomy Vessel that connects to the primitive hindbrain channel and the basilar artery at the caudal end of the medulla oblongata. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator optic vein OV TAO:0005032 Vein that connects to the hyaloid vein that drains the eye. External to eye. Isogai et al. 2001. teleost_anatomy Vein that connects to the hyaloid vein that drains the eye. External to eye. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator vertebral artery TAO:0005033 teleost_anatomy parachordal vessel PAV TAO:0005034 Vessels run longitudinally along the horizontal myoseptum. These vessels are not functional until after lumenization which occurs near 4 dpf. Isogai et al. 2003. teleost_anatomy Vessels run longitudinally along the horizontal myoseptum. These vessels are not functional until after lumenization which occurs near 4 dpf. Isogai et al. 2003. ZFIN:curator subintestinal vein SIV TAO:0005035 teleost_anatomy supraintestinal artery A continuation of the anterior mesenteric artery, which branches out from the dorsal aorta just caudal to the pronephric glomus. Isogai et al. 2001. SIA TAO:0005036 teleost_anatomy A continuation of the anterior mesenteric artery, which branches out from the dorsal aorta just caudal to the pronephric glomus. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator tail vasculature TAO:0005037 teleost_anatomy supraintestinal vein TAO:0005038 teleost_anatomy anterior lateral mesoderm TAO:0005039 teleost_anatomy posterior lateral mesoderm PLM TAO:0005040 teleost_anatomy anterior lateral plate mesoderm ALPM TAO:0005041 teleost_anatomy posterior lateral plate mesoderm PLPM TAO:0005042 teleost_anatomy nevi An ectopic melanophore accumulation analogous to a nevi (mole) in humans. TAO:0005043 f-nevi teleost_anatomy An ectopic melanophore accumulation analogous to a nevi (mole) in humans. ZFIN:curator optic artery TAO:0005044 The artery that carries blood to the eye. It branches from the internal carotid artery and enters the eye ventrally through the optic fissure. Isogai et al. 2001. teleost_anatomy The artery that carries blood to the eye. It branches from the internal carotid artery and enters the eye ventrally through the optic fissure. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator hyaloid artery Artery that is internal to the eye. Isogai et al. 2001. TAO:0005045 teleost_anatomy Artery that is internal to the eye. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator hyaloid vessel TAO:0005046 hyaloid vasculature hyaloid vessels teleost_anatomy hyaloid vessels hyaloid vein TAO:0005047 Vein internal to the eye. Isogai et al. 2001. teleost_anatomy Vein internal to the eye. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator primitive prosencephalic artery PPrA TAO:0005048 Vessel that branches from cranial division of the internal carotid artery, extending laterally around the rostral end of the head. Isogai et al. 2001. teleost_anatomy Vessel that branches from cranial division of the internal carotid artery, extending laterally around the rostral end of the head. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator prosencephalic artery After the primitive prosencephalic artery forms it becomes disconnected from the cranial division of the internal carotid artery and instead it connects to the anterior mesencephalic central artery and the communicating vessels of the palatocerebral artery. PrA TAO:0005049 teleost_anatomy After the primitive prosencephalic artery forms it becomes disconnected from the cranial division of the internal carotid artery and instead it connects to the anterior mesencephalic central artery and the communicating vessels of the palatocerebral artery. ZFIN:curator palatocerebral artery PLA TAO:0005050 The PLA branches ventrally from the CrDI. It extends rostrally along the base of mid- and forebrain, then loops medially and links to the corresponding vessel from the other side of the embryo. Isogai et al. 2001. teleost_anatomy The PLA branches ventrally from the CrDI. It extends rostrally along the base of mid- and forebrain, then loops medially and links to the corresponding vessel from the other side of the embryo. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator communicating vessel palatocerebral artery CMV Connect the palatocerebral artery with the prosencephalic artery. Isogai et al. 2001. TAO:0005051 communicating vessels teleost_anatomy Connect the palatocerebral artery with the prosencephalic artery. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator anterior mesencephalic central artery AMCtA Arteries that irrigate rostral regions of the midbrain. They extend between the Basial communicating artery to the anterior cerebral vein. Isogai et al. 2001. TAO:0005052 rostral mesencephalic central artery teleost_anatomy Arteries that irrigate rostral regions of the midbrain. They extend between the Basial communicating artery to the anterior cerebral vein. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator nasal ciliary artery NCA TAO:0005053 teleost_anatomy inner optic circle IOC TAO:0005054 teleost_anatomy median palatocerebral vein Drains the PLA loop proceeds straight caudally along the cranial midline just above the pharynx, just below the diencephalon. Forms a 'T' with the palatocerebral veins. Isogai et al. 2001. MPLV TAO:0005055 teleost_anatomy Drains the PLA loop proceeds straight caudally along the cranial midline just above the pharynx, just below the diencephalon. Forms a 'T' with the palatocerebral veins. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator palatocerebral vein PLV TAO:0005056 Vein that drains the median palatocerebral vein into the optic vein. Isogai et al. 2001. teleost_anatomy Vein that drains the median palatocerebral vein into the optic vein. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator epicardium External layer of the heart. TAO:0005057 teleost_anatomy External layer of the heart. ZFIN:curator ventricular epicardium TAO:0005058 The external layer of the ventricle bounding the ventricular myocardium. It is formed by a single layer of mesothelial cells supported by a basal lamina, and imbricated with collagen, fibroblasts, and vascular structures in the subepicardial space. Hu et al. 2001. teleost_anatomy The external layer of the ventricle bounding the ventricular myocardium. It is formed by a single layer of mesothelial cells supported by a basal lamina, and imbricated with collagen, fibroblasts, and vascular structures in the subepicardial space. Hu et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator trabecular layer TAO:0005059 The layer of the myocardium composed of projections of contractile myocytes. The trabecular layer is bounded internally by the the endocardium. Unlike the trabeculations of higher vertebrates, both atrial and ventricular trabeculae of the zebrafish have more strut-like character, and are more uniform without apparent regional differences Hu et al. 2001. teleost_anatomy trabeculae The layer of the myocardium composed of projections of contractile myocytes. The trabecular layer is bounded internally by the the endocardium. Unlike the trabeculations of higher vertebrates, both atrial and ventricular trabeculae of the zebrafish have more strut-like character, and are more uniform without apparent regional differences Hu et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator trabecular layer of ventricle TAO:0005060 teleost_anatomy ventricular myocardium Muscular layer of the cardiac ventricle composed of a compact myocardial layer surrounding the trabecular layer Hu et al. 2001. TAO:0005061 teleost_anatomy Muscular layer of the cardiac ventricle composed of a compact myocardial layer surrounding the trabecular layer Hu et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator compact layer of ventricle TAO:0005062 The outer layer the ventricular myocardium, muscle fibers are arranged in a compact form and involved the entire ventricle. teleost_anatomy The outer layer the ventricular myocardium, muscle fibers are arranged in a compact form and involved the entire ventricle. ZFIN:curator cardiac conduction system TAO:0005063 central conduction system teleost_anatomy atrioventricular valve TAO:0005064 The atrioventricular valve has four distinct leaflets oriented anterior, posterior, left, and right of the atrioventricular orifice. Hu et al. 2001. teleost_anatomy The atrioventricular valve has four distinct leaflets oriented anterior, posterior, left, and right of the atrioventricular orifice. Hu et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator heart valve TAO:0005065 heart valves teleost_anatomy heart valves bulbus arteriosus outer layer Composed of scattered layers of interrupted elastic lamina. Hu et al. 2001. TAO:0005066 bulbus arteriosus externa teleost_anatomy Composed of scattered layers of interrupted elastic lamina. Hu et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator bulbus arteriosus middle layer Composed of 7-10 layers of helically arranged smooth muscle cells surrounded by a fine network of collagen, reticular, and elastic fibrils. Hu et al. 2001. TAO:0005067 bulbus arteriosus media teleost_anatomy Composed of 7-10 layers of helically arranged smooth muscle cells surrounded by a fine network of collagen, reticular, and elastic fibrils. Hu et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator bulbus arteriosus inner layer Composed of subendothelium with longitudinally oriented collagen, reticular fibrils, elastic fibers, and smooth muscle cells bound by a thin endothelial layer. Hu et al. 2001. TAO:0005068 bulbus arteriosus intima teleost_anatomy Composed of subendothelium with longitudinally oriented collagen, reticular fibrils, elastic fibers, and smooth muscle cells bound by a thin endothelial layer. Hu et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator sinoatrial node TAO:0005069 teleost_anatomy atriovetricular node AV node TAO:0005070 teleost_anatomy distal conduction system HPS His-Purkinje system His-Purkinji network TAO:0005071 teleost_anatomy endocardial ring TAO:0005072 teleost_anatomy atrioventricular ring AV ring TAO:0005073 teleost_anatomy central cardiac conduction system Cardiac conduction system, characterized by slow impulse propagation and prolonged refractory periods. TAO:0005074 teleost_anatomy Cardiac conduction system, characterized by slow impulse propagation and prolonged refractory periods. ZFIN:curator peripheral cardiac conduction system Portion of the cardiac conduction system, with rapid impulse propagation. TAO:0005075 teleost_anatomy Portion of the cardiac conduction system, with rapid impulse propagation. ZFIN:curator primordial vasculature TAO:0005076 teleost_anatomy vascular cord TAO:0005077 teleost_anatomy middle mesencephalic central artery MMCtA Project rostrally and dorsally from the AMCtA to to irrigate the midportion of the midbrain Isogai et al. 2001. TAO:0005078 teleost_anatomy Project rostrally and dorsally from the AMCtA to to irrigate the midportion of the midbrain Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator posterior mesencephalic central artery PMCtA Project dorsally from BCA to irrigate the caudal part of midbrain Isogai et al. 2001. TAO:0005079 caudal mesencephalic central artery teleost_anatomy Project dorsally from BCA to irrigate the caudal part of midbrain Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator anterior mesenteric artery AMA An artery deep in the trunk that connects the dorsal aorta to the supraintestinal artery. Isogai et al. 2001. TAO:0005080 rostral mesenteric artery teleost_anatomy An artery deep in the trunk that connects the dorsal aorta to the supraintestinal artery. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator internal carotid artery ICA TAO:0005081 teleost_anatomy dorsal branch nasal ciliary artery TAO:0005082 teleost_anatomy ventral branch nasal ciliary artery TAO:0005083 teleost_anatomy metencephalic artery TAO:0005084 These arteies branch dorsally from both sides of the posterior communicating artery looping up to join with the opposite MtA as well as with both middle cerebral veins at the dorsal midline of the head. Isogai et al. 2001. teleost_anatomy These arteies branch dorsally from both sides of the posterior communicating artery looping up to join with the opposite MtA as well as with both middle cerebral veins at the dorsal midline of the head. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator nasal artery NA TAO:0005085 The nasal arteries start at the internal carotid artey and travel rostrally, passing along the right and left walls of the nasal sac at the most rostral end of the head. From the nasal sac, the NA flows into the nasal veins. Isogai et al. 2001. teleost_anatomy The nasal arteries start at the internal carotid artey and travel rostrally, passing along the right and left walls of the nasal sac at the most rostral end of the head. From the nasal sac, the NA flows into the nasal veins. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator pectoral artery PA TAO:0005086 The pectoral (subclavian) arteries originate from the dorsal aorta and takes the blood outward into the fin from the paired portion of the dorsal aorta posterior to the last aortic arch. Kimmel et al. 1993 subclavian artery teleost_anatomy The pectoral (subclavian) arteries originate from the dorsal aorta and takes the blood outward into the fin from the paired portion of the dorsal aorta posterior to the last aortic arch. Kimmel et al. 1993 ZFIN:curator pectoral vein PV TAO:0005087 teleost_anatomy posterior mesenteric artery Branch ventrally from the dorsal aorta and anastomose longitudinally along the dorsal wall of the hindgut, forming the caudal part of the supraintestinal artery. Isogai et al. 2001. PMA TAO:0005088 caudal mesenteric artery teleost_anatomy Branch ventrally from the dorsal aorta and anastomose longitudinally along the dorsal wall of the hindgut, forming the caudal part of the supraintestinal artery. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator swim bladder artery An elaborate set of vessels that branche off caudally from the anterior mesenteric artery just after the dorsal aorta. The SBA vascular loops are located on the ventral side of the swim bladder. Isogai et al. 2001. SBA TAO:0005089 teleost_anatomy An elaborate set of vessels that branche off caudally from the anterior mesenteric artery just after the dorsal aorta. The SBA vascular loops are located on the ventral side of the swim bladder. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator hepatic portal vein HPV TAO:0005090 primary hepatic portal veins teleost_anatomy hepatic sinusoid TAO:0005091 Wide thin-walled blood vessels in the liver. In mammals they have neither veinous or arterial markers. hepatic sinusoids teleost_anatomy Wide thin-walled blood vessels in the liver. In mammals they have neither veinous or arterial markers. ZFIN:curator hepatic sinusoids mesencephalic vein MsV TAO:0005092 teleost_anatomy nasal vein NV TAO:0005093 teleost_anatomy choroidal vascular plexus CVP Develops adjacent to the pigment epithelium of the eye. The choroidal plexus develops from the primitive mesencephalic artery. Initially blood enters from the mesencephalic central artery, and the dorsal ciliary vein. The plexus drains via the ophthalmic vein. Isogai et al. 2001. TAO:0005094 teleost_anatomy Develops adjacent to the pigment epithelium of the eye. The choroidal plexus develops from the primitive mesencephalic artery. Initially blood enters from the mesencephalic central artery, and the dorsal ciliary vein. The plexus drains via the ophthalmic vein. Isogai et al. 2001. ZFIN:curator fin vasculature TAO:0005095 teleost_anatomy pectoral fin vasculature TAO:0005096 teleost_anatomy caudal fin vasculature TAO:0005097 teleost_anatomy central ray artery Positioned in the intraray mesenchym between the hemirays of the lepidotrichia,. Huang et al. 2003. TAO:0005098 teleost_anatomy Positioned in the intraray mesenchym between the hemirays of the lepidotrichia,. Huang et al. 2003. ZFIN:curator ray vein Lie flanking and just lateral to the fin ray, in the interray mesenchyme. Huang et al. 2003. TAO:0005099 teleost_anatomy Lie flanking and just lateral to the fin ray, in the interray mesenchyme. Huang et al. 2003. ZFIN:curator intervessel commissure TAO:0005100 Vessels that travel between artery and veins or vein and vein in a single ray. intervessel comisures teleost_anatomy intervessel comisures Vessels that travel between artery and veins or vein and vein in a single ray. ZFIN:curator interray vessel TAO:0005101 Vessels that travel between veins in adjacent rays. interray vessels teleost_anatomy Vessels that travel between veins in adjacent rays. ZFIN:curator interray vessels presumptive median fin fold TAO:0005102 presumptive median fin-fold teleost_anatomy presumptive ventral fin fold TAO:0005103 presumptive ventral fin-fold teleost_anatomy presumptive dorsal fin fold TAO:0005104 presumptive dorsal fin-fold teleost_anatomy lymph vessel A network of blunt ended vessels lacking direct connection to the blood vascular system. These vessels collect and drain fluids and macromolecules from interstitial spaces throughout the animal. They derive from a subpopulation of endothelial cells and have walls that are much thinner than the blood carrying vessels. Lymphatic vessels are usually classified as either superficial or deep. TAO:0005105 teleost_anatomy A network of blunt ended vessels lacking direct connection to the blood vascular system. These vessels collect and drain fluids and macromolecules from interstitial spaces throughout the animal. They derive from a subpopulation of endothelial cells and have walls that are much thinner than the blood carrying vessels. Lymphatic vessels are usually classified as either superficial or deep. ZFIN:curator longitudinal lateral lymphatic vessel LLL TAO:0005106 teleost_anatomy pectoral lymphatic vessel PL TAO:0005107 teleost_anatomy facial lymphatic vessel FL TAO:0005108 teleost_anatomy jugular lymphatic vessel JL TAO:0005109 teleost_anatomy thoracic duct TAO:0005110 teleost_anatomy medial forebrain bundle TAO:0005111 teleost_anatomy dorsal lateral line One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0005112 teleost_anatomy One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator dorsal lateral line neuromast Neuromast that is part of the dorsal lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) TAO:0005113 neuromast dorsal teleost_anatomy Neuromast that is part of the dorsal lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.) ZFIN:curator middle lateral line system TAO:0005114 teleost_anatomy primary posterior lateral line primordium Primordium that forms the first neuromasts of the posterior lateral line. This primordium travels at 1.5-1.7 somites/hour and deposits neuromast that are polarized along the antero-posterior axis. TAO:0005115 primI primary posterior lateral line primordia teleost_anatomy Primordium that forms the first neuromasts of the posterior lateral line. This primordium travels at 1.5-1.7 somites/hour and deposits neuromast that are polarized along the antero-posterior axis. ZFIN:curator primary posterior lateral line primordia secondary posterior lateral line primordium Second lateral line primordium. These primordia moves at 0.2 somites/hour and deposite neromasts that are polarized in a dorso-ventral direction. TAO:0005116 secondary posterior lateral line primordia teleost_anatomy Second lateral line primordium. These primordia moves at 0.2 somites/hour and deposite neromasts that are polarized in a dorso-ventral direction. ZFIN:curator secondary posterior lateral line primordia anterior lateral line primordium A migrating group of cells originating from an anterior lateral line placode. The primordium deposits neuromasts and interneuromasts between them during its migration. TAO:0005117 anterior lateral line primordia teleost_anatomy anterior lateral line primordia A migrating group of cells originating from an anterior lateral line placode. The primordium deposits neuromasts and interneuromasts between them during its migration. ZFIN:curator middle lateral line primordium A migrating group of cells originating from the middle lateral line placode. The primordium deposits neuromasts with interneuromasts between them. TAO:0005118 middle lateral line primordia teleost_anatomy A migrating group of cells originating from the middle lateral line placode. The primordium deposits neuromasts with interneuromasts between them. ZFIN:curator middle lateral line primordia barbel primordium A surface structure that will eventually grow to form a barbel. The primordium is rich in taste buds. The final location for taste buds present in the primordium is the distal tip of the mature barbel. TAO:0005119 barbel primordia teleost_anatomy barbel primordia A surface structure that will eventually grow to form a barbel. The primordium is rich in taste buds. The final location for taste buds present in the primordium is the distal tip of the mature barbel. ZFIN:curator peritoneum An epithelium that lines the peritoneal cavity. TAO:0005120 teleost_anatomy An epithelium that lines the peritoneal cavity. ZFIN:curator middle lateral line placode TAO:0005121 teleost_anatomy dorsal axial hypoblast TAO:0005122 teleost_anatomy gut epithelium Epithelium lining the lumen of the gut. TAO:0005123 teleost_anatomy Epithelium lining the lumen of the gut. ZFIN:curator intestinal epithelium Simple columnar epithelium that lines the intestine, sometimes pseudostratified, with absorptive brush-border cells and mucous goblet cells clearly visible. Crosnier et al. 2005 TAO:0005124 intestine epithelium teleost_anatomy Simple columnar epithelium that lines the intestine, sometimes pseudostratified, with absorptive brush-border cells and mucous goblet cells clearly visible. Crosnier et al. 2005 ZFIN:curator intestinal villus TAO:0005125 The entire digestive tract is lined by well developed villi, which are longest in the intestinal bulb and decrease progressively in size towards the caudal end of the intestine. No crypts are present, but, the regions between the villi, the intervillus pockets, have a crypt-like function. Cells are produced in the intervillus pockets and shed from the villus tips. Crosnier et al. 2005 teleost_anatomy The entire digestive tract is lined by well developed villi, which are longest in the intestinal bulb and decrease progressively in size towards the caudal end of the intestine. No crypts are present, but, the regions between the villi, the intervillus pockets, have a crypt-like function. Cells are produced in the intervillus pockets and shed from the villus tips. Crosnier et al. 2005 ZFIN:curator intestinal bulb epithelium Intestinal epithelium which lines the lumen of the intestinal bulb. TAO:0005126 teleost_anatomy Intestinal epithelium which lines the lumen of the intestinal bulb. ZFIN:curator mid intestine epithelium Intestinal epithelium which lines the lumen of the mid intestine. TAO:0005127 teleost_anatomy Intestinal epithelium which lines the lumen of the mid intestine. ZFIN:curator posterior intestine epithelium Intestinal epithelium which lines the lumen of the posterior intestine. TAO:0005128 teleost_anatomy Intestinal epithelium which lines the lumen of the posterior intestine. ZFIN:curator mesentery A double layer composed of peritoneum that attaches the visceral organs to the body wall. TAO:0005129 teleost_anatomy A double layer composed of peritoneum that attaches the visceral organs to the body wall. ZFIN:curator dorsal mesentery TAO:0005130 The mesentery that originates from the dorsal side of the peritoneal cavity. teleost_anatomy The mesentery that originates from the dorsal side of the peritoneal cavity. ZFIN:curator parietal peritoneum TAO:0005131 The peritoneum that lines the walls of the peritoneal cavity. teleost_anatomy The peritoneum that lines the walls of the peritoneal cavity. ZFIN:curator visceral peritoneum TAO:0005132 The peritoneum that covers the external surfaces of most abdominal organs. teleost_anatomy The peritoneum that covers the external surfaces of most abdominal organs. ZFIN:curator ventral mesentery TAO:0005133 The mesentery that originates from the ventral side of the peritoneal cavity. teleost_anatomy The mesentery that originates from the ventral side of the peritoneal cavity. ZFIN:curator dental epithelium Epithelium that is part of a developing tooth or dental organ. TAO:0005134 teleost_anatomy Epithelium that is part of a developing tooth or dental organ. ZFIN:curator primary dental epithelium Epithelium that surrounds a primary tooth. This epithelium is committed to formation of replacement teeth. TAO:0005135 pharyngeal tooth epithelium teleost_anatomy tooth epithelium Epithelium that surrounds a primary tooth. This epithelium is committed to formation of replacement teeth. ZFIN:curator inner dental epithelium Inner layer of the dental organ, composed of ameloblasts. TAO:0005136 inner enamel epithelium teleost_anatomy Inner layer of the dental organ, composed of ameloblasts. ZFIN:curator outer dental epithelium Outer layer of the dental organ. TAO:0005137 outer enamel epithilium teleost_anatomy Outer layer of the dental organ. ZFIN:curator dental organ A structure that is involved in tooth formation. A bell shape two layer epithelial structure that descends toward the ceratobranchial 5 bone, enclosing the dental mesenchyme. At later times in tooth development the cells at the apex of the bell may be involved in enameloid formation. This structure remains at the base of the erupted tooth and is the source of replacement teeth. TAO:0005138 enamel organ teleost_anatomy A structure that is involved in tooth formation. A bell shape two layer epithelial structure that descends toward the ceratobranchial 5 bone, enclosing the dental mesenchyme. At later times in tooth development the cells at the apex of the bell may be involved in enameloid formation. This structure remains at the base of the erupted tooth and is the source of replacement teeth. ZFIN:curator dental mesenchyme Mesenchyme enclosed by dental organ. TAO:0005139 teleost_anatomy Mesenchyme enclosed by dental organ. ZFIN:curator dental papilla TAO:0005140 Tissue of the developing tooth. It is composed of pre-odontoblast and undiffentiated mesnchyme cells and connects to the basal lamina. VSAO:0000025 pharyngeal tooth mesenchyme teleost_anatomy tooth mesenchyme true Tissue of the developing tooth. It is composed of pre-odontoblast and undiffentiated mesnchyme cells and connects to the basal lamina. ZFIN:curator tooth pulp Material in the center of the dentine of the mature tooth. In secondary teeth the pulp contains blood vessels and odontoblast. TAO:0005141 teleost_anatomy Material in the center of the dentine of the mature tooth. In secondary teeth the pulp contains blood vessels and odontoblast. ZFIN:curator enameloid Skeletal tissue that is hypermineralized and aprismatic and deposited by a combination of ameloblasts and odontoblasts that are excluded from the matrix. Enameloid develops from pre-enameloid tissue. TAO:0005142 VSAO:0000113 teleost_anatomy true Skeletal tissue that is hypermineralized and aprismatic and deposited by a combination of ameloblasts and odontoblasts that are excluded from the matrix. Enameloid develops from pre-enameloid tissue. VSAO:curator dentine Mineralized collagen containing substance that forms the tooth structure. TAO:0005143 VSAO:0000069 teleost_anatomy true Mineralized collagen containing substance that forms the tooth structure. ZFIN:curator ampullary nerve A branch of the 8th cranial nerve that innervates the cristae ampullaris. TAO:0005144 teleost_anatomy A branch of the 8th cranial nerve that innervates the cristae ampullaris. ZFIN:curator muscle Portion of tissue composed of contractile fibers. TAO:0005145 teleost_anatomy Portion of tissue composed of contractile fibers. ZFIN:curator area postrema An area of medulla oblongata, outside the blood-brain barrier. The apical terminals of the neurons are, in a strategic location either to monitor the chemical constitution of the plasma or to release neurogenic substances into the general circulation. Ma 1997. TAO:0005146 teleost_anatomy An area of medulla oblongata, outside the blood-brain barrier. The apical terminals of the neurons are, in a strategic location either to monitor the chemical constitution of the plasma or to release neurogenic substances into the general circulation. Ma 1997. ZFIN:curator regenerating tissue A portion of tissue that is regrowing after damage or amputation. TAO:0005147 teleost_anatomy A portion of tissue that is regrowing after damage or amputation. ZFIN:curator apical epidermal cap Part of the regeneration epithelium closest to the fin. TAO:0005148 teleost_anatomy Part of the regeneration epithelium closest to the fin. ZFIN:curator distal epidermal cap Part of regeneration epithelium at the tip of the fin. TAO:0005149 teleost_anatomy Part of regeneration epithelium at the tip of the fin. ZFIN:curator basal regeneration epithelium Layer of the wound epidermis that surrounds the blastema. TAO:0005150 basal wound epidermis teleost_anatomy Layer of the wound epidermis that surrounds the blastema. ZFIN:curator gold iridophore Iridescent iridophore containing gold reflecting platelets. TAO:0005151 teleost_anatomy Iridescent iridophore containing gold reflecting platelets. ZFIN:curator silver iridophore Iridescent iridophore containing silver reflecting platelets. TAO:0005152 teleost_anatomy Iridescent iridophore containing silver reflecting platelets. ZFIN:curator synovial joint Is a joint that is located at the point of contact of articulating bones allowing movement. The joint has a capsule containing synovial fluid surrounding the articulating bone surfaces. TAO:0005153 diarthrodial joints diarthroses teleost_anatomy Is a joint that is located at the point of contact of articulating bones allowing movement. The joint has a capsule containing synovial fluid surrounding the articulating bone surfaces. ZFIN:Curator synovial fluid Portion of organism substance that is a clear fluid that occupies the space in synovial joints. TAO:0005154 teleost_anatomy Portion of organism substance that is a clear fluid that occupies the space in synovial joints. ZFIN:curator cartilaginous joint TAO:0005155 teleost_anatomy fibrous joint A joint where fibrous tissue such as ligament connects two calcified tissues. TAO:0005156 teleost_anatomy A joint where fibrous tissue such as ligament connects two calcified tissues. ZFIN:curator tela chorioidea tectal ventricle TAO:0005157 Tela chorioidea that lines the tectal ventricle. tela choroidea tectal ventricle teleost_anatomy Tela chorioidea that lines the tectal ventricle. ZFIN:curator tela chorioidea fourth ventricle TAO:0005158 Tela chorioidea that lines the fourth ventricle. tela choroidea fourth ventricle teleost_anatomy Tela chorioidea that lines the fourth ventricle. ZFIN:curator tela chorioidea third ventricle TAO:0005159 Tela chorioidea that lines the third ventricle. tela choroidea third ventricle teleost_anatomy Tela chorioidea that lines the third ventricle. ZFIN:curator tela chorioidea telencephalic ventricle TAO:0005160 Tela chorioidea that lines the telencephalic ventricle. tela choroidea telencephalic ventricle teleost_anatomy Tela chorioidea that lines the telencephalic ventricle. ZFIN:curator hepatic artery Artery that supplies blood to the liver. TAO:0005161 teleost_anatomy Artery that supplies blood to the liver. ZFIN:curator digestive system duct TAO:0005162 teleost_anatomy bile canaliculus Should be located in rather then part_of when we get the appropriate relation. TAO:0005163 teleost_anatomy bile ductule TAO:0005164 teleost_anatomy common bile duct Digestive system duct that collects bile from the hepatic bile duct and the cystic duct. TAO:0005165 teleost_anatomy Digestive system duct that collects bile from the hepatic bile duct and the cystic duct. ZFIN:Curator cystic duct Duct that connects the gall bladder and the common bile duct. TAO:0005166 teleost_anatomy Duct that connects the gall bladder and the common bile duct. ZFIN:Curator hepatopancreatic ampulla Ampulla formed by the union of the pancreatic duct and the common bile duct where they enter the intestine. TAO:0005167 ampulla of Vater papilla Vateri papilla duodeni major teleost_anatomy Ampulla formed by the union of the pancreatic duct and the common bile duct where they enter the intestine. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070212-11 ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-080414-12 central vein TAO:0005168 Vein that is central to a lobule in the liver. teleost_anatomy Vein that is central to a lobule in the liver. ZFIN:curator intrahepatic bile duct Duct that collects bile from the bile ductules and connects to the extrahepatic bile duct. TAO:0005169 teleost_anatomy Duct that collects bile from the bile ductules and connects to the extrahepatic bile duct. ZFIN:curator extrahepatic duct Bile duct that collects from the intrahepatic ducts and feeds into the common bile duct. TAO:0005170 teleost_anatomy Bile duct that collects from the intrahepatic ducts and feeds into the common bile duct. ZFIN:curator duct TAO:0005171 teleost_anatomy left liver lobe Portion of the liver which develops on the fish's left side. TAO:0005172 teleost_anatomy Portion of the liver which develops on the fish's left side. ZFIN:curator right liver lobe 2nd lobe Portion of the liver which develops on the fish's right side adjacent to the gall bladder. TAO:0005173 gall bladder lobe second lobe teleost_anatomy Portion of the liver which develops on the fish's right side adjacent to the gall bladder. ZFIN:curator ventral liver lobe 3rd lobe Portion of the liver which develops on the fish's ventral side. TAO:0005174 teleost_anatomy third lobe Portion of the liver which develops on the fish's ventral side. ZFIN:curator CoPA An interneuron in the spinal cord. CoPA are bipolar with "T" shaped dorsal dendrites, have contralateral longitudinal axons that crosses the cord dorsal to the Mauthner neuron and ascends in the dorsal cord. TAO:0005175 This term entered TAO as a leaf node in the zebrafish AO and is not in the CL. primary commissural interneuron teleost_anatomy An interneuron in the spinal cord. CoPA are bipolar with "T" shaped dorsal dendrites, have contralateral longitudinal axons that crosses the cord dorsal to the Mauthner neuron and ascends in the dorsal cord. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-010807-17 ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-274 ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-649 CoSA An interneuron of the spinal cord. CoSA, have contralateral longitudinal axons that crosses the cord dorsal to the Mauthner neuron and ascends in the dorsal cord. TAO:0005176 This term entered TAO as a leaf node in the zebrafish AO and is not in the CL. secondary commissural interneuron teleost_anatomy An interneuron of the spinal cord. CoSA, have contralateral longitudinal axons that crosses the cord dorsal to the Mauthner neuron and ascends in the dorsal cord. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-010807-17 ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-649 VeLD TAO:0005177 This term entered TAO as a leaf node in the zebrafish AO and is not in the CL. V2b interneuron teleost_anatomy ventral longitudinal interneuron DoLA TAO:0005178 This term entered TAO as a leaf node in the zebrafish AO and is not in the CL. dorsal longitudinal interneuron teleost_anatomy MiP motor neuron TAO:0005179 This term entered TAO as a leaf node in the zebrafish AO and is not in the CL. middle primary motoneuron teleost_anatomy RoP motor neuron TAO:0005180 This term entered TAO as a leaf node in the zebrafish AO and is not in the CL. rostral primary motoneuron teleost_anatomy VaP motor neuron TAO:0005181 This term entered TAO as a leaf node in the zebrafish AO and is not in the CL. teleost_anatomy variable primary motoneuron t-interneuron TAO:0005182 This term entered TAO as a leaf node in the zebrafish AO and is not in the CL. teleost_anatomy MiD2i TAO:0005183 This term entered TAO as a leaf node in the zebrafish AO and is not in the CL middle dorsal 2 ipsilateral interneuron teleost_anatomy MiD2cl TAO:0005184 This term entered TAO as a leaf node in the zebrafish AO and is not in the CL middle dorsal 2 contralateral llf interneuron teleost_anatomy MiD2cm TAO:0005185 This term entered TAO as a leaf node in the zebrafish AO and is not in the CL middle dorsal 2 contralateral mlf interneuron teleost_anatomy CoB A bifurcate interneuron. It is a commissural neuron with both ascending and descending axons in the ventrolateral cord contralateral to its cell body. TAO:0005186 This term entered TAO as a leaf node in the zebrafish AO and is not in the CL. This may be the same as CoBL bifurcate commissural interneuron teleost_anatomy A bifurcate interneuron. It is a commissural neuron with both ascending and descending axons in the ventrolateral cord contralateral to its cell body. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-649 MiM1 TAO:0005187 middle medial interneuron teleost_anatomy MiR1 TAO:0005188 middle rostral 1 interneuron teleost_anatomy MiR2 TAO:0005189 middle rostral 2 interneuron teleost_anatomy MiV1 TAO:0005190 middle ventral 1 neuron teleost_anatomy MiV2 TAO:0005191 middle ventral 2 neuron teleost_anatomy RoI2C TAO:0005192 rostral intermediate 2 caudal interneuron teleost_anatomy RoI2R TAO:0005193 rostral intermediate 2 rostral interneuron teleost_anatomy RoL1 May have 12 neurons in each hemi rhombomere ZDB-PUB-060217-9 7 neurons in each hemi rhombomere 080227-17 and 931014-770 TAO:0005194 rostral lateral 1 interneuron teleost_anatomy MiD3cl TAO:0005195 This term entered TAO as a leaf node in the zebrafish AO and is not in the CL. middle dorsal 3 contralateral llf interneuron teleost_anatomy MiD3cm TAO:0005196 This term entered TAO as a leaf node in the zebrafish AO and is not in the CL. middle dorsal 3 contralateral mlf interneuron teleost_anatomy MiD3i TAO:0005197 This term entered TAO as a leaf node in the zebrafish AO and is not in the CL. middle dorsal 3 ipsilateral interneuron teleost_anatomy RoL2 TAO:0005198 rostral lateral 2 interneuron teleost_anatomy RoL2r TAO:0005199 rostral lateral 2 rostral interneuron teleost_anatomy RoL2c TAO:0005200 rostral lateral 2 caudal interneuron teleost_anatomy RoL3 TAO:0005201 rostral lateral 3 interneuron teleost_anatomy RoM1c TAO:0005202 rostral medial 1 caudal interneuron teleost_anatomy RoM1r TAO:0005203 rostral medial 1 rostral interneuron teleost_anatomy rostral ventral 3 interneuron RoV3 TAO:0005204 teleost_anatomy RoM2l TAO:0005205 rostral medial 2 lateral interneuron teleost_anatomy RoM2m TAO:0005206 rostral medial 2 medial interneuron teleost_anatomy RoM3l TAO:0005207 rostral medial 3 lateral interneuron teleost_anatomy RoM3m TAO:0005208 rostral medial 3 medial interneuron teleost_anatomy hindbrain interneuron TAO:0005209 teleost_anatomy midbrain interneuron CNS interneurons located in the midbrain. TAO:0005210 teleost_anatomy CNS interneurons located in the midbrain. ZFIN:Curator MeL TAO:0005211 mesencephalon lateral interneuron teleost_anatomy MeM TAO:0005212 mesencephalon medial interneuron teleost_anatomy MeLr TAO:0005213 mesencephalon lateral rostral interneuron teleost_anatomy MeLc TAO:0005214 mesencephalon lateral caudal interneuron teleost_anatomy MeLm TAO:0005215 mesencephalon lateral medial interneuron teleost_anatomy MeM1 TAO:0005216 mesencephalon medial 1 interneuron teleost_anatomy CaV Hindbrain interneuron that is part of rhombomere 7, with 2 ventral neurons in each hemi-rhombomere. TAO:0005217 caudal ventral interneuron teleost_anatomy Hindbrain interneuron that is part of rhombomere 7, with 2 ventral neurons in each hemi-rhombomere. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-770 CaD TAO:0005218 caudal dorsal interneuron teleost_anatomy choroid plexus vascular circuit CVC Cranial vasculature where the posterior cerebral veins and the trans-choroid plexus branch form a circuit around the 4th ventricle choroid plexus. TAO:0005219 choroid vascular circuit teleost_anatomy Cranial vasculature where the posterior cerebral veins and the trans-choroid plexus branch form a circuit around the 4th ventricle choroid plexus. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-080908-11 larval melanophore stripe TAO:0005220 teleost_anatomy dorsal larval melanophore stripe TAO:0005221 teleost_anatomy ventral larval melanophore stripe TAO:0005222 teleost_anatomy lateral larval melanophore stripe TAO:0005223 teleost_anatomy yolk larval melanophore stripe TAO:0005224 teleost_anatomy median fin radial Radial that is part of a median fin. TAO:0005225 actinophore (French) actinoste (French) axonoste (French) ptérygiophore (French) teleost_anatomy PSPUB:0000163 actinoste (French) PSPUB:0000141 axonoste (French) Radial that is part of a median fin. TAO:curator PSPUB:0000173 actinophore (French) PSPUB:0000164 ptérygiophore (French) median fin proximal radial TAO:0005226 baséoste ptérygiophore proximal teleost_anatomy PSPUB:0000164 ptérygiophore proximal PSPUB:0000138 baséoste protoneuromast TAO:0005227 immature neuromast proto neuromast proto-neuromast teleost_anatomy segmented lepidotrichium TAO:0005228 segmented ray teleost_anatomy optic choroid TAO:0005229 teleost_anatomy CoBL A bifurcate interneuron where the axon projects ventrally, crossing the spinal cord ventral to the Mauthner axons before bifurcating and extending dorsally. TAO:0005230 commissural bifurcating longitudinal teleost_anatomy A bifurcate interneuron where the axon projects ventrally, crossing the spinal cord ventral to the Mauthner axons before bifurcating and extending dorsally. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-010807-17 bifurcate interneuron TAO:0005231 teleost_anatomy MCoD TAO:0005232 multipolar commissural descending interneuron teleost_anatomy CiD A interneuron of the spinal cord with an ipsilateral axon that extends ventral to the Mauthner axon then turns dorsally and caudally and sometimes has a minor ascending branch. TAO:0005233 V2a interneuron circumferential descending interneuron teleost_anatomy A interneuron of the spinal cord with an ipsilateral axon that extends ventral to the Mauthner axon then turns dorsally and caudally and sometimes has a minor ascending branch. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-010807-17 CoLA A spinal interneuron with a dorsal dendrite that extends caudally. CoLA also has midlateral process that extend rostrally and caudally, the axon crosses the cord dorsal to the Mauthner cell and ascends, extending dorsally. Axon has minor descending branch. TAO:0005234 commissural longitudinal ascending interneuron teleost_anatomy A spinal interneuron with a dorsal dendrite that extends caudally. CoLA also has midlateral process that extend rostrally and caudally, the axon crosses the cord dorsal to the Mauthner cell and ascends, extending dorsally. Axon has minor descending branch. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-010807-17 UCoD TAO:0005235 teleost_anatomy unipolar commissural descending interneuron basophilic erythroblast CL:0000549 TAO:0005236 teleost_anatomy erythroblast CL:0000765 TAO:0005237 teleost_anatomy juxtaglomerular cell CL:0000648 TAO:0005238 teleost_anatomy micropylar cell TAO:0005239 plug cell teleost_anatomy Kolmer-Agduhr neuron KA cell Kolmer-Agduhr cell Kolmer-Agduhr neurons are ciliated GABAergic neurons that contact the central canal of the spinal cord and have ipsilateral ascending axons. TAO:0005240 teleost_anatomy Kolmer-Agduhr neurons are ciliated GABAergic neurons that contact the central canal of the spinal cord and have ipsilateral ascending axons. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-080825-21 polychromatophilic erythroblast TAO:0005241 intermediate erythroblast intermediate normoblast polychromatic erythroblast polychromatic normoblast polychromatophilic normoblast rubricyte teleost_anatomy multiciliated epithelial cell A ciliated epithelial cell with many cilium. CL:0005012 TAO:0005242 multi-ciliated pithelial cell teleost_anatomy A ciliated epithelial cell with many cilium. CL:Curator single ciliated epithelial cell CL:0005013 Definition: A ciliated epithelial cell with a single cilium. TAO:0005243 single-ciliated epithelial cell teleost_anatomy CL:curator Definition: A ciliated epithelial cell with a single cilium. auditory epithelial support cell TAO:0005244 teleost_anatomy inter-parietal joint 2012-02-10T04:18:40Z Fibrous joint connecting the parietal bones. TAO:0005245 sagittal suture teleost_anatomy wasila.dahdul Fibrous joint connecting the parietal bones. ZFA:ZDB-PUB-060323-12 regeneration fibroblast Is a fibroblast that differentiates from the de-differentiated cells of the blastema. TAO:0005246 blastemal fibroblast blastemal fibroblasts teleost_anatomy blastemal fibroblasts Is a fibroblast that differentiates from the de-differentiated cells of the blastema. ZFIN:curator CiA Interneurons of the spinal cord that arise from the V1 proliferation domain. The CiA neurons inhibit motoneurons, other ventral interneurons and also inhibit dorsal sensory neurons involved in sensory gating,. CiA have ipsilateral axonal projections in both motor and sensory regions of spinal cord. TAO:0005247 circumferential ascending interneuron teleost_anatomy Interneurons of the spinal cord that arise from the V1 proliferation domain. The CiA neurons inhibit motoneurons, other ventral interneurons and also inhibit dorsal sensory neurons involved in sensory gating,. CiA have ipsilateral axonal projections in both motor and sensory regions of spinal cord. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-040625-12 ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-060418-1 trans-choroid plexus branch TAO:0005248 TCB teleost_anatomy vasculature TAO:0005249 teleost_anatomy capillary TAO:0005250 teleost_anatomy microcirculatory vessels TAO:0005251 teleost_anatomy lymphatic capillary Microvessel of the lymphatic system lined with a single layer of overlapping endothelial cells. TAO:0005252 teleost_anatomy Microvessel of the lymphatic system lined with a single layer of overlapping endothelial cells. ZFIN:curator renal glomerular capsule epithelium Simple squamous epithelium that lines the capsule of the renal glomerulus. TAO:0005253 parietal epithelial layer teleost_anatomy Simple squamous epithelium that lines the capsule of the renal glomerulus. ZFIN:curator renal glomerular capsule Bowman's capsule TAO:0005254 teleost_anatomy frontal-parietal joint TAO:0005255 teleost_anatomy intervillus pockets A portion of tissue formed between the base of the intestinal villi that is part of the intestinal epithelium where intestinal stem cells are located. In the intestine no crypts are present, but, the regions between the villi, the intervillus pockets, have a crypt-like function. Cells are produced in the intervillus pockets and shed from the villus tips. TAO:0005256 teleost_anatomy A portion of tissue formed between the base of the intestinal villi that is part of the intestinal epithelium where intestinal stem cells are located. In the intestine no crypts are present, but, the regions between the villi, the intervillus pockets, have a crypt-like function. Cells are produced in the intervillus pockets and shed from the villus tips. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-050209-3 blood vessel endothelium TAO:0005257 teleost_anatomy lymph vessel endothelium TAO:0005258 The vascular endothelium that lines the lymph vessels. teleost_anatomy The vascular endothelium that lines the lymph vessels. ZFIN:curator continuous blood vessel endothelium Blood vessel endothelium that has tight junctions between the endothelial cells. TAO:0005259 teleost_anatomy Blood vessel endothelium that has tight junctions between the endothelial cells. ZFIN:curator fenestrated blood vessel endothelium Blood vessel endothelium that has pores that allow passage small molecules and proteins. TAO:0005260 teleost_anatomy Blood vessel endothelium that has pores that allow passage small molecules and proteins. ZFIN:curator sinusoidal blood vessel endothelium Fenestrated blood vessel endothelium with pores that are large enough for blood cells to pass. The basal lamina and gap junctions may be discontinuous. TAO:0005261 teleost_anatomy Fenestrated blood vessel endothelium with pores that are large enough for blood cells to pass. The basal lamina and gap junctions may be discontinuous. ZFIN:curator supraoccipital-parietal joint TAO:0005264 teleost_anatomy hyomandibula-opercle joint 2012-04-09T06:34:33Z Synovial joint that articulates the hyomandibula and the opercle. TAO:0005265 haendel teleost_anatomy Synovial joint that articulates the hyomandibula and the opercle. ZFIN:CVS pterotic fossa 2012-04-09T06:50:18Z Fossa on the pterotic where the hyomandibula articulates. TAO:0005266 haendel teleost_anatomy Fossa on the pterotic where the hyomandibula articulates. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-192 erector muscle Muscle that moves parts of the body in a superior direction to an erect position. Antagonistic to depressor muscle. TAO:0005267 teleost_anatomy Muscle that moves parts of the body in a superior direction to an erect position. Antagonistic to depressor muscle. ZFIN:curator preopercle horizontal limb-symplectic joint 2012-04-09T07:25:19Z In ZFA, is a type of fibrous joint. May need to stay more general in TAO. Joint that articulates the posterior edge of the preopercle horizontal limb with the symplectic. TAO:0005268 haendel teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the posterior edge of the preopercle horizontal limb with the symplectic. ZFIN:curator hypophyseal fenestra 2012-04-09T07:33:26Z Space enclosed by the trabeculae cranii. The anterior tip of the notochord extends into the posterior region of the hypophyseal fenestra. TAO:0005269 haendel teleost_anatomy Space enclosed by the trabeculae cranii. The anterior tip of the notochord extends into the posterior region of the hypophyseal fenestra. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-192 depressor muscle A muscle that moves body parts into an inferior direction or lowered position. Antagonistic to erector muscle. TAO:0005270 teleost_anatomy A muscle that moves body parts into an inferior direction or lowered position. Antagonistic to erector muscle. ZFIN:curator flexor muscle A muscle that decreases the angle of a joint. TAO:0005271 teleost_anatomy A muscle that decreases the angle of a joint. ZFIN:curator immature gonad Immature reproductive tissue that has not undergone final maturation into either testis or ovary. During gonadal development, the gonad may be transiently intersexual where there is a parallel presence of both oocytes and spermatocytes. TAO:0005272 juvenile gonad teleost_anatomy Immature reproductive tissue that has not undergone final maturation into either testis or ovary. During gonadal development, the gonad may be transiently intersexual where there is a parallel presence of both oocytes and spermatocytes. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070305-2 intestinal mucosal muscle A thin layer of smooth muscle immediately beneath the base of the villi which permits the intestinal mucosa to dynamically move and fold. TAO:0005273 intestinal lamina muscularis mucosae teleost_anatomy http:www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/digestion/basics/gi_microanatomy.html intestinal lamina muscularis mucosae A thin layer of smooth muscle immediately beneath the base of the villi which permits the intestinal mucosa to dynamically move and fold. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-090217-11 smooth muscle A non-striated muscle that is composed of spindle-shaped cells. Smooth muscle usually is organized into sheets that line cavitated organs. TAO:0005274 teleost_anatomy A non-striated muscle that is composed of spindle-shaped cells. Smooth muscle usually is organized into sheets that line cavitated organs. ZFIN:curator hyomandibular foramen 2012-04-09T07:39:00Z Foramen in the hyomandibula that allows passage of the anterior lateral line nerve and the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII). TAO:0005275 haendel teleost_anatomy Foramen in the hyomandibula that allows passage of the anterior lateral line nerve and the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII). ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-192 inclinator muscle TAO:0005276 teleost_anatomy skeletal muscle Muscle, composed of long cylindrical, multinucleated cells that attaches to the skeleton via tendons. TAO:0005277 teleost_anatomy Muscle, composed of long cylindrical, multinucleated cells that attaches to the skeleton via tendons. ZFIN:curator preopercle vertical limb-hyomandibula joint 2012-04-09T07:41:34Z Joint that articulates the anterior edge of the preopercle vertical limb and the hyomandibula. TAO:0005278 haendel teleost_anatomy Joint that articulates the anterior edge of the preopercle vertical limb and the hyomandibula. ZFIN:curator enteric circular muscle Smooth muscle of the enteric muscle system in which the cells are aligned perpendicular to the lumen of the gut. TAO:0005279 teleost_anatomy Smooth muscle of the enteric muscle system in which the cells are aligned perpendicular to the lumen of the gut. ZFIN:curator cardiac muscle TAO:0005280 teleost_anatomy renal corpuscle Malpighian corpuscle TAO:0005281 The part of the nephron that filters blood. teleost_anatomy The part of the nephron that filters blood. ZFIN:curator renal capsular space Bowman's space Space between the renal glomerulus and the glomerular capsule. Renal filtrate collects here then passes into the renal tubule. TAO:0005283 inter-glomerular space teleost_anatomy urinary space Space between the renal glomerulus and the glomerular capsule. Renal filtrate collects here then passes into the renal tubule. ZFIN:curator glomerular capillary Capillary that is part of the renal glomerulus. Glomerular capillary endothelial membranes in zebrafish normally have a fenestrated morphology that is visible at the ultrastructural level. TAO:0005284 teleost_anatomy Capillary that is part of the renal glomerulus. Glomerular capillary endothelial membranes in zebrafish normally have a fenestrated morphology that is visible at the ultrastructural level. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-000824-1 ZFIN:curator glomerular basement membrane Membrane between the mesonephric podocytes and the renal glomerular capillaries. It is a trilaminar structure composed of the fused basement membranes of the glomerular capillaries and basement membrane of the podocytes. The capillary membranes touch the GBM at contact points that are separated by pores. The membrane is semi-permeable allowing water and small molecules to pass into the renal capsular space. TAO:0005285 glomerular filtration membrane teleost_anatomy Membrane between the mesonephric podocytes and the renal glomerular capillaries. It is a trilaminar structure composed of the fused basement membranes of the glomerular capillaries and basement membrane of the podocytes. The capillary membranes touch the GBM at contact points that are separated by pores. The membrane is semi-permeable allowing water and small molecules to pass into the renal capsular space. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-000824-1 lamina densa Middle layer of the glomerular basement membrane. TAO:0005286 teleost_anatomy Middle layer of the glomerular basement membrane. ZFIN:curator lamina rara interna Layer of the glomerular basement membrane adjacent to the glomerular capillary. TAO:0005287 teleost_anatomy Layer of the glomerular basement membrane adjacent to the glomerular capillary. ZFIN:curator lamina rara externa Layer of the glomerular basement membrane adjacent to the podocytes and capsular space. TAO:0005288 teleost_anatomy Layer of the glomerular basement membrane adjacent to the podocytes and capsular space. ZFIN:curator renal duct TAO:0005289 teleost_anatomy proximal convoluted tubule Renal tubule that connects to the renal corpuscle. TAO:0005290 teleost_anatomy Renal tubule that connects to the renal corpuscle. ZFIN:curator proximal straight tubule Portion of the renal tubule which is just posterior to the proximal convoluted tubule. TAO:0005291 teleost_anatomy Portion of the renal tubule which is just posterior to the proximal convoluted tubule. ZFIN:curator distal late tubule Portion of the renal tubule which is just posterior to the distal early tubule. TAO:0005292 teleost_anatomy Portion of the renal tubule which is just posterior to the distal early tubule. ZFIN:curator distal early tubule Portion of the renal tubule which is just posterior to the proximal straight tubule. TAO:0005293 teleost_anatomy Portion of the renal tubule which is just posterior to the proximal straight tubule. ZFIN:curator collecting duct Renal duct that collects the output from renal tubules. TAO:0005294 teleost_anatomy Renal duct that collects the output from renal tubules. ZFIN:curator axial blood vessel TAO:0005295 teleost_anatomy cranial blood vessel Blood vessel part of cranial vasculature. TAO:0005297 teleost_anatomy Blood vessel part of cranial vasculature. ZFIN:curator cranial lymph vessel TAO:0005298 teleost_anatomy fin blood vessel TAO:0005299 teleost_anatomy fin lymph vessel TAO:0005300 teleost_anatomy pectoral fin blood vessel TAO:0005301 teleost_anatomy pectoral fin lymph vessel TAO:0005302 teleost_anatomy caudal fin lymph vessel TAO:0005303 teleost_anatomy caudal fin blood vessel TAO:0005304 teleost_anatomy kidney vasculature TAO:0005305 teleost_anatomy kidney blood vessel TAO:0005306 teleost_anatomy pronephric glomerular capillary TAO:0005309 teleost_anatomy pronephric glomerular capsule Bowman's capsule TAO:0005310 teleost_anatomy pronephric glomerular capsule epithelium Simple squamous epithelium that lines the capsule of the pronephric glomerulus. TAO:0005311 pronephric parietal epithelial layer teleost_anatomy Simple squamous epithelium that lines the capsule of the pronephric glomerulus. ZFIN:curator pronephric capsular space Bowman¥s space Space between the renal glomerulus and the glomerular capsule. Renal filtrate collects here then passes into the renal tubule. TAO:0005312 inter-glomerular space teleost_anatomy urinary space Space between the renal glomerulus and the glomerular capsule. Renal filtrate collects here then passes into the renal tubule. ZFIN:curator pronephric glomerular basement membrane TAO:0005313 jpronephric glomerular filtration membrane teleost_anatomy venule Multi-tissue structure part of the blood vasculature formed by the anastomosis of capillaries. Venules carry blood toward the heart. TAO:0005315 teleost_anatomy Multi-tissue structure part of the blood vasculature formed by the anastomosis of capillaries. Venules carry blood toward the heart. ZFIN:curator fin fold pectoral fin bud Fin fold of the pectoral fin bud, resulting from mesenchyme migration into the apical fold. TAO:0005316 fin membrane pectoral fin bud fin-fold pectoral fin bud teleost_anatomy Fin fold of the pectoral fin bud, resulting from mesenchyme migration into the apical fold. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-001101-7 ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-990210-18 pectoral fin fold TAO:0005317 The functional webs of the paired fins. They arise as a consequence of apical fold (AER) expansion and of migration of the distal mesenchyme. The fin folds are delimited by a dorsal and a ventral striated epidermis. The cells of the epidermal basal stratum are positioned on a basement membrane. Directly beneath the basement membrane of each side there is an array of actinotrichs, fibers of the extracellular matrix which act as supportive elements of the larval fin folds. pectoral fin-fold teleost_anatomy The functional webs of the paired fins. They arise as a consequence of apical fold (AER) expansion and of migration of the distal mesenchyme. The fin folds are delimited by a dorsal and a ventral striated epidermis. The cells of the epidermal basal stratum are positioned on a basement membrane. Directly beneath the basement membrane of each side there is an array of actinotrichs, fibers of the extracellular matrix which act as supportive elements of the larval fin folds. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-990210-18 lymph node TAO:0005318 teleost_anatomy intersegmental lymph vessel TAO:0005319 islv teleost_anatomy dorsal longitudinal lymphatic vessel TAO:0005320 dllv teleost_anatomy vascular smooth muscle TAO:0005321 teleost_anatomy renal principal cell A cuboidal epithelial cell of the kidney which regulates sodium and potassium balance. The activity of sodium and potassium channels on the cells apical membrane is regulated by aldosterone and vasopressin. In mammals these cells are located in the renal collecting ducts. CL:0005009 TAO:0005322 teleost_anatomy A cuboidal epithelial cell of the kidney which regulates sodium and potassium balance. The activity of sodium and potassium channels on the cells apical membrane is regulated by aldosterone and vasopressin. In mammals these cells are located in the renal collecting ducts. CL:curator ionocyte CL:0005006 Specialized epithelial cells involved in the maintenance of osmotic homeostasis. They are characterized by abundant mitochondria and ion transporters. In amniotes, they are present in the renal system. In freshwater fish, ionocytes in the skin and gills help maintain osmotic homeostasis by absorbing salt from the external environment. TAO:0005323 teleost_anatomy Specialized epithelial cells involved in the maintenance of osmotic homeostasis. They are characterized by abundant mitochondria and ion transporters. In amniotes, they are present in the renal system. In freshwater fish, ionocytes in the skin and gills help maintain osmotic homeostasis by absorbing salt from the external environment. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070625-18 ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-090310-19 gill ionocyte Ionocyte located in the gills TAO:0005324 teleost_anatomy Ionocyte located in the gills ZFIN:curator integument ionocyte Ionocyte located in the integument during embryonic and larval stages. TAO:0005325 extrabranchial ionocyte skin ionocyte teleost_anatomy Ionocyte located in the integument during embryonic and larval stages. ZFIN:curator NaK ionocyte Integument ionocyte rich in Na,K-ATPase. NaK-MRC NaR cell TAO:0005326 teleost_anatomy Integument ionocyte rich in Na,K-ATPase. ZFIN:curator vH ionocyte HR cell Integument ionocyte rich in vacuolar-type H+ ATPase and carbonic anhydrase TAO:0005327 VH-MRC teleost_anatomy Integument ionocyte rich in vacuolar-type H+ ATPase and carbonic anhydrase ZFIN:curator iridoblast A non-terminally differentiated cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into an iridophore. CL:0005001 TAO:0005328 teleost_anatomy A non-terminally differentiated cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into an iridophore. CL:curator leucoblast A non-terminally differentiated cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into a leucophore CL:0005003 TAO:0005329 teleost_anatomy A non-terminally differentiated cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into a leucophore CL:curator pigment erythroblast A non-terminally differentiated cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into an erythrophore CL:0005004 TAO:0005331 teleost_anatomy A non-terminally differentiated cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into an erythrophore CL:curator cyanoblast A non-terminally differentiated cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into a cyanophore CL:0005005 TAO:0005332 teleost_anatomy A non-terminally differentiated cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into a cyanophore CL:curator tongue TAO:0005333 teleost_anatomy lip epithelium TAO:0005334 The thick, high squamous-stratified epithelium that covers the lips. It contains abundant melanocytes, many mucous cells and has well differentiated taste buds. teleost_anatomy The thick, high squamous-stratified epithelium that covers the lips. It contains abundant melanocytes, many mucous cells and has well differentiated taste buds. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-060921-12 swim bladder bud TAO:0005335 teleost_anatomy presumptive swim bladder TAO:0005336 teleost_anatomy posterior recess Posterior protrusion of the third ventricle. TAO:0005338 posterior recess of diencephalic ventricle teleost_anatomy Posterior protrusion of the third ventricle. ZFIN:curator nucleus of the lateral recess TAO:0005339 teleost_anatomy nucleus of the posterior recess TAO:0005340 teleost_anatomy medial longitudinal catecholaminergic tract TAO:0005341 mlct teleost_anatomy endohypothalamic tract CNS white matter, axonal tract interconnecting catecholaminergic cell groups in the posterior tuberculum and hypothalamus. TAO:0005343 teleost_anatomy CNS white matter, axonal tract interconnecting catecholaminergic cell groups in the posterior tuberculum and hypothalamus. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-091221-28 preopticohypothalamic tract TAO:0005344 teleost_anatomy extrapancreatic duct Portion of the pancreatic duct, external to the pancreas body that connects the pancreas with the hepatopancreatic ampulla. TAO:0005346 teleost_anatomy Portion of the pancreatic duct, external to the pancreas body that connects the pancreas with the hepatopancreatic ampulla. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-050623-3 dorsal fin pterygiophore 2 TAO:0005365 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin pterygiophore 3 TAO:0005366 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin pterygiophore 4 TAO:0005367 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin pterygiophore 5 TAO:0005368 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin pterygiophore 6 TAO:0005369 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin pterygiophore 7 TAO:0005370 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin pterygiophore 8 TAO:0005371 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin distal radial 1 TAO:0005372 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin distal radial 2 TAO:0005373 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin distal radial 3 TAO:0005374 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin distal radial 4 TAO:0005375 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin distal radial 5 TAO:0005376 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin distal radial 6 TAO:0005377 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin distal radial 7 TAO:0005378 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin distal radial 8 TAO:0005379 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin proximal radial 3 TAO:0005380 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin proximal radial 4 TAO:0005381 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin proximal radial 5 TAO:0005382 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin proximal radial 6 TAO:0005383 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin proximal radial 7 TAO:0005384 teleost_anatomy dorsal fin proximal radial 8 TAO:0005385 teleost_anatomy pars superior ear TAO:0005409 The dorsal part of the ear. Comprises the three semicircular canals, which connect to the utricle. teleost_anatomy The dorsal part of the ear. Comprises the three semicircular canals, which connect to the utricle. ZFIN:curator pars inferior ear TAO:0005410 The ventral portion of the ear. It contains the saccule and the laguena which are the primary auditory organs. teleost_anatomy The ventral portion of the ear. It contains the saccule and the laguena which are the primary auditory organs. ZFIN:curator common crus TAO:0005411 teleost_anatomy transverse canal Duct that crosses the midline connecting the sacculi. TAO:0005412 teleost_anatomy Duct that crosses the midline connecting the sacculi. ZFIN:curator perilymph TAO:0005413 teleost_anatomy endolymph TAO:0005414 teleost_anatomy inner ear foramen Foramen in the inner ear. TAO:0005415 teleost_anatomy Foramen in the inner ear. ZFIN:curator sacculoagenar foramen TAO:0005416 teleost_anatomy serous membrane A multi-tissue structure that is comprised of a secretory epithelial layer and a connective tissue layer. TAO:0005425 teleost_anatomy A multi-tissue structure that is comprised of a secretory epithelial layer and a connective tissue layer. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serous_membrane intermediate hypothalamus Brain structure that lies perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the embryonic neural tube, is continuous with the rostral hypothalamic proliferation and whose most lateral extent is deflected dorsally within the inferior lobe. TAO:0006000 teleost_anatomy Brain structure that lies perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the embryonic neural tube, is continuous with the rostral hypothalamic proliferation and whose most lateral extent is deflected dorsally within the inferior lobe. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-001018-1 ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-020730-6 ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-081114-19 macula saccule TAO:0007000 saccular macula teleost_anatomy dorso-rostral cluster Early-forming telencephalic neural cluster. Neurons of the dorso-rostral cluster (drc) extend axons to form the supra-optic tract (SOT) and the anterior commissure (AC). Ross et al., 1992. TAO:0007001 dorsorostral cluster drc teleost_anatomy Early-forming telencephalic neural cluster. Neurons of the dorso-rostral cluster (drc) extend axons to form the supra-optic tract (SOT) and the anterior commissure (AC). Ross et al., 1992. ZFIN:curator ventro-rostral cluster Early-forming neural cluster located in the rostral diencephalon. At 19 h, axons arising from the vrc grow caudally to pioneer the tract of the postoptic commissure (TPOC). Ross et al., 1992. TAO:0007002 teleost_anatomy ventrorostral cluster vrc Early-forming neural cluster located in the rostral diencephalon. At 19 h, axons arising from the vrc grow caudally to pioneer the tract of the postoptic commissure (TPOC). Ross et al., 1992. ZFIN:curator ventro-caudal cluster Early-forming neural cluster of the ventral midbrain. At 16 h, axons of the vcc grow caudally to pioneer the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF), which is part of the larger ventral longitudinal tract (VLT). Later, neurons from this cluster project axons rostrally into the tract of the post-optic commissure (TPOC). Ross et al., 1992. TAO:0007003 teleost_anatomy vcc ventrocaudal cluster Early-forming neural cluster of the ventral midbrain. At 16 h, axons of the vcc grow caudally to pioneer the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF), which is part of the larger ventral longitudinal tract (VLT). Later, neurons from this cluster project axons rostrally into the tract of the post-optic commissure (TPOC). Ross et al., 1992. ZFIN:curator epiphysial cluster Early-developing neuronal cluster of the epiphysis. By 24 hpf the pioneer axon of the dorsoventral diencephalic tract (DVDT) has arisen from the ec and grown ventrally. As this axon encounters axons of the TPOC, it makes a near-90 rostral turn and grows rostrally among axons of the TPOC growing in the opposite direction. Ross et al., 1992. TAO:0007004 ec teleost_anatomy Early-developing neuronal cluster of the epiphysis. By 24 hpf the pioneer axon of the dorsoventral diencephalic tract (DVDT) has arisen from the ec and grown ventrally. As this axon encounters axons of the TPOC, it makes a near-90 rostral turn and grows rostrally among axons of the TPOC growing in the opposite direction. Ross et al., 1992. ZFIN:curator hemal prezygapophysis Hemal prezygapophyses are paired, anteromedially directed processes arising from the bases of hemal arches, ligamentously joined to the hemal postzygapophyses of the preceding vertebra. Posterior caudal vertebrae close to the caudal fin lack hemal prezygopophyses. TAO:0001380 TAO:0007005 haemal prezygapophysis hemal prezygopophysis teleost_anatomy Hemal prezygapophyses are paired, anteromedially directed processes arising from the bases of hemal arches, ligamentously joined to the hemal postzygapophyses of the preceding vertebra. Posterior caudal vertebrae close to the caudal fin lack hemal prezygopophyses. ZFIN:curator lip Surface structure that is one of the two fleshy folds surrounding the opening of the mouth. TAO:0007006 lips teleost_anatomy Surface structure that is one of the two fleshy folds surrounding the opening of the mouth. ZFIN:curator http:www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=9458 lips pallium TAO:0007007 The mantle of gray matter forming the cerebral cortex. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/pallium teleost_anatomy The mantle of gray matter forming the cerebral cortex. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/pallium ZFIN:curator ventral intermandibularis anterior TAO:0007008 teleost_anatomy ventral intermandibulari anterior ventral intermandibulari anterior nerve A portion of tissue which is a fasiculated group of axons. TAO:0007009 nerves teleost_anatomy A portion of tissue which is a fasiculated group of axons. ZFIN:curator nerves eminentia thalami Part of the forebrain that is ventral to the ventral thalamus and dorsal to the preoptic area. See page 44 of the Atlas of Early Zebrafish Brain Development. TAO:0007010 teleost_anatomy Part of the forebrain that is ventral to the ventral thalamus and dorsal to the preoptic area. See page 44 of the Atlas of Early Zebrafish Brain Development. ZFIN:curator vagal root Part of cranial nerve X. TAO:0007011 rX teleost_anatomy vagus root Part of cranial nerve X. ZFIN:curator lateral forebrain bundle TAO:0007012 teleost_anatomy preplacodal ectoderm Non neural ectoderm that surrounds the presumptive neural plate and gives rise to neurogenic placodes. TAO:0007013 teleost_anatomy Non neural ectoderm that surrounds the presumptive neural plate and gives rise to neurogenic placodes. ZFIN:curator anterior presumptive neural plate TAO:0007014 teleost_anatomy posterior presumptive neural plate TAO:0007015 teleost_anatomy anterior neural plate TAO:0007016 teleost_anatomy posterior neural plate TAO:0007017 teleost_anatomy forebrain neural plate TAO:0007018 teleost_anatomy midbrain neural plate TAO:0007019 teleost_anatomy forebrain midbrain boundary neural plate TAO:0007020 teleost_anatomy spinal cord neural plate TAO:0007021 teleost_anatomy hindbrain neural plate TAO:0007022 teleost_anatomy posterior neural keel TAO:0007023 teleost_anatomy anterior neural keel TAO:0007024 teleost_anatomy midbrain neural keel TAO:0007025 teleost_anatomy forebrain neural keel TAO:0007026 teleost_anatomy forebrain midbrain boundary neural keel TAO:0007027 teleost_anatomy spinal cord neural keel TAO:0007028 teleost_anatomy hindbrain neural keel TAO:0007029 teleost_anatomy posterior neural rod TAO:0007030 teleost_anatomy anterior neural rod TAO:0007031 teleost_anatomy midbrain neural rod TAO:0007032 teleost_anatomy forebrain midbrain boundary neural rod TAO:0007033 teleost_anatomy forebrain neural rod TAO:0007034 teleost_anatomy spinal cord neural rod TAO:0007035 teleost_anatomy hindbrain neural rod TAO:0007036 teleost_anatomy posterior neural tube TAO:0007037 teleost_anatomy anterior neural tube TAO:0007038 teleost_anatomy midbrain neural tube TAO:0007039 teleost_anatomy forebrain midbrain boundary neural tube TAO:0007040 teleost_anatomy forebrain neural tube TAO:0007041 teleost_anatomy spinal cord neural tube TAO:0007042 teleost_anatomy hindbrain neural tube TAO:0007043 teleost_anatomy midbrain hindbrain boundary neural plate TAO:0007044 teleost_anatomy midbrain hindbrain boundary neural keel TAO:0007045 teleost_anatomy midbrain hindbrain boundary neural rod TAO:0007046 teleost_anatomy midbrain hindbrain boundary neural tube TAO:0007047 teleost_anatomy ventral intermandibularis posterior TAO:0007048 teleost_anatomy ventral intermandibulari posterior ventral intermandibulari posterior adductor mandibulae TAO:0007049 dorsal adductor mandibulae teleost_anatomy constrictor dorsalis TAO:0007050 teleost_anatomy ventral interhyoideus TAO:0007051 teleost_anatomy ventral interhyoidei ventral interhyoidei hyohyoideus Is a hyoid muscle that inserts at the most anterior basibranchial and also at the posterior ends of the ceratohyals and functions in jaw closure. TAO:0007052 hyohyoidei teleost_anatomy hyohyoidei Is a hyoid muscle that inserts at the most anterior basibranchial and also at the posterior ends of the ceratohyals and functions in jaw closure. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-020703-2 dorsal adductor hyomandibulae Is a hyoid muscle that attaches to the dorsomedial faces of the hyosymplectics. TAO:0007053 teleost_anatomy Is a hyoid muscle that attaches to the dorsomedial faces of the hyosymplectics. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-020703-2 pillar of the anterior semicircular canal TAO:0007054 anterior hub of the semicircular canal anterior pillar anterior pillar of the semicircular canal horizontal hub teleost_anatomy pillar of the lateral semicircular canal TAO:0007055 lateral hub of the semicircular canal teleost_anatomy ventral bar ventral pillar ventral piller of the semicircular canal ocular blood vessel TAO:0007057 eye vasculature ocular vasculature optic vasculature teleost_anatomy roof plate Multi-tissue structure that is the dorsal-most aspect of the devleloping neural tube. TAO:0007058 teleost_anatomy Multi-tissue structure that is the dorsal-most aspect of the devleloping neural tube. ZFIN:curator neurogenic field TAO:0007059 teleost_anatomy dorsolateral field TAO:0007060 teleost_anatomy epibranchial field TAO:0007061 teleost_anatomy olfactory field TAO:0007062 olfactory fields teleost_anatomy olfactory fields neural crest hindbrain Cranial neural crest that is part of the hindbrain. TAO:0007063 rhombencephalic neural crest teleost_anatomy Cranial neural crest that is part of the hindbrain. ZFIN:curator mandibular neural crest TAO:0007064 teleost_anatomy hyoid neural crest Cranial neural crest that migrates into the hyoid arch. TAO:0007065 teleost_anatomy Cranial neural crest that migrates into the hyoid arch. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-061108-6 glossopharyngeal neural crest Cranial neural crest which gives rise to the glossopharyngeal ganglion. TAO:0007066 teleost_anatomy Cranial neural crest which gives rise to the glossopharyngeal ganglion. ZFIN:curator vagal ganglion TAO:0007067 gX teleost_anatomy cell CARO:0000013 CARO:0000013 CL:0000000 Minute protoplasmic masses that make up organized tissue, usually consisting of a nucleus which is surrounded by protoplasm which contains the various organelles and is enclosed in the cell or plasma membrane. Cells are the fundamental, structural, and functional units of living organisms. TAO:0009000 teleost_anatomy true CL:curator Minute protoplasmic masses that make up organized tissue, usually consisting of a nucleus which is surrounded by protoplasm which contains the various organelles and is enclosed in the cell or plasma membrane. Cells are the fundamental, structural, and functional units of living organisms. receptor cell (sensu Animalia) CL:0000006 TAO:0009001 teleost_anatomy early embryonic cell CL:0000007 TAO:0009002 teleost_anatomy cranial neural crest cell CL:0000008 CL:0000008 TAO:0009003 teleost_anatomy true trunk neural crest cell CL:0000011 TAO:0009004 teleost_anatomy spermatocyte A male germ cell that develops from spermatogonia. The euploid primary spermatocytes undergo meiosis and give rise to the haploid secondary spermatocytes which in turn give rise to spermatids. CL:0000017 TAO:0009005 teleost_anatomy A male germ cell that develops from spermatogonia. The euploid primary spermatocytes undergo meiosis and give rise to the haploid secondary spermatocytes which in turn give rise to spermatids. CL:curator sperm A mature male germ cell that develops from a spermatid. CL:0000019 TAO:0009006 sperm cell spermatozoid spermatozoon teleost_anatomy A mature male germ cell that develops from a spermatid. CL:curator spermatogonium An euploid male germ cell of an early stage of spermatogenesis. CL:0000020 TAO:0009007 teleost_anatomy An euploid male germ cell of an early stage of spermatogenesis. CL:curator egg CL:0000025 TAO:0009008 eggs ovum teleost_anatomy eggs neuron neural crest derived CL:0000029 TAO:0009009 teleost_anatomy glioblast CL:0000030 TAO:0009010 teleost_anatomy neuroblast CL:0000031 TAO:0009011 teleost_anatomy neuroplacodal cell CL:0000032 TAO:0009012 teleost_anatomy single fate stem cell CL:0000035 TAO:0009013 teleost_anatomy hematopoietic stem cell A stem cell from which all cells of the lymphoid and myeloid lineages develop, including blood cells and cells of the immune system. CL:0000037 HSC TAO:0009014 colony forming unit hematopoietic hematopoietic progenitor cell hemopoietic progenitor cell hemopoietic stem cell teleost_anatomy A stem cell from which all cells of the lymphoid and myeloid lineages develop, including blood cells and cells of the immune system. CL:curator erythroid progenitor cell A progenitor cell committed to the erythroid lineage. BFU-E CFU-E CL:0000038 TAO:0009015 blast forming unit erythroid burst forming unit erythroid colony forming unit erythroid erythroid stem cell teleost_anatomy A progenitor cell committed to the erythroid lineage. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-1 germ line cell CL:0000039 TAO:0009016 teleost_anatomy monoblast A progenitor cell committed to the monocyte lineage. http://www.copewithcytokines.de CFU-M CL:0000040 TAO:0009017 colony forming unit macrophage monocyte stem cell teleost_anatomy A progenitor cell committed to the monocyte lineage. http://www.copewithcytokines.de CL:curator neutrophilic myeloblast A myeloblast committed to the neutrophil lineage. A myeloblast is the most primitive precursor in the granulocytic series, having fine, evenly distributed chromatin, several nucleoli, and a nongranular basophilic cytoplasm. CL:0000042 TAO:0009018 myeloblast neutrophilic granuloblast teleost_anatomy A myeloblast committed to the neutrophil lineage. A myeloblast is the most primitive precursor in the granulocytic series, having fine, evenly distributed chromatin, several nucleoli, and a nongranular basophilic cytoplasm. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-1 neuronal stem cell CL:0000047 TAO:0009019 teleost_anatomy multi fate stem cell A stem cell that can give rise to mulitple lineages of cells. CL:0000048 TAO:0009020 multipotent stem cell teleost_anatomy A stem cell that can give rise to mulitple lineages of cells. CL:curator common myeloid progenitor A progenitor cell committed to myeloid lineage, including the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages. CFU-S CL:0000049 CMP TAO:0009021 cfu-gemm colony forming unit granulocyte, erythrocyte, macrophage, and megakaryocyte multipotential myeloid stem cell myeloid stem cell pluripotent stem cell (bone marrow) teleost_anatomy ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-2 myeloid stem cell ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-2 cfu-gemm CMP ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-2 ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-2 colony forming unit granulocyte, erythrocyte, macrophage, and megakaryocyte ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-2 pluripotent stem cell (bone marrow) A progenitor cell committed to myeloid lineage, including the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-2 ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-2 multipotential myeloid stem cell CFU-S ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-2 megakaryocyte erythroid progenitor cell A progenitor cell committed to the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages. CFU-EM CL:0000050 MEP TAO:0009022 colony forming unit erythroid megakaryocyte teleost_anatomy A progenitor cell committed to the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages. CL:curator common lymphocyte progenitor A progenitor cell committed to the lymphoid lineage. CL:0000051 CLP ELP TAO:0009023 committed lymphopoietic stem cell early lymphocyte progenitor lymphoblast lymphoid stem cell lymphopoietic stem cell teleost_anatomy A progenitor cell committed to the lymphoid lineage. CL:curator totipotent stem cell A stem cell from which all cells of the body can form. CL:0000052 TAO:0009024 teleost_anatomy A stem cell from which all cells of the body can form. CL:curator myoblast An embryonic (precursor) cell of the myogenic lineage that develops from the mesoderm. They undergo proliferation, migrate to their various sites, and then differentiate into the appropriate form of myocytes. CL:0000056 TAO:0009025 teleost_anatomy An embryonic (precursor) cell of the myogenic lineage that develops from the mesoderm. They undergo proliferation, migrate to their various sites, and then differentiate into the appropriate form of myocytes. CL:curator fibroblast A connective tissue cell which secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules. CL:0000057 TAO:0009026 teleost_anatomy A connective tissue cell which secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules. CL:curator chondroblast CL:0000058 CL:0000058 TAO:0009027 teleost_anatomy true ameloblast A cylindrical epithelial cell in the innermost layer of the enamal organ. Their functions include contribution to the development of the dentinoenamel junction by the deposition of a layer of the matrix, thus producing the foundation for the prisms (the structural units of the dental enamal), and production of the matrix for the enamel prisms and interprismatic substance. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992). CL:0000059 CL:0000059 TAO:0009028 teleost_anatomy true A cylindrical epithelial cell in the innermost layer of the enamal organ. Their functions include contribution to the development of the dentinoenamel junction by the deposition of a layer of the matrix, thus producing the foundation for the prisms (the structural units of the dental enamal), and production of the matrix for the enamel prisms and interprismatic substance. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992). CL:curator odontoblast CL:0000060 CL:0000060 TAO:0009029 teleost_anatomy true cementoblast CL:0000061 CL:0000061 TAO:0009030 teleost_anatomy true osteoblast A bone-forming cell which secretes an extracellular matrix. Hydroxyapatite crystals are then deposited into the matrix to form bone. CL:0000062 CL:0000062 TAO:0009031 teleost_anatomy true A bone-forming cell which secretes an extracellular matrix. Hydroxyapatite crystals are then deposited into the matrix to form bone. CL:curator ciliated cell CL:0000064 TAO:0009032 teleost_anatomy ependymal cell A neurectoderm derived cell that lines the neural lumen. CL:0000065 TAO:0009033 ependymocyte teleost_anatomy A neurectoderm derived cell that lines the neural lumen. CL:curator epithelial cell A cell that is usually found in a two-dimensional sheet with a free surface. CARO:0000077 CL:0000066 TAO:0009034 teleost_anatomy true A cell that is usually found in a two-dimensional sheet with a free surface. CL:curator ciliated epithelial cell CL:0000067 TAO:0009035 teleost_anatomy blood vessel endothelial cell CL:0000071 TAO:0009036 teleost_anatomy barrier epithelial cell CL:0000073 TAO:0009037 teleost_anatomy columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell CL:0000075 TAO:0009038 teleost_anatomy squamous epithelial cell CL:0000076 TAO:0009039 teleost_anatomy mesothelial cell CL:0000077 TAO:0009040 teleost_anatomy peridermal cell CL:0000078 TAO:0009041 teleost_anatomy stratified epithelial cell CL:0000079 TAO:0009042 teleost_anatomy circulating cell A cell which moves among different tissues of the body, via blood, lymph, or other medium. CL:0000080 TAO:0009043 teleost_anatomy A cell which moves among different tissues of the body, via blood, lymph, or other medium. CL:curator blood cell A cell found predominately in the blood. CL:0000081 TAO:0009044 teleost_anatomy A cell found predominately in the blood. CL:curator epithelial cell of pancreas CL:0000083 TAO:0009045 teleost_anatomy T cell A type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex. CL:0000084 T lymphocyte T-cell T-lymphocyte TAO:0009046 teleost_anatomy A type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-3 osteoclast A specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of bone. CL:0000092 Osteoclasts develop directly from monocytes. TAO:0009047 chondroclast teleost_anatomy A specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of bone. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-3 granulocyte A leukocyte with abundant granules in the cytoplasm. CL:0000094 TAO:0009048 teleost_anatomy A leukocyte with abundant granules in the cytoplasm. CL:curator mature neutrophil A fully differentiated neutrophil, a granular leukocyte having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes. CL:0000096 PMN TAO:0009049 mature neutrocyte mature neutrophil leucocyte mature neutrophil leukocyte mature neutrophilic leucocyte mature neutrophilic leukocyte neutrophil poly polymorphonuclear leucocyte polymorphonuclear leukocyte polymorphonuclear neutrophil polynuclear neutrophilic leucocyte polynuclear neutrophilic leukocyte teleost_anatomy A fully differentiated neutrophil, a granular leukocyte having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes. CL:curator sensory epithelial cell CL:0000098 TAO:0009050 teleost_anatomy interneuron CL:0000099 Most generally any neuron which is not motor or sensory. Interneurons may also refer to neurons whose axons remain within a particular brain region as contrasted with projection neurons which have axons projecting to other brain regions. TAO:0009051 teleost_anatomy CL:curator Most generally any neuron which is not motor or sensory. Interneurons may also refer to neurons whose axons remain within a particular brain region as contrasted with projection neurons which have axons projecting to other brain regions. motor neuron A neuron which activate muscle cells. CL:0000100 TAO:0009052 efferent neuron motoneuron teleost_anatomy A neuron which activate muscle cells. CL:curator sensory neuron CL:0000101 TAO:0000432 TAO:0009053 teleost_anatomy polymodal neuron CL:0000102 TAO:0009054 teleost_anatomy bipolar neuron A type of interneuron that has two neurites, usually an axon and a dendrite, extending from opposite poles of an ovoid cell body. CL:0000103 TAO:0009055 teleost_anatomy A type of interneuron that has two neurites, usually an axon and a dendrite, extending from opposite poles of an ovoid cell body. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-4 multipolar neuron CL:0000104 TAO:0009056 teleost_anatomy pseudounipolar neuron CL:0000105 TAO:0009057 teleost_anatomy unipolar neuron CL:0000106 TAO:0009058 teleost_anatomy autonomic neuron CL:0000107 TAO:0009059 teleost_anatomy cholinergic neuron CL:0000108 TAO:0009060 teleost_anatomy adrenergic neuron CL:0000109 TAO:0009061 teleost_anatomy peptidergic neuron CL:0000110 TAO:0009062 teleost_anatomy peripheral neuron CL:0000111 TAO:0009063 teleost_anatomy mononuclear phagocyte A vertebrate phagocyte with a single nucleus. CL:0000113 TAO:0009064 teleost_anatomy A vertebrate phagocyte with a single nucleus. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-3 endothelial cell CL:0000115 TAO:0009065 teleost_anatomy pioneer neuron CL:0000116 TAO:0000409 TAO:0009066 teleost_anatomy CNS neuron (sensu Vertebrata) CL:0000117 TAO:0009067 teleost_anatomy basket cell CL:0000118 TAO:0009068 teleost_anatomy Golgi cell CL:0000119 TAO:0009069 teleost_anatomy granule cell CL:0000120 TAO:0009070 teleost_anatomy Purkinje cell CL:0000121 TAO:0009071 The output neuron of the cerebellar cortex. teleost_anatomy CL:curator The output neuron of the cerebellar cortex. stellate cell CL:0000122 TAO:0009072 teleost_anatomy glial cell A non-neuronal cell of the nervous system. They not only provide physical support, but also respond to injury, regulate the ionic and chemical composition of the extracellular milieu. Guide neuronal migration during development, and exchange metabolites with neurons. CL:0000125 TAO:0000025 TAO:0009073 neuroglia teleost_anatomy A non-neuronal cell of the nervous system. They not only provide physical support, but also respond to injury, regulate the ionic and chemical composition of the extracellular milieu. Guide neuronal migration during development, and exchange metabolites with neurons. CL:curator macroglial cell CL:0000126 TAO:0009074 teleost_anatomy astrocyte A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord. Astrocytes (from 'star' cells) are irregularly shaped with many long processes, including those with 'end feet' which form the glial (limiting) membrane and directly and indirectly contribute to the blood-brain barrier. They regulate the extracellular ionic and chemical environment, and 'reactive astrocytes' (along with microglia) respond to injury. CL:0000127 TAO:0009075 teleost_anatomy A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord. Astrocytes (from 'star' cells) are irregularly shaped with many long processes, including those with 'end feet' which form the glial (limiting) membrane and directly and indirectly contribute to the blood-brain barrier. They regulate the extracellular ionic and chemical environment, and 'reactive astrocytes' (along with microglia) respond to injury. CL:curator oligodendrocyte A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system. Form the insulating myelin sheath of axons in the central nervous system. CL:0000128 TAO:0009076 oligodendroglia teleost_anatomy A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system. Form the insulating myelin sheath of axons in the central nervous system. CL:curator microglial cell A small, migratory, phagocytic, interstitial cell of hematopoietic origin found in the central nervous system. Microglial cells are of various forms and may have slender branched processes. CL:0000129 TAO:0009077 microglia teleost_anatomy A small, migratory, phagocytic, interstitial cell of hematopoietic origin found in the central nervous system. Microglial cells are of various forms and may have slender branched processes. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-1 gut endothelial cell CL:0000131 TAO:0009078 teleost_anatomy corneal endothelial cell CL:0000132 Cell of the single layer of large flattened cells covering the surface of the cornea. TAO:0009079 teleost_anatomy CL:curator Cell of the single layer of large flattened cells covering the surface of the cornea. neurectodermal cell CL:0000133 TAO:0009080 neurectoderm cell teleost_anatomy mesenchymal cell A cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets. CL:0000134 CL:0000134 TAO:0009081 teleost_anatomy true A cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets. CL:curator fat cell A fat-storing cell found mostly in the abdominal cavity and subcutaneous tissue of mammals. Fat is usually stored in the form of tryglycerides. CL:0000136 TAO:0009082 adipocyte lipocyte teleost_anatomy A fat-storing cell found mostly in the abdominal cavity and subcutaneous tissue of mammals. Fat is usually stored in the form of tryglycerides. CL:curator osteocyte A mature osteoblast that has become embedded in the bone matrix. They occupy a small cavity, called lacuna, in the matrix and are connected to adjacent osteocytes via protoplasmic projections called canaliculi. CL:0000137 CL:0000137 TAO:0009083 teleost_anatomy true A mature osteoblast that has become embedded in the bone matrix. They occupy a small cavity, called lacuna, in the matrix and are connected to adjacent osteocytes via protoplasmic projections called canaliculi. CL:curator chondrocyte CL:0000138 CL:0000138 Polymorphic cell that form cartilage. TAO:0009084 teleost_anatomy true CL:curator Polymorphic cell that form cartilage. amelocyte CL:0000059 CL:0000139 TAO:0009085 teleost_anatomy true odontocyte CL:0000140 CL:0000140 TAO:0009086 teleost_anatomy true cementocyte CL:0000141 CL:0000141 TAO:0009087 teleost_anatomy true professional antigen presenting cell A cell capable of processing and presenting lipid and protein antigens to T cells in order to initiate an immune response. APC CL:0000145 Note change of name; nearly all somatic cells can present antigens to T cells via MHC Class I complexes leading to effector responses, but professional antigen presenting cells constituitively express MHC Class II as well as constimulatory molecules, and thus can initiate immune responses via T cells. TAO:0009088 teleost_anatomy A cell capable of processing and presenting lipid and protein antigens to T cells in order to initiate an immune response. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-3 simple columnar epithelial cell CL:0000146 TAO:0009089 teleost_anatomy pigment cell CL:0000147 TAO:0000057 TAO:0009090 chromatocyte chromatophore chromatophores teleost_anatomy chromatophores melanocyte A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains melanin-filled pigment granules, which gives a brown to black appearance. CL:0000148 TAO:0001091 TAO:0009091 melanophore melanophores teleost_anatomy melanophores A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains melanin-filled pigment granules, which gives a brown to black appearance. CL:curator exocrine cell A cell of an exocrine gland, i.e. a gland that discharges its secretion via a duct. CL:0000152 TAO:0009092 teleost_anatomy A cell of an exocrine gland, i.e. a gland that discharges its secretion via a duct. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-5 GAG secreting cell CL:0000153 TAO:0009093 hyaluronic acid secreting cell teleost_anatomy goblet cell A cell of the epithelial lining that produce and secrete mucins. CL:0000160 TAO:0009094 chalice cell teleost_anatomy A cell of the epithelial lining that produce and secrete mucins. CL:curator acid secreting cell CL:0000161 TAO:0009095 teleost_anatomy endocrine cell A cell of an endocrine gland, ductless glands that secrete substances which are released directly into the circulation and which influence metabolism and other body functions. CL:0000163 TAO:0009096 teleost_anatomy A cell of an endocrine gland, ductless glands that secrete substances which are released directly into the circulation and which influence metabolism and other body functions. CL:curator enteroendocrine cell CL:0000164 TAO:0009097 teleost_anatomy neuroendocrine cell A neuron that has the specialized function to produce and secrete hormones, and that constitutes, in whole or in part, an endocrine organ or system. CL:0000165 TAO:0009098 neurosecretory cell teleost_anatomy A neuron that has the specialized function to produce and secrete hormones, and that constitutes, in whole or in part, an endocrine organ or system. CL:curator chromaffin cell A cell that stores epinephrine secretory vesicles. During times of stress, the nervous system signals the vesicles to secrete their hormonal content. Their name derives from their ability to stain a brownish color with chromic salts. Characteristically, they are located in the adrenal medulla and paraganglia of the sympathetic nervous system. CL:0000166 TAO:0009099 phaeochromocyte teleost_anatomy A cell that stores epinephrine secretory vesicles. During times of stress, the nervous system signals the vesicles to secrete their hormonal content. Their name derives from their ability to stain a brownish color with chromic salts. Characteristically, they are located in the adrenal medulla and paraganglia of the sympathetic nervous system. CL:curator peptide hormone secreting cell CL:0000167 TAO:0009100 teleost_anatomy insulin secreting cell CL:0000168 TAO:0009101 teleost_anatomy pancreatic B cell CL:0000169 TAO:0009102 beta cell teleost_anatomy glucagon secreting cell CL:0000170 TAO:0009103 teleost_anatomy pancreatic A cell CL:0000171 TAO:0009104 alpha cell teleost_anatomy somatostatin secreting cell CL:0000172 TAO:0009105 teleost_anatomy steroid hormone secreting cell CL:0000174 TAO:0009106 teleost_anatomy testosterone secreting cell CL:0000177 TAO:0009107 teleost_anatomy Leydig cell CL:0000178 TAO:0009108 interstitial cell teleost_anatomy progesterone secreting cell CL:0000179 TAO:0009109 teleost_anatomy estradiol secreting cell CL:0000180 TAO:0009110 teleost_anatomy hepatocyte CL:0000182 TAO:0009111 The main structural component of the liver. They are specialized epithelial cells that are organized into interconnected plates called lobules. teleost_anatomy CL:curator The main structural component of the liver. They are specialized epithelial cells that are organized into interconnected plates called lobules. pericyte A slender, contractile, mesenchymal-like cell found in close association with capillary walls. They are relatively undifferentiated and may become fibroblasts, macrophages, or smooth muscle cells. (From Stedman, 26th ed). CL:0000184 TAO:0009112 teleost_anatomy A slender, contractile, mesenchymal-like cell found in close association with capillary walls. They are relatively undifferentiated and may become fibroblasts, macrophages, or smooth muscle cells. (From Stedman, 26th ed). CL:curator myoepithelial cell CL:0000185 TAO:0009113 teleost_anatomy muscle cell A mature contractile cell, commonly known as a myocyte, that forms one of three kinds of muscle. CL:0000187 TAO:0009114 myocyte teleost_anatomy A mature contractile cell, commonly known as a myocyte, that forms one of three kinds of muscle. CL:curator skeletal muscle cell CL:0000188 TAO:0009115 striated muscle cell teleost_anatomy slow muscle cell CL:0000189 TAO:0001087 TAO:0009116 red muscle cell teleost_anatomy fast muscle cell CL:0000190 TAO:0001088 TAO:0009117 teleost_anatomy white muscle cell smooth muscle cell A non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped cell found lining the digestive tract, uterus, and blood vessels. They develop from specialized myoblasts (smooth muscle myoblast). CL:0000192 TAO:0009118 non-striated muscle cell teleost_anatomy A non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped cell found lining the digestive tract, uterus, and blood vessels. They develop from specialized myoblasts (smooth muscle myoblast). CL:curator pain receptor cell CL:0000198 TAO:0009119 The peripheral receptor for pain. Includes receptors which are sensitive to painful mechanical stimuli, extreme heat or cold, and chemical stimuli. All mammalian nociceptors are free nerve endings. nociceptor nocireceptor teleost_anatomy CL:curator The peripheral receptor for pain. Includes receptors which are sensitive to painful mechanical stimuli, extreme heat or cold, and chemical stimuli. All mammalian nociceptors are free nerve endings. mechanoreceptor cell A cell specialized to transduce mechanical stimuli and relay that information centrally in the nervous system. CL:0000199 TAO:0009120 teleost_anatomy A cell specialized to transduce mechanical stimuli and relay that information centrally in the nervous system. CL:curator auditory receptor cell CL:0000201 TAO:0009121 teleost_anatomy thermoreceptor cell A cellular receptor which mediates the sense of temperature. Thermoreceptors in vertebrates are mostly located under the skin. In mammals there are separate types of thermoreceptors for cold and for warmth and pain receptor cells which detect cold or heat extreme enough to cause pain. CL:0000205 TAO:0009123 teleost_anatomy A cellular receptor which mediates the sense of temperature. Thermoreceptors in vertebrates are mostly located under the skin. In mammals there are separate types of thermoreceptors for cold and for warmth and pain receptor cells which detect cold or heat extreme enough to cause pain. CL:curator chemoreceptor cell A cell specialized to detect chemical substances and relay that information centrally in the nervous system. Chemoreceptors may monitor external stimuli, as in taste and olfaction, or internal stimuli, such as the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. CL:0000206 TAO:0009124 teleost_anatomy A cell specialized to detect chemical substances and relay that information centrally in the nervous system. Chemoreceptors may monitor external stimuli, as in taste and olfaction, or internal stimuli, such as the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. CL:curator olfactory receptor cell CL:0000207 Schultze's cell TAO:0009125 olfactory receptor neuron olfactory sensory neuron teleost_anatomy taste receptor cell CL:0000209 TAO:0009126 teleost_anatomy photoreceptor cell A cell specialized to detect and transduce light. CL:0000210 TAO:0009127 teleost_anatomy A cell specialized to detect and transduce light. CL:curator electrically active cell A cell whose function is determined by the generation or the reception of an electric signal. CL:0000211 TAO:0009128 teleost_anatomy A cell whose function is determined by the generation or the reception of an electric signal. CL:curator absorptive cell A cell that takes up stuff and metabolises it. CL:0000212 TAO:0009129 teleost_anatomy A cell that takes up stuff and metabolises it. CL:curator lining cell A cell within an epithelial cell sheet whose main function is to act as an internal or external covering for a tissue or an organism. CL:0000213 TAO:0009130 boundary cell teleost_anatomy A cell within an epithelial cell sheet whose main function is to act as an internal or external covering for a tissue or an organism. CL:curator synovial cell CL:0000214 TAO:0009131 teleost_anatomy barrier cell A cell whose primary function is to prevent the transport of stuff across compartments. CL:0000215 TAO:0009132 teleost_anatomy A cell whose primary function is to prevent the transport of stuff across compartments. CL:curator Sertoli cell A supporting cell projecting inward from the basement membrane of seminiferous tubules. They surround and nourish the developing male germ cells and secrete androgen binding protein. Their tight junctions with the spermatogonia and spermatocytes provide a blood-testis barrier. CL:0000216 TAO:0009133 teleost_anatomy A supporting cell projecting inward from the basement membrane of seminiferous tubules. They surround and nourish the developing male germ cells and secrete androgen binding protein. Their tight junctions with the spermatogonia and spermatocytes provide a blood-testis barrier. CL:curator insulating cell CL:0000217 TAO:0009134 teleost_anatomy Schwann cell A neuroglial cell of the peripheral nervous system which forms the insulating myelin sheaths of peripheral axons. CL:0000218 TAO:0009135 teleost_anatomy A neuroglial cell of the peripheral nervous system which forms the insulating myelin sheaths of peripheral axons. CL:curator motile cell A cell that moves by its own activities. CL:0000219 TAO:0009136 teleost_anatomy A cell that moves by its own activities. CL:curator ectodermal cell A cell of the outer of the three germ layers of the embryo. CL:0000221 TAO:0009137 ectoderm cell teleost_anatomy A cell of the outer of the three germ layers of the embryo. CL:curator mesodermal cell A cell of the middle germ layer of the embryo. CL:0000222 CL:0000222 TAO:0009138 mesoblast mesoderm cell teleost_anatomy true A cell of the middle germ layer of the embryo. CL:curator endodermal cell A cell of the inner of the three germ layers of the embryo. CL:0000223 TAO:0009139 endoderm cell teleost_anatomy A cell of the inner of the three germ layers of the embryo. CL:curator phagocyte Any cell capable of ingesting particulate matter via phagocytosis. CL:0000234 TAO:0009140 teleost_anatomy Any cell capable of ingesting particulate matter via phagocytosis. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-1 macrophage A mononuclear phagocyte which differentiates from monocytes, is typically resident in a particular tissue, and capable of phagocytosing a variety of extracellular particulate material, including immune complexes, microorganisms, and dead cells. CL:0000235 TAO:0009141 histiocyte teleost_anatomy A mononuclear phagocyte which differentiates from monocytes, is typically resident in a particular tissue, and capable of phagocytosing a variety of extracellular particulate material, including immune complexes, microorganisms, and dead cells. CL:curator B cell A type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of an immunoglobulin complex. B lymphocyte B-cell B-lymphocyte CL:0000236 TAO:0009142 teleost_anatomy A type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of an immunoglobulin complex. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-3 brush border epithelial cell CL:0000239 TAO:0009143 teleost_anatomy stratified squamous epithelial cell CL:0000240 TAO:0009144 teleost_anatomy stratified cuboidal epithelial cell CL:0000241 TAO:0009145 teleost_anatomy Merkel cell A modified epidermal cell located in the stratum basale. They are found mostly in areas where sensory perception is acute, such as the fingertips. Merkel cells are closely associated with an expanded terminal bulb of an afferent myelinated nerve fiber. CL:0000242 TAO:0009146 teleost_anatomy A modified epidermal cell located in the stratum basale. They are found mostly in areas where sensory perception is acute, such as the fingertips. Merkel cells are closely associated with an expanded terminal bulb of an afferent myelinated nerve fiber. CL:curator glial cell (sensu Vertebrata) A non-neuronal cells of the nervous system. They not only provide physical support, but also respond to injury, regulate the ionic and chemical composition of the extracellular milieu. Form the myelin insulation of nervous pathways, guide neuronal migration during development, and exchange metabolites with neurons. Neuroglia have high-affinity transmitter uptake systems, voltage-dependent and transmitter-gated ion channels, and can release transmitters, but their role in signaling (as in many other functions) is unclear. CL:0000243 TAO:0009147 teleost_anatomy A non-neuronal cells of the nervous system. They not only provide physical support, but also respond to injury, regulate the ionic and chemical composition of the extracellular milieu. Form the myelin insulation of nervous pathways, guide neuronal migration during development, and exchange metabolites with neurons. Neuroglia have high-affinity transmitter uptake systems, voltage-dependent and transmitter-gated ion channels, and can release transmitters, but their role in signaling (as in many other functions) is unclear. CL:curator transitional epithelial cell CL:0000244 TAO:0009148 teleost_anatomy Mauthner neuron CL:0000246 TAO:0000087 TAO:0000613 TAO:0009149 teleost_anatomy Rohon-Beard neuron CL:0000247 RB neuron Rohon-Beard neurons TAO:0000002 TAO:0009150 teleost_anatomy Rohon-Beard neurons hatching gland cell CL:0000249 TAO:0009151 teleost_anatomy extramedullary cell CL:0000251 TAO:0009152 teleost_anatomy eurydendroid cell CL:0000253 TAO:0009153 teleost_anatomy eye photoreceptor cell CL:0000287 TAO:0009154 teleost_anatomy somatotropin secreting cell An acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces growth hormone, somatotropin. CL:0000295 TAO:0009155 growth hormone secreting cell somatotrope somatotroph somatotrophin secreting cell somatotropic cell somatrophic cell teleost_anatomy An acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces growth hormone, somatotropin. CL:curator gamete CL:0000300 TAO:0009156 teleost_anatomy keratin accumulating cell CL:0000311 TAO:0009157 teleost_anatomy keratinocyte An epidermal cell which synthesizes keratin and undergoes a characteristic change as it move upward from the basal layers of the epidermis to the cornified (horny) layer of the skin. Successive stages of differentiation of the keratinocytes forming the epidermal layers are basal cell, spinous or prickle cell, and the granular cell. CL:0000312 TAO:0009158 teleost_anatomy An epidermal cell which synthesizes keratin and undergoes a characteristic change as it move upward from the basal layers of the epidermis to the cornified (horny) layer of the skin. Successive stages of differentiation of the keratinocytes forming the epidermal layers are basal cell, spinous or prickle cell, and the granular cell. CL:curator mucus secreting cell CL:0000319 TAO:0000129 TAO:0009159 mucous cell teleost_anatomy seminal fluid secreting cell CL:0000321 TAO:0009160 teleost_anatomy metanephric mesenchyme stem cell CL:0000324 TAO:0009161 teleost_anatomy extracellular matrix secreting cell CL:0000327 TAO:0009162 teleost_anatomy myelin accumulating cell CL:0000328 TAO:0009163 teleost_anatomy oxygen accumulating cell CL:0000329 TAO:0009164 teleost_anatomy neural crest cell A cell of the strip of specialized ectoderm flanking each side of the embryonal neural plate, which after the closure of the neural tube, forms a column of isolated cells along the dorsal aspect of the neural tube. Most of the cranial and all of the spinal sensory ganglion cells arise by differentiation of neural crest cells. CL:0000333 CL:0000333 TAO:0009165 teleost_anatomy true A cell of the strip of specialized ectoderm flanking each side of the embryonal neural plate, which after the closure of the neural tube, forms a column of isolated cells along the dorsal aspect of the neural tube. Most of the cranial and all of the spinal sensory ganglion cells arise by differentiation of neural crest cells. CL:curator mesenchyme condensation cell CL:0000335 TAO:0009166 teleost_anatomy adrenal medulla cell CL:0000336 TAO:0009167 chromafin cell teleost_anatomy neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) CL:0000337 TAO:0009168 neuroblast teleost_anatomy glioblast (sensu Vertebrata) CL:0000339 TAO:0009169 teleost_anatomy pigment cell (sensu Vertebrata) CL:0000342 TAO:0009170 teleost_anatomy visual pigment cell (sensu Vertebrata) CL:0000343 TAO:0009171 teleost_anatomy non-visual cell (sensu Vertebrata) CL:0000344 TAO:0009172 teleost_anatomy dental papilla cell CL:0000345 TAO:0009173 teleost_anatomy scleral cell CL:0000347 TAO:0009174 teleost_anatomy choroidal cell CL:0000348 TAO:0009175 teleost_anatomy extraembryonic cell CL:0000349 TAO:0009176 teleost_anatomy blastoderm cell An undifferentiated cell produced by early cleavages of the fertilized egg (zygote). CL:0000353 TAO:0009177 blastomere teleost_anatomy An undifferentiated cell produced by early cleavages of the fertilized egg (zygote). CL:curator blastemal cell CL:0000354 TAO:0009178 teleost_anatomy muscle stem cell CL:0000355 TAO:0009179 teleost_anatomy stratified epithelial stem cell CL:0000357 TAO:0009180 teleost_anatomy vascular associated smooth muscle cell CL:0000359 TAO:0009181 teleost_anatomy gastrula cell A cell of the embryo in the early stage following the blastula, characterized by morphogenetic cell movements, cell differentiation, and the formation of the three germ layers. CL:0000361 TAO:0009182 teleost_anatomy A cell of the embryo in the early stage following the blastula, characterized by morphogenetic cell movements, cell differentiation, and the formation of the three germ layers. CL:curator epidermal cell A cell found in the outermost layer of the organism. CL:0000362 TAO:0009183 teleost_anatomy A cell found in the outermost layer of the organism. CL:curator osteoprogenitor cell CL:0000375 TAO:0009184 teleost_anatomy sensory processing neuron CL:0000379 TAO:0009185 teleost_anatomy neurosecretory neuron CL:0000381 TAO:0009186 teleost_anatomy nephrogenic mesenchyme stem cell CL:0000383 TAO:0009187 teleost_anatomy ligament cell CL:0000384 TAO:0009188 teleost_anatomy tendon cell CL:0000388 TAO:0009189 muscle attachment cell teleost_anatomy electrically responsive cell A cell whose function is determined by its response to an electric signal. CL:0000393 TAO:0009190 teleost_anatomy A cell whose function is determined by its response to an electric signal. CL:curator CNS interneuron CL:0000402 TAO:0009191 teleost_anatomy electrically signaling cell A cell that initiates an electrical signal and passes that signal to another cell. CL:0000404 TAO:0009193 teleost_anatomy A cell that initiates an electrical signal and passes that signal to another cell. CL:curator CNS short range interneuron CL:0000406 TAO:0009194 teleost_anatomy CNS long range interneuron CL:0000410 TAO:0009195 teleost_anatomy hypodermal cell CL:0000411 TAO:0009196 teleost_anatomy yolk cell CL:0000428 TAO:0009197 teleost_anatomy xanthophore A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains cartenoid pigments in structures called pterinosomes or xanthosomes. This gives an appearance ranging from a golden yellow to orange and red. CL:0000430 TAO:0001092 TAO:0009198 teleost_anatomy A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains cartenoid pigments in structures called pterinosomes or xanthosomes. This gives an appearance ranging from a golden yellow to orange and red. CL:curator iridophore A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. The cell contains flat light-reflecting platelets, probably of guanine, in stacks called reflecting platets or iridisomes. The color-generating components produce a silver, gold, or iridescent color. CL:0000431 TAO:0001090 TAO:0009199 teleost_anatomy A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. The cell contains flat light-reflecting platelets, probably of guanine, in stacks called reflecting platets or iridisomes. The color-generating components produce a silver, gold, or iridescent color. CL:curator reticular cell CL:0000432 TAO:0009200 teleost_anatomy alkali secreting cell CL:0000435 TAO:0009201 teleost_anatomy follicle stimulating hormone secreting cell CL:0000437 TAO:0009202 delta basophil gonadotroph teleost_anatomy luteinizing hormone secreting cell CL:0000438 TAO:0009203 delta basophila gonadotroph teleost_anatomy prolactin secreting cell An acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces prolactin. CL:0000439 TAO:0009204 epsilon-acidophil lactotrope lactotroph lactotropic cell mammotrope mammotroph mammotrophic cell mammotropic cell teleost_anatomy An acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces prolactin. CL:curator melanocyte stimulating hormone secreting cell A cell of the intermediate pituitary that produces melanocyte stimulating hormone. CL:0000440 TAO:0009205 melanotrope melanotroph teleost_anatomy A cell of the intermediate pituitary that produces melanocyte stimulating hormone. CL:curator calcitonin secreting cell CL:0000443 TAO:0009206 teleost_anatomy parathyroid hormone secreting cell CL:0000446 TAO:0009207 chief cell teleost_anatomy lipocyte CL:0000450 TAO:0009208 teleost_anatomy dendritic cell A cell of hematopoietic origin, typically resident in particular tissues, specialized in the uptake, processing, and transport of antigens to lymph nodes for the purpose of stimulating an immune response via T cell activation. CL:0000451 TAO:0009209 interdigitating cell teleost_anatomy veiled cell A cell of hematopoietic origin, typically resident in particular tissues, specialized in the uptake, processing, and transport of antigens to lymph nodes for the purpose of stimulating an immune response via T cell activation. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-3 thyroid hormone secreting cell CL:0000452 TAO:0009210 teleost_anatomy epinephrin secreting cell CL:0000454 TAO:0009211 teleost_anatomy biogenic amine secreting cell CL:0000457 TAO:0009212 teleost_anatomy serotonin secreting cell CL:0000458 TAO:0009213 serotin secreting cell teleost_anatomy norepinephrin secreting cell CL:0000459 TAO:0009214 teleost_anatomy glucocorticoid secreting cell CL:0000460 TAO:0009215 teleost_anatomy adrenocorticotropic hormone secreting cell A basophil cell of the anterior pituitary that produces adrenocorticotropic hormone, or corticotropin. CL:0000467 TAO:0009216 adrenocorticotrophic hormone secreting cell corticotrope corticotroph corticotrophin hormone secreting cell corticotropin hormone secreting cell teleost_anatomy A basophil cell of the anterior pituitary that produces adrenocorticotropic hormone, or corticotropin. CL:curator digestive enzyme secreting cell CL:0000470 TAO:0009217 teleost_anatomy thyroid stimulating hormone secreting cell A basophil cell of the anterior pituitary that produces thyroid stimulating hormone, thyrotrophin. CL:0000476 TAO:0009218 beta-basophil teleost_anatomy thyrotrope thyrotroph A basophil cell of the anterior pituitary that produces thyroid stimulating hormone, thyrotrophin. CL:curator visible light photoreceptor cell CL:0000488 TAO:0009219 teleost_anatomy photopic photoreceptor cell CL:0000490 TAO:0009220 teleost_anatomy UV sensitive photoreceptor cell CL:0000494 TAO:0009221 teleost_anatomy blue sensitive photoreceptor cell CL:0000495 TAO:0009222 teleost_anatomy green sensitive photoreceptor cell CL:0000496 TAO:0009223 teleost_anatomy red sensitive photoreceptor cell CL:0000497 TAO:0009224 teleost_anatomy inhibitory interneuron CL:0000498 TAO:0009225 teleost_anatomy stromal cell A connective tissue cell of an organ found in the loose connective tissue. These are most often associated with the uterine mucosa and the ovary as well as the hematopoietic system and elsewhere. CL:0000499 TAO:0009226 teleost_anatomy A connective tissue cell of an organ found in the loose connective tissue. These are most often associated with the uterine mucosa and the ovary as well as the hematopoietic system and elsewhere. CL:curator granulosa cell A supporting cell for the developing female gamete in the ovary of mammals. They develop from the coelomic epithelial cells of the gonadal ridge. Granulosa cells form a single layer around the mammalian oocyte in the primordial ovarian follicle and advance to form a multilayered cumulus oophorus surrounding the ovum in the Graafian follicle. The major functions of granulosa cells include the production of steroids and LH receptors. CL:0000501 TAO:0009227 teleost_anatomy A supporting cell for the developing female gamete in the ovary of mammals. They develop from the coelomic epithelial cells of the gonadal ridge. Granulosa cells form a single layer around the mammalian oocyte in the primordial ovarian follicle and advance to form a multilayered cumulus oophorus surrounding the ovum in the Graafian follicle. The major functions of granulosa cells include the production of steroids and LH receptors. CL:curator D cell A cell found throughout the gastrointestinal tract and in the pancreas. They secrete somatostatin in both an endocrine and paracrine manner. Somatostatin inhibits gastrin, cholecystokinin, insulin, glucagon, pancreatic enzymes, and gastric hydrochloric acid. A variety of substances which inhibit gastric acid secretion (vasoactive intestinal peptide, calcitonin gene-EXACT peptide, cholecystokinin, beta-adrenergic agonists, and gastric inhibitory peptide) are thought to act by releasing somatostatin. CL:0000502 TAO:0009228 teleost_anatomy A cell found throughout the gastrointestinal tract and in the pancreas. They secrete somatostatin in both an endocrine and paracrine manner. Somatostatin inhibits gastrin, cholecystokinin, insulin, glucagon, pancreatic enzymes, and gastric hydrochloric acid. A variety of substances which inhibit gastric acid secretion (vasoactive intestinal peptide, calcitonin gene-EXACT peptide, cholecystokinin, beta-adrenergic agonists, and gastric inhibitory peptide) are thought to act by releasing somatostatin. CL:curator theca cell A flattened stroma cell forming a sheath or theca outside the basal lamina lining the mature ovarian follicle. Thecal interstitial or stromal cells are steroidogenic, and produce primarily androgens which serve as precusors of estrogens in the granulosa cells. CL:0000503 TAO:0009229 teleost_anatomy A flattened stroma cell forming a sheath or theca outside the basal lamina lining the mature ovarian follicle. Thecal interstitial or stromal cells are steroidogenic, and produce primarily androgens which serve as precusors of estrogens in the granulosa cells. CL:curator substance P secreting cell CL:0000505 TAO:0009230 teleost_anatomy enkephalin secreting cell CL:0000506 TAO:0009231 teleost_anatomy endorphin secreting cell CL:0000507 TAO:0009232 teleost_anatomy paracrine cell CL:0000512 TAO:0009233 teleost_anatomy cardiac muscle myoblast A precursor cell destined to differentiate into cardiac myocytes. CL:0000513 TAO:0009234 cardioblast teleost_anatomy A precursor cell destined to differentiate into cardiac myocytes. CL:curator smooth muscle myoblast A precursor cell destined to differentiate into smooth muscle myocytes. CL:0000514 TAO:0009235 satellite cell teleost_anatomy A precursor cell destined to differentiate into smooth muscle myocytes. CL:curator skeletal muscle myoblast A myoblast that differentiates into skeletal muscle fibers. CL:0000515 TAO:0009236 teleost_anatomy A myoblast that differentiates into skeletal muscle fibers. CL:curator perineuronal satellite cell A non-neuronal cell that surrounds the neuronal cell bodies of the ganglia. CL:0000516 TAO:0009237 perineural satellite cell teleost_anatomy A non-neuronal cell that surrounds the neuronal cell bodies of the ganglia. CL:curator afferent neuron A neuron which conveys sensory information centrally from the periphery. CL:0000526 TAO:0009238 input neuron teleost_anatomy A neuron which conveys sensory information centrally from the periphery. CL:curator efferent neuron A neuron which sends impulses peripherally to activate muscles or secretory cells. CL:0000527 TAO:0009239 output neuron teleost_anatomy A neuron which sends impulses peripherally to activate muscles or secretory cells. CL:curator nitrergic neuron A nerve cell where transmission is mediated by nitric oxide. CL:0000528 TAO:0009240 teleost_anatomy A nerve cell where transmission is mediated by nitric oxide. CL:curator pigmented epithelial cell CL:0000529 TAO:0009241 teleost_anatomy primary neuron CL:0000530 TAO:0000055 TAO:0009242 teleost_anatomy CAP motoneuron CL:0000532 TAO:0009243 teleost_anatomy primary motor neuron CL:0000533 TAO:0000572 TAO:0009244 primary motoneuron teleost_anatomy primary interneuron CL:0000534 TAO:0000945 TAO:0009245 teleost_anatomy secondary neuron CL:0000535 TAO:0009246 teleost_anatomy secondary motor neuron CL:0000536 TAO:0000584 TAO:0009247 secondary motoneuron teleost_anatomy neuron CL:0000540 TAO:0000134 TAO:0009248 The basic cellular unit of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system. neurons teleost_anatomy neurons CL:curator The basic cellular unit of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system. melanoblast A cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into a pigment cell. CL:0000541 TAO:0009249 teleost_anatomy A cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into a pigment cell. CL:curator lymphocyte A cell of the B cell, T cell, or natural killer cell lineage. CL:0000542 TAO:0009250 teleost_anatomy A cell of the B cell, T cell, or natural killer cell lineage. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-3 granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell A progenitor cell committed to the granulocyte and monocyte lineages. http://www.copewithcytokines.de CFU-C , Colony forming unit in culture CFU-GM CL:0000557 GMP TAO:0009251 colony forming unit granulocyte macrophage granulocyte-macrophage progenitor myeloid progenitor cell teleost_anatomy CFU-GM ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-1 GMP ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-1 ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-1 colony forming unit granulocyte macrophage A progenitor cell committed to the granulocyte and monocyte lineages. http://www.copewithcytokines.de ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-1 ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-1 granulocyte-macrophage progenitor reticulocyte An immature erythrocyte showing a basophilic reticulum under vital staining. CL:0000558 TAO:0009252 teleost_anatomy An immature erythrocyte showing a basophilic reticulum under vital staining. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-1 promonocyte A precursor in the monocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between the monoblast and monocyte. CL:0000559 TAO:0009253 teleost_anatomy A precursor in the monocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between the monoblast and monocyte. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-1 band form neutrophil A late neutrophilic metamyelocyte in which the nucleus is in the form of a curved or coiled band, not having acquired the typical multilobar shape of the mature neutrophil. CL:0000560 TAO:0009254 band band cell band form rod neutrophil stab cell teleost_anatomy A late neutrophilic metamyelocyte in which the nucleus is in the form of a curved or coiled band, not having acquired the typical multilobar shape of the mature neutrophil. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-1 amacrine cell CL:0000561 Interneuron of the vertebrate retina. They integrate, modulate, and interpose a temporal domain in the visual message presented to the retinal ganglion cells, with which they synapse in the inner plexiform layer. TAO:0009255 amacrine neuron teleost_anatomy CL:curator Interneuron of the vertebrate retina. They integrate, modulate, and interpose a temporal domain in the visual message presented to the retinal ganglion cells, with which they synapse in the inner plexiform layer. nucleate erythrocyte An erythrocyte having a nucleus. CL:0000562 RBC TAO:0009256 red blood cell teleost_anatomy An erythrocyte having a nucleus. CL:curator neutrophilic promyelocyte A neutrophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a myeloblast and myelocyte, and containing a few, as yet undifferentiated, cytoplasmic granules. CL:0000564 TAO:0009257 neutrophilic premyelocyte neutrophilic progranulocyte promyelocyte teleost_anatomy A neutrophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a myeloblast and myelocyte, and containing a few, as yet undifferentiated, cytoplasmic granules. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-1 angioblastic mesenchymal cell CL:0000566 TAO:0009258 angioblast teleost_anatomy cardiac mesenchymal cell CL:0000569 TAO:0009259 teleost_anatomy parafollicular cell C cell CL:0000570 TAO:0009260 teleost_anatomy leucophore A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains uric acid or other purine crystals deposited in stacks called leucosomes. The crystals reflect light and this gives a white appearance under white light. CL:0000571 TAO:0009261 teleost_anatomy A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains uric acid or other purine crystals deposited in stacks called leucosomes. The crystals reflect light and this gives a white appearance under white light. CL:curator retinal cone cell CL:0000573 One of the two photoreceptor cell types in the vertebrate retina. In cones the photopigment is in invaginations of the cell membrane of the outer segment. Cones are less sensitive to light than rods, but they provide vision with higher spatial and temporal acuity, and the combination of signals from cones with different pigments allows color vision. TAO:0009262 teleost_anatomy CL:curator One of the two photoreceptor cell types in the vertebrate retina. In cones the photopigment is in invaginations of the cell membrane of the outer segment. Cones are less sensitive to light than rods, but they provide vision with higher spatial and temporal acuity, and the combination of signals from cones with different pigments allows color vision. erythrophore A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains pteridine and/or carotenoid pigments in structures called pterinosomes or erythrosomes. This gives an orange to red appearance. CL:0000574 TAO:0009263 teleost_anatomy A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains pteridine and/or carotenoid pigments in structures called pterinosomes or erythrosomes. This gives an orange to red appearance. CL:curator corneal epithelial cell CL:0000575 TAO:0009264 teleost_anatomy monocyte CL:0000576 Large, phagocytic mononuclear leukocytes produced in the vertebrate bone marrow and released into the blood. TAO:0009265 teleost_anatomy CL:curator Large, phagocytic mononuclear leukocytes produced in the vertebrate bone marrow and released into the blood. neutrophilic myelocyte A neutrophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a promyelocyte and a metamyelocyte; in this stage, differentiation of cytoplasmic granules has begun. CL:0000580 TAO:0009266 teleost_anatomy A neutrophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a promyelocyte and a metamyelocyte; in this stage, differentiation of cytoplasmic granules has begun. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-1 peritoneal macrophage A mononuclear phagocyte that develops from bone marrow precursors but is resident in the peritoneum. CL:0000581 TAO:0009267 teleost_anatomy A mononuclear phagocyte that develops from bone marrow precursors but is resident in the peritoneum. CL:curator neutrophilic metamyelocyte A neutrophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a meylocyte and the band form neutrophil. The protein synthesis seen in earlier stages decreases or stops; the nucleus becomes indented and its chromatin becomes coarse and clumped; and the cytoplasm becomes pink like that of a mature granulocyte. CL:0000582 TAO:0009268 juvenile neutrophil metamyelocyte teleost_anatomy A neutrophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a meylocyte and the band form neutrophil. The protein synthesis seen in earlier stages decreases or stops; the nucleus becomes indented and its chromatin becomes coarse and clumped; and the cytoplasm becomes pink like that of a mature granulocyte. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-1 enterocyte CL:0000584 TAO:0009269 teleost_anatomy odontoclast A specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of cementum. CL:0000588 TAO:0009270 teleost_anatomy A specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of cementum. CL:curator androgen secreting cell CL:0000593 TAO:0009271 teleost_anatomy skeletal muscle satellite cell An elongated, spindle-shaped, quiescent myoblast lying in close contact with adult skeletal muscle. They are thought to play a role in muscle repair and regeneration. CL:0000594 TAO:0009272 teleost_anatomy An elongated, spindle-shaped, quiescent myoblast lying in close contact with adult skeletal muscle. They are thought to play a role in muscle repair and regeneration. CL:curator pyramidal cell A projection neuron in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus. Pyramidal cells have a pyramid-shaped soma with the apex and an apical dendrite pointed toward the pial surface and other dendrites and an axon emerging from the base. The axons may have local collaterals but also project outside their cortical region. CL:0000598 TAO:0009273 teleost_anatomy A projection neuron in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus. Pyramidal cells have a pyramid-shaped soma with the apex and an apical dendrite pointed toward the pial surface and other dendrites and an axon emerging from the base. The axons may have local collaterals but also project outside their cortical region. CL:curator pressoreceptor cell A receptor in the vascular system, particularly the aorta and carotid sinus, which is sensitive to stretch of the vessel walls. CL:0000602 TAO:0009274 teleost_anatomy A receptor in the vascular system, particularly the aorta and carotid sinus, which is sensitive to stretch of the vessel walls. CL:curator retinal rod cell CL:0000604 One of the two photoreceptor cell types of the vertebrate retina. In rods the photopigment is in stacks of membranous disks separate from the outer cell membrane. Rods are more sensitive to light than cones, but rod mediated vision has less spatial and temporal resolution than cone vision. TAO:0009275 teleost_anatomy CL:curator One of the two photoreceptor cell types of the vertebrate retina. In rods the photopigment is in stacks of membranous disks separate from the outer cell membrane. Rods are more sensitive to light than cones, but rod mediated vision has less spatial and temporal resolution than cone vision. GABAergic neuron CL:0000617 TAO:0009276 teleost_anatomy acinar cell CL:0000622 TAO:0009277 teleost_anatomy natural killer cell A natural killer cell is a lymphocyte that can spontaneously kill a variety of target cells without prior antigenic activation via germline encoded activation receptors and also regulate immune responses via cytokine release and direct contact with other cells. CL:0000623 NK cell TAO:0009278 large granular lymphocyte null cell teleost_anatomy A natural killer cell is a lymphocyte that can spontaneously kill a variety of target cells without prior antigenic activation via germline encoded activation receptors and also regulate immune responses via cytokine release and direct contact with other cells. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-3 ito cell CL:0000632 TAO:0009279 perisinusoidal cell teleost_anatomy Muller cell CL:0000636 TAO:0009280 teleost_anatomy folliculostellate cell A supportive cell of the vertebrate pituitary that provides macromolecular transport and secretes hormones. CL:0000642 TAO:0009281 teleost_anatomy A supportive cell of the vertebrate pituitary that provides macromolecular transport and secretes hormones. CL:curator Bergmann glial cell CL:0000644 TAO:0009282 teleost_anatomy mesangial cell CL:0000650 TAO:0009283 teleost_anatomy pinealocyte CL:0000652 TAO:0009284 teleost_anatomy podocyte CL:0000653 TAO:0009285 teleost_anatomy fenestrated cell CL:0000666 TAO:0009286 teleost_anatomy window cell collagen secreting cell CL:0000667 TAO:0009287 teleost_anatomy primordial germ cell CL:0000670 TAO:0000065 TAO:0009288 teleost_anatomy gut absorptive cell CL:0000677 Cell of the intestinal epithelium with a brush border made up of many parallel packed microvilli; associated with absorption, particularly of macromolecules. TAO:0009289 teleost_anatomy CL:curator Cell of the intestinal epithelium with a brush border made up of many parallel packed microvilli; associated with absorption, particularly of macromolecules. glutamatergic neuron CL:0000679 TAO:0009290 teleost_anatomy muscle precursor cell CL:0000680 TAO:0009291 teleost_anatomy radial glial cell A transient cell present only in the developing CNS. Functions as both a precursor cell and as a scaffold to support neuronal migration. CL:0000681 TAO:0009292 teleost_anatomy A transient cell present only in the developing CNS. Functions as both a precursor cell and as a scaffold to support neuronal migration. CL:curator M cell An absorptive cell of the mammalian gut epithelium that endocytoses microorganisms and intact macromolecules from the gut lumen and transports them to the subepithelial space where they are presented to antigen-presenting cells and lymphocytes. CL:0000682 TAO:0009293 teleost_anatomy An absorptive cell of the mammalian gut epithelium that endocytoses microorganisms and intact macromolecules from the gut lumen and transports them to the subepithelial space where they are presented to antigen-presenting cells and lymphocytes. CL:curator ependymoglial cell A cell that transports hormones from neurosecretory cells. CL:0000683 TAO:0009294 teleost_anatomy A cell that transports hormones from neurosecretory cells. CL:curator cerebrospinal fluid secreting cell CL:0000686 TAO:0009295 teleost_anatomy perijunctional fibroblast A fibroblast-like cell that provides support at neuromuscular junctions in vertebrates and are localized outside the synaptic basal lamina. CL:0000688 TAO:0009296 teleost_anatomy A fibroblast-like cell that provides support at neuromuscular junctions in vertebrates and are localized outside the synaptic basal lamina. CL:curator stellate interneuron CL:0000691 TAO:0009297 teleost_anatomy terminal Schwann cell A neuroglial cell of the peripheral nervous system inside the basal lamina of the neuromuscular junction providing chemical and physical support to the synapse. CL:0000692 TAO:0009298 teleost_anatomy A neuroglial cell of the peripheral nervous system inside the basal lamina of the neuromuscular junction providing chemical and physical support to the synapse. CL:curator neuroglioform cell A stellate interneuron having 7-10 dendrites that may branch. CL:0000693 TAO:0009299 spiderweb cell teleost_anatomy A stellate interneuron having 7-10 dendrites that may branch. CL:curator Cajal-Retzius cell CL:0000695 One of a transient population of pioneering neurons in the cerebral cortex. These cells are slender bipolar cells of the developing marginal zone. One feature of these cells in mammals is that they express the Reelin gene. TAO:0009300 teleost_anatomy CL:curator One of a transient population of pioneering neurons in the cerebral cortex. These cells are slender bipolar cells of the developing marginal zone. One feature of these cells in mammals is that they express the Reelin gene. dopaminergic neuron A neuron that releases dopamine as a neurotransmitter. CL:0000700 TAO:0009301 teleost_anatomy A neuron that releases dopamine as a neurotransmitter. CL:curator sustentacular cell CL:0000703 Cell that provides some or all mechanical, nutritional and phagocytic support to their neighbors. TAO:0009302 teleost_anatomy CL:curator Cell that provides some or all mechanical, nutritional and phagocytic support to their neighbors. endothelial tip cell A specialized endothelial cell that senses extracellular signals and guides the directed growth of blood vessels. CL:0000704 TAO:0009303 teleost_anatomy A specialized endothelial cell that senses extracellular signals and guides the directed growth of blood vessels. CL:curator choroid plexus epithelial cell CL:0000706 Specialized ependymal cell that produces the cerebrospinal fluid from the blood and secretes it into the lumen of the brain and spinal chord. TAO:0009304 teleost_anatomy CL:curator Specialized ependymal cell that produces the cerebrospinal fluid from the blood and secretes it into the lumen of the brain and spinal chord. leptomemingeal cell CL:0000708 Stromal cell that forms the internal covering of the vertebrate brain and produces ECM for this and the choroid plexus. TAO:0009305 teleost_anatomy CL:curator Stromal cell that forms the internal covering of the vertebrate brain and produces ECM for this and the choroid plexus. neuroepithelial cell CL:0000710 TAO:0009306 teleost_anatomy somatic stem cell CL:0000723 TAO:0009307 teleost_anatomy urothelial cell A cell of a layer of transitional epithelium in the wall of the bladder, ureter, and renal pelvis, external to the lamina propria. CL:0000731 TAO:0009308 teleost_anatomy A cell of a layer of transitional epithelium in the wall of the bladder, ureter, and renal pelvis, external to the lamina propria. CL:curator leukocyte A nucleated cell of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages, found in blood or other tissue. CL:0000738 TAO:0009309 immune cell leucocyte teleost_anatomy white blood cell A nucleated cell of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages, found in blood or other tissue. CL:curator retinal ganglion cell CL:0000740 RGC TAO:0009310 The set of neurons that receives neural inputs via bipolar, horizontal and amacrine cells. The axons of these cells make up the optic nerve. gangliocyte teleost_anatomy CL:curator The set of neurons that receives neural inputs via bipolar, horizontal and amacrine cells. The axons of these cells make up the optic nerve. spinal accessory motor neuron A motor neuron that is located in the cervical region of the spinal cord and selectively innervates the sternocleidmastoid or trapezius muscle. Unlike other motor neurons, they extend axons dorsally along lateral margins of the spinal cord. CL:0000741 SACMN TAO:0009311 teleost_anatomy A motor neuron that is located in the cervical region of the spinal cord and selectively innervates the sternocleidmastoid or trapezius muscle. Unlike other motor neurons, they extend axons dorsally along lateral margins of the spinal cord. CL:curator periarticular chondrocyte A round chondrocyte that first differentiates in the late embryonic growth plate of bone. CL:0000742 CL:0000742 TAO:0009312 teleost_anatomy true A round chondrocyte that first differentiates in the late embryonic growth plate of bone. CL:curator hypertrophic chondrocyte A terminally differentiated chondrocyte that differentiates in the late embryonic growth plate of bone. CL:0000743 CL:0000743 TAO:0009313 teleost_anatomy true A terminally differentiated chondrocyte that differentiates in the late embryonic growth plate of bone. CL:curator columnar chondrocyte A columnar chondrocyte that differentiates in the late embryonic growth plate of bone. Columnar chondrocytes vigorously proliferate and form columns in the growth plate. CL:0000744 CL:0000744 TAO:0009314 teleost_anatomy true A columnar chondrocyte that differentiates in the late embryonic growth plate of bone. Columnar chondrocytes vigorously proliferate and form columns in the growth plate. CL:curator horizontal cell A neuron that laterally connects other neurons in the inner nuclear layer of the retina. CL:0000745 TAO:0009315 teleost_anatomy A neuron that laterally connects other neurons in the inner nuclear layer of the retina. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-6 cardiac muscle cell CL:0000746 TAO:0009316 teleost_anatomy cyanophore A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains blue pigment of unknown chemical composition in fibrous organelles termed cyanosomes. This gives a blue appearance. CL:0000747 TAO:0009317 blue chromatophore teleost_anatomy A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains blue pigment of unknown chemical composition in fibrous organelles termed cyanosomes. This gives a blue appearance. CL:curator retinal bipolar neuron A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner plexiform layer. CL:0000748 TAO:0009318 teleost_anatomy A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner plexiform layer. CL:curator ON-bipolar cell A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner half of the inner plexiform layer. These cells depolarize in response to light stimulation of their corresponding photoreceptors. CL:0000749 TAO:0009319 teleost_anatomy A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner half of the inner plexiform layer. These cells depolarize in response to light stimulation of their corresponding photoreceptors. CL:curator OFF-bipolar cell A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with photoreceptors cells and neurons in the outer half of the inner plexiform layer. These cells hyperpolarize in response to light stimulation of their corresponding photoreceptors. CL:0000750 TAO:0009320 teleost_anatomy A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with photoreceptors cells and neurons in the outer half of the inner plexiform layer. These cells hyperpolarize in response to light stimulation of their corresponding photoreceptors. CL:curator rod bipolar cell A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with rod photoreceptor cells and neurons in the inner plexiform layer. CL:0000751 TAO:0009321 teleost_anatomy A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with rod photoreceptor cells and neurons in the inner plexiform layer. CL:curator cone retinal bipolar cell A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptor cells and neurons in the inner plexiform layer. CL:0000752 TAO:0009322 teleost_anatomy A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptor cells and neurons in the inner plexiform layer. CL:curator thrombocyte A nucleated blood cell involved in coagulation, typically seen in birds and other non-mammalian vertebrates. CL:0000762 Note that this is a non-mammalian cell type. Use platelet ; CL:0000233 for thrombocytes (platelets) in mammals. TAO:0009323 teleost_anatomy A nucleated blood cell involved in coagulation, typically seen in birds and other non-mammalian vertebrates. CL:curator myeloid cell A cell of the monocyte, granulocyte, mast cell, megakaryocyte, or erythroid lineage. CL:0000763 TAO:0009324 teleost_anatomy A cell of the monocyte, granulocyte, mast cell, megakaryocyte, or erythroid lineage. CL:curator erythroid lineage cell A immature or mature cell in the lineage leading to and including erythrocytes. CL:0000764 TAO:0009325 teleost_anatomy A immature or mature cell in the lineage leading to and including erythrocytes. CL:curator myeloid leukocyte A cell of the monocyte, granulocyte, or mast cell lineage. CL:0000766 TAO:0009326 teleost_anatomy A cell of the monocyte, granulocyte, or mast cell lineage. CL:curator neutrophil Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes. CL:0000775 PMN TAO:0009327 neutrocyte neutrophil leucocyte neutrophil leukocyte neutrophilic leucocyte neutrophilic leukocyte poly polymorphonuclear leucocyte polymorphonuclear leukocyte polymorphonuclear neutrophil polynuclear neutrophilic leucocyte polynuclear neutrophilic leukocyte teleost_anatomy Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-1 immature neutrophil Any of the immature forms of a neutrophil in which neutrophilic specific granules are present but other phenotypic features of the mature form may be lacking. A neutrophil is a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes. CL:0000776 TAO:0009328 immatuer neutrophilic leukocyte immature neutrocyte immature neutrophil leucocyte immature neutrophil leukocyte immature neutrophilic leucocyte teleost_anatomy Any of the immature forms of a neutrophil in which neutrophilic specific granules are present but other phenotypic features of the mature form may be lacking. A neutrophil is a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-1 mononuclear osteoclast A specialized mononuclear phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of bone. CL:0000778 TAO:0009329 teleost_anatomy A specialized mononuclear phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of bone. CL:curator mononuclear odontoclast A specialized multinuclear phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of cementum. CL:0000781 TAO:0009330 teleost_anatomy A specialized multinuclear phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of cementum. CL:curator mature B cell A mature form of a B cell, a type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of an immunoglobulin complex. CL:0000785 TAO:0009331 mature B lymphocyte mature B-cell mature B-lymphocyte teleost_anatomy A mature form of a B cell, a type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of an immunoglobulin complex. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-3 plasma cell A terminally differentiated, post-mitotic, short-lived cell of the B cell lineage devoted to producing large amounts of immunoglobulin. Plasma cells are oval or round with extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum, a well-developed Golgi apparatus, and a round nucleus having a characteristic cartwheel heterochromatin pattern. CL:0000786 TAO:0009332 plasmacyte teleost_anatomy A terminally differentiated, post-mitotic, short-lived cell of the B cell lineage devoted to producing large amounts of immunoglobulin. Plasma cells are oval or round with extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum, a well-developed Golgi apparatus, and a round nucleus having a characteristic cartwheel heterochromatin pattern. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-1 ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-3 memory B cell A distinctly differentiated long-lived B cell that is readily activated upon reencounter of its antigenic determinant. Memory B cells differentiate from antigen-activated B cells which have been selected for expression of higher affinity immunoglobulin. CL:0000787 TAO:0009333 memory B lymphocyte memory B-cell memory B-lymphocyte teleost_anatomy A distinctly differentiated long-lived B cell that is readily activated upon reencounter of its antigenic determinant. Memory B cells differentiate from antigen-activated B cells which have been selected for expression of higher affinity immunoglobulin. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-3 naive B cell A mature B cell which has not yet been activated by antigen. CL:0000788 TAO:0009334 naive B lymphocyte nave B-cell nave B-lymphocyte teleost_anatomy A mature B cell which has not yet been activated by antigen. CL:curator alpha-beta T cell An immature or mature T cell expressing an alpha-beta T cell receptor complex. CL:0000789 TAO:0009335 alpha-beta T lymphocyte alpha-beta T-cell alpha-beta T-lymphocyte teleost_anatomy An immature or mature T cell expressing an alpha-beta T cell receptor complex. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-3 gamma-delta T cell An immature or mature T cell expressing an gamma-delta T cell receptor complex. CL:0000798 Note that gamma-delta T cell have both thymic and extrathymic differentiation pathways. TAO:0009336 gamma-delta T lymphocyte gamma-delta T-cell gamma-delta T-lymphocyte teleost_anatomy An immature or mature T cell expressing an gamma-delta T cell receptor complex. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-3 immature gamma-delta T cell An immature T cell expressing an gamma-delta T cell receptor complex. CL:0000799 Note that gamma-delta T cell have both thymic and extrathymic differentiation pathways. TAO:0009337 immature gamma-delta T lymphocyte immature gamma-delta T-cell immature gamma-delta T-lymphocyte teleost_anatomy An immature T cell expressing an gamma-delta T cell receptor complex. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-3 mature gamma-delta T cell A mature T cell expressing an gamma-delta T cell receptor complex. CL:0000800 TAO:0009338 mature gamma-delta T lymphocyte mature gamma-delta T-cell mature gamma-delta T-lymphocyte teleost_anatomy A mature T cell expressing an gamma-delta T cell receptor complex. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-3 gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell A gamma-delta T cell of the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. Intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements. CL:0000801 IEL TAO:0009339 gamma-delta intraepithelial T lymphocyte gamma-delta intraepithelial T-cell gamma-delta intraepithelial T-lymphocyte intraepithelial lymphocyte teleost_anatomy A gamma-delta T cell of the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. Intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-3 immature T cell An immature form of a T cell, a type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex. CL:0000804 TAO:0009340 immature T lymphocyte immature T-cell immature T-lymphocyte teleost_anatomy An immature form of a T cell, a type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-3 mature T cell A mature form of a T cell, a type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex. CL:0000812 TAO:0009341 mature T lymphocyte mature T-cell mature T-lymphocyte teleost_anatomy A mature form of a T cell, a type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-3 memory T cell A distinctly differentiated long-lived T cell that is readily activated upon reencounter of its antigenic determinant. CL:0000813 TAO:0009342 memory T lymphocyte memory T-cell memory T-lymphocyte teleost_anatomy A distinctly differentiated long-lived T cell that is readily activated upon reencounter of its antigenic determinant. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-3 immature B cell A immature form of a B cell, a type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of an immunoglobulin complex. CL:0000816 TAO:0009343 immature B lymphocyte immature B-cell immature B-lymphocyte teleost_anatomy A immature form of a B cell, a type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of an immunoglobulin complex. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-3 pre-B cell A fully committed immature B cell that expresses the pre-B cell receptor. CL:0000817 TAO:0009344 pre-B lymphocyte teleost_anatomy A fully committed immature B cell that expresses the pre-B cell receptor. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-3 transitional stage B cell An immature B cell of an intermediate stage between the pre-B cell stage and the mature nave stage. Transitional B cells express surface immunoglobulin, and are subject to the process of B cell selection. CL:0000818 T1 B cell T2 B cell T3 B cell TAO:0009345 teleost_anatomy transitional stage B lymphocyte transitional stage B-cell transitional stage B-lymphocyte An immature B cell of an intermediate stage between the pre-B cell stage and the mature nave stage. Transitional B cells express surface immunoglobulin, and are subject to the process of B cell selection. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-3 immature natural killer cell An immature form of a natural killer cell, a lymphocyte that can spontaneously kill a variety of target cells without prior antigenic activation via germline encoded activation receptors and also regulate immune responses via cytokine release and direct contact with other cells. Immature natural killer cells have begun to express the characteristic natural killer cell activation and inhibitory molecules through a selection process leading to tolerance to normal self cells. CL:0000823 TAO:0009346 p-NK teleost_anatomy An immature form of a natural killer cell, a lymphocyte that can spontaneously kill a variety of target cells without prior antigenic activation via germline encoded activation receptors and also regulate immune responses via cytokine release and direct contact with other cells. Immature natural killer cells have begun to express the characteristic natural killer cell activation and inhibitory molecules through a selection process leading to tolerance to normal self cells. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-3 mature natural killer cell A mature form of a natural killer cell, a lymphocyte that can spontaneously kill a variety of target cells without prior antigenic activation via germline encoded activation receptors and also regulate immune responses via cytokine release and direct contact with other cells. CL:0000824 LAK cell TAO:0009347 lymphokine activated killer cell teleost_anatomy A mature form of a natural killer cell, a lymphocyte that can spontaneously kill a variety of target cells without prior antigenic activation via germline encoded activation receptors and also regulate immune responses via cytokine release and direct contact with other cells. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-3 natural killer cell progenitor A progenitor committed to the natural killer cell lineage, expressing certain phenotypic markers of the natural killer cell lineage such as the IL-15 receptor, but lacking many of the phenotypic characteristics of later stages of natural killer cell development such as expression of NK activating and inhibitory molecules. CL:0000825 NKP TAO:0009348 null cell preNK cell teleost_anatomy A progenitor committed to the natural killer cell lineage, expressing certain phenotypic markers of the natural killer cell lineage such as the IL-15 receptor, but lacking many of the phenotypic characteristics of later stages of natural killer cell development such as expression of NK activating and inhibitory molecules. CL:curator pro-B cell A progenitor cell of the B cell lineage, with some lineage specific activity such as early stages of recombination of B cell receptor genes, but not yet fully committed to the B cell lineage until the expression of PAX5 occurs. CL:0000826 TAO:0009349 pro-B lymphocyte teleost_anatomy A progenitor cell of the B cell lineage, with some lineage specific activity such as early stages of recombination of B cell receptor genes, but not yet fully committed to the B cell lineage until the expression of PAX5 occurs. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-3 pro-T cell A progenitor cell of the T cell lineage, with some lineage specific marker expression, but not yet fully committed to the T cell lineage. CL:0000827 DN1 cell DN1 thymocyte T lymphoblast TAO:0009350 TN1 cell pro-T lymphocyte teleost_anatomy A progenitor cell of the T cell lineage, with some lineage specific marker expression, but not yet fully committed to the T cell lineage. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-3 thromboblast A progenitor cell of the thrombocyte, a nucleated blood cell involved in coagulation typically seen in birds and other non-mammalian vertebrates. CL:0000828 Note that this is a non-mammalian cell type. TAO:0009351 teleost_anatomy A progenitor cell of the thrombocyte, a nucleated blood cell involved in coagulation typically seen in birds and other non-mammalian vertebrates. CL:curator neutrophil progenitor cell A progenitor cell of the neutrophil lineage. CL:0000834 TAO:0009352 neutrophil stem cell teleost_anatomy A progenitor cell of the neutrophil lineage. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-1 myeloblast CL:0000835 TAO:0009353 The most primitive precursor in the granulocytic series, having fine, evenly distributed chromatin, several nucleoli, and a nongranular basophilic cytoplasm. teleost_anatomy The most primitive precursor in the granulocytic series, having fine, evenly distributed chromatin, several nucleoli, and a nongranular basophilic cytoplasm. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-1 hematopoietic progenitor cell A progenitor cell of any hematopoietic lineage, potentially multipotent. CL:0000837 Note that this is a class of cell types, not an identified single cell type. TAO:0009354 hemopoietic progenitor cell teleost_anatomy A progenitor cell of any hematopoietic lineage, potentially multipotent. CL:curator lymphoid progenitor cell A progenitor cell of any lymphoid lineage, potentially multipotent. CL:0000838 Note that this is a class of cell types, not an identified single cell type. TAO:0009355 teleost_anatomy A progenitor cell of any lymphoid lineage, potentially multipotent. CL:curator myeloid progenitor cell A progenitor cell of any myeloid lineage, potentially multipotent. CL:0000839 Note that this is a class of cell types, not an identified single cell type. TAO:0009356 teleost_anatomy A progenitor cell of any myeloid lineage, potentially multipotent. CL:curator mononuclear cell A leukocyte with a single non-segmented nucleus in the mature form. CL:0000842 TAO:0009357 teleost_anatomy A leukocyte with a single non-segmented nucleus in the mature form. CL:curator ciliated olfactory receptor neuron An olfactory receptor cell in which the apical ending of the dendrite is a pronounced ciliated olfactory knob. CL:0000847 TAO:0009358 ciliated olfactory sensory neuron ciliated sensory neuron teleost_anatomy An olfactory receptor cell in which the apical ending of the dendrite is a pronounced ciliated olfactory knob. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-060724-7 microvillous olfactory receptor neuron An olfactory receptor cell in which the apical ending of the dendrite is a knob that bears numerous microvilli. CL:0000848 TAO:0009359 microvillous olfactory sensory neuron microvillous sensory neuron teleost_anatomy An olfactory receptor cell in which the apical ending of the dendrite is a knob that bears numerous microvilli. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-060724-7 crypt olfactory receptor neuron An olfactory receptor cell with short cilia growing in an invagination bordered by microvilli. CL:0000849 TAO:0009360 crypt cell crypt olfactory sensory neuron crypt sensory neuron teleost_anatomy An olfactory receptor cell with short cilia growing in an invagination bordered by microvilli. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-060724-7 serotonergic neuron 5-HT neuron 5-hydroxytryptamine neuron A neuron that releases serotonin as a neurotransmitter. CL:0000403 CL:0000850 TAO:0009192 TAO:0009361 serotinergic neuron teleost_anatomy A neuron that releases serotonin as a neurotransmitter. CL:curator neuromast mantle cell CL:0000851 Neuromast mantle cell is a non-sensory cell. Neuromast mantle cells surround the neuromast support cells and neuromast hair cells, separating the neuromast from the epidermis, and secrete cupula in which the ciliary bundles of all the hair cells are embedded. TAO:0009362 teleost_anatomy Neuromast mantle cell is a non-sensory cell. Neuromast mantle cells surround the neuromast support cells and neuromast hair cells, separating the neuromast from the epidermis, and secrete cupula in which the ciliary bundles of all the hair cells are embedded. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-7 neuromast support cell CL:0000852 Neuromast support cell is a non-sensory cell of the neuromast that extend between the sensory hair cells from the basement membrane to the apical surface; neuromast support cells are surrounded by neuromast mantle cells. TAO:0009363 teleost_anatomy Neuromast support cell is a non-sensory cell of the neuromast that extend between the sensory hair cells from the basement membrane to the apical surface; neuromast support cells are surrounded by neuromast mantle cells. ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070221-7 olfactory epithelial support cell CL:0000853 Olfactory epithelial support cell is a non ciliated columnar cell that extends from the epithelial free margin to the basement membrane of the olfactory epithelium. TAO:0009364 olfactory sustentacular cell teleost_anatomy CL:curator Olfactory epithelial support cell is a non ciliated columnar cell that extends from the epithelial free margin to the basement membrane of the olfactory epithelium. interneuromast cell CL:0000854 Interneuromast cell is a neuroectodermal cell deposited by the migrating lateral line primordium between the neuromasts. Interneuromast cells proliferate and migrate to form additional neuromasts. TAO:0009365 teleost_anatomy CL:curator Interneuromast cell is a neuroectodermal cell deposited by the migrating lateral line primordium between the neuromasts. Interneuromast cells proliferate and migrate to form additional neuromasts. hair cell CL:0000855 Hair cell is a mechanoreceptor cell that is sensitive to movement of the hair-like projections (stereocilia and kinocilia) which relay the information centrally in the nervous system. TAO:0009366 teleost_anatomy CL:curator Hair cell is a mechanoreceptor cell that is sensitive to movement of the hair-like projections (stereocilia and kinocilia) which relay the information centrally in the nervous system. neuromast hair cell CL:0000856 Neuromast hair cell is a hair cell that acts as a sensory receptor of the neuromast; it is morphologically polarized as a result of the relative position of the single kinocilium and the clusters of stereocilia on its apical surface. TAO:0009367 teleost_anatomy CL:curator Neuromast hair cell is a hair cell that acts as a sensory receptor of the neuromast; it is morphologically polarized as a result of the relative position of the single kinocilium and the clusters of stereocilia on its apical surface. slow muscle myoblast A skeletal muscle myoblast that differentiates into slow muscle fibers. CL:0000857 TAO:0009368 teleost_anatomy A skeletal muscle myoblast that differentiates into slow muscle fibers. CL:curator fast muscle myoblast A skeletal muscle myoblast that differentiates into fast muscle fibers. CL:0000858 TAO:0009369 teleost_anatomy A skeletal muscle myoblast that differentiates into fast muscle fibers. CL:curator stretch receptor cell CL:1000082 TAO:0009370 teleost_anatomy stratified keratinized epithelial stem cell CL:1000083 TAO:0009371 teleost_anatomy teleost anatomical entity TAO:0100000 teleost_anatomy true cartilage element Skeletal element that is composed of cartilage tissue and may be permanent or transient. VSAO:0000000 cartilage cartilaginous element chondrogenic element vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy GO_REF:0000034 PSPUB:0000170 Skeletal element that is composed of cartilage tissue and may be permanent or transient. surface structure Organism subdivision which is the collection of anatomical structures on the body surface. VSAO:0000001 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Organism subdivision which is the collection of anatomical structures on the body surface. ZFIN:curator mode of ossification GO:0001503 GO:0001503 The formation of bone or of a bony substanc, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance. VSAO:0000002 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy GOC:mtg_mpo, PMID:17572649 The formation of bone or of a bony substanc, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance. permanent cartilage Chondrogenic element that is composed of cartilage that is not replaced. VSAO:0000003 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Chondrogenic element that is composed of cartilage that is not replaced. PSPUB:0000170 opercle bone Dermal bone that forms the postero-dorsal part of the opercular series. The opercle articulates with the hyomandibula antero-dorsally and with the subopercle ventrally. The opercle is a paired bone. TAO:0000250 Term resides in TAO. VSAO:0000004 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Dermal bone that forms the postero-dorsal part of the opercular series. The opercle articulates with the hyomandibula antero-dorsally and with the subopercle ventrally. The opercle is a paired bone. TAO:curator basihyal element TAO:0001891 Term resides in TAO. VSAO:0000005 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy cell condensation Anatomical structure that is an aggregation of similar cells from which cartilages and bones form, and from which chondrogenesis and osteogenesis are initiated during repair and/or regeneration. (Hall and Miyake 1995). VSAO:0000006 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Anatomical structure that is an aggregation of similar cells from which cartilages and bones form, and from which chondrogenesis and osteogenesis are initiated during repair and/or regeneration. (Hall and Miyake 1995). PSPUB:0000170 basihyal bone Endochondral bone that is median and is the anterior-most bone of the ventral hyoid arch. TAO:0000316 Term resides in TAO. VSAO:0000007 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Endochondral bone that is median and is the anterior-most bone of the ventral hyoid arch. TAO:curator neural crest cell A cell derived from the specialized ectoderm flanking each side of the embryonic neural plate, which after the closure of the neural tube, forms masses of cells that migrate out from the dorsal aspect of the neural tube to spread throughout the body. CL:0000333 CL:0000333 VSAO:0000008 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy A cell derived from the specialized ectoderm flanking each side of the embryonic neural plate, which after the closure of the neural tube, forms masses of cells that migrate out from the dorsal aspect of the neural tube to spread throughout the body. VSAO:curator notochordal cell CL:0007005 Cell of the notochord, often vacuolated or resembles a chondrocyte. VSAO:0000009 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Cell of the notochord, often vacuolated or resembles a chondrocyte. VSAO:curator notochordal mesodermal cell CL:0007006 VSAO:0000010 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy mesodermal cell CL:0000222 CL:0000222 Cell derived from mesoderm. VSAO:0000011 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Cell derived from mesoderm. VSAO:curator skeletogenic cell CL:0007001 Cell that has the potential to form a skeletal cell type (e.g., cells in periosteum, cells in marrow) and produce extracellular matrix (often mineralized) and skeletal tissue (often mineralized). VSAO:0000012 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Cell that has the potential to form a skeletal cell type (e.g., cells in periosteum, cells in marrow) and produce extracellular matrix (often mineralized) and skeletal tissue (often mineralized). VSAO:curator mineralized tissue VSAO:0000013 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy basihyal cartilage Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is median and is the anterior-most cartilage of the ventral hyoid arch. TAO:0001510 Term resides in TAO. VSAO:0000014 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is median and is the anterior-most cartilage of the ventral hyoid arch. TAO:curator skeletal tissue A specialized form of connective tissue in which the extracellular matrix is firm, providing the tissue with resilience, and/or mineralized and that functions in mechanical and structural support. VSAO:0000015 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy A specialized form of connective tissue in which the extracellular matrix is firm, providing the tissue with resilience, and/or mineralized and that functions in mechanical and structural support. GO_REF:0000034 PSPUB:0000170 basihyal condensation VSAO:0000016 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy connective tissue Tissue with cells that deposit non-polarized extracellular matrix including connective tissue fibers and ground substance. VSAO:0000017 portion of connective tissue vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy GO_REF:0000034 PSPUB:0000170 Tissue with cells that deposit non-polarized extracellular matrix including connective tissue fibers and ground substance. ventral hyoid arch TAO:0001402 Term resides in TAO. VSAO:0000018 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy chordablast CL:0007008 Epithelial cell that is large, vacuolated, and part of the notochord. VSAO:0000019 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Epithelial cell that is large, vacuolated, and part of the notochord. VSAO:curator mineralized extracellular matrix Extracellular matrix that is mineralized. VSAO:0000020 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Extracellular matrix that is mineralized. PSPUB:0000170 proteinaceous extracellular matrix A layer consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that forms a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells. The proteins are secreted by cells in the vicinity. An example of this component is found in Mus musculus. [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198547684]. VSAO:0000021 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy A layer consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that forms a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells. The proteins are secreted by cells in the vicinity. An example of this component is found in Mus musculus. [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198547684]. GO:[GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198547684] GO_REF:0000034 VSAO:curator extracellular matrix Combination of protein fibers, ground substance and tissue fluid; typically has embedded cells. ECM VSAO:0000022 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Combination of protein fibers, ground substance and tissue fluid; typically has embedded cells. PSPUB:0000170 ECM VSAO:curator membrane bone Bone element that arises as a result of intramembranous ossification. VSAO:0000023 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Bone element that arises as a result of intramembranous ossification. GO_REF:0000034 PSPUB:0000170 intercalar Small membrane bone homologous with a cartilage bone in more basal fishes (Patterson, 1977). Situated between the exoccipital and the pterotic at point of attachment of short ligament that originates on the ventral arm of the posttemporal. TAO:0000474 Term resides in TAO. VSAO:0000024 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Small membrane bone homologous with a cartilage bone in more basal fishes (Patterson, 1977). Situated between the exoccipital and the pterotic at point of attachment of short ligament that originates on the ventral arm of the posttemporal. TAO:curator odontogenic papilla Cell condensation that is a well-defined population of densely organized mesenchymal cells that aggregates adjacent to an epithelium. VSAO:0000025 dental papilla odontogenic condensation vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Cell condensation that is a well-defined population of densely organized mesenchymal cells that aggregates adjacent to an epithelium. PSPUB:0000170 VSAO:curator dental papilla VSAO:curator odontogenic condensation skeleton Anatomical cluster that consists of all the skeletal elements (eg., bone, cartilage, and teeth) of the body. VSAO:0000026 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Anatomical cluster that consists of all the skeletal elements (eg., bone, cartilage, and teeth) of the body. GO_REF:0000034 skeletal system Anatomical system that is a multi-element, multi-tissue anatomical cluster that consists of the skeleton and the articular system. VSAO:0000027 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Anatomical system that is a multi-element, multi-tissue anatomical cluster that consists of the skeleton and the articular system. GO_REF:0000034 PSPUB:0000170 integumentary papilla Odontogenic papilla that is located in the integument. VSAO:0000028 scale papilla vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Odontogenic papilla that is located in the integument. PSPUB:0000170 VSAO:curator scale papilla integument Surface structure that is the outer protective covering of the body. VSAO:0000029 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy PSPUB:0000170 Surface structure that is the outer protective covering of the body. oropharyngeal papilla Odontogenic papilla located along the jaws or pharyngeal skeleton. VSAO:0000030 oropharyngeal dental papilla vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Odontogenic papilla located along the jaws or pharyngeal skeleton. PSPUB:0000170 VSAO:curator oropharyngeal dental papilla musculoskeletal system Anatomical system that consists of the muscular and skeletal systems. VSAO:0000031 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Anatomical system that consists of the muscular and skeletal systems. VSAO:curator notochord Avascular multi-tissue structure composed of large vacuolated epithelial cells (chordablasts) and perichordal fibrous tissue. VSAO:0000032 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Avascular multi-tissue structure composed of large vacuolated epithelial cells (chordablasts) and perichordal fibrous tissue. PSPUB:0000170 muscular system Anatomical system that consists of the muscles of the body. VSAO:0000033 musculature system vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Anatomical system that consists of the muscles of the body. VSAO:curator VSAO:curator musculature system oropharynx VSAO:0000034 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy dermal skeleton Skeletal subdivision that undergoes direct development and includes elements that either develop in association with the basement membrane of the ectoderm or are homologous with such elements; includes dermatocranium, components of the appendicular skeleton, teeth and tooth-like elements of the oropharynx, and integumentary elements. VSAO:0000035 dermal skeletal system dermoskeleton desmoskeleton exoskeleton vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy VSAO:curator dermal skeletal system VSAO:curator exoskeleton VSAO:curator dermoskeleton GO_REF:0000034 PSPUB:0000170 Skeletal subdivision that undergoes direct development and includes elements that either develop in association with the basement membrane of the ectoderm or are homologous with such elements; includes dermatocranium, components of the appendicular skeleton, teeth and tooth-like elements of the oropharynx, and integumentary elements. VSAO:curator desmoskeleton perichondrium Fibrous connective tissue that surrounds cartilage. VSAO:0000036 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Fibrous connective tissue that surrounds cartilage. GO_REF:0000034 PSPUB:0000170 endoskeleton Skeletal subdivision that undergoes indirect development and includes elements that develop as a replacement or substitution of other elements or tissues. VSAO:0000037 replacement skeleton vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy GO_REF:0000034 PSPUB:0000170 Skeletal subdivision that undergoes indirect development and includes elements that develop as a replacement or substitution of other elements or tissues. VSAO:curator replacement skeleton preameloblast CL:0007000 Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to develop into an ameloblast. VSAO:0000038 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to develop into an ameloblast. VSAO:curator chordoblast CL:0007008 Skeletogenic cell that is derived from the notochordal mesoderm and produces notochordal tissue (and cartilage tissue in some taxa). VSAO:0000039 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Skeletogenic cell that is derived from the notochordal mesoderm and produces notochordal tissue (and cartilage tissue in some taxa). VSAO:curator cartilage tissue Skeletal tissue that is avascular, rich in glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and typically includes chondrocytes within isolated lacunae. Cartilage tissue is deposited by chondroblasts. VSAO:0000040 cartilage chondrogenic tissue vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy GO_REF:0000034 PSPUB:0000170 Skeletal tissue that is avascular, rich in glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and typically includes chondrocytes within isolated lacunae. Cartilage tissue is deposited by chondroblasts. VSAO:curator cartilage VSAO:curator chondrogenic tissue preodontoblast CL:0007003 Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to form an odontoblast, deposits predentine, and arises from a neural crest cell. VSAO:0000041 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to form an odontoblast, deposits predentine, and arises from a neural crest cell. VSAO:curator skeletal subdivision Anatomical cluster consisting of the skeletal elements that are part of the skeleton. VSAO:0000042 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Anatomical cluster consisting of the skeletal elements that are part of the skeleton. VSAO:curator precementoblast CL:0007002 Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to develop into a cementoblast. VSAO:0000043 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to develop into a cementoblast. VSAO:curator prechondroblast CL:0007009 Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to develop into a chondroblast; and arises from neural crest, meseosdermal and notochordal and connective tissue cells. VSAO:0000044 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to develop into a chondroblast; and arises from neural crest, meseosdermal and notochordal and connective tissue cells. VSAO:curator preosteoblast CL:0007010 Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to transform into an osteoblast, and develops from neural crest or mesodermal cells. VSAO:0000045 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to transform into an osteoblast, and develops from neural crest or mesodermal cells. VSAO:curator osteoid Bone tissue that is an unmineralized bone matrix deposited by osteoblasts prior to the mineralization of bone tissue. VSAO:0000046 pre-bone prebone vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Bone tissue that is an unmineralized bone matrix deposited by osteoblasts prior to the mineralization of bone tissue. GO_REF:0000034 PSPUB:0000170 PSPUB:0000170 pre-bone VSAO:curator prebone bone tissue Skeletal tissue with a collagen-rich extracellular matrix vascularized, mineralized with hydroxyapatite and typically including osteocytes located in lacunae that communicate with one another by cell processes (in canaliculi). Bone is deposited by osteoblasts. VSAO:0000047 bone osteogenic tissue vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy GO_REF:0000034 PSPUB:0000170 Skeletal tissue with a collagen-rich extracellular matrix vascularized, mineralized with hydroxyapatite and typically including osteocytes located in lacunae that communicate with one another by cell processes (in canaliculi). Bone is deposited by osteoblasts. VSAO:curator osteogenic tissue VSAO:curator bone scale VSAO:0000048 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy cranial skeleton Skeletal subdivision of the head including skull (cranium plus mandible), pharyngeal and/or hyoid apparatus. VSAO:0000049 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy PSPUB:0000170 Skeletal subdivision of the head including skull (cranium plus mandible), pharyngeal and/or hyoid apparatus. dense regular connective tissue Connective tissue that is dominated by collagen fibres organized into a definitive pattern (e.g., parallel to one another), with comparatively fewer cells (mostly fibroblasts). VSAO:0000050 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Connective tissue that is dominated by collagen fibres organized into a definitive pattern (e.g., parallel to one another), with comparatively fewer cells (mostly fibroblasts). GO_REF:0000034 PSPUB:0000170 lepidosteoid scale Multi-layer ganoid scale composed of ganoine and cellular bone. VSAO:0000051 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Multi-layer ganoid scale composed of ganoine and cellular bone. PSPUB:0000170 ganoid scale Thick, rhomboid-shaped integumentary skeletal element composed of multiple tissues including ganoine and bone. VSAO:0000052 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy PSPUB:0000170 Thick, rhomboid-shaped integumentary skeletal element composed of multiple tissues including ganoine and bone. vacuolated notochordal tissue Connective tissue that is matrix-poor with large number of vacuolated cells. VSAO:0000053 notochord proper vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Connective tissue that is matrix-poor with large number of vacuolated cells. PSPUB:0000170 VSAO:curator notochord proper perichordal tissue Derived from cells surrounding the notochord (possibly the slerotome). Disparate from (not derived from) notochord. Fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the notochord; includes a layer of elastin. VSAO:0000054 notochord perichordal connective tissue perichordal sheath perichordal sheath tissue vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy VSAO:curator perichordal sheath tissue VSAO:curator notochord VSAO:curator perichordal connective tissue VSAO:curator perichordal sheath Fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the notochord; includes a layer of elastin. GO_REF:0000034 PSPUB:0000170 polypteroid scale Multi-tissue structure composed of ganoine, dentine, elasmodine and cellular bone. VSAO:0000055 polypterid scale vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Multi-tissue structure composed of ganoine, dentine, elasmodine and cellular bone. PSPUB:0000170 VSAO:curator polypterid scale axial skeleton Skeletal subdivision of the central body axis including the cranium, vertebrae, notochord, ribs, and sternum. VSAO:0000056 axial skeletal system vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy PSPUB:0000170 Skeletal subdivision of the central body axis including the cranium, vertebrae, notochord, ribs, and sternum. VSAO:curator axial skeletal system bone element Skeletal element that is composed of bone tissue. VSAO:0000057 bone bone organ vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy PSPUB:0000170 Skeletal element that is composed of bone tissue. chondroblast CL:0000058 CL:0000058 Skeletogenic cell that is typically non-terminally differentiated, secretes an avascular, GAG rich matrix; is not buried in cartilage tissue matrix, retains the ability to divide, located adjacent to cartilage tissue (including within the perichondrium), and develops from prechondroblast (and thus prechondrogenic) cell. VSAO:0000058 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Skeletogenic cell that is typically non-terminally differentiated, secretes an avascular, GAG rich matrix; is not buried in cartilage tissue matrix, retains the ability to divide, located adjacent to cartilage tissue (including within the perichondrium), and develops from prechondroblast (and thus prechondrogenic) cell. VSAO:curator avascular GAG-rich matrix Proteinaceous extracellular matrix that is avascular and consists primarily of glycosaminoglycans. VSAO:0000059 avascular glycosaminoglycan-rich matrix cartilage matrix cartilage-like matrix vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy VSAO:curator cartilage-like matrix PSPUB:0000170 Proteinaceous extracellular matrix that is avascular and consists primarily of glycosaminoglycans. VSAO:curator avascular glycosaminoglycan-rich matrix VSAO:curator cartilage matrix osteoblast CL:0000062 CL:0000062 Skeletogenic cell that secretes osteoid, is capable of producing mineralized (hydroxyapatite) matrix, is located adjacent to or within osteoid tissue, and arises from the transformation of a preosteoblast cell. VSAO:0000060 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Skeletogenic cell that secretes osteoid, is capable of producing mineralized (hydroxyapatite) matrix, is located adjacent to or within osteoid tissue, and arises from the transformation of a preosteoblast cell. VSAO:curator cementoblast CL:0000061 CL:0000061 Skeletogenic cell that produces cementum (= bone of attachment), is part of the odontogenic papilla, and develops from a precementoblast cell. VSAO:0000061 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Skeletogenic cell that produces cementum (= bone of attachment), is part of the odontogenic papilla, and develops from a precementoblast cell. VSAO:curator cementum Odontoid tissue that is deposited by cementoblasts onto dentine tissue and functions to attach teeth, odontodes and other odontogenic derivatives to bone tissue and the integument. VSAO:0000062 bone of attachment vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Odontoid tissue that is deposited by cementoblasts onto dentine tissue and functions to attach teeth, odontodes and other odontogenic derivatives to bone tissue and the integument. PSPUB:0000170 VSAO:curator bone of attachment odontoid tissue Skeletal tissue that is part of the exoskeleton and derived from an odontogenic papilla. VSAO:0000063 dental tissue odontogenic tissue vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy PSPUB:0000170 Skeletal tissue that is part of the exoskeleton and derived from an odontogenic papilla. VSAO:curator dental tissue VSAO:curator odontogenic tissue ameloblast CL:0000059 CL:0000059 Skeletogenic cell that produces enamel, overlies the odontogenic papilla, and arises from the differentiation of a preameloblast cell. VSAO:0000064 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Skeletogenic cell that produces enamel, overlies the odontogenic papilla, and arises from the differentiation of a preameloblast cell. VSAO:curator enamel Skeletal tissue that consists of an avascular, noncollagenous, hypermineralized matrix that is deposited by ameloblasts that are excluded from the matrix. Enamel develops from organic pre-enamel tissue that is replaced by a largely inorganic matrix. VSAO:0000065 enamel tissue vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy VSAO:curator enamel tissue PSPUB:0000170 Skeletal tissue that consists of an avascular, noncollagenous, hypermineralized matrix that is deposited by ameloblasts that are excluded from the matrix. Enamel develops from organic pre-enamel tissue that is replaced by a largely inorganic matrix. pre-enamel Odontogenic tissue that is avascular non-mineralized matrix that is deposited by preameloblast and ameloblasts that are excluded from the matrix. VSAO:0000066 pre-enamel tissue preenamel tissue vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy VSAO:curator preenamel tissue VSAO:curator pre-enamel tissue Odontogenic tissue that is avascular non-mineralized matrix that is deposited by preameloblast and ameloblasts that are excluded from the matrix. PSPUB:0000170 paired appendage VSAO:0000067 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy odontoblast CL:0000060 CL:0000060 Skeletogenic cell that secretes dentine matrix, is derived from the odontogenic papilla, and develops from a preodontoblast cell. VSAO:0000068 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Skeletogenic cell that secretes dentine matrix, is derived from the odontogenic papilla, and develops from a preodontoblast cell. VSAO:curator dentine Collagen-rich odontogenic tissue characteristic of teeth and tooth-like skeletal elements (e.g., odontodes); mature dentine is mineralized and develops from predentine tissue; often (but not always) tubular and acellular. VSAO:0000069 dental tissue vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Collagen-rich odontogenic tissue characteristic of teeth and tooth-like skeletal elements (e.g., odontodes); mature dentine is mineralized and develops from predentine tissue; often (but not always) tubular and acellular. PSPUB:0000170 VSAO:curator dental tissue elasmoid scale Multi-tissue integumentary element composed dentine, elasmodine, and hypermineralized tissue. VSAO:0000070 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Multi-tissue integumentary element composed dentine, elasmodine, and hypermineralized tissue. PSPUB:0000170 pre-dentine Odontogenic tissue that is collagen-rich and characteristic of vertebrate teeth and tooth-like structures (e.g., odontodes) deposited by preodontoblasts and odontoblasts that are typically excluded from the matrix. VSAO:0000071 pre-dentine tissue predentine tissue vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy VSAO:curator pre-dentine tissue VSAO:curator predentine tissue Odontogenic tissue that is collagen-rich and characteristic of vertebrate teeth and tooth-like structures (e.g., odontodes) deposited by preodontoblasts and odontoblasts that are typically excluded from the matrix. PSPUB:0000170 ligament Dense regular connective tissue connecting two or more adjacent skeletal elements or supporting an organ. VSAO:0000072 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Dense regular connective tissue connecting two or more adjacent skeletal elements or supporting an organ. PSPUB:0000170 tendon Dense regular connective tissue that connects muscle to bone. VSAO:0000073 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Dense regular connective tissue that connects muscle to bone. PSPUB:0000170 palaeoniscoid scale Multi-tissue structure composed of ganoine, dentine and bone; not known in extant taxa. Palaeoniscus-type scale VSAO:0000074 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Palaeoniscus-type scale VSAO:curator Multi-tissue structure composed of ganoine, dentine and bone; not known in extant taxa. PSPUB:0000170 appendage VSAO:0000075 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy appendicular skeleton Skeletal subdivision consisting of all the skeletal elements in the pectoral and pelvic appendage complexes. VSAO:0000076 appendicular skeletal system vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy PSPUB:0000170 Skeletal subdivision consisting of all the skeletal elements in the pectoral and pelvic appendage complexes. UBERON:cjm VSAO:curator appendicular skeletal system non-mineralized chondroid tissue VSAO:0000077 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy chondroid tissue Skeletal tissue that is mineralized, has large chondrocyte-like cells, sparse extracellular matrix, and minimal perichondrium; develops from non-mineralized chondroid tissue. VSAO:0000078 chondroid bone tissue vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy PSPUB:0000170 Skeletal tissue that is mineralized, has large chondrocyte-like cells, sparse extracellular matrix, and minimal perichondrium; develops from non-mineralized chondroid tissue. TAO:curator VSAO:curator chondroid bone tissue odontode scale Multi-tissue structure composed of enameloid, dentine surrounding a pulp cavity, and bone of attachment anchoring the element into the dermis. VSAO:0000079 placoid scale vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy VSAO:curator placoid scale Multi-tissue structure composed of enameloid, dentine surrounding a pulp cavity, and bone of attachment anchoring the element into the dermis. PSPUB:0000170 keratin-based scale Fold or elevation of the epidermis rich in keratin proteins; possibly calcified but does not contain skeletal elements. VSAO:0000080 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Fold or elevation of the epidermis rich in keratin proteins; possibly calcified but does not contain skeletal elements. PSPUB:0000170 cosmoid scale Multi-tissue integumentary element composed of enamel or enameloid, dentine and lamellar bone, and characterized by pore-canal system. VSAO:0000081 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Multi-tissue integumentary element composed of enamel or enameloid, dentine and lamellar bone, and characterized by pore-canal system. PSPUB:0000170 craniofacial skeleton Cranial skeleton derived from neural crest cells. Cranio-facial skeleton VSAO:0000082 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Cranial skeleton derived from neural crest cells. PSPUB:0000170 Cranio-facial skeleton VSAO:curator craniofacial region VSAO:0000083 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy cementocyte CL:0000141 CL:0000141 Skeletogenic cell that produces cementum, is part of the odontogenic papilla, and is a transformation of a cementoblast cell. VSAO:0000084 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Skeletogenic cell that produces cementum, is part of the odontogenic papilla, and is a transformation of a cementoblast cell. VSAO:curator chondrocyte CL:0000138 CL:0000138 Skeletogenic cell that is terminally differentiated, secretes an avascular, GAG-rich matrix, is embedded in cartilage tissue matrix, retains the ability to divide, and develops from a chondroblast cell. VSAO:0000085 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Skeletogenic cell that is terminally differentiated, secretes an avascular, GAG-rich matrix, is embedded in cartilage tissue matrix, retains the ability to divide, and develops from a chondroblast cell. VSAO:curator secondary cartilage tissue Cartilage tissue that is part of the exoskeleton, deposited adjacent to bone after bone formation. VSAO:0000086 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Cartilage tissue that is part of the exoskeleton, deposited adjacent to bone after bone formation. PSPUB:0000170 cosmine VSAO:0000087 cosmoid scale tissue vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy PSPUB:0000170 cosmoid scale tissue mineralized cartilage tissue Cartilage tissue that is mineralized. VSAO:0000088 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Cartilage tissue that is mineralized. PSPUB:0000170 non-mineralized cartilage tissue Cartilage tissue that is not mineralized. VSAO:0000089 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Cartilage tissue that is not mineralized. PSPUB:0000170 integumentary skeleton Skeletal subdivision that is part of the extra-oral dermal skeletal system that develops and remains invested within the integument, primarily the dermis. VSAO:0000090 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy PSPUB:0000170 Skeletal subdivision that is part of the extra-oral dermal skeletal system that develops and remains invested within the integument, primarily the dermis. elastic cartilage tissue Cartilage tissue that is flexible and contains abundant elastic fibers. VSAO:0000091 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Cartilage tissue that is flexible and contains abundant elastic fibers. PSPUB:0000170 chondrogenic condensation Cell condensation that is an aggregation of mesenchymal cells that are committed to differentiate into chondroblasts and chondrocytes. VSAO:0000092 cartilaginous condensation vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Cell condensation that is an aggregation of mesenchymal cells that are committed to differentiate into chondroblasts and chondrocytes. GO:curator postcranial axial skeleton Skeletal subdivision of the central body axis including vertebrae, notochord, ribs, and sternum. VSAO:0000093 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy PSPUB:0000170 Skeletal subdivision of the central body axis including vertebrae, notochord, ribs, and sternum. hyaline cartilage tissue Cartilage tissue primarily composed of type II collagen (thin fibrils) and a glassy appearance. VSAO:0000094 hyaline cartilage vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Cartilage tissue primarily composed of type II collagen (thin fibrils) and a glassy appearance. PSPUB:0000170 VSAO:curator hyaline cartilage non-terminally differentiated odontoblast CL:00007012 Odontoblast that non-terminally differentiated, located in the odontogenic papilla and dentine tissue, and transforms from a odontoblast cell. VSAO:0000095 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Odontoblast that non-terminally differentiated, located in the odontogenic papilla and dentine tissue, and transforms from a odontoblast cell. PSPUB:0000170 terminally differentiated odontoblast CL:00007013 Odontoblast that is terminally differentiated and derived from an odontogenic papilla and associated with dentine. VSAO:0000096 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Odontoblast that is terminally differentiated and derived from an odontogenic papilla and associated with dentine. VSAO:curator orthodentine Odontoid tissue that typically contains tubules and is acellular. VSAO:0000097 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Odontoid tissue that typically contains tubules and is acellular. PSPUB:0000170 hypertrophic chondrocyte CL:0000743 CL:0000743 Chondrocyte that is terminally differentiated, produces type X collagen, is large in size, and often associated with the replacement of cartilage by bone (endochondral ossification). VSAO:0000098 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Chondrocyte that is terminally differentiated, produces type X collagen, is large in size, and often associated with the replacement of cartilage by bone (endochondral ossification). VSAO:curator fin Surface structure involved in locomotion. UBERON:0008897 VSAO:0000099 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Surface structure involved in locomotion. TAO:curator periarticular chondrocyte CL:0000742 CL:0000742 Chondrocyte that is located on a joint surface; part of articular cartilage. VSAO:0000100 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Chondrocyte that is located on a joint surface; part of articular cartilage. VSAO:curator joint Anatomical cluster that consists of two or more adjacent bones or cartilages, which may be interconnected by various types of tissue. VSAO:0000101 articulation vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Anatomical cluster that consists of two or more adjacent bones or cartilages, which may be interconnected by various types of tissue. PSPUB:0000170 osteodentine VSAO:0000102 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy fibrocartilage Cartilage tissue intermediate between hyaline cartilage and dense connective tissue; contains of abundant collagen fibers; chondrocytes often arranged in columns. VSAO:0000103 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Cartilage tissue intermediate between hyaline cartilage and dense connective tissue; contains of abundant collagen fibers; chondrocytes often arranged in columns. PSPUB:0000170 ganoine Odontogenic tissue that is hypermineralized acellular, noncollagenous, covered by an epidermis and often deposited in multiple layers. VSAO:0000104 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Odontogenic tissue that is hypermineralized acellular, noncollagenous, covered by an epidermis and often deposited in multiple layers. PSPUB:0000170 limiting layer of elasmoid scale Hypermineralized tissue lacking collagen (except Sharpey's fibres), developing in close proximity to the basal cells of the overlying epithelium. VSAO:0000105 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Hypermineralized tissue lacking collagen (except Sharpey's fibres), developing in close proximity to the basal cells of the overlying epithelium. PSPUB:0000170 vasodentine Dentine tissue that lacks dentine tubules and that is penetrated by blood capillaries. VSAO:0000106 vascular dentine vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Dentine tissue that lacks dentine tubules and that is penetrated by blood capillaries. PSPUB:0000170 VSAO:curator vascular dentine elasmodine Odontogenic tissue that consists of multiple layers of collagen fibers organized in orthogonal or twisted arrangements. VSAO:0000107 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Odontogenic tissue that consists of multiple layers of collagen fibers organized in orthogonal or twisted arrangements. PSPUB:0000170 non-mineralized hyaline cartilage tissue Hyaline cartilage tissue that is not mineralized. VSAO:0000108 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Hyaline cartilage tissue that is not mineralized. PSPUB:0000170 mineralized hyaline cartilage tissue Hyaline cartilage tissue that is mineralized. VSAO:0000109 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Hyaline cartilage tissue that is mineralized. PSPUB:0000170 columnar chondrocyte CL:0000744 Chondrocyte that is linearly arranged with other columnar chondrocytes. VSAO:0000110 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Chondrocyte that is linearly arranged with other columnar chondrocytes. PSPUB:0000170 paired fin Fin that is one of a pair located ventrally on the organism. UBERON:0000151 VSAO:0000111 artioptérygie (French) nageoire paire (French) vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy PSPUB:0000164 nageoire paire (French) Fin that is one of a pair located ventrally on the organism. TAO:curator PSPUB:0000140 artioptérygie (French) odontocyte CL:0000140 CL:0000140 Skeletogenic cell that secretes dentine matrix, is derived from odontogenic papilla. Embedded in dentine tissue, and is the transformation of a non-terminally differentiated odontoblast cell. VSAO:0000112 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Skeletogenic cell that secretes dentine matrix, is derived from odontogenic papilla. Embedded in dentine tissue, and is the transformation of a non-terminally differentiated odontoblast cell. VSAO:curator enameloid Skeletal tissue that is hypermineralized and aprismatic and deposited by a combination of ameloblasts and odontoblasts that are excluded from the matrix. Enameloid develops from pre-enameloid tissue. VSAO:0000113 bitypic enamel durodentine enameloid tissue vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy vitrodentine VSAO:curator enameloid tissue VSAO:curator durodentine PSPUB:0000170 Skeletal tissue that is hypermineralized and aprismatic and deposited by a combination of ameloblasts and odontoblasts that are excluded from the matrix. Enameloid develops from pre-enameloid tissue. VSAO:curator vitrodentine VSAO:curator bitypic enamel pre-enameloid Odontoid tissue that is avascular non-mineralized matrix that is deposited by odontoblasts and ameloblasts that are excluded from the matrix. VSAO:0000114 non-mineralized enameloid tissue vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy VSAO:curator non-mineralized enameloid tissue Odontoid tissue that is avascular non-mineralized matrix that is deposited by odontoblasts and ameloblasts that are excluded from the matrix. PSPUB:0000170 mineralized bone tissue Bone tissue mineralized with hydroxyapatite. VSAO:0000115 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Bone tissue mineralized with hydroxyapatite. PSPUB:0000170 terminally differentiated osteoblast CL:0001039 Osteoblast that is terminally differentiated, located adjacent to acellular or cellular bone tissue within periosteum, and is capable of mineralizing the matrix. VSAO:0000116 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Osteoblast that is terminally differentiated, located adjacent to acellular or cellular bone tissue within periosteum, and is capable of mineralizing the matrix. VSAO:curator non-terminally differentiated osteoblast CL:0001040 Osteoblast that is non-terminally differentiated and located in cellular bone tissue or under the periosteum in acellular bone. VSAO:0000117 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Osteoblast that is non-terminally differentiated and located in cellular bone tissue or under the periosteum in acellular bone. VSAO:curator cellular bone tissue Mineralized bone tissue that always includes non-terminally differentiated osteoblasts and osteocytes. VSAO:0000118 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Mineralized bone tissue that always includes non-terminally differentiated osteoblasts and osteocytes. PSPUB:0000170 non-mineralized avascular GAG-rich matrix Avascular GAG-rich matrix that is not mineralized. VSAO:0000119 non-mineralized cartilage vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy VSAO:curator non-mineralized cartilage Avascular GAG-rich matrix that is not mineralized. PSPUB:0000170 mineralized avascular GAG-rich matrix Avascular GAG-rich matrix that is mineralized. VSAO:0000120 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Avascular GAG-rich matrix that is mineralized. PSPUB:0000170 free limb VSAO:0000121 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy acellular bone tissue Mineralized bone tissue that has terminally differentiated osteoblasts but lacks osteocytes. VSAO:0000122 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Mineralized bone tissue that has terminally differentiated osteoblasts but lacks osteocytes. PSPUB:0000170 odontode tissue Skeletal tissue that is avascular tubular mineralized matrix, primarily made of dentine that is deposited by odontoblasts that are excluded from the matrix; develops from pre-dentine tissue. VSAO:0000123 dental tissue vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy VSAO:curator dental tissue PSPUB:0000170 Skeletal tissue that is avascular tubular mineralized matrix, primarily made of dentine that is deposited by odontoblasts that are excluded from the matrix; develops from pre-dentine tissue. osteocyte CL:0000137 CL:0000137 Skeletogenic cell that secretes and is embedded in lacunae within mineralized bone matrix and that arises from the transformation of non-terminally differentiated osteoblasts. Interconnected with other osteocytes in lacunae by canaliculi. VSAO:0000124 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Skeletogenic cell that secretes and is embedded in lacunae within mineralized bone matrix and that arises from the transformation of non-terminally differentiated osteoblasts. Interconnected with other osteocytes in lacunae by canaliculi. VSAO:curator pectoral appendage VSAO:0000125 anterior paired appendage vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy pelvic appendage VSAO:0000126 posterior paired appendage vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy gastralium Dermal element that arises via intramembranous ossification and are developmentally distinct from true ribs that articulate with the vertebral column. VSAO:0000127 abdominal rib belly rib gastralia vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy gastralia VSAO:curator abdominal rib Dermal element that arises via intramembranous ossification and are developmentally distinct from true ribs that articulate with the vertebral column. PSPUB:0000170 VSAO:curator belly rib skeletal element Organ entity that is typically involved in mechanical support and may have different skeletal tissue compositions at different stages. VSAO:0000128 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Organ entity that is typically involved in mechanical support and may have different skeletal tissue compositions at different stages. PSPUB:0000170 pelvic fin Paired fin located in the abdominal position of the body. UBERON:0000152 VSAO:0000129 ischioptérygie (French) nageoire pelvienne (French) vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy PSPUB:0000164 nageoire pelvienne (French) Paired fin located in the abdominal position of the body. TAO:curator PSPUB:0000142 ischioptérygie (French) dermal bone Skeletal element that forms superficially in the organism, usually in association with the ectoderm. VSAO:0000130 dermal element membrane bone vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy VSAO:curator membrane bone PSPUB:0000170 Skeletal element that forms superficially in the organism, usually in association with the ectoderm. VSAO:curator dermal element appendicular ossicle Examples of appendicular ossicles include the patella and meniscus of the knee joint. Ossicle that is part of the appendicular skeleton. VSAO:0000131 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Ossicle that is part of the appendicular skeleton. PSPUB:0000169 ossicle Ossicles are composed of a combination skeletal tissues, including bone, calcified cartilage, hyaline cartilage, etc, and exhibit variable development across species. Ossicles are not necessarily jointed, and examples include the menisci of synovial joints, "Panda's thumb" (radial sesamoid), cardiac skeletal elements, sclerotic bones, middle ear ossicles, and sesamoids. Skeletal element that is often isolated, small, and variable in composition. VSAO:0000132 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy PSPUB:0000169 Skeletal element that is often isolated, small, and variable in composition. axial ossicle Examples of axial ossicles include the ossified tendons adjacent to the neural spines of the vertebral column. Ossicle that is part of the axial skeleton. VSAO:0000133 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Ossicle that is part of the axial skeleton. PSPUB:0000169 ossified tendon Sesamoid that develops within a tendon, distal to an articulation or joint. VSAO:0000134 intratendonous ossification vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy PSPUB:0000169 Sesamoid that develops within a tendon, distal to an articulation or joint. replacement element Skeletal element that forms as a replacement or substitution of another element or tissue. VSAO:0000135 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy PSPUB:0000170 Skeletal element that forms as a replacement or substitution of another element or tissue. direct ossification GO:0036072 Ossification that does not require the replacement of pre-existing tissues, most often a cartilaginous model. VSAO:0000136 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Ossification that does not require the replacement of pre-existing tissues, most often a cartilaginous model. PSPUB:0000170 sesamoid Ossicle that develops within bands of dense, regular connective tissue (e.g., tendons and ligaments). Sesamoids are generally located proximate to a bony prominence, over which the dense regular connective tissue wraps, and/or a joint or articulation. Sesamoids are often endochondral replacement elements and in addition to bone tissue, may also be composed of articular cartilage, fibrocartilage, hyaline cartilage, and calcified cartilage. VSAO:0000137 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Ossicle that develops within bands of dense, regular connective tissue (e.g., tendons and ligaments). Sesamoids are generally located proximate to a bony prominence, over which the dense regular connective tissue wraps, and/or a joint or articulation. PSPUB:0000169 ligamentous replacement element Replacement element that forms as a replacement of a ligament. VSAO:0000138 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy PSPUB:0000170 Replacement element that forms as a replacement of a ligament. endochondral element A skeletal element that has the potential to participate in endochondral ossification, and may participate in intramembranous ossification. VSAO:0000139 endochondral replacement element vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy A skeletal element that has the potential to participate in endochondral ossification, and may participate in intramembranous ossification. PSPUB:0000170 replacement ossification GO:0036075 Ossification that requires the replacement of a pre-existing tissue prior to bone tissue formation. VSAO:0000140 indirect ossification true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Ossification that requires the replacement of a pre-existing tissue prior to bone tissue formation. VSAO:curator intramembranous ossification Direct ossification that occurs within mesenchyme with the formation of an osteogenic condensation not associated with a perichondrium. GO:0001957 GO:0001957 VSAO:0000141 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Direct ossification that occurs within mesenchyme with the formation of an osteogenic condensation not associated with a perichondrium. VSAO:curator metaplastic ossification Direct ossification in which transformation of the pre-existing tissue occurs without dedifferentiation of cells or reinitiation of cell division; direct transformation of a non-bone tissue into a bone tissue. GO:0036074 VSAO:0000142 metaplasia true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Direct ossification in which transformation of the pre-existing tissue occurs without dedifferentiation of cells or reinitiation of cell division; direct transformation of a non-bone tissue into a bone tissue. VSAO:curator endochondral ossification GO:0001958 Replacement ossification wherein bone tissue replaces cartilage. VSAO:0000143 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Replacement ossification wherein bone tissue replaces cartilage. VSAO:curator perichondral ossification GO:0036073 Intramembranous ossification on the surface of a cartilage element as the perichondrium becomes a periosteum, without replacement of cartilage. VSAO:0000144 true vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Intramembranous ossification on the surface of a cartilage element as the perichondrium becomes a periosteum, without replacement of cartilage. VSAO:curator endochondral bone Replacement bone that forms within cartilage. VSAO:0000145 ossified chondrogenic bone vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy GO_REF:0000034 PSPUB:0000170 Replacement bone that forms within cartilage. transient cartilaginous element Chondrogenic element that is composed of cartilage during development and has the potential to become replaced by another tissue. VSAO:0000146 endochondral replacement cartilage vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Chondrogenic element that is composed of cartilage during development and has the potential to become replaced by another tissue. PSPUB:0000170 pectoral fin Paired fin that is located in the thoracic region of the body. UBERON:0000151 VSAO:0000147 forefin nageoire pectorale (French) omoptérygie (French) thoracoptérygie (French) vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy PSPUB:0000164 nageoire pectorale (French) PSPUB:0000154 omoptérygie (French) PSPUB:0000140 thoracoptérygie (French) Paired fin that is located in the thoracic region of the body. TAO:curator forelimb VSAO:0000148 pectoral limb vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy pharyngeal arch VSAO:0000149 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy hindlimb VSAO:0000150 hind limb hind-limb vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy forelimb skeleton VSAO:0000151 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy hindlimb skeleton VSAO:0000152 hind limb skeleton hind-limb skeleton vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy pectoral fin skeleton Paired fin skeleton that consists of the supporting endochondral proximal and distal radials and the dermal fins rays or lepidotrichia. The pectoral fin skeleton is located in the thoracic region of the body and articulates with the scapula and coracoid. VSAO:0000153 forefin skeleton vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Paired fin skeleton that consists of the supporting endochondral proximal and distal radials and the dermal fins rays or lepidotrichia. The pectoral fin skeleton is located in the thoracic region of the body and articulates with the scapula and coracoid. TAO:curator pelvic fin skeleton Paired fin skeleton located in the abdominal position that consists of supporting endochondral radials and dermal fin rays or lepidotrichia. VSAO:0000154 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Paired fin skeleton located in the abdominal position that consists of supporting endochondral radials and dermal fin rays or lepidotrichia. TAO:GA_TG pelvic girdle skeleton Girdle skeleton consisting of a set of bones linking the axial series to the hindlimb/fin skeleton and offering anchoring areas for hindlimb/fin and caudal musculature. VSAO:0000155 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Girdle skeleton consisting of a set of bones linking the axial series to the hindlimb/fin skeleton and offering anchoring areas for hindlimb/fin and caudal musculature. UBERON:cjm pectoral girdle skeleton Girdle skeleton consisting of a set of bones linking the axial series to the forelimb/fin skeleton and offering anchoring areas for forelimb/fin and caudal musculature. VSAO:0000156 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Girdle skeleton consisting of a set of bones linking the axial series to the forelimb/fin skeleton and offering anchoring areas for forelimb/fin and caudal musculature. UBERON:cjm scapula VSAO:0000157 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy coracoid VSAO:0000158 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy ossified ligament Sesamoid that develops within a ligament, distal to an articulation or joint. VSAO:0000159 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy GO_REF:0000034 PSPUB:0000169 Sesamoid that develops within a ligament, distal to an articulation or joint. anocleithrum Dermal bone of pectoral girdle that is dorsal to and articulates with the cleithrum. In sarcopterygians; analogous in position to postcleithrum in actinopterygians. VSAO:0000160 anocleithra vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Dermal bone of pectoral girdle that is dorsal to and articulates with the cleithrum. VSAO:curator anocleithra interclavicle Dermal bone of pectoral girdle that is median and ventral in position. VSAO:0000161 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Dermal bone of pectoral girdle that is median and ventral in position. VSAO:curator median fin Fin that is an unpaired fin located in the sagittal plane of the organism. VSAO:0000162 nageoire impaire (French) périssoptérygie (French) vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy PSPUB:0000140 périssoptérygie (French) PSPUB:0000164 nageoire impaire (French) Fin that is an unpaired fin located in the sagittal plane of the organism. TAO:curator anal fin Median fin that is located posterior to the anus. VSAO:0000163 nageoire anale (French) proctoptère (French) proctoptérygie (French) vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy PSPUB:0000164 nageoire anale (French) PAPUB:0000142 PSPUB:0000140 proctoptérygie (French) PSPUB:0000136 proctoptère (French) Median fin that is located posterior to the anus. TAO:curator caudal fin The caudal fin is the most posterior median fin. It is composed of a complex of three modified centra and modified neural and hemal arches and spines. Mabee and Bird, 2001. VSAO:0000164 nageoire caudale (French) tail tail fin uroptère (French) uroptérygie (French) vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy PSPUB:0000140 uroptérygie (French) PSPUB:0000164 nageoire caudale (French) The caudal fin is the most posterior median fin. It is composed of a complex of three modified centra and modified neural and hemal arches and spines. Mabee and Bird, 2001. ZFIN:curator PSPUB:0000135 uroptère (French) dorsal fin Median fin located on the dorsal surface of the organism. VSAO:0000165 nageoire dorsale (French) notoptère (French) notoptérygie (French) vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy PSPUB:0000140 notoptérygie (French) Median fin located on the dorsal surface of the organism. TAO:curator PSPUB:0000164 nageoire dorsale (French) PSPUB:0000163 notoptère (French) anal fin skeleton Median fin skeleton that is located posterior to the anus. VSAO:0000166 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Median fin skeleton that is located posterior to the anus. TAO:curator caudal fin skeleton Median fin skeleton supporting the caudal fin. VSAO:0000167 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Median fin skeleton supporting the caudal fin. TAO:curator dorsal fin skeleton Median fin skeleton located on the dorsal surface of the organism. VSAO:0000168 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Median fin skeleton located on the dorsal surface of the organism. TAO:curator paired fin skeleton Skeletal system that consists of the paired fins (pectoral or pelvic fins). VSAO:0000169 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Skeletal system that consists of the paired fins (pectoral or pelvic fins). TAO:curator median fin skeleton Postcranial axial skeleton that is unpaired and located on the sagittal plane of the organism. VSAO:0000170 axial fin skeleton unpaired fin skeleton vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Postcranial axial skeleton that is unpaired and located on the sagittal plane of the organism. TAO:curator scapular complex A scapular complex is described in placoderms (Goujet and Young, 1995). Skeletal subdivision of dermal bones that may include the anterolateral plate (AL), the spinal process (Sp), and anteroventral plate (AV) and other dermal bones that are part of the pectoral girdle. VSAO:0000171 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Skeletal subdivision of dermal bones that may include the anterolateral plate (AL), the spinal process (Sp), and anteroventral plate (AV) and other dermal bones that are part of the pectoral girdle. VSAO:curator lepidotrichium Dermal bone that is rod-like, formed and usually contained in a fin membrane, and jointed to or adjacent to distal radials. Lepidotrichia are formed from paired hemitrichia surrounding actinotrichia. There are usually two more lepidotrichia than distal radials. VSAO:0000172 fin ray vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Dermal bone that is rod-like, formed and usually contained in a fin membrane, and jointed to or adjacent to distal radials. Lepidotrichia are formed from paired hemitrichia surrounding actinotrichia. There are usually two more lepidotrichia than distal radials. TAO:curator pelvic fin lepidotrichium Lepidotrichium that is part of the pelvic fin skeleton. VSAO:0000173 pelvic fin lepidotrichia pelvic fin ray vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Lepidotrichium that is part of the pelvic fin skeleton. TAO:curator pelvic fin lepidotrichia caudal fin lepidotrichium Lepidotrichium that is part of the caudal fin skeleton. VSAO:0000174 caudal fin ray vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Lepidotrichium that is part of the caudal fin skeleton. TAO:curator pectoral fin lepidotrichium Each pectoral lepidotrichium may be unsegmented (e.g., spine), segmented but unbranched (e.g., leading ray) or segmented and branched. Definition of lepidotrichium by Schultze and Arratia (1989: 217). For additional information about lepidotrichia see Arratia et al. 2001 and Arratia 2008. Lepidotrichium that is part of the pectoral fin skeleton. VSAO:0000175 pectoral fin lepidotrichia pectoral fin ray vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Lepidotrichium that is part of the pectoral fin skeleton. TAO:curator pectoral fin lepidotrichia anal fin lepidotrichium Lepidotrichium that is part of the anal fin skeleton. VSAO:0000176 anal fin lepidotrichia anal fin ray vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Lepidotrichium that is part of the anal fin skeleton. TAO:curator anal fin lepidotrichia dorsal fin lepidotrichium Lepidotrichium that is part of the dorsal fin skeleton. VSAO:0000177 dorsal fin lepidotrichia dorsal fin ray vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy dorsal fin lepidotrichia Lepidotrichium that is part of the dorsal fin skeleton. TAO:curator embryonic structure Anatomical structure that is part of the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells. VSAO:0000178 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Anatomical structure that is part of the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells. ZFIN:curator fin bud VSAO:0000179 fin buds vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy fin buds process Anatomical structure that is a natural outgrowth, projection, or appendage. A process can be part of a bone, cartilage, tissue, fin, scale, etc. VSAO:0000180 bony projection flange flanges lamella lamellae lamina laminae processes projection projections ridge ridges shelf shelves vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy projections flanges shelves Anatomical structure that is a natural outgrowth, projection, or appendage. A process can be part of a bone, cartilage, tissue, fin, scale, etc. TAO:curator lamellae processes ridges articular system Anatomical system that consists of all the joints of the body. VSAO:0000181 joint system vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Anatomical system that consists of all the joints of the body. VSAO:curator suprabranchial fin Paired fin that is a bilaterally paired anterior outgrowth located high on the side of the animal, not far behind the orbit, with the posterior extremity corresponding with the expected posterior end of the branchial region. Suprabranchial fins are anterior outgrowths from the cephalothorax of thelodonts. Typically scale covered. They do not appear to contain skeletal tissues or elements. VSAO:0000182 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy PSPUB:0000172 Paired fin that is a bilaterally paired anterior outgrowth located high on the side of the animal, not far behind the orbit, with the posterior extremity corresponding with the expected posterior end of the branchial region. vertebral centrum Skeletal element that surrounds the notochord. The vertebral centrum may be cartilaginous, develop as cartilage but be replaced by bone or mineralized, or form directly through intramembranous ossification. VSAO:0000183 centrum vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Skeletal element that surrounds the notochord. VSAO:curator vertebral element Skeletal element that forms around the notochord and is part of the vertebral column. VSAO:0000184 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Skeletal element that forms around the notochord and is part of the vertebral column. TAO:curator vertebral column Anatomical cluster that consists of all the vertebra in the body. VSAO:0000185 vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Anatomical cluster that consists of all the vertebra in the body. VSAO:curator femur 2012-03-08T09:23:01Z Endochondral longbone connecting the pelvic girdle with posterior zeugopodium. VSAO:0000186 haendel vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Endochondral longbone connecting the pelvic girdle with posterior zeugopodium. VSAO:NI pectoral appendage/girdle complex 2012-04-23T10:37:01Z Appendage girdle complex that when present, encompasses the pectoral appendage and half of the pectoral girdle. VSAO:0000213 haendel vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Appendage girdle complex that when present, encompasses the pectoral appendage and half of the pectoral girdle. VSAO:MAH appendage/girdle complex 2012-04-23T10:46:51Z Anatomical group that consists of the soft and skeletal tissues of the appendicular region of the body and the appendage proper. It is still called a complex when one of the two parts is missing (?) There are fossil fishes with only an outgrowth (no record of a girdle), including thelodonts (which have a suprabranchial fin) as well as some anaspids which have a distinctive 'paired fin' (with differing published assertions on whether it's homologous to a pec fin or pelvic fin or both or neither). There are many fishes and other vertebrates with only a girdle and no outgrowth. VSAO:0000214 haendel vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Anatomical group that consists of the soft and skeletal tissues of the appendicular region of the body and the appendage proper. GO_REF:0000034 pelvic appendage/girdle complex 2012-04-23T10:51:37Z Appendage girdle complex that when present, encompasses the pelvic appendage and the pelvic girdle. VSAO:0000215 haendel vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Appendage girdle complex that when present, encompasses the pelvic appendage and the pelvic girdle. VSAO:MAH free limb skeleton 2012-06-26T07:29:11Z Skeletal subdivision that is part of the limb. VSAO:0000300 haendel vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy GO_REF:0000034 Skeletal subdivision that is part of the limb. limb/fin skeleton 2012-06-26T07:42:15Z Skeletal subdivision that is part of the paired limb/fin. VSAO:0000301 haendel vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy GO_REF:0000034 Skeletal subdivision that is part of the paired limb/fin. girdle skeleton 2012-06-26T09:34:08Z Skeletal subdivision that is part of the appendage girdle region. VSAO:0000302 haendel vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy GO_REF:0000034 Skeletal subdivision that is part of the appendage girdle region. appendage girdle region 2012-06-26T09:36:49Z An organism subdivision that encompasses the region containing the pectoral or pelvic girdle. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc). There are only two instances of appendage girdle regions per organism. VSAO:0000303 haendel vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy An organism subdivision that encompasses the region containing the pectoral or pelvic girdle. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc). There are only two instances of appendage girdle regions per organism. UBERON:cjm pelvic girdle region 2012-06-26T09:40:03Z Note that this class describes the central subdivision of the pelvic girdle complex, NOT the skeleton within. Subdivision of lower limb or fin which links the limb/fin to the body[FMA,modified]. There is only one instance of the pelvic girdle region per organism. VSAO:0000304 haendel vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Subdivision of lower limb or fin which links the limb/fin to the body[FMA,modified]. There is only one instance of the pelvic girdle region per organism. UBERON:cjm pectoral girdle region 2012-06-26T09:40:22Z An organism subdivision that includes the pectoral girdle skeleton. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc). There is only one instance of the pectoral girdle region per organism. Note that this class describes the central subdivision of the pectoral girdle complex, NOT the skeleton within. VSAO:0000305 haendel vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy An organism subdivision that includes the pectoral girdle skeleton. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc). There is only one instance of the pectoral girdle region per organism. UBERON:cjm appendicular skeletal system 2012-06-26T10:22:36Z Skeletal system which consists of the appendicular skeleton plus associated joints. VSAO:0000306 haendel vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Skeletal system which consists of the appendicular skeleton plus associated joints. UBERON:cjm perichordal bone 2012-07-13T10:45:03Z Bone element that is adjacent to the notochord. VSAO:0000307 haendel vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Bone element that is adjacent to the notochord. GO_REF:0000034 perichondral bone 2012-07-13T10:46:34Z Bone element that is located on the surface of a cartilage element. VSAO:0000308 haendel vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Bone element that is located on the surface of a cartilage element. GO_REF:0000034 stylopodial skeleton 2012-01-27T02:33:19Z Proximal element of the limb skeleton consisting of the femur and humerus in the forelimb stylopodium and hindlimb stylopodium respectively. VSAO:0005007 nizaribrahim propodium stylopod vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Proximal element of the limb skeleton consisting of the femur and humerus in the forelimb stylopodium and hindlimb stylopodium respectively. VSAO:NI zeugopodial skeleton 2012-01-27T02:50:34Z Section of the forelimb skeleton located between the stylopodium and the autopodium. VSAO:0005010 epipodium nizaribrahim vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy zygopodium Section of the forelimb skeleton located between the stylopodium and the autopodium. VSAO:NI autopodial skeleton 2012-01-30T01:38:27Z Distal section of the limb skeleton, consisting of the anterior autopodium or posterior autopodium. VSAO:0005019 nizaribrahim vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Distal section of the limb skeleton, consisting of the anterior autopodium or posterior autopodium. VSAO:NI mesopodial skeleton 2012-01-30T01:45:41Z Limb skeleton subdivision consisting of endochondral bones increasing the freedom of movement of the autopodia, and located between zeugopodia and autopodia. VSAO:0005022 basipodium nizaribrahim vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Limb skeleton subdivision consisting of endochondral bones increasing the freedom of movement of the autopodia, and located between zeugopodia and autopodia. VSAO:NI metapodial skeleton 2012-01-30T01:58:58Z Endochondral bone complex located between the mesopodium and the acropodium and consisting of the metacarpals or metatarsals. VSAO:0005025 nizaribrahim vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Endochondral bone complex located between the mesopodium and the acropodium and consisting of the metacarpals or metatarsals. VSAO:NI acropodial skeleton 2012-01-30T02:09:30Z Endochondral terminal bones at the distalmost end of the autopodium, consisting of the phalanges. UBERON:0002254 VSAO:0005028 nizaribrahim sometimes mistakenly used to include the metapodium vertebrate_skeletal_anatomy Endochondral terminal bones at the distalmost end of the autopodium, consisting of the phalanges. VSAO:NI 2012-08-10